AOpen AX4T II Online Manual

Maannuuaall Installation Utilities BIOS Setup Technical Support AX4T II DOC. NO.: AX4T2-OL-E0408C

Maannuuaall W Whhaatt’’ss iinn tthhiiss m maannuuaall AX4T II .............................................................................................................................................1 What’s in this manual ......................................................................................................................................................2 You Must Notice ..............................................................................................................................................................8 Before You Start ..............................................................................................................................................................9 Overview .......................................................................................................................................................................10 Feature Highlight ...........................................................................................................................................................11 Quick Installation Procedure..........................................................................................................................................14 Motherboard Map ..........................................................................................................................................................15 Block Diagram ...............................................................................................................................................................16 Hardware Installation..................................................................................................................17 About “Optional” and “Upgrade Optional”…...................................................................................................................18 JP14 Clear CMOS Data.................................................................................................................................................19 CPU Installation.............................................................................................................................................................20 CPU Jumper-less Design...............................................................................................................................................22 CPU and Housing Fan Connector (with H/W Monitoring)...............................................................................................25 RIMM Sockets ...............................................................................................................................................................27 Front Panel Connector ..................................................................................................................................................31 2 ATX Power Connector ...................................................................................................................................................32

Maannuuaall AC Power Auto Recovery ..............................................................................................................................................33 IDE, Floppy AND IDE RAID (Optional) Connector .........................................................................................................34 JP7 Raid Select Jumper (Optional)................................................................................................................................36 IrDA Connector..............................................................................................................................................................37 AGP (Accelerated Graphic Port) Pro Expansion Slot.....................................................................................................38 CNR (Communication and Network Riser) Expansion Slot ............................................................................................39 Support Intel ® PRO/100 Network Connection (Optional)................................................................................................40 PC99 Color Coded Back Panel......................................................................................................................................41 Support 2 nd USB Port.....................................................................................................................................................42 Chassis Intrusion Sensor...............................................................................................................................................43 CD Audio Connector......................................................................................................................................................44 Modem Audio Connector ...............................................................................................................................................45 Front Audio Connector...................................................................................................................................................46 Battery-less and Long Life Design.................................................................................................................................47 Over-current Protection .................................................................................................................................................48 Hardware Monitoring .....................................................................................................................................................49 Resettable Fuse ............................................................................................................................................................50 Low ESR Capacitor .......................................................................................................................................................51 Layout (Frequency Isolation Wall) .................................................................................................................................53 3

Maannuuaall Pure Aluminum Heatsink ...............................................................................................................................................54 Driver and Utility..........................................................................................................................55 Auto-run Menu from Bonus CD Disc..............................................................................................................................56 Eliminate “?” mark from Windows 95/98 ........................................................................................................................57 Installing Intel IAA Driver ...............................................................................................................................................58 Installing Onboard LAN Driver (Optional) ......................................................................................................................59 Installing Onboard Sound Driver....................................................................................................................................60 Installing Hardware Monitoring Utility ............................................................................................................................61 ACPI Suspend to Hard Drive .........................................................................................................................................62 ACPI Suspend to RAM (STR)........................................................................................................................................66 AWARD BIOS ................................................................................................................................68 About BIOS Function Description…...............................................................................................................................69 How To Use Award™ BIOS Setup Program...................................................................................................................70 How To Enter BIOS Setup .............................................................................................................................................72 BIOS Upgrade ...............................................................................................................................................................73 Overclocking ................................................................................................................................75 VGA Card & Hard Disk ..................................................................................................................................................76 Glossary .......................................................................................................................................77 4 AC97 .............................................................................................................................................................................77

Maannuuaall ACPI (Advanced Configuration & Power Interface)........................................................................................................77 AGP (Accelerated Graphic Port)....................................................................................................................................77 AMR (Audio/Modem Riser) ............................................................................................................................................78 AOpen Bonus Pack CD .................................................................................................................................................78 APM (Advanced Power Management) ...........................................................................................................................78 ATA (AT Attachment)......................................................................................................................................................78 ATA/66...........................................................................................................................................................................78 ATA/100.........................................................................................................................................................................79 BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) ................................................................................................................................79 Bus Master IDE (DMA mode).........................................................................................................................................79 CNR (Communication and Networking Riser)................................................................................................................79 CODEC (Coding and Decoding) ....................................................................................................................................80 DDR (Double Data Rated) SDRAM................................................................................................................................80 DIMM (Dual In Line Memory Module) ............................................................................................................................80 DMA (Direct Memory Access)........................................................................................................................................80 ECC (Error Checking and Correction)............................................................................................................................81 EDO (Extended Data Output) Memory...........................................................................................................................81 EEPROM (Electronic Erasable Programmable ROM) ....................................................................................................81 EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM).......................................................................................................................81 5

Maannuuaall EV6 Bus ........................................................................................................................................................................82 FCC DoC (Declaration of Conformity)............................................................................................................................82 FC-PGA (Flip Chip-Pin Grid Array) ................................................................................................................................82 Flash ROM ....................................................................................................................................................................82 FSB (Front Side Bus) Clock...........................................................................................................................................83 I 2C Bus ..........................................................................................................................................................................83 IEEE 1394 .....................................................................................................................................................................83 Parity Bit........................................................................................................................................................................84 PBSRAM (Pipelined Burst SRAM) .................................................................................................................................84 PC-100 DIMM................................................................................................................................................................84 PC-133 DIMM................................................................................................................................................................84 PC-1600 or PC-2100 DDR DRAM .................................................................................................................................84 PCI (Peripheral Component Interface) Bus....................................................................................................................85 PDF Format ...................................................................................................................................................................85 PnP (Plug and Play) ......................................................................................................................................................85 POST (Power-On Self Test)...........................................................................................................................................85 RDRAM (Rambus DRAM)..............................................................................................................................................86 RIMM (Rambus Inline Memory Module).........................................................................................................................86 SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM) ......................................................................................................................................86 6

Maannuuaall Shadow E 2PROM ..........................................................................................................................................................86 SIMM (Single In Line Memory Module)..........................................................................................................................87 SMBus (System Management Bus) ...............................................................................................................................87 SPD (Serial Presence Detect) .......................................................................................................................................87 Ultra DMA......................................................................................................................................................................88 USB (Universal Serial Bus)............................................................................................................................................88 VCM (Virtual Channel Memory) .....................................................................................................................................89 ZIP file ...........................................................................................................................................................................89 Troubleshooting ...........................................................................................................................90 Technical Support........................................................................................................................94 Product Registration....................................................................................................................97 How to Contact Us.......................................................................................................................98 7

Maannuuaall YYoouu M Muusstt NNoottiiccee Adobe, the Adobe logo, Acrobat is trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated. AMD, the AMD logo, Athlon and Duron are trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Intel, the Intel logo, Intel Celeron, Pentium II, Pentium III are trademarks of Intel Corporation. Microsoft, Windows, and Windows logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. All product and brand names used on this manual are used for identification purposes only and may be the registered trademarks of their respective owners. All of the specifications and information contained in this manual are subject to change without notice. AOpen reserves the right to revise this publication and to make reasonable changes. AOpen assumes no responsibility for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this manual, including the products and software described in it. This documentation is protected by copyright law. All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be used or reproduced in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system without prior written permission from AOpen Corporation. Copyright © 1996-2000, AOpen Inc. All Rights Reserved. 8

Maannuuaall BBeeffoorree YYoouu SSttaarrtt This Online Manual will introduce to the user how this product is installed. All useful information will be described in later chapters. Please keep this manual carefully for future upgrades or system configuration changes. This Online Manual is saved in PDF format, we recommend using Adobe Acrobat Reader 4.0 for online viewing, it is included in Bonus CD disc or you can get free download from Adobe web site. Although this Online Manual is optimized for screen viewing, it is still capable for hardcopy printing, you can print it by A4 paper size and set 2 pages per A4 sheet on your printer. To do so, choose File > Page Setup and follow the instruction of your printer driver. Thanks for the help of saving our earth. 9

Maannuuaall O Ovveerrvviieew w Thank you for choosing AOpen AX4T II motherboard. This motherboard is Intel ® Pentium 4 (Willamette/Northwood) motherboard (M/B) based on the ATX form featuring the Intel ® 850 chipset. As high performance chipset built in the M/B, the AX4T II can support Intel ® Pentium ® 4 800MHz~2.0GHz+ CPU. With Intel ® QDR (Quad Data Rate) technology, AX4T II supports 400MHz Front Side Bus (FSB) clock and provides up to 3.2GB/s data bandwidth between CPU and chipset. In the AGP performance, it has one AGP slot and supports AGP 4X mode and pipelined spilt-transaction long burst transfer up to 1066MB/sec. The MCH component provides Direct RDRAM interface that has dual Direct RDRAM channels support PC-600/800 RDRAM operation and maximum up to 2GB. The on-board IDE controller supports Ultra DMA 33/66/100 mode and the transfer rate up to 100MB/s. Further flexibility can be achieved by taking advantage of the Communication and Network Riser (CNR) card option that allows audio, modem, and/or LAN configuration on a single baseboard design. Besides, the AX4T II has an AC97 CODEC chipset onboard for provides high performance and magic surround stereo sound to let people enjoy working with it. Now, enjoy all features from AOpen AX4T II. 10

Maannuuaall FFeeaattuurree HHiigghhlliigghhtt CPU Supports Intel ® Socket 478 Pentium ® 4 800MHz~2.0GHz+ with 400MHz system bus designed for Socket 478 technology. Chipset The Intel ®- 850 chipset consists of three main components: Memory Control Hub (MCH), I/O Control Hub 2 (ICH2X) and Firmware Hub (FWH). All these components are interconnected via an Intel ® proprietary interface called hub interface. The hub interface designed into the Intel ® 850 chipset to provide efficient communication between components. Additional hardware platform features include AGP 4x mode, Direct RDRAM, Ultra ATA/100, Low Pin Count (LPC) interface, integrated LAN and Universal Serial Bus (USB). The platform is also ACPI compliant and supports Full-on, Stop Grant, Suspend to RAM, Suspend to Disk and Soft-off power management states. Through the use of an appropriate LAN connect, the platform supports Wake-on-LAN for remote administration and troubleshooting. Expansion Slots Including five 32-bit/33MHz PCI, one CNR and one AGP Pro slots. The PCI local bus throughput can be up to 132MB/s. The Communication & Nectworking Riser (CNR) slot provided from AX4T II can support CNR interface for a LAN/Modem/Audio card. The Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) specification provides a new level of video display sophistication and speed. The AGP video cards support data transfer rate up to 1066MB/s. As AX4T II motherboard includes one AGP Pro expansion slot for a bus mastering AGP graphic card, for AD and SBA signaling, AX4T II can support AGP 4X mode. 11

Maannuuaall Memory Provides four 168-pin DRDRAM DIMM socket that support up to 2GB of PC-600/800 compliant DRDRAM (Direct Rambus DRAM). You may install 64, 128, 256 or 512MB with ECC (Error Checking and Correction) RDRAM RIMM modules into each socket. Ultra DMA 33/66/100 Bus Mater IDE Comes with an on-board PCI Bus Master IDE controller with two connectors that supports four IDE devices in two channels, supports Ultra DMA 33/66/100, PIO Modes 3 and 4 and Bus Master IDE DMA Mode 4, and supports Enhanced IDE devices. On-board AC97 Sound AX4T II uses AC97 sound chip. This on-board audio includes a complete audio recording and playback system. Four USB Connectors AX4T II provides two ports, four USB connectors for USB interface devices such as mouse, keyboard, modem, scanner, etc. Power Management/Plug and Play AX4T II supports the power management function that confirms to the power-saving standards of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Energy Star program. It also offers Plug-and-Play, which helps save users from configuration problems, thus making system user-friendlier. 12

Maannuuaall Hardware Monitoring Management Supports CPU or system fans status, temperature and voltage monitoring and alert, through the on-board hardware monitor module. Enhanced ACPI Fully implement the ACPI standard for Windows ® 98/ME/2000 series compatibility, and supports Soft-Off, STR (Suspend to RAM, S3), STD (Suspend to Disk, S4), WOM (Wake On Modem), WOL (Wake On LAN) features. Super Multi-I/O AX4T II provides two high-speed UART compatible serial ports and one parallel port with EPP and ECP capabilities. UART2 can also be directed from COM2 to the Infrared Module for the wireless connections. 13

Maannuuaall Q Quuiicckk IInnssttaallllaattiioonn PPrroocceedduurree This page gives you a quick procedure on how to install your system. Follow each step accordingly. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Installing CPU and Fan Installing System Memory (DIMM Connecting Front Panel Cable Connecting IDE and Floppy Cable Connecting ATX Power Cable Connecting Back Panel Cable Power-on and Load BIOS Setup Default Setting CPU Frequency Reboot Installing Operating System (such as Windows 98) Installing Driver and Utility 14

Maannuuaall Motherboard Map ATA/100 Connector x2 (Optional) IDE RAID JP7 Raid Select Jumper (Optional) AGP Pro Expansion Slot 32-bit PCI Expansion Slot x5 CD-IN Connector CNR Expansion Slot IrDA Connector 4Mbit Flash ROM BIOS A Connector GP Pro External Power Front Panel Connector JP14 CMOS Clear Jumper FDD Connector Chassis Intrusion Detector Supports 2 nd USB Connector FAN2 Connector Front Audio Connector MODEM-CN Connector PC99 Colored Back Pane with 10/100Mbps Etherne RJ45 Connector(Optional Resettale Fuse 4-pin 12V ATX Power Connector CPU Fan Connector 478-pin CPU socket with Voltage and Frequency Auto-detection that suppo Intel ® Pentium ® 4 1.30~1.50GHz+ CPU Low ESR Capacitors 184-pin RIMM Socket x4 supports PC-600/800 RDRAM maximum up to 2GB Intel ® 850 chipset with MC ICH2X and FWH that supports LAN, Ultra ATA/1 RDRAM Solution FAN3 Connector ATX Power Connector ATA33/66/100 IDE Connector x2

AGP Pro Slot Serial Port x2 2nd USB Port 1st USB Port USB Connector x4 32-bit PCI Slot x5 Parallel Port IDE Drive x4 ATA 33/66100 PC-600/800 Direct RDRAM Up to 2GB Primary Channel 4Mbit Flash EEPROM Audio CODEC Modem CODEC AC’97 Link PCI Bus data transferring rate up to 133MB/s Firmware Hub Low Pin Count Super I/O Floppy Disk Drive x2 CNR Slot AC97 CODEC RIMM Socket x2 Dual Channel RDRAM data transferring rate up to 3.2GB/s AAXX44TT IIII OOnnlliinnee M Maannuuaall BBlloocckk DDiiaaggrraam m Secondary Channel

Maannuuaall HHaarrddwwaarree IInnssttaallllaattiioonn This chapter describes jumpers, connectors and hardware devices of this motherboard. Note: Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage your processor, disk drives, expansion boards, and other components. Always observe the following precautions before you install a system component. 1. Do not remove a component from its protective packaging until you are ready to install it. 2. Wear a wrist ground strap and attach it to a metal part of the system unit before handling a component. If a wrist strap is not available, maintain contact with the system unit throughout any procedure requiring ESD protection. 17

Maannuuaall AAbboouutt ““O Oppttiioonnaall”” aanndd ““UUppggrraaddee O Oppttiioonnaall””… … When you read this online manual and start to assemble your computer system, you may find some of functions are called “Optional”, and some are called “Upgrade Optional”. Owing to all of AOpen motherboards include many amazing and powerful features, but in some situations, these powerful features are not used to every user. Hence, we make some key features change to optional for you choose. Some of these optional functions can be upgrade by users, and therefore we called these optional functions are “Upgrade Optional”. About the optional functions that you can’t upgrade by yourself, we called them “Optional”. If needed, you can contact our local distributors or resellers for purchasing “Upgrade Optional” components, and again you can visit AOpen official web site: www.aopen.com.tw to get more detail information. 18

Maannuuaall JJPP1144 CClleeaarr CCM MO OSS DDaattaa You can clear CMOS to restore system default setting. To clear the CMOS, follow the procedure below. 1. Turn off the system and unplug the AC power. 2. Remove ATX power cable from connector PWR2. 3. Locate JP14 and short pins 2-3 for a few seconds. 4. Return JP14 to its normal setting by shorting pins 1 & pin2. 5. Connect ATX power cable back to connector PWR2. Pin 1 Tip: When should I Clear CMOS? 1. Boot fail because of overclocking… 2. Forget password… 3. Troubleshooting… 1 1 19 Clear CMOS Normal Operation (Default)

Maannuuaall CCPPUU IInnssttaallllaattiioonn This motherboard supports Intel ® Pentium ® 4 1.30~1.50GHz+ Socket 478 series CPU. Please follow the step as below to finish CPU installation. Be careful of CPU orientation when you plug it into CPU socket. 2. Locate Pin 1 in the socket and look for a black dot or cut edge on the CPU upper interface. Match Pin 1 and cut edge, then insert the CPU into the socket. 1. Pull up the CPU socket level and up to 90-degree angle. CPU socket Lever CPU pin 1 and cut edge CPU cut edge Note: These pictures are for example only; they may not exactly be the same as the motherboard you purchased. 20

Maannuuaall 3. Press down the CPU socket level and finish CPU installation. CPU cut edge Note: If you do not match the CPU socket Pin 1 and CPU cut edge well, it may damage the CPU. Note: This socket supports Micro-FC-PGA2 package CPU, which is the latest CPU package developed by Intel. Other forms of CPU package cannot be fitted in. Note: The CPU you purchase may look different from the one shown here. 21

Maannuuaall CCPPUU JJuum mppeerr--lleessss DDeessiiggnn CPU VID signal and SMbus clock generator provide CPU voltage auto-detection and allows the user to set the CPU frequency through the BIOS setup, therefore no jumpers or switches are used. The disadvantages of the Pentium based jumper-less designs are eliminated. There will be no worry of wrong CPU voltage detection. Intel ® Socket 478 series Pentium 4 CPU CPU voltage Clock Generator BIOS Controlled Circuit CPU Freq. Ratio CPU VID signal Power Regulator (Automatically generates CPU voltage) 22

Maannuuaall SSeettttiinngg CCPPUU FFrreeqquueennccyy This motherboard is CPU jumper-less design, you can set CPU frequency through the BIOS setup, and no jumpers or switches are needed. BIOS Setup > Frequency/Voltage Control > CPU Clock Ratio CPU Ratio 8x, 9x, 10x, 11x, ……, 22x, 23x CPU FSB 100-180MHz by 1MHz stepping Warning: Intel ® 850 chipset supports maximum 400MHz (100MHz*4) system bus and 66MHz AGP clock, higher clock setting may cause serious system damage. Tip: If your system hangs or fails to boot because of overclocking, simply use key to restore the default setting. Home 23

Maannuuaall SSuuppppoorrtteedd CCPPUU FFrreeqquueennccyy Note: This motherboard support CPU auto-detection function. Hence, you don’t need to setup the CPU frequency by manual. Core Frequency = CPU Bus Clock * 4 * CPU Ratio PCI Clock = CPU Bus Clock / Clock Ratio AGP Clock = PCI Clock x 2 CPU CPU Core Frequency FSB Clock Ratio Pentium 4 1.3G 1.3GHz 100MHz 13x Pentium 4 1.4G 1.4GHz 100MHz 14x Pentium 4 1.5G 1.5GHz 100MHz 15x Pentium 4 1.6G 1.6GHz 100MHz 16x Pentium 4 1.7G 1.7GHz 100MHz 17x Pentium 4 1.8G 1.8GHz 100MHz 18x Pentium 4 1.9G 1.9GHz 100MHz 19x Pentium 4 2.0G 2.0GHz 100MHz 20x Pentium 4 2.2G 2.2GHz 100MHz 22x Pentium 4 2.3G 2.3GHz 100MHz 23x 24 Warning: Intel ® 850 chipset supports maximum 400MHz (100MHz*4) system bus and 66MHz AGP clock, higher clock setting may cause serious system damage.

Maannuuaall CCPPUU aanndd HHoouussiinngg FFaann CCoonnnneeccttoorr ((w wiitthh HH//W W M Moonniittoorriinngg)) Plug in the CPU fan cable to the 3-pin CPU FAN connector. If you have chassis fan, you can also plug it on FAN2 or FAN3 (without H/W monitoring) connector. Note: Some CPU fans do not have sensor pin, so that cannot support hardware monitoring function. CPU Fan Connector GND +12V SENSOR NC +12V FAN3 Connector GND 25 FAN2 Connector

Maannuuaall HHoow w ttoo IInnssttaallll CCPPUU HHeeaattssiinnkk aanndd FFaann This motherboard comes with a retention module attached on the CPU socket when shipped, we strongly recommend you to install AOpen special designed CPU Fan as shown below on the retention module for better heat dissipation. Please install the CPU Fan correctly as the following pictures shown. 2. Pressing down the four clips with force one by one on the retention module. 1. Gently put the CPU Fan down on the retention module with clips aligning correctly to the four corners. Clip Note: The picture above may look different from the product you purchased. 26

Maannuuaall RRIIM MM M SSoocckkeettss This motherboard has four 184-pin RIMM sockets that allow you to install PC600 and PC800 RDRAM up to 2GB. AX4T II will detect the RDRAM speed automatically while system is in POST, but it still allows you to select the RDRAM type manually by BIOS setup program. RIMM3 RIMM4 Note: Based on Intel 850 chipset specification, AX4T II has dual memory channel. Please note that when you insert RIMM modules, you have to insert them into RIMM 1 and 4, and have terminators inserted into RIMM 2 and 3. Or you can insert RIMM modules into RIMM 2 and 3, and have terminators inserted into RIMM 1 and 4 RIMM2 RIMM1 27

Maannuuaall Pictures below are Direct RDRAM memory module and RIMM terminator (also called C-RIMM). Please do not forget to insert the RIMM terminator into the proper RIMM socket, otherwise the system cannot be booted. DRDRAM RIMM Module RIMM Terminator 28

Maannuuaall HHoow w ttoo IInnssttaallll M Meem moorryy M Moodduulleess Please follow the procedure as shown below to finish memory installation. 1. Make sure the RIMM module’s pin face down and match the socket’s size as depicted below. 60 pins 88 pins 2. Insert the module straight down to the RIMM slot with both hands and press down firmly until the RIMM module is securely in place. Note: The tabs of the RIMM slot will close-up to hold the RIMM in place when the RIMM touches the slot’s bottom. Tab 29

Maannuuaall 3. Repeat step 2 to finish additional RIMM & C-RIMM modules installation. Direct RDRAM Module C-RIMM Module Note: Please do not forget to install the C-RIMM modules into the proper RIMM slots. Note: Pictures shown here are for reference only. 30

Maannuuaall FFrroonntt PPaanneell CCoonnnneeccttoorr Attach the power LED, EMPI, speaker, power and reset switch connectors to the corresponding pins. If you enable “Suspend Mode” item in BIOS Setup, the ACPI & Power LED will keep flashing while the system is in suspend mode. Locate the power switch cable from your ATX housing. It is 2-pin female connector from the housing front panel. Plug this connector to the soft-power switch connector marked SPWR. Suspend Type ACPI LED Power on Suspend (S1) or Suspend to RAM (S3) Keep flashing Suspend to Disk (S4) The LED will be turned off 1 1 Speaker IDE LED Reset + + + Power Switch + + ACPI & Power LED NC NC +5V IDE LED IDE LED +5V +5V GND NC SPEAKER SPWR GND ACPI & PWR LED GND +5V NC NC GND RESET GND

Maannuuaall AATTXX PPoow weerr CCoonnnneeccttoorr This motherboard comes with a 20-pin and 4-pin ATX power connector as shown below. Make sure you plug in the right direction. We strongly recommend you to connect the 4-pin 12V ATX connector before connecting the 20-pin ATX power connector and use standard power supply specially designed for Pentium 4 system. Power Connector +5V +5V +5V +5V COM +3.3V +3.3V +3.3V COM COM COM COM COM -5V COM -12V PS-ON PW-OK +12V 5VSB 32

Maannuuaall AACC PPoow weerr AAuuttoo RReeccoovveerryy A traditional ATX system should remain at power off stage when AC power resumes from power failure. This design is inconvenient for a network server or workstation, without an UPS, that needs to keep power-on. This motherboard implements an AC Power Auto Recovery function to solve this problem. 33

Maannuuaall IIDDEE,, FFllooppppyy AANNDD IIDDEE RRAAIIDD ((O Oppttiioonnaall)) CCoonnnneeccttoorr RAID IDE 2 Master (3rd) Connect 34-pin floppy cable and 40-pin, 80-wire IDE cable to floppy connector FDC and IDE / IDE RAID connector. Be careful of the pin1 orientation. Wrong orientation may cause system damage. Primary Slave (2nd) Secondary Master (3rd) Secondary Slave (4th) Primary Master (1st) RAID IDE 1 Slave (2nd) RAID IDE 1 Master (1st) IDE2 (Secondary) ATA 33/66/100 IDE Connector IDE1 (Primary) RAID IDE 2 Slave (4th) FDD Connector Pin 1

Maannuuaall IDE1 is also known as the primary channel and IDE2 as the secondary channel. Each channel supports two IDE devices that make a total of four devices. In order to work together, the two devices on each channel must be set differently to Master and Slave mode. Either one can be the hard disk or the CDROM. The setting as master or slave mode depends on the jumper on your IDE device, so please refer to your hard disk and CDROM manual accordingly. This motherboard supports ATA33, ATA66 or ATA100 IDE devices. Following table lists the transfer rate of IDE PIO and DMA modes. The IDE bus is 16-bit, which means every transfer is two bytes. Mode Clock Period Clock Count Cycle Time Data Transfer Rate PIO mode 0 30ns 20 600ns (1/600ns) x 2byte = 3.3MB/s PIO mode 1 30ns 13 383ns (1/383ns) x 2byte = 5.2MB/s PIO mode 2 30ns 8 240ns (1/240ns) x 2byte = 8.3MB/s PIO mode 3 30ns 6 180ns (1/180ns) x 2byte = 11.1MB/s PIO mode 4 30ns 4 120ns (1/120ns) x 2byte = 16.6MB/s DMA mode 0 30ns 16 480ns (1/480ns) x 2byte = 4.16MB/s DMA mode 1 30ns 5 150ns (1/150ns) x 2byte = 13.3MB/s DMA mode 2 30ns 4 120ns (1/120ns) x 2byte = 16.6MB/s UDMA 33 30ns 4 120ns (1/120ns) x 2byte x2 = 33MB/s UDMA 66 30ns 2 60ns (1/60ns) x 2byte x2 = 66MB/s UDMA100 20ns 2 40ns (1/40ns) x 2byte x2 = 100MB/s 35 Tip: 1. For better signal quality, it is recommended to set the far end side device to master mode and follow the suggested sequence to install your new device. Please refer to above diagra m 2. To achieve the best performance of Ultra DMA 66/100 hard disks, a special 80-wires IDE cable for Ultra DMA 66/100 is required. Warning: The specification of the IDE cable is a maximum of 46cm (18 inches); make sure your cable does not exceed this length.

Maannuuaall JJPP77 RRaaiidd SSeelleecctt JJuum mppeerr ((O Oppttiioonnaall)) This jumper allows you to select the Raid function by adjusting the position of its yellow cap. JP7 Enable/Disable Raid Jumper Pin 1 1 1 Other IDE Raid 36

Maannuuaall IIrrDDAA CCoonnnneeccttoorr The IrDA connector can be configured to support wireless infrared module, with this module and application software such as Laplink or Windows 95 Direct Cable Connection, the user can transfer files to or from laptops, notebooks, PDA devices and printers. This connector supports HPSIR (115.2Kbps, 2 meters) and ASK-IR (56Kbps). Install the infrared module onto the IrDA connector and enable the infrared function from BIOS Setup, UART2 Mode, make sure to have the correct orientation when you plug in the IrDA connector. IrDA Connector Pin 1 1 NC +5V IR_TX KEY GND IR_RX 37

Maannuuaall AAG GPP ((AAcccceelleerraatteedd G Grraapphhiicc PPoorrtt)) PPrroo EExxppaannssiioonn SSlloott AX4T II provides an AGP Pro slot. The AGP Pro is a bus interface targeted for high-performance 3D graphic. Recently, there are more memory modules on the AGP card. Hence, the AGP card needs more power to drive these chips. The AGP Pro interface has more power pins to provide more power for the card. AGP supports only memory read/write operation and single-master single-slave one-to-one only. AGP Pro now supports AGP 4x mode, 66MHz x 4bytes x 4 = 1056MB/s. There is an external power connector called CN12 for AGP card. You can connect it with proper cable to get steady power for AGP Pro display card. +12V GND GND VCC AGP Pro Expansion Slot 38

Maannuuaall CCNNRR ((CCoom mm muunniiccaattiioonn aanndd NNeettw woorrkk RRiisseerr)) EExxppaannssiioonn SSlloott CNR is a riser card specification to replace the AMR (Audio/Modem Riser) that supports V.90 analog modem, multi-channel audio, and phone-line based networking. Owing to CPU computing power getting stronger, the digital processing job can be implemented in main chipset and share CPU power. The analogy conversion (CODEC) circuit requires a different and separate circuit design, which is put on CNR card. This motherboard implements sound CODEC on board (can be disabled by BIOS setup program), but reserve CNR slot for the option of modem function. Note that you can still use PCI modem card. CNR Expansion Slot 39

Maannuuaall SSuuppppoorrtt IInntteell®® PPRRO O//110000 NNeettw woorrkk CCoonnnneeccttiioonn ((O Oppttiioonnaall)) This motherboard has a fast Ethernet controller on chip. On the strength of LAN chip onboard, it provides 10/100M bps Ethernet for office and home use, the Ethernet connector is located on top of USB connectors. 40

Maannuuaall PPCC9999 CCoolloorr CCooddeedd BBaacckk PPaanneell The onboard I/O devices are PS/2 Keyboard, PS/2 Mouse, COM1 and COM2, Printer, RJ45 LAN (optional), four USBs, AC97 sound and game ports. The view angle of drawing shown here is from the back panel of the housing. PS/2 Keyboard: For standard keyboard, which is using a PS/2 plug. PS/2 Mouse: For PC-Mouse, which is using a PS/2 plug. RJ45 10/100Mbps LAN Connector (Optional) MIDI/Game Port COM 2 Port COM 1 Port SPP/EPP/ECP Parallel Port USB Connectors PS/2 Keyboard Connector PS/2 Mouse Connector MIC-In Line-In Speaker Out USB Connector: Available for connecting USB devices. RJ45 LAN Connector: To connect with 10/100Mbps Ethernet. Parallel Port: To connect with SPP/ECP/EPP printer. COM 1/COM 2 Port: To connect with pointing devices, modem or others serial devices. Speaker Out: To External Speaker, Earphone or Amplifier. Line-In: Comes from the signal sources, such as CD/Tape player. MIC-In: From Microphone. 41 MIDI/Game Port: For 15-pin PC joystick, game pad or MIDI devices.

Maannuuaall SSuuppppoorrtt 22nndd UUSSBB PPoorrtt This motherboard provides 4 USB connectors to connect USB devices, such as mouse, keyboard, modem, printer, etc. There are two connectors on the PC99 back panel. You can use proper cable to connect others USB connectors to the back plane or front panel of chassis. Pin 1 NC GND SBD3+ SBD3- +5V KEY GND SBD2+ SBD2- +5V 1

Maannuuaall CChhaassssiiss IInnttrruussiioonn SSeennssoorr The “CASE OPEN” header provides chassis intrusion-monitoring function. This function will log an event in the system BIOS when this header is connected. You can use the 2-pin chassis intrusion sensor to connect with this header, and enable the chassis monitoring function of system BIOS. 1 SENSOR GND Chassis Intrusion Sensor Connector 43

Maannuuaall CCDD AAuuddiioo CCoonnnneeccttoorr This connector is used to connect CD Audio cable from CDROM or DVD drive to onboard sound. CD-IN R GND GND L 44

Maannuuaall M Mooddeem m AAuuddiioo CCoonnnneeccttoorr This connector is used to connect Mono In/MIC Out cable from internal modem card to onboard sound circuit. The pin 1-2 is Mono In, and the pin 3-4 is MIC Out. Please note that there is no standard for this kind of connector yet, only some internal modem cards implement this connector. MIC OUT GND GND MONO IN 45 M MO ODDEEM M--CCNN CCoonnnneeccttoorr

Maannuuaall FFrroonntt AAuuddiioo CCoonnnneeccttoorr If the housing has been design with an audio port on the front panel, you’ll be able to connect onboard audio to front panel through this connector. AUD_GND AUD_VCC AUD_RET_R HP_ON AUD_FPOUT_ 1 2 9 10 AUD_FPOUT_R AUD_MIC_BIAS AUD_MIC AUD_RET_L KEY AUDIO Connector 46

Maannuuaall BBaatttteerryy--lleessss aanndd LLoonngg LLiiffee DDeessiiggnn This Motherboard implements Flash ROM and a special circuit that allows you to save your current CPU and CMOS Setup configurations without the need of a battery. The RTC (real time clock) can also keep running as long as the power cord is plugged. If you lose your CMOS data by accident, you can just reload the CMOS configurations from Flash ROM and the system will recover as usual. ATX Stand-by Power Battery Backup by EEPROM Auto Switch RTC (Real Time Clock) 00:00:00 Flash ROM CMOS Auto switching to ATX standby power as long as AC power line is plugged. This smart design increases battery life if you still plug battery on motherboard. 47

Maannuuaall O Ovveerr--ccuurrrreenntt PPrrootteeccttiioonn The Over Current Protection was very popular implemented on ATX 3.3V/5V/12V switching power supply. However, the new generation CPU uses different voltage that has regulator to transfer 5V to CPU voltage (for example, 2.0V), and makes 5V over current protection useless. This motherboard is with switching regulator onboard supports CPU over-current protection; in conjunction with 3.3V/5V/12V power supply provide the full line over-current protection. 12V (Protected by power supply) 5V (Protected by power supply) Over-Current Protection Circuit Onboard Power Regulator 3.3V (Protected by power supply) ATX Switching Power Supply CPU Core Voltage 48 Note: Although we have implemented protection circuit try to prevent any human operating mistake, there is still certain risk that CPU, memory, HDD, add-on cards installed on this motherboard may be damaged because of component failure, human operating error or unknown nature reason. AOpen cannot guaranty the protection circuit will always work perfectly.

Maannuuaall HHaarrddw waarree M Moonniittoorriinngg This motherboard implements a hardware monitoring system. As you turn on your system, this smart design will continue to monitor your system’s working voltage, fan status and CPU temperature. If any of these systems’ status go wrong, there will be an alarm through the chassis external speaker or buzzer of motherboard (if existed) to warn the user. CPU Voltage CPU CPU Temperature System Voltage Power Fan Fan Speed AOpen H/W Monitoring Utility Detection Circuit 49

Maannuuaall RReesseettttaabbllee FFuussee Traditional motherboard has fuse for Keyboard and USB port to prevent over-current or shortage. These fuses are soldered onboard that when it is broken (did the job to protect motherboard), user still cannot replace it and the motherboard is still malfunction. With expensive Resettable Fuse, the motherboard can back to normal function after fuse did the protection job. Resettable Fuse 50

Maannuuaall LLoow w EESSRR CCaappaacciittoorr A group of large capacitors that meet the requirements of today’s high performance motherboard design. The theory behind this is long transmission lines have considerable inductance and capacitance as well as resistance. When a current flows through the line, inductance and capacitance have the effect of varying the voltage on the line as the current varies. Thus the supply voltage varies with the load. Several kinds of devices are used to overcome this undesirable variation, in an operation called regulation of the voltage. They include induction regulators and three-phase synchronous motors (called synchronous condensers), both of which vary the effective amount of inductance and capacitance in the transmission circuit. Inductance and capacitance react with a tendency to nullify one another. When a load circuit has more inductive than capacitive reactance, as almost invariably occurs in large power systems, the amount of power delivered for a given voltage and current is less than when the two are equal. The ratio of these two amounts of power is called the power factor. Because transmission-line losses are proportional to current, capacitance is added to the circuit when possible, thus bringing the power factor as nearly as possible to 1. For this reason, large capacitors are frequently inserted as a part of power-transmission systems. 51

Maannuuaall The power circuit of the CPU core voltage must be checked to ensure system stability for high speed CPUs (such as the new Pentium III, or when overclocking). A typical CPU core voltage is 2.0V, so a good design should control voltage between 1.860V and 2.140V. That is, the transient must be below 280mV. Below is a timing diagram captured by a Digital Storage Scope, it shows the voltage transient is only 143mv even when maximum 18A current is applied. Note: This diagram is for example only, it may not be exactly the same as this motherboard. 52

Maannuuaall LLaayyoouutt ((FFrreeqquueennccyy IIssoollaattiioonn W Waallll)) Note: This diagram for example only, it may not be exactly the same as this motherboard. For high frequency operation, especially overclocking, layout is the most important factor to make sure chipset and CPU working in stable condition. The layout of this motherboard implements AOpen’s unique design called “ Frequency Isolation Wall”. Separating each critical portion of motherboard into regions where each region operates in a same or similar frequency range to avoid cross talk and frequency interference between each region’s operations and condition. The trace length and route must be calculated carefully. For example, the clock trace must be equal length (not necessarily as short as possible) so that clock skew will be controlled within few a pico second (1/10 12 Sec) 53

Maannuuaall PPuurree AAlluum miinnuum m HHeeaattssiinnkk Cool down CPU and Chipset is important for system reliability. Aluminum heat sink provides better heat consumption especially when you are trying to overclock. 54

Maannuuaall DDrriivveerr aanndd UUttiilliittyy There are motherboard drivers and utilities included in AOpen Bonus CD disc. You don’t need to install all of them in order to boot your system. But after you finish the hardware installation, you have to install your operation system first (such as Windows 98) before you can install any drivers or utilities. Please refer to your operation system’s installation guide. Note: Please follow recommended procedure to install Windows 95 and Windows 98. 55

Maannuuaall AAuuttoo--rruunn M Meennuu ffrroom m BBoonnuuss CCDD DDiisscc You can use the auto-run menu of Bonus CD disc. Choose the utility and driver and select model name. 56

Maannuuaall EElliim miinnaattee ““??”” m maarrkk ffrroom m W Wiinnddoow wss 9955//9988 Windows 95/98 cannot recognize this chipset, because it was released before the Intel 850 chipset. You can install the Intel INF Update Utility from the Bonus Pack CD disc auto-run menu to eliminate the “?” marks. 57

Maannuuaall IInnssttaalllliinngg IInntteell IIAAAA DDrriivveerr You can install Intel IAA Driver to increase the performance of software applications and reduce PC boot times. You can find it in the AOpen Bonus Pack CD disc. 58

Maannuuaall IInnssttaalllliinngg O Onnbbooaarrdd LLAANN DDrriivveerr ((O Oppttiioonnaall)) This motherboard comes with an Intel ® 82562ET 10/100 LAN controller. You can find the LAN driver from the Bonus Pack CD disc. Please finish the onboard sound chip driver installation as following: 1. Install operation system fully. 2. After installation, go the “Start” menu and choose “Setting”. 3. From the “Setting” menu”, choose “Control Panel”. 4. In the “Control Panel” window, double-click the “System” icon. 5. In the “System” window, choose the “Device Manager” tab. 6. In the hierarchical display under “Other Devices” is a listing for “PCI Ethernet Controller”. Choose it and then press ”Properties” button. 7. Choose “Driver” tab in the “Properties” window, choose “Update Driver”, and then press “Next”. 8. Choose “Search for a better driver than the one your device id using now (recommended)”, and then press “Next”. 9. Choose “Specify Location”, and then type full path of driver location in the text box. Or you can choose “Browse” button for specify driver’s location. 10. Insert the AOpen Bonus Pack CD into the CD-ROM. 11. Press the “Next” button. A message informing you that system has found “Intel (R) PRO/100 VE Network Connection” should appear. 12. Press the “Next”, and then “Finish”, and then “Yes” when asked if you want to restart your computer. 59

Maannuuaall IInnssttaalllliinngg O Onnbbooaarrdd SSoouunndd DDrriivveerr This motherboard comes with an RealTek ALC201 chip. You can find the audio driver from the Bonus Pack CD disc auto-run menu. 60

Maannuuaall IInnssttaalllliinngg HHaarrddw waarree M Moonniittoorriinngg UUttiilliittyy You can install Hardware Monitoring Utility to monitor CPU temperature, fans and system voltage. The hardware monitoring function is automatically implemented by the BIOS and utility software. No hardware installation is needed. To install the software, double click “Setup.exe”. The driver will be copied into Windows directory and an entry of “Hardware Monitor” in the start menu will be created. 61

Maannuuaall AACCPPII SSuussppeenndd ttoo HHaarrdd DDrriivvee ACPI Suspend to Hard Drive is basically controlled by Windows operation system. It saves your current work (system status, memory and screen image) into hard disk, and then the system can be totally power off. Next time, when power is on, you can resume your original work directly from hard disk within few seconds without go through the Windows booting process and run your application again. If your memory is 64MB, normally, you need to reserve at least 64MB HDD space to save your memory image. System Image & Status Hard Disk When go into Suspend: Save into Restore within seconds System Image & Status Hard Disk When power-on next time:

Maannuuaall System Requirement 1. AOZVHDD.EXE 1.30b or later. 2. Delete config.sys and autoexec.bat. Fresh installation of Windows 98 on a new system 1. Execute "Setup.exe /p j" to install Windows 98 2. After Windows 98's installation is complete, go to the Control Panel > Power Management. a. Set Power Schemes > System Standby to "Never". b. Click on "Hibernate" and select "Enable Hibernate Support" then "Apply". c. Click on the "Advanced" tab, you'll see "Hibernate" on "Power Buttons". Note that this option will only be seen after step b mentioned above has been completed; otherwise only "Standby" and "Shutdown" will be shown. Select "Hibernate" and "Apply". 3. Clean boot into DOS and run AOZVHDD utility. a. If you assign the whole disk to your Win 98 system (FAT 16 or FAT 32), please run "aozvhdd /c /file". Please remember sufficient free space has to be reserved in the disk, e.g. if you have 64 MB DRAM and 16 MB VGA card installed, the system needs at least 80 MB free space. The utility will locate the space automatically. b. If you assign an individual partition for Win 98, please run "aozvhdd /c /partition". Of course, the system needs to provide unformatted an empty partition. 4. Reboot system. 5. You've already implemented ACPI Suspend to-Hard Drive. Click "Start > Shut Down > Standby" then the screen will go off immediately. And 1 minute or so will be taken for the system to save what's in the memory to the hard drive; the larger the memory size the longer this process will take. 63

Maannuuaall Changing from APM to ACPI (Windows 98 only) 1. Run "Regedit.exe" a. Go through the following path HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE SOFTWARE MICROSOFT WINDOWS CURRENT VERSION DETECT b. Select "ADD Binary" and name it as "ACPIOPTION". c. Right click and select Modify, add "01" after "0000" to make it "0000 01". d. Save changes. 2. Select "Add New Hardware" under Control Panel. Allow Windows 98 to detect new hardware. (It will find "ACPI BIOS" and remove "Plug and Play BIOS") 3. Reboot system. 4. Clean boot into DOS and run "AOZVHDD.EXE /C /File" Changing from ACPI to APM 64 1. Run "Regedit.exe"

Maannuuaall a. Go through the following path HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE SOFTWARE MICROSOFT WINDOWS CURRENT VERSION DETECT ACPI OPTION b. Right click and select "Modify, change "01" to "02" to make it "0000 02". Tip: "02" means Windows 98 is ACPI acknowledged but the ACPI function is disabled. c. Save changes. 2. Select "Add New Hardware" under Control Panel. Allow Windows 98 to detect new hardware. (It will find "Plug and Play BIOS" and remove "ACPI BIOS") 3. Reboot system. 4. Run "Add New Hardware" again and it will find "Advanced Power Management Resource". 5. Click "OK". 65 Tip: Currently we found only ATI 3D Rage Pro AGP card would support ACPI suspend to disk. Please refer to AOpen web site for latest update

Maannuuaall AACCPPII SSuussppeenndd ttoo RRAAM M ((SSTTRR)) This motherboard supports ACPI Suspend to RAM function. With this function, you can resume your original work directly from DRAM without going through the Windows 98 booting process and run your application again. Suspend to DRAM saves your current work in the system memory, it is faster than Suspend to Hard Drive but requires power supplied to DRAM, while Suspend to Hard Drive requires no power. When go into Suspend: System Image & Status in the DRAM Other System Devices Power loss Power back to work Other System Devices Backup by 3.3V Power When power-on next time: System Image & Status in the DRAM Power back to work 66

Maannuuaall To implement ACPI Suspend to DRAM, please follow the procedures as below: System Requirement 1. An ACPI OS is required. Currently, Windows 98 is the only choice. 2. The VIA 4 in 1 Driver must have been installed properly. Procedures 1. Changed the following BIOS settings. BIOS Setup > Power Management Setup > ACPI Function: Enabled BIOS Setup > Power Management Setup > ACPI Suspend Type: S3. 2. Go to Control Panel > Power Management. Set “Power Buttons” to “Standby”. 3. Press power button or standby button to wake up the system. 67

Maannuuaall AAW WAARRDD BBIIOOSS System parameters can be modified by going into BIOS Setup menu, this menu allows you to configure the system parameters and save the configuration into the 128 bytes CMOS area, (normally in the RTC chip or in the main chipset). The AwardBIOS™ that installed in the Flash ROM of the motherboard is a custom version of an industry standard BIOS. The BIOS provides critical low-level support for standard devices such as hard disk drives, serial and parallel ports. Most BIOS setting of AX4T II had optimized by AOpen’s R&D engineering team. But, the default setting of BIOS still can’t fine-tune the chipset controlling entire system. Hence, the rest of this chapter is intended to guide you through the process of configuring your system using setup. To enter to BIOS setup menu, press when POST (Power-On Self Test) screen is shown on your monitor. Note: Because the BIOS code is the most often changed part of the motherboard design, the BIOS information contained in this manual may be different with actual BIOS that come with your motherboard. 68

Maannuuaall AAbboouutt BBIIO OSS FFuunnccttiioonn DDeessccrriippttiioonn… … AOpen always dedicates to give users a more friendly computer system. Now, we include all function descriptions of BIOS setup program into the BIOS Flash ROM. When you select one function of BIOS setup program, the function description will appeared at right side of screen. Hence, you don’t need read this manual while you changing the BIOS setting. 69 Item Function Description Window Menu Items Select Window

Maannuuaall HHoow w TToo UUssee AAw waarrdd™ ™ BBIIO OSS SSeettuupp PPrrooggrraam m Generally, you can use the arrow keys to highlight items that you want to choose, then press key to select, and use the and key to change setting value. You also can press key for help and press key to quit Award™ BIOS setup program. The following table provides details about how to use keyboard in the Award™ BIOS setup program. By the way, all products of AOpen also provides a special function in the BIOS setup, you can press key selecting preferred menu language to display. 70 Key Description Page Up or + Changing setting to next value or increase the value. Page Down or - Changing setting to previous value or decrease value. Enter Select the item. Esc 1. In main menu: Quit and don’t save any change. 2. In sub menu: Exit current menu to main menu. Up Arrow Highlight previous item. Down Arrow Highlight next item. Left Arrow Move the light bar to left side of menu. Right Arrow Move the light bar to right side of menu. F1 Get menu or item help description. F3 Changing menu language. F5 Load previous setting value from CMOS.

Maannuuaall Key Description F6 Load fail-save setting value from CMOS. F7 Load turbo setting value from CMOS. F10 Save changed setting and exit setup program. Note: AOpen always dedicates to give users a more friendly computer system. Now, we include all function descriptions of BIOS setup program into the BIOS Flash ROM. When you select one function of BIOS setup program, the function description will appeared at right side of screen. Hence, you don’t need read this manual while you change the BIOS setting. 71

Maannuuaall HHoow w TToo EEnntteerr BBIIO OSS SSeettuupp After you finish the setting of jumpers and connect correct cables. Power on and enter the BIOS Setup, press during POST (Power-On Self Test). Choose "Load Setup Defaults" for recommended optimal performance. De l 72 Warning: Please avoid of using "Load Turbo Defaults", unless you are sure your system components (CPU, DRAM, HDD, etc.) are good enough for turbo setting.

Maannuuaall BBIIO OSS UUppggrraaddee By flashing your motherboard, you agree to accept the possibility of BIOS flash failure. If you motherboard is working and is stable, and there are no major bugs that were fixed by a latter BIOS revision, we recommend that you DO NOT try to upgrade your BIOS. By doing so, you are taking a risk of BIOS flash failure. If you indeed intent on upgrading, PLEASE BE SURE to use the right BIOS revision for the right motherboard model. AOpen Easy Flash is a little different than traditional flash method. The BIOS binary file and flash routine are linked together and you simply run a single commend to complete the flash process. Caution: AOpen Easy Flash BIOS programs are designed to be compatible with the Award BIOS. At the date of this note, AOpen Easy Flash BIOS programs are not available for AMI BIOS. AMI BIOS appears mostly only on old 486 boards and some early Pentium boards. Please be sure to view the README compressed inside the BIOS package before upgrading, and follow upgrade instructions carefully. This will minimize the chance of flash failures. 73

Maannuuaall Below are the steps for easy flashing procedures: (applies for Award BIOS ONLY) 1. Download new BIOS upgrade zip file from AOpen's web site. For example, AX4T2102.ZIP. 2. Run shareware PKUNZIP (http://www.pkware.com/) which supports miscellaneous operation systems to extract the binary BIOS file and the flash utility. Or Winzip (http://www.winzip.com/) in Windows environment. 3. Save the unzipped file into a bootable floppy disk. For example, AX4T2102.BIN & AX4T2102.EXE 4. Reboot the system to DOS mode without loading any memory handler (such as EMM386) or device driver. It needs around 520K free memory spaces. 5. Execute A:> AX4T2102 and the program will do the rest of it. DO NOT turn off the power during FLASH PROCESS until you are asked to!! 6. Reboot system and press to enter BIOS setup, Choose "Load Setup Defaults", then “Save & Exit Setup”. Done! 74 Warning: The new BIOS upgrade will permanently replace your original BIOS's settings and PnP information when flashing. You may need to reconfigure your BIOS setting and re-install Win95/Win98 as well as your add-on cards, so that your system can go back to work as normal.

Maannuuaall OOvveerrcclloocckkiinngg As a leading manufacturer in motherboard industry, AOpen always listens to what customers want and develop products to fit different user's requirements. Reliability, compatibility, leading technology and friendly features are our basic goals when designing motherboards. Other than above mentioned design criteria, there are power users who are always seeking to push the limitation of the system performance by overclocking which we call them "Overclocker". This section is dedicated to overclockers. This high performance motherboard is designed for maximum 100MHz (System bus = 400MHz) CPU bus clock. But it comes with clock generator of 180MHz when we design it to accommodate future CPU bus clock. Our lab test results shown that 115MHz is achievable when proper setting and qualified components were presented, we feel quite comfortable overclocking to 115MHz. Not only that, this motherboard has full-range (CPU core voltage) settings. For your reference, the configuration that we feel comfortable is at 115MHz bus clock. Warning: The design of this product follows CPU and chipset vendor's design guideline. Any attempts to push beyond product specification are not recommended and you are taking your own risk to damage your system or important data. Before doing overclocking, you must make sure your components are able to tolerate such abnormal setting, especially CPU, DRAMs, hard disks, and AGP VGA cards. But not guaranty. ☺ 75 Tip: Note that overclocking may also cause thermal problem. Please make sure that the cooling fan and the heatsink were adequate to dissipate excessive heat that's generated by overclocking the CPU.

Maannuuaall VVG GAA CCaarrdd && HHaarrdd DDiisskk VGA and HDD is key components for overclocking, for your reference, the following list are what have been successful overclocked in our lab. Please note that AOpen can not guaranty they can be successful overclocked again. Please check the Available Vendor List (AVL) by link to our official website. VGA: http://www.aopen.com.tw/tech/report/overclk/mb/vga-oc.htm HDD: http://www.aopen.com.tw/tech/report/overclk/mb/hdd-oc.htm 76

Maannuuaall GGlloossssaarryy AACC9977 Basically, AC97 specification separates sound/modem circuit to two parts, digital processor and a CODEC for analogy I/O they are linked by AC97 link bus. Since digital processor can be put into motherboard main chipset, the cost of sound/modem onboard solution can be reduced. AACCPPII ((AAddvvaanncceedd CCoonnffiigguurraattiioonn && PPoow weerr IInntteerrffaaccee)) ACPI is the power management specification of PC97 (1997). It intends to save more power by taking full control of power management to operating system and bypass BIOS. The chipset or super I/O chip needs to provide standard register interface to operating system (such as Windows 98). This is a bit similar as the PnP register interface. ACPI defines ATX momentary soft power switch to control the power state transition. AAG GPP ((AAcccceelleerraatteedd G Grraapphhiicc PPoorrtt)) AGP is a bus interface targeted for high-performance 3D graphic. AGP supports only memory read/write operation and single-master single-slave one-to-one only. AGP uses both rising and falling edge of the 66MHz clock, for 2X AGP, the data transfer rate is 66MHz x 4byte x 2 = 528MB/s. AGP is now moving to 4X mode, 66MHz x 4byte x 4 = 1056MB/s. AOpen is the first company to support 4X AGP motherboards by both AX6C (Intel 820) and MX64/AX64 (VIA 694x), started from Oct 1999. 77

Maannuuaall AAM MRR ((AAuuddiioo//M Mooddeem m RRiisseerr)) The CODEC circuit of AC97 sound/modem solution can be put on motherboard or put on a riser card (AMR card) that connects to motherboard through AMR connector. AAO Oppeenn BBoonnuuss PPaacckk CCDD A disc bundled with AOpen motherboard product; there are motherboard drivers, Acrobat Reader for PDF online manual and other useful utilities. AAPPM M ((AAddvvaanncceedd PPoow weerr M Maannaaggeem meenntt)) Unlike ACPI, BIOS controls most APM power management functions. AOpen Suspend to Hard Drive is a good example of APM power management. AATTAA ((AATT AAttttaacchhm meenntt)) ATA is the specification of diskette interface. In 80’s, many software and hardware manufacturers instituted the ATA specification together. The AT is meaning International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) personal computer/AT’s bus structure. AATTAA//6666 ATA/66 uses both rising edge and falling edge but doubles UDMA/33 transfer rate. The data transfer rate is 4 times of the PIO mode 4 or DMA mode 2, 16.6MB/s x4 = 66MB/s. To use ATA/66, you need special ATA/66 IDE cable. 78

Maannuuaall AATTAA//110000 ATA/100 is a new IDE specification under developing. ATA/100 uses both rising edge and falling edge as ATA/66 but clock cycle time is reduced to 40ns. The data transfer rate is (1/40ns) x 2 bytes x 2 = 100MB/s. To use ATA/100, you need special 80-wire IDE cable, the same as ATA/66. BBIIO OSS ((BBaassiicc IInnppuutt//O Ouuttppuutt SSyysstteem m)) BIOS is a set of assembly routine/program that reside in EPROM or Flash ROM. BIOS controls Input/output devices and other hardware devices of motherboard. In general, to provide hardware independent portability, operation system and drivers is required to access BIOS without directly access hardware devices. BBuuss M Maasstteerr IIDDEE ((DDM MAA m mooddee)) The traditional PIO (Programmable I/O) IDE requires the CPU to involve in all the activities of the IDE access including waiting for the mechanical events. To reduce the workload of the CPU, the bus master IDE device transfers data from/to memory without interrupting CPU, and releases CPU to operate concurrently while data is transferring between memory and IDE device. You need the bus master IDE driver and the bus master IDE HDD to support bus master IDE mode. CCNNRR ((CCoom mm muunniiccaattiioonn aanndd NNeettw woorrkkiinngg RRiisseerr)) The CNR specification provides the PC industry the opportunity to deliver a flexible and cost reduced method of implementing LAN, home networking, DSL, USB, wireless, audio and modem subsystems widely used in today's "connected PCs". The CNR specification is an open industry specification and is supported by OEMs, IHV card manufacturers, silicon supplier and Microsoft. 79

Maannuuaall CCO ODDEECC ((CCooddiinngg aanndd DDeeccooddiinngg)) Normally, CODEC means a circuit that can do digital to analog conversion and also the analog to digital conversion. It is part of AC97 sound/modem solution. DDDDRR ((DDoouubbllee DDaattaa RRaatteedd)) SSDDRRAAM M DDR SDRAM utilizes the existing DRAM infrastructure and technology while doubling the nominal bandwidth available to systems in an easy to design and simple to adopt way. Initially a perfect solution for memory intensive server and workstation applications, DDR low cost and low voltage will ultimately make it an ideal solution for all segments of the PC market, high performance desktop and mobile PCs, Value PCs and even Internet Appliances and mobile devices. DDIIM MM M ((DDuuaall IInn LLiinnee M Meem moorryy M Moodduullee)) DIMM socket has total 168-pin and supports 64-bit data. It can be single or double side, the golden finger signals on each side of PCB are different, and that is why it was called Dual In Line. Almost all DIMMs are made by SDRAM, which operate at 3.3V. Note that some old DIMMs are made by FPM/EDO and only operate at 5V. Do not confuse them with SDRAM DIMM. DDM MAA ((DDiirreecctt M Meem moorryy AAcccceessss)) Channel for communications between the memory and surrounding devices. 80

Maannuuaall EECCCC ((EErrrroorr CChheecckkiinngg aanndd CCoorrrreeccttiioonn)) The ECC mode needs 8 ECC bits for 64-bit data. Each time memory is accessed; ECC bits are updated and checked by a special algorithm. The ECC algorithm has the ability to detect double-bit error and automatically correct single-bit error while parity mode can only detect single-bit error. EEDDO O ((EExxtteennddeedd DDaattaa O Ouuttppuutt)) M Meem moorryy The EDO DRAM technology is actually very similar to FPM (Fast Page Mode). Unlike traditional FPM that tri-states the memory output data to start the pre-charge activity, EDO DRAM holds the memory data valid until the next memory access cycle, that is similar to pipeline effect and reduces one clock state. EEEEPPRRO OM M ((EElleeccttrroonniicc EErraassaabbllee PPrrooggrraam mm maabbllee RRO OM M)) Also known as E 2PROM. Both EEPROM and Flash ROM can be re-programmed by electronic signals, but the interface technology is different. Size of EEPROM is much smaller than flash ROM. EEPPRRO OM M ((EErraassaabbllee PPrrooggrraam mm maabbllee RRO OM M)) Traditional motherboard stores BIOS code in EPROM. EPROM can only be erased by ultra-violet (UV) light. If BIOS has to be upgraded, you need to remove EPROM from motherboard, clear by UV light, re-program, and then insert back. 81

Maannuuaall EEVV66 BBuuss EV6 Bus in the technology of Alpha processor from Digital Equipment Corporation. EV6 bus uses both rising and falling clock edge to transfer data, similar as DDR SDRAM or ATA/66 IDE bus. EV6 Bus Speed = CPU external bus clock x 2. For example, 200 MHz EV6 bus is actually using 100 MHz external bus clock, but the equivalent speed is 200 MHz. FFCCCC DDooCC ((DDeeccllaarraattiioonn ooff CCoonnffoorrm miittyy)) The DoC is component certification standard of FCC EMI regulations. This standard allows DIY component (such as motherboard) to apply DoC label separately without a shielding of housing. FFCC--PPG GAA ((FFlliipp CChhiipp--PPiinn G Grriidd AArrrraayy)) FC means Flip Chip, FC-PGA is a new package of Intel for Pentium III CPU. It can plug into SKT370 socket, but require motherboard to add some signals on socket 370. That is, the motherboard needs to be redesigned. Intel is going to ship FC-PGA 370 CPU and phase out slot1 CPU. FFllaasshh RRO OM M Flash ROM can be re-programmed by electronic signals. It is easier for BIOS to upgrade by a flash utility, but it is also easier to be infected by virus. Because of increase of new functions, BIOS size is increased from 64KB to 256KB (2M bit). AOpen AX5T is the first board to implement 256KB (2Mbit) Flash ROM. Now flash ROM size is moving to 4M bit on AX6C (Intel 820) and MX3W (Intel 810) motherboard. , AOpen motherboard uses EEPROM for jumper-less and battery-less design. 82

Maannuuaall FFSSBB ((FFrroonntt SSiiddee BBuuss)) CClloocckk FSB Clock means CPU external bus clock. CPU internal clock = CPU FSB Clock x CPU Clock Ratio II22CC BBuuss See SMBus. IIEEEEEE 11339944 IEEE 1394 is a low-cost digital interface originated by Apple Computer as a desktop LAN and developed by the IEEE 1394 working group. The IEEE 1394 can transport data at 100, 200 or 400 Mbps. One of the solutions to connect digital television devices together at 200 Mbps. Serial Bus Management provides overall configuration control of the serial bus in the form of optimizing arbitration timing, guarantee of adequate electrical power for all devices on the bus, assignment of isochronous channel ID, and notification of errors. There are two type of IEEE 1394 data transfer: asynchronous and isochronous. Asynchronous transport is the traditional computer memory-mapped, load and store interface. Data requests are sent to a specific address and an acknowledgment is returned. In addition to an architecture that scales with silicon technology, IEEE 1394 features a unique isochronous data channel interface. Isochronous data channels provide guaranteed data transport at a pre-determined rate. This is especially important for time-critical multimedia data where just-in-time delivery eliminates the need for costly buffering. 83

Maannuuaall PPaarriittyy BBiitt The parity mode uses 1 parity bit for each byte, normally it is even parity mode, that is, each time the memory data is updated, parity bit will be adjusted to have even count "1" for each byte. When next time, if memory is read with odd number of "1", the parity error is occurred and this is called single bit error detection. PPBBSSRRAAM M ((PPiippeelliinneedd BBuurrsstt SSRRAAM M)) For Socket 7 CPU, one burst data read requires four QWord (Quad-word, 4x16 = 64 bits). PBSRAM only needs one address decoding time and automatically sends the remaining QWords to CPU according to a predefined sequence. Normally, it is 3-1-1-1, total 6 clocks, which is faster than asynchronous SRAM. PBSRAM is often used on L2 (level 2) cache of Socket 7 CPU. Slot 1 and Socket 370 CPU do not need PBSRAM. PPCC--110000 DDIIM MM M SDRAM DIMM that supports 100MHz CPU FSB bus clock. PPCC--113333 DDIIM MM M SDRAM DIMM that supports 133MHz CPU FSB bus clock. PPCC--11660000 oorr PPCC--22110000 DDDDRR DDRRAAM M Based on FSB frequency, the DDR DRAM has 200MHz and 266MHz two type of working frequency. Because of DDR DRAM data bus is 64-bit, it provides data transfer bandwidth up to 200x64/8=1600MB/s, and 266x64/8=2100MB/s. Hence, the PC-1600 DDR DRAM is working with 100MHz and PC-2100 DDR DRAM is working with 133MHz FSB frequency. 84

Maannuuaall PPCCII ((PPeerriipphheerraall CCoom mppoonneenntt IInntteerrffaaccee)) BBuuss Bus for the internal connection of peripheral devices, high-speed data channel between the computer and expansion card. PPDDFF FFoorrm maatt A file format for electronic document, PDF format is independent from platform, you can read PDF file under Windows, Unix, Linux, Mac … with different PDF reader. You can also read PDF file by web browser such as IE and Netscape, note that you need to install PDF plug-in first (Included in Acrobat Reader). PPnnPP ((PPlluugg aanndd PPllaayy)) The PnP specification suggests a standard register interface for both BIOS and operating system (such as Windows 95). These registers are used by BIOS and operating system to configure system resource and prevent any conflicts. PnP BIOS or operating system will automatically allocate the IRQ/DMA/Memory. Currently, almost all the PCI cards and most ISA cards are already PnP compliant. PPO OSSTT ((PPoow weerr--O Onn SSeellff TTeesstt)) The BIOS self-test procedure after power-on, sometimes, it is the first or the second screen shown on your monitor during system boot. 85

Maannuuaall RRDDRRAAM M ((RRaam mbbuuss DDRRAAM M)) Rambus is a memory technology that uses large burst mode data transfer. Theoretically, the data transfer should be high than SDRAM. RDRAM is cascaded in channel operation. For Intel 820, only one RDRAM channel is supported, 16-bit data per channel, and this channel may have maximum 32 RDRAM devices, no matter how many RIMM sockets. RRIIM MM M ((RRaam mbbuuss IInnlliinnee M Meem moorryy M Moodduullee)) 184-pin memory module that supports RDRAM memory technology. A RIMM memory module may contain up to maximum of 16 RDRAM devices. SSDDRRAAM M ((SSyynncchhrroonnoouuss DDRRAAM M)) SDRAM is one of the DRAM technologies that allow DRAM to use the same clock as the CPU host bus (EDO and FPM are asynchronous and do not have clock signal). It is similar as PBSRAM to use burst mode transfer. SDRAM comes in 64-bit 168-pin DIMM and operates at 3.3V. AOpen is the first company to support dual-SDRAM DIMMs onboard (AP5V), from Q1 1996 SShhaaddoow w EE22PPRRO OM M A memory space in Flash-ROM to simulate E 2PROM operation, AOpen motherboard uses Shadow E 2PROM for jumper-less and battery-less design 86

Maannuuaall SSIIM MM M ((SSiinnggllee IInn LLiinnee M Meem moorryy M Moodduullee)) SIMM socket is only 72-pin, and is only single side. The golden finger signals on each side of PCB are identical. That is why it was called Single In Line. SIMM is made by FPM or EDO DRAM and supports 32-bit data. SIMM had been phased out on current motherboard design. SSM MBBuuss ((SSyysstteem m M Maannaaggeem meenntt BBuuss)) SMBus is also called I2C bus. It is a two-wire bus developed for component communication (especially for semiconductor IC). For example, set clock of clock generator for jumper-less motherboard. The data transfer rate of SMBus is only 100Kbit/s, it allows one host to communicate with CPU and many masters and slaves to send/receive message. SSPPDD ((SSeerriiaall PPrreesseennccee DDeetteecctt)) SPD is a small ROM or EEPROM device resided on the DIMM or RIMM. SPD stores memory module information such as DRAM timing and chip parameters. SPD can be used by BIOS to decide best timing for this DIMM or RIMM. 87

Maannuuaall UUllttrraa DDM MAA Ultra DMA (or, more accurately, Ultra DMA/33) is a protocol for transferring data between a hard disk drive through the computer’s data path (or bus) to the computer’s random access memory (RAM). The Ultra DMA/33 protocol transfers data in burst mode at a rate of 33.3MB/s, twice as fast as the previous Direct Access Memory (DMA) interface. Ultra DMA was developed as a proposed industry standard by the Quantum corporation, makes of hard disk drives, and Intel, makes of chipset that support computer bus technology. Ultra DMA support in your computer means that it will boot (start) and open new applications more quickly. It will help users of graphic-intensive and applications that require large amounts of access to data on the hard disk drive. Ultra DMA uses Cyclical Redundancy Checking (CRC), offering a new level of data protection. Ultra DMA uses the same 40-pin IDE interface cable as PIO and DMA. 16.6MB/s x2 = 33MB/s 16.6MB/s x4 = 66MB/s 16.6MB/s x6 = 100MB/s UUSSBB ((UUnniivveerrssaall SSeerriiaall BBuuss)) USB is a 4-pin serial peripheral bus that is capable of cascading low/medium speed peripherals (less than 10Mbit/s) such as keyboard, mouse, joystick, scanner, printer and modem. With USB, the traditional complex cables from back panel of your PC can be eliminated. 88

Maannuuaall VVCCM M ((VViirrttuuaall CChhaannnneell M Meem moorryy)) NEC’s Virtual Channel Memory (VCM) is a new DRAM core architecture that dramatically improves the memory system’s ability to service multimedia requirements. VCM increases memory bus efficiency and performance of any DRAM technology by providing a set of fast static registers between the memory core and I/O pins. Using VCM technology results in reduced data access latency and reduced power consumption. ZZIIPP ffiillee A compressed file format to reduce file size. To unzip file, run shareware PKUNZIP (http://www.pkware.com/) for DOS and other operating system or WINZIP (http://www.winzip.com/) for windows environment. 89

Maannuuaall TTrroouubblleesshhoooottiinngg If you encounter any trouble to boot you system, follow the procedures accordingly to resolve the problem. Turn off the power and unplug the AC power cable, then remove all of the add-on cards and cables, including VGA, IDE, FDD, COM1, COM2 and i t Make sure if all jumper settings are correct. Clear CMOS Start Next 90

Maannuuaall Continue Install the VGA card. Then connect your monitor and keyboard. The problem is probably caused by power supply or motherboard failure. Please contact your reseller or local distributor for repairing. Turn on the power and check if the power supply and CPU fan work properly. Yes No Next 91

Maannuuaall Continue Yes It is very possible that your keyboard is defective. No Check if the system reboots? Yes No Perhaps your VGA card or monitor is defective. Check if there is display? Press and key at the same time, hold them and then press to reboot the system. Next 92

Maannuuaall Continue The problem should be caused by the IDE cable or HDD itself. Check if the system can reboot successfully? No Yes Turn off the system and re-connect IDE cable. Re-install the operating system such as Windows 98. During system rebooting, press to enter BIOS setup. Choose “Load Setup Default”. 93 End

Maannuuaall TTeecchhnniiccaall SSuuppppoorrtt Dear Customer, Thanks for choosing AOpen products. To provide the best and fastest service to our customer is our first priority. However, we receive numerous emails and phone-calls worldwide everyday, it is very hard for us to serve everyone on time. We recommend you follow the procedures below and seek help before contact us. With your help, we can then continue to provide the best quality service to more customers. Thanks very much for your understanding! AOpen Technical Supporting Team Online Manual: Please check the manual carefully and make sure the jumper settings and installation procedure are correct. http://www.aopen.com.tw/tech/download/manual/default.htm 11 Test Report: We recommend choosing board/card/device from the compatibility test reports for assembling your PC. http://www.aopen.com.tw/tech/report/default.htm 22 94 FAQ: The latest FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) may contain a solution to your problem. http://www.aopen.com.tw/tech/faq/default.htm 33 Download Software: Check out this table to get the latest updated BIOS/utility and drivers. http://www.aopen.com.tw/tech/download/default.htm 44

Maannuuaall News Group: Your problem probably had been answered by our support engineer or professional users on the news group. http://www.aopen.com.tw/tech/newsgrp/default.htm 55 Contact Distributors/Resellers: We sell our products through resellers and integrators. They should know your system configuration very well and should be able to solve your problem more efficiently than us. After all, their attitude of service is an important reference for you if next time you want to buy something else from them. 66 Contact Us: Please prepare detail system configuration and error symptom before contacting us. The part number, serial number and BIOS version are also very helpful. 77 PPaarrtt NNuum mbbeerr aanndd SSeerriiaall NNuum mbbeerr The Part Number and Serial number are printed on bar code label. You can find this bar code label on the outside packing, on ISA/CPU slot or on component side of PCB. For example: Serial No. Part No. P/N: 91.88110.201 is part number, S/N: 91949378KN73 is serial number. 95

Maannuuaall M Mooddeell nnaam mee aanndd BBIIOOSS vveerrssiioonn Model name and BIOS version can be found on upper left corner of first boot screen (POST screen). For example: AX4T II R1.00 Oct. 15. 2000 AOpen Inc. Award Plug and Play BIOS Extension v1.0A Copyright © 1998, Award Software, Inc. AX4T II is model name of motherboard, R1.00 is BIOS version. 96

Maannuuaall PPrroodduucctt RReeggiissttrraattiioonn Thank you for choosing AOpen product. AOpen encourages you to spend few minutes in completing the following product registration. To register your product will ensure the high quality of services from AOpen. After the registration, you will: • Have opportunities to play online slot machine and win a prize from AOpen by accumulating your bonuses for later prize exchange. • Be upgraded to gold membership of Club AOpen program. • Receive email notification about product safety alerts. Its purpose is to alert consumers quickly and conveniently when products contain technical issues. • Receive email notification about latest product's announcements. • Be able to personalize your AOpen web pages. • Receive e-mail notification about latest BIOS/Driver/Software release information. • Have opportunities to participate special product promotional programs. • Enjoy higher service priority to receive technical assistance provided by AOpen specialists worldwide. • Be able to join the discussions of web-based news groups. AOpen makes sure that the information you provide is encrypted, so that it cannot be read or intercepted by other people or companies. Further, AOpen will not disclose any of information you submitted under any conditions. Please consult our online privacy policy for further information on our company policy. 97 Note: If registering products purchased from different dealers/retails and/or purchased on different dates, please submit a separate form for each product.

Maannuuaall HHooww ttoo CCoonnttaacctt UUss Please do not hesitate contact us if you have any problem about our products. Any opinion will be appreciated. 98 Pacific Rim AOpen Inc. Tel: 886-2-2696-1333 Fax: 886-2-8691-2233 China 艾尔鹏国际上海(股)有限公司 Tel: 49-2102-157700 Fax: 49-2102-157799 Germany AOpen Computer GmbH. Tel: 49-2102-157700 Fax: 49-2102-157799 Europe AOpen Computer b.v. Tel: 31-73-645-9516 Fax: 31-73-645-9604 America AOpen America Inc. Tel: 1-510-498-8928 Fax: 1-408-922-2935, 1-408-432-0496 Web Site: http://www.aopen.com.tw E-mail: Send us email by going through the contact form below. English http://www.aopen.com.tw/tech/contact/techusa.htm Japanese http://aojp.aopen.com.tw/tech/contact/techjp.htm Chinese http://w3.aopen.com.tw/tech/contact/techtw.htm German http://www.aopencom.de/tech/contact/techde.htm French http://aofr.aopen.com.tw/tech/contact/techfr.htm Simplified Chinese http://www.aopen.com.cn/tech/contact/techcn.htm