ABB REG650 ANSI Technical Manual

Issued: October 2016 Revision: A Product version: 1.3 © Copyright 2013 ABB. All rights reserved

permission from ABB, and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a third party, nor used for any unauthorized purpose. The software and hardware described in this document is furnished under a license and may be used or disclosed only in accordance with the terms of such license. This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (http://www.openssl.org/) This product includes cryptographic software written/developed by: Eric Young ([email protected]) and Tim Hudson ([email protected]). Trademarks ABB and Relion are registered trademarks of the ABB Group. All other brand or product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. Warranty Please inquire about the terms of warranty from your nearest ABB representative. ABB AB Grid Automation Products SE-721 59 Västerås Sweden Telephone: +46 (0) 21 32 50 00 Facsimile: +46 (0) 21 14 69 18 http://www.abb.com/protection-control

product description and are not to be deemed as a statement of guaranteed properties. All persons responsible for applying the equipment addressed in this manual must satisfy themselves that each intended application is suitable and acceptable, including that any applicable safety or other operational requirements are complied with. In particular, any risks in applications where a system failure and/or product failure would create a risk for harm to property or persons (including but not limited to personal injuries or death) shall be the sole responsibility of the person or entity applying the equipment, and those so responsible are hereby requested to ensure that all measures are taken to exclude or mitigate such risks. This document has been carefully checked by ABB but deviations cannot be completely ruled out. In case any errors are detected, the reader is kindly requested to notify the manufacturer. Other than under explicit contractual commitments, in no event shall ABB be responsible or liable for any loss or damage resulting from the use of this manual or the application of the equipment.

on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility (EMC Directive 2004/108/EC) and concerning electrical equipment for use within specified voltage limits (Low-voltage directive 2006/95/EC). This conformity is the result of tests conducted by ABB in accordance with the product standards EN 50263 and EN 60255-26 for the EMC directive, and with the product standards EN 60255-1 and EN 60255-27 for the low voltage directive. The product is designed in accordance with the international standards of the IEC 60255 series.

Section 1 Introduction.....................................................................31 This manual......................................................................................31 Intended audience............................................................................31 Product documentation.....................................................................32 Product documentation set..........................................................32 Document revision history........................................................... 33 Related documents......................................................................33 Symbols and conventions.................................................................34 Symbols.......................................................................................34 Document conventions................................................................35 Section 2 Available functions......................................................... 37 Main protection functions..................................................................37 Back-up protection functions............................................................ 37 Control and monitoring functions......................................................38 Station communication..................................................................... 42 Basic IED functions.......................................................................... 43 Section 3 Analog inputs..................................................................45 Introduction.......................................................................................45 Operation principle........................................................................... 45 Presumptions for technical data....................................................... 46 Settings.............................................................................................47 Section 4 Binary input and output modules....................................53 Binary input.......................................................................................53 Binary input debounce filter.........................................................53 Oscillation filter............................................................................ 53 Settings........................................................................................54 Setting parameters for binary input modules..........................54 Setting parameters for communication module......................55 Section 5 Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI...........................59 Local HMI screen behaviour.............................................................59 Identification................................................................................ 59 Settings........................................................................................59 Local HMI signals............................................................................. 59 Identification................................................................................ 59 Function block............................................................................. 59 Signals.........................................................................................60 Table of contents 1 Technical manual

Identification................................................................................ 60 Function block............................................................................. 60 Signals.........................................................................................61 Settings........................................................................................62 LCD part for HMI function keys control module................................62 Identification................................................................................ 62 Function block............................................................................. 62 Signals.........................................................................................63 Settings........................................................................................63 Operation principle........................................................................... 64 Local HMI.................................................................................... 64 Display....................................................................................64 LEDs.......................................................................................67 Keypad................................................................................... 67 LED..............................................................................................68 Functionality........................................................................... 68 Status LEDs........................................................................... 69 Indication LEDs...................................................................... 69 Function keys.............................................................................. 77 Functionality........................................................................... 77 Operation principle................................................................. 77 Section 6 Differential protection..................................................... 81 Transformer differential protection....................................................81 Functionality ............................................................................... 81 Transformer differential protection, three winding T3WPDIF ..... 82 Identification........................................................................... 82 Function block........................................................................ 82 Signals....................................................................................82 Settings.................................................................................. 83 Monitored data....................................................................... 85 Operation principle...................................................................... 85 Function calculation principles............................................... 86 Fundamental frequency differential currents.......................... 87 Differential current alarm........................................................ 92 Bias current............................................................................ 92 Elimination of zero sequence currents................................... 92 Restrained and unrestrained limits of the differential protection................................................................................93 Fundamental frequency negative sequence differential currents.................................................................................. 95 Internal/external fault discriminator........................................ 97 Unrestrained, and sensitive negative sequence protections 100 Table of contents 2 Technical manual

Harmonic and waveform block criteria................................. 102 Switch onto fault feature.......................................................103 Logic diagram.......................................................................104 Technical data........................................................................... 109 Restricted earth-fault protection, low impedance REFPDIF .......... 109 Identification.............................................................................. 109 Functionality.............................................................................. 110 Function block........................................................................... 110 Signals.......................................................................................110 Settings......................................................................................111 Monitored data...........................................................................111 Operation principle.................................................................... 112 Fundamental principles of the restricted earth-fault protection..............................................................................112 Operate and restrain characteristic...................................... 114 Calculation of differential current and bias current............... 115 Detection of external earth faults..........................................116 Algorithm of the restricted earth-fault protection.................. 117 Technical data........................................................................... 118 1Ph High impedance differential protection HZPDIF .....................118 Identification.............................................................................. 118 Introduction................................................................................119 Function block........................................................................... 119 Signals.......................................................................................119 Settings......................................................................................120 Monitored data...........................................................................120 Operation principle.................................................................... 120 Logic diagram.......................................................................120 Technical data........................................................................... 121 Generator differential protection GENPDIF ................................... 121 Identification.............................................................................. 121 Functionality.............................................................................. 122 Function block........................................................................... 123 Signals.......................................................................................123 Settings......................................................................................124 Operation principle.................................................................... 125 Function calculation principles............................................. 126 Fundamental frequency differential currents........................ 126 Supplementary criteria......................................................... 131 Harmonic restrain................................................................. 134 Cross-block logic scheme.................................................... 134 Simplified block diagrams.....................................................134 Table of contents 3 Technical manual

Section 7 Impedance protection...................................................139 Power swing detection ZMRPSB ...................................................139 Identification.............................................................................. 139 Functionality.............................................................................. 139 Function block........................................................................... 139 Signals.......................................................................................140 Settings......................................................................................140 Operation principle.................................................................... 141 Resistive reach in forward direction..................................... 142 Resistive reach in reverse direction..................................... 143 Reactive reach in forward and reverse direction.................. 144 Basic detection logic.............................................................144 Operating and inhibit conditions...........................................146 Technical data........................................................................... 146 Underimpedance protection for generators and transformers ZGCPDIS........................................................................................146 Identification.............................................................................. 146 Functionality.............................................................................. 147 Function block........................................................................... 147 Signals.......................................................................................148 Settings......................................................................................148 Operation principle.................................................................... 149 Full scheme measurement................................................... 149 Impedance characteristic..................................................... 149 Basic operation characteristics.............................................150 Theory of operation.............................................................. 151 Technical data........................................................................... 153 Loss of excitation LEXPDIS............................................................153 Identification.............................................................................. 153 Functionality.............................................................................. 153 Function block........................................................................... 154 Signals.......................................................................................154 Settings......................................................................................155 Monitored data...........................................................................156 Operation principle.................................................................... 156 Technical data........................................................................... 160 Out-of-step protection OOSPPAM..................................................160 Identification.............................................................................. 160 Functionality.............................................................................. 160 Function block........................................................................... 161 Signals.......................................................................................161 Settings......................................................................................162 Table of contents 4 Technical manual

Lens characteristic............................................................... 166 Detecting an out-of-step condition........................................168 Maximum slip frequency.......................................................169 Taking care of the circuit breaker soundness.......................170 Design.................................................................................. 172 Technical data........................................................................... 172 Load encroachment LEPDIS .........................................................173 Identification.............................................................................. 173 Functionality.............................................................................. 173 Function block........................................................................... 173 Signals.......................................................................................173 Settings......................................................................................174 Operation principle.................................................................... 174 Load encroachment..............................................................174 Simplified logic diagrams......................................................175 Technical data........................................................................... 176 Section 8 Current protection.........................................................177 Four step phase overcurrent protection 3-phase output OC4PTOC ..................................................................................... 177 Identification ............................................................................. 177 Functionality.............................................................................. 177 Function block........................................................................... 178 Signals.......................................................................................178 Settings......................................................................................179 Monitored data...........................................................................181 Operation principle.................................................................... 181 Second harmonic blocking element...........................................185 Technical data........................................................................... 186 Four step residual overcurrent protection, zero, negative sequence direction EF4PTOC .......................................................186 Identification ............................................................................. 186 Functionality.............................................................................. 187 Function block........................................................................... 187 Signals.......................................................................................188 Settings......................................................................................189 Monitored data...........................................................................191 Operation principle.................................................................... 191 Operating quantity within the function.................................. 192 Internal polarizing.................................................................193 External polarizing for earth-fault function............................195 Base quantities within the protection....................................196 Table of contents 5 Technical manual

Four residual overcurrent steps............................................196 Directional supervision element with integrated directional comparison function............................................197 Second harmonic blocking element...........................................201 Technical data........................................................................... 202 Sensitive directional residual overcurrent and power protection SDEPSDE ..................................................................................... 203 Identification.............................................................................. 203 Functionality.............................................................................. 203 Function block........................................................................... 204 Signals.......................................................................................204 Settings......................................................................................205 Monitored data...........................................................................206 Operation principle ................................................................... 206 Function inputs.....................................................................206 Directional residual current protection measuring 3I0·cos φ.207 Directional residual power protection measuring 3I0 · 3U0 · cos φ...................................................................................209 Directional residual current protection measuring 3I0 and φ 210 Directional functions.............................................................211 Non-directional earth fault current protection....................... 211 Residual overvoltage release and protection....................... 211 Technical data........................................................................... 213 Thermal overload protection, two time constants TRPTTR ...........214 Identification ............................................................................. 214 Functionality.............................................................................. 214 Function block........................................................................... 215 Signals.......................................................................................215 Settings......................................................................................216 Monitored data...........................................................................217 Operation principle.................................................................... 217 Technical data........................................................................... 221 Breaker failure protection 3-phase activation and output CCRBRF 221 Identification.............................................................................. 221 Functionality.............................................................................. 221 Function block........................................................................... 222 Signals.......................................................................................222 Settings......................................................................................223 Monitored data...........................................................................223 Operation principle.................................................................... 224 Technical data........................................................................... 226 Pole discordance protection CCRPLD .......................................... 227 Table of contents 6 Technical manual

Functionality.............................................................................. 227 Function block........................................................................... 227 Signals.......................................................................................228 Settings......................................................................................228 Monitored data...........................................................................229 Operation principle.................................................................... 229 Pole discordance signaling from circuit breaker...................230 Unsymmetrical current detection..........................................230 Technical data........................................................................... 231 Directional over-/under-power protection GOPPDOP/GUPPDUP. 231 Functionality.............................................................................. 231 Directional overpower protection GOPPDOP ...........................232 Identification......................................................................... 232 Function block...................................................................... 232 Signals..................................................................................232 Settings................................................................................ 233 Monitored data..................................................................... 234 Directional underpower protection GUPPDUP..........................234 Identification......................................................................... 234 Function block...................................................................... 234 Signals..................................................................................235 Settings................................................................................ 235 Monitored data..................................................................... 236 Operation principle.................................................................... 236 Low pass filtering..................................................................238 Technical data........................................................................... 239 Accidental energizing protection for synchronous generator AEGGAPC......................................................................................239 Identification.............................................................................. 239 Functionality ............................................................................. 239 Function block........................................................................... 240 Signals.......................................................................................240 Settings......................................................................................241 Monitored data...........................................................................241 Operation principle.................................................................... 241 Technical data........................................................................... 242 Negative-sequence time overcurrent protection for machines NS2PTOC ......................................................................................243 Identification.............................................................................. 243 Functionality.............................................................................. 243 Function block........................................................................... 244 Signals.......................................................................................244 Settings......................................................................................245 Table of contents 7 Technical manual

Start sensitivity..................................................................... 248 Alarm function...................................................................... 248 Logic diagram.......................................................................248 Technical data........................................................................... 249 Voltage-restrained time overcurrent protection VRPVOC.............. 249 Identification.............................................................................. 249 Functionality.............................................................................. 249 Function block........................................................................... 250 Signals.......................................................................................250 Settings......................................................................................251 Monitored data...........................................................................252 Operation principle.................................................................... 252 Measured quantities.............................................................252 Base quantities.....................................................................252 Overcurrent protection..........................................................252 Logic diagram.......................................................................254 Undervoltage protection....................................................... 254 Technical data........................................................................... 255 Section 9 Voltage protection........................................................ 257 Two step undervoltage protection UV2PTUV ................................257 Identification.............................................................................. 257 Functionality.............................................................................. 257 Function block........................................................................... 257 Signals.......................................................................................258 Settings......................................................................................258 Monitored data...........................................................................259 Operation principle.................................................................... 259 Measurement principle.........................................................260 Time delay............................................................................260 Blocking................................................................................261 Design.................................................................................. 261 Technical data........................................................................... 262 Two step overvoltage protection OV2PTOV ..................................263 Identification.............................................................................. 263 Functionality.............................................................................. 263 Function block........................................................................... 264 Signals.......................................................................................264 Settings......................................................................................265 Monitored data...........................................................................265 Operation principle.................................................................... 266 Measurement principle.........................................................266 Table of contents 8 Technical manual

Two step residual overvoltage protection ROV2PTOV ................. 270 Identification.............................................................................. 270 Functionality.............................................................................. 270 Function block........................................................................... 271 Signals.......................................................................................271 Settings......................................................................................271 Monitored data...........................................................................272 Operation principle.................................................................... 272 Measurement principle.........................................................273 Time delay............................................................................273 Blocking................................................................................273 Design.................................................................................. 273 Technical data........................................................................... 275 Overexcitation protection OEXPVPH ............................................ 275 Identification.............................................................................. 275 Functionality.............................................................................. 275 Function block........................................................................... 276 Signals.......................................................................................276 Settings......................................................................................276 Monitored data...........................................................................277 Operation principle.................................................................... 277 Measured voltage.................................................................279 Operate time of the overexcitation protection.......................280 Cooling................................................................................. 282 Overexcitation protection function measurands................... 283 Overexcitation alarm............................................................ 283 Logic diagram.......................................................................284 Technical data........................................................................... 284 100% Stator earth fault protection, 3rd harmonic based STEFPHIZ285 Identification.............................................................................. 285 Functionality.............................................................................. 285 Function block........................................................................... 286 Signals.......................................................................................286 Settings......................................................................................287 Monitored data...........................................................................288 Operation principle.................................................................... 288 Technical data........................................................................... 293 Section 10 Frequency protection....................................................295 Underfrequency protection SAPTUF ............................................. 295 Table of contents 9 Technical manual

Signals.......................................................................................296 Settings......................................................................................296 Monitored data...........................................................................296 Operation principle.................................................................... 296 Measurement principle.........................................................297 Time delay............................................................................297 Blocking................................................................................298 Design.................................................................................. 298 Technical data........................................................................... 298 Overfrequency protection SAPTOF ...............................................298 Identification.............................................................................. 299 Functionality.............................................................................. 299 Function block........................................................................... 299 Signals.......................................................................................299 Settings......................................................................................300 Monitored data...........................................................................300 Operation principle.................................................................... 300 Measurement principle.........................................................300 Time delay............................................................................301 Blocking................................................................................301 Design.................................................................................. 301 Technical data........................................................................... 302 Rate-of-change frequency protection SAPFRC .............................302 Identification.............................................................................. 303 Functionality.............................................................................. 303 Function block........................................................................... 303 Signals.......................................................................................303 Settings......................................................................................304 Operation principle.................................................................... 304 Measurement principle.........................................................304 Time delay............................................................................304 Design.................................................................................. 305 Technical data........................................................................... 306 Section 11 Secondary system supervision.....................................307 Fuse failure supervision SDDRFUF............................................... 307 Identification.............................................................................. 307 Functionality.............................................................................. 307 Function block........................................................................... 308 Signals.......................................................................................308 Settings......................................................................................309 Table of contents 10 Technical manual

Zero and negative sequence detection................................ 310 Delta current and delta voltage detection.............................311 Dead line detection...............................................................314 Main logic............................................................................. 314 Technical data........................................................................... 318 Breaker close/trip circuit monitoring TCSSCBR............................. 318 Identification.............................................................................. 318 Functionality.............................................................................. 318 Function block........................................................................... 318 Signals.......................................................................................319 Settings......................................................................................319 Operation principle.................................................................... 319 Technical data........................................................................... 320 Section 12 Control..........................................................................321 Synchrocheck, energizing check, and synchronizing SESRSYN...321 Identification.............................................................................. 321 Functionality.............................................................................. 321 Function block........................................................................... 322 Signals.......................................................................................322 Settings......................................................................................324 Monitored data...........................................................................326 Operation principle.................................................................... 327 Basic functionality.................................................................327 Synchrocheck.......................................................................327 Synchronizing.......................................................................329 Energizing check..................................................................330 Fuse failure supervision....................................................... 331 Voltage selection..................................................................331 Voltage selection for a single circuit breaker with double busbars.................................................................................332 Voltage selection for a 1 1/2 circuit breaker arrangement....333 Technical data........................................................................... 337 Apparatus control........................................................................... 338 Functionality.............................................................................. 338 Switch controller SCSWI........................................................... 338 Identification ........................................................................ 338 Functionality......................................................................... 338 Function block...................................................................... 339 Signals..................................................................................339 Settings................................................................................ 340 Circuit breaker SXCBR..............................................................340 Table of contents 11 Technical manual

Signals..................................................................................341 Settings................................................................................ 342 Bay control QCBAY...................................................................343 Identification ........................................................................ 343 Functionality......................................................................... 343 Function block...................................................................... 343 Signals..................................................................................343 Settings................................................................................ 344 Local remote LOCREM............................................................. 344 Identification ........................................................................ 344 Functionality......................................................................... 344 Function block...................................................................... 344 Signals..................................................................................344 Settings................................................................................ 345 Local remote control LOCREMCTRL........................................ 345 Identification ........................................................................ 345 Functionality......................................................................... 345 Function block...................................................................... 346 Signals..................................................................................346 Settings................................................................................ 347 Select release SELGGIO...........................................................347 Identification......................................................................... 347 Function block...................................................................... 347 Signals..................................................................................347 Settings................................................................................ 348 Operation principle.................................................................... 348 Switch controller SCSWI...................................................... 348 Bay control QCBAY..............................................................352 Local remote/Local remote control LOCREM/ LOCREMCTRL.....................................................................354 Interlocking..................................................................................... 355 Functionality.............................................................................. 355 Logical node for interlocking SCILO .........................................355 Identification......................................................................... 355 Functionality......................................................................... 355 Function block...................................................................... 355 Logic diagram.......................................................................356 Signals..................................................................................356 Settings................................................................................ 357 Interlocking for busbar earthing switch BB_ES .........................357 Table of contents 12 Technical manual

Logic diagram.......................................................................357 Signals..................................................................................358 Settings................................................................................ 358 Interlocking for bus-section breaker A1A2_BS..........................358 Identification......................................................................... 358 Functionality......................................................................... 358 Function block...................................................................... 359 Logic diagram.......................................................................360 Signals..................................................................................361 Settings................................................................................ 363 Interlocking for bus-section disconnector A1A2_DC ................ 363 Identification......................................................................... 363 Functionality......................................................................... 363 Function block...................................................................... 364 Logic diagram.......................................................................364 Signals..................................................................................364 Settings................................................................................ 365 Interlocking for bus-coupler bay ABC_BC ................................ 365 Identification......................................................................... 366 Functionality......................................................................... 366 Function block...................................................................... 367 Logic diagram.......................................................................367 Signals..................................................................................370 Settings................................................................................ 372 Interlocking for 1 1/2 CB BH .....................................................372 Identification......................................................................... 372 Functionality......................................................................... 373 Function block...................................................................... 374 Logic diagrams.....................................................................376 Signals..................................................................................381 Settings................................................................................ 385 Interlocking for double CB bay DB ........................................... 385 Identification......................................................................... 385 Functionality......................................................................... 386 Function block...................................................................... 387 Logic diagrams.....................................................................388 Signals..................................................................................391 Settings................................................................................ 394 Interlocking for line bay ABC_LINE .......................................... 394 Identification......................................................................... 394 Table of contents 13 Technical manual

Logic diagram.......................................................................397 Signals..................................................................................402 Settings................................................................................ 404 Interlocking for transformer bay AB_TRAFO ............................404 Identification......................................................................... 405 Functionality......................................................................... 405 Function block...................................................................... 406 Logic diagram.......................................................................406 Signals..................................................................................408 Settings................................................................................ 409 Position evaluation POS_EVAL.................................................410 Identification......................................................................... 410 Functionality......................................................................... 410 Function block...................................................................... 410 Logic diagram.......................................................................410 Signals..................................................................................411 Settings................................................................................ 411 Operation principle.................................................................... 411 Logic rotating switch for function selection and LHMI presentation SLGGIO.....................................................................414 Identification.............................................................................. 414 Functionality.............................................................................. 414 Function block........................................................................... 415 Signals.......................................................................................415 Settings......................................................................................416 Monitored data...........................................................................417 Operation principle.................................................................... 417 Selector mini switch VSGGIO.........................................................417 Identification.............................................................................. 417 Functionality.............................................................................. 418 Function block........................................................................... 418 Signals.......................................................................................418 Settings......................................................................................419 Operation principle.................................................................... 419 IEC 61850 generic communication I/O functions DPGGIO............ 420 Identification.............................................................................. 420 Functionality.............................................................................. 420 Function block........................................................................... 420 Signals.......................................................................................420 Settings......................................................................................421 Operation principle.................................................................... 421 Table of contents 14 Technical manual

Identification.............................................................................. 421 Functionality.............................................................................. 421 Function block........................................................................... 421 Signals.......................................................................................422 Settings......................................................................................422 Operation principle.................................................................... 423 Automation bits AUTOBITS............................................................423 Identification.............................................................................. 423 Functionality.............................................................................. 423 Function block........................................................................... 424 Signals.......................................................................................424 Settings......................................................................................425 Operation principle.................................................................... 425 Function commands for IEC 60870-5-103 I103CMD..................... 426 Functionality.............................................................................. 426 Function block........................................................................... 426 Signals.......................................................................................426 Settings......................................................................................427 IED commands for IEC 60870-5-103 I103IEDCMD....................... 427 Functionality.............................................................................. 427 Function block........................................................................... 427 Signals.......................................................................................427 Settings......................................................................................428 Function commands user defined for IEC 60870-5-103 I103USRCMD.................................................................................428 Functionality.............................................................................. 428 Function block........................................................................... 428 Signals.......................................................................................428 Settings......................................................................................429 Function commands generic for IEC 60870-5-103 I103GENCMD.429 Functionality.............................................................................. 429 Function block........................................................................... 430 Signals.......................................................................................430 Settings......................................................................................430 IED commands with position and select for IEC 60870-5-103 I103POSCMD.................................................................................430 Functionality.............................................................................. 430 Function block........................................................................... 431 Signals.......................................................................................431 Settings......................................................................................431 Section 13 Logic.............................................................................433 Tripping logic common 3-phase output SMPPTRC........................433 Table of contents 15 Technical manual

Signals.......................................................................................434 Settings......................................................................................434 Operation principle.................................................................... 434 Technical data........................................................................... 435 Trip matrix logic TMAGGIO............................................................ 435 Identification.............................................................................. 435 Functionality.............................................................................. 435 Function block........................................................................... 436 Signals.......................................................................................436 Settings......................................................................................437 Operation principle.................................................................... 438 Configurable logic blocks................................................................439 Standard configurable logic blocks............................................439 Functionality......................................................................... 439 OR function block.................................................................441 Inverter function block INVERTER....................................... 442 PULSETIMER function block .............................................. 443 Controllable gate function block GATE................................ 444 Exclusive OR function block XOR........................................ 445 Loop delay function block LOOPDELAY.............................. 446 Timer function block TIMERSET.......................................... 447 AND function block ..............................................................448 Set-reset memory function block SRMEMORY....................449 Reset-set with memory function block RSMEMORY........... 450 Technical data........................................................................... 452 Fixed signals FXDSIGN..................................................................453 Identification.............................................................................. 453 Functionality.............................................................................. 453 Function block........................................................................... 453 Signals.......................................................................................453 Settings......................................................................................454 Operation principle.................................................................... 454 Boolean 16 to integer conversion B16I...........................................454 Identification.............................................................................. 454 Functionality.............................................................................. 454 Function block........................................................................... 455 Signals.......................................................................................455 Settings......................................................................................456 Monitored data...........................................................................456 Operation principle.................................................................... 456 Table of contents 16 Technical manual

B16IFCVI........................................................................................457 Identification.............................................................................. 457 Functionality.............................................................................. 457 Function block........................................................................... 458 Signals.......................................................................................458 Settings......................................................................................459 Monitored data...........................................................................459 Operation principle.................................................................... 459 Integer to boolean 16 conversion IB16A........................................ 460 Identification.............................................................................. 460 Functionality.............................................................................. 460 Function block........................................................................... 460 Signals.......................................................................................461 Settings......................................................................................461 Operation principle.................................................................... 461 Integer to boolean 16 conversion with logic node representation IB16FCVB.......................................................................................463 Identification.............................................................................. 463 Functionality.............................................................................. 463 Function block........................................................................... 463 Signals.......................................................................................463 Settings......................................................................................464 Operation principle.................................................................... 464 Elapsed time integrator with limit transgression and overflow supervision TEIGGIO..................................................................... 465 Identification.............................................................................. 465 Functionality.............................................................................. 466 Function block........................................................................... 466 Signals.......................................................................................466 Settings......................................................................................467 Operation principle.................................................................... 467 Operation Accuracy..............................................................468 Memory storage................................................................... 468 Technical data........................................................................... 469 Section 14 Monitoring.....................................................................471 Measurements................................................................................471 Functionality.............................................................................. 471 Measurements CVMMXN..........................................................472 Identification ........................................................................ 472 Function block...................................................................... 473 Signals..................................................................................473 Settings................................................................................ 474 Table of contents 17 Technical manual

Phase current measurement CMMXU.......................................477 Identification ........................................................................ 477 Function block...................................................................... 478 Signals..................................................................................478 Settings................................................................................ 478 Monitored data..................................................................... 479 Phase-phase voltage measurement VMMXU........................... 480 Identification ........................................................................ 480 Function block...................................................................... 480 Signals..................................................................................480 Settings................................................................................ 481 Monitored data..................................................................... 481 Current sequence component measurement CMSQI............... 482 Identification ........................................................................ 482 Function block...................................................................... 482 Signals..................................................................................482 Settings................................................................................ 483 Monitored data..................................................................... 484 Voltage sequence measurement VMSQI.................................. 484 Identification ........................................................................ 484 Function block...................................................................... 485 Signals..................................................................................485 Settings................................................................................ 486 Monitored data..................................................................... 487 Phase-neutral voltage measurement VNMMXU........................487 Identification ........................................................................ 487 Function block...................................................................... 487 Signals..................................................................................488 Settings................................................................................ 488 Monitored data..................................................................... 489 Operation principle.................................................................... 489 Measurement supervision.................................................... 489 Measurements CVMMXN.....................................................494 Phase current measurement CMMXU................................. 499 Phase-phase and phase-neutral voltage measurements VMMXU, VNMMXU.............................................................. 500 Voltage and current sequence measurements VMSQI, CMSQI..................................................................................500 Technical data........................................................................... 500 Event Counter CNTGGIO...............................................................501 Identification.............................................................................. 501 Functionality.............................................................................. 501 Function block........................................................................... 501 Table of contents 18 Technical manual

Reporting..............................................................................503 Technical data........................................................................... 503 Function description....................................................................... 503 Limit counter L4UFCNT.............................................................503 Introduction................................................................................503 Principle of operation.................................................................504 Design.................................................................................. 504 Reporting..............................................................................505 Function block........................................................................... 505 Signals.......................................................................................506 Settings......................................................................................506 Monitored data...........................................................................507 Technical data........................................................................... 507 Disturbance report..........................................................................507 Functionality.............................................................................. 507 Disturbance report DRPRDRE.................................................. 508 Identification......................................................................... 508 Function block...................................................................... 508 Signals..................................................................................508 Settings................................................................................ 508 Monitored data..................................................................... 509 Analog input signals AxRADR...................................................512 Identification......................................................................... 512 Function block...................................................................... 513 Signals..................................................................................513 Settings................................................................................ 514 Analog input signals A4RADR...................................................517 Identification......................................................................... 517 Function block...................................................................... 517 Signals..................................................................................518 Settings................................................................................ 518 Binary input signals BxRBDR....................................................522 Identification......................................................................... 522 Function block...................................................................... 522 Signals..................................................................................522 Settings................................................................................ 523 Operation principle.................................................................... 528 Disturbance information....................................................... 530 Indications ........................................................................... 530 Table of contents 19 Technical manual

Event list ..............................................................................530 Trip value recorder .............................................................. 530 Disturbance recorder ...........................................................530 Time tagging.........................................................................530 Recording times................................................................... 530 Analog signals......................................................................531 Binary signals.......................................................................533 Trigger signals......................................................................533 Post Retrigger...................................................................... 534 Technical data........................................................................... 535 Indications...................................................................................... 535 Functionality.............................................................................. 535 Function block........................................................................... 536 Signals.......................................................................................536 Input signals......................................................................... 536 Operation principle.................................................................... 536 Technical data........................................................................... 537 Event recorder ...............................................................................537 Functionality.............................................................................. 537 Function block........................................................................... 537 Signals.......................................................................................537 Input signals......................................................................... 537 Operation principle.................................................................... 537 Technical data........................................................................... 538 Event list.........................................................................................538 Functionality.............................................................................. 538 Function block........................................................................... 538 Signals.......................................................................................539 Input signals......................................................................... 539 Operation principle.................................................................... 539 Technical data........................................................................... 539 Trip value recorder......................................................................... 539 Functionality.............................................................................. 539 Function block........................................................................... 540 Signals.......................................................................................540 Input signals......................................................................... 540 Operation principle.................................................................... 540 Technical data........................................................................... 541 Disturbance recorder......................................................................541 Functionality.............................................................................. 541 Function block........................................................................... 541 Signals.......................................................................................541 Table of contents 20 Technical manual

Memory and storage............................................................ 542 Technical data........................................................................... 544 IEC 61850 generic communication I/O functions SPGGIO............ 544 Identification.............................................................................. 544 Functionality.............................................................................. 544 Function block........................................................................... 544 Signals.......................................................................................544 Settings......................................................................................545 Operation principle.................................................................... 545 IEC 61850 generic communication I/O functions 16 inputs SP16GGIO..................................................................................... 545 Identification.............................................................................. 545 Functionality.............................................................................. 545 Function block........................................................................... 545 Signals.......................................................................................546 Settings......................................................................................546 MonitoredData...........................................................................546 Operation principle.................................................................... 547 IEC 61850 generic communication I/O functions MVGGIO............547 Identification.............................................................................. 547 Functionality.............................................................................. 548 Function block........................................................................... 548 Signals.......................................................................................548 Settings......................................................................................548 Monitored data...........................................................................549 Operation principle.................................................................... 549 Measured value expander block MVEXP....................................... 549 Identification.............................................................................. 549 Functionality.............................................................................. 550 Function block........................................................................... 550 Signals.......................................................................................550 Settings......................................................................................550 Operation principle.................................................................... 551 Station battery supervision SPVNZBAT......................................... 551 Identification.............................................................................. 551 Function block........................................................................... 551 Functionality.............................................................................. 551 Signals.......................................................................................552 Settings......................................................................................552 Measured values....................................................................... 553 Monitored Data..........................................................................553 Table of contents 21 Technical manual

Technical data........................................................................... 554 Insulation gas monitoring function SSIMG..................................... 554 Identification.............................................................................. 554 Functionality.............................................................................. 555 Function block........................................................................... 555 Signals.......................................................................................555 Settings......................................................................................556 Operation principle.................................................................... 556 Technical data........................................................................... 557 Insulation liquid monitoring function SSIML....................................557 Identification.............................................................................. 557 Functionality.............................................................................. 557 Function block........................................................................... 557 Signals.......................................................................................558 Settings......................................................................................558 Operation principle.................................................................... 559 Technical data........................................................................... 559 Circuit breaker condition monitoring SSCBR..................................559 Identification.............................................................................. 559 Functionality.............................................................................. 560 Function block........................................................................... 560 Signals.......................................................................................560 Settings......................................................................................561 Monitored data...........................................................................562 Operation principle.................................................................... 563 Circuit breaker status........................................................... 564 Circuit breaker operation monitoring.................................... 565 Breaker contact travel time...................................................566 Operation counter.................................................................567 Accumulation of Iyt................................................................568 Remaining life of the circuit breaker..................................... 570 Circuit breaker spring charged indication............................. 571 Gas pressure supervision.....................................................572 Technical data........................................................................... 573 Measurands for IEC 60870-5-103 I103MEAS................................ 573 Functionality.............................................................................. 573 Function block........................................................................... 574 Signals.......................................................................................575 Settings......................................................................................575 Measurands user defined signals for IEC 60870-5-103 I103MEASUSR...............................................................................576 Functionality.............................................................................. 576 Table of contents 22 Technical manual

Signals.......................................................................................576 Settings......................................................................................577 Function status auto-recloser for IEC 60870-5-103 I103AR...........577 Functionality.............................................................................. 577 Function block........................................................................... 577 Signals.......................................................................................578 Settings......................................................................................578 Function status earth-fault for IEC 60870-5-103 I103EF................578 Functionality.............................................................................. 578 Function block........................................................................... 578 Signals.......................................................................................578 Settings......................................................................................579 Function status fault protection for IEC 60870-5-103 I103FLTPROT................................................................................ 579 Functionality.............................................................................. 579 Function block........................................................................... 580 Signals.......................................................................................580 Settings......................................................................................581 IED status for IEC 60870-5-103 I103IED....................................... 581 Functionality.............................................................................. 581 Function block........................................................................... 582 Signals.......................................................................................582 Settings......................................................................................582 Supervison status for IEC 60870-5-103 I103SUPERV...................582 Functionality.............................................................................. 582 Function block........................................................................... 583 Signals.......................................................................................583 Settings......................................................................................583 Status for user defined signals for IEC 60870-5-103 I103USRDEF583 Functionality.............................................................................. 583 Function block........................................................................... 584 Signals.......................................................................................584 Settings......................................................................................585 Section 15 Metering....................................................................... 587 Pulse counter PCGGIO.................................................................. 587 Identification.............................................................................. 587 Functionality.............................................................................. 587 Function block........................................................................... 587 Signals.......................................................................................587 Settings......................................................................................588 Monitored data...........................................................................588 Operation principle.................................................................... 588 Table of contents 23 Technical manual

Energy calculation and demand handling ETPMMTR....................590 Identification.............................................................................. 590 Functionality.............................................................................. 590 Function block........................................................................... 591 Signals.......................................................................................591 Settings......................................................................................592 Monitored data...........................................................................593 Operation principle.................................................................... 593 Technical data........................................................................... 594 Section 16 Station communication.................................................595 DNP3 protocol................................................................................ 595 IEC 61850-8-1 communication protocol ........................................ 595 Identification.............................................................................. 595 Functionality.............................................................................. 595 Communication interfaces and protocols.................................. 596 Settings......................................................................................596 Technical data........................................................................... 597 Horizontal communication via GOOSE for interlocking.................. 597 Identification.............................................................................. 597 Function block........................................................................... 598 Signals.......................................................................................598 Settings......................................................................................600 Goose binary receive GOOSEBINRCV..........................................600 Identification.............................................................................. 600 Function block........................................................................... 601 Signals.......................................................................................601 Settings......................................................................................602 Operation principle.................................................................... 602 GOOSE function block to receive a double point value GOOSEDPRCV..............................................................................603 Identification.............................................................................. 603 Functionality.............................................................................. 603 Function block........................................................................... 603 Signals.......................................................................................603 Settings......................................................................................604 Operation principle ................................................................... 604 GOOSE function block to receive an integer value GOOSEINTRCV............................................................................. 604 Identification.............................................................................. 604 Functionality.............................................................................. 605 Function block........................................................................... 605 Signals.......................................................................................605 Table of contents 24 Technical manual

GOOSE function block to receive a measurand value GOOSEMVRCV............................................................................. 606 Identification.............................................................................. 606 Functionality.............................................................................. 606 Function block........................................................................... 606 Signals.......................................................................................606 Settings......................................................................................607 Operation principle ................................................................... 607 GOOSE function block to receive a single point value GOOSESPRCV..............................................................................607 Identification.............................................................................. 607 Functionality.............................................................................. 608 Function block........................................................................... 608 Signals.......................................................................................608 Settings......................................................................................608 Operation principle ................................................................... 608 IEC 60870-5-103 communication protocol..................................... 609 Functionality.............................................................................. 609 Settings......................................................................................610 IEC 61850-8-1 redundant station bus communication................... 610 Functionality ............................................................................. 611 Principle of operation.................................................................611 Function block........................................................................... 612 Setting parameters.................................................................... 613 Activity logging parameters ACTIVLOG......................................... 613 Activity logging ACTIVLOG....................................................... 613 Settings......................................................................................613 Generic security application component AGSAL............................614 Generic security application AGSAL......................................... 614 Security events on protocols SECALARM......................................614 Security alarm SECALARM.......................................................614 Signals.......................................................................................614 Settings......................................................................................614 Section 17 Basic IED functions...................................................... 615 Self supervision with internal event list ..........................................615 Functionality.............................................................................. 615 Internal error signals INTERRSIG............................................. 615 Identification......................................................................... 615 Function block...................................................................... 615 Signals..................................................................................615 Settings................................................................................ 616 Table of contents 25 Technical manual

Identification......................................................................... 616 Settings................................................................................ 616 Operation principle.................................................................... 616 Internal signals..................................................................... 618 Run-time model....................................................................620 Technical data........................................................................... 621 Time synchronization......................................................................622 Functionality.............................................................................. 622 Time synchronization TIMESYNCHGEN...................................622 Identification......................................................................... 622 Settings................................................................................ 622 Time synchronization via SNTP................................................ 622 Identification......................................................................... 622 Settings................................................................................ 623 Time system, summer time begin DSTBEGIN.......................... 623 Identification......................................................................... 623 Settings................................................................................ 623 Time system, summer time ends DSTEND...............................624 Identification......................................................................... 624 Settings................................................................................ 624 Time zone from UTC TIMEZONE..............................................624 Identification......................................................................... 624 Settings................................................................................ 625 Time synchronization via IRIG-B...............................................625 Identification......................................................................... 625 Settings................................................................................ 625 Operation principle.................................................................... 625 General concepts................................................................. 625 Real-time clock (RTC) operation.......................................... 627 Synchronization alternatives................................................ 627 Technical data........................................................................... 629 Parameter setting group handling.................................................. 629 Functionality.............................................................................. 629 Setting group handling SETGRPS............................................ 629 Identification......................................................................... 629 Settings................................................................................ 629 Parameter setting groups ACTVGRP........................................630 Identification......................................................................... 630 Function block...................................................................... 630 Signals..................................................................................630 Settings................................................................................ 630 Operation principle.................................................................... 631 Table of contents 26 Technical manual

Identification.............................................................................. 632 Functionality.............................................................................. 632 Function block........................................................................... 632 Signals.......................................................................................632 Settings......................................................................................633 Operation principle.................................................................... 633 Change lock function CHNGLCK .................................................. 634 Identification.............................................................................. 634 Functionality.............................................................................. 634 Function block........................................................................... 635 Signals.......................................................................................635 Settings......................................................................................635 Operation principle.................................................................... 635 IED identifiers TERMINALID.......................................................... 636 Identification.............................................................................. 636 Functionality.............................................................................. 636 Settings......................................................................................636 Product information ....................................................................... 637 Identification.............................................................................. 637 Functionality.............................................................................. 637 Settings......................................................................................637 Primary system values PRIMVAL...................................................637 Identification.............................................................................. 637 Functionality.............................................................................. 638 Settings......................................................................................638 Signal matrix for analog inputs SMAI............................................. 638 Functionality.............................................................................. 638 Identification.............................................................................. 638 Function block........................................................................... 639 Signals.......................................................................................639 Settings......................................................................................641 Operation principle ................................................................... 642 Summation block 3 phase 3PHSUM.............................................. 646 Identification.............................................................................. 646 Functionality.............................................................................. 646 Function block........................................................................... 646 Signals.......................................................................................646 Settings......................................................................................647 Operation principle.................................................................... 647 Global base values GBASVAL....................................................... 647 Identification.............................................................................. 648 Functionality.............................................................................. 648 Table of contents 27 Technical manual

Identification.............................................................................. 648 Functionality.............................................................................. 648 Settings......................................................................................649 Operation principle.................................................................... 649 Authorization handling in the IED.........................................650 Authority management AUTHMAN.................................................651 Identification.............................................................................. 651 AUTHMAN.................................................................................651 Settings......................................................................................651 FTP access with password FTPACCS........................................... 652 Identification.............................................................................. 652 FTP access with SSL FTPACCS...............................................652 Settings......................................................................................652 Authority status ATHSTAT............................................................. 653 Identification.............................................................................. 653 Functionality.............................................................................. 653 Function block........................................................................... 653 Signals.......................................................................................653 Settings......................................................................................653 Operation principle.................................................................... 653 Denial of service.............................................................................654 Functionality.............................................................................. 654 Denial of service, frame rate control for front port DOSFRNT...654 Identification......................................................................... 654 Function block...................................................................... 654 Signals..................................................................................654 Settings................................................................................ 655 Monitored data..................................................................... 655 Denial of service, frame rate control for LAN1 port DOSLAN1..655 Identification......................................................................... 655 Function block...................................................................... 656 Signals..................................................................................656 Settings................................................................................ 656 Monitored data..................................................................... 656 Operation principle.................................................................... 657 Section 18 IED physical connections............................................. 659 Protective earth connections.......................................................... 659 Inputs..............................................................................................659 Measuring inputs....................................................................... 659 Auxiliary supply voltage input.................................................... 660 Binary inputs..............................................................................661 Table of contents 28 Technical manual

Outputs for signalling.................................................................666 IRF.............................................................................................669 Communication connections.......................................................... 669 Ethernet RJ-45 front connection................................................669 Station communication rear connection.................................... 670 Optical serial rear connection....................................................670 EIA-485 serial rear connection.................................................. 670 Communication interfaces and protocols.................................. 671 Recommended industrial Ethernet switches............................. 671 Connection diagrams......................................................................671 Section 19 Technical data..............................................................673 Dimensions.....................................................................................673 Power supply..................................................................................673 Energizing inputs............................................................................674 Binary inputs...................................................................................674 Signal outputs.................................................................................675 Power outputs.................................................................................675 Data communication interfaces...................................................... 676 Enclosure class.............................................................................. 677 Ingress protection...........................................................................677 Environmental conditions and tests................................................678 Section 20 IED and functionality tests............................................679 Electromagnetic compatibility tests................................................ 679 Insulation tests................................................................................681 Mechanical tests.............................................................................681 Product safety.................................................................................681 EMC compliance............................................................................ 682 Section 21 Time inverse characteristics.........................................683 Application......................................................................................683 Operation principle......................................................................... 686 Mode of operation......................................................................686 Inverse time characteristics............................................................ 689 Section 22 Glossary....................................................................... 713 Table of contents 29 Technical manual

function blocks, logic diagrams, input and output signals, setting parameters and technical data, sorted per function. The manual can be used as a technical reference during the engineering phase, installation and commissioning phase, and during normal service. 1.2 Intended audience This manual addresses system engineers and installation and commissioning personnel, who use technical data during engineering, installation and commissioning, and in normal service. The system engineer must have a thorough knowledge of protection systems, protection equipment, protection functions and the configured functional logic in the IEDs. The installation and commissioning personnel must have a basic knowledge in handling electronic equipment. 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 1 Introduction 31 Technical manual

IEC07000220-3-en.vsd Planning & purchase Engineering Installing Commissioning Operation Maintenance Decommissioning Deinstalling & disposal Application manual Operation manual Installation manual Engineering manual Communication protocol manual Technical manual Commissioning manual IEC07000220 V3 EN Figure 1: The intended use of manuals throughout the product lifecycle The engineering manual contains instructions on how to engineer the IEDs using the various tools available within the PCM600 software. The manual provides instructions on how to set up a PCM600 project and insert IEDs to the project structure. The manual also recommends a sequence for the engineering of protection and control functions, LHMI functions as well as communication engineering for IEC 60870-5-103, IEC 61850 and DNP 3.0. The installation manual contains instructions on how to install the IED. The manual provides procedures for mechanical and electrical installation. The chapters are organized in the chronological order in which the IED should be installed. The commissioning manual contains instructions on how to commission the IED. The manual can also be used by system engineers and maintenance personnel for assistance during the testing phase. The manual provides procedures for the checking of external circuitry and energizing the IED, parameter setting and configuration as well as verifying settings by secondary injection. The manual describes the process of testing an IED in a substation which is not in service. The chapters are organized in the Section 1 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Introduction 32 Technical manual

procedures may be followed also during the service and maintenance activities. The operation manual contains instructions on how to operate the IED once it has been commissioned. The manual provides instructions for the monitoring, controlling and setting of the IED. The manual also describes how to identify disturbances and how to view calculated and measured power grid data to determine the cause of a fault. The application manual contains application descriptions and setting guidelines sorted per function. The manual can be used to find out when and for what purpose a typical protection function can be used. The manual can also provides assistance for calculating settings. The technical manual contains application and functionality descriptions and lists function blocks, logic diagrams, input and output signals, setting parameters and technical data, sorted per function. The manual can be used as a technical reference during the engineering phase, installation and commissioning phase, and during normal service. The communication protocol manual describes the communication protocols supported by the IED. The manual concentrates on the vendor-specific implementations. The point list manual describes the outlook and properties of the data points specific to the IED. The manual should be used in conjunction with the corresponding communication protocol manual. 1.3.2 Document revision history Document revision/date History -/March 2013 First release A/October 2016 Minor corrections made 1.3.3 Related documents Documents related to REG650 Identity number Application manual 1MRK 502 047-UEN Technical manual 1MRK 502 048-UEN Commissioning manual 1MRK 502 049-UEN Product Guide 1MRK 502 050-BEN Type test certificate 1MRK 502 050-TEN Rotor Earth Fault Protection with Injection Unit RXTTE4 and REG670 1MRG001910 Application notes for Circuit Breaker Control 1MRG006806 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 1 Introduction 33 Technical manual

Identity number Communication protocol manual, DNP 3.0 1MRK 511 280-UEN Communication protocol manual, IEC 61850–8–1 1MRK 511 281-UEN Communication protocol manual, IEC 60870-5-103 1MRK 511 282-UEN Cyber Security deployment guidelines 1MRK 511 285-UEN Point list manual, DNP 3.0 1MRK 511 283-UEN Engineering manual 1MRK 511 284-UEN Operation manual 1MRK 500 096-UEN Installation manual 1MRK 514 016-UEN Accessories, 650 series 1MRK 513 023-BEN MICS 1MRG 010 656 PICS 1MRG 010 660 PIXIT 1MRG 010 658 1.4 Symbols and conventions 1.4.1 Symbols The electrical warning icon indicates the presence of a hazard which could result in electrical shock. The warning icon indicates the presence of a hazard which could result in personal injury. The caution icon indicates important information or warning related to the concept discussed in the text. It might indicate the presence of a hazard which could result in corruption of software or damage to equipment or property. The information icon alerts the reader of important facts and conditions. The tip icon indicates advice on, for example, how to design your project or how to use a certain function. Although warning hazards are related to personal injury, it is necessary to understand that under certain operational conditions, operation of damaged equipment may result Section 1 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Introduction 34 Technical manual

that the user fully complies with all warning and cautionary notices. 1.4.2 Document conventions • Abbreviations and acronyms in this manual are spelled out in the glossary. The glossary also contains definitions of important terms. • Push button navigation in the LHMI menu structure is presented by using the push button icons. For example, to navigate between the options, use and . • HMI menu paths are presented in bold. For example, select Main menu/Settings. • LHMI messages are shown in Courier font. For example, to save the changes in non-volatile memory, select Yes and press . • Parameter names are shown in italics. For example, the function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. • Each function block symbol shows the available input/output signal. • the character ^ in front of an input/output signal name indicates that the signal name may be customized using the PCM600 software. • the character * after an input/output signal name indicates that the signal must be connected to another function block in the application configuration to achieve a valid application configuration. 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 1 Introduction 35 Technical manual

IEC 61850 or Function name ANSI Function description Generator REG650 REG650 (B01) Gen diff REG650 (B05) Gen+Trafo diff Differential protection T3WPDIF 87T Transformer differential protection, three winding 0–1 1 REFPDIF 87N Restricted earth fault protection, low impedance 0–1 HZPDIF 87 1Ph High impedance differential protection 0–1 1 1 GENPDIF 87G Generator differential protection 0–1 1 Impedance protection ZMRPSB 68 Power swing detection 0–1 ZGCPDIS 21G Underimpedance protection for generators and transformers 0–1 1 1 LEXPDIS 40 Loss of excitation 0–1 1 1 LEPDIS Load encroachment 0–1 1 1 2.2 Back-up protection functions IEC 61850 or Function name ANSI Function description Generator REG650 REG650 (B01) Gen diff REG650 (B05) Gen+Trafo diff Current protection OC4PTOC 51/67 Four step phase overcurrent protection, 3-phase output 0–2 2 2 EF4PTOC 51N/67N Four step residual overcurrent protection, zero/negative sequence direction 0–2 2 2 SDEPSDE 67N Sensitive directional residual overcurrent and power protection 0–1 1 1 TRPTTR 49 Thermal overload protection, two time constants 0–2 2 2 CCRBRF 50BF Breaker failure protection, 3–phase activation and output 0–1 1 1 CCRPLD 52PD Pole discordance protection 0–1 1 1 Table continues on next page 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 2 Available functions 37 Technical manual

Function name ANSI Function description Generator REG650 REG650 (B01) Gen diff REG650 (B05) Gen+Trafo diff GUPPDUP 37 Directional underpower protection 0–1 1 1 GOPPDOP 32 Directional overpower protection 0–2 2 2 AEGGAPC 50AE Accidental energizing protection for synchronous generator 1 1 1 NS2PTOC 46I2 Negative-sequence time overcurrent protection for machines 1 1 1 VRPVOC 51V Voltage-restrained time overcurrent protection 1 1 1 Voltage protection UV2PTUV 27 Two step undervoltage protection 0–1 1 1 OV2PTOV 59 Two step overvoltage protection 0–1 1 1 ROV2PTOV 59N Two step residual overvoltage protection 0–2 2 2 OEXPVPH 24 Overexcitation protection 0–1 1 1 STEFPHIZ 59THD 100% Stator earth fault protection, 3rd harmonic based 0–1 1 1 Frequency protection SAPTUF 81 Underfrequency function 0–4 4 4 SAPTOF 81 Overfrequency function 0–4 4 4 SAPFRC 81 Rate-of-change frequency protection 0–2 2 2 2.3 Control and monitoring functions IEC 61850 or Function name ANSI Function description Generator REG650 REG650 (B01) Gen diff REG650 (B05) Gen+Trafo diff Control SESRSYN 25 Synchrocheck, energizing check, and synchronizing 0–1 1 1 SLGGIO Logic Rotating Switch for function selection and LHMI presentation 15 15 15 VSGGIO Selector mini switch 20 20 20 DPGGIO IEC 61850 generic communication I/O functions double point 16 16 16 SPC8GGIO Single point generic control 8 signals 5 5 5 AUTOBITS AutomationBits, command function for DNP3.0 3 3 3 I103CMD Function commands for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1 I103IEDCMD IED commands for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1 Table continues on next page Section 2 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Available functions 38 Technical manual

name ANSI Function description Generator REG650 REG650 (B01) Gen diff REG650 (B05) Gen+Trafo diff I103USRCMD Function commands user defined for IEC60870-5-103 4 4 4 I103GENCMD Function commands generic for IEC60870-5-103 50 50 50 I103POSCMD IED commands with position and select for IEC60870-5-103 50 50 50 Apparatus control and Interlocking APC8 Apparatus control for single bay, max 8 app. (1CB) incl. interlocking 0–1 SCILO 3 Logical node for interlocking BB_ES 3 Interlocking for busbar earthing switch A1A2_BS 3 Interlocking for bus-section breaker A1A2_DC 3 Interlocking for bus-section disconnector ABC_BC 3 Interlocking for bus-coupler bay BH_CONN 3 Interlocking for 1 1/2 breaker diameter BH_LINE_A 3 Interlocking for 1 1/2 breaker diameter BH_LINE_B 3 Interlocking for 1 1/2 breaker diameter DB_BUS_A 3 Interlocking for double CB bay DB_BUS_B 3 Interlocking for double CB bay DB_LINE 3 Interlocking for double CB bay ABC_LINE 3 Interlocking for line bay AB_TRAFO 3 Interlocking for transformer bay SCSWI Switch controller QCBAY Bay control 1 1 1 LOCREM Handling of LR-switch positions 1 1 1 LOCREMCTRL LHMI control of Permitted Source To Operate (PSTO) 1 1 1 CBC1 Circuit breaker control for 1CB 0–1 1 CBC2 Circuit breaker control for 2CB 0–1 1 Secondary system supervision SDDRFUF Fuse failure supervision 0–1 1 1 TCSSCBR Breaker close/trip circuit monitoring 3 3 3 Logic SMPPTRC 94 Tripping logic, common 3–phase output 1–6 6 6 TMAGGIO Trip matrix logic 12 12 12 OR Configurable logic blocks 283 283 283 INVERTER Configurable logic blocks 140 140 140 PULSETIMER Configurable logic blocks 40 40 40 GATE Configurable logic blocks 40 40 40 Table continues on next page 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 2 Available functions 39 Technical manual

name ANSI Function description Generator REG650 REG650 (B01) Gen diff REG650 (B05) Gen+Trafo diff XOR Configurable logic blocks 40 40 40 LOOPDELAY Configurable logic blocks 40 40 40 TIMERSET Configurable logic blocks 40 40 40 AND Configurable logic blocks 280 280 280 SRMEMORY Configurable logic blocks 40 40 40 RSMEMORY Configurable logic blocks 40 40 40 Q/T Configurable logic blocks Q/T 0–1 ANDQT Configurable logic blocks Q/T 0–120 ORQT Configurable logic blocks Q/T 0–120 INVERTERQT Configurable logic blocks Q/T 0–120 XORQT Configurable logic blocks Q/T 0–40 SRMEMORYQT Configurable logic blocks Q/T 0–40 RSMEMORYQT Configurable logic blocks Q/T 0–40 TIMERSETQT Configurable logic blocks Q/T 0–40 PULSETIMERQT Configurable logic blocks Q/T 0–40 INVALIDQT Configurable logic blocks Q/T 0–12 INDCOMBSPQT Configurable logic blocks Q/T 0–20 INDEXTSPQT Configurable logic blocks Q/T 0–20 FXDSIGN Fixed signal function block 1 1 1 B16I Boolean 16 to Integer conversion 16 16 16 B16IFCVI Boolean 16 to Integer conversion with logic node representation 16 16 16 IB16A Integer to Boolean 16 conversion 16 16 16 IB16FCVB Integer to Boolean 16 conversion with logic node representation 16 16 16 TEIGGIO Elapsed time integrator with limit transgression and overflow supervision 12 12 12 Monitoring CVMMXN Measurements 6 6 6 CMMXU Phase current measurement 10 10 10 VMMXU Phase-phase voltage measurement 6 6 6 CMSQI Current sequence component measurement 6 6 6 VMSQI Voltage sequence measurement 6 6 6 VNMMXU Phase-neutral voltage measurement 6 6 6 AISVBAS Function block for service values presentation of the analog inputs 1 1 1 Table continues on next page Section 2 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Available functions 40 Technical manual

name ANSI Function description Generator REG650 REG650 (B01) Gen diff REG650 (B05) Gen+Trafo diff TM_P_P2 Function block for service values presentation of primary analog inputs 600TRM 1 1 1 AM_P_P4 Function block for service values presentation of primary analog inputs 600AIM 1 1 1 TM_S_P2 Function block for service values presentation of secondary analog inputs 600TRM 1 1 1 AM_S_P4 Function block for service values presentation of secondary analog inputs 600AIM 1 1 1 CNTGGIO Event counter 5 5 5 L4UFCNT Event counter with limit supervision 12 12 12 DRPRDRE Disturbance report 1 1 1 AnRADR Analog input signals 4 4 4 BnRBDR Binary input signals 6 6 6 SPGGIO IEC 61850 generic communication I/O functions 64 64 64 SP16GGIO IEC 61850 generic communication I/O functions 16 inputs 16 16 16 MVGGIO IEC 61850 generic communication I/O functions 16 16 16 MVEXP Measured value expander block 66 66 66 SPVNZBAT Station battery supervision 0–1 1 1 SSIMG 63 Insulation gas monitoring function 0–2 2 2 SSIML 71 Insulation liquid monitoring function 0–2 2 2 SSCBR Circuit breaker condition monitoring 0–1 1 1 I103MEAS Measurands for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1 I103MEASUSR Measurands user defined signals for IEC60870-5-103 3 3 3 I103AR Function status auto-recloser for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1 I103EF Function status earth-fault for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1 I103FLTPROT Function status fault protection for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1 I103IED IED status for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1 I103SUPERV Supervison status for IEC60870-5-103 1 1 1 I103USRDEF Status for user defined signals for IEC60870-5-103 20 20 20 Metering PCGGIO Pulse counter 16 16 16 ETPMMTR Function for energy calculation and demand handling 3 3 3 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 2 Available functions 41 Technical manual

name ANSI Function description Generator REG650 REG650 (B01) Gen diff REG650 (B05) Gen+Trafo diff Station communication IEC61850-8-1 IEC 61850 communication protocol 1 1 1 DNPGEN DNP3.0 communication general protocol 1 1 1 RS485DNP DNP3.0 for RS-485 communication protocol 1 1 1 CH1TCP DNP3.0 for TCP/IP communication protocol 1 1 1 CH2TCP DNP3.0 for TCP/IP communication protocol 1 1 1 CH3TCP DNP3.0 for TCP/IP communication protocol 1 1 1 CH4TCP DNP3.0 for TCP/IP communication protocol 1 1 1 OPTICALDNP DNP3.0 for optical RS-232 communication protocol 1 1 1 MSTSERIAL DNP3.0 for serial communication protocol 1 1 1 MST1TCP DNP3.0 for TCP/IP communication protocol 1 1 1 MST2TCP DNP3.0 for TCP/IP communication protocol 1 1 1 MST3TCP DNP3.0 for TCP/IP communication protocol 1 1 1 MST4TCP DNP3.0 for TCP/IP communication protocol 1 1 1 RS485GEN RS485 1 1 1 OPTICALPROT Operation selection for optical serial 1 1 1 RS485PROT Operation selection for RS485 1 1 1 DNPFREC DNP3.0 fault records for TCP/IP communication protocol 1 1 1 OPTICAL103 IEC60870-5-103 Optical serial communication 1 1 1 RS485103 IEC60870-5-103 serial communication for RS485 1 1 1 GOOSEINTLKRCV Horizontal communication via GOOSE for interlocking 59 59 59 GOOSEBINRCV GOOSE binary receive 4 4 4 ETHFRNT ETHLAN1 GATEWAY Ethernet configuration of front port, LAN1 port and gateway 1 1 1 ETHLAN1_AB Ethernet configuration of LAN1 port 1 PRPSTATUS System component for parallell redundancy protocol 1 CONFPROT IED Configuration Protocol 1 1 1 ACTIVLOG Activity logging parameters 1 1 1 SECALARM Component for mapping security events on protocols such as DNP3 and IEC103 1 1 1 AGSAL Generic security application component 1 1 1 GOOSEDPRCV GOOSE function block to receive a double point value 32 32 32 Table continues on next page Section 2 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Available functions 42 Technical manual

name ANSI Function description Generator REG650 REG650 (B01) Gen diff REG650 (B05) Gen+Trafo diff GOOSEINTRCV GOOSE function block to receive an integer value 32 32 32 GOOSEMVRCV GOOSE function block to receive a measurand value 16 16 16 GOOSESPRCV GOOSE function block to receive a single point value 64 64 64 2.5 Basic IED functions IEC 61850/Function block name Function description Basic functions included in all products INTERRSIG Self supervision with internal event list 1 SELFSUPEVLST Self supervision with internal event list 1 TIMESYNCHGEN Time synchronization 1 SNTP Time synchronization 1 DTSBEGIN, DTSEND, TIMEZONE Time synchronization, daylight saving 1 IRIG-B Time synchronization 1 SETGRPS Setting group handling 1 ACTVGRP Parameter setting groups 1 TESTMODE Test mode functionality 1 CHNGLCK Change lock function 1 PRIMVAL Primary system values 1 SMAI_20_1 - SMAI_20_12 Signal matrix for analog inputs 2 3PHSUM Summation block 3 phase 12 GBASVAL Global base values for settings 6 ATHSTAT Authority status 1 ATHCHCK Authority check 1 AUTHMAN Authority management 1 FTPACCS FTPS access with password 1 DOSFRNT Denial of service, frame rate control for front port 1 DOSLAN1 Denial of service, frame rate control for LAN1A and LAN1B ports 1 DOSSCKT Denial of service, socket flow control 1 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 2 Available functions 43 Technical manual

measurement results and correct protection operations. For power measuring and all directional and differential functions the directions of the input currents must be defined in order to reflect the way the current transformers are installed/connected in the field ( primary and secondary connections ). Measuring and protection algorithms in the IED use primary system quantities. Consequently the setting values are expressed in primary quantities as well and therefore it is important to set the transformation ratio of the connected current and voltage transformers properly. The availability of CT and VT inputs, as well as setting parameters depends on the ordered IED. A reference PhaseAngleRef must be defined to facilitate service values reading. This analog channels phase angle will always be fixed to zero degrees and all other angle information will be shown in relation to this analog input. During testing and commissioning of the IED the reference channel can be changed to facilitate testing and service values reading. 3.2 Operation principle The direction of a current depends on the connection of the CT. The main CTs are typically star connected and can be connected with the star point towards the object or away from the object. This information must be set in the IED. The convention of the directionality is defined as follows: • Positive value of current or power means that the quantity has the direction into the object. • Negative value of current or power means that the quantity has the direction out from the object. For directional functions the directional conventions are defined as follows (see figure 2) • Forward means the direction is into the object. • Reverse means the direction is out from the object. 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 3 Analog inputs 45 Technical manual

Forward Reverse Definition of direction for directional functions Measured quantity is positive when flowing towards the object e.g. P, Q, I Reverse Forward Definition of direction for directional functions e.g. P, Q, I Measured quantity is positive when flowing towards the object Set parameter CTStarPoint Correct Setting is "ToObject" Set parameter CTStarPoint Correct Setting is "FromObject" en05000456.vsd IEC05000456 V1 EN Figure 2: Internal convention of the directionality in the IED If the settings of the primary CT is correct, that is CTStarPoint set as FromObject or ToObject according to the plant condition, then a positive quantity always flows towards the protected object, and a Forward direction always looks towards the protected object. The settings of the IED is performed in primary values. The ratios of the main CTs and VTs are therefore basic data for the IED. The user has to set the rated secondary and primary currents and voltages of the CTs and VTs to provide the IED with their rated ratios. The CT and VT ratio and the name on respective channel is done under Main menu/ Hardware/Analog modules in the Parameter Settings tool or on the HMI. 3.3 Presumptions for technical data The technical data stated in this document are only valid under the following circumstances: • CT and VT ratios in the IED are set in accordance with the associated main instrument transformers. Note that for functions which measure an analogue signal which do not have corresponding primary quantity, the 1:1 ratio shall be set for the used analogue inputs on the IED, For example, HZPDIF. • Parameter IBase used by the tested function is set equal to the rated CT primary current. • Parameter UBase used by the tested function is set equal to the rated primary phase-to-phase voltage. • Parameter SBase used by the tested function is set equal to sqrt(3)* IBase* UBase for three-phase power system. Section 3 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Analog inputs 46 Technical manual

Table 1: AISVBAS Non group settings (basic) Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description PhaseAngleRef TRM - Channel 1 TRM - Channel 2 TRM - Channel 3 TRM - Channel 4 TRM - Channel 5 TRM - Channel 6 TRM - Channel 7 TRM - Channel 8 TRM - Channel 9 TRM - Channel 10 AIM - Channel 1 AIM - Channel 2 AIM - Channel 3 AIM - Channel 4 AIM - Channel 5 AIM - Channel 6 AIM - Channel 7 AIM - Channel 8 AIM - Channel 9 AIM - Channel 10 - - TRM - Channel 1 Reference channel for phase angle presentation Table 2: TRM_6I_4U Non group settings (basic) Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description CTStarPoint1 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec1 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1 Rated CT secondary current CTprim1 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint2 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec2 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim2 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint3 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec3 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1 Rated CT secondary current CTprim3 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint4 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec4 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim4 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint5 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec5 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1 Rated CT secondary current CTprim5 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current Table continues on next page 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 3 Analog inputs 47 Technical manual

FromObject= the opposite CTsec6 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim6 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current VTsec7 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110.000 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim7 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132.000 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec8 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim8 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec9 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110.000 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim9 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132.000 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec10 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim10 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132 Rated VT primary voltage Table 3: TRM_8I_2U Non group settings (basic) Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description CTStarPoint1 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec1 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1 Rated CT secondary current CTprim1 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint2 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec2 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim2 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint3 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec3 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1 Rated CT secondary current CTprim3 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint4 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec4 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim4 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint5 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec5 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1 Rated CT secondary current CTprim5 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint6 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec6 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim6 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint7 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec7 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1 Rated CT secondary current Table continues on next page Section 3 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Analog inputs 48 Technical manual

A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint8 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec8 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim8 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current VTsec9 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110.000 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim9 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132.000 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec10 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim10 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132 Rated VT primary voltage Table 4: TRM_4I_1I_5U Non group settings (basic) Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description CTStarPoint1 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec1 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim1 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint2 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec2 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim2 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint3 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec3 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim3 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint4 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec4 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim4 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint5 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec5 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim5 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current VTsec6 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim6 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec7 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110.000 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim7 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132.000 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec8 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim8 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec9 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110.000 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim9 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132.000 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec10 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110.000 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim10 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132.000 Rated VT primary voltage 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 3 Analog inputs 49 Technical manual

Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description CTStarPoint1 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec1 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1 Rated CT secondary current CTprim1 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint2 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec2 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim2 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint3 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec3 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1 Rated CT secondary current CTprim3 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint4 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec4 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim4 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current VTsec5 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110.000 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim5 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132.000 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec6 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim6 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec7 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110.000 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim7 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132.000 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec8 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim8 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec9 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110.000 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim9 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132.000 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec10 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim10 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132 Rated VT primary voltage Table 6: AIM_6I_4U Non group settings (basic) Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description CTStarPoint1 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec1 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1 Rated CT secondary current CTprim1 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint2 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec2 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim2 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current Table continues on next page Section 3 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Analog inputs 50 Technical manual

FromObject= the opposite CTsec3 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1 Rated CT secondary current CTprim3 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint4 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec4 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim4 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint5 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec5 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1 Rated CT secondary current CTprim5 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint6 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec6 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim6 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current VTsec7 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110.000 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim7 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132.000 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec8 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim8 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec9 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110.000 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim9 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132.000 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec10 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim10 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132 Rated VT primary voltage Table 7: AIM_4I_1I_5U Non group settings (basic) Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description CTStarPoint1 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec1 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim1 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint2 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec2 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim2 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint3 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec3 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim3 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint4 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec4 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current Table continues on next page 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 3 Analog inputs 51 Technical manual

A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current CTStarPoint5 FromObject ToObject - - ToObject ToObject= towards protected object, FromObject= the opposite CTsec5 0.1 - 10.0 A 0.1 1.0 Rated CT secondary current CTprim5 1 - 99999 A 1 1000 Rated CT primary current VTsec6 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim6 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec7 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110.000 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim7 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132.000 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec8 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim8 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec9 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110.000 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim9 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132.000 Rated VT primary voltage VTsec10 0.001 - 999.999 V 0.001 110.000 Rated VT secondary voltage VTprim10 0.001 - 9999.999 kV 0.001 132.000 Rated VT primary voltage Section 3 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Analog inputs 52 Technical manual

4.1 Binary input 4.1.1 Binary input debounce filter The debounce filter eliminates bounces and short disturbances on a binary input. A time counter is used for filtering. The time counter is increased once in a millisecond when a binary input is high, or decreased when a binary input is low. A new debounced binary input signal is forwarded when the time counter reaches the set DebounceTime value and the debounced input value is high or when the time counter reaches 0 and the debounced input value is low. The default setting of DebounceTime is 5 ms. The binary input ON-event gets the time stamp of the first rising edge, after which the counter does not reach 0 again. The same happens when the signal goes down to 0 again. Each binary input has a filter time parameter DebounceTimex, where x is the number of the binary input of the module in question (for example DebounceTime1). The debounce time should be set to the same value for all channels on the board. 4.1.2 Oscillation filter Binary input wiring can be very long in substations and there are electromagnetic fields from for example nearby breakers. Floating input lines can result in disturbances to binary inputs. These disturbances are unwanted in the system. An oscillation filter is used to reduce the disturbance from the system when a binary input starts oscillating. Each debounced input signal change increments of an oscillation counter. Every time the oscillation time counter reaches the set OscillationTime, the oscillation counter is checked and both the time counter and the oscillation counter are reset. If the counter value is above the set OscillationCount value the signal is declared as oscillating and not valid. If the value is below the set OscillationCount value, the signal is declared as valid again. During counting of the oscillation time the status of the signal remains unchanged, leading to a fixed delay in the status update, even if the signal has attained normal status again. 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 4 Binary input and output modules 53 Technical manual

oscillation time parameter OscillationTimex, where x is the number of the binary input of the module in question. 4.1.3 Settings 4.1.3.1 Setting parameters for binary input modules Table 8: BIO_9BI Non group settings (basic) Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description BatteryVoltage 24 - 250 V 1 110 Station battery voltage Table 9: BIO_9BI Non group settings (advanced) Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Threshold1 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 1 DebounceTime1 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 1 OscillationCount1 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 1 OscillationTime1 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 1 Threshold2 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 2 DebounceTime2 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 2 OscillationCount2 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 2 OscillationTime2 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 2 Threshold3 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 3 DebounceTime3 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 3 OscillationCount3 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 3 OscillationTime3 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 3 Threshold4 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 4 DebounceTime4 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 4 OscillationCount4 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 4 OscillationTime4 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 4 Threshold5 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 5 DebounceTime5 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 5 OscillationCount5 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 5 OscillationTime5 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 5 Threshold6 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 6 DebounceTime6 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 6 OscillationCount6 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 6 Table continues on next page Section 4 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Binary input and output modules 54 Technical manual

s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 6 Threshold7 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 7 DebounceTime7 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 7 OscillationCount7 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 7 OscillationTime7 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 7 Threshold8 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 8 DebounceTime8 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 8 OscillationCount8 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 8 OscillationTime8 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 8 Threshold9 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 9 DebounceTime9 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 9 OscillationCount9 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 9 OscillationTime9 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 9 4.1.3.2 Setting parameters for communication module Table 10: COM05_12BI Non group settings (basic) Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description BatteryVoltage 24 - 250 V 1 110 Station battery voltage Table 11: COM05_12BI Non group settings (advanced) Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Threshold1 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 1 DebounceTime1 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 1 OscillationCount1 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 1 OscillationTime1 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 1 Threshold2 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 2 DebounceTime2 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 2 OscillationCount2 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 2 OscillationTime2 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 2 Threshold3 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 3 DebounceTime3 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 3 OscillationCount3 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 3 OscillationTime3 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 3 Table continues on next page 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 4 Binary input and output modules 55 Technical manual

%UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 4 DebounceTime4 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 4 OscillationCount4 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 4 OscillationTime4 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 4 Threshold5 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 5 DebounceTime5 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 5 OscillationCount5 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 5 OscillationTime5 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 5 Threshold6 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 6 DebounceTime6 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 6 OscillationCount6 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 6 OscillationTime6 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 6 Threshold7 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 7 DebounceTime7 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 7 OscillationCount7 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 7 OscillationTime7 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 7 Threshold8 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 8 DebounceTime8 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 8 OscillationCount8 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 8 OscillationTime8 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 8 Threshold9 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 9 DebounceTime9 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 9 OscillationCount9 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 9 OscillationTime9 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 9 Threshold10 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 10 DebounceTime10 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 10 OscillationCount10 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 10 OscillationTime10 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 10 Threshold11 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 11 DebounceTime11 0.000 - 0.100 s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 11 OscillationCount11 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 11 OscillationTime11 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 11 Threshold12 6 - 900 %UB 1 65 Threshold in percentage of station battery voltage for input 12 Table continues on next page Section 4 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Binary input and output modules 56 Technical manual

s 0.001 0.005 Debounce time for input 12 OscillationCount12 0 - 255 - 1 0 Oscillation count for input 12 OscillationTime12 0.000 - 600.000 s 0.001 0.000 Oscillation time for input 12 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 4 Binary input and output modules 57 Technical manual

5.1 Local HMI screen behaviour 5.1.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI/IEEE C37.2 device number Local HMI screen behaviour SCREEN - - 5.1.2 Settings Table 12: SCREEN Non group settings (basic) Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description DisplayTimeout 10 - 120 Min 10 60 Local HMI display timeout ContrastLevel -100 - 100 % 10 0 Contrast level for display DefaultScreen 0 - 0 - 1 0 Default screen EvListSrtOrder Latest on top Oldest on top - - Latest on top Sort order of event list AutoIndicationDRP Off On - - Off Automatic indication of disturbance report SubstIndSLD No Yes - - No Substitute indication on single line diagram InterlockIndSLD No Yes - - No Interlock indication on single line diagram BypassCommands No Yes - - No Enable bypass of commands 5.2 Local HMI signals 5.2.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI/IEEE C37.2 device number Local HMI signals LHMICTRL - - 5.2.2 Function block 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 5 Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 59 Technical manual

Figure 3: LHMICTRL function block 5.2.3 Signals Table 13: LHMICTRL Input signals Name Type Default Description CLRLEDS BOOLEAN 0 Input to clear the LCD-HMI LEDs Table 14: LHMICTRL Output signals Name Type Description HMI-ON BOOLEAN Backlight of the LCD display is active RED-S BOOLEAN Red LED on the LCD-HMI is steady YELLOW-S BOOLEAN Yellow LED on the LCD-HMI is steady YELLOW-F BOOLEAN Yellow LED on the LCD-HMI is flashing CLRPULSE BOOLEAN A pulse is provided when the LEDs on the LCD-HMI are cleared LEDSCLRD BOOLEAN Active when the LEDs on the LCD-HMI are not active 5.3 Basic part for LED indication module 5.3.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI/IEEE C37.2 device number Basic part for LED indication module LEDGEN - - Basic part for LED indication module GRP1_LED1 - GRP1_LED15 GRP2_LED1 - GRP2_LED15 GRP3_LED1 - GRP3_LED15 - - 5.3.2 Function block Section 5 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 60 Technical manual

Figure 4: LEDGEN function block GRP1_LED1 ^HM1L01R ^HM1L01Y ^HM1L01G IEC09000322 V1 EN Figure 5: GRP1_LED1 function block The GRP1_LED1 function block is an example, all 15 LED in each of group 1 - 3 has a similar function block. 5.3.3 Signals Table 15: LEDGEN Input signals Name Type Default Description BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 Input to block the operation of the LEDs RESET BOOLEAN 0 Input to acknowledge/reset the indication LEDs Table 16: GRP1_LED1 Input signals Name Type Default Description HM1L01R BOOLEAN 0 Red indication of LED1, local HMI alarm group 1 HM1L01Y BOOLEAN 0 Yellow indication of LED1, local HMI alarm group 1 HM1L01G BOOLEAN 0 Green indication of LED1, local HMI alarm group 1 Table 17: LEDGEN Output signals Name Type Description NEWIND BOOLEAN New indication signal if any LED indication input is set ACK BOOLEAN A pulse is provided when the LEDs are acknowledged 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 5 Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 61 Technical manual

Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Operation Off On - - Off Operation Off/On tRestart 0.0 - 100.0 s 0.1 0.0 Defines the disturbance length tMax 0.0 - 100.0 s 0.1 0.0 Maximum time for the definition of a disturbance Table 19: GRP1_LED1 Non group settings (basic) Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description SequenceType Follow-S Follow-F LatchedAck-F-S LatchedAck-S-F LatchedColl-S LatchedReset-S - - Follow-S Sequence type for LED 1, local HMI alarm group 1 LabelOff 0 - 18 - 1 G1L01_OFF Label string shown when LED 1, alarm group 1 is off LabelRed 0 - 18 - 1 G1L01_RED Label string shown when LED 1, alarm group 1 is red LabelYellow 0 - 18 - 1 G1L01_YELLOW Label string shown when LED 1, alarm group 1 is yellow LabelGreen 0 - 18 - 1 G1L01_GREEN Label string shown when LED 1, alarm group 1 is green 5.4 LCD part for HMI function keys control module 5.4.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI/IEEE C37.2 device number LCD part for HMI Function Keys Control module FNKEYMD1 - FNKEYMD5 - - 5.4.2 Function block FNKEYMD1 ^LEDCTL1 ^FKEYOUT1 IEC09000327 V1 EN Figure 6: FNKEYMD1 function block Only the function block for the first button is shown above. There is a similar block for every function button. Section 5 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 62 Technical manual

Name Type Default Description LEDCTL1 BOOLEAN 0 LED control input for function key Table 21: FNKEYMD1 Output signals Name Type Description FKEYOUT1 BOOLEAN Output controlled by function key 5.4.4 Settings Table 22: FNKEYMD1 Non group settings (basic) Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Mode Off Toggle Pulsed - - Off Output operation mode PulseTime 0.001 - 60.000 s 0.001 0.200 Pulse time for output controlled by LCDFn1 LabelOn 0 - 18 - 1 LCD_FN1_ON Label for LED on state LabelOff 0 - 18 - 1 LCD_FN1_OFF Label for LED off state Table 23: FNKEYTY1 Non group settings (basic) Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Type Off Menu shortcut Control - - Off Function key type MenuShortcut Menu shortcut for function key 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 5 Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 63 Technical manual

Figure 7: Local human-machine interface The LHMI of the IED contains the following elements: • Display (LCD) • Buttons • LED indicators • Communication port for PCM600 The LHMI is used for setting, monitoring and controlling. 5.5.1.1 Display The LHMI includes a graphical monochrome display with a resolution of 320 x 240 pixels. The character size can vary. The amount of characters and rows fitting the view depends on the character size and the view that is shown. The display view is divided into four basic areas. Section 5 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 64 Technical manual

Figure 8: Display layout 1 Path 2 Content 3 Status 4 Scroll bar (appears when needed) • The path shows the current location in the menu structure. If the path is too long to be shown, it is truncated from the beginning, and the truncation is indicated with three dots. • The content area shows the menu content. • The status area shows the current IED time, the user that is currently logged in and the object identification string which is settable via the LHMI or with PCM600. • If text, pictures or other items do not fit in the display, a vertical scroll bar appears on the right. The text in content area is truncated from the beginning if it does not fit in the display horizontally. Truncation is indicated with three dots. 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 5 Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 65 Technical manual

Figure 9: Truncated path The number before the function instance, for example ETHFRNT:1, indicates the instance number. The function button panel shows on request what actions are possible with the function buttons. Each function button has a LED indication that can be used as a feedback signal for the function button control action. The LED is connected to the required signal with PCM600. IEC12000025-2-en.vsd IEC12000025 V2 EN Figure 10: Function button panel The alarm LED panel shows on request the alarm text labels for the alarm LEDs. Three alarm LED pages are available. Section 5 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 66 Technical manual

Figure 11: Alarm LED panel The function button and alarm LED panels are not visible at the same time. Each panel is shown by pressing one of the function buttons or the Multipage button. Pressing the ESC button clears the panel from the display. Both the panels have dynamic width that depends on the label string length that the panel contains. 5.5.1.2 LEDs The LHMI includes three protection status LEDs above the display: Ready, Start and Trip. There are 15 programmable alarm LEDs on the front of the LHMI. Each LED can indicate three states with the colors: green, yellow and red. The alarm texts related to each three-color LED are divided into three pages. There are 3 separate pages of LEDs available. The 15 physical three-color LEDs in one LED group can indicate 45 different signals. Altogether, 135 signals can be indicated since there are three LED groups. The LEDs can be configured with PCM600 and the operation mode can be selected with the LHMI or PCM600. 5.5.1.3 Keypad The LHMI keypad contains push-buttons which are used to navigate in different views or menus. The push-buttons are also used to acknowledge alarms, reset indications, provide help and switch between local and remote control mode. The keypad also contains programmable push-buttons that can be configured either as menu shortcut or control buttons. 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 5 Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 67 Technical manual

Figure 12: LHMI keypad with object control, navigation and command push- buttons and RJ-45 communication port 1...5 Function button 6 Close 7 Open 8 Escape 9 Left 10 Down 11 Up 12 Right 13 User Log on 14 Enter 15 Remote/Local 16 Uplink LED 17 Ethernet communication port (RJ-45) 18 Multipage 19 Menu 20 Clear 21 Help 22 Programmable alarm LEDs 23 Protection status LEDs 5.5.2 LED 5.5.2.1 Functionality The function blocks LEDGEN and GRP1_LEDx, GRP2_LEDx and GRP3_LEDx (x=1-15) controls and supplies information about the status of the indication LEDs. The input and output signals of the function blocks are configured with PCM600. The input signal for each LED is selected individually using SMT or ACT. Each LED is controlled by a GRP1_LEDx function block, that controls the color and the operating mode. Section 5 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 68 Technical manual

sequences; two as follow type and four as latch type. Two of the latching sequence types are intended to be used as a protection indication system, either in collecting or restarting mode, with reset functionality. The other two are intended to be used as signalling system in collecting mode with acknowledgment functionality. 5.5.2.2 Status LEDs There are three status LEDs above the LCD in the front of the IED, green, yellow and red. The green LED has a fixed function that present the healthy status of the IED. The yellow and red LEDs are user configured. The yellow LED can be used to indicate that a disturbance report is triggered (steady) or that the IED is in test mode (flashing). The red LED can be used to indicate a trip command. The yellow and red status LEDs are configured in the disturbance recorder function, DRPRDRE, by connecting a start or trip signal from the actual function to a BxRBDR binary input function block using the PCM600 and configure the setting to Off, Start or Trip for that particular signal. 5.5.2.3 Indication LEDs Operating modes Collecting mode • LEDs, which are used in collecting mode of operation, are accumulated continuously until the unit is acknowledged manually. This mode is suitable when the LEDs are used as a simplified alarm system. Re-starting mode • In the re-starting mode of operation each new start resets all previous active LEDs and activates only those, which appear during one disturbance. Only LEDs defined for re-starting mode with the latched sequence type 6 (LatchedReset-S) will initiate a reset and a restart at a new disturbance. A disturbance is defined to end a settable time after the reset of the activated input signals or when the maximum time limit has elapsed. Acknowledgment/reset • From local HMI • The active indications can be acknowledged/reset manually. Manual acknowledgment and manual reset have the same meaning and is a common signal for all the operating sequences and LEDs. The function is positive edge triggered, not level triggered. The acknowledgment/reset is performed via the button and menus on the LHMI. 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 5 Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 69 Technical manual

• The active indications can also be acknowledged/reset from an input, ACK_RST, to the function. This input can for example be configured to a binary input operated from an external push button. The function is positive edge triggered, not level triggered. This means that even if the button is continuously pressed, the acknowledgment/reset only affects indications active at the moment when the button is first pressed. • Automatic reset • The automatic reset can only be performed for indications defined for re- starting mode with the latched sequence type 6 (LatchedReset-S). When the automatic reset of the LEDs has been performed, still persisting indications will be indicated with a steady light. Operating sequence The sequences can be of type Follow or Latched. For the Follow type the LED follow the input signal completely. For the Latched type each LED latches to the corresponding input signal until it is reset. The figures below show the function of available sequences selectable for each LED separately. For sequence 1 and 2 Follow type, the acknowledgment/reset function is not applicable. Sequence 3 and 4 Latched type with acknowledgement are only working in collecting mode. Sequence 5 is working according to Latched type and collecting mode while Sequence 6 is working according to Latched type and re- starting mode. The letters S and F in the sequence names have the meaning S = Steady and F = Flash. At the activation of the input signal, the indication obtains corresponding color corresponding to the activated input and operates according to the selected sequence diagrams below. In the sequence diagrams the LEDs have the following characteristics: = No indication = Steady light = Flash G= Green Y= Yellow R= Red IEC09000311.vsd IEC09000311 V1 EN Figure 13: Symbols used in the sequence diagrams Sequence 1 (Follow-S) This sequence follows all the time, with a steady light, the corresponding input signals. It does not react on acknowledgment or reset. Every LED is independent of the other LEDs in its operation. Section 5 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 70 Technical manual

Figure 14: Operating Sequence 1 (Follow-S) If inputs for two or more colors are active at the same time to one LED the priority is as described above. An example of the operation when two colors are activated in parallel is shown in Figure 15. Activating signal GREEN LED IEC09000312_1_en.vsd G R G G Activating signal RED IEC09000312 V1 EN Figure 15: Operating sequence 1, two colors Sequence 2 (Follow-F) This sequence is the same as Sequence 1, Follow-S, but the LEDs are flashing instead of showing steady light. Sequence 3 LatchedAck-F-S This sequence has a latched function and works in collecting mode. Every LED is independent of the other LEDs in its operation. At the activation of the input signal, the indication starts flashing. After acknowledgment the indication disappears if the signal is not present any more. If the signal is still present after acknowledgment it gets a steady light. 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 5 Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 71 Technical manual

Figure 16: Operating Sequence 3 LatchedAck-F-S When an acknowledgment is performed, all indications that appear before the indication with higher priority has been reset, will be acknowledged, independent of if the low priority indication appeared before or after acknowledgment. In Figure 17 it is shown the sequence when a signal of lower priority becomes activated after acknowledgment has been performed on a higher priority signal. The low priority signal will be shown as acknowledged when the high priority signal resets. Activating signal RED LED Acknow IEC09000313_1_en.vsd Activating signal GREEN R R G IEC09000313 V1 EN Figure 17: Operating Sequence 3 (LatchedAck-F-S), 2 colors involved If all three signals are activated the order of priority is still maintained. Acknowledgment of indications with higher priority will acknowledge also low priority indications, which are not visible according to Figure 18. Section 5 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 72 Technical manual

Figure 18: Operating sequence 3, three colors involved, alternative 1 If an indication with higher priority appears after acknowledgment of a lower priority indication the high priority indication will be shown as not acknowledged according to Figure 19. Activating signal RED LED Acknow. IEC09000315-1-en.vsd Activating signal YELLOW G G R R Y Activating signal GREEN IEC09000315 V1 EN Figure 19: Operating sequence 3, three colors involved, alternative 2 Sequence 4 (LatchedAck-S-F) This sequence has the same functionality as sequence 3, but steady and flashing light have been alternated. Sequence 5 LatchedColl-S This sequence has a latched function and works in collecting mode. At the activation of the input signal, the indication will light up with a steady light. The difference to sequence 3 and 4 is that indications that are still activated will not be affected by the reset that is, immediately after the positive edge of the reset has been executed a new reading and storing of active signals is performed. Every LED is independent of the other LEDs in its operation. 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 5 Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 73 Technical manual

Figure 20: Operating Sequence 5 LatchedColl-S That means if an indication with higher priority has reset while an indication with lower priority still is active at the time of reset, the LED will change color according to Figure 21. Activating signal RED LED Reset IEC09000316_1_en.vsd Activating signal GREEN R G IEC09000316 V1 EN Figure 21: Operating sequence 5, two colors Sequence 6 LatchedReset-S In this mode all activated LEDs, which are set to Sequence 6 (LatchedReset-S), are automatically reset at a new disturbance when activating any input signal for other LEDs set to Sequence 6 LatchedReset-S. Also in this case indications that are still activated will not be affected by manual reset, that is, immediately after the positive edge of that the manual reset has been executed a new reading and storing of active signals is performed. LEDs set for sequence 6 are completely independent in its operation of LEDs set for other sequences. Timing diagram for sequence 6 Figure 22 shows the timing diagram for two indications within one disturbance. Section 5 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 74 Technical manual

Figure 22: Operating sequence 6 (LatchedReset-S), two indications within same disturbance Figure 23 shows the timing diagram for a new indication after tRestart time has elapsed. IEC01000240_2_en.vsd Activating signal 2 LED 2 Manual reset Activating signal 1 Automatic reset LED 1 Disturbance tRestart Disturbance tRestart IEC01000240 V2 EN Figure 23: Operating sequence 6 (LatchedReset-S), two different disturbances 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 5 Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 75 Technical manual

has reset but before tRestart has elapsed. IEC01000241_2_en.vsd Activating signal 2 LED 2 Manual reset Activating signal 1 Automatic reset LED 1 Disturbance tRestart IEC01000241 V2 EN Figure 24: Operating sequence 6 (LatchedReset-S), two indications within same disturbance but with reset of activating signal between Figure 25 shows the timing diagram for manual reset. Section 5 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 76 Technical manual

Figure 25: Operating sequence 6 (LatchedReset-S), manual reset 5.5.3 Function keys 5.5.3.1 Functionality Local Human-Machine-Interface (LHMI) has five function buttons, directly to the left of the LCD, that can be configured either as menu shortcut or control buttons. Each button has an indication LED that can be configured in the application configuration. When used as a menu shortcut, a function button provides a fast way to navigate between default nodes in the menu tree. When used as a control, the button can control a binary signal. 5.5.3.2 Operation principle Each output on the FNKEYMD1 - FNKEYMD5 function blocks can be controlled from the LHMI function keys. By pressing a function button on the LHMI, the output status of the actual function block will change. These binary outputs can in turn be used to control other function blocks, for example, switch control blocks, binary I/O outputs etc. FNKEYMD1 - FNKEYMD5 function block also has a number of settings and parameters that control the behavior of the function block. These settings and parameters are normally set using the PST. 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 5 Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 77 Technical manual

PULSED. Setting OFF This mode always gives the output the value. A change of the input value does not affect the output value. Input value Output value IEC09000330-1-en.vsd IEC09000330 V1 EN Figure 26: Sequence diagram for setting OFF Setting TOGGLE In this mode the output toggles each time the function block detects that the input has been written (the input has completed a pulse). Note that the input attribute is reset each time the function block executes. The function block execution is marked with a dotted line below. Input value Output value IEC09000331_1_en.vsd IEC09000331 V1 EN Figure 27: Sequence diagram for setting TOGGLE Setting PULSED In this mode the output will be high for as long as the setting pulse time. After this time the output will go back to 0. The input attribute is reset when the function block detects it being high and there is no output pulse. Note that the third positive edge on the input attribute does not cause a pulse, since the edge was applied during pulse output. A new pulse can only begin when the output is zero; else the trigger edge is lost. Section 5 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 78 Technical manual

Figure 28: Sequence diagram for setting PULSED Input function All inputs work the same way: When the LHMI is configured so that a certain function button is of type CONTROL, then the corresponding input on this function block becomes active, and will light the yellow function button LED when high. This functionality is active even if the function block operation setting is set to off. There is an exception for the optional extension EXT1 function keys 7 and 8, since they are tri-color (they can be red, yellow or green). Each of these LEDs are controlled by three inputs, which are prioritized in the following order: Red - Yellow - Green INPUT OUTPUT RED YELLOW GREEN Function key LED color 1 0/1 0/1 red - 1 0/1 yellow - - 1 green 0 0 0 off 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 5 Local Human-Machine-Interface LHMI 79 Technical manual

6.1.1 Functionality Transformer differential protection, three-winding T3WPDIF is provided with internal CT ratio matching and vector group compensation and settable zero sequence current elimination. The function can be provided with -phase sets of current inputs. All current inputs are provided with percentage bias restraint features, making the IED suitable for two- or three-winding transformer arrangements. Three-winding applications xx05000052.vsd IEC05000052 V1 EN three-winding power transformer with all three windings connected xx05000049.vsd IEC05000049 V1 EN three-winding power transformer with unconnected delta tertiary winding Figure 29: CT group arrangement for differential protection and other protections The setting facilities cover the application of the differential protection to all types of power transformers and auto-transformers with or without load tap changer as well as shunt reactors and local feeders within the station. An adaptive stabilizing feature is included for heavy through-faults. Stabilization is included for inrush and overexcitation currents respectively, cross- blocking is also available. Adaptive stabilization is also included for system recovery inrush and CT saturation during external faults. A high set unrestrained differential current protection element is included for a very high speed tripping at a high internal fault currents. 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 6 Differential protection 81 Technical manual

of symmetrical components. This element offers the best possible coverage of power transformer windings turn to turn faults. 6.1.2 Transformer differential protection, three winding T3WPDIF 6.1.2.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI/IEEE C37.2 device number Transformer differential protection, three-winding T3WPDIF 3Id/I SYMBOL-BB V1 EN 87T 6.1.2.2 Function block T3WPDIF I3PW1CT1* I3PW2CT1* I3PW3CT1* BLOCK TRIP TRIPRES TRIPUNRE TRNSUNR TRNSSENS START STL1 STL2 STL3 BLK2H BLK5H BLKWAV IDALARM IDL1MAG IDL2MAG IDL3MAG IBIAS IDNSMAG IEC09000269_1_en.vsd IEC09000269 V1 EN Figure 30: T3WPDIF function block 6.1.2.3 Signals Table 24: T3WPDIF Input signals Name Type Default Description I3PW1CT1 GROUP SIGNAL - Three phase current connection winding 1 (W1) CT1 I3PW2CT1 GROUP SIGNAL - Three phase current connection winding 2 (W2) CT1 I3PW3CT1 GROUP SIGNAL - Three phase current connection winding 3 (W3) CT1 BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 Block of function Section 6 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Differential protection 82 Technical manual

Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN General trip signal TRIPRES BOOLEAN Start signal from restrained differential protection TRIPUNRE BOOLEAN Start signal from unrestrained differential protection TRNSUNR BOOLEAN Start signal from unrestrained negative sequence differential protection TRNSSENS BOOLEAN Start signal from sensitive negative sequence differential protection START BOOLEAN General start signal STL1 BOOLEAN Start signal from phase L1 STL2 BOOLEAN Start signal from phase L2 STL3 BOOLEAN Start signal from phase L3 BLK2H BOOLEAN General second harmonic block signal BLK5H BOOLEAN General fifth harmonic block signal BLKWAV BOOLEAN General block signal from waveform criteria IDALARM BOOLEAN General alarm for sustained differential currents IDL1MAG REAL Magnitude of fundamental frequency differential current, phase L1 IDL2MAG REAL Magnitude of fundamental frequency differential current, phase L2 IDL3MAG REAL Magnitude of fundamental frequency differential current, phase L3 IBIAS REAL Magnitude of the bias current, which is common to all phases IDNSMAG REAL Magnitude of the negative sequence differential current 6.1.2.4 Settings Table 26: T3WPDIF Group settings (basic) Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Operation Off On - - Off Operation Off / On IdMin 0.10 - 0.60 IB 0.01 0.30 Section 1 sensitivity current, usually W1 current EndSection1 0.20 - 1.50 IB 0.01 1.25 End of section 1, multiple of W1 rated current EndSection2 1.00 - 10.00 IB 0.01 3.00 End of section 2, multiple of W1 rated current SlopeSection2 10.0 - 50.0 % 0.1 40.0 Slope in section 2 of operate-restrain characteristics SlopeSection3 30.0 - 100.0 % 0.1 80.0 Slope in section 3 of operate-restrain characteristics Table continues on next page 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 6 Differential protection 83 Technical manual

IB 0.01 10.00 Unrestrained protection limit, multiple of W1 rated current I2/I1Ratio 5.0 - 100.0 % 0.1 15.0 Maximum ratio of 2nd harmonic to fundamental harmonic differential current I5/I1Ratio 5.0 - 100.0 % 0.1 25.0 Maximum ratio of 5th harmonic to fundamental harmonic differential current CrossBlockEn Off On - - On Operation Off/On for cross-block logic between phases NegSeqDiffEn Off On - - On Operation Off/On for negative sequence differential function IMinNegSeq 0.02 - 0.20 IB 0.01 0.04 Minimum negative sequence current NegSeqROA 30.0 - 90.0 Deg 0.1 60.0 Operate angle for internal/external negative sequence fault discriminator SOTFMode Off On - - On Operation mode for switch onto fault function IDiffAlarm 0.05 - 1.00 IB 0.01 0.20 Differential current alarm, multiple of base current, usually W1 current tAlarmDelay 0.000 - 60.000 s 0.001 10.000 Time delay for differential current alarm Table 27: T3WPDIF Non group settings (basic) Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description GlobalBaseSelW1 1 - 6 - 1 1 Selection of one of the Global Base Value groups, winding 1 GlobalBaseSelW2 1 - 6 - 1 1 Selection of one of the Global Base Value groups, winding 2 GlobalBaseSelW3 1 - 6 - 1 1 Selection of one of the Global Base Value groups, winding 3 ConnectTypeW1 WYE (Y) Delta (D) - - WYE (Y) Connection type of winding 1: Y-wye or D- delta ConnectTypeW2 WYE (Y) Delta (D) - - WYE (Y) Connection type of winding 2: Y-wye or D- delta ConnectTypeW3 WYE (Y) Delta (D) - - Delta (D) Connection type of winding 3: Y-wye or D- delta ClockNumberW2 0 [0 deg] 1 [30 deg lag] 2 [60 deg lag] 3 [90 deg lag] 4 [120 deg lag] 5 [150 deg lag] 6 [180 deg] 7 [150 deg lead] 8 [120 deg lead] 9 [90 deg lead] 10 [60 deg lead] 11 [30 deg lead] - - 0 [0 deg] Phase displacement between W2 & W1=HV winding, hour notation Table continues on next page Section 6 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Differential protection 84 Technical manual

2 [60 deg lag] 3 [90 deg lag] 4 [120 deg lag] 5 [150 deg lag] 6 [180 deg] 7 [150 deg lead] 8 [120 deg lead] 9 [90 deg lead] 10 [60 deg lead] 11 [30 deg lead] - - 5 [150 deg lag] Phase displacement between W3 & W1=HV winding, hour notation ZSCurrSubtrW1 Off On - - On Enable zero sequence subtraction for W1 side, Off/On ZSCurrSubtrW2 Off On - - On Enable zero sequence subtraction for W2 side, Off/On ZSCurrSubtrW3 Off On - - On Enable zero sequence subtraction for W3 side, Off/On 6.1.2.5 Monitored data Table 28: T3WPDIF Monitored data Name Type Values (Range) Unit Description IDL1MAG REAL - A Magnitude of fundamental frequency differential current, phase L1 IDL2MAG REAL - A Magnitude of fundamental frequency differential current, phase L2 IDL3MAG REAL - A Magnitude of fundamental frequency differential current, phase L3 IBIAS REAL - A Magnitude of the bias current, which is common to all phases IDNSMAG REAL - A Magnitude of the negative sequence differential current 6.1.3 Operation principle The task of the power transformer differential protection is to determine whether a fault is within the protected zone, or outside of the protected zone. The protected zone is limited by the position of current transformers (see figure 31), and in principle can include more objects than just a transformer. If the fault is found to be internal, the faulty power transformer must be quickly disconnected from the system. 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 6 Differential protection 85 Technical manual

direction (that is, either "ToObject" or "FromObject"). Internally the IED will always measure the currents on all sides of the power transformer with the same reference direction towards the power transformer windings as shown in figure 31. en05000186.vsd IED IW1 IW2 IW1 IW2 E1S1 Z1S1 E1S2 Z1S2 IEC05000186 V1 EN Figure 31: Typical CT location and definition of positive current direction Due to the ratio of the number of turns of the windings and the connection group of the protected transformer, the current between two windings can not be directly compared to each other. Therefore the differential protection must first correlate all currents to each other before any calculation can be performed. In numerical differential protections this correlation and comparison is performed mathematically. First, compensation for the protected transformer transformation ratio and connection group is made, and only then the currents are compared phase- wise. This makes external auxiliary (interposing) current transformers unnecessary. Conversion of all currents to the common reference side of the power transformer is performed by pre-programmed coefficient matrices, which depends on the protected power transformer transformation ratio and connection group. Once the power transformer vector group, rated currents and voltages have been entered by the user, the differential protection is capable to calculate the matrix coefficients required in order to perform the on-line current comparison by means of a fixed equation. 6.1.3.1 Function calculation principles To make a differential IED as sensitive and stable as possible, restrained differential characteristics have been developed and is now adopted as the general practice in the protection of power transformers. The protection should be provided with a proportional bias, which makes the protection operate for a certain percentage differential current related to the current through the transformer. This stabilizes the protection under through fault conditions while still permitting the system to have good basic sensitivity. The following chapters explain how these quantities are derived. Section 6 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Differential protection 86 Technical manual

The fundamental frequency differential current is a vectorial sum (sum of fundamental frequency phasors) of the individual phase currents from the different sides of the protected power transformer. Before any differential current can be calculated, the power transformer phase shift, and its transformation ratio, must be accounted for. Conversion of all currents to a common reference is performed in two steps: • all current phasors are phase-shifted to (referred to) the phase-reference side, (whenever possible the first winding with star connection) • all currents magnitudes are always referred to the first winding of the power transformer (typically transformer high-voltage side) The two steps of conversion are made simultaneously on-line by the pre-programmed coefficient matrices, as shown in equation 1 for a two-winding power transformer, and in equation 2 for a three-winding power transformer. These are the internal compensation algorithms within the differential function. The protected power transformer data is always entered per its nameplate. The Differential function will adapt nameplate data and select proper reference windings. 1 1_ 1 1_ 2 _ 2 2 2 _ 1 2 _ 2 _ 1 3 3_ 1 3_ 2 IDL IL W IL W Un W IDL A IL W B IL W Un W IDL IL W IL W é ù é ù é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú = × + × × ê ú ê ú ê ú ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û ë û ë û 1 2 3 EQUATION1880 V1 EN (Equation 1) where: 1. is the resulting Differential Currents 2. is the current contribution from the W1 side 3. is the current contribution from the W2 side 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 6 Differential protection 87 Technical manual

(Equation 2) where: 1. is the resulting Differential Currents 2. is the current contribution from the W1 side 3. is the current contribution from the W2 side 4. is the current contribution from the W3 side and where, for equation 1 and equation 2: IDL1 is the fundamental frequency differential current in phase L1 (in W1 side primary amperes) IDL2 is the fundamental frequency differential current in phase L2 (in W1 side primary amperes) IDL3 is the fundamental frequency differential current in phase L3 (in W1 side primary amperes) IL1_W1 is the fundamental frequency phase current in phase L1 on the W1 side IL2_W1 is the fundamental frequency phase current in phase L2 on the W1 side IL3_W1 is the fundamental frequency phase current in phase L3 on the W1 side IL1_W2 is the fundamental frequency phase current in phase L1 on the W2 side IL2_W2 is the fundamental frequency phase current in phase L2 on the W2 side IL3_W2 is the fundamental frequency phase current in phase L3 on the W2 side IL1_W3 is the fundamental frequency phase current in phase L1 on the W3 side IL2_W3 is the fundamental frequency phase current in phase L2 on the W3 side IL3_W3 is the fundamental frequency phase current in phase L3 on the W3 side Ur_W1 is transformer rated phase-to-phase voltage on the W1 side (setting parameter) Ur_W2 is transformer rated phase-to-phase voltage on the W2 side (setting parameter) Ur_W3 is transformer rated phase-to-phase voltage on the W3 side (setting parameter) A, B and C are three by three matrices with numerical coefficients Values of the matrix A, B and C coefficients depend on: 1. The Power transformer winding connection type, such as star (Y/y) or delta (D/ d) 2. The Transformer vector group such as Yd1, Dy11, YNautod5, Yy0d5 and so on, which introduce phase displacement between individual windings currents in multiples of 30°. 3. The Settings for elimination of zero sequence currents for the individual windings. Section 6 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Differential protection 88 Technical manual

automatically determines the matrix coefficients based on the following rules: For the phase reference, the highest voltage star (Y) connected winding is used. For example, if the power transformer is a Yd1 power transformer, the HV winding (Y) is taken as the phase reference winding. If the power transformer is a Yy0 power transformer the HV winding (Y) is taken as the phase reference winding. If the power transformer is a Dy1, then the LV winding (y) is taken for the phase reference. If there is no star connected winding, such as in Dd0 type of power transformers, then the HV delta winding (D) is automatically chosen as the phase reference winding. The fundamental frequency differential currents are in general composed of currents of all sequences, that is, the positive-, the negative-, and the zero-sequence currents. If the zero-sequence currents are eliminated (see section "Elimination of zero sequence currents"), then the differential currents can consist only of the positive-, and the negative-sequence currents. When the zero-sequence current is subtracted on one side of the power transformer , then it is subtracted from each individual phase current. Table 29 summarizes the values of the matrices for all standard phase shifts between windings. Table 29: Matrices for differential current calculation Matrix with Zero Sequence Reduction set to On Matrix with Zero Sequence Reduction set to Off Matrix for Reference Winding 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 1 2 - - × - - - - é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û EQUATION1227 V1 EN (Equation 3) 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û EQUATION1228 V1 EN (Equation 4) Matrix for winding with 30° lagging 1 -1 0 1 0 1 1 3 1 0 1 × - - é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û EQUATION1229 V1 EN (Equation 5) Not applicable. Matrix on the left used. Matrix for winding with 60° lagging 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 2 1 1 - × - - é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û EQUATION1230 V1 EN (Equation 6) 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 - - - é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û EQUATION1231 V1 EN (Equation 7) Matrix for winding with 90° lagging 0 -1 1 1 1 0 1 3 1 1 0 × - - é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û EQUATION1232 V1 EN (Equation 8) Not applicable. Matrix on the left used. Table continues on next page 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 6 Differential protection 89 Technical manual

Reduction set to On Matrix with Zero Sequence Reduction set to Off Matrix for winding with 120° lagging 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 3 1 2 1 - - × - - - - é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û EQUATION1233 V1 EN (Equation 9) 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û EQUATION1234 V1 EN (Equation 10) Matrix for winding with 150° lagging -1 0 1 1 1 1 0 3 0 1 1 × - - é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û EQUATION1235 V1 EN (Equation 11) Not applicable. Matrix on the left used. Matrix for winding which is in opposite phase 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 1 2 - × - - é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û EQUATION1236 V1 EN (Equation 12) 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 - - - é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û EQUATION1237 V1 EN (Equation 13) Matrix for winding with 150° leading -1 1 0 1 0 1 1 3 1 0 1 × - - é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û EQUATION1238 V1 EN (Equation 14) Not applicable. Matrix on the left used. Matrix for winding with 120° leading 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 2 1 1 - - × - - - - é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û EQUATION1239 V1 EN (Equation 15) 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û EQUATION1240 V1 EN (Equation 16) Matrix for winding with 90° leading 0 1 -1 1 -1 0 1 3 1 1 0 × - é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û EQUATION1241 V1 EN (Equation 17) Not applicable. Matrix on the left used. Matrix for winding with 60° leading 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 3 1 2 1 - × - - é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û EQUATION1242 V1 EN (Equation 18) 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 - - - é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û EQUATION1243 V1 EN (Equation 19) Matrix for winding with 30° leading 1 0 -1 1 -1 1 0 3 0 1 1 × - é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ë û EQUATION1244 V1 EN (Equation 20) Not applicable. Matrix on the left used. By using this table we can derive a complete calculation for all common transformer configuration. For example when considering a YNd5 power transformer the following can be concluded: Section 6 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Differential protection 90 Technical manual

sequence currents shall be subtracted on that side 2. The LV winding is lagging for 150° With the help of table 29, the following matrix equation can be written for this power transformer: 1 2 1 1 1_ 1 1 0 1 1_ 2 1 _ 2 1 2 1 2 1 2_ 1 1 1 0 2_ 2 3 _ 1 3 3 1 1 2 3_ 1 0 1 1 3_ 2 IDL IL W IL W Ur W IDL IL W IL W Ur W IDL IL W IL W - - - é ù é ù é ù é ù é ù ê ú ê ú ê ú ê ú ê ú = × - - × + × × - × ê ú ê ú ê ú ê ú ê ú ê ú ê ú ê ú ê ú ê ú - - - ë û ë û ë û ë û ë û EQUATION2015 V1 EN (Equation 21) where: IDL1 is the fundamental frequency differential current in phase L1 (in W1 side primary amperes) IDL2 is the fundamental frequency differential current in phase L2 (in W1 side primary amperes) IDL3 is the fundamental frequency differential current in phase L3 (in W1 side primary amperes) IL1_W1 is the fundamental frequency phase current in phase L1 on the W1 side IL2_W1 is the fundamental frequency phase current in phase L2 on the W1 side IL3_W1 is the fundamental frequency phase current in phase L3 on the W1 side IL1_W2 is the fundamental frequency phase current in phase L1 on the W2 side IL2_W2 is the fundamental frequency phase current in phase L2 on the W2 side IL3_W2 is the fundamental frequency phase current in phase L3 on the W2 side Ur_W1 is transformer rated phase-to-phase voltage on the W1 side (setting parameter) Ur_W2 is transformer rated phase-to-phase voltage on the W2 side (setting parameter) As marked in equation 1 and equation 2, the first term on the right hand side of the equation, represents the total contribution from the individual phase currents from the W1 side to the fundamental frequency differential currents, compensated for eventual power transformer phase shift. The second term on the right hand side of the equation, represents the total contribution from the individual phase currents from the W2 side to the fundamental frequency differential currents, compensated for eventual power transformer phase shift and transferred to the power transformer reference side. The third term on the right hand side of the equation, represents the total contribution from the individual phase currents from the W3 side to the fundamental frequency differential currents, compensated for eventual power transformer phase shift and transferred to the power transformer reference side. . The fundamental frequency differential currents are the magnitudes which are applied in a phase segregated manner to the operate - restrain characteristic of the differential protection. The magnitudes of the differential currents can be read as service values from the function and they are available as outputs IDL1MAG, IDL2MAG, IDL3MAG from the differential protection function block. Thus they can be connected to the disturbance recorder and automatically recorded during any external or internal fault condition. 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 6 Differential protection 91 Technical manual

The fundamental frequency differential current level is monitored at all times within the differential function. As soon as all three fundamental frequency differential currents are set above the set alarm level (IDiffAlarm), the pickup timer is started. When the pre-set time, defined by setting parameter tAlarmDelay, has expired a differential current alarm is generated and the output signal IDALARM is set to logical value one. 6.1.3.4 Bias current The bias current is calculated as the highest current amongst all individual winding current contributions, compensated for eventual power transformer phase shift and transferred to the power transformer reference side. All individual winding current contributions are already referred to the power transformer winding one side (power transformer HV winding) and therefore they can be compared regarding their magnitudes. There are six (or nine in the case of a three-winding transformer) contributions to the total fundamental differential currents, which are the candidates for the common bias current. The highest individual current contribution is taken as a common bias (restrain) current for all three phases. This "maximum principle" makes the differential protection more secure, with less risk to operate for external faults and in the same time brings more meaning to the breakpoint settings of the operate - restrain characteristic. The magnitudes of the common bias (restrain) current expressed in reference side amperes can be read as service value from the function. At the same time it is available as an output IBIAS from the differential protection function block. It can be connected to the disturbance recorder and automatically recorded during any external or internal fault condition. 6.1.3.5 Elimination of zero sequence currents The zero sequence currents can be eliminated from the differential bias current on a per winding basis via a parameter. Elimination of the zero sequence current component is necessary whenever: • the protected power transformer cannot transform the zero sequence currents to the other side. • the zero sequence currents can only flow on one side of the protected power transformer. In most cases, power transformers do not properly transform the zero sequence current to the other side. A typical example is a power transformer of the star-delta type, for example YNd1. Transformers of this type do not transform the zero sequence quantities, but zero sequence currents can flow in the earthed star- connected winding. In such cases, an external earth-fault on the star-side causes zero sequence current to flow on the star-side of the power transformer, but not on the delta side. This results Section 6 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Differential protection 92 Technical manual

high enough, these false differential currents can cause an unwanted disconnection of the healthy power transformer. They must therefore be subtracted from the fundamental frequency differential currents if an unwanted trip is to be avoided. For delta windings this feature shall be enabled only if an earthing transformer exist within the differential zone on the delta side of the protected power transformer. Removing the zero sequence current from the differential currents decreases to some extent the sensitivity of the differential protection for internal earth-faults. In order to counteract this effect to some degree, the zero sequence current is subtracted not only from the three fundamental frequency differential currents, but from the bias current as well. 6.1.3.6 Restrained and unrestrained limits of the differential protection The power transformer differential protection function uses two limits, to which actual magnitudes of the three fundamental frequency differential currents are compared at each execution of the function. The unrestrained (that is, non-stabilized, "instantaneous") part of the differential protection is used for very high differential currents, where it should be beyond any doubt, that the fault is internal. This settable limit is constant and not proportional to the bias current. Neither harmonic, nor any other restrain is applied to this limit, which is therefore capable to trip the power transformer instantaneously. The restrained (stabilized) part of the differential protection compares the calculated fundamental differential (operating) currents and the bias (restrain) current, by applying them to the operate - restrain characteristic. The operate - restrain characteristic is represented by a double-slope, double-breakpoint diagram, where the operating current is set against the bias current, as shown in figure 32 The characteristic is determined by the following 5 settings: 1. IdMin (Sensitivity in section 1, multiple of trans. Reference side rated current set under the parameter IBase in GlobalbaseSelW1) 2. EndSection1 (End of section 1, as multiple of transformer reference side rated current set under the parameter IBase in GlobalbaseSelW1) 3. EndSection2 (End of section 2, as multiple of transformer reference side rated current set under the parameter IBase in GlobalbaseSelW1) 4. SlopeSection2 (Slope in section 2, as multiple of transformer reference side rated current set under the parameter IBase in GlobalbaseSelW1) 5. SlopeSection3 (Slope in section 2, as multiple of transformer reference side rated current set under the parameter IBase in GlobalbaseSelW1) 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Section 6 Differential protection 93 Technical manual

operate current [ times IBase ] SlopeSection2 SlopeSection3 en05000187-2.vsd IEC05000187 V2 EN Figure 32: Description of the restrained, and the unrestrained operate characteristics where: Ioperate 100% slope Irestrain D = D × EQUATION1246 V1 EN The operate - restrain characteristic is tailor-made and can be designed freely by the user after his needs. The default characteristic is recommended to be used. It gives good results in a majority of applications. The reset ratio is in all parts of the characteristic equal to 0.95. Section 1: This is the most sensitive part on the characteristic. In section 1, normal currents flow through the protected object and its current transformers, and risk for higher false differential currents is relatively low. An un-compensated on-load tap- changer is a typical reason for existence of the false differential currents in this section. The slope in section 1 is always zero percent. Section 6 1MRK 502 048-UEN A Differential protection 94 Technical manual