Keysight U1452A Operation & User’s Manual

User’s Guide Distributed by: dataTec ▪ Ferdinand-Lassalle-Str. 52 ▪ 72770 Reutlingen ▪ Tel. 07121 / 51 50 50 ▪ Fax 07121 / 51 50 10 ▪ [email protected] ▪ www.datatec.de all-guides.co m

Notices © Keysight Technologies 2014 No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means (including elec- tronic storage and retrieval or translation into a foreign language) without prior agree- ment and written consent from Keysight Technologies as governed by United States and international copyright laws. Manual Part Number U1451-90003 Edition Edition 3, December 5, 2014 Keysight Technologies 1400 Fountaingrove Parkway Santa Rosa, CA 95403 Warranty The material contained in this docu- ment is provided “as is,” and is sub- ject to being changed, without notice, in future editions. Further, to the max- imum extent permitted by applicable law, Keysight disclaims all warran- ties, either express or implied, with regard to this manual and any infor- mation contained herein, including but not limited to the implied warran- ties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Keysight shall not be liable for errors or for inciden- tal or consequential damages in con- nection with the furnishing, use, or performance of this document or of any information contained herein. Should Keysight and the user have a separate written agreement with warranty terms covering the material in this document that conflict with these terms, the warranty terms in the separate agreement shall control. Technology Licenses The hardware and or software described in this document are furnished under a license and may be used or copied only in accor- dance with the terms of such license. Restricted Rights Legend U.S. Government Restricted Rights. Soft- ware and technical data rights granted to the federal government include only those rights customarily provided to end user cus- tomers. Keysight provides this customary commercial license in Software and techni- cal data pursuant to FAR 12.211 (Technical Data) and 12.212 (Computer Software) and, for the Department of Defense, DFARS 252.227-7015 (Technical Data - Commercial Items) and DFARS 227.7202-3 (Rights in Commercial Computer Software or Com- puter Software Documentation). Safety Notices CAUTION A CAUTION notice denotes a haz- ard. It calls attention to an operat- ing procedure, practice, or the like that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to the product or loss of important data. Do not proceed beyond a CAUTION notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met. WARNING A WARNING notice denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or the like that, if not correctly per- formed or adhered to, could result in personal injury or death. Do not proceed beyond a WARNING notice until the indicated condi- tions are fully understood and met.

III Safety Symbols The following symbols on the instrument and in the documentation indicate precautions which must be taken to maintain safe operation of the instrument. Direct current (DC) Caution, risk of electric shock Alternating current (AC) Caution, risk of danger (refer to this manual for specific Warning or Caution information) Both direct and alternating current Category III 1000 V overvoltage protection Earth (ground) terminal Category IV 600 V overvoltage protection Equipment protected throughout by double insulation or reinforced insulation Do not use in distribution systems with voltages higher than 600 V CAT III 1000 V CAT IV 600 V

Safety Considerations Read the information below before using this tester. Model U1452A appears in all illustrations. WARNING • Do not use the tester if it is damaged. Before you use the tester, inspect the case. Look for cracks or missing plastic. Pay particular attention to the insulation surrounding the connectors. • Inspect the test leads for damaged insulation or exposed metal. Check the test leads for continuity. Replace damaged test leads before you use the tester. • Do not operate the tester around explosive gas, vapor, or wet environments. • Do not apply more than the rated voltage (as marked on the tester) between terminals, or between terminal and earth ground. • Before use, verify the tester's operation by measuring a known voltage. • When servicing the tester, use only the specified replacement parts. • Use caution when working above 60 VDC, 30 VAC RMS, or 42.4 V peak. Such voltages pose a shock hazard. • When using the probes, keep your fingers behind the finger guards on the probes. • Connect the common test lead before you connect the live test lead. When you disconnect the leads, disconnect the live test lead first. • Remove the test leads from the tester before you open the battery cover. • Do not operate the tester with the battery cover or portions of the cover removed or loosened. • To avoid false readings, which may lead to possible electric shock or personal injury, replace the battery as soon as the low battery indicator appears and flashes. • Ensure that you do not perform insulation resistance tests in distribution systems with voltages higher than 600 V. • For insulation resistance tests, ensure that you select a suitable test voltage for the equipment to be tested. all-guides.co m

V CAUTION • Disconnect circuit power and discharge all high-voltage capacitors before testing resistance, continuity, or capacitance. • Use the proper terminals, function, and range for your measurements. • This device is for use at altitudes of up to 2,000 m. • Always use the specified battery type. The power for the tester is supplied with four 1.5 V AA batteries. Observe the correct polarity markings before you insert the batteries to ensure proper insertion of the batteries in the tester. • You are advised to use low leakage batteries when changing to new batteries. Please remember to remove the batteries when the tester is not in use for a long period of time. Warning on the risk of battery leakage.

Environmental Conditions This instrument is designed for indoor use and in an area with low condensation. The table below shows the general environmental requirements for this instrument. Environmental condition Requirement Temperature • Operating condition • –20 °C to 55 °C, 0% to 80% RH (using Alkaline batteries), 20 minutes operating time • Storage condition • –40 °C to 70 °C, 0% to 80% RH (without batteries) Humidity Full accuracy up to 80% RH for temperatures up to 30 °C, decreasing linearly to 50% RH at 55 °C Altitude Up to 2,000 meters Pollution degree Pollution degree II NOTE The U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A Insulation Tester complies with the following safety and EMC requirements: • Safety compliance • Designed in compliance to IEC/EN 61010-1:2010 for Category III 1000 V and Category IV 600 V • Designed in compliance to IEC/EN 61557-1, IEC/EN 61557-2, and IEC/EN 61557-4 • EMC compliance • Commercial limits compliance with IEC 61326-1:2005/EN 61326-1:2006

VII Regulatory Markings The CE mark is a registered trademark of the European Community. This CE mark shows that the product complies with all the relevant European Legal Directives. The C-tick mark is a registered trademark of the Spectrum Management Agency of Australia. This signifies compliance with the Australia EMC Framework regulations under the terms of the Radio Communication Act of 1992. ICES/NMB-001 indicates that this ISM device complies with the Canadian ICES-001. Cet appareil ISM est confomre a la norme NMB-001 du Canada. This instrument complies with the WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC) marking requirement. This affixed product label indicates that you must not discard this electrical or electronic product in domestic household waste. The CSA mark is a registered trademark of the Canadian Standards Association. This symbol indicates the time period during which no hazardous or toxic substance elements are expected to leak or deteriorate during normal use. Forty years is the expected useful life of the product.

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive 2002/96/EC This instrument complies with the WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC) marking requirement. This affixed product label indicates that you must not discard this electrical or electronic product in domestic household waste. Product Category: With reference to the equipment types in the WEEE directive Annex 1, this instrument is classified as a “Monitoring and Control Instrument” product. The affixed product label is as shown below. Do not dispose in domestic household waste. To return this unwanted instrument, contact your nearest Keysight Service Center, or visit www.keysight.com/environment/product for more information.

IX Declaration of Conformity (DoC) The Declaration of Conformity (DoC) for this instrument is available on the Keysight website. You can search the DoC by its product model or description at: http://regulations.products.keysight.com/DoC/search.htm NOTE If you are unable to search for the respective DoC, please contact your local Keysight representative. all-guides.co m

XI Table of Contents 1 Introduction About This Manual 2 Documentation map 2 Safety notes 2 Preparing Your Tester 3 Check the shipment 3 Install or change the batteries 3 Turn on your tester 6 Select the range 6 Adjust the tilt stand 7 Connect to the Handheld Meter Logger Software 8 Connect the Bluetooth adapter 9 Your Tester in Brief 10 Dimensions 10 Overview 12 Rotary switch 14 Keypad 16 Display screen 20 Input terminals 24 Cleaning Your Tester 25 Additional Features 26 Automatic power-off 26 Hazardous voltage indication 26 Power-on options 26 2 Making Measurements Insulation Resistance Test 30 Using the Remote Switch Probe 32

Locking the test 33 Timed insulation resistance/earth-bond resistance test 34 Measuring the Dielectric Absorption Ratio (DAR) 35 Measuring the Polarization Index (PI) 36 Viewing the leakage current 37 Earth-Bond Resistance Test 38 Measuring AC or DC Voltage 41 Auto AC or DC signal identification 43 Measuring Frequency 44 Measuring Resistance 46 Continuity Test 48 Measuring Capacitance 50 3 Tester Features Making Relative Measurements (Null) 54 Freezing the Display (TrigHold and AutoHold) 55 Performing Limit Comparisons (Limit) 57 Recording Measurement Data (Log) 59 Performing manual logs (HAND) 60 Performing interval logs (AUTO) 60 Performing event logs (TRIG) 61 Reviewing Previously Recorded Data (View) 63 4 Setup Options Using the Setup Menu 66 Editing numerical values 67 Setup Menu Summary 68 Setup Menu Items 71

XIII Changing the variation count 71 Enabling smooth mode 71 Changing the beep frequency 72 Changing the auto power-off (APO) timer 73 Changing the LCD backlight timeout 73 Changing the continuity alert 74 Disabling the power-on melody 75 Changing the battery type 75 Resetting the tester’s Setup options 76 Changing the display count 76 Changing the cable length unit 77 Changing the cable length scale 78 Changing the alert indicators 78 Changing the sample interval duration 79 Changing the recording option 80 Changing the IR and EBR test period 80 Changing the maximum inhibit voltage for IR tests 81 Disabling the lock once feature 82 Changing the button operation on the remote switch probe 82 Changing the Dielectric Absorption Ratio (DAR) for IR tests 83 5 Characteristics and Specifications Product Characteristics 86 Specification Considerations 88 Measurement Category 88 Electrical Specifications 89 DC specifications 89 AC specifications 91 Capacitance specifications 92 Frequency specifications 93 Sensitivity for voltage measurements 94

Insulation resistance specifications 95 Earth-bond resistance specifications 97 EN61557 specifications 97 Display update rate (approximate) 99 all-guides.co m

XV List of Figures Figure 1-1 Keysight Handheld Meter Logger Software 8 Figure 1-2 Bluetooth adapter connection 9 Figure 1-3 Width dimension 10 Figure 1-4 Height and depth dimensions 11 Figure 1-5 Display screen allocation example 20 Figure 1-6 Connecting the remote switch probe 24 Figure 2-1 Insulation resistance test example 31 Figure 2-2 T/Time operation 34 Figure 2-3 DAR operation 35 Figure 2-4 PI operation 36 Figure 2-5 Earth-bond resistance test example 39 Figure 2-6 AC or DC voltage measurement example 42 Figure 2-7 Definition of frequency 45 Figure 2-8 Resistance measurement example 47 Figure 2-9 Continuity test example 49 Figure 2-10 Capacitance measurement example 51

XVII List of Tables Table 1-1 Front panel part descriptions 12 Table 1-2 Rear panel parts 13 Table 1-3 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A rotary switch functions 14 Table 1-4 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A keypad functions 16 Table 1-5 General annunciators 20 Table 1-6 Measurement units display 22 Table 1-7 Analog bar graph display 23 Table 1-8 Terminal connections for different measuring functions 24 Table 1-9 Power-on options 26 Table 2-1 Rotary switch position for insulation resistance tests 30 Table 2-2 Earth-bond resistance test position 38 Table 2-3 AC and DC voltage measurement positions 41 Table 2-4 Resistance measurement position 46 Table 2-5 Continuity test position 48 Table 2-6 Capacitance measurement position 50 Table 3-1 Limit settling default values 57 Table 3-2 Log maximum capacity 59 Table 3-3 Event log trigger conditions 61 Table 4-1 Setup menu key functions 66 Table 4-2 Setup menu item descriptions 68 Table 5-1 DC voltage specifications with accuracy of ± (% of reading + no. of least significant digit) 89 Table 5-2 Resistance specifications with accuracy of ± (% of reading + no. of least significant digit) 90 Table 5-3 AC voltage specifications with accuracy of ± (% of reading + no. of least significant digit) 91 Table 5-4 Capacitance specifications with accuracy of ± (% of reading + no. of least significant digit)[1][2][3] 92 Table 5-5 Frequency specifications with accuracy of ± (% of reading + no. of least significant digit)[1][2] 93 Table 5-6 Sensitivity for voltage measurements 94 Table 5-7 Insulation resistance specifications with accuracy of ± (% of reading + no. of least significant digit) 95

Table 5-8 Earth-bond resistance specifications with accuracy of ± (% of reading + no. of least significant digit)[1][2] 97 Table 5-9 Display update rate (approximate) 99

User’s Guide 1 Introduction About This Manual 2 Documentation map 2 Safety notes 2 Preparing Your Tester 3 Check the shipment 3 Install or change the batteries 3 Turn on your tester 6 Select the range 6 Adjust the tilt stand 7 Connect to the Handheld Meter Logger Software 8 Connect the Bluetooth adapter 9 Your Tester in Brief 10 Dimensions 10 Overview 12 Rotary switch 14 Keypad 16 Display screen 20 Input terminals 24 Cleaning Your Tester 25 Additional Features 26 Automatic power-off 26 Hazardous voltage indication 26 Power-on options 26 This chapter teaches you how to set up your tester for the first time. An introduction to all the features of the tester is also given. all-guides.co m

2 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide About This Manual Documentation map The following manuals and software related to the U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A Insulation Tester are available for download. Please visit our website at http://www.keysight.com/find/hhTechLib for the latest version. Check the manual edition on the first page of each manual. User’s Guide. This manual. Quick Start Guide. Printed copy for outdoor use, included with shipment. Service Guide. Downloadable from http://www.keysight.com/find/hhTechLib Keysight Handheld Meter Logger Software, Help, and Quick Start Guide. Downloadable from http://www.keysight.com/hhmeterlogger Safety notes The following safety notes are used throughout this manual. More pertinent safety notes for using this product are located under the “Safety Symbols” section. CAUTION Caution denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to or destruction of the product. Do not proceed beyond a caution notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met. WARNING Warning denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in injury or loss of life. Do not proceed beyond a warning note until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 3 Preparing Your Tester Check the shipment When you receive your tester, check the shipment according to the following procedure. 1 Inspect the shipping container for damage. Signs of damage may include a dented or torn shipping container or cushioning material that indicates signs of unusual stress or compacting. Save the packaging material in case the tester needs to be returned. 2 Carefully remove the contents from the shipping container, and verify that the standard accessories and your ordered options are included in the shipment according to the standard shipped items list found in the printed copy of the U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A Quick Start Guide. 3 For any question or problems, refer to the Keysight contact numbers on the back of this manual. Install or change the batteries Your tester is powered by four 1.5 V AA alkaline batteries (included in the shipment). When you receive your tester, the batteries are not installed. Use the following procedure to install or change the batteries. CAUTION Before you proceed with the batteries installation, remove all cable connections to the terminals and ensure that the rotary switch is at the position. Use only the battery type specified in the “Product Characteristics” on page 86.

4 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 1 Remove the orange rubber holster. Pull from a top corner and stretch the orange rubber holster off the tester. 2 Loosen and remove the two screws with a suitable Phillips screwdriver as shown on the right. 3 Lift up and remove the battery cover as shown on the left. 4 Lift the inner rubber cover to access the battery compartment. 5 Observe the proper batteries polarity. The terminal ends of each battery are indicated inside the battery compartment. Insert four 1.5 V AA batteries. 6 Ensure that the inner rubber cover is positioned properly. 7 Replace the battery cover back in its original position and tighten the screws. 8 Finally fit the orange rubber holster back on the tester.

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 5 The battery level indicator in the upper left- hand corner of the display indicates the relative condition of the batteries. Replace the batteries as soon as possible when the low battery indicator ( ) is shown. Battery level indicator WARNING To avoid false readings, which could lead to possible electric shock or personal injury, replace the battery as soon as the low battery indicator appears. Do not discharge the battery by shorting the battery or reverse the battery polarity in any of the subjects. CAUTION To avoid instruments being damage from battery leakage: • Always remove dead batteries immediately. • Always remove the batteries and store them separately if the tester is not going to be used for a long period.

6 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Turn on your tester To power ON your tester, turn the rotary switch from the position to any other position. Select the range The tester’s selected range is always displayed on the right- hand end of the bar graph. Selected range Autoranging indicator all-guides.co m

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 7 Pressing changes the tester range (and disables auto- ranging). Each additional press of (in manual ranging) sets the tester to the next higher range, unless it is already in the highest range, at which point the range switches to the lowest range. Press and hold to switch the tester to auto- ranging. Auto- ranging is convenient because the tester automatically selects an appropriate range for sensing and displaying each measurement. Adjust the tilt stand To adjust the tester to a 60° standing position, pull the tilt- stand outward to its maximum reach. NOTE • Changing the tester range (and disabling auto-ranging) is not allowed for earth-bond resistance tests and insulation resistance tests. • In auto-range, the tester selects the lowest range to display the highest available precision (resolution) for the input signal. • If a reading is greater than maximum available range, OL (overload) is shown on the display — except for earth-bond resistance tests and insulation resistance tests where to indicate maximum reading, > is shown on the display instead. To PC (host) IR-USB cable Pull until maximum reach

8 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Connect to the Handheld Meter Logger Software You can use the IR communication link (IR communication port, located at the rear panel) and the Keysight Handheld Meter Logger Software to control your tester remotely, perform data logging operations, and transfer the contents of your tester’s memory to a PC. Ensure that the Keysight logo on the U1173A IR- USB cable connected to the tester is facing up. Firmly push the IR head into the tester’s IR communication port until it snaps into place. Refer to the Keysight Handheld Meter Logger Software Help and Quick Start Guide for more information on the IR communication link and the Keysight Handheld Meter Logger Software. The Keysight Handheld Meter Logger Software and its supporting documents (Quick Start Guide and Help) are available for download from http://www.keysight.com/hhmeterlogger. Figure 1-1 Keysight Handheld Meter Logger Software

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 9 Connect the Bluetooth adapter The U1117A Infrared (IR)- to- Bluetooth® adapter allows you to connect the tester wirelessly to any Windows PC, Android device, or iOS device. The U1117A is compatible with the following application or software: • Keysight Handheld Meter Logger (for Windows PC) • Keysight Mobile Meter (for Android or iOS devices) • Keysight Mobile Logger (for Android or iOS devices) Snap the optic side of the U1117A to the tester’s IR communication port (see Figure 1- 2). Refer to the Keysight U1117A IR- to- Bluetooth Adapter Operating Instructions (download from http://www.keysight.com/find/U1117A) for more information on how to set up the U1117A to a Windows PC, Android device, or iOS device. Figure 1-2 Bluetooth adapter connection Bluetooth adapter

10 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Your Tester in Brief Dimensions Front view Figure 1-3 Width dimension 100 mm

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 11 Rear and side view Figure 1-4 Height and depth dimensions 218 mm 58 mm all-guides.co m

12 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Overview Front panel The front panel parts of your tester are described in this section. Table 1-1 Front panel part descriptions Legend Description Learn more on: 1 Red LED indicator page 54 2 Display screen page 20 3 Keypad page 16 4 Rotary switch page 14 5 Input terminals page 24 2 1 3 4 5

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 13 Rear panel The rear panel parts of your tester are described in this section. Table 1-2 Rear panel parts Legend Description Learn more on: 1 IR communication port page 8 2 Test lead/probe holders - 3 Battery access (under the orange rubber holster) page 3 4 Tilt stand page 7 5 Fuse access (under the orange rubber holster) - 1 2 3 4 5

14 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Rotary switch The measurement functions for each rotary switch position are described in Table 1- 3. Turning the rotary switch changes the measurement function and resets all other measurement options. WARNING Remove the test leads from the measuring source or target before changing the rotary switch position. NOTE Press to select the alternate measurement function(s) or test methods for insulation resistance tests. See page 16 for more information on the key. U1452A U1452AT U1451A Table 1-3 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A rotary switch functions Legend Measurement function U1452A U1452AT U1451A Learn more on: 50 V Insulation resistance test ✔ ✔ - page 38 T - Timed test ✔ ✔ - DAR - Dielectric Absorption Ratio test ✔ ✔ - PI - Polarization Index Test ✔ ✔ -

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 15 100 V Insulation resistance test ✔ ✔ - page 38 T - Timed test ✔ ✔ - DAR - Dielectric Absorption Ratio test ✔ ✔ - PI - Polarization Index Test ✔ ✔ - 250 V Insulation resistance test ✔ - ✔ page 38 T - Timed test ✔ - ✔ DAR - Dielectric Absorption Ratio test ✔ - - PI - Polarization Index Test ✔ - - 500 V Insulation resistance test ✔ - ✔ page 38 T - Timed test ✔ - ✔ DAR - Dielectric Absorption Ratio test ✔ - - PI - Polarization Index Test ✔ - - 1000 V Insulation resistance test ✔ - ✔ page 38 T - Timed test ✔ - ✔ DAR - Dielectric Absorption Ratio test ✔ - - PI - Polarization Index Test ✔ - - Earth-bond resistance test ✔ ✔ ✔ page 38 T - Timed test ✔ ✔ ✔ Resistance measurement ✔ ✔ ✔ page 46 Continuity test ✔ ✔ ✔ page 48 Capacitance measurement ✔ ✔ ✔ page 50 Auto voltage measurement ✔ ✔ ✔ page 30 DC voltage measurement ✔ ✔ ✔ AC voltage measurement ✔ ✔ ✔ Table 1-3 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A rotary switch functions (continued) Legend Measurement function U1452A U1452AT U1451A Learn more on:

16 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Keypad The operation of each key is explained in Table 1- 4 below. Pressing a key enables a function, displays a related symbol, and emits a beep. Turning the rotary switch to another position resets the current operation of the key. U1452A/U1452AT U1451A Table 1-4 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A keypad functions Legend Function when pressed for: Less than 1 second More than 1 second Insulation Resistance (IR) Test: Initiates an IR test (when the rotary switch is in one of the Ω Mega positions) as long as is held — the tester sources (outputs) a high voltage and measures insulation resistance and is shown on the display. Earth-Bond Resistance (EBR) Test: Initiates an EBR test (when the rotary switch is in the Ω EB position) as long as is held — the tester measures earth-bond resistance and is shown on the display. Trig Hold: Freezes the present reading in the display (except when the rotary switch is in one of the Ω Mega positions or in the Ω EB position). • In TrigHold mode, press to manually trigger the holding of the next measured value. • Press and hold again to exit this mode. Auto Hold: Automatically freezes the present reading once the reading is stable (except when the rotary switch is in one of the Ω Mega positions or in the Ω EB position). • In AutoHold mode, the reading is updated automatically once the reading is stable and the count setting is exceeded. • Press and hold again to exit this mode. all-guides.co m

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 17 Lock: Press to lock the insulation test or earth-bond resistance test (when the rotary switch is in the appropriate position). Press > to initiate an IR or EBR test. The test will remain active until you press or again to release the lock. View: Press and hold to enter the Log Review menu. • Press to cycle through the previously recorded manual (VIEW H), interval (VIEW A), or event (VIEW E) logging data. • Press or to view first or last logged data respectively. • Press or to scroll through the logged data. • Press to delete the last logged data. • Press and hold to clear all the logged data for the selected logging mode. • Press and hold again to exit this mode. Hz: Press to display the frequency for voltage or current measurements. Press again to disable the frequency display. Esc: Press in the Setup menu to discard your changes. Press to switch or cycle between the default and alternate measurement function(s). Log: The recording option (HAND, AUTO, or TRIG) must first be selected in the Setup menu (see page 80). • HAND (manual data logging) — Press and hold to log the present reading into the memory. The display will return to normal after a short while (≈ 1 second). To manually log another reading, press and hold again. • AUTO (automatic data logging) — Press and hold to enable the automatic data logging mode, where data is logged at the interval defined in the Setup menu (see page 79). Press and hold again to exit this mode. • TRIG (event data logging) — Press and hold to enable the event data logging mode, where data is logged each time a triggering condition is satisfied (see page 62). Press and hold again to exit this mode. T: Configures the tester for a timed test (when the rotary switch is in one of the Ω Mega positions or the Ω EB position). The test will start when you press . DAR: Configures the tester for a dielectric absorption ratio test (when the rotary switch is in one of the Ω Mega positions). The test will start when you press . PI: Configures the tester for a polarization index test (when the rotary switch is in one of the Ω Mega positions). The test will start when you press . Table 1-4 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A keypad functions (continued) Legend Function when pressed for: Less than 1 second More than 1 second U1452A/U1452AT U1451A U1452A/U1452AT U1451A

18 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Limit: Press to enable the comparison for limit mode. • Press again to set the comparison value. Use the arrow keys to change the value shown and press to save your changes. • Press and hold to exit this mode. Smooth: Press and hold to smoothen the refresh rate of the readings. Press and hold again to exit this mode. Range: Press to set a manual range and disable auto-ranging. Press again to cycle through each available measurement range. Auto: Press and hold to enable auto-ranging. Leak: Press to display the leakage current. Null: Press to enable the relative function. • The displayed value is saved as a reference to be subtracted from subsequent measurements. • Press again to view the stored reference value that has been saved. The display will return to normal after a brief period of time (approx. 3 seconds). • Pressing while the stored reference value is being displayed will cancel the relative function. - Table 1-4 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A keypad functions (continued) Legend Function when pressed for: Less than 1 second More than 1 second U1452A/U1452AT U1451A

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 19 : Press to enable or disable the LCD backlight. Setup: Press and hold to enter the Setup menu. • In the Setup menu, press or to navigate through the menu pages. Press or at each menu page to move the cursor to a specific menu item. • Press to change the value of the selected menu item. Use the arrow keys to change the value shown. • Press again to save your changes, or press to discard your changes. • Press and hold again to exit the Setup menu. Table 1-4 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A keypad functions (continued) Legend Function when pressed for: Less than 1 second More than 1 second

20 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Display screen The display annunciators of your tester are described in this section. See also “Measurement units” on page 22 for a list of available measurement signs and notations and “Analog bar graph” on page 23 for a tutorial on the analog bar graph located at the bottom of your display screen. Display annunciators The display annunciators of your tester are described in the Table 1- 5. Figure 1-5 Display screen allocation example Table 1-5 General annunciators Legend Description Remote control enabled Battery capacity indication Analog bar graph Test indication for insulation resistance and earth-bond resistance tests Hazardous voltage sign for measuring voltage ≥30 V or OL (overload)

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 21 Auto hold/Trigger hold enabled Polarization Index test enabled Dielectric Absorption Ratio test enabled Timed test enabled Relative (Null) enabled Smooth mode enabled Auto-ranging enabled or Auto signal indicator enabled Greater than range (for insulation resistance and earth-bond resistance tests) Test and Test Lock indication for insulation resistance and earth-bond resistance tests Primary display AC or DC indication Measuring units for primary display Test time indication for earth-bond resistance and insulation resistance tests APO (Auto Power-Off) enabled Limit comparison enabled Data logging in progress Table 1-5 General annunciators (continued) Legend Description all-guides.co m

22 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Measurement units The available signs and notations for each measurement function in your tester are described in Table 1- 6. The units listed below are applicable to the primary display and secondary display measurements of your tester. View mode for reviewing previously logged data Audible continuity test selected Secondary display Measuring units and AC+DC indication for secondary display Tertiary display Measuring units for tertiary display Table 1-6 Measurement units display Sign/Notation Description G Giga 1E+09 (1000000000) M Mega 1E+06 (1000000) k kilo 1E+03 (1000) n nano 1E–09 (0.000000001) μ micro 1E–06 (0.000001) m milli 1E–03 (0.001) mV, V Voltage, units for voltage measurement nF, μF, mF Farad, units for capacitance measurement Table 1-5 General annunciators (continued) Legend Description

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 23 Analog bar graph The analog bar emulates the needle on an analog tester, without displaying the overshoot. The “–” sign indicates that the measured or calculated value is negative. Each segment is presented as a ratio to the range value indicated on the peak bar- graph. The unit and range will be indicated according to various measurements (see Table 1- 7). Ω, kΩ, MΩ, GΩ, Ohm, units for resistance measurement kHz, Hz Hertz, units for frequency measurement m Meter, unit for length ft Feet, unit for length Table 1-6 Measurement units display (continued) Sign/Notation Description NOTE For frequency measurements, the bar graph does not represent the primary display value. For example, when frequency is displayed on the primary display during voltage measurement, the bar graph represents the voltage value (not the frequency value). Table 1-7 Analog bar graph display Function Bar graph V Ω , Ω EB , Ω Mega

24 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Input terminals The terminal connections for the different measurement functions of your tester are described in the table below. WARNING To avoid damaging this device, do not exceed the input limit. Table 1-8 Terminal connections for different measuring functions Rotary switch position Input terminals Overload protection 1000 Vrms 1000 Vrms for short circuit <0.3 A 440 mA/1000 V, 30 kA fast-acting fuse Figure 1-6 Connecting the remote switch probe The remote switch probe is used for insulation resistance (IR) and earth-bond resistance (EBR) tests. Remote switch probe terminal for IR and EBR tests

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 25 Cleaning Your Tester Dirt or moisture in the terminals can distort readings. Follow the steps below to clean your tester. 1 Turn the tester off, and remove the test leads. 2 Turn the tester over, and shake out any dirt that may have accumulated in the terminals. Wipe the case with a damp cloth and mild detergent — do not use abrasives or solvents. Wipe the contacts in each terminal with a clean swab dipped in alcohol. WARNING To avoid electrical shock or damage to the tester, ensure that the insides of the casing stay dry at all times.

Additional Features Automatic power-off Your tester automatically turns off if the rotary switch is not moved or a key is not pressed for 10 minutes (default). Pressing any key will turn the tester back on after it is powered off automatically. To change the timer period or completely disable the automatic power- off, refer to “Changing the auto power- off (APO) timer” on page 73. Hazardous voltage indication The tester will display the hazardous voltage ( ) symbol as an early precaution when the measured voltage is equal to or greater than ±DC 30 V or AC 30 V, or when the measured voltage is over the measurement range, OL (overload). Power-on options Some options can be selected only while you turn the tester on. These power- on options are listed in the table below. To select a power- on option, press and hold the specified key while turning the rotary switch from the position to any other position. Power- on options remain selected until the tester is turned off. Table 1-9 Power-on options Key Description Simulates the Auto Power-Off (APO) mode. Press any key to turn the tester back on and resume normal operation. Checks firmware version. The tester’s firmware version will be shown on the primary display. Press any key to exit this mode. all-guides.co m

27 Toggles the red LED indicator alert for insulation resistance tests. If enabled, the red LED indicator will blink every two seconds during an insulation resistance test. The red LED indicator alert is disabled when the Limit feature (see page 57) is enabled. ‘ Change the resolution count to high. To permanently enable change the resolution count. See “Changing the display count” on page 76. Tests the LCD. All LCD annunciators are lighted. Press any key to exit this mode. Table 1-9 Power-on options (continued) Key Description U1452A/U1452AT U1451A

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User’s Guide 2 Making Measurements Insulation Resistance Test 30 Using the Remote Switch Probe 32 Locking the test 33 Timed insulation resistance/earth-bond resistance test 34 Measuring the Dielectric Absorption Ratio (DAR) 35 Measuring the Polarization Index (PI) 36 Viewing the leakage current 37 Earth-Bond Resistance Test 38 Measuring AC or DC Voltage 41 Auto AC or DC signal identification 43 Measuring Frequency 44 Measuring Resistance 46 Continuity Test 48 Measuring Capacitance 50 The following sections describe how to take measurements with your tester.

30 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Insulation Resistance Test Set up your tester as shown in Figure 2- 1. Set the rotary switch to a test voltage value that does not exceed the maximum voltage limitation of the circuit under test. Ensure that the device- under- test (DUT) is de- energized before performing any resistance measurement. Table 2-1 Rotary switch position for insulation resistance tests Legend Default function Function when is pressed Rotary switch position Primary display Secondary display Primary display Secondary display 50 V insulation resistance test AC+DC V or DC V (during test) 1 Timed (T) test 2 Dielectric Absorption Ratio (DAR) test 3 Polarization Index (PI) test AC+DC V or DC V (during test) 100 V insulation resistance test 250 V insulation resistance test 500 V insulation resistance test 1000 V insulation resistance test CAUTION • DO NOT perform insulation resistance test in distribution systems with voltages higher than 600 V. • The tester automatically detects if the circuit is energized. If the external voltage is detected to be greater than 30 V (or 50 V or 75 V; depending on selected option in Setup), the test is inhibited. The symbol is shown on the display when either the external voltage or the test voltage is greater than 30 V. Disconnect the tester and remove the power of the circuit before proceeding.

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 31 Figure 2-1 Insulation resistance test example 3 2 1 4 Remote Switch Probe Hold Test will continue until is released. all-guides.co m

32 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Using the Remote Switch Probe The Remote Switch Probe (included in shipment) is used with insulation resistance tests and earth- bond resistance tests, enabling the tester to be controlled remotely from the button on the Remote Switch Probe. By default the button on the Remote Switch Probe emulates the button on the tester. To change the default button operation, see “Changing the button operation on the remote switch probe” on page 82 CAUTION The insulation meter will auto-discharge the DUT when the test complete. However, the DUT will not be auto-discharged when you disconnect the probe before the test is complete. Avoid touching the DUT when the DUT is not fully discharged as it may lead to possible electric shock. NOTE When an insulation test is in progress, the red LED indicator at the top of the tester will blink every 2 seconds (if the Limit function is not enabled). To disable this feature see “Power-on options” on page 26. =

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 33 Locking the test You can lock the insulation resistance tests or earth- bond resistance tests temporarily. Press to enable the lock once feature. The symbol will be shown on the display. The test will start when you press , and it remain active until or is pressed again. By default, the tester will reset the locked status when the test is stopped by pressing or . See “Changing the Dielectric Absorption Ratio (DAR) for IR tests” on page 83 to disable this feature. If you disable this feature, you will need to press to unlock the tester, even if the test has already stopped. 2 1 Press once Press or again to unlock and stop the test. Lock symbol

34 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Timed insulation resistance/earth-bond resistance test Use the timed test to obtain measurement results with consistent test times — for later comparisons. Set up your tester as shown in Figure 2- 1, and follow the steps shown below. Figure 2-2 T/Time operation Press / and select the timed test. After 30 seconds. After 1 minute, time up. Press to view the resistance value. Press to view the timer. Press again to stop the test. Press to start the test.

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 35 Measuring the Dielectric Absorption Ratio (DAR) Dielectric Absorption Ratio (DAR) is the ratio of the insulation resistance tested at 60 seconds to the insulation resistance tested at 30 seconds. Set up your tester as shown in Figure 2- 1, and follow the steps shown below. Figure 2-3 DAR operation Press and select the DAR test. Press to start the test. After 30 seconds. After 1 minute, time up. Press to view t0. Press to view t00. DAR > 999.9 Error as IR (t0) > maximum range Press to view the timer. Press to view the resistance value.

36 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Measuring the Polarization Index (PI) Polarization Index (PI) is the ratio of the insulation resistance tested at 10 minutes to the insulation resistance tested at 1 minute. Set up your tester as shown in Figure 2- 1, and follow the steps shown below. Figure 2-4 PI operation Press and select the PI test. Press to start the test. After 1 minute. After 10 minutes, time up. Press to view t0. Press to view t00. PI > 999.9 Press to view the timer. Press to view the resistance value. Error as IR (t0) > maximum range all-guides.co m

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 37 Viewing the leakage current Press to view the leakage current display. The leakage current display is related to the insulation resistance. The higher the resistance tested, the lower the current is to be measured. NOTE • Because of the time required to perform the T, PI, and DAR tests, the use of alligator test clips is recommended. • For timed (page 34) tests, The length of the timer is 1 minute by default. To change this value, see “Changing the IR and EBR test period” on page 80 for more information. • For DAR (page 35) tests, you can change the DAR from 60:30 to 60:15 in the Setup. See “Changing the Dielectric Absorption Ratio (DAR) for IR tests” on page 83 for more information. • For DAR (page 35) and PI (page 36) tests, Err is shown on the display if the IR is greater than the maximum range or less than 0.001 MΩ; if the test is interrupted by the user; or if the tester’s battery is low.

38 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Earth-Bond Resistance Test Set up your tester to perform earth- bond resistance tests as shown in Figure 2- 5. Table 2-2 Earth-bond resistance test position Legend Default function Function when is pressed Rotary switch position Primary display Secondary display Primary display Secondary display Earth-bond resistance test AC+DC V or DC V (during test) Timed (T) test AC+DC V or DC V (during test) CAUTION • To avoid possible damage to your tester or to the equipment under test, disconnect the circuit power and discharge all high-voltage capacitors before measuring resistance. • The tester automatically detects if the circuit is energized. If the external voltage is detected to be greater than 2 V, the test will not start. Disconnect the tester and remove power before proceeding. NOTE • The earth-bond resistance function is used to measure the resistance between earth conductors, protective earth conductors, and conductors for equipotential bonding; including their connections and terminals; with an indication of the measured value or indication of limits. • The voltage source is <6.8 V, and the current is >200 mA when the resistance of ≤2 Ω is to be measured. When the source voltage is <4.7 V, the tester will inhibit the test automatically. The secondary display indicates the voltage (with auto-ranging enabled). • The APO (auto power-off) function is disabled during the test. • See also “Timed insulation resistance/earth-bond resistance test” on page 34.

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 39 Figure 2-5 Earth-bond resistance test example 3 2 1 4 > Remote Switch Probe Hold Test will continue until is released. OR

40 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Using the earth-bond resistance test to verify the fuse condition 1 Keep the test leads open, and ensure that no voltage is applied to the terminals. 2 Press and hold to verify the fuse condition. 3 If the fuse has been blown, FUSE will be shown on the display. Follow the instructions in the U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A Service Guide to replace the fuse. Fuse blown; replace fuse.

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 41 Measuring AC or DC Voltage Set up your tester to measure AC or DC voltage as shown in Figure 2- 6. Table 2-3 AC and DC voltage measurement positions Legend Default function Function when is pressed Rotary switch position Primary display Secondary display Primary display Secondary display Auto (V) AC+DC V Cycles between 1 DC V 2 AC V 3 Auto (V) 1 AC+DC V 2 AC+DC V 3 AC+DC V NOTE • This tester displays DC voltage values as well as their polarity. Negative DC voltages will return a negative sign on the left of the display. • Press to measure the frequency of the voltage source. See “Measuring Frequency” on page 44 to learn more. all-guides.co m

42 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Figure 2-6 AC or DC voltage measurement example AC 3 DC 2 1

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 43 Auto AC or DC signal identification The Auto function is able to automatically identify the signal component (AC or DC) of an electrical source and select a suitable measurement range according to the AC+DC reading. The Auto function identifies the signal component using the following rules: • It will consider which component value is greater between the AC or DC. • The AC value should be greater than a minimum value of 50 counts (based on 6000 counts) of range to prevent residual value due to range changing. • The frequency measured is greater than 10 Hz for the AC mode. While the signal is being identified, you can press to lock the (AC or DC) signal on the primary display. At any time, you can press to stop the Auto function and lock the identified signal component (AC or DC). The symbol blinks during the identification. The AC+DC value is shown in the secondary display.

Measuring Frequency Your tester allows simultaneous monitoring of real- time voltage with frequency measurements. To measure frequency, rotate the switch to measure voltage (see Figure 2- 6) and set up the tester accordingly. Press . Probe the test points, and read the display. Frequency measurement techniques • Measuring the frequency of a signal helps detect the presence of harmonic currents in neutral conductors and determines whether these neutral currents are the result of unbalanced phases or non- linear loads. • Frequency is the number of cycles a signal completes each second. Frequency is defined as 1/Period. Period is defined as the time between the middle threshold crossings of two consecutive, like- polarity edges, as shown in Figure 2- 7. • The tester measures the frequency of a voltage signal by counting the number of times the signal crosses a threshold level within a specified period of time. • If a reading shows as 0 Hz or is unstable, the input signal may be below or near the trigger level. You can usually correct these problems by manually selecting a lower input range, which increases the sensitivity of the tester. WARNING Never measure the frequency where the voltage level exceeds the specified range. Manually set the voltage range if you want to measure frequencies below 20 Hz. NOTE • Pressing controls the input range of the voltage function and not the frequency range. • To obtain the best measuring results for frequency measurements, please use the AC measuring path.

45 • If a reading seems to be a multiple of what you expect, the input signal may be distorted. Distortion can cause multiple triggerings of the frequency counter. Selecting a higher voltage range might solve this problem by decreasing the sensitivity of the tester. In general, the lowest frequency displayed is the correct one. • The frequency of the input signal is shown in the primary display. The voltage value of the signal is shown in the secondary display. The bar graph does not indicate frequency but indicates the voltage value of the input signal. Figure 2-7 Definition of frequency Rise Time Fall Time + Width – Width Period 90% 50% 10%

Measuring Resistance Set up your tester to measure resistance as shown in Figure 2- 8. Table 2-4 Resistance measurement position Legend Default function Function when is pressed Rotary switch position Primary display Secondary display Primary display Secondary display Resistance - Continuity - CAUTION To avoid possible damage to your tester or to the equipment under test, disconnect the circuit power and discharge all high-voltage capacitors before measuring resistance. NOTE Resistance (opposition to the current flow) is measured by sending a small current out through the test leads to the circuit under test. Because this current flows through all possible paths between the leads, the resistance reading represents the total resistance of all paths between the leads. Resistance is measured in ohms (Ω). Keep the following in mind when measuring resistance. • The test leads can add 0.1 Ω to 0.2 Ω of error to resistance measurements. To test the leads, touch the probe tips together and read the resistance of the leads. To remove lead resistance from the measurement, hold the test lead tips together and press . Now the resistance at the probe tips will be subtracted from all future display readings. • Because the tester’s test current flows through all possible paths between the probe tips, the measured value of a resistor in a circuit is often different from the resistor’s rated value. all-guides.co m

47 Figure 2-8 Resistance measurement example 3 2 1

Continuity Test Set up your tester to perform continuity tests as shown in Figure 2- 9. The beeper will sound and the red will light LED up as a continuity indication. Table 2-5 Continuity test position Legend Default function Function when is pressed Rotary switch position Primary display Secondary display Primary display Secondary display Resistance - Continuity - CAUTION To avoid possible damage to your tester or to the equipment under test, disconnect the circuit power and discharge all high-voltage capacitors before testing for continuity. NOTE • Continuity is the presence of circuit continuities. The beeper sounds as the resistance falls down to the threshold, and the red LED indicator will be lit (if enabled in the Setup). The audible and visual alert allows you to perform quick continuity tests without having to watch the display. • The continuity function detects intermittent shorts and opens. A brief short causes the tester to emit a short beep. • You can enable or disable the audible alert via the Setup. See “Changing the continuity alert” on page 74 for more information on the audible alert option.

49 Figure 2-9 Continuity test example 2 1 3 ON (closed) OFF (open) 4

Measuring Capacitance Set up your tester to measure capacitance as shown in Figure 2- 10. The cable length of the circuit under test in shown in the secondary display. • The default cable length scale is 1 km per 40 nF (km/C). To change this value, see “Changing the cable length scale” on page 78. • You can also change the cable length unit (Meter or Feet). To change this value, see “Changing the cable length unit” on page 77. Table 2-6 Capacitance measurement position Legend Default function Function when is pressed Rotary switch position Primary display Secondary display Primary display Secondary display Capacitance Cable length - - CAUTION To avoid possible damage to the tester or to the equipment under test, disconnect circuit power and discharge all high-voltage capacitors before measuring capacitance. Use the DC voltage function to confirm that the capacitor is fully discharged. NOTE • The tester measures capacitance by using an AC sine wave. • The resistance of the test leads will impact the accuracy of the measurement. It is recommended to use short leads to measure capacitance. • The test frequency is 54.5 Hz.

51 Figure 2-10 Capacitance measurement example 1 3 + – 2 all-guides.co m

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User’s Guide 3 Tester Features Making Relative Measurements (Null) 54 Freezing the Display (TrigHold and AutoHold) 55 Performing Limit Comparisons (Limit) 57 Recording Measurement Data (Log) 59 Performing manual logs (HAND) 60 Performing interval logs (AUTO) 60 Performing event logs (TRIG) 61 Reviewing Previously Recorded Data (View) 63 The following sections describe the additional features available in your tester.

54 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Making Relative Measurements (Null) When making null measurements, also called relative, each reading is the difference between a stored (selected or measured) null value and the input signal. One possible application is to increase the accuracy of a resistance measurement by nulling the test lead resistance. 1 To activate Null, press . The measurement value at the time that when Null ( ) is enabled, is stored as the reference value. 2 Press again to view the stored reference value (the annunciator blinks). The display will return to normal after 3 seconds. 3 To disable Null, press while the stored reference value is shown (step 2). For any measurement function, you can directly measure and store the null value by pressing with the test leads open (nulls the test lead capacitance), shorted (nulls the test lead resistance), or across a desired null value circuit. NOTE Null can be set for both auto and manual range settings, but not in the case of an overload. NOTE • In resistance measurement, the tester will read a non-zero value even when the two test leads are in direct contact, because of the resistance of these leads. Press to zero-adjust the display. • For DC voltage measurements, the thermal effect will influence the accuracy of the measurements. Short the test leads and press when the displayed value is stable to zero-adjust the display.

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 55 Freezing the Display (TrigHold and AutoHold) TrigHold operation Press to freeze the display for any function, except for the Ω Mega or the Ω EB function. Press again to trigger a new reading. The annunciator blinks while waiting for the reading to be stable. Press and hold to exit this mode. AutoHold operation Press and hold to activate AutoHold for any function, except for the Ω Mega or the Ω EB function. AutoHold monitors the input signal and updates the display and, if enabled, emits a beep, whenever a new stable measurement is detected. The annunciator blinks while waiting for the reading to be stable. Press and hold to exit this mode. NOTE Pressing when the rotary switch is in one of the Ω Mega or the Ω EB position will result in a test being performed instead. NOTE Pressing and holding when the rotary switch is in one of the Ω Mega or the Ω EB position will result in a test being performed instead.

56 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide A trigger point is one that varies more than a selected adjustable (AutoHold threshold) variation count (default 500 counts). The following conditions are not included in the update. To change the default AutoHold threshold count see “Changing the variation count” on page 71 for more information. Function None updated counts Voltage 50 Resistance OL or Open Capacitance 50 NOTE If the reading value is unable to reach a stable state, the reading value will not be updated. all-guides.co m

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 57 Performing Limit Comparisons (Limit) Limit is used to compare the test result with the chosen settling value. The default settling values are shown in the table below. You can set pass condition to be > or < the value measured. 1 Press to activate Limit. 2 Press again to set the comparison value. Use the arrow keys to position the cursor and to change the value shown. The most significant digit can be set to a value from 1 to 9. The remaining two digits can be set to 0, 00, or left blank along with any unit combination (see Table 3- 1). 3 Position the cursor on the > annunciator to change the Limit pass condition (< or >). 4 Press to save your changes (or press to discard your changes). Table 3-1 Limit settling default values Function Default value Range Limit settling range Voltage measurement[1] [1] Absolute value comparison, regardless of polarity. >30 V Auto or Manual 1 V < LS < 900 V Resistance measurement <10 Ω Auto or Manual 1 Ω < LS < 90 MΩ Capacitance measurement[2] [2] Limit for capacitance is represented without a unit. >10 Range locked 10 < LS < 900 Earth-bond resistance test <10 Ω Auto 1 Ω < LS < 90 kΩ Insulation resistance test >10 MΩ Auto 1 kΩ < LS < 90 GΩ

58 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 5 If the new value is passed: • PAS is shown • A short beep tone is heard • The red LED blinks once 6 If the new value is failed: • FAi is shown • Three short beep tones are heard • The red LED blinks thrice NOTE When the Limit feature is enabled for insulation resistance tests, the red LED indicator lights up accordingly to the changes in the limit values instead of blinking every 2 seconds.

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 59 Recording Measurement Data (Log) Log provides you with the convenience of recording test data for future review or analysis. Since data is stored in the nonvolatile memory, the data remains saved even when the tester is turned OFF or if the battery is replaced. Log collects measurement information over a user- specified duration. There are three Log options that can be used to capture measurement data: manual (HAND), interval (AUTO), or event (TRIG). • A manual log stores an instance of the measured signal each time you press and hold (see page 60). • An interval log stores a record of the measured signal at a user- specified interval (see page 60). • An event log stores a record of the measured signal each time a trigger condition is satisfied (see page 61). Before starting a recording session, set up the tester for the measurements to be recorded. To change the Log option see “Changing the recording option” on page 80 for more information. See “Reviewing Previously Recorded Data (View)” on page 63 to review or erase the recorded entries. Table 3-2 Log maximum capacity Log option Maximum capacity for saving Manual (HAND) H00 to H99 (100 entries) Interval (AUTO) A00 to A99 (100 entries) Event (TRIG) E00 to E99 (100 entries) NOTE Each recorded index includes two parameters: the primary display and the secondary display. Examples include IR-V or V-Hz.

60 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Performing manual logs (HAND) Ensure that HAnd is selected as the Log option in the Setup. 1 Press and hold to store the present input signal value. and the log entry number are displayed. The display will return to normal after a short while (around 1 second). 2 Repeat step 1 again to save the next input signal value. The maximum number of readings that can be stored for the manual log is 100 entries. When all entries are occupied, HFU will be shown when you press and hold . Performing interval logs (AUTO) Ensure that AUto is selected as the Log option in the Setup. The default recording interval duration is 1 second. To change the recording interval duration, see “Changing the sample interval duration” on page 79 for more information. The duration set in the Setup will determine how long each recording interval takes. The input signal value at the end of each interval will be recorded and saved into the tester’s memory. Start the interval log mode 1 Press and hold to start interval log mode. and the log entry number are displayed. Subsequent readings are automatically recorded into the tester’s memory at the interval specified in the Setup. 2 Press and hold again to exit the interval log mode.

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 61 The maximum number of readings that can be stored for the interval log is 100 entries. When all entries are occupied, AFU will be shown when you press and hold . Performing event logs (TRIG) Ensure that triG is selected as the Log option in the Setup. Event logs are used only with the following modes: • TrigHold and AutoHold (page 55) • Earth- bond resistance tests (page 38) • Insulation resistance tests (page 38) • T/DAR/PI tests (page 30) Event records are triggered by the measured signal satisfying a trigger condition set by the measurement function used in the following modes: NOTE When the interval log recording session is running, all other keypad operations are disabled; the exception is , which, when pressed for more than 1 second, will stop and exit the recording session. Furthermore, APO (auto power-off) is disabled during the recording session. Table 3-3 Event log trigger conditions Modes Trigger condition Primary display recorded Secondary display recorded The input signal value is recorded: TrigHold Each time you press and the reading update is stable. Voltage, resistance, or capacitance Voltage, frequency, capacitance cable length, or output source voltage AutoHold When the input signal varies more than the variation count and the reading update is stable. Voltage, resistance, or capacitance Voltage, frequency, capacitance cable length, or output source voltage all-guides.co m

62 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Start the event log mode 1 Select one of the modes listed in Table 3- 3. 2 Press and hold to start event log mode. and the log entry number are displayed. The primary display and secondary display readings will be recorded into the memory. Subsequent readings are automatically recorded into the tester’s memory every time the trigger condition specified in Table 3- 3 is satisfied. 3 Press and hold again to exit the event log mode. The maximum number of readings that can be stored for the event log is 100 entries. When all entries are occupied, EFU will be shown when you press and hold . Earth-bond resistance test Each time you press to stop the test output source. Resistance or leak current value Test output source voltage Insulation resistance test T/Time When the time is up (Timer = 00:00), the final value is recorded before the test output source is stopped. Resistance or leak current value Test output source voltage NOTE The values of DAR t30 (or DAR t15), DAR t60, PI t1, and PI t10 will be recorded in every IR rotary switch location. For more information on DAR and PI tests, see page 35 and page 36 respectively. Table 3-3 Event log trigger conditions (continued) Modes Trigger condition Primary display recorded Secondary display recorded The input signal value is recorded: NOTE APO (auto power-off) is disabled during the recording session.

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 63 Reviewing Previously Recorded Data (View) Viewing data stored in the tester’s memory is performed through the key. 1 Press and hold to View the previously recorded data. Press again to cycle through the manual (H), interval (A), or event (E) records. If nothing has been recorded, H--, A--, or E-- will be displayed instead. 2 Select the desired recording category to view its entries. i Press to jump to the first stored entry. Press to jump to the last stored entry. ii Press to view the next stored entry. The index number increases by one. Press to view the previous stored entry. The index number decreases by one. iii Press to clear the last stored entry for the selected log type. Press and hold to clear all entries for the selected log type. 3 Press and hold again to exit the View mode. Sanitizing the Log Memories You have the option to sanitize the log memories of your tester. This operation erases the log memories of your tester thoroughly. The data stored in the tester’s memory will not be able to be reconstructed in any way after the data sanitization operation. Prior to sanitizing the log memories, ensure that all manual (H), interval (A), or event (E) records have been cleared (see step iii). When all entries are cleared (H--, A--, and E--), press and hold to sanitize the log memories. CAUTION The data sanitization operation may take up to 30 seconds to complete. Do not press any keys or turn the rotary switch until the data sanitization operation is completed.

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User’s Guide 4 Setup Options Using the Setup Menu 66 Editing numerical values 67 Setup Menu Summary 68 Setup Menu Items 71 Editing numerical values 67 Changing the variation count 71 Enabling smooth mode 71 Changing the beep frequency 72 Changing the auto power-off (APO) timer 73 Changing the LCD backlight timeout 73 Changing the continuity alert 74 Disabling the power-on melody 75 Changing the battery type 75 Resetting the tester’s Setup options 76 Changing the display count 76 Changing the cable length unit 77 Changing the cable length scale 78 Changing the alert indicators 78 Changing the sample interval duration 79 Changing the recording option 80 Changing the IR and EBR test period 80 Changing the maximum inhibit voltage for IR tests 81 Disabling the lock once feature 82 Changing the button operation on the remote switch probe 82 Changing the Dielectric Absorption Ratio (DAR) for IR tests 83 The following sections describe how to change the preset features of your tester.

66 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Using the Setup Menu The Setup menu allows you to change a number of nonvolatile preset features. Modifying these settings affects the general operation of your tester across several functions. Select a setting to edit in order to perform one of the following actions: • Switch between two values, such as on or off. • Cycle through multiple values from a predefined list. • Decrease or increase a numerical value within a fixed range. The contents of the Setup menu are summarized in Table 4- 2 on page 68. Table 4-1 Setup menu key functions Legend Description • Press for more than 1 second to access the Setup menu. • Press and hold until the tester restarts to exit the Setup menu. • Press or to browse each menu page. • Press or at each menu page to move the cursor to a specific menu item. l‘ • Press to edit the selected menu item. The menu item’s value will flash to indicate that you can now change the value shown. • Press or again to switch between two values, to cycle through multiple values from a list, or to decrease or increase a numerical value. • Press to save your changes. • While the menu item’s value is flashing, press to discard your changes. U1451A U1452A/U1452AT NOTE The tester will automatically exit the Setup menu after 30 seconds of inactivity. all-guides.co m

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 67 Editing numerical values When editing numerical values, use the and to position the cursor on a numerical digit. • Press to move the cursor to the left, and • Press to move the cursor to the right. When the cursor is positioned over a digit, use the and keys to change the numerical digit. • Press to increment the digit, and • Press to decrement the digit. When you have completed your changes, save the new numerical value by pressing . (Or alternatively, if you wish to discard the changes you made, press .) Press and hold for more than 1 second to enter the Setup menu. Press to edit the selected menu item’s value. Press or to move the cursor left or right. Press or to increment or decrement the selected digit. Press again to save the changes made.

68 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Setup Menu Summary The Setup menu items are summarized in the table below. Click the respective “Learn more” pages for more information on each menu item. Table 4-2 Setup menu item descriptions Legend Available settings Description Learn more on: AH 0001 to 9999 counts Set the AutoHold and Smooth threshold count from 1 to 9999 counts. Default is 0050 counts. page 71 SMo 0001 to 9999 (d or E) Set the settling value from 0001 to 9999. You can also disable this feature (d). Default is disabled (0009d). page 71 bEE 3200 Hz to 4267 Hz, or oFF Set the beep frequency from 3200 Hz to 4267 Hz. You can also disable this feature (off). Default is 3840 Hz. page 72 APo 01 to 99 minutes (d or E) Set the auto power-off timer period from 1 to 99 minutes (1 hour, 39 minutes). You can also disable this feature (d). Default is 15 minutes (15E). page 73 bLt 01 to 99 seconds (d or E) Set the backlight timer period from 1 to 99 seconds (1 minute, 39 seconds). You can also disable this feature (d). Default is 15 seconds (15E). page 73 tyP SHor or tonE Set the tester to sound a single beep (SHor) or a tone (tone) during continuity alerts for short circuits. Default is a single beep for short circuits (SHor). page 74 Snd MELo, USEr, bEEE, or oFF Set the power-on melody to the factory default (MELO), a beep (bEEE), or disable this feature (off). Default is a beep (bEEE). page 75 bAt PRi or SEC Change the battery selection from primary (PRi) to secondary (SEC). Default is primary (PRi). page 75 rSt yES or no Reset the tester to its factory default settings. page 76

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 69 Cnt Hi or Lo Set the display count to High (Hi) or Low (Lo). Default is Low (Lo). page 76 CAb mft Mete (m) or Foot (ft) Set the cable length unit to Meter (Mete) or Foot (Foot) for capacitance measurements. Default is Mete (m). page 77 CAb 01 to 99 nF/km Set the capacitance measurement versus cable length scale from 1 to 99 nF/km. Default is 40 nF/km. page 78 ALE bE.rL, --.rL, bE.--, or --.-- Set the tester to beep momentarily and light up the red LED indicator for limit and continuity alerts. You can also disable either or both alerts (off). Default is to beep momentarily and light up the red LED indicator (bE.rL). page 78 tiM 0001 to 9999 seconds Set the logging duration for interval logs from 1 to 9999 seconds (2 hours, 46 minutes, 39 seconds). Default is 1 second. page 79 tyP HAnd, AUto, or triG Set the data logging option (HAnd: manual log, AUto: interval log, or triG: event log). Default is manual log (HAnd). page 80 tiM 00.05 to 59.59 mm:ss Set the insulation resistance or earth-bond resistance test period. Default is 10 seconds (00.10 mm:ss) page 80 inH 30 V, 50 V, or 75 V Set the maximum inhibit voltage for insulation resistance test. Default is 30 V. page 81 onE yES or no Enable or disable the lock once feature. Default is enabled (yES). page 82 Table 4-2 Setup menu item descriptions (continued) Legend Available settings Description Learn more on:

70 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide rEM bt-1 to bt-7 (d or E) Change or disable the button operation on the remote probe. Default is (bt-7E). page 82 tiM 60.30 or 60.15 seconds Set the Dielectric Absorption Ratio in seconds (60:30 or 60:15). Default is 60:30 (seconds). page 83 Table 4-2 Setup menu item descriptions (continued) Legend Available settings Description Learn more on:

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 71 Setup Menu Items Changing the variation count This setting is used with the AutoHold feature (see page 55). When the variation of the measured value exceeds the value of the variation count, the AutoHold feature will be ready to trigger. To change the variation count: 1 Press for more than 1 second to enter the Setup menu. 2 Browse to AH ( and are shown on the display), and press to edit the value. 3 Use the arrow keys to change the variation count. 4 Press to save your changes (or press to discard your changes). 5 Press and hold until the tester restarts to return to normal operation. Enabling smooth mode Smooth is used to smoothen the refresh rate of the readings in order to reduce the impact of unexpected noise and to help you achieve a stable reading. The smooth refresh rate can be set from 0001 to 9999. The smooth time is defined as the set value +1. Smooth will be restarted when the variation count is exceeded, when the range is changed, or after a tester function or feature is enabled. The variation count is set to the value used for the AutoHold feature (see “Changing the variation count” on page 71). Legend Range Default setting AH (0001 to 9999) counts 0050 all-guides.co m

72 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide To change the smooth refresh rate: 1 Press for more than 1 second to enter the Setup menu. 2 Browse to SMo ( is shown on the display), and press to edit the value. 3 Use the arrow keys to change the smooth refresh rate. Select E to enable the Smooth feature. 4 Press to save your changes (or press to discard your changes). 5 Press and hold until the tester restarts to return to normal operation. Changing the beep frequency The beeper alerts users to the presence of circuit continuities and newly sensed values for Max Min recordings. To change the beep frequency: 1 Press for more than 1 second to enter the Setup menu. 2 Browse to bEE, and press to edit the value. 3 Use the arrow keys to change the beep frequency. Select oFF to disable the beeper. 4 Press to save your changes (or press to discard your changes). Legend Range Default setting SMo • 0001 to 9999 • d(isabled) or E(nabled) 0009d Legend Range Default setting bEE (4267, 4151, 4042, 3938, 3840, 3746, 3675, 3572, 3491, 3413, 3339, 3268, 3200) Hz, or oFF 3840

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 73 5 Press and hold until the tester restarts to return to normal operation. Changing the auto power-off (APO) timer The APO (see page 6) feature uses a timer to determine when to automatically turn the tester off. To change the APO timer period: 1 Press for more than 1 second to enter the Setup menu. 2 Browse to APo, and press to edit the value. 3 Use the arrow keys to change the APO timer period. Select d to disable the APO feature. 4 Press to save your changes (or press to discard your changes). 5 Press and hold until the tester restarts to return to normal operation. Changing the LCD backlight timeout The tester’s LCD backlight uses a timer to determine when to turn off the LCD backlight. Legend Range Default setting APo • (01 to 99) minutes • E(nabled) or d(isabled) 15E Legend Range Default setting bLT • (01 to 99) seconds • E(nabled) or d(isabled) 15E

74 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide To change the LCD backlight timer period: 1 Press for more than 1 second to enter the Setup menu. 2 Browse to bLT, and press to edit the value. 3 Use the arrow keys to change the backlight timer period. Select d to disable the backlight timer. 4 Press to save your changes (or press to discard your changes). 5 Press and hold until the tester restarts to return to normal operation. Changing the continuity alert This setting is used with continuity tests (see page 48). The tester will beep to alert users to the presence of circuit continuities for short circuits. If tone is selected, the tester will sound different tones according to the bar graph display. To change the continuity alert: 1 Press for more than 1 second to enter the Setup menu. 2 Browse to tyP ( is shown on the display), and press to edit the value. 3 Use the arrow keys to change the continuity alert. 4 Press to save your changes (or press to discard your changes). 5 Press and hold until the tester restarts to return to normal operation. Legend Range Default setting tyP SHor(t) or tonE SHor

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 75 Disabling the power-on melody The tester plays a melody or a beep when it is powered on. To disable the power- on melody: 1 Press for more than 1 second to enter the Setup menu. 2 Browse to Snd, and press to edit the value. 3 Use the arrow keys to change the power- on melody. Select oFF to disable the power- on melody. 4 Press to save your changes (or press to discard your changes). 5 Press and hold until the tester restarts to return to normal operation. Changing the battery type If you are using rechargeable batteries to power your tester, change the battery type from PRi to SEC for the tester to accurately reflect the battery capacity indication. Legend Range Default setting Snd MELo(dy), USEr, bEEE, or oFF bEEE NOTE The USEr option is for Keysight internal use. Legend Range Default setting bAt PRi(mary) or SEC(ondary) PRi

76 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide To change the battery type: 1 Press for more than 1 second to enter the Setup menu. 2 Browse to bAt, and press to edit the value. 3 Use the arrow keys to change the battery type. 4 Press to save your changes (or press to discard your changes). 5 Press and hold until the tester restarts to return to normal operation. Resetting the tester’s Setup options The tester’s Setup options can be reset to its default values through the Setup menu. 1 Press for more than 1 second to enter the Setup menu. 2 Browse to rSt, and press to edit the value. 3 Use the arrow keys to select yES. 4 Press and hold for more than 1 second to perform the reset. The tester will beep once and return to the first Setup menu page. Or, alternatively press to discard your changes. Changing the display count Use these settings to change the display count for the following measurements/tests. The low resolution count is a tenth of the original display count. As an example, if the original display count is 6000 counts, then the low resolution display count is 600 counts. Legend Range Default setting rSt yES or no no all-guides.co m

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 77 To change the display count: 1 Press for more than 1 second to enter the Setup menu. 2 Browse to Cnt, and press to edit the value. 3 Use the arrow keys to change the display count. 4 Press to save your changes (or press to discard your changes). 5 Press and hold until the tester restarts to return to normal operation. Changing the cable length unit This setting is used with capacitance measurements (see page 50). Change the unit (Meter or Feet) of the cable length display. To change the cable length unit: 1 Press for more than 1 second to enter the Setup menu. 2 Browse to CAb mft, and press to edit the value. 3 Use the arrow keys to change the cable length unit. Legend Range Default setting Cnt Hi(gh) or Lo(w) Lo NOTE • Voltage and capacitance measurements are fixed at 6000 counts. • DAR and PI tests are fixed at 9999 counts. Legend Range Default setting CAb mft Mete(r) or Foot Mete

78 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 4 Press to save your changes (or press to discard your changes). 5 Press and hold until the tester restarts to return to normal operation. Changing the cable length scale This setting is used with capacitance measurements (see page 50). Change the scale from 1 nF to 99 nF per kilometer for capacitance transfers to cable length. To change the cable length scale: 1 Press for more than 1 second to enter the Setup menu. 2 Browse to CAb, and press to edit the value. 3 Use the arrow keys to change the cable length scale. 4 Press to save your changes (or press to discard your changes). 5 Press and hold until the tester restarts to return to normal operation. Changing the alert indicators The tester’s audible and visual alerts users to the presence of circuit continuities (see page 48) and values exceeding the Limit values set (see page 48). Legend Range Default setting CAb (01 to 99) nF 40 Legend Range Default setting ALE bE.rL, --.rL, bE.--, or --.-- bE.rL

U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide 79 To change the alert indicators: 1 Press for more than 1 second to enter the Setup menu. 2 Browse to ALE ( and is shown on the display), and press to edit the value. 3 Use the arrow keys to change the alert indicators. Select -- to disable either the beeper, the red LED, or both the alert indicators. 4 Press to save your changes (or press to discard your changes). 5 Press and hold until the tester restarts to return to normal operation. Changing the sample interval duration This setting is used with the Interval Data Logging feature (see page 60). The tester will record a measurement value at the beginning of every sample interval. To change the sample interval duration: 1 Press for more than 1 second to enter the Setup menu. 2 Browse to tiM ( is shown on the display), and press to edit the value. 3 Use the arrow keys to change the sample interval duration. 4 Press to save your changes (or press to discard your changes). 5 Press and hold until the tester restarts to return to normal operation. Legend Range Default setting tiM (0001 to 9999) seconds 0001

80 U1452A/U1452AT/U1451A User’s Guide Changing the recording option This setting is used with the Data Logging feature (see page 59). There are three available recording options for the Data Logging feature. • HAnd: Manual log • AUto: Interval log • triG: Event log To change the recording option: 1 Press for more than 1 second to enter the Setup menu. 2 Browse to tyP ( is shown on the display), and press to edit the value. 3 Use the arrow keys to change the recording option. 4 Press to save your changes (or press to discard your changes). 5 Press and hold until the tester restarts to return to normal operation. Changing the IR and EBR test period This setting is used with insulation resistance tests (see page 38) or earth- bond resistance measurements (see page 38). The tester performs the test over the timed period defined in this setting. Legend Range Default setting tyP HAnd, auTO, or triG HAnd Legend Range Default setting tiM (00.05 to 59.59) mm:ss 00.10