D-Link DGS-3312SR Command Line Interface Reference Manual

Command Line Interface Reference Manual Third Edition (Oct 2005) Version 0.35 Printed In China RECYCLABLE

© 2005 D-Link Computer Corporation. All rights reserved. Reproduction in any manner whatsoever without the written permission of D-Link Computer Corporation is strictly forbidden. Trademarks used in this text: D-Link and the D-LINK logo are trademarks of D-Link Computer Corporation; Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other trademarks and trade names may be used in this document to refer to either the entities claiming the marks and names or their products. D-Link Computer Corporation disclaims any proprietary interest in trademarks and trade names other than its own. October 2005 P/N DGS3312SR.A3

Introduction...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Using the Console CLI..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Command Syntax........................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Basic Switch Commands................................................................................................................................................................ 12 Switch Port Commands.................................................................................................................................................................. 24 Port Security Commands................................................................................................................................................................ 27 Network Management (SNMP) Commands .................................................................................................................................. 31 Switch Utility Commands .............................................................................................................................................................. 52 Network Monitoring Commands.................................................................................................................................................... 56 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Commands.................................................................................................................. 69 Forwarding Database Commands .................................................................................................................................................. 82 Broadcast Storm Control Commands............................................................................................................................................. 89 QoS Commands.............................................................................................................................................................................. 91 Port Mirroring Commands ............................................................................................................................................................. 99 VLAN Commands........................................................................................................................................................................ 104 Link Aggregation Commands ...................................................................................................................................................... 111 IP Commands (Including IP Multinetting)................................................................................................................................... 117 IGMP Commands......................................................................................................................................................................... 122 IGMP Snooping Commands ........................................................................................................................................................ 125 MAC Notification Commands ..................................................................................................................................................... 133 Access Authentication Control Commands.................................................................................................................................. 137 SSH Commands ........................................................................................................................................................................... 161 SSL Commands............................................................................................................................................................................ 169 802.1X Commands....................................................................................................................................................................... 174 Access Control List (ACL) Commands ....................................................................................................................................... 186 Traffic Segmentation Commands................................................................................................................................................. 195 Stacking Commands..................................................................................................................................................................... 197 D-Link Single IP Management Commands ................................................................................................................................. 200 Time and SNTP Commands......................................................................................................................................................... 210 ARP Commands........................................................................................................................................................................... 216 VRRP Commands ........................................................................................................................................................................ 220 Routing Table Commands............................................................................................................................................................ 227 Route Redistribution Commands ................................................................................................................................................. 231 BOOTP Relay Commands ........................................................................................................................................................... 237 DNS Relay Commands ................................................................................................................................................................ 241

MD5 Configuration Commands ...................................................................................................................................................259 OSPF Configuration Commands ..................................................................................................................................................262 Command History List..................................................................................................................................................................282 Technical Specifications...............................................................................................................................................................284 VCCI Warning...................................................................................................................................................................................286

1 1 INTRODUCTION The switch can be managed through the switch’s serial port, Telnet, or the Web-based management agent. The Command Line Interface (CLI) can be used to configure and manage the switch via the serial port or Telnet interfaces. This manual provides a reference for all of the commands contained in the CLI. Configuration and management of the switch via the Web-based management agent is discussed in the User’s Guide. Accessing the Switch via the Serial Port The switch’s serial port’s default settings are as follows: • 9600 baud • no parity • 8 data bits • 1 stop bit A computer running a terminal emulation program capable of emulating a VT-100 terminal and a serial port configured as above is then connected to the switch’s serial port via an RS-232 DB-9 cable. With the serial port properly connected to a management computer, the following screen should be visible. If this screen does not appear, try pressing Ctrl+r to refresh the console screen. Figure 1-1. Initial CLI screen

2 There is no initial username or password. Just press the Enter key twice to display the CLI input cursor − DGS-3312SR:4#. This is the command line where all commands are input. Setting the Switch’s IP Address Each Switch must be assigned its own IP Address, which is used for communication with an SNMP network manager or other TCP/IP application (for example BOOTP, TFTP). The switch’s default IP address is 10.90.90.90. You can change the default Switch IP address to meet the specification of your networking address scheme. The switch is also assigned a unique MAC address by the factory. This MAC address cannot be changed, and can be found on the initial boot console screen – shown below. Figure 1-2. Boot Screen The switch’s MAC address can also be found in the Web management program on the Switch Information (Basic Settings) window on the Configuration menu. The IP address for the switch must be set before it can be managed with the Web-based manager. The switch IP address can be automatically set using BOOTP or DHCP protocols, in which case the actual address assigned to the switch must be known. The IP address may be set using the Command Line Interface (CLI) over the console serial port as follows: 1. Starting at the command line prompt, enter the commands config ipif System ipaddress xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yyy.yyy.yyy.yyy. Where the x’s represent the IP address to be assigned to the IP interface named System and the y’s represent the corresponding subnet mask. 2. Alternatively, you can enter config ipif System ipaddress xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/z. Where the x’s represent the IP address to be assigned to the IP interface named System and the z represents the corresponding number of subnets in CIDR notation. The IP interface named System on the switch can be assigned an IP address and subnet mask which can then be used to connect a management station to the switch’s Telnet or Web-based management agent.

3 Figure 1-3. Assigning an IP Address In the above example, the switch was assigned an IP address of 10.53.13.144/8 with a subnet mask of 255.0.0.0. The system message Success indicates that the command was executed successfully. The switch can now be configured and managed via Telnet and the CLI or via the Web-based management agent using the above IP address to connect to the switch.

4 2 USING THE CONSOLE CLI The DGS-3312SR supports a console management interface that allows the user to connect to the switch’s management agent via a serial port and a terminal or a computer running a terminal emulation program. The console can also be used over the network using the TCP/IP Telnet protocol. The console program can be used to configure the switch to use an SNMP-based network management software over the network. This chapter describes how to use the console interface to access the switch, change its settings, and monitor its operation. Note: Switch configuration settings are saved to non-volatile RAM using the save command. The current configuration will then be retained in the switch’s NV-RAM, and reloaded when the switch is rebooted. If the switch is rebooted without using the save command, the last configuration saved to NV-RAM will be loaded. Connecting to the Switch The console interface is used by connecting the Switch to a VT100-compatible terminal or a computer running an ordinary terminal emulator program (e.g., the HyperTerminal program included with the Windows operating system) using an RS-232C serial cable. Your terminal parameters will need to be set to: • VT-100 compatible • 9600 baud • 8 data bits • No parity • One stop bit • No flow control You can also access the same functions over a Telnet interface. Once you have set an IP address for your Switch, you can use a Telnet program (in VT-100 compatible terminal mode) to access and control the Switch. All of the screens are identical, whether accessed from the console port or from a Telnet interface. After the switch reboots and you have logged in, the console looks like this:

5 Figure 2-1. Initial Console Screen Commands are entered at the command prompt, DGS-3312SR:4#. There are a number of helpful features included in the CLI. Entering the ? command will display a list of all of the top-level commands. Figure 2-2. The ? Command

6 When you enter a command without its required parameters, the CLI will prompt you with a Next possible completions: message. Figure 2-3. Example Command Parameter Help In this case, the command config account was entered with the parameter . The CLI will then prompt you to enter the with the message, Next possible completions:. Every command in the CLI has this feature, and complex commands have several layers of parameter prompting. In addition, after typing any given command plus one space, you can see all of the next possible sub-commands, in sequential order, by repeatedly pressing the Tab key. To re-enter the previous command at the command prompt, press the up arrow cursor key. The previous command will appear at the command prompt.

7 Figure 2-4. Using the Up Arrow to Re-enter a Command In the above example, the command config account was entered without the required parameter , the CLI returned the Next possible completions: prompt. The up arrow cursor control key was pressed to re-enter the previous command (config account) at the command prompt. Now the appropriate User name can be entered and the config account command re-executed. All commands in the CLI function in this way. In addition, the syntax of the help prompts are the same as presented in this manual − angle brackets < > indicate a numerical value or character string, braces { } indicate optional parameters or a choice of parameters, and brackets [ ] indicate required parameters. If a command is entered that is unrecognized by the CLI, the top-level commands will be displayed under the Available commands: prompt.

8 Figure 2-5. The Next Available Commands Prompt The top-level commands consist of commands such as show or config. Most of these commands require one or more parameters to narrow the top-level command. This is equivalent to show what? or config what? Where the what? is the next parameter. For example, if you enter the show command with no additional parameters, the CLI will then display all of the possible next parameters. Figure 2-6. Next possible completions: Show Command

9 In the above example, all of the possible next parameters for the show command are displayed. At the next command prompt, the up arrow was used to re-enter the show command, followed by the account parameter. The CLI then displays the user accounts configured on the switch.

10 3 COMMAND SYNTAX The following symbols are used to describe how command entries are made and values and arguments are specified in this manual. The online help contained in the CLI and available through the console interface uses the same syntax. Note: All commands are case-sensitive. Be sure to disable Caps Lock or any other unwanted function that changes text case. Purpose Encloses a variable or value that must be specified. Syntax create ipif vlan ipaddress Description In the above syntax example, you must supply an IP interface name in the space, a VLAN name in the space, and the network address in the space. Do not type the angle brackets. Example Command create ipif Engineering vlan Design ipaddress 10.24.22.5/255.0.0.0 [square brackets] Purpose Encloses a required value or set of required arguments. One value or argument can be specified. Syntax create account [admin | user] Description In the above syntax example, you must specify either an admin or a user level account to be created. Do not type the square brackets. Example Command create account admin | vertical bar Purpose Separates two or more mutually exclusive items in a list, one of which must be entered. Syntax show snmp [community | detail] Description In the above syntax example, you must specify either community, or detail. Do not type the backslash. Example Command show snmp community {braces} Purpose Encloses an optional value or set of optional arguments.

11 {braces} Syntax reset {[config | system]} Description In the above syntax example, you have the option to specify config or system. It is not necessary to specify either optional value, however the effect of the system reset is dependent on which, if any, value is specified. Therefore, with this example there are three possible outcomes of performing a system reset. See the following chapter, Basic Commands for more details about the reset command. Example command reset config Line Editing Key Usage Delete Deletes the character under the cursor and then shifts the remaining characters in the line to the left. Backspace Deletes the character to the left of the cursor and shifts the remaining characters in the line to the left. Left Arrow Moves the cursor to the left. Right Arrow Moves the cursor to the right. Up Arrow Repeat the previously entered command. Each time the up arrow is pressed, the command previous to that displayed appears. This way it is possible to review the command history for the current session. Use the down arrow to progress sequentially forward through the command history list. Down Arrow The down arrow will display the next command in the command history entered in the current session. This displays each command sequentially as it was entered. Use the up arrow to review previous commands. Tab Shifts the cursor to the next field to the left. Multiple Page Display Control Keys Space Displays the next page. CTRL+c Stops the display of remaining pages when multiple pages are to be displayed. ESC Stops the display of remaining pages when multiple pages are to be displayed. n Displays the next page. p Displays the previous page. q Stops the display of remaining pages when multiple pages are to be displayed. r Refreshes the pages currently displayed. a Displays the remaining pages without pausing between pages. Enter Displays the next line or table entry.

12 4 BASIC SWITCH COMMANDS The basic switch commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters create account [admin | user] config account show account delete account show session show switch show config [current_config | config_in_NVRAM] show serial_port config serial_port {baud_rate [9600 | 19200 | 38400 | 115200] auto_logout [never | 2_minutes | 5_minutes | 10_minutes | 15_minutes]} enable clipaging disable clipaging enable telnet disable telnet enable web disable web save reboot reset {[config | system]} login logout Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. create account Purpose Used to create user accounts Syntax create [admin | user] Description The create account command is used to create user accounts that consist of a username of 1 to 15 characters and a password of 0 to 15 characters. Up to 8 user accounts can be created. Parameters admin user Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command.

13 create account Usernames can be between 1 and 15 characters. Passwords can be between 0 and 15 characters. Example usage: To create an administrator-level user account with the username “dlink”. DGS-3312SR:4#create account admin dlink Command: create account admin dlink Enter a case-sensitive new password:**** Enter the new password again for confirmation:**** Success. DGS-3312SR:4# config account Purpose Used to configure user accounts Syntax config account Description The config account command configures a user account that has been created using the create account command. Parameters Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Usernames can be between 1 and 15 characters. Passwords can be between 0 and 15 characters. Example usage: To configure the user password of “dlink” account: DGS-3312SR:4#config account dlink Command: config account dlink Enter a old password:**** Enter a case-sensitive new password:**** Enter the new password again for confirmation:**** Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

14 show account Purpose Used to display user accounts Syntax show account Description Displays all user accounts created on the switch. Up to 8 user accounts can exist on the switch at one time. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the accounts created: DGS-3312SR:4#show account Command: show account Current Accounts: Username Access Level --------------- ------------ dlink Admin DGS-3312SR:4# delete account Purpose Used to delete an existing user account Syntax delete account Description The delete account command deletes a user account that has been created using the create account command. Parameters Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete the user account “System”: DGS-3312SR:4#delete account System Command: delete account System Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

15 show switch Purpose Used to display information about the switch. Syntax show switch Description This command displays information about the switch. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the switch information: DGS-3312SR:4#show switch Command: show switch Device Type : DGS-3312SR Gigabit-Ethernet Switch Module 1 Type : Empty Module 2 Type : Empty Unit ID : 15 MAC Address : DA-10-21-00-00-01 IP Address : 10.41.44.22 (Manual) VLAN Name : default Subnet Mask : 255.0.0.0 Default Gateway : 0.0.0.0 Boot PROM Version : Build 2.00.003 Firmware Version : Build 3.50-B06 Hardware Version : 2A1 Device S/N : System Name : DGS-3312SR_#3 System Location : 7th_flr_east_cabinet System Contact : Julius_Erving_212-555-6666 Spanning Tree : Disabled GVRP : Disabled IGMP Snooping : Disabled TELNET : Enabled (TCP 23) WEB : Enabled (TCP 80) RMON : Disabled RIP : Disabled DVMRP : Disabled PIM-DM : Disabled OSPF : Disabled DGS-3312SR:4#

16 show config Purpose Used to display the configuration of the switch. Syntax show config [current_config | config_in_NVRAM] Description This command displays either the current configuration of the switch, or the configuration stored in the switch’s NVRAM. Parameters current_config − displays the switch’s current configuration. If you have entered a configuration command, but have not saved the configuration in the switch’s Non-Volatile RAM (NVRAM), this configuration will differ from the one saved in the switch’s NVRAM. config_in_NVRAM − displays the switch’s configuration saved in the switch’s NVRAM. Any configuration commands that have been entered, but not saved in the switch’s NVRAM will not be shown. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To display the switch’s configuration information: DGS-3312SR:4#show config current_config Command: show current_config # BASIC config serial_port baud_rate 9600 auto_logout 10_minutes enable telnet 23 enable web 80 # STORM config traffic control 15:1-15:2 broadcast disable multicast disable dlf disable threshold 128 # GM config sim candidate disable sim config sim dp_interval 30 config sim hold_time 100 # SYSLOG disable syslog #QOS config scheduling_mechanism round_robin config scheduling_mechanism round_robin config scheduling_mechanism round_robin config scheduling_mechanism round_robin config scheduling_mechanism round_robin config scheduling_mechanism round_robin config scheduling_mechanism round_robin config scheduling_mechanism round_robin config 802.1p user_priority 0 2

17 config 802.1p user_priority 1 0 config 802.1p user_priority 2 1 config 802.1p user_priority 3 3 config 802.1p user_priority 4 4 config 802.1p user_priority 5 5 config 802.1p user_priority 6 6 config 802.1p user_priority 7 7 config 802.1p default_priority 15:1-15:12 0 config bandwidth_control 15:1 rx_r CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page ENTER Next Entry a All show serial_port Purpose Used to display the current serial port settings. Syntax show serial_port Description This command displays the current serial port settings. Parameters None. Restrictions None Example usage: To display the serial port setting: DGS-3312SR:4#show serial_port Command: show serial_port Baud Rate : 9600 Data Bits : 8 Parity Bits : None Stop Bits : 1 Auto-Logout : 10 mins DGS-3312SR:4# config serial_port Purpose Used to configure the serial port. Syntax config serial_port {baud_rate [9600 | 19200 | 38400 | 115200] | auto_logout [never | 2_minutes | 5_minutes | 10_minutes | 15_minutes]} Description This command is used to configure the serial port’s baud rate and auto logout settings. Parameters baud_rate [9600 | 19200 | 38400 | 115200] − The serial bit rate used to communicate with the management host. auto logout – This parameter will set the time that the switch will wait before logging out automatically, if left idle. The choices that accompany this parameter are:

18 config serial_port ƒ never − No time limit on the length of time the console can be open with no user input. ƒ 2_minutes − The console will log out the current user if there is no user input for 2 minutes. ƒ 5_minutes − The console will log out the current user if there is no user input for 5 minutes. ƒ 10_minutes − The console will log out the current user if there is no user input for 10 minutes. ƒ 15_minutes − The console will log out the current user if there is no user input for 15 minutes. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure baud rate: DGS-3312SR:4#config serial_port baud_rate 9600 Command: config serial_port baud_rate 9600 Success. DGS-3312SR:4# enable clipaging Purpose Used to pause the scrolling of the console screen when the show command displays more than one page. Syntax enable clipaging Description This command is used when issuing the show command which causes the console screen to rapidly scroll through several pages. This command will cause the console to pause at the end of each page. The default setting is enabled. Parameters None. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable pausing of the screen display when the show command output reaches the end of the page: DGS-3312SR:4#enable clipaging Command: enable clipaging Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

19 disable clipaging Purpose Used to disable the pausing of the console screen scrolling at the end of each page when the show command displays more than one screen of information. Syntax disable clipaging Description This command is used to disable the pausing of the console screen at the end of each page when the show command would display more than one screen of information. Parameters None. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable pausing of the screen display when show command output reaches the end of the page: DGS-3312SR:4#disable clipaging Command: disable clipaging Success. DGS-3312SR:4# enable telnet Purpose Used to enable communication with and management of the switch using the Telnet protocol. Syntax enable telnet Description This command is used to enable the Telnet protocol on the switch. The user can specify the TCP or UDP port number the switch will use to listen for Telnet requests. Parameters − The TCP port number. TCP ports are numbered between 1 and 65535. The “well-known” TCP port for the Telnet protocol is 23. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable Telnet and configure port number: DGS-3312SR:4#enable telnet 23 Command: enable telnet 23 Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

20 disable telnet Purpose Used to disable the Telnet protocol on the switch. Syntax disable telnet Description This command is used to disable the Telnet protocol on the switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable the Telnet protocol on the switch: DGS-3312SR:4#disable telnet Command: disable telnet Success. DGS-3312SR:4# enable web Purpose Used to enable the HTTP-based management software on the switch. Syntax enable web Description This command is used to enable the Web-based management software on the switch. The user can specify the TCP port number the switch will use to listen for Telnet requests. Parameters − The TCP port number. TCP ports are numbered between 1 and 65535. The “well-known” port for the Web-based management software is 80. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable HTTP and configure port number: DGS-3312SR:4#enable web 80 Command: enable web 80 Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

21 disable web Purpose Used to disable the HTTP-based management software on the switch. Syntax disable web Description This command disables the Web-based management software on the switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable HTTP: DGS-3312SR:4#disable web Command: disable web Success. DGS-3312SR:4# save Purpose Used to save changes in the switch’s configuration to non-volatile RAM. Syntax save Description This command is used to enter the current switch configuration into non-volatile RAM. The saved switch configuration will be loaded into the switch’s memory each time the switch is restarted. Parameters Entering just the save command will save the switch configuration to NV-Ram Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To save the switch’s current configuration to non-volatile RAM: DGS-3312SR:4#save Command: save Saving all configurations to NV-RAM… Done DGS-3312SR:4#

22 reboot Purpose Used to restart the switch. Syntax reboot Description This command is used to restart the switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To restart the switch: DGS-3312SR:4#reboot Command: reboot Are you sure want to proceed with the system reboot? (y/n) Please wait, the switch is rebooting... reset Purpose Used to reset the switch to the factory default settings. Syntax reset {[config | system]} Description This command is used to restore the switch’s configuration to the default settings assigned from the factory. Parameters config − If the keyword ‘config’ is specified, all of the factory default settings are restored on the switch including the IP address, user accounts, and the switch history log. The switch will not save or reboot. system − If the keyword ‘system’ is specified all of the factory default settings are restored on the switch. The switch will save and reboot after the settings are changed to default. Rebooting will clear all entries in the Forwarding Data Base. If no parameter is specified, the switch’s current IP address, user accounts, and the switch history log are not changed. All other parameters are restored to the factory default settings. The switch will not save or reboot. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To restore all of the switch’s parameters to their default values: DGS-3312SR:4#reset config Command: reset config Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

23 login Purpose Used to log in a user to the switch’s console. Syntax login Description This command is used to initiate the login procedure. The user will be prompted for his Username and Password. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To initiate the login procedure: DGS-3312SR:4#login Command: login UserName: logout Purpose Used to log out a user from the switch’s console. Syntax logout Description This command terminates the current user’s session on the switch’s console. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To terminate the current user’s console session: DGS-3312SR:4#logout

24 5 SWITCH PORT COMMANDS The switch port commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters config ports [ {speed [auto | 10_half | 10_full | 100_half | 100_full | 1000_full {[master | slave]}} | flow_control [enable | disable] | learning [enable | disable] | state [enable | disable] description | clear]} show ports {} {description} Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. NOTE: As a stand-alone switch or as a master switch in a switch stack, the switch number will be referred to as 15 for all configurations, graphs and tables. config ports Purpose Used to configure the Switch’s Ethernet port settings. Syntax [ {speed [auto | 10_half | 10_full | 100_half | 100_full | 1000_full{[master | slave]}} | flow_control [enable | disable] | learning [enable | disable] state [enable | disable] description | clear]} Description This command allows for the configuration of the switch’s Ethernet ports. Only the ports listed in the will be affected. Parameters − Specifies a range of ports to be configured. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. all − Configure all ports on the switch. auto − Enables auto-negotiation for the specified range of ports. [10 | 100 | 1000] − Configures the speed in Mbps for the specified range of ports. [half | full] − Configures the specified range of ports as either full- or half-duplex. {[master | slave}] − Configures the specified range of ports as either master or slave ports.

25 config ports flow_control [enable | disable] – Enable or disable flow control for the specified ports. learning [enable | disable] − Enables or disables the MAC address learning on the specified range of ports. state [enable | disable] − Enables or disables the specified range of ports. description - Enter an alphanumeric string of no more than 32 characters to describe a selected port interface. clear - Enter this command to clear the port description of the selected port(s). Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the speed of port 3 to be 10 Mbps, full duplex, learning and state enable: DGS-3312SR:4#config ports 1:1-1:3 speed 10_full learning enable state enable Command: config ports 1:1-1:3 speed 10_full learning enable state enable Success. DGS-3312SR:4# show ports Purpose Used to display the current configuration of a range of ports. Syntax show ports {} {description} Description This command is used to display the current configuration of a range of ports. Parameters − Specifies a range of ports to be configured. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3- 2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. description – Enter this parameter to view the description of the port previously set in the config ports command. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the configuration of all ports on a standalone switch:

26 DGS-3312SR:4#show ports Command show ports: Port Port Settings Connection Address State Speed/Duplex/FlowCtrl Speed/Duplex/FlowCtrl Learning ------ -------- --------------------- --------------------- -------- 15:1 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 15:2 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 15:3 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 15:4 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 15:5 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 15:6 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 15:7 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 15:8 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 15:9 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 15:10 Enabled Auto/Enabled 100M/Full/802.3x Enabled 15:11 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 15:12 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh Example usage: To view port 1:1 with description DGS-3312SR:4# show ports 15:1 description Command: show ports 15:1 description Port Port Settings Connection Address State Speed/Duplex/FlowCtrl Speed/Duplex/FlowCtrl Learning ------ -------- --------------------- --------------------- -------- 1:1 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled Desc: Darren’s CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh

27 6 PORT SECURITY COMMANDS The switch port security commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters config port_security ports [| all] {admin_state [enable | disable] | max_learning_addr | lock_address_mode [Permanent | DeleteOnTimeout | DeleteOnReset]} show port_security {ports } delete port_security_entry vlan_name mac_address port clear port_security_entry port Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. NOTE: As a stand-alone switch or as a master switch in a switch stack, the switch number will be referred to as 15 for all configurations, graphs and tables. config port_security ports Purpose Used to configure port security settings. Syntax config [ | all] {admin_state [enable | disable] | max_learning_addr | lock_address_mode [Permanent | DeleteOnTimeout | DeleteOnReset]} Description This command allows for the configuration of the port security feature. Only the ports listed in the are affected. Parameters − Specifies a range of ports to be configured. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. all − Configure port security for all ports on the switch. admin_state [enable | disable] – Enables or disables port security for the listed ports. max_learning_addr - Use this to limit the number of MAC addresses dynamically listed in the FDB for the ports.

28 config port_security ports lock_address_mode [Permanent | DeleteOnTimeout | DeleteOnReset] – Delete FDB dynamic entries for the ports on timeout of the FDB (see Forwarding Database Commands). Specify DeleteOnReset to delete all FDB entries, including static entries upon system reset or rebooting. Entering the Permanent parameter will permanently set the MAC address in the switch’s memory until deleted by the user. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the port security: DGS-3312SR:4#config port_security ports 1:1-1:5 admin_state enable max_learning_addr 5 lock_address_mode DeleteOnReset Command: config port_security ports 1:1-1:5 admin_state enable max_learning_addr 5 lock_address_mode DeleteOnReset Success DGS-3312SR:4# show port_security Purpose Used to display the current port security configuration. Syntax show port_security {ports } Description This command is used to display port security information of the switch ports. The information displayed includes port security admin state, maximum number of learning address and lock mode. Parameters − Specifies a range of ports to be viewed. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the port security configuration:

29 DGS-3312SR:4#show port_security ports Command: show port_security ports Port# Admin State Max. Learning Addr. Lock Address Mode ---- ----------- ------------------- ----------------- 15:1 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 15:2 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 15:3 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 15:4 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 15:5 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 15:6 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 15:7 Enabled 10 DeleteOnReset 15:8 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 15:9 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 15:10 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 15:11 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 15:12 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh delete port_security_entry_vlan_name Purpose Used to delete an entry from the switch’s port security settings. Syntax delete port_security_entry_vlan_name mac_address port Description This command is used to remove an entry from the port security entries learned by the switch and entered into the forwarding database. Parameters - Enter the corresponding vlan of the entry the user wishes to delete. mac_address - Enter the corresponding MAC address of the entry the user wishes to delete. port - Enter the corresponding port of the entry to delete. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete an entry from the port security list: DGS-3312SR:4#delete port_security_entry_vlan_name default mac_address 00-0C-6E-73-2B-C9 port 1:1 Command: delete port_security_entry_vlan_name default mac_address 00-0C-6E-73-2B-C9 port 1:1 Success DGS-3312SR:4#

30 clear port_security_entry port Purpose Used to clear MAC address entries learned from a specified port for the port security function. Syntax clear port_security_entry port Description This command is used to clear MAC address entries which were learned by the switch by a specified port. This command only relates to the port security function. Parameters − Specifies a port or port range the user wishes to clear. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To clear a port security entry by port: DGS-3312SR:4# clear port_security_entry port 6 Command: clear port_security_entry port 6 Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

31 7 NETWORK MANAGEMENT (SNMP) COMMANDS The DGS-3312SR supports the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) versions 1, 2c, and 3. You can specify which version of the SNMP you want to use to monitor and control the switch. The three versions of SNMP vary in the level of security provided between the management station and the network device. The following table lists the security features of the three SNMP versions: The network management commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. SNMP Version Authentication Method Description v1 Community String Community String is used for authentication − NoAuthNoPriv v2c Community String Community String is used for authentication − NoAuthNoPriv v3 Username Username is used for authentication − NoAuthNoPriv v3 MD5 or SHA Authentication is based on the HMAC-MD5 or HMAC-SHA algorithms − AuthNoPriv v3 MD5 DES or SHA DES Authentication is based on the HMAC-MD5 or HMAC-SHA algorithms − AuthPriv. DES 56-bit encryption is added based on the CBC-DES (DES-56) standard Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. Command Parameters create snmp user create snmp user {encrypted [by_password auth [md5 | sha ] priv [none | des ] | by_key auth [md5 | sha ] priv [none | des ]]} delete snmp user show snmp user create snmp view view_type [included | excluded] delete snmp view [all | oid] show snmp view create snmp community view [read_only | read_write] delete snmp community show snmp community config snmp engineID show snmp engineID

32 Command Parameters create snmp group {v1 | v2c |v3 [noauth_nopriv | auth_nopriv | auth_priv ]} {read_view | write_view | notify_view } delete snmp group show snmp groups create snmp host {v1 | v2c | v3 [noauth_nopriv | auth_nopriv | auth_priv]} delete snmp host show snmp host create trusted_host delete trusted_host show trusted_host enable snmp traps enable snmp authenticate_traps disable snmp traps disable snmp authenticate_traps config snmp system contact config snmp system location config snmp system name enable rmon disable rmon Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. create snmp user Purpose Used to create a new SNMP user and adds the user to an SNMP group that is also created by this command. Syntax create snmp user {encrypted [by_password auth [md5 | sha ] priv [none | des ] | by_key auth [md5 | sha ] priv [none | des ]]} Description The create snmp user command creates a new SNMP user and adds the user to an SNMP group that is also created by this command. SNMP ensures: Message integrity − Ensures that packets have not been tampered with during transit. Authentication − Determines if an SNMP message is from a valid

33 create snmp user source. Encryption − Scrambles the contents of messages to prevent it being viewed by an unauthorized source. Parameters − An alphanumeric name of up to 32 characters that will identify the new SNMP user. − An alphanumeric name of up to 32 characters that will identify the SNMP group with which the new SNMP user will be associated. encrypted – Allows the user to choose a type of authorization for authentication using SNMP. The user may choose: by_password auth – Requires the SNMP user to enter a password for authentication and privacy. The password is defined by specifying the auth_password below. This method is recommended. • md5 − Specifies that the HMAC-MD5-96 authentication level will be used. md5 may be utilized by entering the following: • - An alphanumeric sting of between 8 and 16 characters,used to authorize the agent to receive packets for the host. • sha − Specifies that the HMAC-SHA-96 authentication level will be used. • - An alphanumeric sting of between 8 and 20 characters, used to authorize the agent to receive packets for the host. priv – Adding the priv (privacy) parameter will allow for encryption in addition to the authentication algorithm for higher security. The user may choose: • des – Adding this parameter will allow for a 56-bit encryption to be added using the DES-56 standard using: • - An alphanumeric string of between 8 and 16 characters that will be used to encrypt the contents of messages the host sends to the agent. by_key auth – Requires the SNMP user to enter an encryption key for authentication and privacy. The key is defined by specifying the key in hex form below. This method is not recommended. • md5 − Specifies that the HMAC-MD5-96 authentication level will be used. md5 may be utilized by entering the following: • - Enter an alphanumeric sting of exactly 32 characters, in hex form, to define the key that will be used to authorize the agent to receive packets for the host. • sha − Specifies that the HMAC-SHA-96 authentication level will be used. ƒ - Enter an alphanumeric sting

34 create snmp user of exactly 40 characters, in hex form, to define the key that will be used to authorize the agent to receive packets for the host. priv – Adding the priv (privacy) parameter will allow for encryption in addition to the authentication algorithm for higher security. The user may choose: • none – Adding this parameter will add no encryption. • des – Adding this parameter will allow for a 56-bit encryption to be added using the DES-56 standard using: - Enter an alphanumeric key string of exactly 32 characters, in hex form, that will be used to encrypt the contents of messages the host sends to the agent. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create an SNMP user on the switch: DGS-3312SR:4#create snmp user dlink default encrypted by_password auth md5 auth_password priv none Command: create snmp user dlink default encrypted by_password auth md5 auth_password priv none Success. DGS-3312SR:4# delete snmp user Purpose Used to remove an SNMP user from an SNMP group and also to delete the associated SNMP group. Syntax delete snmp user Description The delete snmp user command removes an SNMP user from its SNMP group and then deletes the associated SNMP group. Parameters − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that identifies the SNMP user that will be deleted. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete a previously entered SNMP user on the switch: DGS-3312SR:4#delete snmp user dlink Command: delete snmp user dlink Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

35 show snmp user Purpose Used to display information about each SNMP username in the SNMP group username table. Syntax show snmp user Description The show snmp user command displays information about each SNMP username in the SNMP group username table. Parameters None. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To display the SNMP users currently configured on the switch: DGS-3312SR:4#show snmp user Command: show snmp user Username Group Name Ver Auth Priv --------------- -------------- ------------ -------------------- ------------------ initial initial V3 None None Total Entries: 1 DGS-3312SR:4# create snmp view Purpose Used to assign views to community strings to limit which MIB objects and SNMP manager can access. Syntax create snmp view view_type [included | excluded] Description The create snmp view command assigns views to community strings to limit which MIB objects an SNMP manager can access. Parameters − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that identifies the SNMP view that will be created. − The object ID that identifies an object tree (MIB tree) that will be included or excluded from access by an SNMP manager. included − Include this object in the list of objects that an SNMP manager can access. excluded − Exclude this object from the list of objects that an SNMP manager can access. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create an SNMP view:

36 DGS-3312SR:4#create snmp view dlinkview 1.3.6 view_type included Command: create snmp view dlinkview 1.3.6 view_type included Success. DGS-3312SR:4# delete snmp view Purpose Used to remove an SNMP view entry previously created on the switch. Syntax delete snmp view [all | ] Description The delete snmp view command is used to remove an SNMP view previously created on the switch. Parameters − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that identifies the SNMP view to be deleted. all − Specifies that all of the SNMP views on the switch will be deleted. − The object ID that identifies an object tree (MIB tree) that will be deleted from the switch. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete a previously configured SNMP view from the switch: DGS-3312SR:4#delete snmp view dlinkview all Command: delete snmp view dlinkview all Success. DGS-3312SR:4# show snmp view Purpose Used to display an SNMP view previously created on the switch. Syntax show snmp view {} Description The show snmp view command displays an SNMP view previously created on the switch. Parameters − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that identifies the SNMP view that will be displayed. Restrictions None. Example usage:

37 To display SNMP view configuration: DGS-3312SR:4#show snmp view Command: show snmp view Vacm View Table Settings View Name Subtree View Type -------------------- ------------------------- ---------- ReadView 1 Included WriteView 1 Included NotifyView 1.3.6 Included restricted 1.3.6.1.2.1.1 Included restricted 1.3.6.1.2.1.11 Included restricted 1.3.6.1.6.3.10.2.1 Included restricted 1.3.6.1.6.3.11.2.1 Included restricted 1.3.6.1.6.3.15.1.1 Included CommunityView 1 Included CommunityView 1.3.6.1.6.3 Excluded CommunityView 1.3.6.1.6.3.1 Included Total Entries: 11 DGS-3312SR:4# create snmp community Purpose Used to create an SNMP community string to define the relationship between the SNMP manager and an agent. The community string acts like a password to permit access to the agent on the switch. One or more of the following characteristics can be associated with the community string: An Access List of IP addresses of SNMP managers that are permitted to use the community string to gain access to the switch’s SNMP agent. An MIB view that defines the subset of all MIB objects that will be accessible to the SNMP community. Read write or read-only level permission for the MIB objects accessible to the SNMP community. Syntax create snmp community view [read_only | read_write] Description The create snmp community command is used to create an SNMP community string and to assign access-limiting characteristics to this community string. Parameters − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify members of an SNMP community. This string is used like a password to give remote SNMP managers access to MIB objects in the switch’s SNMP agent. − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify the group of MIB objects that a remote SNMP manager is allowed to access on the switch. read_only − Specifies that SNMP community members using the community string created with this command can only read the

38 create snmp community contents of the MIBs on the switch. read_write − Specifies that SNMP community members using the community string created with this command can read from and write to the contents of the MIBs on the switch. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create the SNMP community string “dlink:” DGS-3312SR:4#create snmp community dlink view ReadView read_write Command: create snmp community dlink view ReadView read_write Success. DGS-3312SR:4# delete snmp community Purpose Used to remove a specific SNMP community string from the switch. Syntax delete snmp community Description The delete snmp community command is used to remove a previously defined SNMP community string from the switch. Parameters − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify members of an SNMP community. This string is used like a password to give remote SNMP managers access to MIB objects in the switch’s SNMP agent. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete the SNMP community string “dlink:” DGS-3312SR:4#delete snmp community dlink Command: delete snmp community dlink Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

39 show snmp community Purpose Used to display SNMP community strings configured on the switch. Syntax show snmp community {} Description The show snmp community command is used to display SNMP community strings that are configured on the switch. Parameters − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify members of an SNMP community. This string is used like a password to give remote SNMP managers access to MIB objects in the switch’s SNMP agent. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the currently entered SNMP community strings: DGS-3312SR:4#show snmp community Command: show snmp community SNMP Community Table Community Name View Name Access Right ---------------------------- -------------------------------- ------------ dlink ReadView read_write private CommunityView read_write public CommunityView read_only Total Entries: 3 DGS-3312SR:4# config snmp engineID Purpose Used to configure a name for the SNMP engine on the switch. Syntax config snmp engineID Description The config snmp engineID command configures a name for the SNMP engine on the switch. Parameters − An alphanumeric string that will be used to identify the SNMP engine on the switch. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To give the SNMP agent on the switch the name “0035636666” DGS-3312SR:4#config snmp engineID 0035636666 Command: config snmp engineID 0035636666 Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

40 show snmp engineID Purpose Used to display the identification of the SNMP engine on the switch. Syntax show snmp engineID Description The show snmp engineID command displays the identification of the SNMP engine on the switch. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the current name of the SNMP engine on the switch: DGS-3312SR:4#show snmp engineID Command: show snmp engineID SNMP Engine ID : 0035636666 DGS-3312SR:4# create snmp group Purpose Used to create a new SNMP group, or a table that maps SNMP users to SNMP views. Syntax create snmp group [v1 | v2c | v3 [noauth_nopriv | auth_nopriv | auth_priv]] {read_view | write_view | notify_view } Description The create snmp group command creates a new SNMP group, or a table that maps SNMP users to SNMP views. Parameters − An alphanumeric name of up to 32 characters that will identify the SNMP group with which the new SNMP user will be associated. v1 – Specifies that SNMP version 1 will be used. The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), version 1, is a network management protocol that provides a means to monitor and control network devices. v2c – Specifies that SNMP version 2c will be used. The SNMP v2c supports both centralized and distributed network management strategies. It includes improvements in the Structure of Management Information (SMI) and adds some security features. v3 – Specifies that the SNMP version 3 will be used. SNMP v3 provides secure access to devices through a combination of authentication and encrypting packets over the network. SNMP v3 adds:

41 create snmp group ƒ Message integrity − Ensures that packets have not been tampered with during transit. ƒ Authentication − Determines if an SNMP message is from a valid source. ƒ Encryption − Scrambles the contents of messages to prevent it being viewed by an unauthorized source. noauth_nopriv − Specifies that no authorization and no encryption of packets is sent between the switch and a remote SNMP manager. auth_nopriv − Specifies that authorization will be required, but there will be no encryption of packets sent between the switch and a remote SNMP manager. auth_priv − Specifies that authorization will be required, and that packets sent between the switch and a remote SNMP manger will be encrypted. read_view – Specifies that the SNMP group being created can request SNMP messages. • − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify the group of MIB objects that a remote SNMP manager is allowed to access on the switch. write_view – Specifies write privileges for the SNMP group being created. • − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify the group of MIB objects that a remote SNMP manager is allowed to access on the switch. notify_view − Specifies that the SNMP group being created can receive SNMP trap messages generated by the switch’s SNMP agent. • − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify the group of MIB objects that a remote SNMP manager is allowed to access on the switch. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create an SNMP group named “sg1:” DGS-3312SR:4#create snmp group sg1 v3 noauth_nopriv read_view v1 write_view v1 notify_view v1 Command: create snmp group sg1 v3 noauth_nopriv read_view v1 write_view v1 notify_view v1 Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

42 delete snmp group Purpose Used to remove an SNMP group from the switch. Syntax delete snmp group Description The delete snmp group command is used to remove an SNMP group from the switch. Parameters − An alphanumeric name of up to 32 characters that will identify the SNMP group to be deleted. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete the SNMP group named “sg1”. DGS-3312SR:4#delete snmp group sg1 Command: delete snmp group sg1 Success. DGS-3312SR:4# show snmp groups Purpose Used to display the group-names of SNMP groups currently configured on the switch. The security model, level, and status of each group are also displayed. Syntax show snmp groups Description The show snmp groups command displays the group-names of SNMP groups currently configured on the switch. The security model, level, and status of each group are also displayed. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the currently configured SNMP groups on the switch: DGS-3312SR:4#show snmp groups Command: show snmp groups Vacm Access Table Settings Group Name : Group3 ReadView Name : ReadView WriteView Name : WriteView Notify View Name : NotifyView Security Model : SNMPv3 Security Level : NoAuthNoPriv Group Name : Group4 ReadView Name : ReadView WriteView Name : WriteView

43 Notify View Name : NotifyView Security Model : SNMPv3 Security Level : authNoPriv Group Name : Group5 ReadView Name : ReadView WriteView Name : WriteView Notify View Name : NotifyView Security Model : SNMPv3 Security Level : authNoPriv Total Entries: 3 DGS-3312SR:4# create snmp host Purpose Used to create a recipient of SNMP traps generated by the switch’s SNMP agent. Syntax create snmp host [v1 | v2c | v3 [noauth_nopriv | auth_nopriv | auth_priv] ] Description The create snmp host command creates a recipient of SNMP traps generated by the switch’s SNMP agent. Parameters − The IP address of the remote management station that will serve as the SNMP host for the switch. v1 – Specifies that SNMP version 1 will be used. The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), version 1, is a network management protocol that provides a means to monitor and control network devices. v2c – Specifies that SNMP version 2c will be used. The SNMP v2c supports both centralized and distributed network management strategies. It includes improvements in the Structure of Management Information (SMI) and adds some security features. v3 – Specifies that the SNMP version 3 will be used. SNMP v3 provides secure access to devices through a combination of authentication and encrypting packets over the network. SNMP v3 adds: ƒ Message integrity − Ensures that packets have not been tampered with during transit. ƒ Authentication − Determines if an SNMP message is from a valid source. ƒ Encryption − Scrambles the contents of messages to prevent it being viewed by an unauthorized source. noauth_nopriv − Specifies no authorization and no encryption of packets is sent between the switch and a remote SNMP manager. auth_nopriv − Specifies that authorization will be required, but there will be no encryption of packets sent between the switch

44 create snmp host and a remote SNMP manager. auth_priv − Specifies that authorization will be required, and that packets sent between the switch and a remote SNMP manger will be encrypted. • − An alphanumeric string used to authorize a remote SNMP manager to access the switch’s SNMP agent. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create an SNMP host to receive SNMP messages: DGS-3312SR:4#create snmp host 10.48.74.100 v3 auth_priv public Command: create snmp host 10.48.74.100 v3 auth_priv public Success. DGS-3312SR:4# delete snmp host Purpose Used to remove a recipient of SNMP traps generated by the switch’s SNMP agent. Syntax delete snmp host Description The delete snmp host command deletes a recipient of SNMP traps generated by the switch’s SNMP agent. Parameters − The IP address of a remote SNMP manager that will receive SNMP traps generated by the switch’s SNMP agent. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete an SNMP host entry: DGS-3312SR:4#delete snmp host 10.48.74.100 Command: delete snmp host 10.48.74.100 Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

45 show snmp host Purpose Used to display the recipient of SNMP traps generated by the switch’s SNMP agent. Syntax show snmp host {} Description The show snmp host command is used to display the IP addresses and configuration information of remote SNMP managers that are designated as recipients of SNMP traps that are generated by the switch’s SNMP agent. Parameters − The IP address of a remote SNMP manager that will receive SNMP traps generated by the switch’s SNMP agent. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the currently configured SNMP hosts on the switch: DGS-3312SR:4#show snmp host Command: show snmp host SNMP Host Table Host IP Address SNMP Version Community Name/SNMPv3 User Name --------------- --------------------- ------------------------------ 10.48.76.23 V2c private 10.48.74.100 V3 authpriv public Total Entries: 2 DGS-3312SR:4# create trusted_host Purpose Used to create the trusted host. Syntax create trusted_host Description The create trusted_host command creates the trusted host. The switch allows you to specify up to four IP addresses that are allowed to manage the switch via in-band SNMP or TELNET based management software. These IP addresses must be members of the Management VLAN. If no IP addresses are specified, then there is nothing to prevent any IP address from accessing the switch, provided the user knows the Username and Password. Parameters − The IP address of the trusted host. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create the trusted host:

46 DGS-3312SR:4#create trusted_host 10.48.74.121 Command: create trusted_host 10.48.74.121 Success. DGS-3312SR:4# show trusted_host Purpose Used to display a list of trusted hosts entered on the switch using the create trusted_host command above. Syntax show trusted_host Description This command is used to display a list of trusted hosts entered on the switch using the create trusted_host command above. Parameters None. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example Usage: To display the list of trust hosts: DGS-3312SR:4#show trusted_host Command: show trusted_host Management Stations IP Address -------------------- 10.53.13.94 Total Entries: 1 DGS-3312SR:4# delete trusted_host Purpose Used to delete a trusted host entry made using the create trusted_host command above. Syntax delete trusted _host Description This command is used to delete a trusted host entry made using the create trusted_host command above. Parameters − The IP address of the trusted host. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example Usage: To delete a trusted host with an IP address 10.48.74.121:

47 DGS-3312SR:4#delete trusted_host 10.48.74.121 Command: delete trusted_host 10.48.74.121 Success. DGS-3312SR:4# enable snmp traps Purpose Used to enable SNMP trap support. Syntax enable snmp traps Description The enable snmp traps command is used to enable SNMP trap support on the switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable SNMP trap support on the switch: DGS-3312SR:4#enable snmp traps Command: enable snmp traps Success. DGS-3312SR:4# enable snmp authenticate_traps Purpose Used to enable SNMP authentication trap support. Syntax enable snmp authenticate_traps Description This command is used to enable SNMP authentication trap support on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example Usage: To turn on SNMP authentication trap support: DGS-3312SR:4#enable snmp authenticate_traps Command: enable snmp authenticate_traps Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

48 disable snmp traps Purpose Used to disable SNMP trap support on the switch. Syntax disable snmp traps Description This command is used to disable SNMP trap support on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example Usage: To prevent SNMP traps from being sent from the Switch: DGS-3312SR:4#disable snmp traps Command: disable snmp traps Success. DGS-3312SR:4# disable snmp authenticate_traps Purpose Used to disable SNMP authentication trap support. Syntax disable snmp authenticate_traps Description This command is used to disable SNMP authentication support on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example Usage: To disable the SNMP authentication trap support: DGS-3312SR:4#disable snmp authenticate_traps Command: disable snmp authenticate_traps Success. DGS-3312SR:4# config snmp system_contact Purpose Used to enter the name of a contact person who is responsible for the switch. Syntax config snmp system_contact{} Description The config snmp system_contact command is used to enter the name and/or other information to identify a contact person who is responsible for the switch. A maximum of 255 character can be used. Parameters - A maximum of 255 characters is allowed. A NULL string is accepted if there is no contact. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command.

49 Example usage: To configure the switch contact to “MIS Department II”: DGS-3312SR:4#config snmp system_contact MIS Department II Command: config snmp system_contact MIS Department II Success. DGS-3312SR:4# config snmp system_location Purpose Used to enter a description of the location of the switch. Syntax config snmp system_location {} Description The config snmp system_location command is used to enter a description of the location of the switch. A maximum of 255 characters can be used. Parameters - A maximum of 255 characters is allowed. A NULL string is accepted if there is no location desired. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the switch location for “HQ 5F”: DGS-3312SR:4#config snmp system_location HQ 5F Command: config snmp system_location HQ 5F Success. DGS-3312SR:4# config snmp system_name Purpose Used to configure the name for the switch. Syntax config snmp system_name {} Description The config snmp system_name command configures the name of the switch. Parameters - A maximum of 255 characters is allowed. A NULL string is accepted if no name is desired. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage:

50 To configure the switch name for “DGS-3312SR Stackable Switch”: DGS-3312SR:4#config snmp system_name DGS-3312SR Stackable Switch Command: config snmp system_name DGS-3312SR Stackable Switch Success. DGS-3312SR:4# enable rmon Purpose Used to enable RMON on the switch. Syntax enable rmon Description This command is used, in conjunction with the disable rmon command below, to enable and disable remote monitoring (RMON) on the switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example Usage: To enable RMON: DGS-3312SR:4#enable rmon Command: enable rmon Success. DGS-3312SR:4# disable rmon Purpose Used to disable RMON on the switch. Syntax disable rmon Description This command is used, in conjunction with the enable rmon command above, to enable and disable remote monitoring (RMON) on the switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example Usage: To disable RMON:

51 DGS-3312SR:4#disable rmon Command: disable rmon Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

52 8 SWITCH UTILITY COMMANDS The switch utility commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters download [firmware {unit [all | master | ]} | configuration {increment}] upload [configuration | log] ] ping {times } {timeout } traceroute {ttl | port | timeout | probe } Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. download Purpose Used to download and install new firmware or a switch configuration file from a TFTP server. Syntax download [firmware {unit [all | master | ]} | configuration {increment}] Description This command is used to download a new firmware or a switch configuration file from a TFTP server. Parameters firmware − Download and install new firmware on the switch from a TFTP server. • − The IP address of the TFTP server. • − The DOS path and filename of the firmware or switch configuration file on a TFTP server. For example, C:\3226S.had. The length of the filename must not exceed 64 characters. • unit [all | ] − all specifies all units (switches), is the unit ID of the switch that will receive the download. • master − Specifies the master switch in a switch stack. configuration - Download a switch configuration file from a TFTP server. • − The IP address of the TFTP server. • − The DOS path and filename of the firmware or switch configuration file on a TFTP server. For example, C:\3226S.had. • increment − Allows the download of a partial switch configuration file. This allows a file to be downloaded that will change only the switch parameters explicitly stated in the configuration file. All other switch parameters will remain unchanged.

53 download Restrictions The TFTP server must be on the same IP subnet as the switch. Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To download a configuration file: DGS-3312SR:4#download configuration 10.48.74.121 c:\cfg\setting.txt Command: download configuration 10.48.74.121 c:\cfg\setting.txt Connecting to server................... Done. Download configuration............. Done. DGS-3312SR:4# upload Purpose Used to upload the current switch settings or the switch history log to a TFTP server. Syntax upload [configuration | log ] − The IP address of the TFTP server. The TFTP server must be on the same IP subnet as the switch. − Specifies the location of the switch configuration file on the TFTP server. This file will be replaced by the uploaded file from the switch. The length of the filename must not exceed 64 characters. Restrictions The TFTP server must be on the same IP subnet as the switch. Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To upload a configuration file: DGS-3312SR:4#upload configuration 10.48.74.121 c:\cfg\log.txt Command: upload configuration 10.48.74.121 c:\cfg\log.txt Connecting to server................... Done. Upload configuration...................Done. DGS-3312SR:4#

54 ping Purpose Used to test the connectivity between network devices. Syntax ping {times } {timeout } Description The ping command sends Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo messages to a remote IP address. The remote IP address will then “echo” or return the message. This is used to confirm connectivity between the switch and the remote device. Parameters - Specifies the IP address of the host. times - The number of individual ICMP echo messages to be sent. The maximum value is 255. The default is 0. timeout - Defines the time-out period while waiting for a response from the remote device. A value of 1 to 99 seconds can be specified. The default is 1 second. Pinging an IP address without the times parameter will ping the target device an infinite amount of times. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To ping the IP address 10.48.74.121 four times: DGS-3312SR:4#ping 10.48.74.121 times 4 Command: ping 10.48.74.121 times 4 Reply from 10.48.74.121, time<10ms Reply from 10.48.74.121, time<10ms Reply from 10.48.74.121, time<10ms Reply from 10.48.74.121, time<10ms Ping statistics for 10.48.74.121 Packets: Sent =4, Received =4, Lost =0 DGS-3312SR:4# traceroute Purpose Used to trace the routed path between the switch and a destination endstation. Syntax {ttl | port | timeout | probe Description The traceroute command allows you to trace a route between the switch and a give host on the network. Parameters - Specifies the IP address of the host. ttl - The time to live value of the trace route request. This is the maximum number of routers the traceroute command will cross while seeking the network path between two devices. port The port number. Must be above 1024.The value range is from 30000 to 64900 . timeout - Defines the time-out period while waiting for a response from the remote device. The user may choose an entry

55 traceroute between 1 and 65535 seconds. probe - The probe value is the number of times the switch will send probe packets to the next hop on the intended traceroute path. The default is 1. Restrictions None. Example usage: To trace the routed path between the switch and 10.48.74.121. DGS-3312SR:4#traceroute 10.48.74.121 probe 3 Command: traceroute 10.48.74.121 probe 3 1 <10ms 10.254.254.251 2 <10ms 10.55.25.35 3 <10ms 10.22.35.1 DGS-3312SR:4#

56 9 NETWORK MONITORING COMMANDS The network monitoring commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters show packet ports show error ports show utilization [cpu | unit_id ] clear counters ports clear log show log index enable syslog disable syslog show syslog create syslog host ipaddress {severity [informational | warning | all] | facility [local0 | local1 | local2 | local3 | local4 | local5 | local6 | local7] | udp_port | ipaddress | state [enable | disable]} config syslog host [all | ] {severity [informational | warning | all] | facility [local0 | local1| local2 | local3 | local4 | local5 | local6 | local7] | udp_port | ipaddress | state [enable | disable]} delete syslog host [ ] show syslog host [] Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. NOTE: As a stand-alone switch or as a master switch in a switch stack, the switch number will be referred to as 15 for all configurations, graphs and tables. show packet ports Purpose Used to display statistics about the packets sent and received by the switch. Syntax show packet ports Description This command is used to display statistics about packets sent and received by ports specified in the port list. Parameters − Specifies a range of ports to be displayed. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the

57 show packet ports highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the packets analysis for port 7 of module 2: DGS-3312SR:4#show packet port 2:7 Command: show packet port 2:7 Port number : 2:7 Frame Size Frame Counts Frames/sec Frame Type Total Total/sec ------------ ------------ ---------- ---------- ------- --------- 64 3275 10 RX Bytes 408973 1657 65-127 755 10 RX Frames 4395 19 128-255 316 1 256-511 145 0 TX Bytes 7918 178 512-1023 15 0 TX Frames 111 2 1024-1518 0 0 Unicast RX 152 1 Multicast RX 557 2 Broadcast RX 3686 16 CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh show error ports Purpose Used to display the error statistics for a range of ports. Syntax show error ports Description This command will display all of the packet error statistics collected and logged by the switch for a given port list. Parameters − Specifies a range of ports to be displayed. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Restrictions None. Example usage:

58 To display the errors of the port 3 of module 1: DGS-3312SR:4#show errors port 1:3 Command : show errors port 1:3 Port number 1:3 Error Type RX Frames Error Type TX Frames --------------- --------------- ---------------------------- ---------------- CRC Error 19 Excessive Deferral 0 Undersize 0 CRC Error 0 Oversize 0 Late Collision 0 Fragment 0 Excessive Collision 0 Jabber 11 Single Collision 0 Drop Pkts 20837 Collision 0 CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh show utilization Purpose Used to display real-time port and cpu utilization statistics. Syntax show utilization [cpu | unit_id ] Description This command will display the real-time port and cpu utilization statistics for the switch. Parameters cpu – Entering this parameter will display the current cpu utilization of the switch, as a percentage. unit_id - Entering this parameter, along with the appropriate switch number, will display the current utilization of all ports on the switch of a switch stack. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the port utilization statistics: DGS-3312SR:4#show utilization unit_id 1 Command: show utilization unit_id 1 Port TX/sec RX/sec Util Port TX/sec RX/sec Util ---- ---------- ---------- ---- ---- ---------- ---------- ---- 1:1 0 0 0 1:2 0 0 0 1:3 0 0 0 1:4 0 0 0 1:5 0 0 0 1:6 0 0 0 1:7 0 0 0 1:8 0 0 0 1:9 0 0 0 1:10 0 0 0 1:11 0 0 0 1:12 0 0 0 CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh

59 To display the current cpu utilization: DGS-3312SR:4#show utilization cpu Command: show utilization cpu CPU utilization : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Five seconds - 15% One minute - 25% Five minutes - 14% DGS-3312SR:4# clear counters Purpose Used to clear the switch’s statistics counters. Syntax clear counters {ports } Description This command will clear the counters used by the switch to compile statistics. Parameters − Specifies a range of ports to be configured. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3- 2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To clear the counters: DGS-3312SR:4#clear counters ports 2:7-2:9 Command: clear counters ports 2:7-2:9 Success. DGS-3312SR:4# clear log Purpose Used to clear the switch’s history log. Syntax clear log Description This command will clear the switch’s history log. Parameters None. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command.

60 Example usage: To clear the log information: DGS-3312SR:4#clear log Command: clear log Success. DGS-3312SR:4# show log Purpose Used to display the switch history log. Syntax show log {index } Description This command will display the contents of the switch’s history log. Parameters index − Enter a value that corresponds to an entry made in the log. Multiple entries may be made in the form of x-x where x is the number of an entry in the log. The smallest number (and therefore the earlier entry) will be first. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the switch history log: DGS-3312SR:4#show log index 1-4 Command: show log index 1-4 Index Time Log Text ----- -------- ----------------------------------------------------- 4 01:54:53 Port 1:13 link up, 100Mbps FULL duplex 3 01:54:53 Spanning Tree Protocol is enabled 2 01:54:53 Unit 1, System started up 1 06:06:09 Spanning Tree Protocol is disabled DGS-3312SR:4# enable syslog Purpose Used to enable the system log to be sent to a remote host. Syntax enable syslog Description The enable syslog command enables the system log to be sent to a remote host. Parameters None. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To the syslog function on the switch:

61 DGS-3312SR:4#enable syslog Command: enable syslog Success. DGS-3312SR:4# disable syslog Purpose Used to disable the system log function on the switch. Syntax disable syslog Description The disable syslog command disables the system log function on the switch. After disabling, Syslog entries will no longer be sent to a remote host. Parameters None. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable the syslog function on the switch: DGS-3312SR:4#disable syslog Command: disable syslog Success. DGS-3312SR:4# show syslog Purpose Used to display the syslog protocol status as enabled or disabled. Syntax show syslog Description The show syslog command displays the syslog status as enabled or disabled. Parameters None. Restrictions None.

62 Example usage: To display the current status of the syslog function: DGS-3312SR:4#show syslog Command: show syslog Syslog Global State: Enabled DGS-3312SR:4#

63 create syslog host Purpose Used to create a new syslog host. Syntax create syslog host ipaddress {severity [informational | warning | all] facility [local0 | local1 | local2 | local3 | local4 | local5 | local6 | local7] | udp_port | state [enable | disable]} Description The create syslog host command is used to create a new syslog host. Parameters − Specifies that the command will be applied to an index of hosts. There are four available indexes, numbered 1 through 4. ipaddress − Specifies the IP address of the remote host where syslog messages will be sent. severity − Severity level indicator. These are described in the following: Bold font indicates that the corresponding severity level is currently supported on the switch. Numerical Severity Code 0 Emergency: system is unusable 1 Alert: action must be taken immediately 2 Critical: critical conditions 3 Error: error conditions 4 Warning: warning conditions 5 Notice: normal but significant condition 6 Informational: informational messages 7 Debug: debug-level messages informational − Specifies that informational messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 6 from the list above. warning − Specifies that warning messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 4 from the list above. all − Specifies that all of the currently supported syslog messages that are generated by the switch will be sent to the remote host. facility − Some of the operating system daemons and processes have been assigned Facility values. Processes and daemons that have not been explicitly assigned a Facility may use any of the "local use" facilities or they may use the "user-level" Facility. Those Facilities that have been designated are shown in the following: Bold font indicates the facility values that the switch currently supports.

64 create syslog host Numerical Facility Code 0 kernel messages 1 user-level messages 2 mail system 3 system daemons 4 security/authorization messages 5 messages generated internally by syslog 6 line printer subsystem 7 network news subsystem 8 UUCP subsystem 9 clock daemon 10 security/authorization messages 11 FTP daemon 12 NTP subsystem 13 log audit 14 log alert 15 clock daemon 16 local use 0 (local0) 17 local use 1 (local1) 18 local use 2 (local2) 19 local use 3 (local3) 20 local use 4 (local4) 21 local use 5 (local5) 22 local use 6 (local6) 23 local use 7 (local7) local0 − Specifies that local use 0 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 16 from the list above. local1 − Specifies that local use 1 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 17 from the list above. local2 − Specifies that local use 2 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 18 from the list above. local3 − Specifies that local use 3 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 19 from the list above. local4 − Specifies that local use 4 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 20 from the list above. local5 − Specifies that local use 5 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 21 from the list above. local6 − Specifies that local use 6 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 22 from the list above. local7 − Specifies that local use 7 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 23 from the list above. udp_port − Specifies the UDP port number that the syslog protocol will use to send messages to the remote host. state [enable | disable] − Allows the sending of syslog messages to the remote host, specified above, to be enabled and disabled. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create syslog host:

65 DGS-3312SR:4#create syslog host 1 ipaddress 10.53.13.200 severity all facility local0 state enable Command: create syslog host 1 ipaddress 10.53.13.200 severity all facility local0 state enable Success. DGS-3312SR:4# config syslog host Purpose Used to configure the syslog protocol to send system log data to a remote host. Syntax config syslog host [all | ] {severity [informational | warning | all] | facility [local0 | local1 | local2 | local3 | local4 | local5 | local6 | local7] | udp_port | ipaddress | state [enable | disable]} Description The config syslog host command is used to configure the syslog protocol to send system log information to a remote host.

66 config syslog host Parameters all − Specifies that the command will be applied to all hosts. − Specifies that the command will be applied to an index of hosts. There are four available indexes, numbered 1 through 4. severity − Severity level indicator. These are described in the following: Bold font indicates that the corresponding severity level is currently supported on the switch. Numerical Severity Code 0 Emergency: system is unusable 1 Alert: action must be taken immediately 2 Critical: critical conditions 3 Error: error conditions 4 Warning: warning conditions 5 Notice: normal but significant condition 6 Informational: informational messages 7 Debug: debug-level messages informational − Specifies that informational messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 6 from the list above. warning − Specifies that warning messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 4 from the list above. all − Specifies that all of the currently supported syslog messages that are generated by the switch will be sent to the remote host. facility − Some of the operating system daemons and processes have been assigned Facility values. Processes and daemons that have not been explicitly assigned a Facility may use any of the "local use" facilities or they may use the "user-level" Facility. Those Facilities that have been designated are shown in the following: Bold font indicates the facility values the switch currently supports. Numerical Facility Code 0 kernel messages 1 user-level messages 2 mail system 3 system daemons 4 security/authorization messages 5 messages generated internally by syslog 6 line printer subsystem 7 network news subsystem 8 UUCP subsystem 9 clock daemon 10 security/authorization messages 11 FTP daemon 12 NTP subsystem 13 log audit 14 log alert 15 clock daemon

67 config syslog host 16 local use 0 (local0) 17 local use 1 (local1) 18 local use 2 (local2) 19 local use 3 (local3) 20 local use 4 (local4) 21 local use 5 (local5) 22 local use 6 (local6) 23 local use 7 (local7) local0 − Specifies that local use 0 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 16 from the list above. local1 − Specifies that local use 1 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 17 from the list above. local2 − Specifies that local use 2 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 18 from the list above. local3 − Specifies that local use 3 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 19 from the list above. local4 − Specifies that local use 4 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 20 from the list above. local5 − Specifies that local use 5 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 21 from the list above. local6 − Specifies that local use 6 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 22 from the list above. local7 − Specifies that local use 7 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 23 from the list above. udp_port − Specifies the UDP port number that the syslog protocol will use to send messages to the remote host. ipaddress − Specifies the IP address of the remote host where syslog messages will be sent. state [enable | disable] − Allows the sending of syslog messages to the remote host, specified above, to be enabled and disabled. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure a syslog host: DGS-3312SR:4#config syslog host all severity all facility local0 Command: config syslog host all severity all facility local0 Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

68 delete syslog host Purpose Used to remove a syslog host, that has been previously configured, from the switch. Syntax delete syslog host [ | all] Description The delete syslog host command is used to remove a syslog host that has been previously configured from the switch. Parameters − Specifies that the command will be applied to an index of hosts. There are four available indexes, numbered 1 through 4. all − Specifies that the command will be applied to all hosts. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete a previously configured syslog host: DGS-3312SR:4#delete syslog host 4 Command: delete syslog host 4 Success. DGS-3312SR:4# show syslog host Purpose Used to display the syslog hosts currently configured on the switch. Syntax show syslog host {} Description The show syslog host command is used to display the syslog hosts that are currently configured on the switch. Parameters − Specifies that the command will be applied to an index of hosts. There are four available indexes, numbered 1 through 4. Restrictions None. Example usage: To show syslog host information: DGS-3312SR:4#show syslog host Command: show syslog host Syslog Global State: Disabled Host Id Host IP Address Severity Facility UDP port Status ------- --------------- -------------- -------- -------- -------- 1 10.1.1.2 All Local0 514 Disabled 2 10.40.2.3 All Local0 514 Disabled 3 10.21.13.1 All Local0 514 Disabled Total Entries : 3 DGS-3312SR:4#

69 10 MULTIPLE SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL (MSTP) COMMANDS This switch supports three versions of the Spanning Tree Protocol; 802.1d STP, 802.1w Rapid STP and 802.1s MSTP. Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol, or MSTP, is a standard defined by the IEEE community that allows multiple VLANs to be mapped to a single spanning tree instance, which will provide multiple pathways across the network. Therefore, these MSTP configurations will balance the traffic load, preventing wide scale disruptions when a single spanning tree instance fails. This will allow for faster convergences of new topologies for the failed instance. Frames designated for these VLANs will be processed quickly and completely throughout interconnected bridges utilizing either of the three spanning tree protocols (STP, RSTP or MSTP). This protocol will also tag BDPU packets so receiving devices can distinguish spanning tree instances, spanning tree regions and the VLANs associated with them. These instances will be classified by an instance_id. MSTP will connect multiple spanning trees with a Common and Internal Spanning Tree (CIST). The CIST will automatically determine each MSTP region, its maximum possible extent and will appear as one virtual bridge that runs a single spanning tree. Consequentially, frames assigned to different VLANs will follow different data routes within administratively established regions on the network, continuing to allow simple and full processing of frames, regardless of administrative errors in defining VLANs and their respective spanning trees. Each switch utilizing the MSTP on a network will have a single MSTP configuration that will have the following three attributes: a) A configuration name defined by an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters (defined in the config stp mst_config_id command as name ). b) A configuration revision number (named here as a revision_level) and; c) A 4094 element table (defined here as a vid_range) which will associate each of the possible 4094 VLANs supported by the Switch for a given instance. To utilize the MSTP function on the Switch, three steps need to be taken: a) The Switch must be set to the MSTP setting (config stp version). b) VLANs that will be shared must be added to the MSTP Instance ID (config stp instance_id). The Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters enable stp disable stp config stp version [mstp | rstp | stp] config stp {maxage | maxhops | hellotime | forwarddelay | txholdcount | fbpdu [enable | disable]} config stp ports {externalCost [auto | ] | hellotime | migrate [yes | no] | edge [true | false] | p2p [true | false | auto] | state [enable | disable] create stp instance_id config stp instance _id [add_vlan | remove_vlan] delete stp instance_id config stp priority instance_id config stp {revision_level | name }

70 Command Parameters mst_config_id config stp mst_ports instance_id {internalCost [auto | value 1- 200000000] | priority } show stp show stp ports {} show stp instance_id {} show stp mst_config id Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. enable stp Purpose Used to globally enable STP on the Switch. Syntax enable stp Description This command allows the Spanning Tree Protocol to be globally enabled on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable STP, globally, on the Switch: DGS-3312SR:4#enable stp Command: enable stp Success. DGS-3312SR:4# disable stp Purpose Used to globally disable STP on the Switch. Syntax disable stp Description This command allows the Spanning Tree Protocol to be globally disabled on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command.

71 Example usage: To disable STP on the Switch: DGS-3312SR:4#disable stp Command: disable stp Success. DGS-3312SR:4# config stp version Purpose Used to globally set the version of STP on the Switch. Syntax config stp version [mstp | rstp | stp] Description This command allows the user to choose the version of the spanning tree to be implemented on the Switch. Parameters mstp – Selecting this parameter will set the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) globally on the Switch. rstp - Selecting this parameter will set the Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) globally on the Switch. stp - Selecting this parameter will set the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) globally on the Switch. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To set the Switch globally for the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP): DGS-3312SR:4#config stp version mstp Command: config stp version mstp Success. DGS-3312SR:4# config stp Purpose Used to setup STP, RSTP and MSTP on the Switch. Syntax config stp {maxage | maxhops | hellotime <1-10> | forwarddelay | txholdcount | fbpdu [enable | disable]} Description This command is used to setup the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) for the entire switch. All commands here will be implemented for the STP version that is currently set on the Switch. Parameters maxage − This value may be set to ensure that old information does not endlessly circulate through redundant paths

72 config stp in the network, preventing the effective propagation of the new information. Set by the Root Bridge, this value will aid in determining that the Switch has spanning tree configuration values consistent with other devices on the bridged LAN. If the value ages out and a BPDU has still not been received from the Root Bridge, the Switch will start sending its own BPDU to all other switches for permission to become the Root Bridge. If it turns out that your switch has the lowest Bridge Identifier, it will become the Root Bridge. The user may choose a time between 6 and 40 seconds. The default value is 20. maxhops - The number of hops between devices in a spanning tree region before the BPDU (bridge protocol data unit) packet sent by the Switch will be discarded. Each switch on the hop count will reduce the hop count by one until the value reaches zero. The Switch will then discard the BDPU packet and the information held for the port will age out. The user may set a hop count from 1 to 20. The default is 20. hellotime − The user may set the time interval between transmission of configuration messages by the root device in STP, or by the designated router in RSTP, thus stating that the Switch is still functioning. A time between 1 and 10 seconds may be chosen, with a default setting of 2 seconds. In MSTP, the spanning tree is configured by port and therefore, the hellotime must be set using the configure stp ports command for switches utilizing the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol. forwarddelay − The maximum amount of time (in seconds) that the root device will wait before changing states. The user may choose a time between 4 and 30 seconds. The default is 15 seconds. txholdcount - The maximum number of BDPU Hello packets transmitted per interval. Default value = 3. fbpdu [enable | disable] − Allows the forwarding of STP BPDU packets from other network devices when STP is disabled on the Switch. The default is enable. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure STP with maxage 18 and maxhops of 15: DGS-3312SR:4#config stp maxage 18 maxhops 15 Command: config stp maxage 18 maxhops 15 Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

73 config stp ports Purpose Used to setup STP on the port level. Syntax config stp ports {externalCost [auto | ] | hellotime | migrate [yes | no] | edge [true | false] | p2p [true | false | auto ] | state [enable | disable] Description This command is used to create and configure STP for a group of ports. Parameters − Specifies a range of ports to be configured. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. externalCost − This defines a metric that indicates the relative cost of forwarding packets to the specified port list. Port cost can be set automatically or as a metric value. The default value is auto. auto – Setting this parameter for the external cost will automatically set the speed for forwarding packets to the specified port(s) in the list for optimal efficiency. Default port cost: 100Mbps port = 200000. Gigabit port = 20000. • - Define a value between 1 and 200000000 to determine the external cost. The lower the number, the greater the probability the port will be chosen to forward packets. hellotime − The time interval between transmission of configuration messages by the designated port, to other devices on the bridged LAN, thus stating that the Switch is still functioning. The user may choose a time between 1 and 10 seconds. The default is 2 seconds. migrate [yes | no] – Setting this parameter as “yes” will set the ports to send out BDPU packets to other bridges, requesting information on their STP setting If the Switch is configured for RSTP, the port will be capable to migrate from 802.1d STP to 802.1w RSTP. If the Switch is configured for MSTP, the port is capable of migrating from 802.1d STP to 802.1s MSTP. RSTP and MSTP can coexist with standard STP, however the benefits of RSTP and MSTP are not realized on a port where an 802.1d network connects to an 802.1w or 802.1s enabled network. Migration should be set as yes on ports connected to network stations or segments that are capable of being upgraded to 802.1w RSTP or 802.1s MSTP on all or some portion of the segment. edge [true | false] – true designates the port as an edge port. Edge ports cannot create loops, however an edge port can lose edge port status if a topology change creates a potential for a loop. An edge port normally should not receive BPDU packets. If a BPDU packet is received it automatically loses edge port status. false indicates that the port does not have edge port status. p2p [true | false | auto] – true indicates a point-to-point (P2P)

74 config stp ports shared link. P2P ports are similar to edge ports however they are restricted in that a P2P port must operate in full-duplex. Like edge ports, P2P ports transition to a forwarding state rapidly thus benefiting from RSTP. A p2p value of false indicates that the port cannot have p2p status. auto allows the port to have p2p status whenever possible and operate as if the p2p status were true. If the port cannot maintain this status (for example if the port is forced to half-duplex operation) the p2p status changes to operate as if the p2p value were false. The default setting for this parameter is auto. state [enable | disable] − Allows STP to be enabled or disabled for the ports specified in the port list. The default is enable. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure STP with path cost 19, hellotime set to 5 seconds, migration enable, and state enable for ports 1-5 of module 1. DGS-3312SR:4#config stp ports 1:1-1:5 externalCost 19 hellotime 5 migrate yes state enable Command: config stp ports 1:1-1:5 externalCost 19 hellotime 5 migrate yes state enable Success. DGS-3312SR:4# create stp instance_id Purpose Used to create a STP instance ID for MSTP. Syntax create stp instance_id Description This command allows the user to create a STP instance ID for the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol. There are 16 STP instances on the Switch (one internal CIST, unchangeable) and the user may create up to 15 instance IDs for the Switch. Parameters - Enter a value between 1 and 15 to identify the Spanning Tree instance on the Switch. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create a spanning tree instance 2: DGS-3312SR:4#create stp instance_id 2 Command: create stp instance_id 2 Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

75 config stp instance_id Purpose Used to add or delete an STP instance ID. Syntax config stp instance_id [add_vlan | remove_vlan] Description This command is used to map VIDs (VLAN IDs) to previously configured STP instances on the Switch by creating an instance_id. A STP instance may have multiple members with the same MSTP configuration. There is no limit to the number of STP regions in a network but each region only supports a maximum of 16 spanning tree instances (one unchangeable default entry). VIDs can belong to only one spanning tree instance at a time. Note that switches in the same spanning tree region having the same STP instance_id must be mapped identically, and have the same configuration revision_level number and the same name. Parameters - Enter a number between 1 and 15 to define the instance_id. The Switch supports 16 STP instances with one unchangeable default instance ID set as 0. • add_vlan – Along with the vid_range parameter, this command will add VIDs to the previously configured STP instance_id. • remove_vlan – Along with the vid_range parameter, this command will remove VIDs to the previously configured STP instance_id. – Specify the VID range from configured VLANs set on the Switch. Supported VIDs on the Switch range from ID number 1 to 4094. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure instance id 2 to add VID 10: DGS-3312SR:4#config stp instance_id 2 add_vlan 10 Command : config stp instance_id 2 add_vlan 10 Success. DGS-3312SR:4# Example usage: To remove VID 10 from instance id 2: DGS-3312SR:4#config stp instance_id 2 remove_vlan 10 Command : config stp instance_id 2 remove_vlan 10 Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

76 delete stp instance_id Purpose Used to delete a STP instance ID from the Switch. Syntax delete stp instance_id Description This command allows the user to delete a previously configured STP instance ID from the Switch. Parameters - Enter a value between 1 and 15 to identify the Spanning Tree instance on the Switch. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete stp instance id 2 from the Switch. DGS-3312SR:4#delete stp instance_id 2 Command: delete stp instance_id 2 Success. DGS-3312SR:4# config stp priority Purpose Used to update the STP instance configuration. Syntax config stp priority instance_id Description This command is used to update the STP instance configuration settings on the Switch. The MSTP will utilize the priority in selecting the root bridge, root port and designated port. Assigning higher priorities to STP regions will instruct the Switch to give precedence to the selected instance_id for forwarding packets. The lower the priority value set, the higher the priority. Parameters priority - Select a value between 0 and 61440 to specify the priority for a specified instance id for forwarding packets. The lower the value, the higher the priority. This entry must be divisible by 4096. instance_id - Enter the value corresponding to the previously configured instance id of which the user wishes to set the priority value. An instance id of 0 denotes the default instance_id (CIST) internally set on the Switch. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To set the priority value for instance_id 2 as 4096: DGS-3312SR:4#config stp priority 4096 instance_id 2 Command : config stp priority 4096 instance_id 2 Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

77 config stp mst_config_id Purpose Used to update the MSTP configuration identification. Syntax config stp mst_config_id {revision_level | name Description This command will uniquely identify the MSTP configuration currently configured on the Switch. Information entered here will be attached to BDPU packets as an identifier for the MSTP region to which it belongs. Switches having the same revision_level and name will be considered as part of the same MSTP region. Parameters revision_level – Enter a number between 0 and 65535 to identify the MSTP region. This value, along with the name will identify the MSTP region configured on the Switch. The default setting is 0. name - Enter an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters to uniquely identify the MSTP region on the Switch. This name, along with the revision_level value will identify the MSTP region configured on the Switch. If no name is entered, the default name will be the MAC address of the device. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the MSTP region of the Switch with revision_level 10 and the name “Trinity”: DGS-3312SR:4#config stp mst_config_id revision_level 10 name Trinity Command : config stp mst_config_id revision_level 10 name Trinity Success. DGS-3312SR:4# config stp mst_ports Purpose Used to update the port configuration for a MSTP instance. Syntax config stp mst_ports instance_id {internalCost [auto | ] `priority } Description This command will update the port configuration for a STP instance_id. If a loop occurs, the MSTP function will use the port priority to select an interface to put into the forwarding state. Set a higher priority value for interfaces to be selected for forwarding first. In instances where the priority value is identical, the MSTP function will implement the lowest port number into the forwarding state and other interfaces will be blocked. Remember that lower priority values mean higher priorities for forwarding packets. Parameters - Specifies a port or range of ports to be configured. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For

78 config stp mst_ports example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. instance_id - Enter a numerical value between 0 and 15 to identify the instance_id previously configured on the Switch. An entry of 0 will denote the CIST (Common and Internal Spanning Tree. internalCost – This parameter is set to represent the relative cost of forwarding packets to specified ports when an interface is selected within a STP instance. The default setting is auto. There are two options: • auto – Selecting this parameter for the internalCost will set quickest route automatically and optimally for an interface. The default value is derived from the media speed of the interface. • value 1-2000000 – Selecting this parameter with a value in the range of 1-2000000 will set the quickest route when a loop occurs. A lower internalCost represents a quicker transmission. priority - Enter a value between 0 and 240 to set the priority for the port interface. A higher priority will designate the interface to forward packets first. A lower number denotes a higher priority. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To designate ports 1 through 5 on module one, with instance ID 2, to have an auto internalCost and a priority of 16: DGS-3312SR:4#config stp mst_config_id ports 1:1-1:5 instance_id 2 internalCost auto priority 16 Command : config stp mst_config_id ports 1:1-1:5 instance_id 2 internalCost auto priority 16 Success. DGS-3312SR:4# show stp Purpose Used to display the Switch’s current STP configuration. Syntax show stp Description This command displays the Switch’s current STP configuration. Parameters None. Restrictions None.

79 Example usage: To display the status of STP on the Switch: Status 1: STP enabled with STP compatible version DGS-3312SR:4#show stp Command: show stp STP Status : Enabled STP Version : STP Compatible Max Age : 20 Hello Time : 2 Forward Delay : 15 Max Age : 20 TX Hold Count : 3 Forwarding BPDU : Enabled DGS-3312SR:4# Status 2 : STP enabled for RSTP DGS-3312SR:4#show stp Command: show stp STP Status : Enabled STP Version : RSTP Max Age : 20 Hello Time : 2 Forward Delay : 15 Max Age : 20 TX Hold Count : 3 Forwarding BPDU : Enabled DGS-3312SR:4# Status 3 : STP enabled for MSTP DGS-3312SR:4#show stp Command: show stp STP Status : Enabled STP Version : MSTP Max Age : 20 Forward Delay : 15 Max Age : 20 TX Hold Count : 3 Forwarding BPDU : Enabled DGS-3312SR:4#

80 show stp ports Purpose Used to display the Switch’s current instance_id configuration. Syntax show stp ports Description This command displays the STP Instance Settings and STP Instance Operational Status currently implemented on the Switch. Parameters − Specifies a range of ports to be viewed. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Restrictions None. Example usage: To show stp ports 1 through 9 on switch one: DGS-3312SR:4#show stp ports 1:1-1:9 Command: show stp ports 1:1-1:9 MSTP Port Information ---------------------- Port Index : 1:1 , Hello Time: 2 /2 , Port STP enabled External PathCost : Auto/200000 , Edge Port : No /No , P2P : Auto /Yes Msti Designated Bridge Internal PathCost Prio Status Role ----- ------------------ ----------------- ---- ---------- ---------- 0 8000/0050BA7120D6 200000 128 Forwarding Root 1 8001/0053131A3324 200000 128 Forwarding Master CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh show stp instance_id Purpose Used to display the Switch’s STP instance configuration Syntax show stp instance_id Description This command displays the Switch’s current STP Instance Settings and the STP Instance Operational Status. Parameters - Enter a value defining the previously configured instance_id on the Switch. An entry of 0 will display the STP configuration for the CIST internally set on the Switch. Restrictions None.

81 Example usage: To display the STP instance configuration for instance 0 (the internal CIST) on the Switch: DGS-3312SR:4#show stp instance 0 Command: show stp instance 0 STP Instance Settings --------------------------- Instance Type : CIST Instance Status : Enabled Instance Priority : 32768(bridge priority : 32768, sys ID ext : 0 ) STP Instance Operational Status -------------------------------- Designated Root Bridge : 32766/00-90-27-39-78-E2 External Root Cost : 200012 Regional Root Bridge : 32768/00-53-13-1A-33-24 Internal Root Cost : 0 Designated Bridge : 32768/00-50-BA-71-20-D6 Root Port : 1:1 Max Age : 20 Forward Delay : 15 Last Topology Change : 856 Topology Changes Count : 2987 CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh show stp mst_config_id Purpose Used to display the MSTP configuration identification. Syntax show stp mst_config_id Description This command displays the Switch’s current MSTP configuration identification. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To show the MSTP configuration identification currently set on the Switch: DGS-3312SR:4#show stp mst_config_id Command: show stp mst_config_id Current MST Configuration Identification ---------------------------------------- Configuration Name : 00:53:13:1A:33:24 Revision Level :0 MSTI ID Vid list ------- ----------- CIST 2-4094 1 1 DGS-3312SR:4#

82 11 FORWARDING DATABASE COMMANDS The forwarding database commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters create fdb port create multicast_fdb config multicast_fdb [add | delete] config fdb aging_time delete fdb clear fdb [vlan | port | all] show multicast_fdb {vlan | mac_address } show fdb {port | vlan | mac_address | static | aging_time} show ipfdb {ip_address | interface | port } Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. NOTE: As a stand-alone switch or as a master switch in a switch stack, the switch number will be referred to as 15 for all configurations, graphs and tables. create fdb Purpose Used to create a static entry to the unicast MAC address forwarding table (database). Syntax create fdb [port ] Description This command will make an entry into the switch’s unicast MAC address forwarding database. Parameters − The name of the VLAN on which the MAC address resides. − The MAC address that will be added to the forwarding table. port − The port number corresponding to the MAC destination address. The switch will always forward traffic to the specified device through this port. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create a unicast MAC FDB entry:

83 DGS-3312SR:4#create fdb default 00-00-00-00-01-02 port 2:5 Command: create fdb default 00-00-00-00-01-02 port 2:5 Success. DGS-3312SR:4# create multicast_fdb Purpose Used to create a static entry to the multicast MAC address forwarding table (database) Syntax create multicast_fdb Description This command will make an entry into the switch’s multicast MAC address forwarding database. Parameters − The name of the VLAN on which the MAC address resides. − The MAC address that will be added to the forwarding table. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create multicast MAC forwarding: DGS-3312SR:4#create multicast_fdb default 01-00-00-00-00-01 Command: create multicast_fdb default 01-00-00-00-00-01 Success. DGS-3312SR:4# config multicast_fdb Purpose Used to configure the switch’s multicast MAC address forwarding database. Syntax config multicast_fdb [add | delete] Description This command configures the multicast MAC address forwarding table. Parameters − The name of the VLAN on which the MAC address resides. − The MAC address that will be added to the multicast forwarding table. [add | delete] − Add will add ports to the forwarding table. Delete will remove ports from the multicast forwarding table. ƒ − Specifies a range of ports to be configured. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are

84 config multicast_fdb separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3- 2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To add multicast MAC forwarding: DGS-3312SR:4#config multicast_fdb default 01-00-00-00-00-01 add 1:1-1:5 Command: config multicast_fdb default 01-00-00-00-00-01 add 1:1-1:5 Success. DGS-3312SR:4# config fdb aging_time Purpose Used to set the aging time of the forwarding database. Syntax config fdb aging_time Description The aging time affects the learning process of the switch. Dynamic forwarding table entries, which are made up of the source MAC addresses and their associated port numbers, are deleted from the table if they are not accessed within the aging time. The aging time can be from 10 to 1000000 seconds with a default value of 300 seconds. A very long aging time can result in dynamic forwarding table entries that are out-of-date or no longer exist. This may cause incorrect packet forwarding decisions by the switch. If the aging time is too short however, many entries may be aged out too soon. This will result in a high percentage of received packets whose source addresses cannot be found in the forwarding table, in which case the switch will broadcast the packet to all ports, negating many of the benefits of having a switch. Parameters − The aging time for the MAC address forwarding database value. The value in seconds may be between 10 and 1000000 seconds. The default is 300 seconds. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To set the fdb aging time: DGS-3312SR:4#config fdb aging_time 300 Command: config fdb aging_time 300 Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

85 delete fdb Purpose Used to delete an entry to the switch’s forwarding database. Syntax delete fdb Description This command is used to delete a previous entry to the switch’s MAC address forwarding database. Parameters − The name of the VLAN on which the MAC address resides. − The MAC address that will be deleted from the forwarding table. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete a permanent FDB entry: DGS-3312SR:4#delete fdb default 00-00-00-00-01-02 Command: delete fdb default 00-00-00-00-01-02 Success. DGS-3312SR:4# Example usage: To delete a multicast fdb entry: DGS-3312SR:4#delete fdb default 01-00-00-00-01-02 Command: delete fdb default 01-00-00-00-01-02 Success. DGS-3312SR:4# clear fdb Purpose Used to clear the switch’s forwarding database of all dynamically learned MAC addresses. Syntax clear fdb [vlan | port | all] Description This command is used to clear dynamically learned entries to the switch’s forwarding database. Parameters vlan − The name of the VLAN on which the MAC address resides. port − The port number corresponding to the MAC destination address. The switch will always forward traffic to the

86 clear fdb specified device through this port. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. all − Clears all dynamic entries to the switch’s forwarding database. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To clear all FDB dynamic entries: DGS-3312SR:4#clear fdb all Command: clear fdb all Success. DGS-3312SR:4# show multicast_fdb Purpose Used to display the contents of the switch’s multicast forwarding database. Syntax show mulitcast_fdb [vlan | mac_address ] Description This command is used to display the current contents of the switch’s multicast MAC address forwarding database. Parameters − The name of the VLAN on which the MAC address resides. − The MAC address that is present in the forwarding database table. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display multicast MAC address table: DGS-3312SR:4#show multicast_fdb Command: show multicast_fdb VLAN Name : default MAC Address : 01-00-5E-00-00-00 Egress Ports : 1:1-1:5,1:12,2:12 Mode : Static Total Entries : 1 DGS-3312SR:4#

87 show fdb Purpose Used to display the current unicast MAC address forwarding database. Syntax show fdb {port | vlan | mac_address | static | aging_time} Description This command will display the current contents of the switch’s forwarding database. Parameters port − The port number corresponding to the MAC destination address. The switch will always forward traffic to the specified device through this port. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. − The name of the VLAN on which the MAC address resides. − The MAC address that is present in the forwarding database table. static − Displays the static MAC address entries. aging_time − Displays the aging time for the MAC address forwarding database. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display unicast MAC address table: DGS-3312SR:4#show fdb Command: show fdb Unicast MAC Address Aging Time = 300 VID VLAN Name MAC Address Port Type ---- ---------------- ------------------------- ------ ---------------- 1 default 00-00-39-34-66-9A 10 Dynamic 1 default 00-00-51-43-70-00 10 Dynamic 1 default 00-00-5E-00-01-01 10 Dynamic 1 default 00-00-74-60-72-2D 10 Dynamic 1 default 00-00-81-05-00-80 10 Dynamic 1 default 00-00-81-05-02-00 10 Dynamic 1 default 00-00-81-48-70-01 10 Dynamic 1 default 00-00-E2-4F-57-03 10 Dynamic 1 default 00-00-E2-61-53-18 10 Dynamic 1 default 00-00-E2-6B-BC-F6 10 Dynamic 1 default 00-00-E2-7F-6B-53 10 Dynamic 1 default 00-00-E2-82-7D-90 10 Dynamic 1 default 00-00-F8-7C-1C-29 10 Dynamic 1 default 00-01-02-03-04-00 CPU Self 1 default 00-01-30-10-2C-C7 10 Dynamic 1 default 00-01-30-FA-5F-00 10 Dynamic 1 default 00-02-3F-63-DD-68 10 Dynamic CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page ENTER Next Entry a All

88 show ipfdb Purpose Used to display the current IP address forwarding database table. Syntax show ipfdb {ip_address | interface | port } Description This command will display the current contents of the switch’s IP forwarding database. Parameters The user has three methods in which to view the table by, which are: ip_address - Use this parameter to view the table by an IP address entered here. interface - Use this parameter to view the table by an IP interface entered here, and set on the switch. port - Use this parameter to view the table by a port entered here. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Adding no parameters will display all entries in the IP forwarding database. Restrictions None. Example usage: To view the IP forwarding database table: DGS-3312SR:4#show ipfdb Command: show ipfdb Interface IP Address Port Learned ------------ --------------- ---- --------- System 10.0.0.1 1:1 Dynamic System 10.0.0.2 1:1 Dynamic System 10.0.0.3 1:1 Dynamic System 10.0.0.4 1:1 Dynamic System 10.0.0.7 1:1 Dynamic System 10.0.0.30 1:1 Dynamic System 10.0.34.1 1:1 Dynamic System 10.0.51.1 1:1 Dynamic System 10.0.58.4 1:1 Dynamic System 10.0.85.168 1:1 Dynamic System 10.1.1.99 1:1 Dynamic System 10.1.1.101 1:1 Dynamic System 10.1.1.102 1:1 Dynamic System 10.1.1.103 1:1 Dynamic System 10.1.1.152 1:1 Dynamic System 10.1.1.157 1:1 Dynamic System 10.1.1.161 1:1 Dynamic System 10.1.1.162 1:1 Dynamic System 10.1.1.163 1:1 Dynamic CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page ENTER Next Entry a All

89 12 BROADCAST STORM CONTROL COMMANDS The broadcast storm control commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters config traffic control [ | all ] {broadcast [enable | disable] | multicast [enable | disable] | dlf [enable | disable] | threshold } show traffic control {group_list } Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. NOTE: As a stand-alone switch or as a master switch in a switch stack, the switch number will be referred to as 15 for all configurations, graphs and tables. config traffic control Purpose Used to configure broadcast/multicast traffic control. Syntax config traffic control [ | all] {broadcast [enable | disable] | multicast [enable | disable] | dlf [enable | disable] | threshold } Description This command is used to configure broadcast storm control. Parameters − Used to specify a broadcast storm control group. This is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. all − Specifies all storm control groups on the switch. broadcast [enable | disable] − Enables or disables broadcast storm control. multicast [enable | disable] − Enables or disables multicast storm control. dlf [enable | disable] − Enables or disables dlf traffic control. threshold − The upper threshold at which the specified traffic control is switched on. The is the number of broadcast / multicast / dlf packets, in Kbps, received by the switch that will trigger the storm traffic control measures. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage:

90 To configure traffic control and enable broadcast storm control system wide: DGS-3312SR:4#config traffic control all broadcast enable Command: config traffic control all broadcast enable Success. DGS-3312SR:4# show traffic control Purpose Used to display current traffic control settings. Syntax show traffic control {group_list } Description This command displays the current storm traffic control configuration on the switch. Parameters group_list − Used to specify a broadcast storm control group. This is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display traffic control setting: DGS-3312SR:4#show traffic control 1:1-1:5 Command: show traffic control 1:1-1:5 Traffic Control Broadcast Multicast Destination Module Group [ports] Threshold Storm Storm Lookup Fail ------ ------------- --------- --------- --------- -------- 1 1 [ 1 ] 128 Disabled Disabled Disabled 1 2 [ 2 ] 128 Disabled Disabled Disabled 1 3 [ 3 ] 128 Disabled Disabled Disabled 1 4 [ 4 ] 128 Disabled Disabled Disabled 1 5 [ 5 ] 128 Disabled Disabled Disabled Total Entries: 5 DGS-3312SR:4#

91 13 QOS COMMANDS The DGS-3312SR switch supports 802.1p priority queuing. The switch has nine hardware priority queues, one of which is internal and not configurable. These hardware priority queues are numbered from 7 (Class 7) — the highest hardware priority queue — to 0 (Class 0) — the lowest hardware priority queue. The eight priority tags specified in IEEE 802.1p (p0 to p7) are mapped to the switch’s hardware priority queues as follows: • Priority 0 is assigned to the Switch’s Q2 queue. • Priority 1 is assigned to the Switch’s Q0 queue. • Priority 2 is assigned to the Switch’s Q1 queue. • Priority 3 is assigned to the Switch’s Q3 queue. • Priority 4 is assigned to the Switch’s Q4 queue. • Priority 5 is assigned to the Switch’s Q5 queue. • Priority 6 is assigned to the Switch’s Q6 queue. • Priority 7 is assigned to the Switch’s Q7 queue. For strict priority-based scheduling, any packets residing in the higher priority queues are transmitted first. Multiple strict priority queues empty based on their priority tags. Only when these queues are empty, are packets of lower priority transmitted. For round-robin queuing, the number of packets sent from each priority queue depends upon the assigned weight. For a configuration of 8 CoS queues, A~H with their respective weight value: 8~1, the packets are sent in the following sequence: A1, B1, C1, D1, E1, F1, G1, H1, A2, B2, C2, D2, E2, F2, G2, A3, B3, C3, D3, E3, F3, A4, B4, C4, D4, E4, A5, B5, C5, D5, A6, B6, C6, A7, B7, A8, A1, B1, C1, D1, E1, F1, G1, H1. For round-robin queuing, if each CoS queue has the same weight value, then each CoS queue has an equal opportunity to send packets just like round-robin queuing. For round-robin queuing, if the weight for a CoS is set to 0, then it will continue processing the packets from this CoS until there are no more packets for this CoS. The other CoS queues that have been given a nonzero value, and depending upon the weight, will follow a common round-robin scheme. Remember that the switch has 8 priority queues (and eight Classes of Service) for each port on the Switch. The commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. NOTE: As a stand-alone switch or as a master switch in a switch stack, the switch number will be referred to as 15 for all configurations, graphs and tables. Command Parameters config bandwidth_control [ | all] {rx_rate [no_limit | ] | tx_rate [no_limit ]} show bandwidth_control {} config 802.1p user_priority { } show 802.1p user_priority config 802.1p default_priority [ | all] |

92 Command Parameters show 802.1p default_priority {} config scheduling_mechanism [strict | round_robin] show scheduling_mechanism Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. config bandwidth_control Purpose Used to configure bandwidth control on a by-port basis. Syntax config bandwidth_control [ | all] {rx_rate [no_limit | ] | tx_rate [no_limit | ]} Description The config bandwidth_control command is used to configure bandwidth on a by-port basis. Parameters − Specifies a range of ports to be configured. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. all – Choose this parameter to select all configurable ports. rx_rate − Specifies that one of the parameters below (no_limit or ) will be applied to the rate at which the above specified ports will be allowed to receive packets ƒ no_limit − Specifies that there will be no limit on the rate of packets received by the above specified ports. ƒ − Specifies the packet limit, in Mbps, that the above ports will be allowed to receive. tx_rate − Specifies that one of the parameters below (no_limit or ) will be applied to the rate at which the above specified ports will be allowed to transmit packets. ƒ no_limit − Specifies that there will be no limit on the rate of packets received by the above specified ports. ƒ − Specifies the packet limit, in Mbps, that the above ports will be allowed to receive. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure bandwidth control: DGS-3312SR:4#config bandwidth_control 1:1-1:10 tx_rate 10 Command: config bandwidth_control 1:1-1:10 tx_rate 10 Success. DGS-3312SR:4#

93 show bandwidth_control Purpose Used to display the bandwidth control configuration on the switch. Syntax show bandwidth_control {} Description The show bandwidth_control command displays the current bandwidth control configuration on the switch, on a port-by-port basis. Parameters − Specifies a range of ports to be configured. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Using this command without adding a portlist entry will show the bandwidth control for all ports in the switch stack. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display bandwidth control settings: DGS-3312SR:4#show bandwidth_control 1:1-1:10 Command: show bandwidth_control 1:1-1:10 Bandwidth Control Table Port RX Rate (Mbit/sec) TX_RATE (Mbit/sec) ---- ------------------------ ---------------------- 1:1 no_limit 10 1:2 no_limit 10 1:3 no_limit 10 1:4 no_limit 10 1:5 no_limit 10 1:6 no_limit 10 1:7 no_limit 10 1:8 no_limit 10 1:9 no_limit 10 1:10 no_limit 10 DGS-3312SR:4# config 802.1p user_priority Purpose Used to map the 802.1p user priority tags of an incoming packet to one of the eight hardware queues available on the switch. Syntax config 802.1p user_priority Description The config 802.1p user_priority command is used to configure the way the switch will map an incoming packet, based on its 802.1p user priority tag, to one of the eight hardware priority

94 config 802.1p user_priority queues available on the switch. The switch’s default is to map the incoming 802.1p priority values to the eight hardware priority queues according to the following chart: 802.1p Switch Hardware Value Priority Queue --------- ------------------ 0 2 1 0 2 1 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 Parameters − Specifies which of the eight 802.1p priority tags (0 through 7) you want to map to one of the switch’s hardware priority queues (, 0 through 7). − Specifies to which of the switch’s hardware priority queues the 802.1p priority tags (specified above) will be mapped. Restrictions Only administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure 802.1 user priority on the switch: DGS-3312SR:4# config 802.1p user_priority 1 3 Command: config 802.1p user_priority 1 3 Success. DGS-3312SR:4# show 802.1p user_priority Purpose Used to display the current 802.1p user priority tags to hardware priority queue mapping in use by the switch. Syntax show 802.1p user_priority Description The show 802.1p user_priority command will display the current 802.1p user priority tags to hardware priority queue mapping in use by the switch. Parameters None. Restrictions None.