F.u.n.k.e. FSG 90 Installation & Operation Manual

Airband-Transceiver 118.000 … 136.975 MHz 6 Watt / 10 Watt 8.33kHz / 25 kHz channel spacing ETSO: EASA.21O.1305 Rev.A FAA: TSO C37d / TSO C38d BAF: D-0036/2014 (FSG90) D-0037/2014 (FSG90-H1) FCC ID: BVYFSG90 Installation & Operation applies for FSG 90 (6 W) article no. F10185 applies for FSG 90-H1 (10 W) article no. F10302 Before installing and operating the transceiver, please read this manual thoroughly! Please observe the Safety Information! Keep for further use! Document Name: IM 031.00 Document No.: FAV_D10024 Revision: 3.00 Date of Issue December 2014 f.u.n.k.e. AVIONICS GmbH Heinz-Strachowitz-Str. 4  86807 Buchloe  Germany Telephone +49 (0)8241 / 80066-0  Fax +49 (0)8241 / 8066-99 e-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.funkeavionics.de f.u.n.k.e. AVIONICS GmbH ist zertifiziert nach DIN EN ISO 9001:2008. f.u.n.k.e. AVIONICS GmbH ist anerkannter Luftfahrt-Herstellbetrieb DE.21G.0078, anerkannter Instandhaltungsbetrieb DE.145.0436 und Entwicklungsbetrieb APOA-013

Airband Transceiver December 2014 FAV_D10024 iii Copyright – Service Information The details and data in this operator's manual correspond to the respective state of technology on the day of printing. We reserve our right to change without prior notice due to new technological design or corresponding new production technology. f.u.n.k.e. AVIONICS GmbH takes no guarantee for these documents with respect to application and interpretation. Copyright  2014 f.u.n.k.e. AVIONICS GmbH All rights reserved. This document contains proprietary information and such information may not be disclosed to others for any purpose nor used for manufacturing purposes without prior written permission of the manufacturer f.u.n.k.e. AVIONICS GmbH, 86807 Buchloe, Germany. In this document no mention is made of patents, trademark rights, or other proprietary rights which may attach to certain words or entries. The absence of such mention, however, in no way implies that the words or entries in question are exempt from such rights. Service Information Should any unusual problem arise or further information be desired, please contact the f.u.n.k.e. AVIONICS GmbH, Heinz-Strachowitz-Str. 4, 86807 Buchloe, Germany The information in this Operator's Manual does not profess to include all the details of design, production, or variation of the equipment, or to cover all the possible contingencies which may arise during operation or maintenance. We welcome your comments concerning this Manual. Although every effort has been made to keep it free of errors, some may occur. When reporting a specific problem, please describe it briefly and include the Operator's Manual article number, paragraph or figure number, and the page number. Send your comments to Publications Department f.u.n.k.e. AVIONICS GmbH Heinz-Strachowitz-Str. 4 86807 Buchloe Germany or via e-mail to: [email protected] Subject to technical changes without prior notice Printed in Germany

Table of Content iv FAV_D10024 December 2014 Table of Content Page COPYRIGHT – SERVICE INFORMATION III TABLE OF CONTENT IV ABBREVIATIONS 1 1 SAFETY INFORMATION 2 2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 4 2.1 INTRODUCTION 4 2.2 MODELS OF THE FSG 90 SYSTEM 4 2.3 APPLICATION 4 2.4 BRIEF DESCRIPTION 5 2.5 SYSTEM AND TYPE APPROVAL INFORMATION 8 2.6 OPERATING LICENSE 9 2.7 EQUIPMENT SUPPLIED 9 2.8 OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES 10 2.9 EQUIPMENT REQUIRED BUT NOT SUPPLIED 11 2.10 INFORMATION ON EQUIPMENT RELIABILITY 11 2.11 MICROPHONE HINTS 12 3 INSTALLATION 14 3.1 GENERAL 14 3.2 UNPACKING AND INSPECTING EQUIPMENT 14 3.3 PRE-INSTALLATION TEST 14 3.4 PARTICULAR REMARKS TO FSG 90(X) TRANSMITTER MODULATION 15 3.5 MECHANICAL INSTALLATION 18 3.5.1 Transceiver installation 18 3.5.2 Compass deviation 18 3.5.3 Antenna installation 20 3.6 AIRBORNE WIRING 22 3.6.1 General recommendations 22 3.6.2 Microphone Connection 27 3.6.3 Intercom (IC) 28 3.6.4 Loudspeaker / Headset interconnection 28 3.6.5 AF External Operation 29 3.6.6 Lighting the Frequency Display 29 3.6.7 Connection to a 28 Vdc airborne system 29 3.7 POST-INSTALLATION CHECK 30 3.7.1 Testing on the Ground with Engine Off 30 3.7.2 Ground checks with engine running 30 4 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 32 4.1 INTRODUCTION 32 4.2 OPERATOR'S CONTROLS 32 4.3 FREQUENCY DISPLAY, 5-DIGIT OR 6-DIGIT LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD), TWO LINES, CAN BE BACK-LIT. 35 4.4 CONNECTORS AT THE REAR SIDE 36

Table of Content December 2014 FAV_D10024 v 5 SET-UP PROCEDURE 38 5.1 CALLING SET-UP WITHOUT PASSWORD 39 5.2 CALLING SET-UP WITH PASSWORD 40 5.3 INTERRUPT THE SET-UP PROCEDURE 40 5.4 SET-UP PROCEDURE 41 5.4.1 Adjusting the automatic squelch threshold 41 5.4.2 Adjusting the microphone sensitivity (Dynamic or amplified/carbon microphones) 41 5.4.3 Adjusting the Intercom volume 42 5.4.4 Adjusting the Sidetone volume 43 5.4.5 Adjusting the headset volume 43 5.4.6 Selecting '25 kHz only' or combined 8.33/25 kHz channel spacing 44 5.4.7 Deleting occupied channel memories 44 5.4.8 Selecting AF EXTERNAL via A/C speaker (ON/OFF) 45 5.4.9 Selecting 'CHANNEL MODE ONLY' or 'NO RESTRICTION' 45 5.4.10 Selecting 'TRANSMITTER BLOCKING' during receive (ON/OFF) 46 5.4.11 Service (ON/OFF) 46 5.4.12 Optional module (ON/OFF) 46 5.4.13 Entering a password 47 5.4.14 Reset 48 6 OPERATING INSTRUCTION 50 6.1 INTRODUCTION 50 6.2 TURNING ON - SELECTING FREQUENCY/CHANNEL NAME - VOLUME 50 6.3 RECEIVE (LISTEN) OPERATION 52 6.4 TRANSMIT (TALK) OPERATION 53 6.5 STORING A NEW FREQUENCY/CHANNEL NAME 54 6.6 RECALL OF STORED FREQUENCY/CHANNEL NAME 54 6.7 SQUELCH (SQ) OPERATION 54 6.8 INTERCOM 55 6.9 AF EXTERNAL 55 6.10 LIGHTING 55 6.11 TURNING OFF 56 6.12 CHECKING THE A/C ON-BOARD SUPPLY 56 6.13 OPERATING TIMES OF AN FSG 90 (6 WATT VERSION) SUPPLIED FROM A 12 V BATTERY ONLY 57 6.14 EMERGENCY OPERATION 57 APPENDIX A, TECHNICAL SUMMARY 58 A.1 GENERAL 58 A.2 DIMENSIONS, WEIGHT, FUSES 59 A.3 APPROVALS 59 A.4 RECEIVER CHARACTERISTICS 60 A.5 TRANSMITTER CHARACTERISTICS 62 APPENDIX B, ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE CLASSIFICATION 64 APPENDIX C, ICAO FREQUENCY-CHANNEL PAIRING 66 APPENDIX D, CERTIFICATES 68

Table of Content vi FAV_D10024 December 2014 Manual Revision History Manual IM 031.00 Revision 3.00 Retain this list in the front of the Installation & Operation Manual as a RECORD OF REVISIONS. Revision Dittel Reason for change Date ? Last Dittel-IM-Revision IM031.00 D10024 from April 2013 ! No Revision History inside ! ? Revision FAV Reason for change Date 1.00 Initial Release after change to f.u.n.k.e. AVIONICS GmbH; 86807 Buchloe – Germany (Original Dittel-IM-Revision IM031.00 D10014 from April 2013) 17.03.2014 2.00 FCC document added 25.06.2014 3.00 Changes according to requirements by Bundesaufsichtsamt für Flugsicherung (BAF) 19.12.2014

1 Safety Information December 2014 FAV_D10024 1 Abbreviations A/C Aircraft NM Nautical miles A/N Article Number (f.u.n.k.e. AVIONICS) nW Nanowatt (10-9) AGC Automatic Gain Control PEP Peak Envelope Power Ah Ampere hour PLL Phase-Locked Loop AM Amplitude Modulation ppm parts per million ANT Antenna PTT Push-To-Talk Ass'y Assembly pW Picowatt (10-12) AWG American Wire Gauge PWR Power ccw Counterclockwise (turn left ↺) RF Radio Frequency CH Channel rms Effective value (root mean square) CTS Ready-to-Transmit RTS Invitation to send cw Clockwise (turn right ↻) RX Receive dB Decibel RxD Receive data dia. Diameter S+N/N Signal-to-Noise Ratio EMF Electromotive Force (voltage of an open circuit) SINAD Ratio: Signal noise distortion noise distortion    F/CH Frequency/Channel SPKR Loudspeaker FL Flight Level SQ Squelch g Acceleration due to gravity STBY Standby GND Ground STO Store HI High Power SWR Standing-Wave Ratio Hz Hertz TOT Time out timer ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization TX Transmit IF Intermediate Frequency TxD Transmit data kHz Kilohertz VCO Voltage-Controlled Oscillator LCD Liquid Crystal Display Vdc Volts, direct current LED Light Emitting Diode VHF Very-High Frequency LO Low Power VOL Volume LOS Line-Of-Sight VSWR Voltage Standing-Wave Ratio m Modulation W Watt mA Milliamperes Ω Ohm MD Mode °C Degrees Centigrade MHz Megahertz °F Degrees Fahrenheit MIC Microphone mW Milliwatt

1 Safety Information 2 FAV_D10024 December 2014 1 Safety Information Every radio, when transmitting, radiates energy into the atmosphere that may, under certain conditions, cause the generation of sparks. All users of our radios should be aware of the following warning: Do not operate this radio in an explosive atmosphere (petroleum fuels, solvents, dust, etc.)! During normal use, the radio will subject you to radio energy substantially below the level where any kind of harm is reported. TO ENSURE PERSONAL SAFETY, please observe the following simple rules:  DO NOT transmit when the antenna is very close to, or touching, exposed parts of the body, especially the face and eyes.  DO NOT transmit on a busy channel.  DO NOT press the transmit (PTT) key when not actually desiring to transmit.  DO NOT transmit in closed aircraft or vehicles with the antenna inside the cabin. This may cause malfunction of the avionics or trigger the airbag! Always operate the radio FSG 90(X) with a suitable outside / external antenna! Assure appropriate lightning protection where elevated outdoor antennas are used.  DO NOT operate the radio whilst driving. Notice that the use of a hand held microphone while driving could constitute an offence under the Road Traffic Regulations in certain countries.  DO NOT allow children to play with any radio equipment containing a transmitter.  DO NOT call radio’s SET-UP in flight or whilst driving a vehicle. Transmit and receive are partially disabled!  After each SET-UP check all settings of the radio and cockpit instruments for correct function before the next flight or application!  Always turn OFF the radio first (to turn OFF the radio rotate the ON/OFF-VOL knob fully counterclockwise to the dot position). - before switching on or switching off the power source - before installing the unit into vehicles, aircraft or carrier cases or when removing from it! - before starting an engine or vehicle!  When operating the FSG 90(X) on a 24/28 Vdc source use a suitable Voltage Converter 24 Vdc/12 Vdc of at least 5 Amps!  Use the FSG 90(X) exclusively for communication on the airband frequencies.

1 Safety Information December 2014 FAV_D10024 3  Unauthorized modifications and changes of the system are forbidden.  When replacing defective parts use only original spare parts or standard parts recommended by the manufacturer!  In aircraft or vehicles, use a suitable noise cancelling microphone or headset for aircraft radios.  Always carry a backup microphone during any flight. Even new microphones can fail.  Volume is very important. Increasing speaking levels while the lips are facing the microphone, but not straining or pushing to yelling levels will increase clarity.  Prior to any flight, verify proper FSG 90(X) functions by means of a short communications test. It has to be taken into account that with a faulty antenna or cable this COM test may absolutely turn out positive at the airfield or in short distance to the ground station. However, at a distance of 2 to 6 miles faulty antenna and/or cables will cause communication breakdown!  Push-to-Talk keys may stick occasionally. Therefore, observe while transmitting the transmit (TX) symbol at the FSG 90(X) display. This TX symbol must disappear when releasing the PTT key. After 2 minutes continuous TX the built-in transmit time out timer disables the transmitter in order to avoid continuous channel blocking. Then, the whole display warns by continuous flashing. Refer to appropriate hints in this manual.  Replace blown fuse only against correct type with specified nominal value. Investigate the cause. In this manual the following symbols are used: DANGER! describes an immediate threatening danger! Failing to observe the note may cause death or heaviest injuries. CAUTION! describes a special note for operation. Failing to observe the note may cause damage of the transceiver and/or stored data may be deleted! IMPORTANT! describes explanations and other useful hints. Failing to observe the note may cause degraded performance and/or unsatisfying operation!

2 General Description 4 FAV_D10024 December 2014 2 General Description 2.1 Introduction This installation and operating manual IM 031.00 contains instructions and descriptions for application, installation, pre-setting operation and testing, as well as interconnecting diagrams of the multi-use FSG 90 VHF/AM Transceiver System of f.u.n.k.e. AVIONICS GmbH, 86807 Buchloe, Germany. 2.2 Models of the FSG 90 System This manual refers to 2 out of 8 models available up to now. A/N F10185, VHF/AM Dual Mode Airband Transceiver FSG 90 Frequency range: 118.000 to 136.975 MHz, channel spacing 8.33 kHz/25 kHz, results in 2,278 channels, and 118.000 to 136.975 MHz, channel spacing 25 kHz, results in 760 channels. Ninety-nine (99) channel memories for combined 8.33/25 kHz mode, additional 99 memory channels for '25 kHz only' mode, 6 W RF carrier output power, 10 - 16.5 Vdc supply. The radio will fit a standard 58 mm dia. / 2¼" dia. instrument panel. IDENT.: MODEL 90-25/8.33 (ED-23B CLASS C / CLASS E RECEIVER, CLASS 4 / CLASS 6 TRANSMITTER). A/N F10302, VHF/AM Dual Mode Airband Transceiver FSG 90-H1 Frequency range: 118.000 to 136.975 MHz, channel spacing 8.33 kHz/25 kHz, results in 2,278 channels, and 118.000 to 136.975 MHz, channel spacing 25 kHz, results in 760 channels. 99 channel memories for combined 8.33/25 kHz mode, additional 99 memory channels for '25 kHz only' mode, 10 W RF carrier output power, 10 - 16.5 Vdc supply. The radio will fit a standard 58 mm dia. / 2¼" dia. instrument panel. IDENT.: MODEL 90-25/8.33-H1 (ED-23B CLASS C / CLASS E RECEIVER, CLASS 4 / CLASS 6 TRANSMITTER). 2.3 Application The equipment is well suited for operation in powered aircraft and helicopter with reciprocating turboprop and turbojet engine. Ultra low power consumption in conjunction with extremely wide DC supply voltage range, small dimensions and wide scope of accessories allow universal airborne applications in any powered aircraft, motor glider and Ultralight, and in glider and balloon, for primary or (also battery supplied) backup operation. Universal use also in ground vehicle, as well as for compact portable cases and for desktop or rack mounted, local or remote controlled, fixed base primary, or (also battery supplied) backup operations, are further applications. Please always ensure suitable antenna solutions! Retrofit installation is achieved against former panel mounted slide-in VHF COM transceivers FSG 40A, FSG 40S, FSG 50, FSG 60M, and panel mounted FSG 70, FSG 71M using adapters.

2 General Description December 2014 FAV_D10024 5 2.4 Brief Description The two radios out of the FSG 90 System are miniaturized, lightweight, panel mounted single block VHF/AM transceivers operating in the airband frequency range 118.000 MHz ... 136.975 MHz. They provide either 2,278 channels with 8.33 kHz/25 kHz channel spacing, plus 760 channels with '25 kHz only' channel spacing, covering a standard communications distance of 100 NM (nautical miles) at FL 70. Case dimensions of all models will fit into a standard 2¼ in. / 58 mm diameter opening of the instrument panel or console (behind panel installation), using four (4) screws. Depth including wiring is 230 mm. All control and display elements are located on the front panel. Connections to the electrical environment are made through a 25-pole D-SUB connector and a BNC female connector at the rear panel of the units. The ICAO channel name (8.33 kHz/25 kHz spacing) and operating frequency (25 kHz spacing), supply indicator, transmit indicator, channel memory number and SET-UP information are all indicated at a two-line Liquid Crystal Display (LCD, can be back-lit). Three operating/display modes are user selectable:  Use/STBY Mode: Active channel name or frequency, selectable standby channel name / frequency  Channel Mode: Active channel name or frequency, associated pre-set channel memory number (1 … 99)  Direct Tune Mode: Active channel name or frequency only. With the Dual Mode models FSG 90(X) up to 99 channel memories in 8.33 kHz / 25 kHz CH spacing (6-digit display), and another set of up to 99 channels in the '25 kHz only' CH spacing (5-digit display) can be pre-set. After change to the other operating mode (from 8.33/25 kHz to 25 kHz only, or from 25 kHz to 8.33/25 kHz), each stored set of up to 99 channel memories remains available. Preset channel memories remain available also after manual or automatic power-off. The non-volatile channel memories of all FSG 90(X) can easily reprogrammed also during flight or ground operation. Programming can be done in the actual mode. Deleting channel memories is possible in each mode (only during SET-UP mode). For ground applications, limitation to use pre-set channel(s) only can be determined in (password protected) SET-UP. Channel name / frequency, or pre-set channel memories are selected with the dual function F/CH switch. Both Transmit and Receive use the same digital frequency synthesizer and one temperature calibrated reference crystal (accuracy 1 ppm in the temperature range from 0°C to +40°C/32°F to 104°F). The dual superhet receiver offers very high immunity against in-band and out-of-band interference and intermodulation (Annex 10 FM immunity).

2 General Description 6 FAV_D10024 December 2014 The automatic AM/FM Squelch (threshold adjustable in 4 levels, SET-UP) and the normally active transmitter blocking during Receive are disabled by pushing the SQ button, and enabled when the SQ button is pushed again. An audio low pass filter for areas using Climax operation in 25 kHz spacing is incorporated. Separate Audio amplifiers power the speaker (4 Watts / 4 Ohms or 8 Watts / 2 Ohms), and the headphones (100 mW / 600 Ohms). The solid-state transmitter is wideband tuned from 118 to 137 MHz and delivers at least an RF carrier power of 6 Watts or 10 Watts for the FSG 90-H1 model. Transmit frequency / channel name is tuned simultaneously with Receive frequency / channel name (Simplex operation). A keyed transmitter is indicated by a transmit symbol at the LC display. Two independent microphone inputs (separate pins) allow universal accessory operation:  For powered aircraft use Standard Carbon, amplified Dynamic or Electret microphones,  For gliders, portable, vehicle mobile and fixed base operation use non-amplified Dynamic microphones. The microphone inputs may also be continuously activated. This allows in Receive continuous intercommunication (no additional accessories needed) between pilot and crew (intercom wiring harness), using headsets. A separate AF input allows interconnection of external audio source(s) especially in aircraft using other COM, VOR/LOC, DME, MKR and/or electric variometers. This allows signal monitoring during Receive by speaker and/or headphone. 30 mA current consumption saving can be achieved in standby mode (Squelch ON), when the FSG 90(X) is used e.g. in portable cases or installations, where no external audio is required for speaker output. However listening through the headphone remains possible. This external AF OFF function may be selected in SET-UP. This reduces the standby current consumption to only 85 mA and will extend battery supplied operating time significantly. The transceiver can be supplied either directly from a 12 - 14 Vdc A/C bus, or through a suitable DC regulator from 28 Vdc-buses. In aircraft (or portable cases) without on-board electric power generation system (UL, Glider etc.), operation from a 12 Vdc battery (min. 6 Ah) is suitable. The DC supply voltage is monitored automatically. When supply drops below 11 Vdc, the Supply Indicator at the LC display starts blinking as a low supply warning. Below 8.5 to 9.5 Vdc, the FSG 90(X) turns OFF itself automatically, and will resume operation with supply above 9.5 to 10 Vdc. The last used settings remain active. A voice processor is incorporated to achieve identical acoustic voice quality during Transmit and Receive, as well as Audio Levelling in Receive, and in addition prevents overmodulation. Usual testing employs sinusoidal tone signals only; this feature especially considers the specific characteristic of the voice. It ensures also VERY HIGH

2 General Description December 2014 FAV_D10024 7 AVERAGE DEPTH OF MODULATION of some 80% AM, causing transmission signals sounding normal and very strong. The radios are equipped with a time out timer. This avoids blocked channel after 2 minutes continuous TX (stuck button does no longer block a channel continuously) and is indicated by a continuously blinking display. Should the malfunction continue the FSG 90(X) is ready for another 2 minutes transmission period when turning OFF and ON again (e.g. for emergency transmissions). The transmitter blocking feature avoids transmission on a busy channel. Transmitter blocking is usually active, but may be disabled permanently in SET-UP or manually by pushing the SQ button.

2 General Description 8 FAV_D10024 December 2014 2.5 System and Type Approval Information The Dual Mode VHF/AM Airband Transceivers FSG 90 and FSG 90-H1 comply for both, the combined 8.33 kHz/25 kHz as well as "25 kHz only" channel spacing, with all applicable National and International Type Approval requirements, for any airborne and ground operations.  JTSO Authorization No. LBA.O.10.911/98 ETSO (LBA Luftfahrt-Bundesamt) based on *EUROCAE ED-23B Airborne requirement is met besides 8.33 kHz requirements also for the 25 kHz ONLY channel spacing. This JTSO Authorization was replaced by ETSO Authorization EASA.21O.1305 in July 2009. This also includes Immunity according to ICAO ANNEX 10 against FM Broadcast Interference. This also includes fulfilment of specific audio filtering required in areas with CLIMAX operation in 25 kHz channel spacing. * Associated EUROCAE ED-14C / RTCA DO-160C Environmental requirements. * Associated EUROCAE ED-12B Software requirements based on ED-23B.  Complianto to BAF requirements according to German FSMusterZulV, EU Regulations 552/2004 and 1079/2012.  BZT No. B132705J, CE Conformity, * Associated with DIN/ISO 7637-1 DC supply in 12 Vdc vehicle.  FCC Compliance with Part 15 (receiver) and Part 87 (transmitter)  EC-Type-Approval of a type of component with regard to Directive 72/245/EEC, as last amended by Directive 2006/28/EG. IMPORTANT!  For the first time after one year, then every 2nd year, ground applications using 8.33 kHz channel spacing require checking of the high precision reference frequency (tolerance less than ± 1 ppm) and recalibration, if necessary!  Every 4th year, airborne applications using 8.33 kHz channel spacing require checking of the high precision reference frequency (tolerance less than ± 5 ppm) and recalibration, if necessary!  All applications in the 25 kHz channel spacing require no recalibration (frequency accuracy tolerance less than ± 20 ppm).  All tolerances include the full operating temperature range of -20°C ... +55°C / -4°F ... +131°F.  Checking and recalibration must be performed by the equipment manufacturer or through authorized and approved avionics services. This requires use of specified test equipment as well as applicable test procedures (software) released by the manufacturer.

2 General Description December 2014 FAV_D10024 9 2.6 Operating License IMPORTANT!  Depending on national regulations, VHF/AM airborne and VHF/AM ground operation may require an individual national operating license. Such license is usually granted by the responsible National Telecommunications Authority, using suitable application forms.  Besides aircraft registration, operator's name, address and operating license payment details, state radio type, Serial number, ETSO number EASA.21O.1305, and RegTP number A132937J, or when applicable, the FCC ID number BVYFSG90. 2.7 Equipment supplied Description Article number Dual Mode 6 Watt VHF/AM Transceiver FSG 90, Installation and Operation manual, Operating instructions, 4 screws M 4 x 12, Warranty 24 months F10185 Dual Mode 10 Watt VHF/AM Transceiver FSG 90-H1, Installation and Operation manual, Operating instructions, 4 screws M 4 x 12, Warranty 24 months F10302

2 General Description 10 FAV_D10024 December 2014 2.8 Optional Accessories Wide accessory scope allows FSG 90(X) installation and operation into aircraft, in ground systems; fixed, portable and mobile into vehicles. Slide-in replacement adapters allow easy FSG 90(X) retrofit against former transceivers FSG 18, FSG 40S, FSG 50, FSG 60M, using existing installations. Description Article no Retrofit adapter, ready mounted – to replace FSG 70/71M F10318 Retrofit adapter, ready mounted – to fit into mounting tray of FSG 50/60M/40S/18 F10315 Retrofit adapter, ready mounted – to replace mounting tray of FSG 50/60M/40S/18, fixing holes left and right F10317 Connector kit, D-SUB 25-pin, incl. mounting hardware F10212 BNC antenna connector, solder type E08980 Wiring harness, 2.9 m/9.5 ft., complete with all connectors F10189 Intercom wiring harness, 2.9 m/9.5 ft., complete with IC switch F10190 Aircraft loudspeaker 4 Ω / 30 Watt, small, robust case, two 5-pole sockets to connect 2 microphones or headsets, terminal for PTT key, fits harness F10189 or F10190, F10061 Dynamic headset, noise cancelling, coiled cord, 4-pole plug U-174/U W00048 Adapter cable for headset W00048, to fit F10061 A/C speaker F10036 Dynamic goose neck microphone 600 Ω, 3 m/9.8 ft. cable, 5-pole connector, especially for gliders and motor gliders F10039 Dynamic microphone, for PC portable, and for car mobile use, coiled cord, PTT key, 5-pole plug F10041 Retaining bracket, fits microphone F10041 E24907 Dynamic fist microphone, 500 Ω, coiled cord, PTT key, 5-pole plug F10346 Microphone bracket, to keep microphone F10346 W00087 Dynamic microphone-loudspeaker, coiled cord, PTT key, 5-pole plug, sealed F10042 PTT key, 3.5 m/11.5 ft. cable, permanent installation on the yoke F10050 Inline PTT key U-94A/U, coiled cord, 5-pole plug, mates A/C speaker F10061 or Portable Cases PC / PS and headset A/N W00048, clip allows attaching to clothing F10125 Battery Box, 12 Vdc/7.2 Ah lead battery, sturdy steel/aluminium case, mounting plate for quick removal, 6.3 A circuit breaker, 5-LED battery test set, 3-pole DIN socket, mating 3-pole DIN plug F10382 Automatic battery charger DL-50A, 115/230 Vac. Output 13.8 Vdc / 600 mA. For all airborne and portable 12 V lead batteries F10385 Car mounting bracket F10058

2 General Description December 2014 FAV_D10024 11 2.9 Equipment required but not supplied a) VHF aircraft antenna with coax cable RG-58C/U and BNC connector (Male) b) Headphone (8 ... 600 Ohms, typical) and/or loudspeaker (2 ... 16 Ohms) c) Non-amplified dynamic microphone, (4 ... 600 Ohm), or amplified/carbon microphone (amplified dynamic or Electret mike), with or without PTT key (separate mike inputs amplified/non-amplified) d) Alternatively to b) and c) headsets with similar specifications e) Battery Box 12 Vdc, minimum 6 Ah, for aircraft without electrical system f) Push-to-talk key permanently installed on yoke (if microphone w/out PTT key is used) g) 25 pole D-SUB connector type DA-25 S and cover, if no pre-manufactured wiring harness exists. 2.10 Information on Equipment Reliability For use of the equipment as a ground-based radio station under normal operating conditions (0° - 40°C operating temperature), a Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) of > 9,600 hours was calculated (according to MIL-HDBK-217F). Mean Time to Repair (MTTR) will depend on shipment times. A standard turn-around time for factory repairs will be approx. 2 weeks.

2 General Description 12 FAV_D10024 December 2014 2.11 Microphone hints IMPORTANT! a) Radio system reliability and performance significantly depends on quality acoustic accessories. b) Extremely high performance requirements - especially for 8.33 kHz Technology - demand after installation completion proper acoustics levelling through SET-UP in order to maintain best radio capability. Therefore, please do not use low performance acoustics accessories. c) Dynamic microphone requires shielded wiring. Essential requirement is consequent separation of microphone ground / shield from any other ground. This means, dynamic mike ground / shield must be separated from any other grounds for DC input and DC output, AF input and AF output like speaker, phone, PTT and external AF input. Other grounds for DC input and output, speaker, phone, PTT and external AF may be connected together with the amplified mike ground. d) Amplified microphones may contain dynamic or Electret acoustics transducers. e) Always ensure IDENTICAL microphones are used for parallel operation. Similar requirements are applicable for headphone characteristics. f) Always ensure that during SET-UP all of the many FSG 90(X) functions are adjusted to achieve optimized radio system performance. g) Operation of amplified microphone systems close to the radiating antenna (portable case or located right behind of the cockpit) may be influenced from strong antenna RF field strength and become unstable, oscillates, or causes modulation distortion. Verify this effects -possible caused by- by RF replacing the radiating antenna against artificial antenna / RF dummy load temporarily

2 General Description December 2014 FAV_D10024 13 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

3 Installation 14 FAV_D10024 December 2014 3 Installation 3.1 General This Section contains instructions and suggestions to be considered before installing the radio FSG 90(X) into an aircraft. Close adherence to these suggestions will assure more satisfactory performance from the equipment. Information in this section is intended for certified avionics shops only. Work such as installation, wiring and testing should only be carried out by a qualified technician! IMPORTANT!  If installation into an aircraft is made by other than a certified avionics shop, you have to consult your responsible Aircraft Avionics Airworthiness Inspector - before the installation – to get authorized certification of your completed installation.  The conditions and tests required for ETSO and FAA-TSO approval of this article are minimum performance standards. It is the responsibility of those desiring to install this article either on or within a specific type or class of aircraft to determine that the aircraft installation conditions are within the ETSO or FAA-TSO Standards. If not within the ETSO or FAA- TSO standards, the article may be installed only if further evaluation by the applicant documents an acceptable installation and is approved by the Administrator. 3.2 Unpacking and Inspecting Equipment Unpack the equipment carefully and inspect each item for evidence of damage incurred during shipment. FSG 90 model number and serial number must comply with relevant details mentioned in Airworthiness Approval Tag and delivery note details attached to the shipment. If a damage claim must be filed, save the shipping container and all packing materials to substantiate your claim. The claim should be filed with the transportation company as soon as possible. If a damage is noted after the first test, notify the transportation company in writing with advance phone or fax advice about hidden transport damage. A copy of such a claim including all information from the type label is to be forwarded immediately also to f.u.n.k.e. AVIONICS GmbH. 3.3 Pre-installation Test Before installing the radio into an aircraft, vehicle or portable carrying case, a short but comprehensive functional test by a certified avionics shop is recommended. a) Interconnect the radio with a test wiring harness (according to figure 3-1 or 3-2) to the test bench set-up. For FSG 90 set supply to 13.8 Vdc at radio input terminals. For FSG 90-H1 set supply to 14.0 Vdc at radio input terminals. Turn ON the radio with the ON/OFF-VOL switch on front panel. Switch OFF the Squelch (push SQ button).

3 Installation December 2014 FAV_D10024 15 b) In Receive Mode set the VOL control to mid position. On all channels within 118 ... 136.975 MHz, almost identical, strong, continuous acoustic noise must be audible. c) Receiver sensitivity on all channels must comply with technical data (make sensitivity tests to cover the whole frequency range). d) Switch ON the Squelch (push SQ button again). The squelch threshold (depending on SET-UP pre-setting) shall be within 0.5 µV and 5 µV / 50 Ohms (vary signal generator output level). e) Connect a 50-Ohm Wattmeter and a 20 or 30 dB throughline RF attenuator pad. Key the transmitter and check RF output level (more than 6 W carrier or more than 10 W carrier for FSG 90-H1 model). f) Adjust audio generator to 1,000 Hz (via attenuator for dynamic microphone or directly via decoupling capacitor) connected to Amplified/Carbon Microphone Input With 100 mV rms input, the transmitter shall achieve more than 70% AM. Increase AF input to 1.0 V rms, observe modulation envelope, no overmodulation shall occur; depth of modulation must remain less than 95% AM. Dynamic Microphone Input With some 1 mV rms input, the transmitter shall achieve more than 70% AM (depending on SET-UP pre-setting). Increase AF input to 10 mV rms and observe modulation envelope. No overmodulation shall occur; depth of modulation must remain less than 95% AM. 3.4 Particular Remarks to FSG 90(X) transmitter modulation For the combined 8.33 kHz and 25 kHz channel spacing airband radio technology, highly demanding, and specific requirements shall be comprehensively considered as follows: 1. Voice modulation with its typical dynamic peaks (fast and large level changes) shall modulate the transmitter with peak AM depth of less than 85%. 2. Factory setting of the very specific FSG 90(X) voice processor results in a remarkable AVERAGE of approximately 80% AM depth (voice and Sine modulation!). Thus, optimized usage of the RF carrier is achieved. 3. Do not change this setting, otherwise the stringent Transmitter Spectrum Mask is no longer maintained. 4. The FSG 90 System incorporates a special VOICE PROCESSOR, which is matched best to meet the requirements of the particular environmental noise level situation. a) This ensures a always loud and clear transmitter modulation, under consideration of specific test requirements. b) Due to the voice processor voice signal transfer is IDENTICAL in both the 8.33 kHz and in the 25 kHz channel spacing mode. c) Even under these very specific conditions, fulfilment of the critical, highly demanding Spectrum Mask is achieved. 5. Although due to the specific voice processor compression of modulation peaks, when tested with maximum sine wave modulation signal, a conventional testing of "standard modulation distortion measurements" is possible. This does however refer

3 Installation 16 FAV_D10024 December 2014 only to sine wave testing. It will be therefore higher than the usual 2% ... 10% sinus modulation distortion, but will stay far below the maximum allowed 25% modulation distortion factor with sinus modulation. 6. Therefore, evaluation of the effectively occupied total transmitter band width (spectrum mask) is the only true, real measurement method. Such measurements can be made only with specific test set-up. 7. For tests of the FSG 90(X) modulation capability, a sine modulation signal is useful only below some 70% AM depth, and is on the other hand helpful only in determining of possible overmodulation, but is not applicable to judge "voice distortion" anymore. 100 µF Audio Gen Audio Mic 18 5 6 4 1 13 2 14 17 7 23 11 12 10 25 3 Amplified/Carbon Microphone Dynamic Microphone (HI) Dynamic Microphone (LO) AF External Loudspeaker OUT Power Ground Headphone (HI) OUT Microphone GND Push-to Talk Switch Intercom Display Lighting (HI) +13.8 Vdc Power +13.8 Vdc Power Display Lighting (LO) Power Ground Headphone (LO) OUT FSG 90(X) Antenna Audio Generator 51 Ω 560 Ω Scope Distortion Analyzer and Millivolt Meter AF Phone AF Speaker Power Supply 13.8/14.0 Vdc at least 5 A  VHF Signal Generator R&S, SMG AF Millivolt Meter Dynamic microphone/s or amp/carbon microphone/s Equivalent resistor 4  / 5 Watt Headphone 4 - 600  + - A V Audio Mic Audio Gen Amp Mic (open) Dyn. Mic DA-25S UG88C/U Amp Mic Dyn. Mic Speaker 2-200   Transmitter Check  Receiver Check Modulation Analyzer  Distortion Analyzer  Scope  Frequency Counter > 15 W Dummy load, if required  VHF Wattmeter DO NOT wire other pins than noted! Always turn OFF the radio first before connecting or disconnecting the D-SUB connector Fig. 3-1: FSG 90 System Test Set-up

3 Installation December 2014 FAV_D10024 17 100 µF Dyn. microphone/s or amp/carbon microphone/s Audio Mic DO NOT wire other pins than noted! Equivalent resistor 4 Ω / 5 Watt 18 5 6 4 1 13 2 14 17 7 23 11 12 10 25 3 Amplified/Carbon Microphone Dynamic Microphone (HI) Dynamic Microphone (LO) AF External Loudspeaker OUT Power Ground Headphone (HI) OUT Microphone GND Push-to Talk Switch Intercom Display Lighting (HI) +13.8 Vdc Power +13.8 Vdc Power Display Lighting (LO) Power Ground Headphone (LO) OUT FSG 90(X) Antenna 51 Ω 560 Ω Audio Phone Audio Speaker Headphone 4 - 600 Ω Power Supply 13.8 /14.0 Vdc at least 5 A + - A V Audio Mic Audio Gen Amp Mic (open) Dyn. Mic DA-25S UG88C/U Amp Mic Dyn. Mic Audio Gen Speaker 2-200 Ω ROHDE & SCHWARZ RADIOCOMMUNICATION TESTER CMT/CMTA Always turn OFF the radio first before connecting or disconnecting the D-SUB connector Fig. 3-2: FSG 90 System Test Set-up using CMT/CMTA

3 Installation 18 FAV_D10024 December 2014 3.5 Mechanical Installation 3.5.1 Transceiver installation Any radio installation into an aircraft shall be coordinated with both the licensed inspector who certifies the installation, and with the aircraft manufacturer's installation instructions. Certifying the aircraft installation may be subject to specific National Regulations. FSG 90(X) VHF/AM transceivers are designed to be installed into the instrument panel or operating console from its rear side into a standard 2¼ in. / 58 mm diameter panel opening. Dimensions and positioning of the 4 fixing holes refer to Figure 3-4. Select a radio location distant to heat sources. All equipment controls shall be readily accessible from the pilot's normal seated position. The appropriate operator/crew member(s) shall have an unobstructed view of the display when in the normal seated position. Leave sufficient room (at least 230 mm / 9 in.) behind the front panel for wiring accommodation. Fixing of the transceiver is achieved by use of four (4) cross recessed Pan head screws M 4 x 12 mm (supplied). These screws are sufficient for panel thickness between 2 mm and 5 mm (1/16 in. …3/16 in). 3.5.2 Compass deviation Compass deviation caused by FSG 90 is less than 30 cm for 1° deflection. (Category Z in accordance with EUROCAE ED-14C / RTCA DO-160C environmental test conditions). Compass Deviation Distance 0.5° 13 cm/5.1 in. 1.0° 10 cm/3.9 in. 1.5° 9.25 cm/3.7 in. 2.0° 9.0 cm/3.6 in. 2.5° 8.25 cm/3.3 in. 3.0° 7.5 cm/3 in. 0 1 2 5 10 13 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 x x x x x x Distance [cm] Compass Deviation [ ° ] Fig. 3-3: Deviation of a compass by an operating FSG 90, depends on the distance between compass centre and contour of transceiver

3 Installation December 2014 FAV_D10024 19 Fig. 3-4: FSG 90(X) Dimensions Installation Drawing  4.5  58 47  0.2 47  0.2 Cutout to be prepared or Standard 2¼" panel opening BACK-PANEL MOUNTING

3 Installation 20 FAV_D10024 December 2014 3.5.3 Antenna installation Your radio FSG 90(X) is only as good as the antenna! For operation, a vertical polarized 50-Ohm broadband aircraft COM antenna is required. The antenna must be able to radiate RF energy evenly and omnidirectional:  First of all, look up the aircraft's manual for antenna installation instructions.  The antenna installation location must be carefully planned. It would be the best to consult the aircraft certifying inspector. In order to achieve best results into all directions, installation instructions must be fully complied with.  For aircraft with metal fuselage, we recommend a rod antenna. The antenna is mounted vertically (as possible) on or under the fuselage. Location should be even away from horizontally screening metal parts like propeller, undercarriage, vertical metal fins etc., for maximum radio range into all (horizontal) directions.  Distance to other aircraft antennas, like another COM, NAV antenna, should be at least 1.5 m/5 ft. When using two radios FSG 90(X), a distance of 1 m/3.3 ft. between COM antennas is sufficient.  The antenna mounting area should be as flat as possible.  The metallic contact between aircraft surface/structure and the antenna cable outer conductor (shield) must be robust. The electrical contact shall remain continuously good safe against vibration.  For wood and fiberglass (GRP) aircraft, 3 or 4 aluminium counter weight strips (ea. 60 cm/2 ft. long - 5 cm/2 in. wide) are recommended, but shall be placed (mostly) horizontally with a (if possible rectangular) shape as a star or cross.  These as star or cross placed counter weights must be centrally screwed together with the antenna socket, with continuous, electrically good contact.  Alternatively, for aircraft with non-metallic surface structure inside the fuselage, a metal foil (min. 60 x 60 cm/2 ft. x 2 ft.) can be stuck in. The antenna socket will then be placed in the foil centre, together with a metallic ground contact support plate.  For aircraft with fuselage and/or tail-fin made of non-conductive material, a vertical folded top antenna is suitable. Installation is made preferably during manufacturing the tail-fin. IMPORTANT: Carbon fibre is conducting and may shield the antenna!  Careful sealing of all openings of the outer skin is mandatory. Make sure, that electrical contacts remain continuously good, even under bad environmental conditions.  Use only high quality 50-Ω coax cable type RG-58C/U. Avoid any sharp cable bend (radius > 50 mm), and any excessive coax cable length.  Place all wiring including antenna cable distant to other wiring which carries heavy AC currents, and distant to any aircraft controls.

3 Installation December 2014 FAV_D10024 21  Any operating kinematics, trimming and all control handles must be absolutely free in all directions.  Ensure the BNC antenna plug is not shortened between inner and outer connector (Ohmmeter). Resistance 0.0 Ω indicates a short inside antenna connector, while some 0.6 to 1 Ω indicates the antenna cable resistance, while an internally (static) protected antenna is used. A simple rod antenna is tested for low resistive contact between inner cable conductor and radiator, and outer conductor to counter weight.  Check the antenna matching using 50-Ω SWR meter over the whole frequency range for SWR < 3:1. It may be helpful or necessary to change slightly the length of the middle radiator, or counter weight length for optimized antenna efficiency and matching.  REMEMBER: A good antenna is the best RF amplifier!

3 Installation 22 FAV_D10024 December 2014 3.6 Airborne wiring Refer to Figures 3-5 to 3-7 of on-board wiring. 3.6.1 General recommendations  Always ensure continuously good, stable electrical contacts, and efficient RF interference suppression of all electrical systems like generator/alternator, ignition etc., especially consider vibration and corrosion effects. Consult the aircraft installation licensing inspector.  Do not allow the harness to droop between clamps, especially if it is a heavy harness.  Do not allow the wires in the harness to be exposed to sharp surfaces or ride against any movable surface.  Do not install without allowing for service loops, this will help to prevent undue stress on the connectors and allow for easier repair of wire terminations.  Do not allow harness to route through high heat areas without adequate thermo protection.  Do not install harnesses in areas that are subject to chemical damage.  Radio wiring shall be located most distant to other, high AC currents carrying leads. Route all wiring including antenna cable distant from aircraft control and handling components. Place DC power lines at least 15 cm away from compass.  Use only aviation grade wiring material (LN 9251 resp. LN 9253) in self-extinguishing quality, and with > 500 Volt isolation.  Prescribed cable diameters must be complied with.  Ground loops must be avoided.  Cables are soldered to the DA-25S connector. Solder joints shall be supported by shrinking or rubber sleeves. Cable connector case mounting shall not clamp or damage the wiring.  The FSG 90(X) is protected against reversed polarity only when using a suitable DC supply protection fuse. For 6 Watt models, we suggest a 3.15 Amp quick acting fuse, or an automatic 3 Amp circuit breaker. For 10 W models (suffix "-H1"), we suggest a 5 Amp quick acting fuse, or an automatic 5 Amp circuit breaker. Without proper fuse protection, the radio unit may become severely damaged, warranty validity terminates.  Power bus circuit breakers are to be mounted in the A/C breaker panel or instrument panel such that they will be accessible in flight and safe from physical damage.  Before first connection to the FSG 90(X) radio is made, carefully cross-check all wiring details, especially DC supply polarity.  Secure the connected accessory plug by the sliding lock to avoid unwanted connector loosening.  For ease of installation, prefabricated wiring harnesses for all kind of aircraft are available from FSG 90(X) radio manufacturer.

3 Installation December 2014 FAV_D10024 23  Electronic variometers seldom comply with airborne type approval requirements. All of the known models at printing time of this manual have to our knowledge a too high radiated RF interference emission. In transmit mode, the operator may even be faced with radio energy based functional variometer influence. Slight improvement may be achieved when the variometer wiring is both shielded and routed not in parallel but distant to the radio wiring. Eventually, short but bulky grounding contacts between all radio and variometer cases may improve this E-variometer RF susceptibility. Further measures to improve RF immunity may be obtained from variometer manufacturer.

3 Installation 24 FAV_D10024 December 2014 Display Lighting turns ON/OFF with radio's ON/OFF switch A/C Speaker out Headphone (HI) out Headphone (LO) out AF External Dynamic Microphone (HI) Dynamic Microphone (LO) Intercom RTS RxD Display Lighting LO +13.75 V A/C Power + 13.75 V A/C Power Power Ground Microphone GND RX Signal AF Sum PTT Switch Amp/Carbon Microphone AF Modem out CTS Data Ground TxD +13.75 V Lighting HI Switched 13.3 Vdc OUT Power Ground FSG 90(X) Antenna cable RG 58 C/U A/C antenna 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Antenna #18-#20 AWG 0.6-0.75 mm² blue A/C Power Supply, Lead Battery 12 V/ 7.2 Ah e.g. F10382 yel vio 1 2 3 4 5 A/C Speaker 30 W/4 Ω A/N F10061 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 bwn wht grn Stick PTT switch/es (as required) To connect a 2nd microphone with PTT switch or a 2nd headset PTT switch (as required) Dynamic microphone Headphone (as required) + - #18-#20 AWG 0.6-0.75 mm² red 1 3 Headset or dynamic microphone with built-in PTT switch 9 8 NOTES: DO NOT wire other pins than noted! Unless otherwise noted, all wires are #22 AWG (0.3 -0.4 mm²). Built-in circuit breaker when using f.u.n.k.e. Battery A/C Power Supply, A/N F10382. Length of pre-fabricated wire harness F10189: 2.9 m/ 9.5 ft. and coax antenna cable are not included in wire harness F10189! Always turn OFF the radio first before connecting or disconnecting the D-SUB connector Fig. 3-5: FSG 90 System Hook-up Diagram using wire harness F10189 1 - 2 Dynamic Microphone(s)

3 Installation December 2014 FAV_D10024 25 A/C Speaker out Headphone (HI) out Headphone (LO) out AF External Dynamic Microphone (HI) Dynamic Microphone (LO) Intercom RTS RxD Display Lighting LO +13.75 V A/C Power + 13.75 V A/C Power Power Ground Microphone GND RX Signal AF Sum PTT Switch Amp/Carbon Microphone AF Modem out CTS Data Ground TxD +13.75 V Lighting HI Switched 13.3 Vdc OUT Power Ground FSG 90(X) Antenna cable RG 58 C/U A/C Antenna 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Antenna Dimmer or lighting switch (not included in wire harness) A/C Power Supply Lead-Calcium Battery 12 V/ 7.2 Ah e.g. F10382 yel vio 1 2 3 4 5 A/C Speaker 10 W/4 Ω A/N F10061 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 bwn wht grn Stick PTT switch/es (as required) To connect a 2nd dyn. hand-held microphone with PTT switch or a 2nd headset PTT Switch (as required) Dynamic Microphone Headphone (as required) + - #18-#20 AWG 0.6-0.75 mm² red #18-#20 AWG 0.6-0.75 mm² blue 1 3 Headset or hand- held dynamic microphone with PTT switch INTERCOM- Switch ON  OFF 9 8 NOTES: DO NOT wire other pins than noted! Unless otherwise noted, all wires are #22 AWG (0.3 -0.4 mm²). Intercom operation requires a microphone, which provides audio OUT with the PTT key de-energized (not keyed). Built-in circuit breaker when using f.u.n.k.e. Battery A/C Power Supply, A/N F10382. Length of pre-fabricated wire harness F10190: 2.9 m/ 9.5 ft. and coax antenna cable are not included in wire harness F10190! Always turn OFF the radio first before connecting or disconnecting the D-SUB connector Fig. 3-6: FSG 90 System Hook-up Diagram using wire harness F10190 1 - 2 Dynamic Microphone(s) and Intercom

3 Installation 26 FAV_D10024 December 2014 13.75 V Lighting HI from Dimmer or lighting switch A/C Speaker out Headphone (HI) out Headphone (LO) out AF External Dynamic Microphone (HI) Dynamic Microphone (LO) Intercom RTS RxD Display Lighting LO +13.75 V A/C Power + 13.75 V A/C Power Power Ground Microphone GND RX Signal AF Sum PTT Switch Amp/Carbon Microphone AF Modem out CTS Data Ground TxD +13.75 V Lighting HI Switched 13.3 Vdc OUT Power Ground FSG 90(X) Antenna cable RG 58 C/U A/C antenna 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Antenna + - #18 AWG 1 mm² red #18 AWG 1 mm² blue INTERCOM- Switch  OFF  ON A/C POWER 13.75 Vdc/ 14.0 Vdc *Built-in stick PTT switch Pilot Amplified/Carbon microphone *with PTT switch 1 2 A/N E08639 Headphone Jack JJ-034 1 2 1 2 3 Microphone Jack JJ-033 A/N E08640 1 2 3 Headphone Plug PJ-055 A/N E08941 Microphone Plug PJ-068, A/N E08942 Pilot Headphone Copilot Amplified/Carbon microphone *with PTT switch 1 2 A/N E08639 Headphone Jack JJ-034 1 2 1 2 3 Microphone Jack JJ-033 A/N E08640 1 2 3 Headphone Plug PJ-055 A/N E08941 Microphone Plug PJ-068, A/N E08942 Copilot Headphone 1 or 2 A/C speaker 4  to   AF External input e.g. COM 2, NAV, MKR Audio OUT to Audio Panel (as required) 470 R 470 R  #20 AWG #20 AWG DA-25S NOTES: DO NOT wire other pins than noted! Unless otherwise noted, all wires are #22 AWG (0.3 -0.4 mm²). Unless otherwise noted, all Power Grounds are airframe grounds. Intercom operation requires a microphone that provides audio OUT with the PTT key de- energized (not keyed). Intercom operation requires a selector switch, double pole, double throw. Terminate audio shields at one end only. Mount the Power bus circuit breakers in the A/C breaker panel or instrument panel such that they will be accessible in flight and safe from physical damage. * PTT Key/s either at hand-held microphone/s or installed on the yoke.  Wiring without Intercom: connect A/C speaker direct to pins 1 and 3.  If more than one AF source isolation resistors 470 Ohm shall be installed.  6 W model: Fuse 3.15 Amp quick acting, or circuit breaker 3 Amp. 10 W model: Fuse 5 Amp quick acting, or circuit breaker 5 Amp. Always turn OFF the radio first before connecting or disconnecting the D-SUB connector Fig. 3-7: FSG 90 System Hook-up Diagram 2 Amplified/Carbon Microphones and Intercom

3 Installation December 2014 FAV_D10024 27 3.6.2 Microphone Connection Independent of each other, almost any non-amplified dynamic microphone, or amplified Electret or amplified dynamic or carbon standard microphones can be connected to the FSG 90 System, without internal jumper setting or soldering. A amplified/carbon microphone is connected to pin 18, a dynamic microphone is connected to pin 5 of the 25-pole D-SUB receptacle. Avoid any ground loop in microphone wiring (dynamic non-amplified mike shield shall not be connected to any other aircraft wiring, except directly at the assigned pin in the accessory connector). Up to two IDENTICAL microphones for pilot and co-pilot can be operated in parallel simultaneously. Even two low impedance (4 Ohm) dynamic microphones may be connected in parallel as well. However, for microphones with less than 30 Ohms, it may be necessary to use a suitable microphone transformer. The associated microphone ground (shield) for dynamic microphones must be consequently routed galvanically isolated, in order to avoid any ground loop. This means, dynamic mike ground/shield must be separated from any other grounds for DC input or DC output, AF input and AF output like speaker, phone, PTT and external Audio). In this context, due to the extremely wide mike input level adjustment range, it is mandatory to understand that correctly matched FSG 90(X) mike input sensitivity (SET- UP) will be good ONCE FOREVER for this configuration and to ensure stable operation without audio feedback. IMPORTANT!  NEVER use the 3-pole mike connector type PJ-069 when using non- amplified dynamic microphones, because ground for mike and PTT is identical. This would create a ground loop and cause unstable / distorted modulation. This PJ-068 is allowed only for amplified/carbon mikes.  However, the PJ-068/PJ-55 connector system must be regularly cleaned; contacts shall have sufficient spring-loaded force. This is especially mandatory under vibration operating conditions.

3 Installation 28 FAV_D10024 December 2014 3.6.3 Intercom (IC) Intercom is suitable for twin seater aircraft with noisy cockpit. Intercom as well as radio operation should employ suitable aircraft headsets which must be matched properly to the transceiver (refer to SET-UP). Hand-held microphones may be useful for intercom, if audio is not switched/keyed ON / OFF by the PTT function. Keying the mike audio may cause awful cracks, depending on mike technology. To control the intercom capability, aircraft radio wiring must have a two-pole toggle switch (refer to figure 3-6 or 3-7). The intercom switch disconnects the loudspeaker during IC operation in the IC ON position. Simultaneously, pin 7 of the 25-pole connector is set to ground to select IC ON by continuously activating the microphone amplifier input signal. With the IC switch in "ON" position it is possible anytime to perform normal transmitting (with the normal PTT key), it also allows continuous intercommunication during receive between pilot and co-pilot/crew (no PTT action is required for any IC operation). During receiving, while IC is ON, both the IC loudness and external audio volume are temporarily reduced to improve receive intelligibility. Receiving volume is set on the FSG 90(X) front panel (VOL), while intercom volume can be optimized by SET-UP adjustment. 3.6.4 Loudspeaker / Headset interconnection Two separate AF output exist. The speaker output pin 1 can continuously supply up to two speakers each with 4 Ohms (load > 2 Ohms), while the headphone audio output pins 2 and 3 can accommodate up to 2 or more headphones each with some 600 Ohms, or all may be connected also simultaneously. When no speaker is installed, Pin 1 may remain not connected, no spare load is required. CAUTION!  The magnet compass is deflected by the speaker's magnetic field.  Therefore, when using the f.u.n.k.e. compact speaker box F10061, a minimum distance of 1.3 m/4.3 ft. between compass and speaker is required.

3 Installation December 2014 FAV_D10024 29 3.6.5 AF External Operation The AF external input pin 4 may be connected to any external (selectable) audio output of any other audio source. 1 Volt rms is necessary to obtain maximum audio volume. Higher AF input may cause audio distortion. External AF will be audible only in Receive mode and in Standby mode, and may be heard in both speaker and headphones. During transmit, the external AF input is disabled. Continuous interconnection of an external audio source(s) will be suitable especially in aircraft using just one COM and one NAV. The NAV headphone output may then be connected directly to the FSG 90(X) external AF input. This allows in addition to the receiving and intercom function also the simultaneous listening of COM and NAV audio either by headphones or by speaker. Interconnection of more than one external audio source requires additional external decoupling/isolation resistors (470 Ohms, refer to figure 3-7). The individual audio volume is set directly at the particular external equipment. IMPORTANT!  If external audio sources should be audible via A/C speaker, the external AF input must be enabled in the SET-UP. The 30 mA current saving in Standby Mode is then disabled. To achieve in External Audio operation the maximum FSG 90(X) audio output power, a minimum AF input level of 1 Volt rms is required (approx. 10 kOhm input impedance). Interconnecting AF wiring must use shielded wires in order to avoid interference from strong electrical fields. An eventually magnetic interference coupling shall be especially regarded (distance from high current carrying wiring). 3.6.6 Lighting the Frequency Display IMPORTANT!  Lighting is turned on or off via a separate input, but can be controlled by the radio, if desired.  In order to save current while supplied from battery an external suitable illumination switch is suggested. The FSG 90(X) includes an LC display which can be back-lit. Pin 23 may be connected either directly to the 13.8 Vdc A/C power (perhaps via a suitable dimmer), or to the switched DC output Pin 24. For display lighting from a 28 Vdc A/C supply, insert a 680 Ohm resistor / 0.5 W, connected in series. CAUTION!  This way of matching to 28 Volt is only suitable for the lighting!  The FSG 90(X) always requires a 12 to 14 Volts DC supply. 3.6.7 Connection to a 28 Vdc airborne system Interconnection of the FSG 90(X) transceivers to a 28 Vdc supply requires a capable voltage converter. Interconnection wiring shall be according to instructions of the DC converter manufacturer. For lighting interconnection, refer to Section 3.5.6.

3 Installation 30 FAV_D10024 December 2014 3.7 Post-installation Check 3.7.1 Testing on the Ground with Engine Off Verification after installation completion After installing the unit, check all aircraft control movements to be sure no electrical cable interfere with their operation. All aircraft and radio functions shall be tested after installation completion to identify, whether malfunctions caused by mechanical and/or electrical installation work occurs. This must be performed by an authorized aircraft electronics inspector. Testing of antenna matching between the FSG 90(X) antenna socket (BNC) and the BNC antenna cable connector is required, using a suitable 50 Ohm VHF Reflectometer (VSWR meter), or a directional Wattmeter. The SWR must be less than 3 : 1 over the full frequency range, tested at least in 1 MHz steps (reflected power shall be less than 25% of the forward RF power output). If this limit is exceeded, this indicates a mismatched antenna and may be caused by wrong antenna radiator or counterweight length/dimensions, poor contacts, or damaged or unsuitable (no 50 Ohm) coaxial cable. In order to optimize radio range, it is suggested to care for an SWR of less than 2 : 1 (reflected power shall be less than 11% of the forward RF power output). IMPORTANT! If the antenna is belly mounted, perform antenna matching measurements if possible in flight, or at least while the fuselage is lifted upwards, using wood/non-metallic supporting material. This avoids antenna mismatch caused from ground proximity. Using known, but distant located fixed stations (VOLMET, ATIS) will also help in determining the radio range, especially in comparison with known, other radio range results of another aircraft at the same position on the ground at a known airfield location, or outside of the hangar or workshop. 3.7.2 Ground checks with engine running It must be ensured that the aircraft's electrical DC system voltage at the FSG 90(X) input terminals is within the tolerances permitted at 14 Vdc (or 28 V with DC converter). Battery only supplied systems operate from 10 to 16.5 Vdc. Such testing requires normal RPM rated at cruising speed. This testing evaluates both, the audio / noise influence and the RF radio range, at least from 10 to 30 km distance to the ground radio station. With cruising RPM, cabin noise background content shall almost not exist. Instead, loud and clear communications shall be achieved! The microphone shall be in both Transmit and Intercom Mode placed right at the lips in order to obtain maximum voice level at lowest cabin noise content. Speak loud and clear. Verify proper microphone sensitivity setting during SET-UP adjustments prior to the first flight/on ground. If possible, verify the communications capability also on both the low and high end of the VHF COM band.

3 Installation December 2014 FAV_D10024 31 If noise (both with Squelch On and Off) occurs only with the engine running, and if its frequency varies with the engine revolutions, it may be caused by an inadequate suppressed ignition system or alternator/voltage regulator equipment, or by poor stabilized on-board supply. According to ED-14C / RTCA DO-160C requirements, the limits for ripple voltages at 14 Vdc supplies are 0.79 Vpp at 0.2 ... 1 kHz, or 1.98 Vpp at 1 ... 15 kHz. Double these limits for 28 V systems. It is easier to determine in Receive Mode between RF and AF (interference carried on the lines) by temporary removing the antenna plug at the transceiver. RF interference, which usually comes from the ignition or generator/regulator will then disappear. Ripple on the lines can be detected with an oscilloscope. Its source is usually the generator equipment in conjunction with a poor battery, or poor wiring (bad contacts, defective switches, inadequate wiring dimensions, ground loops (more than one ground connection to the airframe). RF interfering distortion is often caused by bad contacts in the antenna system, or other vibration depending on metal part contacts varying with the engine RPM. A noise attenuating headphone assists typical acoustic failure characteristics identification.

4 Functional Description 32 FAV_D10024 December 2014 4 Functional Description 4.1 Introduction This Section contains a functional description of each switch, push button, knob, indicator, display and socket located on the front or rear of the FSG 90(X) together with operating instructions. Onboard Supply Indicator STO Push Button: Stores adjustments ON/OFF-VOL Switch: Turns radio ON/OFF and selects audio volume Transmit Indicator (appears when transmitting) Fixing Screws M 4  12 USE Frequency/Channel name in MHz/kHz: 6 digits displayed: 8.33/25 kHz Mode 5 digits displayed: 25 kHz only Mode MD Push Button: Changes operation mode and corresponding display Transfer Push Button: shifts lower line STBY frequency/channel name to upper line USE frequency/channel name and vice versa SQ Push Button: Enables/disables "SQUELCH" and switches ON/OFF "TRANSMITTER BLOCKING" STBY frequency/channel name or Channel Memory Number or no display (or SETUP) F/CH-Switch: Turning changes frequency/channel name or Channel Memory Number, Pushing changes access from MHz to kHz and vice versa Fig. 4-1: Operator's Controls and Indicators 4.2 Operator's Controls Control Description/Function ON/OFF-VOL Rotary step switch To turn ON the radio rotate the ON/OFF-VOL knob clockwise from the OFF position (dot). When power is activated  all segments of the display are momentarily visible,  the automatic squelch is activated,  the display shows the frequency/ channel name in that Operating Mode, which was used before last turning OFF. Rotating the ON/OFF-VOL knob clockwise increases - turning counter- clockwise decreases the audio volume audible in the a/c loudspeaker (Receive only) or connected headphone (TX Sidetone and Receive). To turn OFF the radio rotate the ON/OFF-VOL knob fully counterclockwise (ccw) to the OFF position (dot). Blank display.

4 Functional Description December 2014 FAV_D10024 33 SQ (SQUELCH) Push button After turning ON the radio FSG 90(X) the automatic squelch is always active. Momentarily pushing the SQ-Button  puts the radio into the SQ-OFF mode (overrides the automatic squelch). Basic receiving noise is also audible during standby. Maximum receiving range. Increased current consumption.  'Transmitter Blocking' is inactive, i.e. transmitting is possible even if the channel is busy. Momentarily pushing the SQ-Button once again  puts the radio into the standard operating mode, automatic squelch is active. No receiving, noise during standby. Only reception of signals above SQ threshold to be heard.  When the squelch is active 'Transmitter Blocking' is active, i.e. transmitting is only possible when the channel is not busy. Note: For certain purposes 'Transmitter Blocking' may be permanently switched OFF. Refer to SET-UP procedure, Section 5. MD (mode) Push button Repeatedly pushing the MD (mode)-button alters the display mode and display respectively: Use/STBY Mode: upper line USE frequency lower line STBY frequency Channel Mode: upper line USE frequency lower line channel memory number Direct Tune Mode: upper line USE frequency lower line blank TRANSFER Push button Momentarily pushing the Transfer button  while in CHANNEL or DIRECT TUNE mode will return the radio to USE/STBY mode, or  while in USE/STBY mode the last USE frequency will become the new STBY frequency and the last STBY frequency will become the new USE frequency, or  while in the SET-UP mode will return the radio to the display mode used before without power down. Only programmed settings stored previously by pushing the STO-button will be active.

4 Functional Description 34 FAV_D10024 December 2014 F/CH Rotary control and push button = dual function Momentarily pushing the F/CH knob  while in the USE/STBY or DIRECT TUNE mode changes the access from kHz to MHz or vice versa from MHz to kHz.  If there is no activity for 30 seconds the F/CH knob will return to the kHz access.  While in the CHANNEL mode pushing the F/CH knob is without function. Rotating the F/CH knob  while in the USE/STBY mode will increment or decrement the MHz or kHz portion of the STBY frequency with rollover at each band edge,  while in the CHANNEL mode changes the channel memory number and corresponding frequency. Only channel numbers which were programmed before will appear,  while in the DIRECT TUNE mode will increment or decrement the MHz or kHz portion of the USE frequency with rollover at each band edge. STO (STORE) Push button Up to 99 frequencies/channel names in each Operating mode (combined 8.33/25 kHz mode and '25 kHz only' mode) may be stored in a non- volatile memory. The channel memory numbers (1  99) are user programmable. Programming a frequency: 1. Set the frequency or channel name to be stored in the upper line at the display! 2. Initialize storing by pushing the STO button. 3. The last used channel memory number is displayed in the lower line. 4. A flashing "CH" shows "ready to store". 5. Select appropriate (new) channel memory number (1 to 99) by rotating the F/CH knob. 6. On a free channel memory an additional "F" (free) is displayed (CH 5 to 99). 7. To enter the new frequency/channel name push the STO-button. The frequency/channel name will be stored under the adjusted channel memory number. 8. A previously stored frequency/channel name will be overwritten. 9. The last used Operating mode is displayed. Programming in the SET-UP mode: In the SET-UP mode all settings must individually be confirmed by pushing the STO button. Otherwise the settings are not permanently stored.

4 Functional Description December 2014 FAV_D10024 35 4.3 Frequency Display, 5-digit or 6-digit Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), two lines, can be back-lit. IMPORTANT!  When the FSG 90 or FSG 90-H1 shows a 6-digit display, the radio is operating in the combined 8.33/25 kHz mode.  When the FSG 90 or FSG 90-H1 shows a 5-digit display, the radio is operating in the '25 kHz only' mode.  Frequency and channel name display complies with ICAO rules!  The following displays are examples only! Transceiver operates in the 8.33/25 kHz mode (6-digit display) Upper line: USE channel name (display 135.090 = 135.0916 MHz transmit and receive frequency) Lower line: STBY channel name (display 118.065 = 118.0666 MHz transmit and receive frequency) Supply indicator: 3 segments: ≥ 12.7 Vdc, supply OK TX indicator: OFF, radio receives. Transceiver operates in the '25 kHz only' mode (5-digit display) Upper line: USE frequency (display 135.87 = 135.875 MHz transmit and receive frequency) Lower line: STBY frequency (display 118.02 = 118.025 MHz transmit and receive frequency) Supply indicator: 3 segments: ≥ 12.7 Vdc, supply OK TX indicator: OFF, radio receives. Transceiver operates in the 8.33/25 kHz mode (6-digit display) Upper line: USE channel name (display 127.460 = 127.4583 MHz transmit and receive frequency) Lower line: Channel memory number (19) associated with the above USE channel name Supply indicator: 2 segments: ≥ 12.0 Vdc, battery ½ charged TX indicator: ON, radio transmits. Transceiver operates in the '25 kHz only' mode (5-digit display) Upper line: USE frequency (display 124.77 = 124.775 MHz transmit and receive frequency) Lower line: Channel memory number (75) associated with the above USE frequency Supply indicator: 2 segments: ≥ 12.0 Vdc, battery ½ charged TX indicator: ON, radio transmits.

4 Functional Description 36 FAV_D10024 December 2014 STO button has been pushed (same function at 5-digit display). Upper line: Channel name (6-digits) to be stored Lower line: Free channel memory number 07 (CH is flashing) After pushing the STO button once more the channel name 121.875 (= 121.875 MHz) will be stored in the channel memory 07. The last used Operating mode is displayed. STO button has been pushed (same function at 5-digit display). Upper line: Channel name (6-digits) to be stored Lower line: Channel memory number 17 (CH is flashing) After pushing the STO button once more the channel name 121.375 (= 121.375 MHz) will be stored in the channel memory 17. A previously stored channel name will be overwritten. The last used Operating mode is displayed. 4.4 Connectors at the rear side 50 Ω BNC jack, mating plug: BNC plug, UG 88/CU Connects a suitable COM broad-band antenna with a frequency range of at least 118 - 137 MHz. Refer to section 3.4.3 for Installation. 25-pole D-SUB receptacle, male, with sliding lock retainer mating plug: 25-pole D-SUB, female, DA-25S, (A/N F10212: solder type, including shell and mounting hardware), to connect the aircraft wiring. Refer to section 3.5 for wiring.

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5 SET-UP Procedure 38 FAV_D10024 December 2014 5 SET-UP Procedure This Section contains a description of the SET-UP procedure to be carried out by an experienced avionics technician. To carry out the SET-UP procedure the radio must be completely wired and ready to use. DANGER!  During SET-UP procedure, the radio is partly unable to work. The radio can neither receive nor transmit!  NEVER carry out a SET-UP during flight or whilst driving a car! Perform SET-UP only whilst standing safely on the ground!  Before the next flight or application, check all settings of the radio and cockpit instruments for correct function! IMPORTANT!  The FSG 90(X) is factory pre-set for check and testing purposes. To achieve maximum performance it is therefore absolutely necessary to optimize the radio and to adapt the accessories used.  To carry out the SET-UP the radio must be ready for operation (antenna connected, power supply OK, operational microphone/s, headset/s).  If a headset is used, turn its volume control to maximum, if applicable.  All frequencies, channel names, channel memory numbers etc., shown in the following illustrations, are examples! The following settings can be selected or adjusted (in order): 1. Adjusting the automatic squelch threshold 2. Adjusting the microphone sensitivity 3. Adjusting the Intercom volume (headset) 4. Adjusting the Transmit Sidetone volume (headset) 5. Adjusting the headset volume (during Receive, independent from speaker volume) 6. Selecting '25 kHz only' channel spacing or combined 8.33 kHz / 25 kHz channel spacing. Confirmation with STO starts new mode at once! 7. Deleting occupied channel memories (one after the other) 8. Selecting AF External via A/C loudspeaker ON (1) or OFF (0). 9. Selecting 'CHANNEL MODE' only (1) or 'FREE FREQUENCY SELECTION' (0) 10. Selecting 'Transmitter Blocking' during receive ON (1) or OFF (0)

5 SET-UP Procedure December 2014 FAV_D10024 39 11. Service, ON (1) or OFF (0) 12. Optional module, ON (1) or OFF (0) 13. Entering a password: protects against unauthorized changes of the radio parameters. 5.1 Calling SET-UP without password Calling the SET-UP procedure without password is possible: 1. at ex works radios FSG 90(X), or 2. at radios which are reset to a factory basic setting (refer to chapter RESET), or 3. at radios which are not protected by a password against unauthorized changes of the SET-UP adjustments.  Turn OFF the radio (ON/OFF-VOL knob fully ccw).  PUSH AND HOLD both MD and STO buttons, then turn ON the radio (rotate ON/OFF- VOL knob clockwise, approximately mid position).  All segments of the display appear for a short moment then the display gets blank.  Release the buttons.  After releasing the buttons the display shows in the upper line alternately »FSG90« and »SET-UP«.  If there is no activity for 60 seconds the radio will return to the mode used before.  Shortly pushing the MD button once will open the SET-UP menu to adjust the squelch threshold.  Repeatedly pushing the MD button will open all other SET-UP menus in the order described before.

5 SET-UP Procedure 40 FAV_D10024 December 2014 5.2 Calling SET-UP with password Calling the SET-UP procedure with password must be carried out at radios, which are protected by a password against unauthorized changes of the SET-UP adjustments.  Turn OFF the radio (ON/OFF-VOL knob fully ccw).  PUSH AND HOLD both MD and STO buttons, then turn ON the radio (rotate ON/OFF-VOL knob clockwise, approximately mid position).  All segments of the display appear for a short moment then the display gets blank.  Release the buttons.  After releasing the buttons the display shows in the upper line alternately »FSG90« and »SET-UP«, in the lower line 5 dashes.  If there is no activity for 60 seconds the radio returns to the mode used before.  With the F/CH knob set the first digit of your password (the first dash changes to digit). Confirm the first digit by pushing the F/CH knob. The second digit is ready to be adjusted.  With the F/CH knob set the second digit of your password (the second dash changes to digit). Confirm the second digit by pushing the F/CH knob.  Continue until all five digits of your password are entered.  Confirm the last digit input by pushing the STO button. This will open the SET-UP menu to adjust the squelch threshold. Repeatedly pushing the MD button will open all other set-up menus in the order described before.  Entering a wrong password will return the SET-UP to the initial status (5 dashes).  After the fourth attempt to open the SET-UP with a wrong password the radio returns to the operating mode used before trying to open the SET-UP. The FSG 90(X) is operational. 5.3 Interrupt the SET-UP procedure The SET-UP procedure may be interrupted any time:  Usually by turning OFF the power (ON/OFF-VOL knob fully ccw). All changed and individually stored adjustments (by pushing the STO button) are permanently stored and effective after turning ON the radio again.  or by pushing the Transfer button (). The radio returns to the operating mode used before. All changed and individually stored adjustments up to now (by pushing the STO button) are permanently stored and effective.

5 SET-UP Procedure December 2014 FAV_D10024 41 5.4 SET-UP procedure IMPORTANT!  The settings can be done in any order!  Repeatedly pushing the MD button opens the menus step by step.  Only settings confirmed by finally pushing the STO key are permanently stored and effective.  When pushing the STO button the upper segment of the On-board supply indicator will light up to confirm storing visually. 5.4.1 Adjusting the automatic squelch threshold The display shows in the upper line alternately »SET« and »SQUEL«, in the lower line »LO«, »MED1«, »MED2« or »HI«. Adjust by rotating the F/CH knob the squelch threshold as required. The lower line shows: LO ca. 1.0 µV / -107 dBm (Standard setting) MED1 ca. 2.5 µV / -99 dBm MED2 ca. 5.0 µV / -93 dBm HI ca. 8.0 µV / -89 dBm (this setting exceeds the required minimum sensitivity; adjust only for test purposes at very strong interference levels!)  Confirm your adjustment by pushing the STO button!  If you want to carry on with the SET-UP procedure push once or repeatedly the MD button till the desired menu appears. 5.4.2 Adjusting the microphone sensitivity (Dynamic or amplified/carbon microphones) IMPORTANT!  This adjustment is important particularly when FSG 90(X) is used in noisy environment like turboprop airplanes or vehicles: Turn your radio OFF (ON/OFF-VOL knob fully ccw). The FSG 90(X) should be turned ON only after engine start-up. Select a free frequency/channel name (no communication audible). Then call the SET-UP procedure.  During this adjustment the transmitter is keyed. Carry out adjustment quickly!  Up to two microphones of the same type may be connected parallel to the mic input (dynamic or amplified/carbon type).  Parallel operated microphones must have the same specifications.  This adjustment has to be repeated when changing microphones (brand, type or number)

5 SET-UP Procedure 42 FAV_D10024 December 2014 The display shows in the upper line alternately »SET« and »MICRO«.  ONLY FOR ENGINE POWERED AIRPLANES AND VEHICLES: RUN THE ENGINE IN IDLE. Press and hold the PTT key. Talk in a loud, clear voice with the microphone one or two inches from your lips. While talking the microphone level is measured. By turning the F/CH knob left or right set the upper dash line to three to four segments (the lower dash line shows only informative the actual range). Release the PTT key and stop talking.  RUN THE ENGINE IN CRUISING SPEED. Press and hold the PTT key for at least 5 seconds, do not talk! The upper dash line should show not more than one segment. If the display shows more than one segment the mic input is too sensitive. Repeat adjustment with less sensitivity (only two to three segments visible when talking).  Confirm your adjustment by pushing the STO button!  If you want to carry on with the SET-UP procedure push once or repeatedly the MD button till the desired menu appears. 5.4.3 Adjusting the Intercom volume IMPORTANT!  Intercom is only possible via headsets (microphones and headphones).  The radio must be wired with an Intercom harness (IC switch) and two headsets connected. The display shows in the upper line alternately »SET« and »INTCO«. Enable Intercom by switching ON the Intercom switch. Talk in a loud, clear voice with one of the microphones one or two inches from your lips. DO NOT PRESS THE PTT KEY! While talking adjust with the F/CH knob a convenient headphone volume. The segments show the actual range. If more than four segments are shown overmodulation occurs.  Confirm your adjustment by pushing the STO button!  If you want to carry on with the SET-UP procedure push once or repeatedly the MD button till the desired menu appears.

5 SET-UP Procedure December 2014 FAV_D10024 43 5.4.4 Adjusting the Sidetone volume IMPORTANT!  Sidetone audible during transmit is only possible via headphones (if applicable set maximum volume at the headset)  During this adjustment the transmitter is active. Carry out adjustment quickly!  The microphone(s) sensitivity has to be adjusted properly (refer to section 5.4.2) The display shows in the upper line alternately »SET« and »SIDE«. Press and hold PTT key. Talk in a loud, clear voice with the microphone one or two inches from your lips. While talking adjust with the F/CH knob a convenient headphone volume. The segments show the actual range. If more than four segments are shown overmodulation occurs. Release PTT key.  Confirm your adjustment by pushing the STO button!  If you want to carry on with the SET-UP procedure push once or repeatedly the MD button till the desired menu appears. 5.4.5 Adjusting the headset volume IMPORTANT!  Receiving is possible via loudspeaker and headphone.  First set with the ON/OFF-VOL knob loudspeaker volume to a convenient level, and then adjust with the SET-UP procedure a suitable headphone volume. The display shows in the upper line alternately »SET« and »PHONE«. With the speaker, noise or communication is audible. With the ON/OFF-VOL knob set speaker output to a convenient level, leave ON/OFF-VOL knob as it is. Put on headphone. By rotating the F/CH knob adjust headphone level to a suitable volume. The dashes show the range. If the adjustment range is not sufficient increase or decrease with the ON/OFF-VOL knob.  Confirm your adjustment by pushing the STO button!  If you want to carry on with the SET-UP procedure push once or repeatedly the MD button till the desired menu appears.

5 SET-UP Procedure 44 FAV_D10024 December 2014 5.4.6 Selecting '25 kHz only' or combined 8.33/25 kHz channel spacing IMPORTANT!  Selecting either 8.33/25 kHz or '25 kHz only' may be necessary due to National Regulations. The display shows flashing in the upper line »SET«, in the lower line either »25« or »8.33«. By rotating the F/CH knob select the required channel spacing: »25« = '25 kHz only' channel spacing »8.33« = combined 8.33 and 25 kHz channel spacing. IMPORTANT!  Confirm the new channel spacing by pushing the STO button! The selected channel spacing becomes active and simultaneously SET-UP procedure will automatically closed down. The radio returns to the last used operating mode and the settings confirmed with the STO button became effective.  If you want to carry on with the SET-UP procedure call again SET-UP. Push once or repeatedly the MD button till the required menu appears. 5.4.7 Deleting occupied channel memories IMPORTANT!  Only channel memory numbers from 5  99 can be deleted. Channel memories 1 to 4 can only be overwritten.  On an occupied channel memory the channel memory number is displayed in the upper line, the associated frequency/channel name in the lower line.  On a free channel memory the channel memory number is displayed in the upper line, the lower line shows »FREE«. EXAMPLE: The display shows in the upper line alternately »CLR 05« and »CH 05« and in the lower line the associated frequency. EXAMPLE: Channel memory number »39« (with the channel name 132.765) should be deleted. By rotating the F/CH knob adjust the channel memory number »39« at the display. If this channel memory should really be deleted, confirm by pushing the STO button. In the lower line the frequency/channel name disappears, it appears »FREE«.

5 SET-UP Procedure December 2014 FAV_D10024 45  If further memory channels should be deleted adjust with the F/CH knob the channel memory number concerned and delete each by pushing the STO button.  If you want to carry on with the SET-UP procedure push once or repeatedly the MD button till the desired menu appears. 5.4.8 Selecting AF EXTERNAL via A/C speaker (ON/OFF) IMPORTANT!  Always switch OFF AF EXTERNAL ("0") when the radio FSG 90(X) is battery powered. It saves approximately 30 mAmps. The display shows in the upper line alternately »SET« and »AF - E«, in the lower line »0« or »1«. Adjust by rotating the F/CH knob the lower line to "0". 0 = AF EXTERNAL OFF, AF external only audible via headphones 1 = AF EXTERNAL audible via aircraft speaker  Confirm the adjustment by pushing the STO button, if required!  Carry on with the SET-UP procedure by pushing once or repeatedly the MD button till the desires menu appears. 5.4.9 Selecting 'CHANNEL MODE ONLY' or 'NO RESTRICTION' IMPORTANT!  For certain applications (usually ground operation only) free selection of all frequencies by the operator may be restricted. Then transmitting and receiving is only possible in the CHANNEL MODE, pre-programmed before by authorized personnel. The display shows in the upper line alternately »SET« and »FREQ«, in the lower line »0« or »1«. Adjust by rotating the F/CH knob lower line to "0" or "1". 0 = Standard operation, free frequency selection, no restriction. 1 = CHANNEL MODE only, no other frequencies/channel names adjustable by operator.  Confirm your adjustment by pushing the STO button!  Carry on with the SET-UP procedure by pushing once or repeatedly the MD button until the desired menu appears.

5 SET-UP Procedure 46 FAV_D10024 December 2014 5.4.10 Selecting 'TRANSMITTER BLOCKING' during receive (ON/OFF) IMPORTANT!  Whenever 'Transmitter Blocking' is ON and squelch is ON, transmitting is disabled as long as the frequency/channel name is busy (communication audible).During that, no Sidetone is audible, even if PTT is pressed and one is talking into the microphone.  Whenever the squelch is OFF 'Transmitter Blocking' is OFF and transmitting is possible even on a busy channel. The display shows in the upper line alternately »SET« and »BLOC«, in the lower line »0« or »1«. Adjust by rotating the F/CH knob the lower line to »0« or »1«. 0 = 'Transmitter Blocking' is OFF. Transmitting is always possible, even on a busy channel. 1 = 'Transmitter Blocking' is ON. With squelch ON transmitting is only possible on a free channel.  Confirm your adjustment by pushing the STO button!  Carry on with the SET-UP procedure by pushing once or repeatedly the MD button till the desired menu appears. 5.4.11 Service (ON/OFF) IMPORTANT!  For approved Avionics Shops only! The display shows in the upper line alternately »SET« and »SERV«, in the lower line »0«. 0 = STANDARD MODE, Service OFF.  If required, confirm adjustment by pushing the STO button!  Carry on with the SET-UP procedure by pushing the MD button. 5.4.12 Optional module (ON/OFF) IMPORTANT!  Not applicable with this radio. The display shows in the upper line alternately »SET« and »OPTI«, in the lower line »0«. 0 = STANDARD MODE, Optional module OFF.  Carry on with the SET-UP procedure by pushing the MD button.

5 SET-UP Procedure December 2014 FAV_D10024 47 5.4.13 Entering a password IMPORTANT!  When the SET-UP of your radio is protected by a password it cannot be changed by any unauthorized persons without knowledge of the password.  Your password consists of five digits! The display shows in the upper line alternately »SET« and »PASS«, in the lower line »00000«. If you don't want to enter a password and your SET-UP procedure is finished leave the SET-UP menu by pushing the TRANSFER () button, or turn OFF the radio (ON/OFF-VOL knob). If you want to enter a password proceed as follows:  Rotate the F/CH knob. Adjust the first digit (0 . 9). Confirm the first digit by pushing the F/CH knob.  Adjust the second digit of your password by rotating the F/CH knob. Confirm again by pushing the F/CH knob.  The third digit is ready now. Continue as described above for the third, fourth and fifth digit.  Make sure the complete password corresponds to your idea.  Confirm the password by pushing the STO button!  From now on a new SET-UP may be called only after entering the password first!

5 SET-UP Procedure 48 FAV_D10024 December 2014 5.4.14 Reset CAUTION! Every RESET to the factory setting  deletes all your pre-set memory channels 5 to 99 (in both ‘8.33/25 kHz’ and ‘25 kHz only’ Mode)! Memory channels 1 - 4 get programmed with 118.00 or 118.005 respectively  deletes your password!  delete all your individual SET-UP adjustments! To reset all adjustments proceed as follows:  Turn OFF the radio (ON/OFF-VOL knob fully ccw).  PUSH AND HOLD simultaneously the buttons MD, STO and SQ, then turn ON the radio (rotate ON/OFF-VOL knob clockwise, approximately mid position).  All segments of the display appear for a short moment then the display gets blank.  Release the buttons. After releasing the three buttons the display shows in the upper line alternately »SET« and »RESET«, in the lower line »0«. If there is no activity for 60 seconds the radio will return to the mode used before. With the F/CH knob set lower line to "1". Confirm RESET by pushing the STO button. The upper segment of the On-board Supply Indicator will light up shortly.  The VHF radio FSG 90(X) is now operable in the factory setting.

6 Operating Instruction 50 FAV_D10024 December 2014 6 Operating Instruction 6.1 Introduction This Section contains basic operating procedures for the FSG 90(X) transceivers. This instruction is only applicable for a radio which is  correctly installed and wired by a certified avionics shop  checked together with the a/c system, and  optimized by the SET-UP procedure (refer to Section 5, SET-UP PROCEDURE). WARNING! DO NOT OPERATE THIS RADIO IN AN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE (PETROLEUM FUELS, SOLVENTS, DUST, ETC.). 6.2 Turning ON - Selecting Frequency/Channel Name - Volume CAUTION! The FSG 90(X) should be turned ON - after installing the unit into vehicles, aircraft or carrier cases, - after switching on the power source, - after engine or vehicle start-up. This is a simple precaution which helps to protect the solid state circuitry and extends the operating life of your avionics equipment. NOTICE: »Frequency« and »Channel Name« are ICAO terms! Turn the radio FSG 90(X) ON by rotating the ON/OFF-VOL knob clockwise. Momentarily all segments of the display are visible. Last used operating mode and frequency are displayed. A warm-up period for the transmitter is not required. However, at temperatures of -20°C / -4°F, the LC display needs approximately one second until it is fully visible when the frequency or operating mode is changed. To change the operating mode and therefore the display: Push once or twice the MD button. Selecting the appropriate active frequency/channel name depends on operating mode: EXAMPLE: STANDARD: USE/STBY (Standby) Mode At the lower line select appropriate kHz portion by rotating F/CH knob. A clockwise rotation will increment the previous frequency while a counter- clockwise rotation will decrement the previous frequency with rollover at each band edge. Push F/CH knob; this changes the access to MHz. At the lower line select appropriate MHz portion by rotating F/CH knob. A clockwise rotation will increment the previous frequency while a counterclockwise rotation will decrement the previous frequency with rollover at each band edge.

6 Operating Instruction December 2014 FAV_D10024 51 Push the Transfer Button . The last standby frequency/channel name (lower line) will become the new active frequency/channel name (upper line) and the last active frequency/ channel name will become the new STBY frequency/channel name (lower line). EXAMPLE: Channel Mode: Important: The appropriate operating frequency must be stored already in a memory channel (refer to Storing a new Frequency/ Channel Name). Select appropriate channel memory number together with the associated frequency/channel name by rotating the F/CH knob. EXAMPLE: Direct tune Mode: Select appropriate kHz portion by rotating F/CH knob. A clockwise rotation will increment the previous frequency while a counterclockwise rotation will decrement the previous frequency with rollover at each band edge. Push F/CH knob; this changes the access to MHz. Select appropriate MHz portion by rotating F/CH knob. A clockwise rotation will increment the previous frequency while a counterclockwise rotation will decrement the previous frequency with rollover at each band edge. The setting is the new active frequency/channel name. • Rotate ON/OFF-VOL knob (1) clockwise, about half way. Continue with either Receive or Transmit Operation

6 Operating Instruction 52 FAV_D10024 December 2014 6.3 Receive (Listen) Operation  After turning ON the radio the automatic squelch is always ON.  If the operating mode shall be changed: Push once or twice the MD button.  If the active frequency shall be changed: refer to 6.2 Turning ON - Selecting Frequency/ Channel Name - Volume  DO NOT press the PTT (Push-To-Talk) key if you want to receive! Transmit Indicator at the display must not appear!  Normal signals are received; weak signals and interfering pulses are disabled. Set the volume of the a/c loudspeaker or headphone to a comfortable level by rotating ON/OFF-VOL knob (in 15 steps).  Weak signals can be received if the squelch circuit is switched OFF by pushing the SQ button. Then typical RX noise is heard during communication breaks.  Pushing the SQ button again switches the squelch circuit ON again. IMPORTANT!  Switching OFF the squelch only makes sense if long range reception shall take place. Thus, the radio is noisy during Standby operation, but no weak signals are suppressed and the full receiving range is available!  Notice increased current consumption!

6 Operating Instruction December 2014 FAV_D10024 53 6.4 Transmit (Talk) Operation IMPORTANT!  Please keep radio discipline!  Transmit only on a clear channel.  Since 'Transmit Blocking' is normally activated (refer to SET-UP) transmitting is not possible on a busy channel.  Care for an all-round obstacle free antenna location; the called station should be within "line-of-sight" distance.  Never place the radio such as the antenna gets very close to, or touching, exposed parts of the body, especially the face, shoulder or the eyes.  The radio is equipped with a transmit time out timer (2 minutes). This is used to limit the duration of calls and to guard against accidental PTT locking.  If the display mode shall be changed: Push once or twice the MD button.  If the USE frequency shall be changed: refer to 6.2 Turning ON - Selecting Frequency/Channel Name - Volume.  Transmitting is normally only possible on a clear channel (no communication audible).  If you have to transmit (e.g. emergency case) although the channel is busy, the "Transmit Blocking" circuit may be turned OFF by pushing the SQ button.  Press and hold the PTT (Push-To-Talk) key. Talk in a loud, clear voice with the microphone opening 2 to 4 cm (1" - 2") from your lips. Make each transmission as brief as possible. As long as the PTT key is pressed the Transmit Indicator at the display appears!  Release the PTT key to end transmission and to clear the channel for reception; the Transmit Indicator must disappear. Switch Squelch ON again, if necessary.  The radio is equipped with a transmit TOT time out timer. This is used to limit the duration of transmissions to 2 minutes. When the transmitter is keyed continuously longer than 2 minutes the display of the FSG 90(X) starts flashing and transmission is disabled.  If you have to make calls longer than 2 minutes shortly release the PTT key and press again.  Should the TOT disable the transmitter accidentally (e.g. stuck PTT key) and you have to transmit turn radio OFF and ON again. This allows another 2 minutes to transmit.

6 Operating Instruction 54 FAV_D10024 December 2014 6.5 Storing a new Frequency/Channel Name In each active Operating Mode (combined 8.33/25 kHz mode or '25 kHz only' mode) up to 99 non-volatile channel memories can be user programmed. Channel memories of the non-active mode remain stored in the background. They are accessible after calling up the respective mode. IMPORTANT!  Free selection of frequencies and new storing may be disabled due to SET-UP adjustment (refer to Section 5.4.9)!  Channel memories 1 to 4 are always pre-set and may be used when called. They can only be changed but not deleted. Ex works and after Master Reset channel memories 1 to 4 are pre-set with either 118.00 MHz or 118.005 MHz!  Storing can be initialized in all three operating/display modes.  The USE frequency/channel name in the upper line of the display can be stored to any of the 99 channel memories. 1. Set the frequency or channel name to be stored in the upper line at the display! 2. Initialize storing by pushing the STO button. 3. The last used channel memory number appears, "CH" flashes. 4. Select appropriate channel memory number (1 to 99) by turning the F/CH knob. On a free memory channel, an "F" appears before "CH" and the memory number. 5. To enter the new frequency/channel name push the STO-button. The frequency/channel name will be stored under the selected channel memory number. A previously stored frequency/ channel name will be overwritten. 6.6 Recall of stored Frequency/Channel Name 1. By pushing once or twice the MD button select the CHANNEL display mode. 2. By rotating the F/CH knob set appropriate channel memory number with its associated frequency/channel name at the display. Only channel numbers that have been programmed previously will appear. 6.7 Squelch (SQ) Operation During standby (normal operation / no signal received), the squelch is active to disable continuous receiver noise; too weak signals are not heard. The squelch level (normally approx. 1 µV) can be adjusted in the SET-UP menu by 4 thresholds (low, med1, med2, high) to meet best operational requirements. Signals above the SQ threshold open audio amplifiers for speaker and phone audio output. If, however, very weak signals below the SQ threshold are to be heard (e.g. aircraft far from base) then the SQ button is pushed to open SQ, This permits noise during pauses, but weak signals are no longer suppressed, and the full Receiver range is available.

6 Operating Instruction December 2014 FAV_D10024 55 SQ ON also results in significantly lower standby current consumption and extends battery supplied operating time. DUAL FUNCTION while the SQ is disabled allows, that Transmit is possible even during simultaneous receiving on this channel, in order to enable transmit whenever necessary. Normally, in SET-UP the "BLOC" function is activated (set to "1") to prevent overcrowded channels caused by simultaneous transmissions. 6.8 Intercom IMPORTANT!  To achieve best cabin noise suppression, especially during speech pauses, optimized microphone sensitivity adjustment must be performed during SET-UP-Procedure.  Intercom headset audio volume may be adjusted through SET-UP. 1. Switch ON Intercom. This activates simultaneously the microphones, while the speaker is disabled. 2. During Receive, through acoustic accessories (headphones with microphones), the FSG 90(X) allows intercommunications between pilot(s) and/or other crew members. Always speak loud and clear, while the microphone opening is located close to the lips. 3. By pressing the PTT key the radio switches to transmit -without switching Off Intercom. The "true active" Sidetone is heard during transmit. This allows all intercom parties to monitor also actual cockpit radio communication. 4. Releasing the PTT key turns the radio into Intercom mode again. 5. In addition, both Receive as well as External Audio is audible while Intercom is ON. During Receive, all other audio inputs are reduced in volume. This allows safer listening to the radio signal. 6. Audio volumes of external audio signals are adjusted only on the external units. 6.9 AF External In Standby and Receive mode only, through the External Audio Input, the audio signals of additional units (another COM, VOR, Localizer, Marker, ADF, electric variometer, etc.) are audible simultaneously via A/C loudspeaker or headphone(s). Such complex interfacing requires that audio volume is set directly on each unit individually. The VOL control on the FSG 90(X) front panel is not affected by external audio sources, and vice versa. The External AF Input is disabled during transmit. 6.10 Lighting Depending on aircraft wiring, lighting the frequency display is either activated by turning ON the lighting switch or dimmer, or by turning ON the FSG 90 radio.

6 Operating Instruction 56 FAV_D10024 December 2014 6.11 Turning OFF Turn OFF the radio by rotating the ON/OFF-VOL switch to the fully ccw position to prevent unnecessary discharge of the A/C battery. 6.12 Checking the A/C on-board supply Transceivers of the FSG 90 System include an on-board supply level display with a 3- bar symbol. At dc levels below 11 V, those three bars start flashing as a warning! Radio supplied from a 13.8 V battery bus: The following operating times may be obtained depending on battery's capacity and transmitter duty cycle: Reference: Approximately +20°C / +68°F, battery 7.2 Ah, only radio is supplied. Duty cycle: 10% Transmit, 20% Receive, 70% STBY Flashing symbol only during Transmit: ca. 4 hrs. left Flashing symbol also during Receive: ca. 45 min. left. Recommendation: Reduce utmost transmitting! Short-time flashing symbol during Standby (SQ ON, clear channel) ca. 45 min. left. Cease transmitting! Continuous flashing symbol during Standby (SQ ON, clear channel) Radio will soon switch OFF itself! Recharge battery as soon as possible (refer to Section 6.14, Emergency Operation) Remark: These transitions are fluent. Recovery effect after load reduction may be possible. Radio supplied from a 13.8 Vdc generator bus (aircraft or vehicle): Flashing symbol: Urgently check aircraft's or vehicle's electrical system (generator, battery, regulator) and/or installation! Radio supplied from a 28/14 V Regulator (28 Vdc aircraft or vehicle supply): Flashing symbol: Urgently check 28/14 V Regulator, aircraft's or vehicle's electrical system (generator, battery, regulator) and installation!

6 Operating Instruction December 2014 FAV_D10024 57 6.13 Operating times of an FSG 90 (6 Watt version) supplied from a 12 V battery only The following duty cycle of Transmit (TX), Receive (RX) and Standby (STBY) results in available operating time (hours). Both the worst and the most favourable operation conditions are considered, e.g. maximum receiver volume combined with maximum speaker load (2 speakers, 4 Ohms each). Higher current consumption will degrade the nominally available battery capability, as well as lower temperatures. The following tables show significant time differences depending on current consumption during Receive, and at temperatures. Prerequisite: Maximum RX audio volume, AF External ON Max. current drain .11 A 2.5 A 1.0 A .11 A 2.5 A 1.0 A .11 A 2.5 A 1.0 A .11 A Lead Accumulator 12 Volts 7.2 Ah STBY, w/out RX 5% TX 5% RX 90% STBY 10% TX 20% RX 70% STBY 20% TX 40% RX 40% STBY Temperature - 20°C/-4°F 38 hrs. 12.30 hrs. 6.00 hrs. 3.10 hrs. Temperature +20°C/68°F 62 hrs. 20.10 hrs. 10.00 hrs. 5.20 hrs. Temperature +50°C/122°F 66 hrs. 22.10 hrs. 11.10 hrs. 6.00 hrs. Prerequisite: Minimum RX audio volume, AF External OFF (power saving) Max. current drain .08 A 2.5 A .25 A .08 A 2.5 A .25 A .08 A 2.5 A .25 A .08 A Lead Accumulator 12 Volts 7.2 Ah STBY, w/out RX 5% TX 5% RX 90% STBY 10% TX 20% RX 70% STBY 20% TX 40% RX 40% STBY Temperature -20°C/-4°F 57 hrs. 15.50 hrs. 8.50 hrs. 4.40 hrs. Temperature +20°C/68°F 85 hrs. 26.10 hrs. 14.30 hrs. 7.50 hrs. Temperature +50°C/122°F 90 hrs. 28.40 hrs. 16.20 hrs. 8.40 hrs. 6.14 Emergency Operation Even under low / emergency supply conditions, the FSG 90(X) can be operated reliably from as low as 10 Volts supply. This however will reduce both the RF output level and audio output power. Batteries must be recharged after discharge. However, the FSG 90(X) automatic switch- OFF feature at too low supply avoids battery damage, even if the radio is stored in switched ON condition! This is true for all types of 12 V batteries.

Appendix A 58 FAV_D10024 December 2014 Appendix A, Technical Summary A.1 General Type: Frequency Range: Number of Channels: Number of Channel Memories: Nominal Supply Voltage: Nominal TX carrier output: FSG 90, A/N F10185 118.000 MHz to 136.975 MHz with 25 kHz spacing and 118.000 MHz to 136.975 MHz with 8.33/25 kHz spacing 25 kHz spacing: 760 8.33/25 kHz spacing: 2,278, totally 3,038 Channels 99 for Channel names with 8.33/25 kHz spacing. Additional 99 channel memories for frequencies with 25 kHz spacing. 13.8 Vdc ≥ 6 Watt Type: Frequency Range: Number of Channels: Number of Channel Memories: Nominal Supply Voltage: Nominal TX carrier output: FSG 90-H1, A/N F10302 118.000 MHz to 136.975 MHz with 25 kHz spacing and 118.000 MHz to 136.975 MHz with 8.33/25 kHz spacing 25 kHz spacing: 760 8.33/25 kHz spacing: 2,278, totally 3,038 Channels 99 for Channel names with 8.33/25 kHz spacing. Additional 99 channel memories for frequencies with 25 kHz spacing. 14.0 Vdc ≥ 10 Watt Supply Voltage Range 11.0 - 16.5 Vdc, continuous Emergency Operation (below 11 Vdc) Good communication from 10 Vdc on Automatic Turn-Off Approx. 8.5 … 9.5 Vdc Supply Automatic Turn-On (reset) Approx. 9.5 … 10 Vdc Supply Input Current at 13.8 Vdc: Standby (Power Saving Mode) Additionally Squelch, Intercom + AF Ext. Receive Mode (70% AM voice) Transmit Mode (carrier / 70% AM voice) Display Lighting FSG 90: ≤ 85 mA (no volume, no AF External, no Intercom) add 30 mA w/out AF volume, add 250 mA with max volume ≤ 1 A (into 2 Ohm speaker) ≤ 2.5 A / ≤ 3.0 A ≤ 30 mA additionally Input Current at 14.0 Vdc: Standby (Power Saving Mode) Additionally Squelch, Intercom + AF Ext. Receive Mode (70% AM voice) Transmit Mode (carrier / 70% AM voice) Display Lighting FSG 90-H1: ≤ 85 mA (no volume, no AF External, no Intercom) add 30 mA w/out AF volume, add 250 mA with max volume ≤ 1 Amp (into 2 Ohm speaker) ≤ 3.5 A / ≤ 4.5 A ≤ 30 mA additionally DC Supply indicator 3 segments visible: ≥ 12.7 Vdc Battery full 2 segments visible: ≥ 12.0 Vdc Battery ca. ½ capacity 1 segment visible: ≥ 11.0 Vdc Battery nearly discharged 3 flashing segments: 11 V … 10 Vdc Emergency operation

Appendix A December 2014 FAV_D10024 59 A.2 Dimensions, Weight, Fuses Front Panel 57 mm dia / 2¼ in. dia, fits a standard panel opening Depth behind panel 200 mm / 7.85 in. (allow 30 mm/1.2 in. for plugs and harness) Overall Dimensions Width = 63 mm/2.5 in., Height = 58 mm/2.28 in., Depth = 223 mm/8.78 in. Weight FSG 90 0.80 kg/1.77 lb. without harness and mating connectors Weight FSG 90-H1 0.82 kg/1.81 lb. without harness and mating connectors External Fuse 6 W model: Cartridge fuse 3.15 Amp, quick acting, or automatic circuit breaker, 3 Amp 10 W model: Cartridge fuse 5 Amp, quick acting, or automatic circuit breaker, 5 Amp Inline Fuse, switched/regulated DC Output 315 mAmp, medium time lag A.3 Approvals Airborne Radio (Regulatory Authority For Telecommunications and Posts) “EC Type-Examination Certificate” no. B132705J, and ”TYPE-EXAMINATION CERTIFICATE” no. A132937J Airborne Radio (Regulatory Authority For Telecommunications and Posts, and LBA) Reg TP 321 ZV 034 EUROCAE ED-23B: Receiver Class C 25 kHz spacing CLIMAX operation, and Receiver Class E 8.33 kHz spacing Transmitter Class 4 100 NM with 25 kHz spacing, and Transmitter Class 6 100 NM with 8.33 kHz spacing Environmental Requirements EUROCAE ED-14C / RTCA DO-160C: Categories D1-AA(BMN)XXXXXXZBBBATZ(A3C2X)XXX ETSO-Authorization (LBA, airborne) ETSO-2C37e and ETSO-2C38e No. LBA.O.10.911/98 JTSO replaced by EASA.21O.1305 Software EUROCAE ED-12B / RTCA DO-178B, Level D Ground Operation (BAF) D-0036/2014 (FSG90) D-0037/2014 (FSG90-H1)

Appendix A 60 FAV_D10024 December 2014 A.4 Receiver Characteristics Receiver Type Dual Superhet IF Frequencies First IF 10.0 MHz, second IF 455 kHz, high injection Sensitivity (m = 30% / 1,000 Hz) ≤ 2 µV EMF (≤ -107 dBm/50 Ω) for 6 dB S+N/N Selectivity SINAD decreased from 12 dB to 6 dB Reference level m = 60%/1,000 Hz for 12 dB SINAD Interference level m = 60%/400 Hz ≤ 6 dB for ± 8 kHz (25 kHz CH spacing) ≥ 60 dB for ± 17 kHz (25 kHz CH spacing) ≥ 70 dB for ± 25 kHz (25 kHz CH spacing) ≤ 6 dB for ± 3 kHz (8.33 kHz CH spacing) ≥ 50 dB for ± 7.37 kHz (8.33 kHz CH spacing) Squelch Type Automatic (FM/AM), adjustable (SET-UP); manual override. AGC Characteristic ≤ 6 dB, 2 µV EMF (-107 dBm) ... 2 V EMF (+13 dBm/50 Ω), m = 30%/1,000 Hz AGC Delay (RX) ≤ 0.1 sec, 200 mV EMF (-1 dBm)  2 µV EMF (-107 dBm / 50 Ω), m = 30%/1,000 Hz) AGC Recovery after TX ≤ 0.1 sec at 10 µV EMF (-93 dBm / 50 Ω), after TX end Transfer time TX / RX ≤ 50 msec Modulation distortion (AF Processor OFF) ≤ 10%, 350 ... 2,500 Hz (m = 85%) Audio Frequency Response / AF Fidelity ≤ +2 dB and -4 dB, 350 ... 2,500 Hz, 25 kHz and 8.33 kHz CH spacing ≥ -20 dB, 4,000 Hz, 25 kHz CH spacing (Climax Offset Operation) Audio Frequency AGC ≤ 1.5 dB, m = 30% … 90% Nominal AF Output (Speaker) ≥ 4 Watt / 4 Ω, or ≥ 8 Watt / 2 Ω (at 13.8 Vdc) ≥ 1.5 Watt / 4 Ω (at 10 Vdc) Nominal AF Output (Phone) ≥ 100 mW / 600 Ω (at 13.8 Vdc) ≥ 50 mW / 600 Ω (at 10 Vdc) AF Noise Level ≥ 40 dB, m = 30%/1,000 Hz 200 µV EMF (-67 dBm/50 Ω) ... 10 mV EMF (-33 dBm/50 Ω) AF External Input ≤ 1 Volt into 600 Ω for rated AF output (13.8 Vdc supply) Spurious Response ≥ 10 mV EMF (-33 dBm), m = 30%/1 kHz, for S+N/N ≤ 6 dB a) 108 - 156 MHz (of any Test Channel ≤ ± 8 kHz), at other than the assigned channel and the adjacent channels b) 50 kHz – 1,215 MHz (except 108 - 156 MHz) Cross Modulation (AF Processor OFF) Max. AF output level ≥ 10 dB below nominal AF output level: a) Wanted signal 20 µV EMF (-87 dBm) ... 500 µV EMF (-59 dBm/50 Ω), unmodulated at RX frequency, additional b) Unwanted signal 10 mV EMF (-33 dBm), m = 30%/1,000 Hz, frequency 100 - 156 MHz (frequency ≤ ± 2 RX channels) Intermodulation (AF Processor OFF) ≤ 6 dB AF Quieting (-5 dBm/50 Ω, 87.5 – 107.9 MHz), 2 signals

Appendix A December 2014 FAV_D10024 61 Desensitization Wanted signal 20 µV EMF (-87 dBm), m = 30%/1,000 Hz, at RX frequency, for S+N/N ≥ 6 dB, in the presence of Unwanted signal A 10 mV EMF (-33 dBm/50 Ω), unmodulated, frequency 108 ... 156 MHz, except used CH, but includes ≥ 1 RX CH, or Unwanted signal B 200 mV EMF (-7 dBm/50 Ω); minimum 10 mV EMF (-87 dBm), unmodulated, frequency 50 kHz – 1,215 MHz, except 87.5 MHz ... 156 MHz, or Unwanted signal C 250 mV EMF (-5 dBm), unmodulated, frequency 87.5 ... 107.9 MHz Receiver Spurious Emission ≤ 400 pW / -64 dBm (50 kHz ... 1,215 MHz) Channel Selection Time ≤ 0.4 sec, AF level within 3 dB, max. 99 Channel memories Receiver Muting, Squelch (CLIMAX) Simultaneous input at RX frequency: a) Wanted Signal A: 10 µV EMF (-93 dBm) +8 kHz (m = 30%/1,000 Hz), Squelch is open. b) Unwanted Signal B: More than 24 µV EMF (-85 dBm), m = 30% / 1,000 Hz, vary this frequency slowly from -8 kHz to +4 kHz. Squelch must remain open.

Appendix A 62 FAV_D10024 December 2014 A.5 Transmitter Characteristics FSG 90(X): Nominal TX RF Output Power (normal operation) ≥ 6 Watt / 50 Ω (carrier), ≥ 20 Watt PEP, at 13.8 Vdc -0.5 dB … +1.5 dB FSG 90-H1: Nominal TX RF Output Power (normal operation) ≥ 10 Watt / 50 Ω (carrier), ≥ 30 Watt PEP, at 14.0 Vdc -0.5 dB … +1 dB FSG 90: Nominal TX RF Output Power (emergency operation) ≥ 1.5 Watt / 50 Ω (carrier) at 10 Vdc supply FSG 90-H1: Nominal TX RF Output Power (emergency operation) ≥ 3.5 Watt / 50 Ω (carrier) at 10 Vdc supply TX Duty Cycle 1 : 4 (1 minute TX / 4 minutes RX) TX Time Out Timer After 2 minutes continuous TX. Transmitter is unkeyed automatically and the radio display flashes as a warning. Modulation Amplitude modulation, AM (A3E) Depth of Modulation ≥ 75% (Voice processor with dynamic compression) Modulation Distortion ≤ 10% (m = 70% / 1,000 Hz) ≤ 15% (m = 70% / 350 ... 2,500 Hz) Modulation Audio Frequency Response ≤ +2 dB and -4 dB (350 ... 2,500 Hz) Modulation AF Input for m = 70% Dynamic Microphone: ≤ 0.5 ... 10 mV symmetrical, sensitivity adjustable in SET-UP. Amplified/Carbon Microphone: ≤ 80 ... 500 mV unsymmetrical, sensitivity adjustable in SET-UP. True Transmit Sidetone (derived from modulated TX RF signal) ≥ 100 mW / 600 Ω (at 13.8 Vdc supply), ≥ 50 mW / 600 Ω (at 10 Vdc), volume adjustable in SET- UP, independent from speaker volume Carrier Noise Level ≥ 45 dB (m = 70%/1,000 Hz) Emission of RF Energy (≤ 1000 MHz) ≤ 0,25 µW (-36 dBm) / 71 dB µV / 3.54 mV / 50 Ω ≤ 4 nW (-54 dBm) / 53 dB µV / 446 µV / 50 Ω, from 47 ... 68, 87.5 ... 137, 162 ... 244, 328 ... 336, 470 ... 862 MHz Emission of RF Energy (≥ 1000 MHz) ≪ 1 µW / ≪ -30 dBm / ≪ 77 dB µV / ≪ 7 mV / 50 Ω Transmitter Spectrum Mask Max. +2 / -4 dB at 350 … 2,500 Hz modulation (8.33 kHz spacing) ≥ 45 dB at 3,200 Hz modulation (8.33 kHz spacing) ≥ 60 dB at ≥ 5,000 Hz modulation (8.33 kHz spacing) Channel Selection Time ≤ 0.5 sec Frequency Tolerance ≤ 1 ppm (0°C ... + 40°C / 32°F ... 104°F), ≤ 1.5 ppm (-20°C ... + 55°C / -4°F ... + 131°F) Unwanted FM (Frequency modulation) ≤ 1.0 kHz at m = 70% / 1,000 Hz TX Intermodulation ≥ 45 dB Antenna Mismatching VSWR ≤ 3 : 1, normal operation At VSWR 3 : 1 the requirements for modulation distortion, spurious and harmonics output as well as frequency stability are met. In addition, the RF output is ≥ 40 % / FSG 90: ≥ 2.4 Watt into 50 Ω at 13.8 Vdc. FSG 90-H1: ≥ 6 Watt into 50 Ω at 14.0 Vdc. At VSWR ≤ 5 : 1 still functional.

Appendix B 64 FAV_D10024 June 2014 Appendix B, Environmental Performance Classification Compliance measurements according to EUROCAE ED-14C / RTCA DO-160 C were performed and the following Environmental Categories fulfilled. Environmental Conditions ED-14C DO-160C Description of conducted tests Category Temperature and Altitude 4.0 Equipment tested to category D1  Low Temperature 4.5.1 Operation -20°C (-4°F) Storage -55°C (-67°F)  High Temperature 4.5.2 Operation +55°C (131°F) Storage +85°C (185°F)  in-flight Loss of Cooling 4.5.3 No auxiliary cooling required -  Low Pressure (Altitude) 4.6.1 50,000 ft. /15,240 m  Decompression 4.6.2 No test required in category D1  High Pressure 4.6.3 No test required in category D1 Temperature Variation 5.0 10°C/min (18°F/min), Equipment tested to category A Humidity 6.0 Equipment tested to category A Shock 7.0 Equipment tested to  Operational shocks 7.2 6 g  Crash safety 7.3 15 g Vibration 8.0 Equipment tested to category BMN Explosion 9.0 No test required X Waterproofness 10.0 No test required X Fluids Susceptibility 11.0 No test required X Sand and Dust 12.0 No test required X Fungus 13.0 No test required X Salt Spray 14.0 No test required X Magnetic Effect 15.0 ≤ 13 cm/1°, Equipment tested to category Z Power Input 16.0 Equipment tested to category B Voltage Spike 17.0 Equipment tested to category B Audio Frequency Susceptibility 18.0 Equipment tested to category B Induced Signal Susceptibility 19.0 Equipment tested to category A Radio Frequency Susceptibility 20.0 Equipment tested to category T Radio Frequency Emission 21.0 Equipment tested to category Z Lightning Induced Susceptibility 22.0 Equipment tested to category A3C2X Lightning effects 23.0 No test required X Icing 24.0 No test required X Other Test --- No test required X

Appendix C 66 FAV_D10024 December 2014 Appendix C, ICAO Frequency-Channel Pairing The table below shows TX and RX frequency, respective channel spacing and the corresponding channel name or frequency, which is shown at the display of the FSG 90 in the range from 118.000 MHz to 118.1000 MHz. In combined 8.33 kHz / 25 kHz channel spacing mode, the active Channel Name is displayed with 6 digits. In "25 kHz only" channel spacing mode, frequencies are displayed with 5 digits. This allows unique identification of the mode used. Of course this frequency-channel pairing plan also applies to all other frequencies between 118.1000 MHz and 136.9750 MHz. Operating frequency (MHz) Channel Spacing (kHz) 8.33/25 kHz Mode Channel Name = Display at FSG 90 25 kHz Mode Frequency = Display at FSG 90 118.0000 25 118.000 118.00 118.0000 8.33 118.005 118.0083 8.33 118.010 118.0166 8.33 118.015 118.0250 25 118.025 118.02 118.0250 8.33 118.030 118.0333 8.33 118.035 118.0416 8.33 118.040 118.0500 25 118.050 118.05 118.0500 8.33 118.055 118.0583 8.33 118.060 118.0666 8.33 118.065 118.0750 25 118.075 118.07 118.0750 8.33 118.080 118.0833 8.33 118.085 118.0916 8.33 118.090 118.1000 25 118.100 118.10 118.1000 8.33 118.105 etc. etc. etc. etc.

Heinz-Strachowitz-Str. 4  86807 Buchloe  Germany Telephone +49 (0)8241 / 80066-0  Fax +49 (0)8241 / 8066-99 e-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.funkeavionics.de f.u.n.k.e. AVIONICS GmbH ist zertifiziert nach DIN EN ISO 9001:2008. f.u.n.k.e. AVIONICS GmbH ist anerkannter Luftfahrt-Herstellbetrieb DE.21G.0078, anerkannter Instandhaltungsbetrieb DE.145.0436 und Entwicklungsbetrieb APOA-013