Fluke 6062A Instruction Manual

is exclusive: The JOHN FLUKE MFG. CO., INC,, warrants each instrument it manufactures to be free from defects in materia! and workmanship under normal use and service for the period of 1 -yearfromdateof purchase, This warranty extends only to the original purchaser. This warranty shall not apply to fuses, disposable batteries (rechargeable type batteries are warranted for 90-days), or any product or parts which have been subject to misuse, neglect, accident, or abnormal conditions of operations. In the event of failure of a product covered by this warranty, John Fluke Mfg, Co., inc,, will repair and calibrate an instrument returned to an authorized Service Facility within 1 year of the original purchase; provided the warrantor's examination discloses to its satisfaction that the product was defective. The warrantor may, at its optioh,- replace the product in lieu of repair. With regard to any instrument returned within 1 year of the original purchase, said repairs or replacement will be made without charge. If the failure has been caused by misuse, neglect, accident, or abnormal conditions of operations, repairs will be billed at a nominal cost. In such case, an estimate wilt be submitted before work is started, if requested. THE FOREGOING WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS, OR ADEQUACY FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE. JOHN FLUKE MFG, CO., INC., SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT, OR OTHERWISE, It any failure occurs, the following steps should be taken; 1. Notify the JOHN FLUKE MFG. CO., INC., or nearest Service facility, giving full details of the difficulty, and include the model number, type number, and serial number. On receipt of this information, service data, or shipping instructions will be forwarded to you, 2. On receipt of the shipping instructions, forward the instrument, transportation prepaid. Repairs will be made at the Service Facility and the instrument returned, transportation prepaid. SHIPPING TO MANUFACTURER FOR REPAIR OR ADJUSTMENT All shipments of JOHN FLUKE MFG. CO.. INC., instruments should be made via United Parcel Serviceor "Best Way"' prepaid. The instrument should be shipped in the original packing carton; or if if is not available, use any suitable container that is rigid and of adequate size, if a substitute container is used, the instrument should be wrapped in paper and surrounded with at least four inches of excelsior or similar shock-absorbing material. CLAIM FOR DAMAGE IN SHIPMENT TO ORIGINAL PURCHASER The instrument should be thoroughly inspected immediately upon original delivery to purchaser. Ail material in the container should bechecked against the enclosed packing list. The manufacturer will not be responsible for shortages against the packing sheet unless notified immediately. If the instrument is damaged in any way, aciaim should be filed with the carrier immediately, (To obtain a quotation to repair shipment damage, contact the nearest Fluke Technical Center,) Final claim and negotiations with the carrier must be completed by the customer. The JOHN FLUKE MFG. CO,, INC, will be happy to answer all applications or use questions, which will enhance your use of this instrument, Please address your requests or correspondence to; JOHN FLUKE MFG. CO,, INC., P.O. BOX C9090, EVERETT, WASHINGTON 98206, ATTN: Sales Dept, For European Customers: Fluke (Holland) B.V., P.O, Box 5053, 5004 EB, Tilburg, The Netherlands, •For European customers, Air Freight prepaid, John Fluke Mfg. Co., Inc., P.O. Box C9090, Everett, Washington 98206 Rev. 6/81

fully-programmable, precision, synthesized signal generator. The Generator is designed for applications that require good modulation, frequency accuracy, and output level performance with moderate spectral purity. It is well suited for testing a wide variety of RF components and systems including filters, amplifiers, mixers, and radios, particularly on-channel radio testing. The shipping container should include a 6062A Synthesized RF Signal Generator, an Operator Information Card, a Getting Started Manual, an Instruction Manual, a line power cord and two BNC dust caps. Any accessories ordered for the Generator are shipped in a separate container. Section 2, Installation and Operation, gives instructions on inspecting the new Generator and explains what to do if the instrument arrives with shipping damage. Reshipment information is also included. 1-3. SAFETY This instruction manual contains information, warnings, and cautions that should be followed to ensure safe operation and to maintain the Generator in a safe condition. The Generator is designed primarily for indoor use, and it may be operated in temperatures from 0 to 50°C without degradation of its safety. TO AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK, USE A POWER CORD THAT HAS A THREE-PRONG PLUG. IF A PROPER POWER CORD IS NOT USED, THE 6062A CASE CAN DEVELOP AN ELECTRICAL POTENTIAL ABOVE EARTH GROUND. CAUTION To avoid damage to the 6062A, check that the rear panel line voltage selection card and fuse are correct for the line voltage in your area. The correct line voltage and fuse combinations are: 100/120V ac, ±10%, 47 to 63 Hz 220/240V ac, ±10%, 47 to 63 Hz 1.5 amp .75 amp 1-1

Generator in bench applications or to the operator console in remote applications. A copy of the card is located at the end of Section 8 of this manual as a convenient reference or for duplication. 1-5. GENERATOR DESCRIPTION Fundamental features of the Generator are as follows: ® 0.10- to 1050-MHz frequency range in 10-Hz steps • 1050- to 2100-MHz frequency range in 20-Hz steps ® +16 to -137-dBm level range in 0.!-dB steps from 0.10 to 1050 MHz • +13 to -137-dBm level range in 0.1-dB steps from 1050 to 2100 MHz • AM, FM, 0M, and Pulse, internal or external • Internal 400- and 1000-Hz modulation oscillator • Relative frequency and amplitude ® Volts/dBm conversion ® Store/ recall memory ® Instrument (or controller) prompted software compensation • Masler/slave for frequency, amplitude, and modulation functions (IEEE-488 Interface controlled.) ® Fluorescent display ® 5’/4-inches high, rack mountable 1~6. Controller Functions The Generator’s microprocessor controls all operator interface functions, performs back- ground operations such as status checks, and updates (strobes) the front panel displays. Whether the operator is using local control with the front panel, or remote control with the IEEE-488 Interface, the microprocessor provides self test and diagnostic capability. Economi- cal instrument performance is achieved by using software compensation and accuracy- enhancement circuitry. 1-7. LOCAL CONTROL The value of the basic output parameters of the Generator (i.e., amplitude, frequency, or modulation) can be controlled in three ways: ® Direct numeric entry ® Incrementing or decrementing the bright digit ® Step-up or step-down entry where the operator can program the step size via the front

reference, instrument status, and special function modes. Refer to Tables 2-1 and 2-2 for a more complete discussion. 1-8. DISPLAY FIELD The programmed values of modulation, frequency, and amplitude are displayed in the three display fields. In addition, when the operator presses the [STATUS] key, uncal and reject entry codes are displayed. The display also prompts the operator during the software compensation procedures. 1-9. REMOTE-CONTROL PROGRAMMING The IEEE-488 Interface allows the Generator to be remotely controlled with any IEEE-488 bus controller. The operator can also use the instrument on the IEEE-488 bus without a controller in a listen-only or talk-only mode by selecting the appropriate Generator rear panel IEEE-488 switch settings. All instrument controls can be controlled remotely except the POWER ON / OFF and the rear panel REF INT/EXT switches. The IEEE-488 Interface provides additional commands not available with local control, such as data transfer and individual control of internal I/O control bits. The IEEE-488 Interface allows two Generators to track amplitude, frequency, or modulation in a master/ slave configuration when the operator uses the front panel step-up and step-down entries on one of the instruments. For instance, frequency tracking is convenient for tests involving mixers, and amplitude tracking is useful for two-tone intermodulation testing. The specified frequency range is 0.10 to 2100 MHz. The frequency is synthesized from a 10-MHz reference and provides an output resolution of 10 Hz from 0.10 to 1050 MHz, and 20 Hz from 1050 to 2100 MHz. The relative frequency mode allows the operator to program the frequency in relation to a center frequency or an offset frequency. This is convenient for testing filters and mixers. The output frequency stability and accuracy depends on the reference, whether that reference is internal or external. 1-11. Reference The internal frequency reference is a lO-MHz ambient crystal oscillator. If Option -130 High Stability Reference or Option -132 Medium Stability Reference is installed, the internal oscillator is locked to the option oscillator. With the REF INT/EXT switch set to EXT, the Generator can be operated from an external I-, 2-, 2.5-, 5-, or 10-MHz, 0.3 to 4V peak-to-peak sine or square-wave reference applied to the REF IN connector. In either position of the REF INT/EXT switch, the selected reference is available as a 10-MHz signal at the rear panel 10 MHz OUT connector. The Generator has two specified signal level ranges: + 16 to -137 dBm (I.4IV to 0.1 fjY) over a frequency range of 0.10 to 1050 MHz + 13 to -137 dBm (IV to 0.033 /jY) over a frequency range of 1050 to 2100 MHz. The programming limits are +17 and -147.4 dBm, which correspond to limits of 1.58V to 0.01 fjY. The level entry can be in dBm or volts, or it can be converted from one to the other. The

the level relative to the initial setting. 1-13. Modulation The Generator has internal and external amplitude, frequency, phase, and pulse modulation capabilities. The internal modulation oscillator is selectable between 400 and lOOO Hz. AM depths ofO to 99% are available in l% steps. FM deviation ranges of I, lO, I00,and 400 kHz are available in steps of i, !0, lOOHz, and I kHz, respectively. 0M deviation ranges ofO.lO, l.O, lO.O, and 40.0 radians (rad) are available in steps of O.OOl, O.OI, O.l, and O.l radians, respectively. The internal Pulse duty cycle is approximately 50%. External Pulse allows rates from dc up to 16 M Hz, and duty cycles from 0 to 100%. 1-14. OPTIONS AND ACCESSORIES The following options are available for the Generator: Option -130 High-Stability (Ovened) Reference Option -132 Medium-Stability Reference Option -651 Low-Rate FM (External only) Option -830 Rear Panel RF Output, MOD Input, and Pulse MOD Input Section 6 provides more detailed information on the options. The following accessories are included with each Generator: QUANTITY Operator Information Card Getting Started Manual Instruction Manual Line Power Cord BNC Dust Cap 797928 1 794859 1 794842 I 284174 I 478982 2 The following accessories are available for the Generator: DESCRIPTION ACCESSORY NO. Rack Mount Kit. Includes M05-205-600 (5'/4-inch Y6001 Rack Mount Ears) and MOO-280-610 (24-inch Rack Slides) IEEE-488 Shielded Cable, 1 meter Y8021 IEEE-488 Shielded Cable, 2 meters Y8022 IEEE-488 Shielded Cable, 4 meters Y8023 Coaxial Cable, 50 ohms, 3 feet, BNC (ra) both ends Y9 ! 1 Coaxial Cable, 50 ohms, 6 feet, BNC (m) both ends Y91 12 1-15. RECOMMENDED TEST EQUIPMENT The test equipment recommended for the performance tests, calibration adjustments, and troubleshooting are listed in Table 4A-I. This equipment is assumed to be calibrated to the manufacturer’s specifications. If the recommended test equipment is not available, equivalent test equipment can be substituted.

1-16. MNEMONICS The mnemonics used in the schematics, block diagrams, wiring diagrams, truth tables, and the text are listed in Figure 8-1. 1-17. SIGNAL GENERATOR SPECIFICATIONS Unless otherwise noted, the following performance is guaranteed over the specified environmental and ac power line conditions 20 minutes after turn-on. Table 1-1 lists the Generator specifications. Table 1-1. 6062A Synthesized RF Signal Generator Specifications Warranted performance^ 20 minutes after power-on within operating temperature range. FREQUENCY (9 1/2-Digit Display) RANGE 0.1 to 2100.0 MHz in 4 bands; 0.1 to 244.99999 MHz, 245 to 511.99999 MHz, 512 to 1049.99999 MHz, 1050 to 2100.0 MHz. RESOLUTION ... 10 Hz from 0.1 to 1050 MHz, 20 Hz from 1050 to 2100 Itiz. ACCURACY Same as reference (See REFERENCE). REFERENCE (Internal) The unit operates on an internal free-air 10-MHz crystal oscillator with an ageing rate of 0 dBm, terminated in 50-ohms. REFERENCE (External) Accepts 1-, 2-, 2.5-, 5-, or 10-MHz signal. Level of 0.3 to 4.0 Vpp into 50-ohms termination. AMPLITUDE (3 1/2-Digit Display) RANGE (Indicated) +16 (+16 peak with AM enabled) to -137 dBm, from 0.1 to 1049.99999 MHz. +13 (+13 peak with AM enabled) to -137 dBm, from 1050 to 2100 MHz. (Autoranging 6-dB step attenuator). RESOLUTION 0.1 dB (<1% or 1 nV in volts). Annunciators for dB, dBm, V, mV, uV, dB mV, and dB uV. ACCURACY +1 dB from +16 to -127 dBm from ? to 1049,99999 MHz. * +1.5 dB from +13 to -127 dBm from ?050 to 2100 mz. +2.0 dB from +16 to -127 dBm from 0.1 to .99999 MHz. * +1.5 dB at temperatures other than 23°C +5°C 1-5

Table 1 -1 . 6062A Synthesized RF Signal Generator Specifications (cont) SOURCE VSWR <1,5:1 below +1 dBm, <2.0:1 elsewhere. SPECTRAL PURITY (CW ONLY) SPURIOUS <~60 dBc for offsets greater than 10 kHz and frequencies fr«n 0.1 to 1049.99999 MHz. <-54 dBc for offsets greater than 10 kHz and frequencies from 1050 to 2100 Wz. NOTE Fixed frequency spurs are <-60 dBc or <-140 dBm whichever is larger. NOTE dBc refers to decibels relative to the carrier frequency, or in this case, relative to the signal level. HARMONICS <-30 dBc for levels < +13 dBm and frequencies >1 MHz, <-25 dBc elsewhere. SUBHARMONICS <-50 dBc for output frequencies from 1050 to 2100 mz. RESIDUAL FM (rms in 0.3- to 3-kHz band) <12 Hz for 0.1 to 244.99999 MHz, <6 Hz for 245 to 511 .99999 l^z, <12 Hz for 512 to 1049.99999 MHz, <24 Hz for 1050 to 2100 MHz. RESIDUAL FM (rms in 0.05- to 15-kHz band) <18 Hz for 0.1 to 244.99999 Miz, <9 Hz for 245 to 511.99999 MHz, <18 Hz for 512 to 1049.99999 MHz, <36 Hz for 1050 to 2100 Miz. RESIDUAL AM (in 0.05- to 15-kHz Band) <-60 dBc. AMPLITUDE MODULATION (2-Digit Display) DEPTH RANGE 0 to 99%. RESOLUTION U. ACCURACY ±(2% + 4% of setting) to peak amplitude of +13 dBm for frequencies to 2100 MHz. +(3% + 5% of setting) to peak amplitude of +13 dBm for frequencies of 0.1 to .99999 MHz.

<1,5% total harmonic distortion (THD) to 3CK AM, <3% THD to 70% AM, <5% THD to 90% AM for frequencies of 1 to 1049.99999 MHz and peak amplitude < +13 dBm. <3% THD to 70% AM, and <5% THD to 90% AM for frequencies of 1050 to 2100 MHz and peak amplitude < +13 dBm. <3% THD to 30% AM, <5% THD to 70% AM, and <7% THD to 90% AM for frequencies of 0.1 to .99999 MHz and peak amplitude < +13 dBm. BANDWIDTH (3 dB) 20 Hz to 50 kHz. DC to 50 kHz by special function. (Note— valid for RF frequency - Mod frequency >150 kHz) INCIDENTAL FM <0.3 fm for internal rates, 30% or less AM, and frequencies from 0.1 to 1049.99999 MHz. <0.6 fm for internal rates, 30% or less AM, and frequencies from 1050 to 2100 mz. FREQUENCY MODULATION (3-Digit Display) DEVIATION RANGES MAXIMUM DEVIATION Mod Rate fm >,2 kHz fm <,E kHz ... 0 to 999 Hz, 1 to 9.99 kHz, 10 to 99.9 kHz, and 100 to 400 kHz. Max Dev RF Frequency 400 kHz 200 kHz 100 kHz 200 kHz 1050 to 2100 Mhz 512 to 1049.99999 MHz 245 to 511.99999 Mhz 0.1 to 244.99999 Mhz lower of above or; 2 fm fo 245 to 2100 MHz 2 fm(fo+800) 0.1 to 244.99999 MHz Where: fm = mod frequency in kHz fo ® RF frequency in MHz Deviation is in kHz Specs apply where: RF Frequency - Dev >150 kHz RF Frequency “ Mod Rate >150 kHz RESOLUTION 3 digits. ACCURACY + (7% + 10 Hz) for rates of 0,3 to 20 kHz. Does not include effects of Residual FM. 1-7

Residual FM. BANDWIDTH C3 dB) 20 Hz to 100 kHz. (Note-- valid for RF Frequency - Mod Frequency >150 kHz) INCIDENTAL AM <1% AM at 1 kHz rate, for the maxiinum deviation or 50 kHz, whichever is less. Valid for RF Frequency >1 MHz. PHASE MODULATION (3 digit display) DEVIATION RANGES MAXIMUM DEVIATION RESOLUTION ACCURACY 0 to .099 rad, .100 to .999 rad, 1.00 to 9.99 rad, and 10.0 to 40.0 rad. 20 rad from 0.1 to 244.99999 MHz. 10 rad from 245 to 511 .99999 MHz. 20 rad from 512 to 1049.99999 MHz 40 rad from 1050 to 2100 MHz. 3 digits +(7% + .01 rad) at 1 kHz rate. Does not include effects of Residual FM. DISTORTION BANDWIDTH (3 dB) .... ........ INCIDENTAL AM <1% THD for 1 kHz rate. Does not include effects of Residual FM. 20 Hz to 10 kHz. (Note— valid for RF Frequency - Mod Frequency >150 kHz) <1% AM at 1 kHz rate. PULSE MODULATION (RF Frequencies from 10 to 2100 MHz) ON/OFF RATIO 80 dB minimum RISE & FALL TIMES <15 nsec LEVEL ERROR for pulse widths >50 nsec, power in the pulse within +0.5 dB of measured CW level. DUTY CYCLE (ext mod) 0-100% REP RATE (ext mod) DC-16 MHz INTERNAL MODULATION internal rates, approx 50% duty cycle. EXTERNAL PULSE MODULATION The pulse input is TTL compatible and 50 ohm terminated with an internal active pull-up. It can be modeled as 1.2 V in series with 50 ohms at the pulse modulation input connector. The instrument senses input terminal voltage and turns the RF off when the terminal voltage drops below 1 + 0.1 V. Max allowable applied voltage, +10V. PULSE MODULATION (RF Frequencies <10 i^z) RISE & FALL TIMES.. <2 X period of RF Frequency.

Table 1-1. 6062A Synthesized RF Signal Generator Specifications (cent) LEVEL ERROR.... .....for pulse widths >10 X period of RF Frequency, power in the pulse will be within +0.5 dB of the measured CW Level. Other specifications are the same as for the 10 to 2100 Wz range. NON-VOLATILE MEMORY 50 instrument states are retained for typicaUy 2 years, even with the power mains disconnected. REVERSE POWER PROTECTION PROTECTION LEVEL up to 25 watts from a 50 ohm source. up to 25 VDC. Instrument output is AC coupled. TRIP/RESET Flashing RF OFF annunciator indicates a tripped condition. Pushing RF ON/OFF button will reset instrument. Protection is provided when instrument is off. IEEE-488 INTERFACE FUNCTIONS SH1, AH1, T5, TEO, L3, LEO, SR1, RLl , PPO, DC1, 0T1, CO, and El , MODULATION SOURCE INTERNAL 0.4 or 1 kHz, +3% for 20 to 30°C; add +0.1%/°C outside this range. EXTERNAL +5V max.; IV peak provides indicated modulation index. Nominal input impedance is 600 ohms. TODES Any combination of AM and FM or 0M, internal or external, may be used- If external AM and FM or 0M are enabled, the modulation input Z will drop to approximately 560 ohms. Pulse modulation is completely independent and can be used in conjunction with any other form(s) of modulation. GENERAL TEMPERATURE Operating 0 to 50®C (32 to 122°F). Non-Operating -40 to 75°C (-40 to 167°F). HUMIDITY RANGE Operating 95% to 30°C, 75% to 40°C, 45% to 50°C. ALTITUDE Operating Up to 10,000 ft. VIBRATION Non-Operating .............. 5 to 15 Hz at 0.06 inch, 15 to 25 Hz at 0.04 inch, and 25 to 55 Hz at 0.02 inch, double amplitude (DA). 1-9

SHOCK Non-Operating Bench handling per MIL T 28^0C Class 5, Style E. ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY The radiated emissions induce <3 uV (<1 uV of the Generator's output signal) into a 1-inch diameter/ 2-turn Loop/ 1-inch from any surface as measured into a 50-ohm receiver. Also complies with the following standards; CE03 of MIL-STD-461B (Power and interconnecting Leads)/ 0.015 to 50 MHz. RE02 of MIL-ST0-461B (14 kHz to 10 GHz). FCC Part 15 (j), class A. CISPR 11. SIZE Width Height Depth 43 cm 13.3 cm 50.8 cm 17 in 5.25 in 20 in POWER » • a a B 100/ 120/ 220, 240V ac +10%, 47 to 63 HZ/ <180 VA (<15 VA/ with Option -130 installed/ and the Generator turned off (standby). WEIGHT <15.7 kg (35 lbs). OPTION -130 HIGH-STABILITY REFERENCE AGING RATE <+5 x 10 -10/day, after 21 days continuous operation. TEMPERATURE STABILITY <+2 x 10 -10/°C (Oven remains powered in standby). OPTION -132 MEDIUM-STABILITY REFERENCE AGING RATE <+1 x 10”^/month after 5 days continuous operation. TEMPERATURE STABILITY <+1 x 10"^/°C (0 to 50°C) (no powered standby). OPTION -651 LOW-RATE EXTERNAL FH MAXIMUM DEVIATION 9.99 kHz. DROOP <15% on a 10-Hz square wave. BANDWIDTH (3dB) 0.5 Hz to 100 kHz (typical). MAX DC INPUT +10 mV. . <1% AM at 1-kHz rate and deviation <10 kHz. INCIDENTAL AM . . .

SUPPLEMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS The following characteristics are provided to assist in the application of the Generator and to describe the typical performance that can be expected. FREQUENCY SWITCHING SPEED ... <100 mS to be within 100 Hz AMPLITUDE SWITCHING SPEED .... ... <100 mS to be within 0.1 dB AMPLITUDE RANGE Programmable from +17 to -147. A dBm. Fixed-range, selected by special function, allows for more than 12 dB of vernier without switching the attenuator . AMPLITUDE ACCURACY +2.0 dB from -127.1 to -137 dBm from 6.1 to 2100 MHz. NOISE (at 20-kHz offset) <--116 dBc/Hz from 0.10 to . 244.99999 f^z. <"-122 dBc/Hz from 245 to 511 .99999 iMHz. <--116 dBc/Hz from 512 to 1049.99999 MHz. <--110 dBc/Hz from 1050 to 2100 mz. RESIDUAL FM (typical) Freq Range .3 0.1 - 244.99999 MHz 8 245 - 511.99999 MHz 4 512 - 1049.99999 MHz 8 1050 - 2100 mz 16 3 kHz .05 - 15 kHz CCIT Hz 12 Hz 7 Hz Hz 6 Hz 3..5 Hz Hz 12 Hz 7 Hz Hz 24 Hz 14 Hz EXTERNAL MODULATION . IEEE . FREQUENCY DRIFT PULSE MODULATION Annunciators indicate when a IV peak signal is applied, +2%, over a 0.02- to 100-kHz band. All controls except the power switch and the internal/external reference switch are remotely programmable via IEEE-488 Interface (Std 488-1978). All status including the option complenent are available remotely. The Store/Recall memory data may be transferred via an external controller. In talk-only, the appropriate commands are generated when the front panel step-up and step-down entries are made to control another 6062A, 6060A, 6060B ,6070A, or 6071 A. (6070/71 A only have FREQUENCY STEP.) <1 ppin/hr after 1 hour warmup at constant ambient tanperature using internal free-air crystal. 80 nsec typ 65 nsec typ PULSE DELAY OFF/ON

to install and operate the Generator. This section contains information for an initial inspection, setting up the instrument, general operating information, and local and remote operation. 2-2. INITIAL INSPECTION The Generator is shipped in a special protective container that should prevent damage during shipment. Check the shipping order against the contents of the container, and report any damage or short shipment to the place of purchase or the nearest Fluke Technical Service Center. Instructions for inspection and claims are included on the shipping container. If reshipment of the Generator is necessary, please use the original shipping container. If the original container is not available, use a container that provides adequate protection during shipment, it is recommended that the Generator be protected by at least three inches of shock-absorbing material on all sides of the container. Do not use loose fill to pad the shipping container. Loose fill allows the Generator to settle to one corner of the shipping container, which could result in the Generator being damaged during shipment. 2-3. SETTING UP THE GENERATOR The following paragraphs describe how to set up the Generator for operation. This information includes; line power requirements, line voltage selection procedures, fuse replacement procedures, and rack mounting instructions. 2-4. Line Power Requirements The Generator uses a line voltage of 100 or 120V ac rms (± 10%) with a I.5A fuse; or 220V or 240V ac (± 10%) with a 0.75A fuse. The line frequency must be between 48 to 63 Hz. The power consumption of the instrument is <180 VA with a full option complement. 2 Line Voltage and Fuse Selection Verify that the intended line power source matches the line voltage setting of the Generator before plugging in the line power cord. Refer to Figure 2-1 to set the line voltage of the Generator to match the available source. Figure 2-1 also shows how to replace the line fuse of the Generator. The correct fuse value for each of the four line voltages is listed on a plate attached to the rear panel of the Generator.

2-6, IEEE-488 Address The IEEE-488 address can be selected using the switches located next to the IEEE-488 connector on the rear panel. Talk-only and listen-only modes can also be selected on this switch. NOTE To meet the specified radiated emissions, the IEEE-488 connector must he terminated with a shielded IEEE-488 cable, such as a Fluke Y8021. 2-7. RACK OR BENCH MOUNTING THE GENERATOR Allow at least 3 inches of clearance behind and on each side of the Generator to ensure proper air circulation. The Generator may be placed directly on a work bench or mounted in a standard (24-inch deep) equipment rack. Use the Fluke Y6001 Rack Mount Kit for mounting the Generator on an equipment rack. Instructions for installing the Generator with the Rack Mount Kit are provided in the kit. The outside dimensions of the Generator are shown in Figure 2-2. The Rack Mount Kit is composed of the following parts: 5’4-inch Rack Adapter, P/N M05-205-600 24-inch Rack Slides, P/N MOO-280-610 2-8. GENERAL OPERATING INFORMATION The following paragraphs contain general information on the operation of the Generator. This includes all the information required to familiarize the operator with the instrument and the differences between local and remote operation. 2-9. Familiarization The Generator normally operates on an internal reference oscillator. However, if desired, the Generator can be operated on an external reference by setting the rear panel REF INT/ EXT switch to EXT and connecting the external reference to the REF IN connector.

is present at the 10 MHz OUT connector on the rear panel. To meet the specified radiated emissions, this connector must be terminated with a BNC non-shorting dust cap. A dust cap, JF 478982, is supplied with the Generator, if a cable is connected, it must be a double-shielded coaxial cable such as RG-223 terminated in a SO-ohm load. Output spectral degradation occurs if the Generator is operated on internal reference with an external reference signal applied. Figure 2-3 shows the front panel controls, indicator, and connectors and Table 2-I describes the features. Figure 2-4 shows the rear panel controls, connectors, and switches and Table 2-2 describes the features. 2-10. Local Versus Remote Operation Two modes of controlling the output of the Generator are local operation and remote operation. In the local operation mode, the operator uses the keys on the front panel to control the Generator. The remote operation mode uses an IEEE-488 controller to control the Generator through the IEEE-488 Interface. An overview of local operation is presented under the heading Local and Remote Control Operations. The local and remote control operations that have similar entry methods are also described under Local and Remote Control Operations. The paragraphs under the heading Remote Operation contain information on commands or descriptions that pertain only to remote operations. 2-11. Power-On Sequence When the Generator is turned on, a power-on sequence starts. During the power-on sequence, the microprocessor tests the analog circuitry, the program ROM, the scratch-pad RAM, the compensation memory, and the front panel displays. The front panel displays are tested by lighting all segments for a brief period at the same time the rest of the self tests are performed. If any of the self tests fail, an error code is displayed. If the operator initiates any front panel entry before the power-on sequence is completed, the self test is aborted, and the Generator is set to the state it was in when turned off. Table 2-3 lists the Instrument Preset State. Power-on instrument settings that relate to the IEEE-488 Interface are described in the Remote Operation paragraphs in this section. More detail on the power-on self tests are explained in Section 4D. 2-12. Changing Output Parameters The six parameters of the Generator (i.e., frequency, amplitude, amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), phase modulation (0M), and pulse modulation) may be individually changed by at least one of three methods; Function Entry Bright-Digit Edit Entry Step Entry

INT AM Indicates that the internal modulation oscillator signal is amplitude modulating the Generator. EXT AM Indicates that the Generator is amplitude modulated by the signal connected to the ^DD INPUT connector. INT FM Indicates that the internal modulation oscillator signal is frequency modulating the Generator. EXT FM Indicates that the Generator is frequency modulated by the signal connected to the MOD INPUT connector. INT 0M Irxiicates that the internal modulation oscillator signal is phase modulating the Generator. EXT 0M Indicates that the Generator is phase modulated by the signal connected to the TOD INPUT connector. intJL Indicates that the internal modulation oscillator signal is pulse modulating the Generator. EXT Jl. Indicates that the Generator is pulse modulated by the signal connected to the PULSE MODULATION INPUT connector. STEP Indicates that the Step or Cv3 keys (Step Entry) affect the current Modulation display value. % Indicates that the value displayed is the AM Depth in percent. kHz DEV Indicates that the value displayed is the FM Deviation in kHz. rad Indicates that the value displayed is the Phase Modulation Deviation in radians.

is the target Level in dBm when performing a Level compensation procedure. AQO Hz Indicates that the internal modulating frequency is 400 Hz. 1000 Hz Indicates that the internal modulating frequency is 1000 Hz. EXT HI Indicates that .the external modulation signal is more than 2% above the nominal IV peak requirement for calibrated operati on. EXT LO Indicates that the external modulation signal is more than 2% below the nominal 1V peak input requirement. FREQUENCY DISPLAY FIELD A 9-digit display, with six indicators used to display the output frequency of the Generator. Also used to display the special function code, status error codes, or the memory Location being stored or recalled, as well as relative and actual frequency, when REL is lit, and step frequency. STEP Indicates that the STEP C''] or Cv3 keys (Step Entry) affect the output frequency. REL Indicates that the displayed frequency is relative to a reference frequency. COMP Indicates that the compensation memory protection switch on the A2 Controller PCA is set to the enabled position. FM Indicates that an FH compensation procedure is in progress OUT Indicates that an Output compensation procedure is in progress ATT Indicates that an Attenuator compensation procedure is in progress. ® AMPLITUDE DISPLAY FIELD A 3 1/2- (and sign) digit display, with six indicators, used to display the output amplitude of the Generator into a 50-ohm load. STEP Indicates that the STEP or Cv3 keys (Step Entry) affect the output amplitude. REL Indicates that the displayed amplitude is relative to a reference amplitude. dBm Indicates that the output amplitude is in decibels relative to one milliwatt. V Indicates that the output amplitude is in volts. uV Indicates that the output amplitude is in microvolts. mV Indicates that the output amplitude is in millivolts. ® STATUS DISPLAY FIELD The status display field is composed of 11 indicators used to denote the current status of the Generator or instrument entry. EXT REF Indicates that the rear panel REF switch is in the EXT (external) position.

REJ ENTRY Lights when an invalid entry is made. UNCAL Lights when a parameter entry is outside its specified range. This indicator flashes when any of the internal DAC's are over or under-flow or when any abnormal operation is detected. RF OFF Lights when the RF OUTPUT is disabled. REMOTE Lights when the Generator is in the remote ClEEE-488 interface) mode of operation. ADDR Lights when the Generator is addressed to Listen or talk. SRQ Lights when the Generator has asserted the IEEE-488 SRQ signal. © MODULATION ON/OFF Used to select type^ source^ and frequency of modulation. With the exception of the C400/1000T key^ these keys operate as independent push-on/push-off switches for the given function. Any combination is allowed. INT AM Erables internal amplitude modulation at the frequency annunciated by the 400/1000 Hz indicator. INT FM 0M Enables internal frequency modulation at the frequency annunciated by the 400/1000 Hz indicator. EXT AM Enables external amplitude modulation using the signal applied to the MOD INPUT connector. EXT FM 0M Enables external frequency modulation using the signal applied to the TOD INPUT connector. ext_TL Enables external pulse modulation using the signal applied to the PULSE MODULATION INPUT connector. 400/1000 Alternately sets the internal modulation oscillator's frequency to 400 or 1000 Hz, Selected frequency is displayed only when INT AM^ FM^ 0M, or internal pulse is enabled. © FUNCTION With the exception of the CSTEP] and CSPCL3 keys, these keys operate as interlocked switches that select the parameter to be entered or edited. For the CFREQ3, [AMPLD, CAM], and CFM] FUNCTION keys, the bright digit appears in the corresponding display of the selected function. FREQ Selects the frequency parameter of the Generator to be programmed by using the DATA, EDIT, or STEP entry keys. AMPL Selects the amplitude parameter of the Generator to be programmed by using the DATA, EDIT, or STEP entry keys. AM Selects the amplitude modulation CAM) parameter of the Generator to be programmed by using the DATA, EDIT, or STEP entry keys. FMjBM Selects the frequency modulation (FM), or phase modulation (0M) parameter of the Generator to be programmed by using the DATA, EDIT, or STEP entry keys.

Table 2-1. Front Panel Controls, Indicators, and Connectors (cont) SPCL Enables the special function mode. Special functions are called up by a two-digit code, that is entered by using the DATA keys. Refer to the paragraphs on Special Function in this section for a detailed description and a list of the special functions. STEP After one of the four parameter functions has been selected for programming, pressing this key allows you to program a step-wise change to that parameter. The step increase or decrease is then performed every time the STEP or Cv] keys are pressed. © DATA A ten-digit (plus sign and decimal key) keypad used for entering a parameter's value, the special function code, or a memory recall/store location. © Memory STO Used with the DATA keys to store the current instrument state in a memory location. Memory locations 01 through 50 are available. RCL Used with the DATA keys to recall an instrument state from a memory location. Memory locations 01 through 50 are available for operator-stored states; memory location 98 contains the Instrument Preset State (see Table 2-3.) SEG Sequentially recalls, in increasing location order, the instrument states stored in memory. While the CSEQ3 key is pressed, successive memory locations are displayed. When the key is released, the location Last displayed is recalled. © UNITS These keys, with the exception of CCLR/LCL], serve as the terminating keystroke of a function entry, thereby causing the Generator to be progranmed. The amplitude units keys are also used during Amplitude Units Conversion entries. MHz|V Used with the CFREQ3, CFM3, and CAMPLD function keys to program the numerical DATA entries in terms of megahertz (frequency or frequency modulation) or volts (amplitude). dB(tn) Used with the CAMPL] function key to program the numerical DATA entries in terms of decibels per milliwatt. kHz ImV Used with the CFREQ], EFM3, and CAMPL3 function keys to program the numerical DATA in terms of kilohertz (frequency or frequency modulation) or millivolts (amplitude) . % j rad Used with the CAM] function key to program the numerical DATA entries in terms of percentage AM depth. Also used with the CFMI0M3 function key to program the numerical DATA entries in terms of radians. HzluV Used with the CFREQ3, CFM3, and CAMPL3 function keys to program the numerical DATA in terms of hertz (frequency or frequency modulation) or microvolts (amplitude). CLRILCL When the Generator is in local operation, this key is used to clear the current entry and returns the Generator to the previous state. When the instrument is in remote operation, this key is used to return Local control. 2-8

STEP CvD @ edit t

the window on the selector card indicates the naninal line voltage to which the Generator must be connected. The line voltage is selected by orienting the selector card appropriately. A 1 1/2~ampere fuse is required for 100/120V operation and a 3/4-ampere fuse is required for 220/240V operation. REF INT/EXT Permits selection of the Generator frequency reference. When set to INT, the Generator operates on the internal reference, which is either the standard oscillator, the high“Stabil ity oscillator (if the Option -130 is installed) or the medium-stability oscillator (if the Option “132 is installed). In any case, the internal 10-Miz reference signal is available at the 10 MHZ OUT connector. When set to EXT, the Generator reference is the 10-MHz signal applied to the external REF IN connector. 10 MHZ IN/OUT Connector CBNC) provides the 10-Wz reference signal Connector (BNC) is present to accept a 1~, 2-, 2.5~, 5-, or 10~Wz, 0.3 to 4V p~p sine or square wave signal into nominally 50 ohms. MOD INPUT Connector (BNC) is present only with the Option accept a IV peak external modulation signal. TOD INPUT Connector (BNC) is present only with the Option -830 to

FUNCTION SETTING Frequency Frequency Step Amplitude Amplitude Step Modulation Rate AM Depth AM Depth Step ..... FM Deviation without/with Option -651 . . . FM Deviation Step without/with Option -651 . Modulation Display Bright-Digit Location Frequency Bright-Digit Position Amplitude Bright-Digit Position AM Bright-Digit Position FM Bright-Digit Position without/with Option Special Functions INT AM EXT AM INT FM EXT FM EXT PULSE Step Function 300.00000 MHz 1 ,00000 MHz . . -10,0 dBm 1 dB , . . 1000 Hz 30% .... 1 % II*.!!’.".!!! *5!o/. 5 kHz 100/10 Hz AM Depth . . . . Frequency Bright Digit 1 MH z , 1 dBm 1 % -651 10/1 Hz . . . . 20,30,40^50,60,70,80,90 Off . . Off . ... Off ........ Off Off ... Frequency Step The command syntax for function entries is: Select Function — Enter Data — Select Unit 1. Select one of the four parameters using the FUNCTION keys. The bright digit appears in the corresponding display field. The presence of the bright digit in the display field indicates that the value of the selected parameter is ready to be programmed or changed. 2. Enter the numeric data with the DATA keys. The numerics appear in the appropriate display field. 3. Select a UNITS key. This gives the data its absolute value and causes the microprocessor to internally program the Generator to the new state. For the amplitude and frequency functions, the entered data programs the displayed value. If the relative mode is enabled, the displayedvalue may be different from the actual output value. Once a function is selected, the selected parameter or feature remains in the active programming mode until a new function is selected. Data for a selected parameter must be followed by a unit value and must be within the range specified for the function. The display field flashes, and the REJ ENTRY status indicator flashes if the entered data is not within the specified range. A rejected entry does not affect the output of the Generator. The output of the Generator remains at its previous values until a new value is accepted. The function entry may be terminated at any time by the [CLRl LCL] key or by selecting another function. 2-14. BRIGHT-DIGIT EDIT ENTRY Changing an instrument parameter by the bright-digit edit entry method is the fastest way to make vernier (incremental) changes to one of the four parameters. The EDIT keys are used

field and then increase or decrease the bright-digit value. The command syntax for bright-digit edit entries is: Select Display Field - Position Bright Digit — Change Bright-Digit Value 1. Use one of the four FUNCTION keys to position the bright digit in the appropriate display field. 2. Use the [->] or [— ] EDIT keys to position the bright digit to the desired resolution, and use the [t] or [|] EDIT keys to increase or decrease the value of the bright digit. The position of the bright digit within a display field is maintained when the bright digit is moved from one display field to another and then back to the original display field. The repeat rate of the [|] or [i] EDIT keys may be changed to a faster or slower rate (a medium repeat rate is the default) with a special function code (see Table 2-4). Refer to the paragraphs on Special Function later in this section for the method and code. 2-15. STEP ENTRY Changing parameters by the step entry method allows the operator to preset stepwise increments of a parameter, then change that parameter (by the amount programmed in the step function) with a single keystroke. The command syntax for step entries is: Select Step Function — Enter Data — Select Units — Change Parameter 1. Select the parameter to be changed stepwise using one of the FUNCTION keys followed by the [STEP] key to enable the step function. 2. Program the numeric step amount using the DATA keys. 3. Select a UNIT key to give the data its absolute value. 4. The parameter value can now be changed by increments of the programmed step amount by using the [f] or [|j STEP keys. While the [STEP] key is pressed, the display field of the selected parameter shows the step amount. The STEP indicator is lit in the display field currently affected by the [STEP] key. The repeat rate of the [t] or [|] STEP keys may be changed to a faster or slower rate (a medium repeat rate is the default) with a Special Function code. Refer to the paragraphs on Special Functions for the method and code. A step entry is ignored when the result of that step entry would cause the value of the parameter to exceed its programmable limit. The [STATUS] key allows the operator to interrogate the Generator for an explanation of uncalibrated or rejected entry operation (UNCAL or REJ ENTRY indicator is lit). Refer to the paragraphs on Status and Clear Entry later in this section for a complete list of status codes.

07 Set SRQ. 08 Reset SRQ. 09 Display software revision level. Information appears in the MODULATION and FREQUENCY display fields for 5 seconds or until another key is pressed. 10 Display IEEE-488 mode and address 11 Display self-test results. Zeros in the display fields indicate that the self tests have passed. See Section 4. 12 Turn on displays. 13 Turn off all displays. ALL other functions still operate. 14 Initialize memory Locations to instrument Preset State. Sto ? appears in the FREQUENCY display field for 5 seconds. If during this time, the CST03 key is Pressed, all memory Locations are initialized. 15 Latch test. See Section 4. 16 Display option loading. See Interrogate Commands in this section. 17 Initiate self test with RF on. See Section 4. 20 Disable Relative Frequency. See Relative Function in this section. 21 Enable Relative Frequency. See Relative Function in this section. 30 Disable Relative Amplitude. See Relative Function in this section. 31 Erable Relative Amplitude. See Relative Function in this section. 40 Disable Internal Pulse Modulation. See Modulation Entry in this section 41 Enable Internal Pulse Modulation. See Modulation Entry in this section 50 Select dBm Amplitude Display Mode. See Amplitude Units Selection in this section. 51 Select dBmV Amplitude Display Mode. See Amplitude Units Selection in this section. 52 Select dBuV Amplitude Display Mode. See Amplitude Units Selection in this section. 60 Disable DC AM mode. See Modulation Entry in this section. 61 Enable DC AM mode. See Modulation Entry in this section. 70 Set repeat rate for EDIT and STEP keys to medium. 71 Set repeat rate for EDIT and STEP keys to fast. 72 Set repeat rate for EDIT and STEP keys to slow. 75 Display Compensation Memory status. See Section 4. 76 Repair Compensation Memory Errors. See Section 4. 77 Load FM MEC PROM data into Compensation Memory. See Section 4 78 Load Output MEC PROM data into Compensation Memory. See section 4. 79 Load Attenuator MEC PROM data into Compensation Memory. See section 4. 80 Enable Amplitude correction. Normal operation. 81 Disable Amplitude correction. RF output Level may be up to 12 dB low. 82 Disable attenuator correction. Useful as a troubleshooting tool. RF input to attenuator is flat. 83 Program alternate 24 dB attenuation. See Section 4. 84 Program alternate 24 dB attenuation. See Section 4. 85 Program alternate 24 dB attenuation. See Section 4. 86 Program alternate 24 dB attenuation. See Section 4. 90 Disable Amplitude Fixed Range. See Amplitude Fixed Range in this section- 91 Enable Amplitude Fixed Range. See topLitude Fixed Range in this section. 95 Initiate FM Keyboard Compensation Procedure. See Section 4E. 96 Initiate Output Keyboard Compensation Procedure. See Section 4E. 97 Initiate Attenuator Keyboard Compensation Procedure. See Section 4E. 98 Initiate Output with Default Attenuator Data Keyboard Compensation Procedure, See Section 4E.

ENTRY indicator. 2-17. RF Output On/Off The RF OUTPUT [ON/ OFF] key allows the operator to enable or disable the RF output of the Generator. This feature is useful in zeroing a power meter, finding the noise floor of a system, or determining the presence or source of an unknown signal. At power-on, the RF output of the Generator assumes the state it was in when the Generator was turned off. Pressing the RF OUTPUT [ON/ OFF] key disables the output of the Generator and causes the RF OFF indicator (in the STATUS display field) to light. If the RF ON/ OFF was off at power-on, pressing the [ON/ OFF] key will enable output. 2-18. Modulation On/Off and Rate The MODULATION ON/ OFF keys allow the operator to select any combination of modulation or no modulation. The MODULATION display field indicates what combination of modulation has been selected. Each modulation key is a push-on push-off type (except the [400/ 1000] key). The [400/ 1000] key toggles the internal modulation oscillator between 400 and 1000 Hz. The 400 Hz and 1000 Hz indicators are lit only when Internal AM, FM, <^M, or Pulse modulation is enabled. 2”19. Memory Memory entry using the [STO] key allows the operator to save up to 50 complete front panel settings for later recall. No memory location needs to be specified for the sequence operation. The command syntax for memory entries is: Select Memory Function — Enter Memory Location 1. Store the current front panel setting by pressing the [STO] key (located below the DATA keys). The last memory location stored or recalled is displayed in the FREQUENCY display field. 2 . Use the DATA keys to enter the two-digit memory location code. The location code must contain both digits (e.g., 01 , 02 , ... 50 ). The two-digit code appears in the FREQUENCY display field as it is entered. 3. Recall a front panel setting by pressing the [RCL] key (located below the DATA keys). The last memory location stored or recalled is displayed in the FREQUENCY display field. 4. Use the DATA keys to enter the memory location code of the desired front panel setting. Remember, the location code must contain both digits of the memory location code. Memory location 98 contains the Instrument Preset State that can be recalled at any time.

This process is activated by pressing the [SEQ] key at any time. When the [SEQ] key is pressed, the memory location code of the currently recalled setting appears in the FREQUENCY display field, and the location is recalled. When the last memory location is reached (50), the [SEQ] key starts over at 01. The [SEQ] key repeats while pressed. 2-20. Software Compensation Procedures The software compensation procedures allow the operator to update the instrument-specific compensation data after making related repairs. These procedures are easy to use and may be performed via the front panel (local) or under computer control (remote) through the IEEE-488 Interface. The local procedures enable secondary functions for many of the keys. Each remote procedure enables a special set of compensation commands and disallows much of the standard IEEE-488 command set. See Section 4E, Software Compensation Procedures, for details. 2-21. Special Function Special function entries allow the operator to enable several special operating functions in the Generator. For example, special functions allow the operator to change the repeat rate of the STEP and EDIT keys, start the self tests, display the results of the power-on self tests, display the IEEE-488 addresU enable relative and fixed-range features, and disable or enable special attenuation features. A complete list of the special functions available is presented in Table 2-4. The command syntax for special function entries is: Select Special Function — Enter Special Function Code 1. Select the special function by pressing the [SPCL] key. 2. The special function code is entered using the DATA keys. 2-22. LOCAL AND REMOTE CONTROL OPERATIONS The following paragraphs describe local and remote operations that have similar entry methods for each Generator function. The functions are arranged in alphabetical order. The syntax of the command and allowable data ranges are for each function. Other information is also presented. 2-23. Amplitude and Frequency Entry The following information describes how to control the carrier frequency and amplitude by the FUNCTION-DATA-UNIT entry sequence. This method applies to both normal and relative operations. The frequency display is a fixed-point display in MHz,. The amplitude display is fixed point while displaying dBm but is Boating point when displaying voltage units. The RF OUTPUT [ON/ OFF] must be enabled for the Generator to produce an output. (See the reference material on RF OUTPUT ON/OFF Entry.) Command Syntax: Select Function — Enter Data Select Unit

10/20 Hz 1/2,3 Remote; "FR" float — "GZ” 'MZ“ "KZ" "HZ" 0.1 to 2100 MHz 10/20 Hz 1/2/4 Set Amplitude Local : campl: — DATA — IdBimn CMHzjV] CkHz|mV3 CHzjuV] -137 to +13/16 dBm 0.032 uV to 1-41/1.58 0.1 dBm V 3 digits 3,5,6 Remote: "AP" float — "DB" -V" -137 to +13/16 dBm 0.032 uV to 1.41/1.58 0.1 dBm V 3 digits 4,5,6 ”|viv'' "UV" "NV" Example: Set Frequency to 10.7 MHz and Amplitude to -7.5 dBm. Local: [FREQ] U1 C03 L.l Z71 LMHzjV] CAMPL: L-1 L71 L.I Z51 LdBOn): Remote: "FR10.7MZ^AP-7.5DB" Notes: 1. Frequency ranging occurs at 245, 512, and 1050 MHz. 2. Frequency may be programmed with 10 Hz resolution when frequency <1050 MHz, and with 20 Hz resolution when frequency >1050 MHz. 3. FUNCTION ([FREQ] or [AMPL]) remains selected until another FUNCTION or [STEP], [STO], [RCL], or [SPCL] is pressed. 4. Floating-point number is indicated by the word float. 5. Amplitude uncaiibrated range from -147.4 to -137.1 dBm. Also uncalibraled from + 16.1 to +17 dBm when frequency <1050 MHz, and from +13.1 to +17 dBm when frequency >1050 MHz. 6. Amplitude ranging occurs at 1/2V, 1/4V, 1/8V, ... 1/2^^V with AM off and 1/4V, 1/8V, 1/16V, ... 1/2^'V with AM on.

Amplitude Units Conversion Amplitude Units Selection Bright-Digit Edit Entry Relative Function Step Entry 2-24. Amplitude Fixed Range The following information describes how to use the Fixed-Range special function. This special function fixes the current amplitude range (holds the currently selected step of the Step Attenuator). This function allows monotonic and nontransient level control over a limited range around those levels where the Step Attenuator normally autoranges. This level control may be accomplished with the Bright-Digit Edit Entry only. The level vernier in fixed range has at least 1 8 dB of range (the specified accuracy range is 1 dB). Command Syntax: Select Fixed Range - Enable or Disable Summary: COMMAND NOTES Enable Fixed Range Local: CSPCLD C9: — C13 1 Remote: "SP" "9" -- ”1” Disable Fixed Range Local: CSPCL: 1193 tOl 2 Remote: "SP" "9" -- "0" Example: Set the Generator for monotonic and nontransient amplitude control (Bright-Digit Edit only) over the range of the vernier level control below 0.25V. Local: [AMPLD C.3 121 tSl CMHzjVJ CSPCL3 191 Cl] Remote: "AP.25V^ SP91 Notes: 1 The amplitude range is fixed only for Bright-Digit Edit operations. Other methods of changing the amplitude cause the step attenuator to autorange if necessary. 2. With amplitude fixed range disabled, amplitude ranging occurs at 1 / 2V, 1 / 4V, 1 / 8V, ... !/2'^V with AM off and 1/4V, 1/8V, 1/16V,... 1/2^'V with AM on.

Relative Function 2-25. Amplitude Units Conversion The following information describes how to convert the displayed amplitude level from dBm to volts and from volts to dBm. The output of the Generator does not change during these operations. Command Syntax; Select Amplitude Function — Select Unit Summary: COMMAND Convert dBm to volts: Local: CAMPL3 -- CMHz|V3 CkHzlmV] CHzluV3 Remote; "AP" — "V" "MV" "UV" "NV" Convert volts to dBm: Local: LAHPL: — CdBCm)] Remote: "AP" — "DB" NOTE 1 1 Example: Change the displayed amplitude of -10.0 dBm to its voltage equivalent. Local; CAMPL3 CMHzjV] Remote: "APV" Note: 1 . Any voltage unit is accepted since the microprocessor automatically selects the units appropriate for the value being displayed. Related Operations: Relative Function Amplitude Units Selection

The following information describes how to select the alternate level display units. When the level is displayed as a dB quantity, units of dBm, dBmV or dB/iV may be selected by special function. Entering the special function code converts the displayed quantity to the selected units but does not change the output of the Generator. Command Syntax: Select Amplitude Units — Select Unit Summary: COMMAND NOTE Select dBm Display Units Local: CSPCL3 LSI — IQl Remote: "SP" "S'* — "0" Select dBmV Display Units Local: CSPCLJ LSI — 111 Remote: "SP" "5" — "1" Select dBuV Display Units Local: :SPCL3 LSI — L21 Remote: "SP" "5" — "2" 2-27. Bright-Digit Edit Entry The following information describes how to use a Bright-Digit Edit Entry to change an instrument parameter. The output frequency, amplitude, and modulation indexes can be modified with this entry method. The RF OUTPUT [ON/OFF] must be enabled for the Generator to produce an output. (See the reference material on RF OUTPUT [ON/ OFF] Entry.) Command Syntax: Select Display Field — Position Bright Digit — Change Bright-Digit Value Summary: COMMAND NOTES Edit Frequency Local: EFREQD — EDIT L<1/L>1 ~~ EDIT L^l/Lvl 1,2 Remote: "FB" — float "GZ" — "KF" float 3,4,5 "MZ" "KZ" "HZ" 2-19

C<3/C>3 •— EDIT :^]/Cv3 1,2 Remote: "AB" float "D8" "V" "MV” "UV" "NV" — "KA" float 3,4,5 Edit FM/0M Deviation Local; CFM10M3 -•- EDIT C<3/[>3 -- EDIT :^3/Cv3 1,2 Remote: “DB" float "GZ" "MZ" "KZ” "HZ" "RD" — "KD" float 3,4,5 Edit AM Depth Local; CAM3 EDIT i:<3/C>3 - EDIT C''3/Cv3 1,2 Remote: "PB" float "PC" — "KP" float 3,4,5 Example !: Edit the displayed amplitude of 9.7 to 10.0 dBm. Local; Put the bright digit in the amplitude display by pressing EAMPLJ . Select the least significant digit in that display by pressing EDIT 03 until the bright digit is on that digit. Increase the value of that digit by pressing EDIT C''] three times. Remote: "AB.1DB,KA3" Example 2: Edit the displayed FM Deviation from 5.0 to 3.0 kHz. Local; Put the bright digit in the FM display by pressing CFM3. Select the 1-kHz digit by pressing the EDIT 03 or EDIT C<3 until the bright digit is on that digit. Decrease the value of that digit by pressing EDIT CvD twi ce. Remote: "DB1KZ,KD-2" Notes: 1. The bright-digit field remains selected until another display field is selected. 2. The bright-digit position is maintained for each of the four functions so that the bright digit can be moved from one display to another and back without losing its position in the previous display field. 2-20 Floating-point number is indicated by the word float.

associated unit. Minus signs are ignored. 5. in remote, the bright digit is moved to the corresponding field and is increased or decreased by the signed integer following the “iCF,KA,KD,KP” messages. The generic edit command “KB” may also be used to edit up or down the current bright-digit position. Positive integers do not require a sign. Related Operations: Relative Function Amplitude Fixed Range 2-28. Memory Entry The following information describes how to use the memory function to store and recall front panel settings. The Generator has 50 memory locations that are retained for 2 years with the power off. The sequence feature allows the operator to recall successive memory locations. Command Syntax; Select Memory Function — Enter Memory Location Summary: COMMAND NOTES Store Local : [ST03 -- Cn3 Cn3 1,2,3 Remote : "ST" -- int 1,4 Reca 1 Local ; CRCL3 '- En3 Cn3 1,2,3 Remote : "RC" -— int 1,4 Sequence Local : [SEQ3 5,6 Remote; SQ" 5 Example: Recall the Instrument Preset State (located in memory location 98). Change the frequency parameter to 302 MHz, then store the new front panel setting in memory location 06. Local: CRCU [93 C83 EDIT C^3 C^3 CST03 101 161 Remote: ''RC98,KF2,ST6"

following special memory locations are available: Memory location 00 contains a backup-memory location. After a recall {or sequence) operation it contains the last front panel setting. After a store operation, it contains the data in the stored memory location before the store operation. Thus, a recall operation can be reversed by recalling location 00. Memory location 98 contains the Instrument Preset State. Memory location 99 contains the present instrument state. 2. In local control, two data digits must be entered to specify the memory location. The recall or store is performed when the second digit is released. 3. The last memory location specified (used for sequence operations) is displayed while the [STOJ or [RCL] button is pressed. 4. An unsigned integer is indicated with int. 5. The sequence operation recalls the next higher memory location, starting from the last memory location stored or recalled. No memory location needs to be specified. When the highest location is reached, the sequence starts over again at location 01. 6. While [SEQ] is pressed, the next memory location number is displayed and the memory location is recalled. This key is repeating. 2-29. Modulation Entry The following information describes how to preset the modulation index (AM depth or FM/^M deviation), internal modulation rate (400 or 1000 Hz), and how to select the modulation source (internal and/or external). The FUNCTION-DATA-UNIT method of selecting the modulation index is summarized in the following command syntax. The indices may also be modified using Bright-Digit Edit or Step Entry. Since there is only one modulation display, the modulation index displayed is determined by the last modulation FUNCTION key pressed. Command Syntax: Select Function — Enter Data — Select Unit Summary: COMMAND RANGE RESOLUTION NOTES AM Depth Local : imi -- DATA “ C%3 0 to 99% 1% 1,2 Remote : "AM" — float — "PC" 0 to 99% 1% 1,2,3 Set FM Deviation

Remote: ”FM" — float — ”GZ" 0 to 400 kHz 3 digits 1^3,4, 5 "MZ” "KZ" "HZ" "RD" 0 to 40.0 rad 3 digits Summary: COMMAND NOTES Select Modulation Rate Local: [400/1000D 6 Remote: "MR" "0" or "1" 7 Summary: COMMAND NOTES Enable or Disable AM, DCAM, FM/0M or Pulse Modulation Local: CINT AM] 8,9 CINT FM 0M] CEXT AM] CEXT FM 0M] CEXTJI.] CSPCL] C4] -- CO] or Cl] 10 CSPCL] C6] — CO] or Cl] 11 Remote: "Al" "0" or "1" 12 "FI" "0" or ”1" "AE" "0" or ”1" "FE" "0" or "1" "PE" "0" or "1" "PI" "0" or "1" "DA" "0" or "1" Example: Set the FM deviation to 5 kHz, set the modulation rate to 400 Hz, and modulate the carrier internally. 10,12 11,12 Local; CFM|0M] C5] CkHz] CINT FM] C400/1000] Remote: ”FM5KZ,MR0,FI1

Notes; 1. This operation does not change the Generator output unless the corresponding modulation is enabled. 2. Uncalibrated if peak amplitude exceeds +16 dBm when frequency <1050 MHz, or +13 dBm when frequency ^1050 MHz. 3. Floating-point number is indicated with the word float. 4. Uncalibrated if FM is enabled and FM deviation is above (frequency -150 kHz). 5. The maximum FM deviation is dependent on the output frequency. Deviations up to 400 kHz or 40.0 radians may be entered regardless of the output frequency; however, the UNCAL indicator is flashed if the limits specified in Table 4D-14 are exceeded. The maximum deviations are reduced to 40.0 kHz and 4.00 rad if the low-rate FM option is installed. 6. Toggles between 400 or 1000 Hz only. An indicator shows selected rate only if internal modulation is on. 7. "0” selects a modulation rate of 400 Hz; “1” selects 1000 Hz. 8. These are ON/ OFF operations; any combination is allowed. 9. Two indicators EXT HI and EXT LO are lit when external AM or FM is on to indicate that the external modulation signal is 2% above or 2% below the nominal 1 peak input requirement. 10. Internal pulse modulation can be enabled by special -function or by the alternate IEEE-488 command “PI”. It can be enabled with any combination of the above modulations. 11. The dc coupled AM mode can be enabled by special function or by the alternate IEEE-488 command “DA”. The dc coupled AM mode works in conjunction with External AM and only affects the output of the Generator if External AM is also enabled. 12. “0” turns the modulation source off; “I” turns it on. Related Operations: Bright-Digit Edit Entry Step Entry 2-30. Relative Function The following paragraphs describe how to change frequency and amplitude using the relative mode. There are two steps; 1 Setting the reference 2 Changing the parameter relative to that reference 2-24

relative mode for that parameter. This causes the REL indicator to light and the displayed value to be zero in the corresponding display. The Generator output does not change during these operations. In the relative mode, the usual means of changing the parameter may be used; i.e,, Function, Step, or Bright-Digit Edit Entry. In the relative frequency mode, the actual frequency is the sum of the reference and the displayed frequency. The actual frequency may be displayed by pressing the [FREQ] key. If the 10/ 20 Hz frequency resolution boundary is crossed using the step or edit functions while in the relative frequency mode, a 10-Hz rounding quantity may be applied to the displayed frequency. In the relative amplitude mode, the actual amplitude is the sum of the reference and the displayed amplitude when the reference and the displayed quantities have the same units. However, with mixed units (volts and dB), the actual amplitude is the voltage value scaled by the dB value. The actual amplitude may be displayed by pressing the [AMPL] key. Command Syntax: Select Relative Function — Enable or Disable Summary: COMMAND NOTE Frequency Local: CSPCL3 ZZl — CO] or C13 1 Remote: "SP” ”2" — "0" or "1” 1 Amplitude Local: CSPCL3 C33 — C03 or C13 1 Remote: "SP" ”3" — "0" or "1" 1 Example: Set the amplitude to -15 dBV; i.e., 15 dB below 1 volt. Local: CAMPL3 C13 CMHzlW CSPCL3 C33 C13 CAMPL3 C“3 C13 C53 CdB(m)3 Remote; "AP1V^SP31,AP“15D8" Note: 1. I enables the relative function; 0 disables the relative function. Related Operations: Amplitude and Frequency Entry Bright-Digit Edit Entry Step Entry

OUTPUT [ON/OFF] key and the corresponding remote code. Command Syntax: RF Output On/ Off Summary: COMMAND NOTE RF Output On Local: RF OUTPUT CON/OFF3 when RF OFF is on 1 Remote: "R01" 1 RF Output Off Local: RF OUTPUT CON/OFF3 when RF OFF is off Remote: "ROD" Note: 1. Turning the RF Output on resets the RPP circuitry if it has tripped. 2-32. Special Function Entry The following information describes how to use the Special Function Entry to use the special operating functions of the Signal Generator. Table 2-4 lists the special functions available. The special function code is a two-digit number. The first digit indicates the classification of the special function, and the second digit specifies the particular special function. The special function is executed when the second special function code digit is entered. There are ten classes of special functions. The special functions in the 0(n) and l(n) class cause an action to be performed. Classes 2(n) through 9(n) cause an instrument state to change. The status of classes 2{n) through 9(n) appears (left to right) in the frequency display field when the [SPCL] key is pressed. Table 2-4 describes the special functions available with the Generator. Command Syntax: Select Special Function — Enter Special Function Code COMMAND NOTE Local: CSPCL3 — Inl Cn3 Remote: "SP” — int 1 Example; Change the repeat rate of the EDIT and STEP keys to slow.

Related Operations: Fixed Range Relative Function 2-33. Status and Clear Entry The status entry allows the operator to interrogate the Generator for an explanation of either uncalibrated operation (UNCAL indicator is lit) or rejected entry operation (the REJ ENTRY indicator in lit). When either the UNCAL or REJ ENTRY indicator is lit, press and hold the [STATUS] k.ey to display the Uncalibrated or Rejected Entry Error Code Message. These messages provide detailed information on the nature of the uncalibrated or rejected entry condition. Table 2-5 contains a list and explanation of all the Uncalibraled Error Code Messages. Table 2-6 contains a list and explanation of all the rejected entry error code messages. The [CLR I LCL] key may be used to clear a partial DATA entry or clear the flashing REJ ENTRY indicator. Press the [STATUS] key while an UNCAL indication exists to display the uncal error codes in three fields: Flashing codes (denoted by *) indicate abnormal operation or aberrated output. Non-flashing codes indicate operation outside the specified range. Press the [STATUS] key while the REJ ENTRY indication exists to display the reject entry error codes; The following information describes how to use the step entry function to change an instrument parameter. The RF OUTPUT [ON/ OFF] must be enabled for the Generator to produce an output. (See the RF OUTPUT [ON/ OFF] Entry information covered earlier in this section.) Command Syntax: Select Step Function — Enter Data — Select Units — Change Parameter Summary: COMMAND RANGE RESOLUTION NOTES Frequency CFREQ3i;STEP3--DATA — CMHz|V3 —STEP C'^3/:v3 CkHzlmV3 CHz|uV3 0 to 2100 MHz 10 Hz 2 Local :

"MZ" "KZ" "HZ" 0 to 2100 MHz 10 Hz 1,2 Amplitude Local: CAMPL] CSTEPJ— DATA — CdB(m)3 — STEP C''3/Cv3 CMHzlV] [kHz jfnVJ CHzluvJ 0 to 164 dB 0.1 dB 0 nV to 1999 V 3 digits Remote: "LS" — float— "DB" —"LU'V'LD" -V" -MV'* "UV" "NV" 0 to 164 dB 0.1 dB 1,2 0 nV to 1999V 3 digits 1,2 FM/0M deviation Local: CFH 10MO CSTEP3 —DATA — CHHzjVJ — STEP C^T/Cv] CkHzImV] LHzjuV] LX i radj 0 to 400 kHz 3 digits 3 0 to 40.0 rad 3 digits Remote; "DS" — float— "6Z" —"DU'V'DD" "MZ" "KZ" "HZ" "RD" 0 to 400 kHz 3 digits 1,2,3 0 to 40-0 rad 3 digits AM depth Local: CAM3CSTEP3 —DATA — U3 — STEP L^l/tyl 0 to 99% 1% Remote; "PS" —float—"PC" —''pu'V'pD" 0 to 99% 1% 1,2 Example: Recall the Instrument Preset State: [RCL] [9] [8]. Step the displayed frequency of 300 MHz, in 10-MHz steps, to 270 MHz. Local: CFREQ] [STEPJ [13 C03 CMHzjVT CvT Cv3 Cv3STEP Remote: "FS1 OMZ, FO, FD, FD" Notes: 1. Floating-point number is indicated with the word float. 2-28

CODE DESCRIPTION 000 000 000 = No UNCAL conditions 002 000 000 =: FM Dev/0M > (freq -150 kHz) *004 000 000 = Excess FM Dev/0M, main or reference PLL unlocked *010 000 000 = FM DAC at full scale 200 000 000 Multiple COMP memory checksum errors. See Compensation Memory Status in Section 2. *000 010 000 = Main or reference PLL unlocked 000 000 001 s Level vernier > 12 dB below bottom of range 000 000 002 - Peak amplitude > +16 dBm for freq < 1050 FWz or > +13 dBm for freq >= 1050 MHz *000 000 004 a Amplitude unleveled *000 000 010 a Fixed-range level vernier at 0 *000 000 020 s Fixed-range Level vernier at full scale *000 000 040 - RPP tripped 000 000 100 a Level < -137 dBm 000 000 200 = Level correction disabled *000 000 400 = RF off Flashing codes (denoted by *) indicate abnormal operation or aberrated output . Non--flashing codes indicate operation outside specified range. Table 2-6. REJect ENTRY Codes CODE DESCRIPTION 000 000 000 = No rej ected entries 001 000 000 s: FM Oev/0M not between 0 and 400 kHz (40.0 kHz with Option -651) 002 000 000 = FM Dev/0M Step not between 0 and 400 kHz (40.0 kHz with Option -651) 004 000 000 AM Depth not between 0 and 99% 010 000 000 AM Depth Step not between 0 and 99% 020 000 000 = IEEE-488 command syntax error 040 000 000 IEEE-488 input value out of range 100 000 000 = MEC compensation PROM error 200 000 000 = IEEE edit or step operation beyond allowed range 400 000 000 = Invalid frequency in COMP memory 000 001 000 = Frequency not between 100 kHz and 2100 Miz 000 002 000 = COMP switch not enabled or low-rate FM option not disabled 000 004 000 = Frequency Step not between 0 and 2100 MHz 000 010 000 = COMP data may not be stored if procedure incomplete 000 020 000 = Invalid compensation command 000 040 OOQ = Invalid memory location 000 100 000 = Invalid data in memory 000 200 000 8 Special function not allowed 000 400 OQO = COMP data range error 000 000 001 B ,Output amplitude not between 10 nV and 1.58V 000 000 002 B Insufficient resolution for units conversion 000 000 004 = Units conversion to volts not allowed with reference in volts 000 000 010 s Units conversion to dB not allowed with reference in volts 000 000 020 s Amplitude Step not between 0 and 164 dB or 0 and 1999V 000 000 040 = Units conversion of A^npLitude or FM/0M Step not allowed 000 000 100 = Amplitude or FM/0M step and current display not in same units 000 000 200 s COMP data from IEEE-488 out of range or edit beyond COMP limits 000 000 400 a Internal compensation data transfer error 2. Entering the step size from IEEE-488 does not select the step function. For example, “FS 10MZ”does not select the step function; “FD” or “FU”must be used to select the frequency step function. The generic step up/down commands “SU” and “SD”may be used to step the current step function. 3. If the Low-Rate FM option is installed, the range of FM deviation steps is 0 to 40.0 kHz, and the range of 0M deviation steps is 0 to 4.00 rad.

Related Operations; Relative Function 2-35. REMOTE OPERATION (IEEE-488 INTERFACE) The following paragraphs describe how to operate the Generator using the IEEE-488 Interface (referred to as remote operation). The interface allows the operator to program the Generator and operate instrument functions via the IEEE-488 bus (with the exception of the front panel POWER switch and the rear panel REF INT/EXT switch). The IEEE-488 Interface also provides additional programming features not accessible from the front panel. The rest of this section is divided into two parts: the first part describes how to set up the Generator for operation on the IEEE-488 bus and gives some ty pical programming examples. The first part also includes a complete list of the programming commands recognized by the Generator software. The second part describes the implementation of the IEEE-488 Interface and programming features that are accessible only from the IEEE-488 Interface. The second part also includes typical timing data, provided as an aid to system programmers. This information can assist in writing programs that have greater speed and efficiency. The Generator can be used with any IEEE-488 controller in the normal addressed mode. The following two additional modes are available for operation without a controller: Listen-only mode Talk-only mode In the listen-only mode, the Generator responds to all data messages on the IEEE-488 bus. In the talk-only mode, the Generator sends commands on the IEEE-488 bus to program another 606xA Generator (or a 607xA with some restrictions). 2-36. Setting Up the IEEE-488 Interface Figure 2-5 shows a 6062A Signal Generator connected to a 1722A via the IEEE-488 bus. Use the following procedure to set up the Generator with the IEEE-488 Interface: 1 . Connect a standard IEEE-488 cable between the Generator and the IEEE-488 device. NOTE The IEEE-488 Interface signal SHIELD (pin 12) can be disconnected (when using an IEEE-488 cable without a metallic hood)from instrument ground. To do this, use the left most address switch (as viewedfrom the rear panel). Figure 2-5. 6082A Synthesized RF Signal Generator Connected to a 1722A 2-30

a. Set both the LISTEN ONLY and TALK ONLY switches (located on the rear panel of the Generator) to 0 (down). Set switches al through a5 to the desired address 0 through 30. For example, for an address of 1 , set switches a2, a3, a4, and a5 to 0 (down), and set switch al to 1 (up). b. For talk-only operation, set the TALK ONLY switch to 1 (up), c. For listen-only operation, set the LISTEN ONLY switch to i (up) and set the TALK ONLY switch to 0 (down). 3. Verify the address and mode: a. Press the [SPCL] and the [1] [0] keys. Verify that the selected address appears in decimal in the FREQUENCY display field. b. If the talk-only mode or listen-only mode has been selected, “to” or “lo” appears to the left of the address in the FREQUENCY display field. NOTE The address switches are continuously monitored except when in remote. The TALK ONLY and LISTEN ONLY svcUches are only read when the Generator is powered on. 2-37. Programming Commands After the address and mode have been set, the Generator can be programmed by an IEEE-488 controller or from another generator. Tables 2-7 and 2-8 and the programming examples following them provide' the basic information on how to program the Generator. Table 2-7. Index of IEEE-488 Commands FUNCT ION COMMAND HEADERS Amplitude Entry AP, SP3x, RA ^ SP5x, SP8> , SP9x Binary Learn Commands LL LM Clear Commands ca. CE, CL Compensation Mode Commands CM Canpensation Procedure Commands CF, CP, ic. IH Edit Entry AB, DB, FB, PB, KB, KA, KD, KF, KP Frequency Entry SP2> . RF Interface Mode Commands EM, RM, TM, VM, UM, a Interrogate Commands lA, ID, IE, II, IL, 10, IR, IS, IT, lU, IV, IZ Hanory Entry RC, ST, SQ Modulation Entry AM, AE, Ai, SP6x , DA , FM , FE, FJ , MR , MF PE, SP4x , PI Monitor Commands IB, OB, OD, RB, RW, DW, WW, XA, X8, XD, XR RF ON/OFF Entry RO Special Function Entry SP SRQ Commands IM, SM, XF Step Entry FS, LS, PS, DS, SU, SD, FU, FD, LU, LD, PU, PD, DU, DD Trigger Commands CT, TR

Table 2-8. IEEE-488 Commands COMMAND COMMAND COMMENTS USE HEADER NUMERIC SUFFIX AMPLITUDE ENTRY Program AP f 1 oat Program displayed amplitude AmpLi tude in units of: V volts MV millivolts UV mi crovolts NV nanovoLts DB dB, dBm^ dBmV or dBuV Convert AP none Change amplitude units to; Amplitude V volts Units MV volts UV volts NV volts DB dB, dBm^ dBmV or dBuV Relative SP 30/31 none Disabie/enable relative Amplitude amplitude operation Relative RA 0/1 Alternate programming command Amplitude for disable/enable relative amplitude operation. Amplitude SP 50 none Select dBm units Di splay 51 Select dBmV units Units 52 Select dBuV units Level SP 80 none Enable all Level correction. Correction 81 Disable all level correction. 82 Disable attenuator correction. Amplitude SP 90/91 none Disabie/enable amplitude Fixed Range fixed-range operation. BINARY LEARN COMMANDS Store a LI int string The Generator stores the Front Panel string into the memory Setup Location specified by int. See the Command Description paragraph for decoding the Learn string. Send a LM int none The Generator responds with Front Panel the contents of the memory Setup Location specified by int. See the Ccxnmand Descriptions paragraph for decoding the learn string. CLEAR COMMANDS Clear IEEE- CB none none Clears IEEE-488 output 488 Output Buffer buffer. Clear error CE none none Clears the IEEE-488 rejected entry status. 2-32

CL none none Clears the instrument state Clear and exits all compensation procedures. COMPENSATION MODE COMMANDS Compensation CM none AT Begin Attenuator compensation Mode FM procedure. Begin FM compensation procedure. OD Begin Output with default attenuator compensation procedure. OT Begin Output compensation procedure. sv Save compensation data and exit compensation procedure. EX Exit compensation procedure without saving the data. COMPENSATION PROCEDURE COMMANDS Compensa ti on CF float G2 Accept FM deviation reading FM Entry MZ from modulation analyzer KZ during FM compensation HZ procedure. Compensati on CP float DB Accept amplitude reading from Ampl i tude power meter during level Entry compensati on procedure. Interrogate IC none FR Interrogate the frequency of Compensation the current compensation Step Data TG procedure step. Interrogate the target level or FM deviation of the current compensation procedure step. Interrogate IH none none Interrogate the frequency and Het Adjust- level offset necessary to make ment Data the het compensation adjustment. For example, "+00001 20000 .,+00000000 .30" indicates the adjustment should be made at 120 kHz and the Level needs to be adjusted up .3 dB. EDIT ENTRY Position AB float V Position the bright digit in Amplitude MV the AMPLITUDE display with Bright Digit uv the stated resolution. For NV example, enter "ABlOMV" for DB a 10-mV resolution. Position DB float GZ Position the bright digit in FM Bright MZ the FM display with the stated Digit KZ resolution. For example, enter HZ "DB1KZ" for a 1-kHz resolution. RD

Relati ve Frequency RF 0/1 none Alternate programming command for disable/enable relative frequency operation. j INTERFACE MODE COMMANDS Error Mode EM 0/1 none Disable/enable the clear error mode. If disabled, the IEEE-488 error status is cleared only when inter- rogated. If enabled, the error status is cleared when a new message is processed. Record Mode RM 0/1 none Disable/enable the record mode. If disabled, the message unit is a command. If enabled, a message unit is a record. The message unit is the smallest group of char- acters that the Generator processes.

1 Record Terminator Mode TM 0/1 none Selects the LF/CR character as the record terminator. The record terminator is used on input in the record mode and is sent following all output. Output Valid Mode VM 0/1 none Oi sable/enable the output valid mode. In the output valid mode/ the Generator waits to process commands until the RF output has become valid. Unbuffered Mode UM 0/1 none Di sa ble/enable the unbuffered mode. If disabled/ all input is buffered. If enabled, only one message unit is buffered. "a" Modes a int none The "a" command may be used as an alternate method of programming interface modes. INTERROGATE COMMANDS ! Interrogate Attenuator Counts lA none none The Generator responds with seven counts. Each count indicates the total number of actuations for one of the seven attenuator sections in the Generator, Instrument Identi f i- cati on ID none none The Generator responds with its model number, for example, "6062A". Elapsed T ime Indicator IE none none The Generator responds with the total operating time since the Generator was manufactured. Interface Modes II none none Interrogate the interface modes selected. The Generator responds with an unsigned integer. Interrogate Error Log IL none none The Generator responds with ten error Log entries. Each entry is an uncaL error code or a self test result and the elapsed time of when the error was Logged. Opt i on Loading 10 none none Interrogate the option Load- ing. The Generator re- sponds with the message: d1, d2, d3 d1 is the instrument code. d2 is the digital and synthesizer options. d3 is the output options. See the Interrogate Commands paragraphs for details.

Rej ected Entry IR none none Interrogates the rejected en- try error codes. The Generator responds with three octal fields: "AAAAAA, BBBB88, CCCCCC". See Table 2-6 for a list of rejected entry error codes. Serial Number IS none none Interrogates the instrument serial number. Self Test IT none none Interrogates the results of the self tests. The Generator responds with the self-test results. See paragra graph 4D-20 for self-test codes. UN CAL lU none none Interrogates the uncali- brated output error codes. The Generator responds with three octal fields: "AAAAAA, BBBBBB, CCCCCC”. See Table 2-5 for a list of uncal error codes. Software Version IV none none Interrogate the software ver- sion. The Generator responds with the status message; "Vxx.x" where x's are decimal digits representing the current software revision level. Compensation Memory Status 11 none none Interrogates the compensation memory status. The Generator Responds with three fields: "AAAAAA, BBBBBB, CCCCCC". See Table 4D-7 for a list of status codes. MEMORY ENTRY Recall RC int none Recall the front panel setup stored at the memory location specified by int. Store ST int none Store the current front panel setup at the memory location specified by int. Sequence SQ none none Sequence (recall) to the next higher memory location. MODULATION ENTRY | Program AM AM float PC Program AM depth in percent, | External AM AE 0/1 none Di sable/enable external AM Internal AH A1 0/1 none Disable/enable internal AM

Table 2-8. IEEE-488 Commands (cont) DC coupled AM SP 60/61 none Disable/enable DC coupled AM DC coupled DA 0/1 none Alternate programming command AM for disable/enable DC coupled AM operation Program FM FM float Program FM deviation in units of: GZ gigahertz M2 megahertz KZ kilohertz H2 hertz RD radians External FM FE 0/1 none Disable/enable external FM Internal FH FI 0/1 none Disable/enable internal FH Program MR 0/1 none Program modulation frequency Mod Freq to 400 Hz/1000 Hz. Program MF float Program modulation frequency Mod Freq in units of: GZ gi gahertz MZ megahertz KZ ki 1 cfiertz HZ hertz External PE 0/1 Di sable/enable external pulse Pul se modulation Internal SP 40/41 Disable/enable internal pulse 1 Pul se modulati on Interna 1 PI 0/1 Alternate programming command Pulse for disable/enable internal pulse modulation operation MONITOR COMMANDS Input Bit IB none BIT Respond with the value of the Desig- designated hardware bit. nator Output Bit 08 0/1 BIT Set the designated hardware Desig- bit to 0 or 1 . nator Output Dac OD int DAC Set the value of the desig- Desig- nated hardware DAC to the nator value specified by int. Read Byte RB int none Read the value of the ad- dressed byte. The Generator responds with an unsigned integer. Read Word RW int none Read the value of the ad- dressed word. The Generator responds with an unsigned integer. 2-37

specified with the define write address command. Write Word WW int none Write int into the address specified with the define write address command. Read XA none none Read the current attenua- Attenuati on tion. The Generator responds with an unsigned integer. Write X8 none none Change attenuation to 6dB Attenuation times the unsigned integer. The integer can be 0 to 23. Set XD float 6Z Set the frequency hardware Frequency MZ directly to the specified Di rect KZ synthesizer frequency. HZ RF Output 1 XR 0/1 none "XRO" programs alt attenuation. | "XR1” restores attenuation to ! its previous state. | RF ON/OFF ENTRY j I RF Output RO 0/1 none Turn RF output off/on. j SPECIAL FUNCTION ENTRY | Special SP 00 Clears all special functions Funct i ons 02 Initiates self test 03 Display check 04 Key check 07/08 Set/reset SRQ 09 Display S/W rev and instr ID 10 Display IEEE-488 address 11 Display self-test results 12/13 Turn on/off display 14 Initialize memory 15 Latch test 16 Display option Loading 17 Initiates self test with RF on 20/21 Disable/enable relative freq 30/31 Di sable/enable relative ampl 40/41 Disable/enable internal pulse 50 Select dBm ampl display units 51 Select dBmV »npl display units 52 Select dBuV ampl display units 60/61 Disable/enable DC AM 70 Medium key repeat rate 71 Fast key repeat rate 72 Slow key repeat rate 75 Display COMP memory status I 76 Repair COMP memory errors I __ 77-79 Copy MEC PROM data

Table 2-8. IEEE-488 Commands (cont) 80 Enable all level correction 81 Disable all level correction 82 Disable attenuator correction 83-86 Program alternate 24dB attens 90/91 Di sable/enable ampL fixed-rng 95-98 Local COMP procedures SRQ COMMANDS Interrogate IM none none Interrogate the SRQ mask. The SRQ Mask Generator responds with the decimal value of the SRQ mask. Set SRQ SM int none The SRQ mask is set to int. Local XF 0/1 none Disable/enable a mode to set Operation SRQ each time a local entry Alert Mode is made. This SRQ is enabled by setting the front panel bit in the SRQ mask. STEP ENTRY Program FS float Program frequency step size FREQ STEP in units of: Size GZ gigahertz MZ megahertz KZ ki 1 ohertz HZ hertz Program LS float Program amplitude step size AMPL STEP in units of: Size V volts MV mil livolts UV microvolts NV nanovolts DB dB Progran PS float PC Program AM step size in AM STEP Size pe rcent . Program DS float Program FM step size in units FM STEP of; Size GZ gigahertz HZ megahertz KZ ki 1 ohertz HZ hert 2 RD radians Step Up/Down SU/SD none none Step the currently selected step function up/down one step. Step Up/Down FU/FD none none Change the current step Frequency function to frequency and step frequency up/down one step. Step Up/Down Amplitude LU/LD none none Change the current step function to amplitude and step amplitude up/down one step.

Table 2-8. IEEE-488 Commands (cont) Step Up/Down AM PU/PD none none Change the current step function to AH and step AM up/down one step. Step Up/Down FM DU/DD none none Change the current step function to FM and step FM up/down one step. | TRIGGER COMMANDS Configure Trigger CT string none Configures the trigger. Each time a trigger command or a group execute trigger inter- face message is received, the Generator executes the string of commands. The string record must end with a record terminator. T rigger TR none none Trigger command. Equivalent to the group execute interface message. Upon processing the trigger command, the Generator executes the string, which has been preprogrammed with the configure trigger command. 1 More details about the commands can be found in two places. Commands that are available from the front panel are described earlier in this section (Local and Remote Operation). Those commands that are only available from the IEEE-488 Interface are described in the Command Descriptions paragraphs later in this section. Table 2-7 is an index for the IEEE-488 Commands used in Table 2-8. This index is a list of the command headers according to function. Table 2-8 lists all the remote commands that are recognized by the Generator. The commands are listed alphabetically by function. The following three examples show how to use the IEEE-488 bus and how to use a variety of controllers to program the Generator. In the first example, a Fluke 1722A Controller is used to program the Generator. In the second example, two Generators are configured to track each other in frequency. In the third example, a I722A is used to program the Generator with the frequency step up controlled by the trigger command. 2-39. PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE 1 Use the following procedure to program the Generator with a Fluke 1722A Instrument Controller to this state: Frequency Amplitude Modulation Freq FM Internal FM AM External AM 210 MHz 6 dBm 1000 Hz 5 kHz ON 15% ON 2-40

2. Set the address switch of the Generator as follows (as viewed from the rear of the instrument): 00000010 3. Enter the following program into the controller: 1 f Fluke 1722A BASIC program to control a 6062A. 2 ! The Addrees of the 6062A is 2. 3 « 2X 10 ! Clear the 6062A so that it is in a known state. 15 INIT PORT 0 20 REMOTE ©A7. \ CLEAR SAX iOO ! SET THE 6062A. no PRINT SAX, "FR2iOMZ,AP6DB,MRl,Fli5KZ,FIl, AlilSPC, AEl" 999 END 4. Run the program by typing on the controller “RUN (RETURN) The 6062A Synthesized RF Signal Generator can be connected to another signal generator in a master-slave configuration. In the following example, two generators are configured to track each other in frequency. This configuration may be used to track frequency, amplitude, AM, or EM. 1. Connect two signal generators together with an IEEE-488 cable. 2. Set the rear panel address switch of the first generator (talker) as follows: 00100000 Cycle the power of the first generator so the software will read the talk only switch. 3. Set the rear panel address switch of the second generator (listener) as follows: 01000000 Cycle the power of the second generator so the software will read the listen only switch. 4. Manually program the talker generator as follows: FUNCTION VALUE KEY SEQUENCE Frequency Step Function Frequency Step 210 MHz CFREQD C2] CID COD CMHzjVD Frequency CFREQD CSTEP] 1.25 kHz Cl] C.] C2] C53 CkHzlmV] 5. Manually program the listener generator as follows: FUNCT ION VALUE KEY SEQUENCE 195 MHz CFREQ3 CID C9] C5D CMHzjV] Frequency CFREQ3 CSTEP3 1.25 kHz m E.] C23 £51 CkHzjmV] Frequency Step Function Frequency Step

6. On the talker generator, press the [ t ] STEP or [ | ] STEP keys. Each lime the key is pressed, the frequency of both generators increases or decreases by i.25 kHz (the Frequency Step) at frequencies 15 MHz apart. Different functions on each generator can be programmed to track in the master-slave configuration. In other words, while the master generator can be programmed to step increase 25 kHz FM, the slave generator can be programmed to step 25% AM. NOTE To use the stepfeaturefor otherfunctions, change the stepfunction on the generators to the desiredfunctions. 2-41. PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE 3 In the following example, the Generator is programmed by a Fluke 1722A Instrument Controller (via the IEEE-488 bus) to the same state as in Programming Example 1. Additionally, the frequency step size is set to 1 .25 kHz, and the trigger buffer is programmed to execute the step up command when the trigger command is received. The SRQ mask of the Generator is set to generate an SRQ when the RF output has settled and the Generator is ready for more input from the bus. The program then enters a loop where it waits for the ready SRQ, sends the GET (group execute trigger) interface message to step up the frequency, and waits again. At this time, do the following; 1 . Connect the Generator to the controller with an IEEE-488 cable. 2. Set the rear panel addre.ss switch of the Generator as follows: 0000011 3. Enter the following program into the controller: 20 100 no 120 121 130 140 150 160 170 IBO 190 300 310 320 800 810 820 830 850 860 870 999 ! Fluke 1722A BASIC program to control a 6062A. ! The address of the 6062A is 7» A% = 77. ! Clear the 6062A so that it is in a known state. INIT PORT 0 REMOTE SA7. \ CLEAR ®A7. ' Set the 606SA. PRINT @A%, -FR210I1Z/ AP6DB.MR1, FM5KZ- FIl. AM15PC, AEl” ! Set the freq^uency step< output valid mode> ! and configure the trigger buffer. PRINT ®AX. *’FS1.25K2. VMirCTSU" ! Set the SRQ mask to enable "output valid" SRQ PRINT eA7.. "SM16" I Wait for above commands to finish processing WAIT 1000 \ S% « SPL ! Trigger the first step up TRIO lA5i ! Wait for SRQ ON SRQ GOTO BOO WAIT FOR SRQ OFF SRQ ! Check the serial poll response S7. = SPL(A7.) IF (S7. AND 647.+ i67.> ( > 807, THEN PRINT s7.; *' Bad Serial Poll ! Trigger the next step up TRIG eA7. i Resume operation— waiting for next SRQ RESUME 300 END iesponse’ 4. Run the program by typing on the controller “RUN (RETURN)”.

Standard 488- 1978. Table 2-9 summarizes the IEEE-488 Interface functions implemented. 2-43. Address Mode In the address mode, the Generator may be operated from local (using the front panel keys) or from remote (using the IEEE-488 Interface). The following paragraphs describe the operation of the Generator in both states and transitions between the states. The available IEEE-488 messages and their descriptions for the address mode of operation are presented in Table 2-10. 2-44. LOCAL OPERATION The Generator powers up in the local mode. When in local mode, the following conditions are present: The front panel indicator REM, is not lit. Device trigger (GET), device clear (DCL), and selected device clear (SDC) interface messages are ignored. All device-dependent messages are ignored. If the data output was requested while the Generator was in the remote mode, the data output of a talker may be sent. 2-45. GOING FROM LOCAL TO REMOTE The Generator switches from local to remote when the “my listen address message” (MLA) is received, and the Remote Enable (REN) signal is true. 2-46. REMOTE OPERATION When in the remote mode, the following conditions are present: The front panel REM indicator is lit. Device trigger (GET), device clear (DCL), and selected device clear (SDC) interface messages are processed. All device-dependent messages are processed during the remote mode. Table 2-9. IEEE-488 Interface Function List FUNCTION DESCRIPTION SH1 Complete source handshake capability AH1 Complete acceptor handshake capability T5 Basic talker> Talk only. Serial poll. Unaddressed if MLA TEO No extended talker capability L3 Basic listener. Listen only. Unaddressed if MTA LEO No extended listener capability SRI Complete service request capability RL1 Complete remote/Local capability PRO No parallel poll capability DC1 Complete device clear capability DT1 Complete device trigger capability CO No controller capability El Open-coL lector drivers

Table 2-10. IEEE-488 Address Mode Message Descriptions MESSAGE DESCRIPTION pon Power-On Talker Operation When powered up, the Generator generates a Power- On message (pon) and clears its output buffer. The Generator is not addressed to talk when powered up. Li stener Operation The Generator is not addressed to listen when the power is turned on. Service Request Operation HTA My Talk Address The state of the Service Request (SRQ) signal on pon is determined by the SRQ mask. The SRQ mask is the same as when the power was removed- Therefore, if the SRQ mask enables the power on, output valid, or ready SRQs, the SRQ signal will be true during pon. Talker Operation The Generator is addressed to talk upon receipt of the MTA message. The front panel ADDR indicator is lit while the Generator is addressed to talk. Listener Operati on The Generator unlistens when the MTA message is received. MLA My Listen Address Talker Operation The Generator untalks when the MLA message is received. Li stener Operation The Generator is addressed to listen when the MLA message is received. The front panel ADDR indicator of the Generator is lit while the Generator is addressed to listen. Data Talker Ope ration The Generator sends data to the IEEE-488 bus only when requested by a programming data message. Message formats are described in the Command Description paragraphs. An End of Record (EOR) character is sent with EOI asserted following all outputs. The EOR character is either a carriage return or a Line feed, depending on the setting of the terminator mode. The parity bit is always zero. Multiple output requests are buffered until the buffer is full. Processing of programming data messages is stopped until the buffer is no longer full. The buffer can be cleared with the Clear Buffer command ("CB"). The buffer is also cleared on power up (pon), with a Clear Command ("CL"), or with a Device Clear interface message (OCL or SDC). Li stener Operation Command syntax, error processing, and input buffer overflow are described in the paragraphs on Ccmimand Processing. Refer to Table 2-8 for a list of IEEE-488 commands that are recognized by the Generator. IFC Interface Clear Talker Operation The Generator untalks and unlistens when the IFC message is received. 2-44

1 MESSAGE DESCRIPTION Listener The Generator unlistens and untalks when the IFC message Operation is received. OTA Other Talk Address Talker Operation The Generator untalks when the OTA message is received. SPE Serial Poll Enable Talker After receiving the SPE message, the Generator responds Operation with the serial poll status byte, if addressed to talk. SPD Serial Poll Disable Talker After receiving the SPD message, the Generator resumes Operation normal talk operation. ULA Unlisten Address Listener The Generator unlistens when the ULA message is Operation received. RSV Request Service Service The front panel SRQ indicator is Lit when the rsv Operation message is sent. The Generator may request service for several reasons. Each reason for service request can be individually masked with the set mask command ("SM”). The service request mask can be interrogated with the interrogate mask command ("IM"). DCL Device Clear Clear The DCL message is ignored when in local. When the DCL Operation message is received (during remote operation) the Generator is cleared. Any characters in the input buffer are cleared followed by the same operation as the clear command ("CL”). The operation of the DCL message is identical to the operation of the selected device clear (SDC) message. The cleared state of the Generator is described in the paragraphs on Power-On Conditions. SDC Selected Device Clear Clear The SDC message is ignored during Local operation. Operation When the SDC message is received (during rmote operation), the Generator is cleared. Any characters in the input buffer are cleared followed by the same operation as the clear command ("CL"). The operation of the SDC message is identical to the operation of the device clear (DCL) message. The cleared state of the Generator is described in the paragraphs on Power-On Conditions.

MESSAGE DESCRIPT ION GET Group Execute Trigger Trigger The GET message is ignored during Local operation. When Operation the GET message is received (during remote operation)^ the Generator executes a command string that has been preprogrammed with the Configure Trigger command ("CT"). The operation of the GET message is identical to the operation of the Trigger ("TR") command. Undefined IEEE-488 Commands All undefined IEEE-488 commands are acknowledged by the Generator handshake sequence^ but no action is taken. 2-47. GOING FROM REMOTE TO LOCAL The Generator switches from remote to local mode in one of the following ways: The IEEE-488 Go To Local (GTL) message is received, the remote enable signal REN is false, or a Return To Local (rtl) message is generated by pressing the front panel [CLR I LCL] key (if the Generator is not in the local lockout mode). The Generator enters the local lockout mode when the Local Lockout message (LLO) is received. The Generator exits the local lockout mode to the local mode when REN is false. When switching from remote to local, unprocessed commands in the input buffer are processed until the input buffer is cleared or a front panel entry is made. Switching to local has no effect on the contents of the output buffer. 2-48. Talk-Only Mode Figure 2-6 shows two generators connected together with the IEEE-488 Bus. To select the talk-only mode, set the TALK ONLY address switch to 1 (up), if the TALK-ONLY address switch and the LISTEN-ONLY address switch are set to 1, the talk-only mode is selected. In the talk-only mode, the listener, remote/local, service request, device clear, and device trigger interface functions do not apply. If the talk-only mode is selected, the Generator is always addressed to talk and the front panel ADDR indicator is always lit. The Step Up (“SU”) or Step Down (‘‘SD”) message is sent when the [f] STEP or [i] STEP front panel keys are pressed. This output is not buffered, and if no listener is connected to the IEEE-488 Interface, no output will be sent. A carriage return followed by line feed (with the EOI signal true) are always sent as the end of record. 2-49. Listen-Only Mode To select the listen-only mode, set the LISTEN ONLY address switch to I (up). If the talk-only address switch and the listen-only address switch are set to 1, the talk-only mode is selected.

If the listen-only mode is selected, the Generator is always addressed to listen, and the front panel ADDR indicator is always lit. The Generator listens and responds to all data messages on the IEEE-488 Interface. The response to data messages is the same as in the addressed mode of operation except that requests for talker output are ignored. In the listen-only mode, the talker, remote/local, service request, device clear, and device trigger interface functions do not apply. 2-50. Command Syntax The Generator IEEE-488 bus commands alphabet consists of the letters A through Z (upper and lower case letters are treated equally), digits 0 through 9, and the following special characters: @ . , ; + - CR LF Spaces, tabs characters, and the parity bit are ignored. The IEEE-488 commands for the Generator consist of the following three parts: Header Numeric Suffix The header is always required, but the numeric and suffix may be optional. This rule gives the following four possible combinations: (HEADER) (HEADER) (NUMERIC) (HEADER) (NUMERIC) SUFFIX) (HEADER) (SUFFIX) M ultiple commands may be separated with one of the end of string (EOS) characters or Use of EOS characters facilitates recovery in the event of a syntax error and will also enhance readability. 2-51. COMMAND HEADER SYNTAX The command header is a two alpha-character string. A list of the IEEE-488 command headers used on the Generator is presented in Table 2-8. The header determines the syntax of the numeric and suffix as listed in the table.

There are four types of numeric data: Boolean, unsigned integer, floating point, and trigger string. The following paragraphs describes each of the four numeric data formats. A syntax diagram is included for each format. 1. Boolean Boolean numeric data must be either a “0” or a ‘T All other characters will result in a syntax error. 7 " 2. Unsigned Integer Unsigned integers may be specified in decimal or in hexadecimal. Any number of decimal digits are accepted. However, values greater than 65,535 are rejected. Hexadecimal numbers are preceded by an “X”. Only four hexadecimal digits are accepted. Specifying a number in hexadecimal for the read word and read byte commands causes the response to be sent in hexadecimal. Decimal digits may be the numerals 0 through 9. Hexadecimal digits may be the hexadecimal digits 0 through F. 3. Floating Point The floating-point numeric data format is the most flexible format. Digits may be the numerals 0 through 9. Any number of digits is accepted for both the number and the exponent. However, numbers greater than 2,147,483,629 are truncated, and expo- nents greater than 32,749 are rejected. 2-48

EOR. The string may be up to 71 characters, not including the EOR. Commands in the string are not checked for validity until the trigger string is executed with the trigger command. EOR is the end of record character. This character is selected with the terminator mode command. “TMO” selects the linefeed character. “TMl” selects the carriage return character. The IEEE-488 interface signal EOI asserted with any other character is also considered an end of record. EOS is an end of string character, use either or “»”• x^--(TioRT)- command — 2-53. SUFFIX SYNTAX Suffixes are always one or two alpha-characters. Certain suffixes are used to scale the numeric (the same as the front panel UNITS keys). Other suffixes mnemonically designate hardware components. The five types of suffixes are described in Table 2-11. 2-54. Command Descriptions The following paragraphs describe the remote IEEE-488 Interface operating commands that are not accessible from the front panel of the Generator. IEEE-488 Interface commands that are accessible from the front panel of the Generator are described earlier in this section (Local and Remote Operation). 2-55. BINARY LEARN COMMANDS Front panel setups are stored in the memory of the Generator in a packed binary format. The binary learn commands are used to transfer this binary data between an IEEE-488 controller and the Generator. These commands allow the operator to minimize the amount of programming commands needed to program the entire instrument state. The binary learn commands are: “LM” Learn Memory “LI” Learn Interface The syntax for the Learn Memory (“LM”) command is as follows: “LM” Memory Location Code The Generator responds to the “LM”command with a string of 66 ASCII characters followed by an

SUFFIX TYPE SUFFIX MNEMONIC EQUIVALENT EXPONENT Frequency GZ gigahertz 9 MZ mega hertz 6 KZ kilohertz 3 HZ hertz 0 Amplitude V volts 0 MV mil livolts -3 UV microvolts -6 NV nanovolts -9 DB dB, dBm, dBmV, or dBuV 0 AM PC percent 0 FM GZ gigahertz 9 MZ megahertz 6 KZ kilohertz 3 HZ hertz 0 RD radians 0 DAC/BIT Designators DAC and BIT designators are two alpha-character mnemonics that refer to hardware dacs and bits. Refer to the paragraphs on Monitor Commands for a complete list of designators. Learn Suffix A Learn suffix is a string of ASCII characters that contain coded memory location contents. Refer to the paragraphs on Binary Learn Commands for decoding of the learn string. NOTE The , end of record character, is sent with EOl asserted. “TMO” selects the linefeed character, and “TMI” selects the carriage return character. Example: iEEE~488 Command: “LM98” Response: “BOABAAAAPPJMAAAKAAAAAAAABBOBKDAAAAAPECEAABPEAAABAACEBB AGCLKKABAEAM” EOR Refer to Figure 2-7 for information on how to decode this learn string. The syntax for the Learn Interface “LI” command is as follows: “LI” Memory Location Code: Learn String

CHAR. POS. AM tepth 1 2 CHAR. HEX EQIV. INSTRUCTION VALUE Reference Amplitude CHAR. POS. 5 6 7 8 60 CHAR. A A A A K HEX EQIV. 0 X 0 INSTRUCTION c 1 and 3 AM Step CHAR. POS. CHAR. HEX EQIV. INSTRUCTION VALUE RESOLUTION RESULT Displayed Amplitude 9 10 11 12 59

FM Step 45 46 47 48 64 n [ HEX EQIV. 0 1 F 4 0 0 0 BINARY EQUIV. INSTRU CT ION RESCLUTION/ UNITS 500 1 500C Hz 1 10 ] Hz CHAR. POS. CHAR. HEX EQIV. Data Set #1 (miscellaneous data) 49 50 51 52 A A C E 0 0 2 4 lo b 0 0 b b b b b b h b b h b b AHPL Di splay 0 = dBm 1 = dBmV 2 = dBuV 3 “ invalid DC AM * 0 = oii, 1 = on Phase * Modulation 0 = off, 1 = on External Pulse * 0 a off, 1 = on Internal Pulse—* 0 “ off, 1 = on External FH — 0 = off, 1 = on Internal FM ^.Relative Amplitude (special function 3x). 0 = Off, 1 = On — Relative Frequency (special function 2x) 0 = off, 1 = on Step Function 01 = FREQ, 10 = AMPL, 11 = MOD L— Modulation Rate 01 = 400 Hz, 10 = 1000 Hz — Internal AM 0 = off, 1 = on External AM

0100 = 4th digit 0101 = 5th digit 0110 = 6th digit 0111 = ?th digit 1000 = 8th digit 1001 = 9th digit 'Modulation display 0 = 1 FM AMPL bright digit' 00 = 1st digit 01 = 2nd digit 11 = 3rd digit 1—•AM bri ght di 0 = 1 St digi »FM bright digit 00 = 1 St digit 01 = 2nd digit 10 - 3rd digit CHAR. POS. Amplitude Special Functions 63 CHAR. HEX EQIV. BINARY EQIV. Amplitude Fixed Range (Special Function 9x) (Special Function 8x) 00 = All Correction on 01 = Attenuator Correction off 10 = All Correction off Amplitude Correction' 00 = Fixed Range off 01 = Fixed Range on

data) CHAR. POS. CHAR. HEX EQIV. INSTRUCTION BINARY EQUIV. 65 66 00 = valid 01 = EXT LO 10 = EXT HI 11 = invalid

in the memory location designated by the memory location code. If the memory location specified is 99, the instrument is programmed to the data sent in the learn string. Example: To program the Generator to the Instrument Preset State: ‘‘LI99BOABAAAAPPJMAAAICAAAAAAAABBOBKDAAAAAPECEAABPEAAABAAC EBBAGCLKKABAEAM” Note that the binary learn string in this example is the same as the learn string returned from memory location 98, which contains a record of the Instrument Preset State. Instructions: 1. Convert the hexadecimal number to a signed decimal number as follows: a. Multiply the most significant hexadecimal digit by 16. b. Add the next significant digit to the value obtained in step a. c. Multiply the sum of step b by 16, and add in the next hexadecimal digit until the least significant hexadecimal digit has been added. NOTE If the hexadecimal number started with an 8 through F, the number is negative. Perform step dfor negative numbers. d. Subtract 16 from the number raised to the power of the number of digits. Example of Instruction 1: To convert hexadecimal number IE: (1 * 16}+ 14 = 30 (Since the most significant digit is 1, the number is not negative.) To convert hexadecimal number FF9C: {{{{(15 * 16) + 15) * 16) + 9) * 16) -M2 = 65436 (Since the most significant digit is F, the number is negative.) Using Step d; 1 6“’ = 65536, 65436 - 65536 = -100. The signed decimal equivalent to FF9C is - 100 . 2. Amplitude quantities have a number and a resolution associated with them. This applies to the Displayed Amplitude, Reference Amplitude, and Amplitude Step. Use the following procedure to identify the resolution of an amplitude quantity; a. If the resolution is A or B (hexadecimal), the resolution of the number is 0. 1 dBm or 0.1 dB units.

The Displayed Amplitude (in Figure 2-7) is -100 with a resolution of A. a. The actual displayed amplitude is -10.0 dBm. b. If the stored resolution is 0 through 9 (hexadecimal), the amplitude quantity is in volts. To convert the number to the actual amplitude in nanovolts, multiply the amplitude number by the power of ten represented by the resolution. Example: An amplitude step of 12, with a resolution of 6 would be an actual amplitude step of 1.2,000,000 nV or 12 mV.) 3. If the Relative Amplitude mode is off, the data stored in the reference amplitude location is not used. 4. If the Relative Frequency mode is off, the data stored in the reference frequency location is not used. 5. FM and FM Step quantities have a number and a resolution associated with them. The resolution nibble is comprised of a 3-bit resolution value and a single bit units value. If the units value is 0, the FM quantity is in Hertz. If the units value is 1, it is a (f)M quantity in radians. To convert the num.ber to the FM quantity in Hz, multiply the number by the power of ten represented by the resolution. Example: The FM number (in this figure) is 500 with a resolution of 10 Hz. The actual FM deviation is 5000 Hz. To convert the number to the (f)M quantity in radians, multiply the number by the power of ten represented by the resolution, then divide the result by 1000. Example: A deviation of 123 with a resolution of 1 and units of i would be a <^M deviation of 1.23 radians. If the Low-Rate FM option is installed, the FM quantity adjusted by the resolution has a resolution of 0.1 Hz. The 4>M quantity is derived exactly as it is without the option. The resolution remains the same, however, the range is reduced by a factor of 10 . 6. The checksum data is calculated by adding the data in the learn string, two hexadecimal digits at a time. The total, including the checksum, should add up to a number whose least significant two hexadecimal digits are 01. 7. Only the current state of these parameters is relevant, so they are only valid when learning memory location 99. Learn strings from all other memory locations have characters 65 and 66 set to “AM”. These parameters are provided as status information only and cannot be set using the learn interface command. NOTE The memory location code must be an unsigned integer indicating the memory location to he learned. Memory location 99 refers to the current instrument settings. Memory location 98 refers to the Instrument Preset State as listed in Table 2-3.

to interpret the characters in the learn string is given in Figure 2-7. Table 2-12 shows the conversion from the learn string to the hexadecimal character. 2-56. CLEAR COMMANDS The following IEEE-488 clear commands are recognized by the Generator: “CB” Clear IEEE-488 input buffer “CE” Clear IEEE-488 rejected entry error status “CL” Clear instrument The “CB” command can be used to clear the Generator output buffer. The output buffer should be cleared at the beginning of any remote program to synchronize data output. The output buffer is also cleared at power-on with the “CL” clear Generator command, or the buffer is cleared by the SDC and DCL clear interface messages. The “CE” command can be used to explicitly clear the error status. The error status is also cleared when it is interrogated with the “IR” command, or the “CL” clear Generator command, or the SDC and DCL clear. The “CL” command is used to clear the instrument state. The same actions are performed with the SDC and DCL clear interface messages. (In addition, the input buffer is cleared with the clear interface messages.) The following IEEE-488 commands are performed with the clear Generatorcommand: “RC98, ROl, CE, CB, RMO, TMO, EMO, VMO, UMO, SM192, SP08, XFO, DWO, CT’TEOR). If a Software Compensation Procedure is in progress, it is exited immediately and all measured data is discarded. 2-57. INTERFACE MODE COMMANDS Interface mode commands are used to configure the Generator for different modes of IEEE-488 interface operation. Since the Generator knows when its RF output has settled, it can be configured to synchronize itself with the controller. This eliminates WAIT statements in the program, which are normally used to allow time for the output of the controlled device to settle. Table 2-13 lists the interface mode commands.

COMMAND DESCRIPTION COMMAND STATUS "EM" Error Mode 1 ~ on, 0 = off "RM" Record Mode 1 = on, 0 = off "TM" Select Terminator 1 = CR, 0 = LF "UM" Unbuffered Mode 1 = on, 0 s off "VM" Valid Mode 1 = on, 0 - off The error mode selects when the IEEE-488 rejected entry status is cleared. If turned on, the error status is cleared when a new message is processed. If turned off, the status is cleared only when interrogated with the “IR” (interrogate rejected entry) command or when explicitly cleared with the “CE” (clear error command). The record mode selects whether the message unit is a record or a command. When turned on, the message unit is a record. When turned off, the message unit is a command. The terminator mode selects the character used as the record terminator. The terminator character is not used for command processing unless the record mode is enabled. When turned on, the record terminator CR (carriage return) is used. If turned off, the record terminator LF (line feed) is used. The record terminator character is the last character in all IEEE-488 messages sent from the Generator. The unbuffered mode selects when messages from the IEEE-488 interface are processed. When turned on, messages are read from the IEEE-488 interface only when the microprocessor is ready to process them. In this mode, the input buffer will contain a maximum of one message. (A message may be one command or one record, depending on the setting of the record mode.) When turned off, messages are read from the IEEE-488 Interface to the input buffer of the Generator at the fastest rate. In this mode, the input buffer may contain up to 80 characters. The valid mode selects when messages are processed by the Generator microprocessor. When the valid mode is turned on, processing of a new message is begun only after the RF output has settled and become valid. When the valid mode is turned off, a new message is processed immediately after the completion of the previous message. The interface modes can also be programmed using the command, “(5)” n (where n is an integer). The interface modes are set to the value of n, where n is the sum of the codes for the desired modes. The integer codes for the interface modes that can be programmed using the n commands are as follows: Terminator Mode= I Record Mode = 2 Valid Mode = 4 Unbuffered Mode= 8 Error Mode = 16 For example, to select the record mode and valid mode, the command is 6. Interface Mode Example: In this example, the RF output of the Generator is connected to a circuit that is being measured by a voltmeter. The output of the Generator must be settled before the voltmeter is given the command to make a measurement.

PRINT @1. "CL, TMl. RMl, VMl, UMl " ! PRINT ei, "FRIQOMZ, AP-25DB” ! PRINT @2. "?” ! INPUT @2, "R*" ! initialize the 6060, select modes program the 6060 trigger the voltmeter get the reading The entire record is transferred into the Generator before processing begins. In this example, processing begins when the record terminator CR is received. The following character {LF in this case) will not be received into the Generator until the entire record is processed and the output has settled. No wait statement is needed between setting up the Generator and taking the measurement because the Generator will not handshake the LF character until its output has settled. NOTE A record is a string of characters separated by . A message is the smallest group of characters that the Generator can process when it is programmedfrom the IEEE-488 Interface. NOTE The output valid state ofthe Generator occurs 45 ms after any hardware has been changed. 2-58. INTERROGATE COMMANDS Interrogate commands allow the status of the Generator to be given over the IEEE-488 Interface. These commands consist of headers only. The interrogate commands available on the IEEE-488 interface are: “lA” Attenuator Actuation Log “ID” Instrument ID “IE” Elapsed Time Indicator “H” Interface Mode Status “IL” Hardware UNCAL and Self-Test Error Log “lO” Option Loading “IR” IEEE-488 Rejected Entry Status “IS” SerialNumber “IT” Self-Test Results “lU” UNCAL (uncalibrated) Status “IV” Software Revision Level “IZ” Compensation Memory Checksum Status The “lA” command interrogates the attenuator actuation log. Each time an attenuator pad is removed from the RF path, the corresponding counter in non-volatile memory is incremented. This means that if an attenuator pad is removed then inserted, the count will only increment once. The Generator responds to the “IA” command with seven counts (one for each pad). The counts are separated by commas, and the response is terminated with the end of record character ().

0000000102,0000000099,0000001028,0000000009,0000019092,0000003908, 0000000412 When the “ID” command is sent, the Generator responds with its instrument model number (and end of record character) as in “6062A”(EOR> . When the “lE”command is sent, the Generator responds with the time the instrument has been in operation since it was manufactured. The time is 9 digits, a decimal point, a lOth digit and the indicates 3459.3 hours of operation since manufacture. The “H” command interrogates the current selection of interface modes. A 5-digit integer followed by the (EOR) character is the sum of the modes selected as follows: Terminator mode = I Record mode = 2 Valid mode == 4 Unbuffered mode= 8 Error mode = 16 The “IL” command interrogates the ten-entry error log in non-volatile memory. An error can be either a failed self test or an uiicalibrated condition as a result of a hardware status line (UNLOKL or UNLVLL). The elapsed time since the instrument was manufactured is also logged with the error. Each of the ten error log entries consists of an uncalibrated (uncal) code or self-test code, followed by a semicolon followed by the elapsed time, followed by the end of record character { Self-test error (non-volatile memory failure) at 39012.2 hours since manufacture.

the self-test sequence was aborted as indicated by the This error occurred at 39012.1 hours since the Generator was manufactured. 000000,000000,000006;000020243.2(EOR) Amplitude became unieveled at 20243.2 hours since manufacture (third number = 4). In addition, the peak amplitude was set to > + 13 dBm as indicated by the second uncal code (third number = 2). 000000,000000,000000;000000000.0 (EOR> This special code means that there are no errors. One or more of the error log entries will be this code when less than ten errors have been logged since the Generator was manufactured. The number of characters in this response is much larger than the 80 characters in the output buffer. Therefore, if the entire response is not transferred to the IEEE-488 controller, the Generator will not be able to respond to further programming commands. Any remaining portion of the response that is not to be transferred can be cleared only by sending a device clear to the Generator. The ‘TO” command interrogates the Generator for its option complement. The returned record contains three integers, separated by commas, that indicate configuration of options. For the 6062A, the first number is always 4, which indicates that the Generator being interrogated is in fact a 6062A. The two remaining numbers are the sum of the option related numbers as follows: 2nd Number 4 = -130 High-Stability Reference Option 8 = -651 Low-Rate FM Option 16 = -132 Medium-Stability Reference Option 3rd Number 2 = -830 Rear Panel RF Output, MOD Input, and Pulse MOD Input Option For example, “4,12,2” would indicate a 6062A with Options -651, -130, and -830. The “IR” command interrogates the Generator for rejected entry error status. (See Table 2-6 for a list of rejected entry codes.) The returned record is the sum of errors that have been detected while processing IEEE-488 commands. The status is cleared when interrogated with the “IR” command. The status can also be explicitly cleared with the “CE” command and is also cleared on the “CL” command and the clear interface messages DCL and SDC. The “IS” command interrogates the Generator for the serial number. The serial number is an eight character ASCII string terminated with an . The returned record is similar to the following: “01230000” (EOR) The “IT” command interrogates the Generator for the self-test results. The self-test results are reported in four fields. Any non-zero codes indicate that some tests have failed. Table 2-14 shows the self-test error code format. The self tests are performed at power-on and can also be initiated with special function 02. Further details of the self-test results are listed in the Section 4 of this manual.

MOD FREQ AMPL aaa -bbb ccc ddd aaa = Modulation (AM and FM) test results “ = If displayed;, indicates the self test did not complete bbb = Frequency test results ccc = Digital test results ddd = Amplitude test results The “lU” command interrogates the Generator for the UNCAL entry status. (See Table 2-5 for a list of the UNCAL Error Codes.) The “IV” command interrogates the Generator for its current software revision level. The returned record is similar to the following: “VI.O” (EOR>. This means that the software revision level is Version l.O. The “IZ” command interrogates the Generator for the compensation memory status. The status is returned as three fields similar separated by commas, to the following: “000010,100001,000000”

COMMAND NAME COMMAND VALUE DESIGNATOR NAME LOCATION Read Input Bit "IB" "EX" exref A2, U11-7 "HS" hsopt A2, U11-17 "IE" ieinl A2, U11-8 "LF" 1 rfm A2, U40-8 "MH" mlevhi A2, U40-13 "ML" m 1 ev 1 0 A2, U40-7 "RO" roptl U40-17 "RP" rppl A2, U11-11 "RT" rptrpl A2^ U11-14 "SR" shre-f L A2, U40-4 "TQ" trseqL A2, U40-3 "UK" unLok A2, U11-3 "UV" unlvL A2^ U11-18 "XA" extra-a A2, U40-14 "XB" extra-b kZ, U40-18 Set Output Bit "OB" 0 or 1 "CL" cLr kZ, U17-12 "DA" dcam kb, U13-19 "EA" extam kb, U13-12 "EF" extf m kb, U13-6 "EP" ext pulse kb, U13-16 "FE" fmen A4, U19-19 "FP" front-panel kZ, U17-5 "HO" haocth kb, U9-2 "HT" het kb, U9-6 "lA" intam kb, U13-9 "IF" intfm kb, U13-5 "IP" int pulse kb, U13-15 "LP" mid kb, U9-5 "MA" rmuxO kk, U32-5 "MB" rm uxl A4, U32-2 "MF" mf400l kb, U13-2 "MG" module-gate kZ, U17-15 "MS" trmodl A4, U32-15 "NE" nven kZ, U17-9 "PM" phase mod kb, U23-12 "RI" rinh A4, U32-9 "RR" rprst A2, U17-6 "SE" shen kk, U32-12 "SH" shet A4, U32-16 "VH" vcohl kb, U23-9 "VQ" vcoq kb, U23-15 "XA" x2l kb, U9-19 "XB" x2fl1 kb, U9-16 "XC" x2fl2 A6^ U9-15 "XD" x2fl3 A6, U9-12 "XE" x2fl4 A6, U9-9 "XO" xoenl kU, U32-6 "YA" extra-a kZ, U17-19 "YB" extra-b A2^ U17-2 "YC" extra-c A2^ U17-16 Set Output DAC "OD" (integer value) (DAC Location) 0-255 "AM" AM dac kb U19 0-127 "AT" attenuator kZ, U27-5, b, 9, 12, 15, 16, 19 0-4095 "FM" FM dac kb, U25-4 through 15 0-7 "FR" FM range A4, U19-12,15,16 0-1023 "KN" kn dac A4, U27-4 through 13 0-1023 "KV" kv dac A4, U29-4 through 13 0-16383 "LE" level dac kb, U21 0-255 "TC" temp. comp. dac A6, U19

COMMAND NAME COMMAND SYNTAX NOTES Read byte Read word Define write address Write byte Write word "R8" memory locati on *'RW" memory locati on "DW" memory locati on "WB” value W value 1 1 2 2 2 Notes 1 . The Generator or word in the be an unsigned If the memory is returned in responds to these commands with the value of the byte memory location addressed. The memory location must integer. The value returned is fol lowed by an . Location is specified in hexadecimal, then the value hexadecimal preceded by an "X". 2. The Define Write Address command specifies the write address used with the Write Byte and Write Word commands. When the Write Byte and Write Word commands are used, the specified data will be written to that write address. Table 2-17. Hardware Control Monitor Commands COMMAND NAME COMMAND SYNTAX NOTES Read attenuati on "XA" 1 Set attenuati on "XB" integer 1 Set synthesizer frequency "XD" f loati ng point decimal "MZ" 2 RF on/off "XR" "0" or "1" 3 Notes 1 . .The current settings of the Attenuator can be read or set. The attenuation is a number from 0 to 23 where the number specifies the multiple of 6-dB attenuation. Zero indicates no attenuation, and 23 is the maximum attenuation. Only the attenuators are changed with the "XB" command. The value of the attenuation will be output on the "XA" command as an unsigned integer followed by . 2. The "XD" command can be used to program the Generator to the specified frequency. Only the synthesizer circuits on the Synthesizer PCS is programmed. No offset is added, no filters are programmed, no VCO compensation is calculated, and no level correction is caUulated- 3 . "XRO" programs all attenuation, and "XR1" restores the attenuator to its previous state. The SRQ mask is set to the sum of the reason values listed in Table 2-18. These reason values correspond to the allowable reasons that will be requiring service. The SRQ Mask is set by the following command sequence; SM” Sum of Reasons

response is the sum of those values for reasons that are currently true, independent of the seUing of the SRQ mask. For example, if the rejected entry SRQ is enabled with “SM2” and a rejected entry occurs, the serial poll response will indicate that the Generator generated the SRQ (value of 64) and that a rejected entry occurred (value of 2). In addition, other values may be set. The default SRQ mask is 192. The “IM” command interrogates the current SRQ mask, and an integer is returned. The “XF” command enables a mode that causes an SRQ to be generated any time the Generator processes an entry. In this mode, afront panel SRQ is generated (i.e., the serial poll response indicates that afront panel SRQ is the cause of the SRQ). This mode is enabled and disabled with its own command, not through the Set SRQ Mask commands (as are all other SRQs). The Alert Mode is enabled/ disabled as follows: “XFO” = Alert Mode off, “XFl” = Alert Mode on. 2-61. TRIGGER COMMANDS The Generator has the ability to preprogram a command string of arbitrary Generator programming commands. This command string is executed whenever the trigger command “TR” orthe IEEE-488 group execute trigger interface message (GET) is received. This method of programming the Generator can be used when a long string of commands is to be sent to the Generator over and over. The programming time is shortened by the time required to transmit the string of characters from the controller to the Generator.

“CT” Configure Trigger “TR” Execute Trigger Buffer The configure trigger command is followed by a string of any Generator programming commands up to 71 characters in length. The validity of the programming commands is not checked until the trigger buffer is executed. The power-on value of the trigger string is null (nothing). The trigger command causes execution of the trigger buffer, which has been preprogrammed with the configure trigger command “CT”. The trigger buffer can also be executed by sending the IEEE-488 group execute trigger interface message (GET). The following paragraphs describe how IEEE-488 commands are processed by the Generator. Command processing is a term for how commands are executed and how errors are handled. 2-63. COMMAND EXECUTION The execution of the IEEE-488 commands depends on the selection of interface modes with one exception; if an IEEE-488 input is buffered and the buffer becomes full, command execution starts and no further input is accepted until there is room in the input buffer. For more details, refer to the paragraphs on Interface Modes. 2-64. ERROR HANDLING The Generator detects two types of errors while processing IEEE-488 commands; syntax errors and processing errors. All errors are accumulated until the error status is interrogated or is explicitly cleared. The IEEE-488 rejected entry status is interrogated with the “IR” command. The error status is cleared with one of the following commands: “CE” Clear Error Command “CL” Clear Command “DCL” or “SDC” Clear Interface Messages The error status is also cleared at power-on. The SRQ mask can be set to assert SRQ when an error is detected, The SRQ is unasserted when the error status is cleared. Syntax errors are commands that do not have the correct syntax for the specified header. For example, “FES” is a syntax error because the external FM command requires a Boolean numeric field. Unrecognized headers are also syntax errors. An IEEE-488 syntax error causes all commands from the point of the error up to the next string terminator or record terminator to be ignored. Processing errors are commands that are syntactically valid, but the requested value is outside the range of programmable values. For example, “FR99GZ” is syntactically correct, but the Generator cannot be programmed to a frequency of 99 gigahertz. Command processing continues with the next command. 2-65. Timing Data The programming time can be broken down into four-groups: transfer of commands to Generator, command parsing time, software programming time, and instrument settling time.

programming steps are performed in parallel and can increase throughput. The following paragraphs give some typical timing data for the above four programming steps and describes how the interface modes affect their relative timing. 2-66. TRANSFER OF COMMANDS TO GENERATOR The maximum rate of transfer is 0.4 to 0.5 ms per character. With most IEEE-488 controllers, all characters sent with a single output or print statement is transferred together at the maximum rate. The total time to transfer commands to the Generator is obtained by multiplying the number of characters by the rate of transfer. 2-67. COMMAND-PARSING TIME Command-parsing time is the sum of the time required to process the header, the numeric, and the suffix. Some commands do not have numerics or suffixes. Table 2- 1 9 gives the typical time it takes to process the different components of a command. 2-68. SOFTWARE PROGRAMMING TIME The minimum time required to process a command is 25 ms. Most of the commands that do not program the hardware (such as storing step values) are programmed in 25 ms. Table 2-20 gives the typical time value for programming the different functions in the Generator. 2-69. INSTRUMENT-SETTLING TIME The software-programming time typically exceeds the setting time of the RF circuitry, therefore the instrument-settling time can generally be excluded from throughput calculations. The exception is when level correction is disabled. Disabling level correction reduces the software-programming time by 10 ms but does not affect the switching time of the frequency programming circuitry. A 10 ms settling delay should be added if level correction is disabled and a settled RF output is required. 2-70. TIMING OPTIMIZATION Timing depends upon the interface modes selected. Refer to the paragraphs on Interface Mode Commands for a complete description of the interface modes. The transfer of commands from the IEEE-488 controller to the Generator can never be processed in parallel with anything else. The transfer of commands usually happens simultaneously, regardless of which interface mode is selected. The parsing of the command and programming the new instrument state is performed one message unit at a time. The record mode selects a command or a record as the message unit. The record mode off (“RMO”) is slower since there is extra processing between message units, and the message unit is smaller. If the valid mode is enabled, the processing of message units is delayed until the Generator has settled from the previous message. While the RF output is typically settled before the software finishes processing the command, enabling the valid mode adds an additional delay to ensure that the output is settled before the next command is processed. If the output of the Generator does not need to be settled between programming strings, the valid mode should be turned off to speed up processing. If the output does not need to be settled between commands, but needs to be settled between records, enable the valid mode and the record mode. The instrument processes commands within the record as fast as possible and waits for the output to settle only between records.

. The remote clear commands can be used to reset all parameters except the last memory location and the remote/ local state. Table 2-19. Command-Parsing Time COMMAND COMPONENT TIME Header Boolean Numeric Unsigned Integer Numeric Floating-Point Numeric Trigger-String Numeric Suffix Learn-Interf ace Suffix 2 ms 1 ms 2 ms + 1 ms per character 2 ms + 1 ms per character 10 ms + 0.5 ms per character 1 to 1 .5 ms 40 ^ms Table 2-20. Typical Programming Time of the Generator Functions 1 FUNCTION TIME (IN ms) NOTES Frequency 70 1, 2, 3, 4 Amplitude in Volts 60 1, 2, 4, 5 Amplitude in dBm 95 1, 2, 4, 5 AM Depth 50 2. 4 FM Deviation 35 4 Modulation Frequency 25 Enable/Disable AM 55 2, Enable/Di sable FM 25 Recall 98 190 6, 5 RF Output On 50 2 RF Output Off 35 Notes 1. May take up to 5 ms longer if the relative mode is enabled, 2. Can save 10 ms if all Level correction is disabled with special function 81 . 3. Add 20 ms when frequency changes from greater than or equal to 245 MHz to less than 245 MHz. 4. Edits and steps may take up to 5 ms longer than the programming function directly, 5. Add 15 ms when the Attenuator settings change, 6. Recalls vary considerably depending on the stored data. Maximum is approximately 250 ms.

INSTRUMENT PARAMETER STATE NOTES Memory location parameters same as power off 1 RF on/off same as power off Last memory Location same as power off 2 Remote/Local state local IEEE output buffer cleared IEEE input buffer cleared Valid mode same as power off Record terminator same as power off Unbuffered mode same as power off Record mode same as power off SRQ mask same as power off Trigger configuration same as power off SRQ interface signal may be asserted 3 Notes 1. The contents of memory location 98 (Instrcmient Preset State) is listed in Table 2-3. 2. The last memory location is used for sequence operations. 3, If the SRQ mask has the power on, output valid, or ready 1>RQ enabled. the SRQ interface signal is asserted on power-on.