D-Link xStack DGS-3200-10 Operation & User’s Manual

© 2009 D-Link Corporation. All rights reserved. Reproduction in any manner whatsoever without the written permission of D-Link Corporation is strictly forbidden. Trademarks used in this text: D-Link and the D-LINK logo are trademarks of D-Link Corporation; Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other trademarks and trade names may be used in this document to refer to either the entities claiming the marks and names or their products. D-Link Corporation disclaims any proprietary interest in trademarks and trade names other than its own. June 2009 P/N 651GS32XX035G

iii Table of Contents Intended Readers........................................................................................................................................................................... ix Typographical Conventions ...........................................................................................................................................................................ix Notes, Notices, and Cautions ......................................................................................................................................................... x Safety Cautions...............................................................................................................................................................................................x General Precautions for Rack-Mountable Products .......................................................................................................................................xi Lithium Battery Precaution.................................................................................................................................................................... xiii Protecting Against Electrostatic Discharge................................................................................................................................................. xiii Web-based Switch Configuration...................................................................................................................1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Logging onto the Web Manager......................................................................................................................................................................1 Web-based User Interface...............................................................................................................................................................................2 Areas of the User Interface ........................................................................................................................................................................2 Web Pages.......................................................................................................................................................................................................3 Configuration ...................................................................................................................................................5 Device Information ........................................................................................................................................................................ 6 System Information........................................................................................................................................................................ 7 Serial Port Settings......................................................................................................................................................................... 8 IP Address...................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Setting the Switch’s IP Address using the Console Interface ..................................................................................................................10 IPv6 Interface Settings................................................................................................................................................................. 10 IPv6 Route Table ......................................................................................................................................................................... 12 IPv6 Neighbor Settings ................................................................................................................................................................ 13 Port Configuration........................................................................................................................................................................ 14 Port Settings..................................................................................................................................................................................................14 Port Description ............................................................................................................................................................................................15 Port Error Disabled .......................................................................................................................................................................................16 Static ARP Settings...................................................................................................................................................................... 16 User Accounts.............................................................................................................................................................................. 18 Admin and User Privileges......................................................................................................................................................................18 System Log Configuration........................................................................................................................................................... 19 System Log Settings......................................................................................................................................................................................19 System Log Host...........................................................................................................................................................................................20 System Severity Settings.............................................................................................................................................................. 20 DHCP/BOOTP Relay................................................................................................................................................................... 21 DHCP/BOOTP Relay Global Settings..........................................................................................................................................................21 DHCP/BOOTP Relay Interface Settings.......................................................................................................................................................24 DHCP Local Relay Settings......................................................................................................................................................... 24 DHCP Auto Configuration Settings............................................................................................................................................. 25 MAC Address Aging Time .......................................................................................................................................................... 26 Web Settings ................................................................................................................................................................................ 26

iv Telnet Settings.............................................................................................................................................................................. 27 Password Encryption.................................................................................................................................................................... 27 CLI Paging Settings ..................................................................................................................................................................... 28 Firmware Information.................................................................................................................................................................. 28 Power Saving Settings.................................................................................................................................................................. 30 Dual Configuration Settings......................................................................................................................................................... 31 SMTP Settings ............................................................................................................................................................................. 33 Ping Test ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 34 SNTP Settings.............................................................................................................................................................................. 35 Time Settings ................................................................................................................................................................................................35 Time Zone Settings.......................................................................................................................................................................................36 MAC Notification Settings .......................................................................................................................................................... 37 MAC Notification Global Settings................................................................................................................................................................37 MAC Notification Port Settings....................................................................................................................................................................38 SNMP Settings............................................................................................................................................................................. 39 SNMP Global State Settings.........................................................................................................................................................................40 SNMP Linkchange Trap Settings..................................................................................................................................................................40 SNMP View Table........................................................................................................................................................................................41 SNMP Group Table ......................................................................................................................................................................................42 SNMP User Table.........................................................................................................................................................................................43 SNMP Community Table..............................................................................................................................................................................44 SNMP Host Table.........................................................................................................................................................................................45 SNMP v6Host Table.....................................................................................................................................................................................46 SNMP Engine ID..........................................................................................................................................................................................47 SNMP Trap Configuration............................................................................................................................................................................47 RMON ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................48 CPU Filter L3 Control Packet Settings ........................................................................................................................................ 48 Single IP Management................................................................................................................................................................. 48 Single IP Settings..........................................................................................................................................................................................50 Topology.......................................................................................................................................................................................................52 Firmware Upgrade ........................................................................................................................................................................................58 Configuration File Backup/Restore...............................................................................................................................................................58 Upload Log File............................................................................................................................................................................................58 SD Card FS Settings..................................................................................................................................................................... 59 L2 Features.....................................................................................................................................................61 Jumbo Frame................................................................................................................................................................................ 61 Egress Filter Settings.................................................................................................................................................................... 62 802.1Q VLAN.............................................................................................................................................................................. 62 Private VLAN Settings ................................................................................................................................................................ 71 802.1v Protocol VLAN................................................................................................................................................................ 76 802.1v Protocol Group Settings ....................................................................................................................................................................76 802.1v Protocol VLAN Settings ...................................................................................................................................................................77 MAC-based VLAN Settings ........................................................................................................................................................ 78 GVRP Settings............................................................................................................................................................................. 78

v PVID Auto Assign Settings ......................................................................................................................................................... 79 Port Trunking............................................................................................................................................................................... 80 VLAN Trunk Settings.................................................................................................................................................................. 83 LACP Port Settings...................................................................................................................................................................... 84 Traffic Segmentation.................................................................................................................................................................... 85 IGMP Snooping ........................................................................................................................................................................... 85 IGMP Snooping Settings ..............................................................................................................................................................................85 Data Driven Learning Settings......................................................................................................................................................................89 ISM VLAN Settings......................................................................................................................................................................................90 Restrictions and Provisos.........................................................................................................................................................................90 ISM Profile Settings......................................................................................................................................................................................93 IP Multicast Profile Settings .........................................................................................................................................................................94 Limited Multicast Address Range Settings...................................................................................................................................................95 Max Multicast Group Settings ......................................................................................................................................................................96 MLD Snooping Settings............................................................................................................................................................... 96 Port Mirroring ............................................................................................................................................................................ 100 Loopback Detection Settings ..................................................................................................................................................... 101 Spanning Tree ............................................................................................................................................................................ 102 STP Bridge Global Settings ........................................................................................................................................................................105 STP Port Settings........................................................................................................................................................................................107 MST Configuration Identification...............................................................................................................................................................108 STP Instance Settings..................................................................................................................................................................................109 MSTP Port Information ..............................................................................................................................................................................110 Forwarding & Filtering .............................................................................................................................................................. 111 Unicast Forwarding.....................................................................................................................................................................................111 Multicast Forwarding..................................................................................................................................................................................111 Multicast Filtering Mode.............................................................................................................................................................................112 QoS ................................................................................................................................................................113 Bandwidth Control..................................................................................................................................................................... 115 Traffic Control ........................................................................................................................................................................... 116 802.1p Default Priority............................................................................................................................................................... 118 802.1p User Priority................................................................................................................................................................... 118 QoS Scheduling Mechanism...................................................................................................................................................... 119 Security .........................................................................................................................................................120 Safeguard Engine ....................................................................................................................................................................... 120 Trusted Host............................................................................................................................................................................... 122 IP-MAC-Port Binding (IMPB)................................................................................................................................................... 123 IMPB Global Settings.................................................................................................................................................................................125 IMPB Port Settings .....................................................................................................................................................................................126 IMPB Entry Settings...................................................................................................................................................................................128 DHCP Snooping Entries .............................................................................................................................................................................129 MAC Block List..........................................................................................................................................................................................130 Port Security............................................................................................................................................................................... 131 Port Security Settings..................................................................................................................................................................................131

vi Port Lock Entries ........................................................................................................................................................................................132 DHCP Server Screening............................................................................................................................................................. 133 DHCP Screening Port Settings....................................................................................................................................................................133 DHCP Offer Filtering..................................................................................................................................................................................134 Guest VLAN .............................................................................................................................................................................. 135 802.1X (Port-based and Host-based Access Control) ................................................................................................................ 136 Authentication Server ............................................................................................................................................................................137 Authenticator .........................................................................................................................................................................................137 Client .....................................................................................................................................................................................................138 Authentication Process ..........................................................................................................................................................................138 Understanding 802.1X Port-based and Host-based Network Access Control........................................................................................139 802.1X Settings...........................................................................................................................................................................................141 802.1X User................................................................................................................................................................................................142 Initialize Port(s) ..........................................................................................................................................................................................143 Reauthenticate Port(s).................................................................................................................................................................................144 Authentic RADIUS Server..........................................................................................................................................................................145 SSL Settings............................................................................................................................................................................... 146 SSH ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 148 SSH Configuration......................................................................................................................................................................................149 SSH Authmode and Algorithm Settings .....................................................................................................................................................150 SSH User Authentication Mode..................................................................................................................................................................152 Access Authentication Control................................................................................................................................................... 153 Authentication Policy and Parameter Settings ............................................................................................................................................154 Application Authentication Settings ...........................................................................................................................................................154 Authentication Server Group ......................................................................................................................................................................155 Authentication Server Host.........................................................................................................................................................................157 Login Method Lists.....................................................................................................................................................................................158 Enable Method Lists ...................................................................................................................................................................................159 Configure Local Enable Password ..............................................................................................................................................................160 Enable Admin .............................................................................................................................................................................................160 MAC-based Access Control (MAC).......................................................................................................................................... 161 MAC Settings .............................................................................................................................................................................................161 MAC Local Settings....................................................................................................................................................................................164 Web-based Access Control (WAC) ........................................................................................................................................... 164 WAC Global Settings..................................................................................................................................................................................166 WAC User Settings.....................................................................................................................................................................................167 WAC Port Settings......................................................................................................................................................................................169 Japanese Web-based Access Control (JWAC)........................................................................................................................... 170 JWAC Global Settings................................................................................................................................................................................170 JWAC Port Settings ....................................................................................................................................................................................172 JWAC User Settings ...................................................................................................................................................................................173 JWAC Customize Page Language ..............................................................................................................................................................173 JWAC Customize Page...............................................................................................................................................................................174 Multiple Authentication ............................................................................................................................................................. 174 Authorization Network State Settings.........................................................................................................................................................177

vii Multiple Authentication Settings ................................................................................................................................................................177 Guest VLAN...............................................................................................................................................................................................178 IGMP Access Control Settings (IGMP Authentication) ............................................................................................................ 179 ARP Spoofing Prevention Settings ............................................................................................................................................ 180 ACL...............................................................................................................................................................181 ACL Configuration Wizard........................................................................................................................................................ 181 Access Profile List ..................................................................................................................................................................... 182 CPU Access Profile List............................................................................................................................................................. 198 Time Range Settings .................................................................................................................................................................. 210 Monitoring....................................................................................................................................................212 Device Environment................................................................................................................................................................... 212 Cable Diagnostics ...................................................................................................................................................................... 213 CPU Utilization.......................................................................................................................................................................... 214 Port Utilization........................................................................................................................................................................... 215 Packet Size................................................................................................................................................................................. 216 Packets ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 218 Received (RX) ............................................................................................................................................................................................218 UMB_Cast (RX) .........................................................................................................................................................................................220 Transmitted (TX) ........................................................................................................................................................................................221 Errors.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 223 Received (RX) ............................................................................................................................................................................................223 Transmitted (TX) ........................................................................................................................................................................................225 Port Access Control.................................................................................................................................................................... 227 RADIUS Authentication.............................................................................................................................................................................227 RADIUS Account Client.............................................................................................................................................................................228 Authenticator State......................................................................................................................................................................................230 Authenticator Statistics ...............................................................................................................................................................................232 Authenticator Session Statistics ..................................................................................................................................................................235 Authenticator Diagnostics...........................................................................................................................................................................238 Browse ARP Table..................................................................................................................................................................... 241 Browse VLAN ........................................................................................................................................................................... 241 Browse Router Port.................................................................................................................................................................... 242 Browse MLD Router Port.......................................................................................................................................................... 242 Browse Session Table ................................................................................................................................................................ 243 IGMP Snooping Group .............................................................................................................................................................. 243 MLD Snooping Group ............................................................................................................................................................... 244 WAC Authenticating State......................................................................................................................................................... 245 JWAC Host Table ...................................................................................................................................................................... 246 MAC Address Table .................................................................................................................................................................. 247 System Log ................................................................................................................................................................................ 248 MAC Authentication State......................................................................................................................................................... 249 Save and Tools..............................................................................................................................................250 Save Configuration..................................................................................................................................................................... 251

viii Save Log .................................................................................................................................................................................... 251 Save All...................................................................................................................................................................................... 252 Download Configuration File/Download Configuration File to NV-RAM ............................................................................... 252 Download Configuration File to SD Card.................................................................................................................................. 253 Download Firmware/Download Firmware to NV-RAM ........................................................................................................... 253 Download Firmware to SD Card................................................................................................................................................ 254 Upload Configuration File/Upload Configuration File to TFTP................................................................................................ 254 Upload Log File/Upload Log File to TFTP................................................................................................................................ 255 Reset........................................................................................................................................................................................... 255 Reboot System ........................................................................................................................................................................... 256 Appendix A – Mitigating ARP Spoofing Attacks Using Packet Content ACL......................................257 Appendix B – Switch Log Entries...............................................................................................................264 Appendix C – Trap Logs.............................................................................................................................276 Appendix D – Password Recovery Procedure...........................................................................................279 Appendix E – Glossary................................................................................................................................280 Warranty ......................................................................................................................................................282

ix Intended Readers The DGS-3200 Series Manual contains i nformation for set up an d m anagement of t he Switch. This m anual i s i ntended for network managers familiar with network management concepts and terminology. Typographical Conventions Convention Description [ ] In a command line, square brackets indicate an optional entry. For example: [copy filename] means that optionally you can type copy followed by the name of the file. Do not type the brackets. Bold font Indicates a button, a toolbar icon, menu, or menu item. For example: Open the File menu and choose Cancel. Used for emphasis. May also indicate system messages or prompts appearing on screen. For example: You have mail. Bold font is also used to represent filenames, program names and commands. For example: use the copy command. Boldface Typewriter Font Indicates commands and responses to prompts that must be typed exactly as printed in the manual. Initial capital letter Indicates a window name. Names of keys on the keyboard have initial capitals. For example: Click Enter. Italics Indicates a window name or a field. Also can indicate a variables or parameter that is replaced with an appropriate word or string. For example: type filename means that the actual filename should be typed instead of the word shown in italic. Menu Name > Menu Option Menu Name > Menu Option Indicates the menu structure. Device > Port > Port Properties means the Port Properties menu option under the Port menu option that is located under the Device menu.

x Notes, Notices, and Cautions A NOTE indicates important information that helps make better use of the device. A NOTICE indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells how to avoid the problem. A CAUTION indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death. Safety Cautions Use the following safety guidelines to ensure your own personal safety and to help protect your system from potential damage. Throughout this safety section, the caution icon ( ) is used to indicate ca utions and precautions that need to be reviewed and followed. To reduce the risk of bodily injury, electrical shock, fire, and damage to the equipment observe the following precautions.  Observe and follow service markings.  Do not service any product except as explained in the system documentation.  Opening or removing covers that are marked with the triangular symbol with a lightning bolt may expose the user to electrical shock.  Only a trained service technician should service components inside these compartments.  If any of the following conditions occur, unplug the product from the electrical outlet a nd replace the part or contact your trained service provider:  Damage to the power cable, extension cable, or plug.  An object has fallen into the product.  The product has been exposed to water.  The product has been dropped or damaged.  The product does not operate correctly when the operating instructions are correctly followed.  Keep your system away from radiators and heat sources. Also, do not block cooling vents.  Do not spill food or liquids on system components, and never operate the product in a wet environment. If the system gets wet, see the appropriate section in the troubleshooting guide or contact your trained service provider.

xi  Do not push any objects into the openings of the system. Doing so can cause fire or electric shock by shorting out interior components.  Use the product only with approved equipment.  Allow the product to cool before removing covers or touching internal components.  Operate the product only from the type of external power source indicated on the electrical ratings label. If unsure of the type of power source required, consult your service provider or local power company.  To help avoid damaging the system, be sure the voltage selection switch (if provided) on the power supply is set to match the power available at the Switch’s location:  115 volts (V)/60 hertz (Hz) in most of North and South America and some Far Eastern countries such as South Korea and Taiwan  100 V/50 Hz in eastern Japan and 100 V/60 Hz in western Japan  230 V/50 Hz in most of Europe, the Middle East, and the Far East  Also, be sure that attached devices are electrically rated to operate with the power available in your location.  Use only a pproved power c able(s). If you ha ve n ot been provided with a p ower c able f or your s ystem or f or a ny AC- powered option intended for your system, purchase a power cable that is approved for use in your country. The power cable must be rated for the product and for the voltage and current marked on the product's electrical ratings label. The voltage and current rating of the cable should be greater than the ratings marked on the product.  To help prevent electric shock, plug the system and peripheral power cables into properly grounded electrical outlets. These cables are e quipped wi th t hree-prong pl ugs t o hel p e nsure p roper grounding. D o n ot use ada pter plugs or remove t he grounding prong from a cable. If using an extension cable is necessary, use a 3-wire cable with properly grounded plugs.  Observe extension cable and power strip ratings. Make sure that the total a mpere rating of all pro ducts plugged into the extension cable or power strip does not exceed 80 percent of the ampere ratings limit for the extension cable or power strip.  To help protect the system from sudden, transient increases and decreases in elect rical power, use a surge suppressor, line conditioner, or uninterruptible power supply (UPS).  Position system cables and power cables carefully; route cables so that they cannot be stepped on or tripped over. Be sure that nothing rests on any cables.  Do not modify power cables or plugs. Consult a licensed electrician or your power company for site modifications. Always follow your local/national wiring rules.  When conn ecting or disconnecting power to hot-pluggable power su pplies, if of fered with y our system, o bserve t he following guidelines:  Install the power supply before connecting the power cable to the power supply.  Unplug the power cable before removing the power supply.  If the system has multiple sources of power, disconnect power from the system by unplugging all power cables from the power supplies.  Move products with care; ens ure that a ll casters and/or stabilizers are fi rmly connected to the system. Avoid sudden stops and uneven surfaces. General Precautions for Rack-Mountable Products Observe the following precautions for rack stability and safety. Also, refer to th e rack installation documentation accompanying the system and the rack for specific caution statements and procedures.  Systems are considered to be components in a rack. Thus, "component" refers to any system as well as to various peripherals or supporting hardware.

xii CAUTION: Installing systems in a rack without the front and side stabilizers installed could cause the rack to tip over, potentially resulting in bodily injury under certain circumstances. Therefore, always install the stabilizers before installing components in the rack. After installing system/components in a rack, never pull more than one component out of the rack on its slide assemblies at one time. The weight of more than one extended component could cause the rack to tip over and may result in serious injury.  Before working on the rack, make sure t hat the sta bilizers are secured to the rack, extended to the floor, and that t he full weight of the rack rests on the floor. Install front and side stabilizers on a single rack or front stabilizers for joined multiple racks before working on the rack.  Always load the rack from the bottom up, and load the heaviest item in the rack first.  Make sure that the rack is level and stable before extending a component from the rack.  Use caution when pressing the component rail release latches and sliding a component into or out of a rack; the slide rails can pinch your fingers.  After a component is inserted into the rack, carefully extend the rail into a l ocking position, and then slide the component into the rack.  Do not overload the AC supply bra nch circuit that provides power to th e rack. The t otal rack lo ad should not exceed 80 percent of the branch circuit rating.  Ensure that proper airflow is provided to components in the rack.  Do not step on or stand on any component when servicing other components in a rack. NOTE: A qualified electrician must perform all connections to DC power and to safety grounds. All electrical wiring must comply with applicable local or national codes and practices. CAUTION: Never defeat the ground conductor or operate the equipment in the absence of a suitably installed ground conductor. Contact the appropriate electrical inspection authority or an electrician if uncertain that suitable grounding is available. CAUTION: The system chassis must be positively grounded to the rack cabinet frame. Do not attempt to connect power to the system until grounding cables are connected. Completed power and safety ground wiring must be inspected by a qualified electrical inspector. An energy hazard will exist if the safety ground cable is omitted or disconnected. CAUTION: When mounting the Switch on a cement wall, a proper concrete sleeve anchor should be used, such as the one that is included in the optional D-Link Wall Mount kit (DRE-KIT018).

xiii Lithium Battery Precaution CAUTION: Incorrectly replacing the lithium battery of the Switch may cause the battery to explode. Replace this battery only with the same or equivalent type recommended by the manufacturer. Discard used batteries according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Protecting Against Electrostatic Discharge Static electricity can harm delicate components inside the system. To prevent static damage, discharge static electricity from your body before touching any of the electronic components, such as the microprocessor. This can be done by periodically touching an unpainted metal surface on the chassis. The following steps can also be taken prevent damage from electrostatic discharge (ESD): 1. When unpacking a static-sensitive component from its shipping carton, do not remove the component from the antistatic packing material until ready to install the component in the system. Just before unwrapping the antistatic packaging, be sure to discharge static electricity from your body. 2. When transporting a sensitive component, first place it in an antistatic container or packaging. 3. Handle all sensitive components in a static-safe area. If possible, use antistatic floor pads, workbench pads and an antistatic grounding strap.

1 Section 1 Web-based Switch Configuration Introduction Logging onto the Web Manager Web-Based User Interface Introduction All software functions of the Switch can be managed, configured, and monitored via the embedded web-based (HTML) interface. Manage the Switch from remote stations anywhere on the network through a standard browser, such as Internet Explorer 5.5 or later, Net scape 8. 0 or l ater, Fi refox 2.0 or l ater, o r Apple Sa fari 3.0. The b rowser act s as a u niversal a ccess t ool a nd ca n communicate directly with the Switch using the HTTP protocol. The Web-based m anagement m odule a nd the Console program (and T elnet) a re different ways t o access t he sa me interna l switching software and configure it. Thus, all settings encountered in web-based management are the same as those found in the console program. Logging onto the Web Manager To begin managing the Switch, simply run the browser installed on your computer and point it to the IP address you have defined for the device. The URL in the address bar should read something like: http://123.123.123.123, where the numbers 123 represent the IP address of the Switch. NOTE: The factory default IP address is 10.90.90.90. This opens the management module's user authentication window, as seen below. Figure 1- 1. Enter Network Password window Enter “admin” in both the User Name field and the Password field and click OK. This will ope n the Web-based user interface. The Switch management features available in the web-based manager are explained below.

2 Web-based User Interface The user i nterface provides access to various Switch configuration and management windows, allows the user to view performance statistics, and permits graphical monitoring of the system status. Areas of the User Interface The figure below shows the user interface. Three distinct areas divide the user interface, as described in the table. Figure 1- 2. Main Web-Manager window Area Function Area 1 Select the folder or window to display. Open folders and click the hyperlinked window buttons and subfolders contained within them to display windows. Area 2 Presents a graphical near real-time image of the front panel of the Switch. This area displays the Switch's ports and expansion modules and shows port activity, depending on the specified mode. Some management functions, including port monitoring are accessible here. Click the D-Link logo to go to the D-Link website. Area 3 Presents Switch status based on user selection and the entry of configuration data. In addition, hyperlinks are offered for many Switch features to enable quick configuration.

3 Web Pages When connecting to the management mode of the Switch with a Web browser, a login screen is displayed. Enter a user name and password to access the Switch's management mode. Below is a list of the folders and windows available in the Web interface: Configuration – Contains the following main folders, windows, and related windows: System Information, Serial Port Settings, IP Address, IPv6 Interface Settings, IPv6 Route Table, IPv6 Neighbor Settings, Port Configuration, Port Settings, Port Description, Port Error Disabled, Static ARP Settings, User Accounts, System Log Configuration, System Log Settings, System Log Host, System Severity Settings, DHCP/BOOTP Relay, DHCP/BOOTP Relay Global Settings, DHCP/BOOTP Relay Interface Settings, DHCP Local Relay Settings, DHCP Auto Configuration Settings, MAC Address Aging Time, W eb Settings, Telnet Settings, Password Encryption, CLI Pag ing Settings, Firmware Information, Power Saving Settings, Dual Configuration Settings, SMTP Settings, Ping Test, SNTP Settings, Time Settings, Time Zone Settings, MAC Notification Settings, MAC Notification Global Settings, MAC Notification Port Settings, SNMP Settings, SNMP Global State Settings, SNMP Linkchange Trap Settings, SNMP View Table, SNMP Group Table, SNMP User Table, SNMP Community Table, SNMP Host Table, SNMP v6Host Table, SNMP Engine ID, SNMP Trap Configuration, RMON, CPU Filter L3 Con trol Packet Settings, Single IP Man agement, and Single IP Settings, Topology, Firmware Upgrade, Configuration File Backup/Restore, Upload Log File, and SD Card FS Settings. L2 Features – Contains the following main folders, windows, and related windows: Jumbo Frame, Egress Filter Settings, 802.1Q VLAN, Priv ate VLAN Settin gs, 802.1v Protocol VLAN, 802 .1v Pro tocol Gro up Settings, 802 .1v Protocol VLAN Setting s, MAC-based VLAN Settings, GVRP Settings, PVID Auto Assign Settings, Port Trunking, VLAN Trunk Settings, LACP Po rt Settings, Traffic Segmentation, IGMP Snooping, IGMP Snooping Settings, Data Driven Learning Settings, ISM VLAN Settings, ISM Profile Settings, IP Multicast Pro file Settings, Limited Multicast Address Range Settin gs, Max Multicast Group Settings, MLD Snooping Settings, Port Mirroring, Loopback Detection Settings, Spanning Tree, STP Bridge Global Settings, STP Port Settings, MST Co nfiguration Id entification, STP In stance Setti ngs, MSTP Port In formation, Forward ing & Filterin g, Unicast Forwarding, Multicast Forwarding, and Multicast Filtering Mode. QoS – Contains the following main folders, windows, and related windows: Bandwidth Control, Traffic Control, 802.1p Default Priority, 802.1p User Priority, and QoS Scheduling Mechanism. Security – Contains the following main folders, windows, and related windows: Safeguard Engine, Trusted Host, IP-MAC-Port Binding (IMPB), IMPB Global Settings, IMPB Port Settings, IMPB Entry Settings, DHCP Snooping Entries, MAC Blocked List, Port Security, Port Security Settings, Port Lo ck Entries, DHCP Server Screening, DHCP Screening Port Settings , DHCP Offer Filtering, 802 .1X, 802.1X Settings, 802 .1X User, Au thentic RADIUS Serv er, Gu est VLAN, SSL Settin gs, SSH, SSH Configuration, SSH Authmode an d Al gorithm Settin gs, SSH Us er Authentication Mode, Acce ss Au thentication Con trol, Authentication Policy and Parameter Settings, Application Authentication Settings, Authentication Server Group, Authentication Server Host, Login Method Lists, Enable Method Lists, Configure Local Enable Password, Enable Admin, MAC-based Access Control (MAC), MAC Settings, MAC Local Settings, Web-based Access Con trol (WAC), WAC Global Settings, WAC User Settings, WAC Port Settings, Japanese Web-based Access Control (JWAC), JWAC Global Settings, JWAC Port Settings, JWAC User Settings, JWAC Customize Page Language, JWAC Customize Page, Multiple Authentication, Authorization Network State Settings, Multiple Authentication Settings, Guest VLAN, IGMP Access Control Settings, and ARP Spoofing Prevention Settings. ACL – Contains the following main folders, windows, and related windows: Access Configuration Wizard, Access Profile List, CPU Access Profile List, and Time Range Settings. Monitoring – Contains the following main folders, windows, and related windows: Device Environment, Cable Diagnostics, CPU Utilization, Port Utilization, Packet Size, Packets, Received (RX), UMB_cast (RX), Transmitted (TX), Errors, Received (R X), Transmitted (TX), Port Access Control, RADIUS Authentication, RADIUS Account Client, Authenticator State, Authenticator Statistics, Authenticator Session Statistics, Au thenticator Diagnostics, Browse ARP Table, Browse VLAN, Browse Router Port, Browse MLD Router Port, Browse Session Table, IGMP Snooping Group, MLD Snooping Group, WAC Authenticating State, JWAC Host Table, MAC Address Table, System Log, and MAC Authentication State. Save – Contains links for Save Configuration, Save Log, and Save All. Tools – Contains the following windows: Download Configuration File to NV-RAM, Download Configuration File to SD Card, Download Firmware to NV- RAM, Download Firmware to SD Ca rd, Upload Configuration File to TFTP, Upload Log File to TFTP, Reset, and Reboot System.

4 NOTE: Be sure to configure the user name and password in the User Accounts window before connecting the Switch to the greater network.

5 Section 2 Configuration Device Information System Information Serial Port Settings IP Address IPv6 Interface Settings IPv6 Route Table IPv6 Neighbor Settings Port Configuration Static ARP Settings User Accounts System Log Configuration System Severity Settings DHCP/BOOTP Relay DHCP Local Relay Settings DHCP Auto Configuration Settings MAC Address Aging Time Web Settings Telnet Settings Password Encryption CLI Paging Settings Firmware Information Power Saving Settings Dual Configuration Settings SMTP Settings Ping Test SNTP Settings MAC Notification Settings SNMP Settings CPU Filter L3 Control Packet Settings Single IP Management SD Card FS Settings (DGS-3200-24 only)

6 Device Information This window contains the main settings for all major functions for the Switch. It appears automatically when you log on to the Switch. To retu rn to the Device I nformation w indow af ter v iewing oth er windows, click th e DGS-3200-10/DGS-3200-16/ DGS-3200-24 folder. Th e Device In formation w indow show s th e Switch’s MAC Ad dress (assigned by t he fact ory an d unchangeable), the Boot PROM Version, Firmware Version, Hardware Version, and many other important types of information. This is h elpful to keep track o f PROM and firmware updates and to obtain the Switch’s MAC address for entry into another network device’s address table, if necessary. In addition, this window displays the status of functions on the Switch to quickly assess their current global status. Many functions are hyper-linked for easy access to enable quick configuration from this window. Figure 2- 1. Device Information window

7 System Information The user can enter a System Name, System Location, and System Contact to aid in defining the Switch. To view the following window, click Configuration > System Information: Figure 2- 2. System Information window The fields that can be configured are described below: Parameter Description System Name Enter a system name for the Switch, if desired. This name will identify it in the Switch network. System Location Enter the location of the Switch, if so desired. System Contact Enter a contact name for the Switch, if so desired. Click Apply to implement changes made.

8 Serial Port Settings The user can adjust the Baud Rate and the Auto Logout values. To view the following window, click Configuration > Serial Port Settings: Figure 2- 3. Serial Port Settings window Baud Rate This field specifies the baud rate for the serial port on the Switch. There are four possible baud rates to choose from, 9600, 19200, 38400 and 115200. For a connection to the Switch using the CLI interface, the baud rate must be set to 115200, which is the default setting. Auto Logout Select the logout time used for the console interface. This automatically logs the user out after an idle period of time, as defined. Choose from the following options: 2 mins, 5 mins, 10 mins, 15 mins or Never. The default setting is 10 mins. Click Apply to implement changes made. IP Address The IP address may initially be set using the console interface prior to connecting to it th rough the Ethernet. If th e Switch IP address has not yet been changed, read the introduction of the DGS-3200 Series CLI Manual for more information. The Web manager will display the Switch’s current IP settings. To view the following window, click Configuration > IP Address: Figure 2- 4. IP Address window To manually assign the Switch’s IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway address: 1. Click the Manual radio button at the top of the window. 2. Enter the appropriate IP Address and Subnet Mask. 3. If accessing the Switch from a different subnet from the one it is installed on, enter the IP address of the default Gateway. If managing the Switch from the subnet on which it is i nstalled, the user may leave the default address (0.0.0.0) in this field. 4. If the Switch has no previously configured VLANs, th e user can u se the Management VLAN Nam e entitled “default”. This default Management VLAN contains all of t he Switch ports as m embers. If t he Switch has previously configured VLANs, the user will need to enter the VLAN ID of the VLAN th at contains the port connected to the management station that will access the Switch. The Switch will allow m anagement access from stations with the same VID listed here.

9 NOTE: The Switch’s factory default IP address is 10.90.90.90 with a subnet mask of 255.0.0.0 and a default gateway of 0.0.0.0. To use the DHCP or BOOTP protocols to assign the Switch an IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway address: Use the radio button at the top of the window to choose either DHCP or BOOTP. This selects the method the Switch assigns an IP address on the next reboot. The following parameters may be configured or viewed: Parameter Description Manual Allows the entry of an IP address, subnet mask, and a default gateway for the Switch. These fields should be of the form xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx, where each xxx is a number (represented in decimal form) between 0 and 255. This address should be a unique address on the network assigned for use by the network administrator. DHCP The Switch will send out a DHCP broadcast request when it is powered up. The DHCP protocol allows IP addresses, network masks, and default gateways to be assigned by a DHCP server. If this option is set, the Switch will first look for a DHCP server to provide it with this information before using the default or previously entered settings. BOOTP The Switch will send out a BOOTP broadcast request when it is powered up. The BOOTP protocol allows IP addresses, network masks, and default gateways to be assigned by a central BOOTP server. If this option is set, the Switch will first look for a BOOTP server to provide it with this information before using the default or previously entered settings. Subnet Mask A Bitmask that determines the extent of the subnet that the Switch is on. Should be of the form xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx, where each xxx is a number (represented in decimal) between 0 and 255. The value should be 255.0.0.0 for a Class A network, 255.255.0.0 for a Class B network, and 255.255.255.0 for a Class C network, but custom subnet masks are allowed. Gateway IP address that determines where packets with a destination address outside the current subnet should be sent. This is usually the address of a router or a host acting as an IP gateway. If your network is not part of an intranet, or you do not want the Switch to be accessible outside your local network, you can leave this field unchanged. Management VLAN Name This allows the entry of a VLAN name from which a management station will be allowed to manage the Switch using TCP/IP (in-band via Web manager or Telnet). Management stations that are on VLANs other than the one entered here will not be able to manage the Switch in-band unless their IP addresses are entered in the Trusted Host window (Security > Trusted Host). If VLANs have not yet been configured for the Switch, the default VLAN contains all of the Switch’s ports. There are no entries in the Trusted Host table, by default, so any management station that can connect to the Switch can access the Switch until a management VLAN is specified or Management Station IP addresses are assigned. Click Apply to implement changes made.

10 Setting the Switch’s IP Address using the Console Interface Each Switch must be assi gned its own IP Address, which is used for communication with an SNMP network manager or other TCP/IP application (for example BOOTP, TFTP). The Switch’s default IP address is 10.90.90.90. The default Switch IP address can be changed to meet the specification of your networking address scheme. The IP address for the Switch must be set before the Web-based manager can manage the switch. The Switch IP address can be automatically set using BOOTP or DHCP protocols, in which case the actual address assigned to the Switch must be known. The IP address may be set using the Command Line Interface (CLI) over the console serial port as follows:  Starting at the command line prom pt, enter the c ommands config ipif Sy stem ipaddress xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/ yyy.yyy.yyy.yyy. Where the x’s represent the IP address to be assigned to the IP interface named System and the y’s represent the corresponding subnet mask.  Alternatively, the user ca n enter config i pif Sy stem ipa ddress xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/z. Where the x’s represent the IP address to be assigned to the IP interface named System and the z represents the corresponding number of subnets in CIDR notation. The IP interface named System on the Switch can be assigned an IP address and subnet mask, which can then be used to connect a management station to the Switch’s Telnet or Web-based management agent. Successful entry of the command will produce a “Success” message, indicating that the command execution was correctly. The user may now utilize this address to c onfigure or m anage the Switch through Tel net, the Command Line Interface (CLI) or the Web-based management (GUI). IPv6 Interface Settings Users can display the Switch’s current IPv6 interface settings. To view the following window, click Configuration > IPv6 Interface Settings: Figure 2- 5. IPv6 Interface Settings window To configure IPv6 interface settings, enter an Interface Name, a VLAN Name, and make sure the Interface Admin. State is Enabled. Click the Create button. The new entry will appear in the Interface Table at the bottom of the window.

11 To modify an IPv6 Interface Table entry, click the corresponding Edit button. The following window opens: Figure 2- 6. IPv6 Interface Settings (Edit) window The IPv6 window is divided into three distinct parts. The following parameters may be configured or viewed at the top of the window: Parameter Description Interface Name The name of the IPv6 interface being modified. VLAN Name Enter the VLAN name of the IPv6 interface. IPv6 Address Enter the IPv6 address of the interface to be modified. Admin. State Toggle the state between Enabled and Disabled. Link Status Displays whether the IPv6 Interface is Up or Down. Member Ports Displays the port numbers that are part of the IPv6 Interface. NS Retransmit Time (0- 4294967295) Enter a value between 0 and 4294967295. This is the neighbor solicitation’s retransmit timer in milliseconds. The default is zero. After making the desired changes, click the Apply button in the top section of the window. The following parameter is used to configure the Automatic Link Local Address: Parameter Description Automatic Link Local Address Toggle between Enabled and Disabled. Enabling this is helpful when no external source of network addressing information is available. Click the adjacent Apply button when you have finished configuring the Automatic Link Local Address. The following parameter is used to add/remove an IPv6 Default Gateway Address from the Switch: Parameter Description Default Gateway Enter the IPv6 address of the default gateway you want to add/remove. Click the Create button to add the default gateway. Click the Delete button to delete the default gateway.

12 IPv6 Route Table The user can configure the Switch’s IPv6 Route Table. To view the following window, click Configuration > IPv6 Route Table: Figure 2- 7. IPv6 Route Table window Enter an IPv6 address in the Gateway field and click the Create button.

13 IPv6 Neighbor Settings The user can configure the Switch’s IPv6 neighbor settings. The Switch’s current IPv6 neighbor settings will be displayed in the table at the bottom of this window. To view the following window, click Configuration > IPv6 Neighbor Settings: Figure 2- 8. IPv6 Neighbor Settings window Enter the Interface Name, Neighbor IPv6 Address, and the Link Layer MAC Address and then click the Add button. The State can be set to All, Address, Static, or Dynamic. To look for an IPv6 Neighbor Settings table entry, enter the Interface Name, select the desired State in the middle section of this window, and then click the Find button. To delete all the entries being displayed on the table at the bottom of this window, click the Clear button. The following parameters may be configured or viewed: Parameter Description Interface Name Enter the name of the IPv6 neighbor. To search for all the current interfaces on the Switch, go to the second Interface Name field in the middle part of the window, tick the All check box, and then click the Find button. Neighbor IPv6 Address Enter the neighbor IPv6 address. Link Layer MAC Address Enter the link layer MAC address. State Use the drop-down menu to select All, Address, Static, or Dynamic.

14 Port Configuration The Port Configuration folder contains three windows: Port Settings, Port Description, and Port Error Disabled. Port Settings To view the following window, click Configuration > Port Configuration > Port Settings: Figure 2- 9. Port Settings window To configure switch ports: 1. Choose the port or sequential range of ports using the From Port and To Port drop-down menus. 2. Use the remaining drop-down menus to configure the parameters described below: The following parameters may be configured or viewed: Parameter Description State Toggle the State field to either enable or disable a given port or group of ports. Speed/Duplex Toggle the Speed/Duplex field to either select the speed and duplex/half-duplex state of the port. Auto denotes auto-negotiation between 10 and 100 Mbps devices, in full- or half-duplex. The Auto setting allows the port to automatically determine the fastest settings the device the port is connected to can handle, and then to use those settings. The other options are 10M Half, 10M Full, 100M Half, 100M Full, 1000M Full_Master, 1000M Full_Slave, and 1000M Full. There is no automatic adjustment of port settings with any option other than Auto. The Switch allows the user to configure three types of gigabit connections; 1000M Full_Master, 1000M Full_Slave, and 1000M Full. Gigabit connections only support full duplex connections and take on certain characteristics that are different from the other choices listed. The 1000M Full_Master and 1000M Full_Slave parameters refer to connections running a 1000BASE-T cable for connection between the Switch port and other device capable of a gigabit connection. The master setting (1000M Full_Master) will allow the port to advertise capabilities related to duplex, speed and physical layer type. The master setting will also determine the master and slave relationship between the two connected physical layers. This relationship is necessary for establishing the timing control between the two physical layers. The timing control is set on a master physical layer by a local source. The slave setting (1000M Full_Slave) uses loop timing, where the timing comes from a data stream received from the master. If one connection is set for 1000M Full_Master, the other side of the connection must be set for 1000M Full_Slave. Any other configuration will result in a link down status for both ports. Flow Control Displays the flow control scheme used for the various port configurations. Ports configured for full-duplex use 802.3x flow control, half-duplex ports use backpressure flow config, and Auto ports use an automatic selection of the two. The default is Disabled.

15 Address Learning Enable or disable MAC address learning for the selected ports. When Enabled, destination and source MAC addresses are automatically listed in the forwarding table. When address learning is Disabled, MAC addresses must be manually entered into the forwarding table. This is sometimes done for reasons of security or efficiency. See the section on Forwarding/Filtering for information on entering MAC addresses into the forwarding table. The default setting is Enabled. Medium Type If configuring the Combo ports, this defines the type of transport medium to be used, whether Copper or Fiber. Click Apply to implement the new settings on the Switch. Port Description The Switch supports a port description feature where the user may name various ports. To view the following window, click Configuration > Port Configuration > Port Description: Figure 2- 10. Port Description window Use the From Port and To Port drop-down menu to choose a port or range of ports to describe. Users may then enter a description for the chosen port(s). If configuring the Combo ports, the Medium Type defines the type of transport medium to be used, whether Copper or Fiber. Click Apply to set the descriptions in the Port Description window.

16 Port Error Disabled The following window will display the information about ports that have had their connection status disabled, for reasons such as storm control or link down status. To view the following window, click Configuration > Port Configuration > Port Error Disabled: Figure 2- 11. Port Error Disabled window The following parameters are displayed: Parameter Description Port Displays the port that has been error disabled. Port State Describes the current running state of the port, whether enabled or disabled. Connection Status This field will read the uplink status of the individual ports, whether enabled or disabled. Reason Describes the reason why the port has been error-disabled, such as it has become a shutdown port for storm control. Static ARP Settings The Address Resolution P rotocol i s a T CP/IP p rotocol t hat con verts IP a ddresses into physical addresses. Th is tab le allo ws network managers to view, define, modify, and delete ARP information for specific devices. Static entries can be defined in the ARP table. When static entries are defined, a permanent entry is entered and is used to translate IP addresses to MAC addresses. To view the following window, click Configuration > Static ARP Settings: Figure 2- 12. Static ARP Settings window The following parameters may be configured or viewed: Parameter Description ARP Aging Time (0-65535) The ARP entry age-out time, in seconds. The default is 20 minutes. IP Address The IP address of the ARP entry. MAC Address The MAC address of the ARP entry. After entering a global ARP Aging Time in seconds, click Apply to allow it to take effect. The default value is 20 seconds.

17 After entering the IP Address and MAC Address of the Static ARP entry, click Apply to implement the new entry. To completely clear the static ARP entries, click the Delete All button. To modify a static ARP en try, click the Edit button located on the right side of the en try in the ARP table at th e bottom of the window. To delete a static ARP entry, click the Delete button located on the right side of the entry in the static ARP table at the bottom of the window.

18 User Accounts The Switch allows the control of user privileges. To view the following window, click Configuration > User Accounts: Figure 2- 13. User Accounts window To add a new user, type in a User Name and New Password and retype the same password in the Confirm New Password field. Choose the level of privilege (Admin or User) from the Access Right drop-down menu. Figure 2- 14. User Accounts window (Edit) Modify or delete an existing user account in the table at the bottom of the window. To delete the user account, click the Delete button. To change the password, click the Edit button next to the entry in the table at the bottom of the window. Enter an Old Password, New Password, and retype the new password in the Confirm Password field offered, use the drop-down menu to select the type of encryption desired (Plain Text or Sha 1), and then click Apply. The level of privilege (Admin or User) can be viewed in the Access Right column in the table at the bottom of the window. NOTICE: In case of lost passwords or password corruption, please refer to the Appendix D, “Password Recovery Procedure,” which will guide you through the steps necessary to resolve this issue. Admin and User Privileges There are two levels of user privileges, Admin and User. Some menu selections available to users with Admin privileges may not be available to those with User privileges. The following table summarizes the Admin and User privileges:

19 Management Admin User Configuration Yes Read-only Network Monitoring Yes Read-only Community Strings and Trap Stations Yes Read-only Update Firmware and Configuration Files Yes No System Utilities Yes No Factory Reset Yes No User Account Management Add/Update/Delete User Accounts Yes No View User Accounts Yes No System Log Configuration The System Log Configuration folder contains two windows: System Log Settings and System Log Host. System Log Settings The Switch allows users to choose a method for which to save the switch log to the flash memory of the Switch. To view the following window, click Configuration > System Log Configuration > System Log Settings: Figure 2- 15. System Log Settings window Use the drop-down menu to choose the method for saving the switch log to the flash memory. The user has three options:  Time Interval – Users who choose this method can configure a time interval by which the Switch will save the log files, in the box adjacent to this configuration field. The user may set a time between 1 and 65535 minutes.  On Demand – Users who choose this method will only save log files when they manually tell the Switch to do so, either using the Save Log link in the Save folder or clicking the Save Log Now button on this window.  Log Trigger – Users who choose this method will have log files saved to the Switch every time a log event occurs on the Switch. The d efault setting is On Demand. Click Apply t o sa ve cha nges m ade. C lick Save L og Now to immediately sav e l og files currently on the switch.

20 System Log Host The Switch can send Syslog messages to up to four designated servers using the System Log Server. To view the following window, click Configuration > System Log Configuration > System Log Host: Figure 2- 16. System Log Host window The following parameters may be configured or viewed: Parameter Description Host ID Syslog server settings index (1 to 4). Host IP Address The Ipv4 address of the Syslog server. UDP Port (514 or 6000-65535) Type the UDP port number used for sending Syslog messages. The default is 514. Severity This drop-down menu allows you to select the level of messages that will be sent. The options are Warning, Informational, and All. Facility Use the drop-down menu to select Local 0, Local 1, Local 2, Local 3, Local 4, Local 5, Local 6, or Local 7. Status Choose Enabled or Disabled to activate or deactivate. To set t he System Log Server configuration, click Apply. To delete an en try from the System Log Host List tab le, click the corresponding Delete button next to the entry. System Severity Settings The Switch can be configured to allow alerts be logged or sent as a trap to an SNMP a gent or both. The level at whi ch the alert triggers either a log entry or a trap message can be set as well. Use the System Severity Settings window to set the criteria fo r alerts. The current settings are displayed below the System Severity Table. To view the following window, click Configuration > System Severity Settings: Figure 2 - 17. System Severity Settings window The following parameters may be configured or viewed:

21 Parameter Description System Severity Choose how the alerts are used from the drop-down menu. Select Log to send the alert of the Severity Type configured to the Switch’s log for analysis. Choose Trap to send it to an SNMP agent for analysis, or select All to send the chosen alert type to an SNMP agent and the Switch’s log for analysis. Severity Level Choose what level of alert will trigger sending the log entry or trap message as defined by the Severity Name. Select Critical to send only critical events to the Switch’s log or SNMP agent. Choose Warning to send critical and warning events to the Switch’s log or SNMP agent. Select Information to send informational, warning, and critical events to the Switch’s log or SNMP agent. Click Apply to implement the new System Severity Settings. DHCP/BOOTP Relay The DHCP/BOOTP Relay folder contains two windows: DHCP/BOOTP Relay Global Settings and DHCP/BOOTP Relay Interface Settings. DHCP/BOOTP Relay Global Settings Users can enable and configure DHCP/BOOTP Relay Global Settings. The relay hops count limit allows the maximum number of hops (routers) that the DHCP/BOOTP messages can be relayed through to be set. If a packet’s hop count is m ore than the hop count limit, the packet is dropped. The range is between 1 and 16 hops, with a default value of 4. The relay time threshold sets the minimum time (in seco nds) that the Switch will wait before forwarding a BOOTREQUEST packet. If the value in the seconds field of the packet is less th an the relay time threshold, the packet will be dropped. The range is between 0 and 65,535 seconds, with a default value of 0 seconds. To view the following window, click Configuration > DHCP/BOOTP Relay > DHCP/BOOTP Relay Global Settings: Figure 2 - 18. DHCP/ BOOTP Relay Global Settings window The following parameters may be configured or viewed: Parameter Description DHCP/BOOTP Relay State This field can be toggled between Enabled and Disabled using the drop-down menu. It is used to enable or disable the DHCP/BOOTP Relay service on the Switch. The default is Disabled. DHCP/BOOTP Relay Hops Count Limit (1- 16) This field allows an entry between 1 and 16 to define the maximum number of router hops DHCP/BOOTP messages can be forwarded. The default hop count is 4. DHCP/BOOTP Relay Time Threshold (0- 65535) Allows an entry between 0 and 65535 seconds, and defines the maximum time limit for routing a DHCP/BOOTP packet. If a value of 0 is entered, the Switch will not process the value in the seconds field of the BOOTP or DHCP packet. If a non-zero value is entered, the Switch will use that value, along with the hop count to determine whether to forward a given BOOTP or DHCP packet.

22 DHCP Relay Agent Information Option 82 State This field can be toggled between Enabled and Disabled using the drop-down menu. It is used to enable or disable the DHCP Relay Agent Information Option 82 on the Switch. The default is Disabled. Enabled –When this field is toggled to Enabled, the relay agent will insert and remove DHCP relay information (option 82 field) in messages between DHCP servers and clients. When the relay agent receives the DHCP request, it adds the option 82 information, and the IP address of the relay agent (if the relay agent is configured), to the packet. Once the option 82 information has been added to the packet it is sent on to the DHCP server. When the DHCP server receives the packet, if the server is capable of option 82, it can implement policies like restricting the number of IP addresses that can be assigned to a single remote ID or circuit ID. Then the DHCP server echoes the option 82 field in the DHCP reply. The DHCP server unicasts the reply back to the relay agent if the request was relayed to the server by the relay agent. The switch verifies that it originally inserted the option 82 data. Finally, the relay agent removes the option 82 field and forwards the packet to the switch port that connects to the DHCP client that sent the DHCP request. Disabled- When the field is toggled to Disabled, the relay agent will not insert and remove DHCP relay information (option 82 field) in messages between DHCP servers and clients, and the check and policy settings will have no effect. DHCP Relay Agent Information Option 82 Check This field can be toggled between Enabled and Disabled using the drop-down menu. It is used to enable or disable the Switches ability to check the validity of the packet’s option 82 field. Enabled – When the field is toggled to Enabled, the relay agent will check the validity of the packet’s option 82 field. If the switch receives a packet that contains the option 82 field from a DHCP client, the switch drops the packet because it is invalid. In packets received from DHCP servers, the relay agent will drop invalid messages. Disabled – When the field is toggled to Disabled, the relay agent will not check the validity of the packet’s option 82 field. DHCP Relay Agent Information Option 82 Policy This field can be toggled between Replace, Drop, and Keep by using the drop-down menu. It is used to set the Switches policy for handling packets when the DHCP Relay Agent Information Option 82 Check is set to Disabled. The default is Replace. Replace – The option 82 field will be replaced if the option 82 field already exists in the packet received from the DHCP client. Drop – The packet will be dropped if the option 82 field already exists in the packet received from the DHCP client. Keep – The option 82 field will be retained if the option 82 field already exists in the packet received from the DHCP client. Click Apply to implement any changes that have been made. NOTE: If the Switch receives a packet that contains the option 82 field from a DHCP client and the information-checking feature is enabled, the Switch drops the packet because it is invalid. However, in some instances, users may configure a client with the option 82 field. In this situation, disable the information check feature so that the Switch does not remove the option 82 field from the packet. Users may configure the action that the Switch takes when it receives a packet with existing option 82 information by configuring the DHCP Agent Information Option 82 Policy.

23 Implementation of DHCP Relay Agent Information Option 82 The config dhcp_relay opti on_82 command configures the DHCP relay agent information option 82 setting of the Switch . The formats for the circuit ID sub-option and the remote ID sub-option are as follows: NOTE: For the circuit ID sub-option of a standalone switch, the module field is always zero. Circuit ID sub-option format: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 1 6 0 4 VLAN Module Port 1 byte 1 byte 1 byte 1 byte 2 bytes 1 byte 1 byte 1. Sub-option type 2. Length 3. Circuit ID type 4. Length 5. VLAN: the incoming VLAN ID of DHCP client packet. 6. Module: For a standalone switch, the Module is always 0; for a stackable switch, the Module is the Unit ID. 7. Port: The incoming port number of the DHCP client packet, the port number starts from 1. Remote ID sub-option format: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 2 8 0 6 MAC address 1 byte 1 byte 1 byte 1 byte 6 bytes 1. Sub-option type 2. Length 3. Remote ID type 4. Length 5. MAC address: The Switch’s system MAC address. Figure 2 - 19. Circuit ID and Remote ID Sub-option Format

24 DHCP/BOOTP Relay Interface Settings Users can set up a server, by IP address, for relaying DHCP/BOOTP information to the Switch. Th e user may enter a previously configured IP interface on the Switch th at will be connected directly to the DHCP/BOOTP serv er using this window. Properly configured settings will be displayed in the DHCP/BOOTP Re lay Interface Table at the bottom of t he window, once the user clicks the Apply button. The user may add up to four server IPs per IP interface on the Switch. Entries may be deleted by clicking the corresponding Delete button. To view the following window, click Configuration > DHCP/BOOTP Relay > DHCP/BOOTP Relay Interface Settings: Figure 2 - 20. DHCP/BOOTP Relay Interface Settings window The following parameters may be configured or viewed: Parameter Description Interface The IP interface on the Switch that will be connected directly to the Server. Server IP Enter the IP address of the DHCP/BOOTP server. Up to four server IPs can be configured per IP Interface. Click Apply to include this Server IP. DHCP Local Relay Settings The DHCP local relay settin gs allows t he user to add option 82 into DHCP request packets when the DHCP client gets an IP address from the same VLAN. If the DHCP local relay settings are not configured, the Switch will flood the packets to the VLAN. In order to add option 82 into the DHCP request packets, the DHCP local relay settings and the state of the Global VLAN need to be enabled. To view the following window, click Configuration > DHCP Local Relay Settings: Figure 2 - 21. DHCP Local Relay Settings window The following parameters may be configured or viewed:

25 Parameter Description DHCP Local Relay Global State Enable or disable the DHCP Local Relay Global State. The default is Disabled. VLAN Name This is the VLAN Name that identifies the VLAN the user wishes to apply the DHCP Local Relay operation. State Enable or disable the Config DHCP Local Relay for VLAN state. DHCP/BOOTP Local Relay VID List This is a list of VLAN IDs the user wishes to apply the DHCP/BOOTP Local Relay operations. Click Apply to implement the new DHCP Local Relay Settings. DHCP Auto Configuration Settings This window is used to en able the DHCP auto configuration feature on th e Switch. When enabled, the Switch is instructed to receive a configuration file from a TFTP server, which will set the Switch to become a DHCP client automatically on boot-up. To employ t his method, t he DHCP se rver must be set u p t o deliver t he T FTP ser ver I P a ddress and co nfiguration file n ame information in the DHCP reply packet. The TFTP server must be up and running and hold the necessary configuration file stored in its base directory when the request is received from the Switch. For more information about loading a configuration file for use by a cl ient, see the DHCP server and/or TFTP server software instructions. The user may also consult the Upload L og File window description located in the Tools section of this manual. If the Switch is unable to complete the DHCP auto configuration, the previously saved configuration file present in the Switch’s memory will be used. To view the following window, click Configuration > DHCP Auto Configuration Settings: Figure 2 - 22. DHCP Auto Configuration Settings window To enable the DHCP Auto Configuration State, click the Enabled radio button and then click the Apply button. The following parameter may be configured or viewed: Parameter Description Auto Configuration State Enable or disable the Switch’s DHCP auto configuration feature. When enabled, the Switch is instructed to receive a configuration file from a TFTP server, which will set the Switch to become a DHCP client automatically on boot-up. To employ this method, the DHCP server must be set up to deliver the TFTP server IP address and configuration file name information in the DHCP reply packet. The TFTP server must be up and running and hold the necessary configuration file stored in its base directory when the request is received from the Switch. Click Apply to set the DHCP Auto Configuration State.

26 MAC Address Aging Time Users can configure the MAC Address aging time on the Switch. To view the following window, click Configuration > MAC Address Aging Time: Figure 2 – 23. MAC Address Aging Time window Enter a value between 10 and 875 seconds. The following parameter may be configured or viewed: Parameter Description MAC Address Aging Time (10- 875) This field specifies the length of time a learned MAC Address will remain in the forwarding table without being accessed (that is, how long a learned MAC Address is allowed to remain idle). To change this, type in a different value to represent the MAC address age-out time in seconds. The MAC Address Aging Time can be set to any value between 10 and 875 seconds. The default setting is 300 seconds. Click Apply to set the MAC Address Aging Time. Web Settings Users can configure the Web settings on the Switch. To view the following window, click Configuration > Web Settings: Figure 2 – 24. Web Settings window The following parameters may be configured or viewed: Parameter Description Web Status Web-based management is Enabled by default. If you choose to disable this by clicking Disabled, you will lose the ability to configure the system through the web interface as soon as these settings are applied. Port (1-65535) The TCP port number used for Web-based management of the Switch. The “well-known” TCP port for the Web protocol is 80. Click Apply to set the web settings.

27 Telnet Settings Users can configure Telnet Settings on the Switch. To view the following window, click Configuration > Telnet Settings: Figure 2 – 25. Telnet Settings window The following parameters may be configured or viewed: Parameter Description Telnet Status Telnet configuration is Enabled by default. If you do not want to allow configuration of the system through Telnet choose Disabled. Port (1-65535) The TCP port number used for Telnet management of the Switch. The “well-known” TCP port for the Telnet protocol is 23. Click Apply to set the Telnet setting. Password Encryption Users can configure Password Encryption on the Switch. To view the following window, click Configuration > Password Encryption: Figure 2 – 26. Password Encryption window The following parameter may be configured or viewed: Parameter Description Password Encryption Status Password encryption is Disabled by default. To enable password encryption, click the Enabled radio button. Click Apply to set the password encryption.

28 CLI Paging Settings Users can stop the scrolling of multiple pages beyond the limits of the console when using the Command Line Interface. To view the following window, click Configuration > CLI Paging Settings: Figure 2 – 27. CLI Paging Settings window The following parameter may be configured or viewed: Parameter Description CLI Paging Status Command Line Interface paging stops each page at the end of the console. This allows you to stop the scrolling of multiple pages of text beyond the limits of the console. CLI Paging is Enabled by default. To disable it, click the Disabled radio button. Click Apply to set the CLI Paging setting. Firmware Information Users can view, set the next boot-up status, and delete current firmware images stored on the Switch. To set firmware as the boot- up firmware the next time the Switch is restarted, click the Set Boot button. To remove the firmware from this window, click the Delete button. To view the following window, click Configuration > Firmware Information: Figure 2 – 28. Firmware Information window (DGS-3200-10 and DGS-3200-16 models)

29 Figure 2 – 29. Firmware Information window (DGS-3200-24 model) The following parameters may be configured or viewed: Parameter Description ID States the image ID number of the firmware in the Switch’s memory. The Switch can store 2 firmware images for use. Image ID 1 will be the default boot-up firmware for the Switch unless otherwise configured by the user. Version States the firmware version. Size States the size of the corresponding firmware, in bytes. Update Time States the specific time the firmware version was downloaded to the Switch. From States the IP address of the origin of the firmware. There are six ways firmware may be downloaded to the Switch. Boot-up files are denoted by an asterisk (*) next to the file. Console – If the IP address has the word Console next to it, it denotes a firmware upgrade through the Console Serial Port (RS-232). Telnet – If the IP address has the word Telnet next to it, it denotes a firmware upgrade through Telnet. SNMP – If the IP address has the word SNMP next to it, it denotes a firmware upgrade through the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). WEB – If the IP address has the word WEB next to it, it denotes a firmware upgrade through the web-based management interface. SSH – If the IP address has the word SSH next to it, it denotes a firmware upgrade through the Secure Shell (SSH). SIM – If the IP address has the word SIM next to it, it denotes a firmware upgrade through the Single IP Management feature. User States the user who downloaded the firmware. This field may read “Anonymous” or “Unknown” for users that are not identified. Path Name (DGS-3200-24 model only) This parameter is used to boot the Switch up from a firmware image stored on an SD card. To boot the Switch from a firmware image stored on an SD card carry out the following:  Input the path of the firmware image on the SD-card (such as "c:\DGS3200.had").  Click the adjacent Set Boot button to use the firmware image, stored on the SD-card, as the bootup image.

30 Power Saving Settings This window allows the user to implement the Switch’s built-in power saving features. When the Power Saving State is Enabled, a port which has a link down status will be turned off to save power to the Switch. This will not affect the port’s capabilities when the port status is link up. When the Length Detection State is Enabled, the Switch will automatically determine the length of the cable and adjust the power flow accordingly. To view the following window, click Configuration > Power Saving Settings: Figure 2 – 30. Power Saving Settings window The following parameter may be configured or viewed: Parameter Description Power Saving State Power savings is Enabled by default. To disable this feature, select Disabled from the drop- down menu. Length Detection State The power saving cable length detection state is Enabled by default. To disable this feature, select Disabled from the drop-down menu. Click Apply to set the password encryption.

31 Dual Configuration Settings Users can display dual configuration settings on the Switch. The Switch allows two configurations to be stored in its memory and either can be configured as the boot-up configuration for the Switch (the DGS-3200-24 also allows configurations to be stored on an SD-card). The user may select a boot-up configuration for the Switch by clicking the Boot button to select it. This will instruct the Switch to use this newly selected configuration the next time the Switch is restarted . To delete a co nfiguration, click the adjacent Delete button. To set a configuration as the active configuration, click the adjacent Active button. To view the following window, click Configuration > Dual Configuration Settings: Figure 2 - 31. Dual Configuration Settings window (DGS-3200-10 and DGS-3200-16 models) Figure 2 - 32. Dual Configuration Settings window (DGS-3200-24 model) The following parameters may be configured or viewed: Parameter Description ID States the configuation ID number of the configuaration in the Switch’s memory. The Switch can store 2 configurations for use. Configuration ID 1 will be the default boot-up configuration for the Switch unless otherwise configured by the user. File Name States the file name. Version States the configuration version. Size (Bytes) States the size of the corresponding configuration, in bytes.

32 Update Time States the specific time the configuration version was downloaded to the Switch. From States the IP address of the origin of the configuration. There are five ways a configuration may be downloaded to the Switch. Boot-up files are denoted by an asterisk (*) next to the file. Console – If the IP address has the word Console next to it, it denotes a configuration upgrade through the Console Serial Port (RS-232). Telnet – If the IP address has the word Telnet next to it, it denotes a configuration upgrade through Telnet. SNMP – If the IP address has the word SNMP next to it, it denotes a configuration upgrade through the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). WEB – If the IP address has the word WEB next to it, it denotes a configuration upgrade through the web-based management interface. SSH – If the IP address has the word SSH next to it, it denotes a configuration upgrade using Secure Shell (SSH). SIM – If the IP address has the word SIM next to it, it denotes a configuration upgrade through the Single IP Management feature. User States the user who downloaded the configuration. This field may read “Anonymous” or “Unknown” for users that are not identified. Boot Up States if the configuration will be used to boot up the Switch or not. Yes indicates that the configuration will be used as the boot up configuration. No indicates that the configuration will not be used as the boot up configuration. Path Name (DGS-3200-24 model only) This parameter is used to boot the Switch up from a configuration stored on an SD card. To boot the Switch from a configuration stored on an SD card carry out the following:  Input the path of configuration on the SD-card (such as "c:\DGS3200.had").  Click the adjacent Set Boot button to use the configuration, stored on the SD-card, as the bootup configuration.  Click the adjacent Active button to make the configuration, stored on the SD-card, the active configuration. Setting the Boot Up Configuration:  Click the Boot button next to the configuration you want to use as the Boot Up configuration.  A Success message appears to indicate that the configuration that will be used for booting up the Switch has changed.  The Boot Up parameter next to the configuration that will be used to boot up the Switch will read Yes. Setting the Active Configuration:  Click the Active button next to the configuration you want to use as the Active configuration.  A Success message appears to indicate that the configuration that will be used as the active configuration has changed.  An asterisk will appear next to ID of the configuration that is being used as the active configuration. Deleting a Configuration:  Click the Delete button next to the configuration you want to delete.  A Success message appears to indicate that the configuration has been deleted.

33 SMTP Settings SMTP or Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is a function of the Switch that will send switch events to mail recipients based on e-mail addresses entered in the window below. The Switch is to be configured as a client of SMTP while the server is a remote device that will receive messages from the Switch, place the appropriate information into an e-mail and deliver it to recipients configured on the Switch. This can benefit the Switch administrator by simplifying the management of small workgroups or wiring closets, increasing the speed of handling emergency Switch events, and enhancing security by recording questionable events occurring on the Switch. Users can set up the SMTP server for the Switch, along with setting e-mail addresses to which switch log files can be sent when a problem arises on the Switch. To view the following window, click Configuration > SMTP Settings: Figure 2 - 33. SMTP Settings window The following parameters may be configured or viewed: Parameter Description SMTP State Use the radio button to enable or disable the SMTP service on this device. SMTP Server Address Enter the IP address of the SMTP server on a remote device. This will be the device that sends out the mail for you. SMTP Server Port (1-65535) Enter the virtual port number that the Switch will connect with on the SMTP server. The common port number for SMTP is 25, yet a value between 1 and 65535 can be chosen. Self Mail Address Enter the e-mail address from which mail messages will be sent. This address will be the “from” address on the e-mail message sent to a recipient. Only one self-mail address can be configured for this Switch. This string can be no more that 64 alphanumeric characters. Add A Mail Receiver Enter an e-mail address and click the Add button. Up to eight e-mail addresses can be added per Switch. To delete these addresses from the Switch, click the corresponding Delete button in the SMTP Mail Receiver Address table at the bottom of the window.

34 Ping Test Users can Ping either an IPv4 address or an IPv6 address. Ping is a small program that sends ICMP Echo packets to the IP address you specify. The destination node then responds to or “echoes” the packets sent from the Switch. This is very useful to verify connectivity between the Switch and other nodes on the network. To view the following window, click Configuration > Ping Test: Figure 2 - 34. Ping Test window The user may click th e Infinite ti mes rad io button, in the Rep eat Pinging fo r field, which will tell th e ping program to k eep sending ICMP Echo pac kets to the s pecified IP addre ss until the program is stoppe d. The user may opt to c hoose a specific number of times to ping the Target IP Address by clicking its radio button and entering a number between 1 and 255. Click Start to initiate the Ping program. The following parameters may be configured or viewed: Parameter Description Target IP Address Enter an IP address to be Pinged. Interface Name For IPv6 only, enter the name of the interface to be Pinged. Repeat Pinging for Enter the number of times desired to attempt to Ping either the IPv4 address or the IPv6 address configured in this window. Users may enter a number of times between 1 and 255. Size For IPv6 only, enter a value between 1 and 6000. The default is 100. Timeout For IPv4, select a timeout period between 1 and 99 seconds for this Ping message to reach its destination. For IPv6, select a timeout period between 1 and 10 seconds for this Ping message to reach its destination. In either case, if the packet fails to find the IP address in this specified time, the Ping packet will be dropped. Click Start to initialize the Ping program.

35 SNTP Settings SNTP or Simple Network Time Protocol is used by the Switch to synchronize the clock of the computer. The SNTP Settings folder contains two windows: Time Settings and TimeZone Settings. Time Settings Users can configure the time settings for the Switch. To view the following window, click Configuration > SNTP Settings > Time Settings: Figure 2 - 35. Time Settings window The following parameters can be set or are displayed: Parameter Description Status SNTP State Use this radio button to enable or disable SNTP. Current Time Displays the Current Time. Time Source Displays the time source for the system. SNTP Settings SNTP First Server The IP address of the primary server from which the SNTP information will be taken. SNTP Second Server The IP address of the secondary server from which the SNTP information will be taken. SNTP Poll Interval In Seconds (30-99999) The interval, in seconds, between requests for updated SNTP information. Set Current Time Date (DD/MM/YYYY) Enter the current day, month, and year to update the system clock. Time (HH:MM:SS) Enter the current time in hours, minutes, and seconds. Click Apply to implement your changes.

36 Time Zone Settings Users can configure time zones and Daylight Savings Time settings for SNTP. To view the following window, click Configuration > SNTP Settings > Time Zone Settings: Figure 2 - 36. Time Zone Settings window The following parameters can be set: Parameter Description Daylight Saving Time State Use this drop-down menu to enable or disable the DST Settings. Daylight Saving Time Offset In Minutes Use this drop-down menu to specify the amount of time that will constitute your local DST offset. The available options are 30, 60, 90, or 120 minutes. Time Zone Offset From GMT In +/- HH:MM Use these drop-down menus to specify your local time zone’s offset from Greenwich Mean Time (GMT.) DST Repeating Settings – Using repeating mode will enable DST seasonal time adjustment. Repeating mode requires that the DST beginning and ending date be specified using a formula. For example, specify to begin DST on Saturday during the second week of April and end DST on Sunday during the last week of October. From: Which Week Of The Month Enter the week of the month that DST will start. From: Day Of Week Enter the day of the week that DST will start on. From: Month Enter the month DST will start on. From: Time In HH:MM Enter the time of day that DST will start on. To: Which Week Of The Month Enter the week of the month the DST will end.

37 To: Day Of Week Enter the day of the week that DST will end. To: Month Enter the month that DST will end. To: Time In HH:MM Enter the time DST will end. DST Annual Settings – Using annual mode will enable DST seasonal time adjustment. Annual mode requires that the DST beginning and ending date be specified concisely. For example, specify to begin DST on April 3 and end DST on October 14. From: Month Enter the month DST will start on, each year. From: Day Enter the day of the month DST will start on, each year. From: Time In HH:MM Enter the time of day DST will start on, each year. To: Month Enter the month DST will end on, each year. To: Day Enter the day of the month DST will end on, each year. To: Time In HH:MM Enter the time of day that DST will end on, each year. Click Apply to implement changes made to this window. MAC Notification Settings MAC Notification is used to monitor MAC addresses learned and entered into the forwarding database. The MAC Notification Settings folder contains two windows: MAC Notification Global Settings and MAC Notification Port Settings. MAC Notification Global Settings This window allows you to globally set MAC notification on the Switch. To view the following window, click Configuration > MAC Notification Settings > MAC Notification Global Settings: Figure 2 - 37. MAC Notification Global Settings window The following parameters may be viewed and modified: Parameter Description State Enable or disable MAC notification globally on the Switch Interval (1-2147483647) The time in seconds between notifications. History Size (1-500) The maximum number of entries listed in the history log used for notification. Up to 500 entries can be specified. Click Apply to implement your changes.

38 MAC Notification Port Settings Users can set MAC notification for individual ports on the Switch. To view the following window, click Configuration > MAC Notification Settings > MAC Notification Port Settings: Figure 2 - 38. MAC Notification Port Settings window To change MAC notification settings for a port or group of ports on the Switch, configure the following parameters. Parameter Description From Port Select a beginning port to enable for MAC notification using the drop-down menu. To Port Select an ending port to enable for MAC notification using the drop-down menu. State Enable MAC Notification for the ports selected using the drop-down menu. Click Apply to implement changes made.

39 SNMP Settings Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an OSI Layer 7 (Application Layer) designed specifically for managing and monitoring network devices. SNMP enables network management stations to read and modify the settings of gateways, routers, switches, and other network devices. Use SNMP to configure system features for proper operation, monitor performance and detect potential problems in the Switch, switch group or network. Managed devices that support SNMP include software (referred to as an agent), which runs locally on the device. A defined set of variables (managed objects) is maintained by the SNMP agent and used to manage the device. These objects are defined in a Management I nformation B ase (M IB), which provides a standard presentation o f t he information c ontrolled by t he o n-board SNMP agent. SNMP defines both the format of the MIB specifications and the protocol used to access this information over the network. The Switch supports the SNMP versions 1, 2c, and 3. The three versions of SNMP vary in the level of security provided between the management station and the network device. In SNMP v.1 and v.2, user authentication is accomplished using ‘community strings’, which function like passwords. The remote user SNMP application and the Switch SNMP must use the same community string. SNMP packets from any station that has not been authenticated are ignored (dropped). The default community strings for the Switch used for SNMP v.1 and v.2 management access are:  public – Allows authorized management stations to retrieve MIB objects.  private – Allows authorized management stations to retrieve and modify MIB objects. SNMPv3 uses a more sophisticated authentication process that is sep arated into two parts. The first p art is to maintain a list of users and their attributes that are allowed to act as SNMP managers. The second part describes what each user on that list can do as an SNMP manager. The Switch allows groups of users to be listed and configured with a shared set of privileges. The SNMP version may also be set for a listed group of SNMP managers. Thus, you may create a group of SNMP managers that are allowed to view read-only information or receive traps using SNMPv1 while assigning a higher level of security to another group, granting read/write privi- leges using SNMPv3. Using S NMPv3 i ndividual users or g roups of S NMP m anagers ca n be al lowed t o p erform or be restricted f rom pe rforming specific SNM P m anagement fun ctions. Th e fun ctions allowed or re stricted are defined usin g th e Obj ect Id entifier (OID) associated wit h a s pecific MIB. An a dditional layer of secu rity is av ailable for SNMPv3 in th at SNMP m essages m ay b e encrypted. To read more about how to configure SNMPv3 settings for the Switch read the next section. Traps Traps are m essages that alert network personnel of eve nts that occur on the Switch. The events can be as se rious as a reboot (someone accidentally turned OFF the Switch), or less serious like a port status ch ange. The Switch generates traps and se nds them to the trap recipient (or network manager). Typical traps include trap messages for Authentication Failure, Topology Change and Broadcast\Multicast Storm. MIBs The S witch i n t he M anagement In formation B ase (MIB) st ores m anagement and counter i nformation. The Switch u ses t he standard MIB-II Management Information Base module. Consequently, values for MIB objects can be retrieved from any SNMP- based network management software. In addition to the standard MIB-II, the Switch also supports its own proprietary enterprise MIB as an extended Management Information Base. Specifying the MIB Object Identifier may also retrieve the proprietary MIB. MIB values can be either read-only or read-write. The Switch incorporates a flexible SNMP management for the switching environment. SNMP management can be customized to suit the needs of the networks and the preferences of the network administrator. Use the SNMP V3 menus to select th e SNMP version used for specific tasks. The Switch supports the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) versions 1, 2c, and 3. The administrator can specify the SNMP version use d t o monitor a nd c ontrol t he S witch. The t hree ve rsions o f S NMP va ry i n the level o f sec urity pro vided between the management station and the network device. SNMP settings are configured using the menus located on the SNMP V3 folder of the Web manager. Workstations on the network that are allowed SNMP privileged access to the Switch can be restricted with the Management Station IP Address menu.

40 SNMP Global State Settings SNMP global state settings can be enabled or disabled. To view the following window, click Configuration > SNMP Settings > SNMP Global State Settings: Figure 2 - 39. SNMP Global State Settings window Click the Apply button to let your change take effect. SNMP Linkchange Trap Settings Users can set SNMP linkchange traps. To view the following window, click Configuration > SNMP Settings > SNMP Linkchange Trap Settings: Figure 2 - 40. SNMP Linkchange Trap Settings window To set SNMP linkchange traps on the Switch, use the From Port and To Port drop-down menus to select the desired port range and then change the State to Enabled.

41 SNMP View Table Users can assign views to community strings that define which MIB objects can be accessed by a remote SNMP manager. To view the following window, click Configuration > SNMP Settings > SNMP View Table: Figure 2 - 41. SNMP View Table window To delete an existing SNMP View Table entry, click the Delete button corresponding to the entry to delete. To create a new entry, enter the information above the table and then click the Apply button. The SNMP Gro up created with this table maps SNMP users (identified in the SNMP User Ta ble) to t he views created i n the previous window. The following parameters can set: Parameter Description View Name Type an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters. This is used to identify the new SNMP view being created. Subtree OID Type the Object Identifier (OID) Subtree for the view. The OID identifies an object tree (MIB tree) that will be included or excluded from access by an SNMP manager. View Type Select Included to include this object in the list of objects that an SNMP manager can access. Select Excluded to exclude this object from the list of objects that an SNMP manager can access. To implement your new settings, click Apply.

42 SNMP Group Table An SNMP Group created with this table maps SNMP users (identified in the SNMP User Tab le) to the views created in the previous window. To view the following window, click Configuration > SNMP Settings > SNMP Group Table: Figure 2 - 42. SNMP Group Table window To delete an existing SNMP Group Table entry, click the Delete button next to the corresponding entry. To add a new entry to the Switch’s SNMP Group Table, enter the information at the top of the window and then click Apply. The following parameters can set: Parameter Description Group Name Type an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters. This is used to identify the new SNMP group of SNMP users. Read View Name This name is used to specify the SNMP group created can request SNMP messages. Write View Name Specify an SNMP group name for users that are allowed SNMP write privileges to the Switch’s SNMP agent. Notify View Name Specify a SNMP group name for users that can receive SNMP trap messages generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Security Model SNMPv1 – Specifies that SNMP version 1 will be used. SNMPv2 – Specifies that SNMP version 2c will be used. The SNMPv2 supports both centralized and distributed network management strategies. It includes improvements in the Structure of Management Information (SMI) and adds some security features. SNMPv3 – Specifies that the SNMP version 3 will be used. SNMPv3 provides secure access to devices through a combination of authentication and encrypting packets over the network. Security Level The Security Level settings only apply to SNMPv3. NoAuthNoPriv – Specifies that there will be no authorization and no encryption of packets sent between the Switch and a remote SNMP manager. AuthNoPriv – Specifies that authorization will be required, but there will be no encryption of packets sent between the Switch and a remote SNMP manager. AuthPriv – Specifies that authorization will be required, and that packets sent between the Switch and a remote SNMP manger will be encrypted.

43 To implement your new settings, click Apply. SNMP User Table This window displays all of the SNMP User’s currently configured on the Switch. To view the following window, click Configuration > SNMP User Table: Figure 2 - 43. SNMP User Table window To delete an existing SNMP User Table entry, click the Delete button corresponding to the entry to delete. To display the detailed entry for a given user, click on the View button. This will open the SNMP User Table Display window, as shown below. The following parameters are displayed: Parameter Description User Name An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters. This is used to identify the SNMP users. Group Name This name is used to specify the SNMP group created can request SNMP messages. SNMP Version V3 – Indicates that SNMP version 3 is in use. SNMP V3 Encryption Use the drop-down menu to enable encryption for SNMP V3. This is only operable in SNMP V3 mode. The choices are None, Password, or Key. Auth-Protocol MD5 – Specifies that the HMAC-MD5-96 authentication level will be used. This field is only operable when V3 is selected in the SNMP Version field and the Encryption field has been checked. This field will require the user to enter a password. SHA – Specifies that the HMAC-SHA authentication protocol will be used. This field is only operable when V3 is selected in the SNMP Version field and the Encryption field has been checked. This field will require the user to enter a password. Priv-Protocol None – Specifies that no authorization protocol is in use. DES – Specifies that DES 56-bit encryption is in use, based on the CBC-DES (DES-56) standard. This field is only operable when V3 is selected in the SNMP Version field and the Encryption field has been checked. This field will require the user to enter a password between 8 and 16 alphanumeric characters. To implement changes made, click Apply.

44 SNMP Community Table Users can create an SNMP community string to define the relationship between the SNMP manager and an agent. The community string acts like a password to permit access to the agent on the Switch. One or m ore of the fo llowing characteristics can be associated with the community string:  An Access List of IP addresses of SNMP managers that are permitted to use the c ommunity string to gain access to the Switch’s SNMP agent.  Any MIB view that defines the subset of all MIB objects will be accessible to the SNMP community.  Read/write or read-only level permission for the MIB objects accessible to the SNMP community. To view the following window, click SNMP Settings > Configuration > SNMP Community Table: Figure 2 - 44. SNMP Community Table window The following parameters can set: Parameter Description Community Name Type an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify members of an SNMP community. This string is used like a password to give remote SNMP managers access to MIB objects in the Switch’s SNMP agent. View Name Type an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify the group of MIB objects that a remote SNMP manager is allowed to access on the Switch. The view name must exist in the SNMP View Table. Access Right Read Only – Specifies that SNMP community members using the community string created can only read the contents of the MIBs on the Switch. Read Write – Specifies that SNMP community members using the community string created can read from, and write to the contents of the MIBs on the Switch. To implement th e n ew setti ngs, click Apply. To d elete an en try from th e SN MP Co mmunity T able, click th e Delete b utton corresponding to the entry to delete.

45 SNMP Host Table Users can set up SNMP trap recipients for IPv4. To view the following window, click Configuration > SNMP Settings > SNMP Host Table: Figure 2 - 45. SNMP Host Table window To add a new entry to the Switch’s SNMP Host Table, enter the information at the top of the window and then click the Apply button. To delete an existing SNMP Host Table entry, click the Delete button corresponding to the entry to delete. The following parameters can set: Parameter Description Host IP Address Type the IP address of the remote management station that will serve as the SNMP host for the Switch. SNMP Version V1 – To specify that SNMP version 1 will be used. V2c – To specify that SNMP version 2c will be used. V3-NoAuthNoPriv – To specify that the SNMP version 3 will be used, with a NoAuth-NoPriv security level. V3-AuthNoPriv – To specify that the SNMP version 3 will be used, with an Auth-NoPriv security level. V3-AuthPriv – To specify that the SNMP version 3 will be used, with an Auth-Priv security level. Community String / SNMP V3 User Name Type in the community string or SNMP V3 user name as appropriate. To implement your new settings, click Apply.

46 SNMP v6Host Table Users can set up SNMP trap recipients for IPv6. To view the following window, click Configuration > SNMP Settings > SNMP v6Host Table: Figure 2 - 46. SNMP v6Host Table window To add a new entry to the Switch’s SNMP v6Host Table, enter the information at the top of the window and then click the Apply button. To delete an existing SNMP v6Host Table entry, click the Delete button corresponding to the entry to delete. The following parameters can set: Parameter Description Host IPv6 Address Type the IP address of the remote management station that will serve as the SNMP host for the Switch. SNMP Version V1 – To specify that SNMP version 1 will be used. V2c – To specify that SNMP version 2c will be used. V3-NoAuthNoPriv – To specify that the SNMP version 3 will be used, with a NoAuth-NoPriv security level. V3-AuthNoPriv – To specify that the SNMP version 3 will be used, with an Auth-NoPriv security level. V3-AuthPriv – To specify that the SNMP version 3 will be used, with an Auth-Priv security level. Community String / SNMP V3 User Name Type in the community string or SNMP V3 user name as appropriate. To implement your new settings, click Apply.

47 SNMP Engine ID The Engine ID is a unique identifier used for SNMP V3 implementations on the Switch. To view the following window, click Configuration > SNMP Settings > SNMP Engine ID: Figure 2 - 47. SNMP Engine ID window To change the Engine ID, type the new Engine ID value in the space provided. The following parameter can be set: Parameter Description Engine ID The SNMP engine ID displays the identification of the SNMP engine on the Switch. The default value is suggested in RFC2271. The very first bit is 1, and the first four octets are set to the binary equivalent of the agent’s SNMP management private enterprise number as assigned by IANA (D-Link is 171). The fifth octet is 03 to indicate the rest is the MAC address of this device. The sixth to eleventh octets is the MAC address. To implement your new settings, click Apply. SNMP Trap Configuration Users can enable and disable global SNMP trap support, SNMP authentication failure trap support, Linkchange Traps, Coldstart Traps, and Warmstart Traps. To enable Linkchange Traps for a specific port or range of ports, go to the SNMP Linkchange Trap Settings window (Configuration > SNMP Settings > SNMP Linkchange Trap Settings). To view the following window, click Configuration > SNMP Settings > SNMP Trap Configuration: Figure 2 - 48. SNMP Trap Configuration window To enable or disable the SNMP Traps, SNMP Authenticate Traps, Linkchange Traps, Coldstart Traps, and Warmstart Traps, use the corresponding drop-down menu to change and click Apply.

48 RMON Users can enable and disable remote monitoring (RMON) status for the SNMP function on the Switch. In addition, RMON Rising and Falling Alarm Traps can be enabled and disabled. To view the following window, click Configuration > SNMP Settings > RMON: Figure 2 - 49. RMON window To enable or disable RMON for SNMP, use the radio buttons. Click Apply when finished. CPU Filter L3 Control Packet Settings Users can discard and display Layer 3 control packets sent to the CPU from specific ports. To view the following window, click Configuration > CPU Filter L3 Control Packet Settings: Figure 2 - 50. CPU Filter L3 Control Packet Settings window To set CPU filter Layer 3 control packet settings on the Switch, use the From Port and To Port drop-down menus to select the desired port range, change the State to Enabled, and tick the desired Layer 3 categories (IGMP Query, DVMRP, PIM, OSPF, RIP, VRRP, or All). Click Apply when finished. Single IP Management Simply put, D-Link Single IP Management is a co ncept that will stack switches together over Ethernet instead of using stacking ports or modules. There are some advantages in implementing the “Single IP Management” feature: 1. SIM can simplify management of small w orkgroups or wiring closets while scaling the network to handle increased bandwidth demand. 2. SIM can reduce the number of IP address needed in your network. 3. SIM can eliminate any specialized cables for stacking connectivity and remove the distance barriers that typically limit your topology options when using other stacking technology. Switches using D-Link Single IP Management (labeled here as SIM) must conform to the following rules:  SIM is an optional feature on the Switch a nd can easily be enabled or disabled through the Command Line Interface or Web Interface. SIM grouping has no effect on the normal operation of the Switch in the user’s network.

49  There are three classifications for switches using SIM. The Commander Switch (CS), which is the master switch of the group, Member Switch (MS), which is a sw itch t hat i s r ecognized by the CS a member of a SIM group, an d a Candidate Switch (CaS), which is a Switch that has a physical link to the SIM group but has not been recognized by the CS as a member of the SIM group.  A SIM group can only have one Commander Switch (CS).  All switches in a particular SIM group must be i n the same IP s ubnet (broadcast domain). Members of a SIM group cannot cross a router.  A SIM group accepts up to 32 switches (numbered 1-32), not including the Commander Switch (numbered 0).  There is no limit to the number of SIM groups in th e same IP subnet (broadcast domain); however a single switch can only belong to one group.  If multiple VLANs are configured, the SIM group will only utilize the default VLAN on any switch.  SIM allows intermediate devices that do not support SIM. This enables the user to manage switches that are more than one hop away from the CS. The SIM group is a group of switches that are managed as a single entity. The Switch may take on three different roles: 1. Commander Switch (CS) – This is a switch that has been manually configured as the controlling device for a group, and takes on the following characteristics:  It has an IP Address.  It is not a command switch or member switch of another Single IP group.  It is connected to the member switches through its management VLAN. 2. Member Switch (MS) – This is a switch that has joined a single IP group and is accessible from the CS, and it takes on the following characteristics:  It is not a CS or MS of another IP group.  It is connected to the CS through the CS management VLAN. 3. Candidate Switch (CaS) – This is a switch that is ready to join a SIM group but is not yet a member of the SIM group. The Candidate Switch may join the SIM group of the Switch by manually configuring it to be a MS of a SIM group. A switch configured as a CaS is not a member of a SIM group and will take on the following characteristics:  It is not a CS or MS of another Single IP group.  It is connected to the CS through the CS management VLAN The following rules also apply to the above roles:  Each device begins in a Candidate state.  CS's must change t heir role to CaS and then to MS, t o become a MS of a SIM group. Th us, the CS cannot di rectly be converted to a MS.  The user can manually configure a CS to become a CaS.  A MS can become a CaS by:  Being configured as a CaS through the CS.  If report packets from the CS to the MS time out.  The user can manually configure a CaS to become a CS  The CaS can be configured through the CS to become a MS. After configuring one switch to operate as th e CS of a SIM group, additional DGS-3200 Series switches may join the group by manually configuring the Switch to be a MS. The CS will then serve as the in band entry point for access to the MS. The CS’s IP address will become the path to all MS’s o f the group and the CS’s Administrator’s password, and/or authentication will control access to all MS’s of the SIM group. With SIM en abled, the applications in the CS will red irect the packet instead of executing the packets. The applications will decode the packet from the administrator, modify some data, and then send it to the MS. After execution, the CS may receive a response packet from the MS, which it will encode and send it back to the administrator.

50 When a CaS becomes a MS, it autom atically becomes a m ember of t he first SNMP community (including read/write and rea d only) to which the CS b elongs. However, if a MS h as its own IP address, it can belong to SNMP co mmunities to which other switches in the group, including the CS, do not belong. Upgrade to v1.61 To better improve SIM management, the DGS-3200 Series switches have been upgraded to version 1.61 in this release. Many improvements have been made, including: 4. The Commander Switch (CS) now has the capability to automatically rediscover member switches that have left the SIM group, either through a reboot or web malfunction. This feature is accomplished through the use of Discover packets and Maintenance packets that previously set SIM members will emit after a reboot. Once a MS has had its MAC address and password saved to the CS’s database, if a reboot occurs in the MS, the CS will keep this MS information in its database and when a MS has been rediscovered, it will add the MS back into the SIM tree automatically. No configuration will be necessary to rediscover these switches. There are some instances where pre-saved MS switches cannot be rediscovered. For example, if the Switch is still powered down, if it has become the member of another group, or if it has been configured to be a Commander Switch, the rediscovery process cannot occur. 2. T he t opology m ap no w i ncludes ne w feat ures f or connections t hat are a member of a port trunking group. It will display the speed and number of Ethernet connections creating this port trunk group, as shown in the adjacent picture. 5. This version will support switch upload and downloads for firmware, configuration files and log files, as follows:  Firmware – The switch now supports MS firmware downloads from a TFTP server.  Configuration Files – Thi s switch no w sup ports d ownloading and upl oading of con figuration fi les both to (f or configuration restoration) and from (for configuration backup) MS’s, using a TFTP server.  Log – The Switch now supports uploading MS log files to a TFTP server. 6. The user m ay zo om in and zo om ou t when u tilizing the topology window to get a better, more defined view of the configurations. Single IP Settings The Switch is set as a Candidate (CaS) as the factory default configuration and Single IP Management is disabled. To enable SIM for the Switch using the Web interface, click Configuration > Single IP Management > Single IP Settings: Figure 2 - 51. Single IP Settings window for Candidate (Disabled) Change the SIM State to Enabled using the drop-down menu and click Apply. The window will then refresh and the Single IP Settings window will look like this:

51 Figure 2 - 52. Single IP Settings window for Candidate (Enabled) Parameter Description SIM State Use the drop-down menu to either enable or disable the SIM state on the Switch. Disabled will render all SIM functions on the Switch inoperable. Trap Use the drop-down menu to either enable or disable a trap. This is designed to control the sending of traps issued from a member switch. Role State Use the drop-down menu to change the SIM role of the Switch. The two choices are: Candidate – A Candidate Switch (CaS) is not the member of a SIM group but is connected to a Commander Switch. This is the default setting for the SIM role of the Switch. Commander – Choosing this parameter will make the Switch a Commander Switch (CS). The user may join other switches to this Switch, over Ethernet, to be part of its SIM group. Choosing this option will also enable the Switch to be configured for SIM. Group Name Enter a Group Name in this textbox. This is optional. Discovery Interval (30-90) The user may set the discovery protocol interval, in seconds that the Switch will send out discovery packets. Returning information to a Commander Switch will include information about other switches connected to it. (Ex. MS, CaS). The user may set the Discovery Interval from 30 to 90 seconds. The default value is 30 seconds. Hold Time Count (100-255) This parameter may be set for the time, in seconds; the Switch will hold information sent to it from other switches, utilizing the Discovery Interval. The user may set the hold time from 100 to 255 seconds. The default value is 100 seconds. Click Apply to im plement t he settin gs chan ged. After en abling th e Switch to be a Commander Switch (CS), the Single I P Management folder will then contain four added links to aid the user in configuring SIM through the web, including Topology, Firmware Upgrade, Configuration Backup/Restore and Upload Log. The Single IP Settings window should look like this: Figure 2 - 53. Single IP Settings window for Commander (Enabled)

52 Topology This window will be used to configure and manage the Switch within the SIM group and requires Java script to function properly on your computer. The Java Runtime Environment on your server should initiate and lead you to the Topology window, as seen below. Figure 2 - 54. Topology window The Topology window holds the following information on the Data tab: Parameter Description Device Name This field will display the Device Name of the switches in the SIM group configured by the user. If no device is configured by the name, it will be given the name default and tagged with the last six digits of the MAC Address to identify it. Local Port Displays the number of the physical port on the CS that the MS or CaS is connected to. The CS will have no entry in this field. Speed Displays the connection speed between the CS and the MS or CaS. Remote Port Displays the number of the physical port on the MS or CaS to which the CS is connected. The CS will have no entry in this field. MAC Address Displays the MAC Address of the corresponding Switch. Model Name Displays the full Model Name of the corresponding Switch. To view the Topology View window, open the View drop-down menu in the toolbar and then click Topology, which will open the following Topology Map. This window will refresh itself periodically (20 seconds by default).

53 Figure 2 - 55. Topology View window This window will display how the devices within the Single IP Management Group connect to other groups and devices. Possible icons on this window are as follows: Icon Description Group Layer 2 commander switch Layer 3 commander switch Commander switch of other group Layer 2 member switch. Layer 3 member switch Member switch of other group Layer 2 candidate switch Layer 3 candidate switch Unknown device Non-SIM devices

54 Tool Tips In the Topology view window, the mouse plays an important role in configuration and in viewing device information. Setting the mouse cursor over a specific device in the topology window (tool tip) will display the same information about a specific device as the Tree view does. See the window below for an example. Figure 2 - 56. Device Information Utilizing the Tool Tip Setting the mouse cursor over a lin e between two devices will display the con nection speed between the two devices, as shown below. Figure 2 - 57. Port Speed Utilizing the Tool Tip Right-Click Right-clicking on a device will allow the user to perform various functions, depending on the role of the Switch in the SIM group and the icon associated with it.

55 Group Icon Figure 2 - 58. Right-Clicking a Group Icon The following options may appear for the user to configure:  Collapse – To collapse the group that will be represented by a single icon.  Expand – To expand the SIM group, in detail.  Property – To pop up a window to display the group information. Figure 2 - 59. Property window Parameter Description Device Name This field will display the Device Name of the switches in the SIM group configured by the user. If no Device Name is configured by the name, it will be given the name default and tagged with the last six digits of the MAC Address to identify it. Module Name Displays the full module name of the switch that was right-clicked. MAC Address Displays the MAC Address of the corresponding Switch. Remote Port No. Displays the number of the physical port on the MS or CaS that the CS is connected to. The CS will have no entry in this field. Local Port No. Displays the number of the physical port on the CS that the MS or CaS is connected to. The CS will have no entry in this field. Port Speed Displays the connection speed between the CS and the MS or CaS

56 Commander Switch Icon Figure 2 - 60. Right-Clicking a Commander Icon The following options may appear for the user to configure:  Collapse – To collapse the group that will be represented by a single icon.  Expand – To expand the SIM group, in detail.  Property – To pop up a window to display the group information. Member Switch Icon Figure 2 - 61. Right-Clicking a Member icon The following options may appear for the user to configure:  Collapse – To collapse the group that will be represented by a single icon.  Expand – To expand the SIM group, in detail.  Remove from group – Remove a member from a group.  Configure – Launch the web management to configure the Switch.  Property – To pop up a window to display the device information. Candidate Switch Icon Figure 2 - 62. Right-Clicking a Candidate icon The following options may appear for the user to configure:  Collapse – To collapse the group that will be represented by a single icon.  Expand – To expand the SIM group, in detail.

57  Add to group – Add a candidate to a group. Clicking this option will reveal the following dialog box for the user to enter a password for au thentication fro m the Candidate Switch befo re being ad ded to th e SI M group. Click OK t o enter th e password or Cancel to exit the dialog box. Figure 2 - 63. Input password dialog box  Property – To pop up a window to display the device information. Menu Bar The Single IP Management window contains a menu bar for device configurations, as seen below. Figure 2 - 64. Menu Bar of the Topology View The five menus on the menu bar are as follows. File  Print Setup – Will view the image to be printed.  Print Topology – Will print the topology map.  Preference – Will set display properties, such as polling interval, and the views to open at SIM startup. Group  Add to group – Add a candidate to a group. Clicking this option will reveal the following dialog box for the user to enter a password for au thentication fro m the Candidate Switch befo re being ad ded to th e SI M group. Click OK t o enter th e password or Cancel to exit the dialog box. Figure 2 - 65. Input password dialog box  Remove from Group – Remove an MS from the group. Device  Configure – Will open the Web manager for the specific device. View  Refresh – Update the views with the latest status.  Topology – Display the Topology view. Help  About – Will display the SIM information, including the current SIM version.

58 Firmware Upgrade The Commander Switch may be used for firmware upgrades of member switches. Member Switches will be listed in the table and will be specified by Port (port on the CS where the MS resides), MAC Address, Model Name and Version. To specify a certain Switch for firmware download, click its corresponding check box under the Port heading. To update the firmware, enter the Server IP Address where the firmware resides and enter the Path/Filename of the firmware. Click Download to initiate the file transfer. To view the following window, click Configuration > Single IP Management > Firmware Upgrade: Figure 2 - 66. Firmware Upgrade window for Single IP Management Configuration File Backup/Restore The Commander Switch can instruct configuration file backup and restore to the Mem ber Switch using a TFTP server. Member Switches will be listed in the ta ble and will b e specified by Port (port on the CS where the MS resi des), MAC Address, Model Name and Version. To sp ecify a cer tain Switch for upgrading configuration files, click its corresponding radio button under the Port heading. To update the configuration file, enter the Server IP Address where the file resides and enter the Path/Filename of the configuration file. Click Restore to initiate the file tran sfer from a TFTP serv er to the Switch. Click Backup to backup the configuration file to a TFTP server. To view the following window, click Configuration > Single IP Management > Configuration File Backup/Restore: Figure 2 - 67. Configuration File Backup/Restore window for Single IP Management Upload Log File The Commander Switch can order a log file from a member switch sent to a server. Provide the Server IP address for storing the log and the log file path and filename on the member switch. Click Upload to send the log file to a TFTP server. To view the following window, click Configuration > Single IP Management > Upload Log File: Figure 2 - 68. Upload Log File window for Single IP Management

59 SD Card FS Settings Users can plug an SD flash card into a front slot on the DGS-3200-24 (DGS-3200-10 and DGS-3200-16 do not support this feature). The SD flash card allows users to carry out the following:  Save the Switch log to the SD card  Save the Switch configuration to the SD card  Save the Switch Runtime image to the SD card  Save the Switch Prom image to the SD card  Copy images from the SD card to the flash memory on the Switch to replace Runtime image 1 or Runtime image 2  Copy configuration files from the SD card to the flash memory on the Switch to replace configuration 1 or configuration 2  Replace the Prom image by copying a Prom image from the SD card to the flash memory  Download Runtime image and save to the SD card  Download configuration and save to the SD card  Access the files on the SD card via a PC (e.g. using Microsoft Windows)  Boot up the Switch using a runtime image stored on the SD card  Boot up the Switch using a configuration stored on the SD card  SD card is hot swappable  Switch automatically creates new directories and files automatically on the SD card. A warn ing message will display if there is an existing file or folder with the same name, asking the user to overwrite or keep the existing file or folder To view the following window, click Configuration > SD Card FS Settings: Figure 2 - 69. SD Card FS Settings window To use a firmware image and configuration on an SD card, carry out the following steps: 1. Insert the SD flash card into the SD card slot on the front of the Switch. 2. Type the path of the firmware image in the Current Path field. 3. Click Go. In addition to using a firmware image and configuration from an SD flash card, the SD Card FS Settings window allows users to manage t he directories an d files st ored on the S D ca rd. The t able bel ow describes t he b uttons used t o m anage t he fi les an d directories, stored on the SD flash card. Parameter Description Previous Click this button to navigate to the previous folder. Create Directory Click this button to create a new directory. Copy Flash Click this button to copy files from/to the SD Flash card or internal Flash memory.

60 Format If you have inserted a new SD Flash card this button will appear. Click this button to format the new SD Flash card. Copy to Click this button to copy a file to another location. Move to Click this button to move a file to another location. Rename Click this button to rename the corresponding file or folder. Delete Click this button to delete the corresponding file or folder.

61 Section 3 L2 Features Jumbo Frame Egress Filter Settings 802.1Q VLAN Private VLAN Settings 802.1v Protocol VLAN MAC-based VLAN Settings GVRP Settings PVID Auto Assign Settings Port Trunking VLAN Trunk Settings LACP Port Settings Traffic Segmentation IGMP Snooping MLD Snooping Settings Port Mirroring Loopback Detection Settings Spanning Tree Forwarding & Filtering The following section will aid the user in configuring security functions for the Switch. The Switch includes various functions for VLAN, Trunking, IGMP Snooping, MLD Snooping, Spanning Tree, and Forwarding & Filtering, all discussed in detail. Jumbo Frame The S witch s upports j umbo fram es. Jum bo fram es are Et hernet fram es wi th m ore t han 1 ,500 by tes of payload. The S witch supports jumbo frames with a maximum frame size of 10240 bytes. To view the following window, click L2 Features > Jumbo Frame: Figure 3 - 1. Jumbo Frame window Parameter Description Jumbo Frame This field will enable or disable the Jumbo Frame function on the Switch. The default is Disabled. The maximum frame size is 10240 bytes. To enable or disable Jumbo Frame, use the radio button and click Apply.

62 Egress Filter Settings Users can configure an egress filter on specific ports for unknown unicast and unregistered multicast packets. The Switch drops all unk nown unicast/multicast packets on egress ports when it dete cts unknown unicast/multicast packets for egress ports. Therefore, a user can select which port is permitted or not permitted to receive unknown unicast/multicast packets. To view the following window, click L2 Features > Egress Filter Settings: Figure 3 - 2. Egress Filter Settings window The following fields can then be set: Parameter Description Unicast Select ports to filter unknown unicast packets. These packets will not be forwarded to those ports. Unselected ports will not filter unknown unicast packets and the packets may be forwarded to those ports. Multicast Select ports to filter unregistered multicast packets. These packets will not be forwarded to those ports. Unselected ports will not filter unregistered multicast packets and the packets may be forwarded to those ports. Click Apply to implement changes made. 802.1Q VLAN Understanding IEEE 802.1p Priority Priority tagging is a function defined by the IEEE 802.1p standard designed to provide a means of managing traffic on a network where many different types of data may be transmitted simultaneously. It is in tended to alleviate problems associated with th e delivery of time critical d ata over congested networks. The quality of applicatio ns that are dependent on such time critical d ata, such as video conferencing, can be severely and adversely affected by even very small delays in transmission. Network devices that are in compliance with the IEEE 80 2.1p standard have the ability to recognize the priority level of d ata packets. These de vices can a lso as sign a priority lab el or tag to packets. C ompliant devices ca n al so st rip priority t ags f rom packets. This priority tag determines the packet’s degree of expeditiousness and determines the queue to which it will be assigned. Priority tags are gi ven values from 0 t o 7 wi th 0 being assigned to the lowest priority data and 7 as signed to the highest. The highest priority tag 7 is generally only used for data associated with video or audio applications, which are sensitive to even slight delays, or for data from specified end users whose data transmissions warrant special consideration. The Switch allows you to fu rther tailor how p riority tagged data packets are handled on your network. Using queues to manage priority tagged data allows you to specify its relative priority to suit the needs of your network. There may be circumstances where it would be advantageous to group two or more differently tagged packets into the same queue. Generally, however, it is rec- ommended that the highest priority queue, Queue 7, be reserved for data packets with a priority value of 7. Packets that have not been given any priority value are placed in Queue 0 and thus given the lowest priority for delivery. Strict mode and weighted round robin system are employed on the Switch to determine the rate at which the queues are emptied of packets. The ratio used for clearing the queues is 4:1. This means that the highest priority queue, Queue 7, will clear 4 packets for every 1 packet cleared from Queue 0. Remember, the p riority queue settings on the Switch are for all po rts, and all devices connected to the Switch will be affected. This priority qu euing system will b e esp ecially b eneficial if you r network em ploys switch es with t he cap ability o f assign ing priority tags.

63 VLAN Description A Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) is a network topology configured according to a l ogical scheme rather than the physical layout. VLANs can be used to combine any collection of LAN segments into an autonomous user group that appears as a si ngle LAN. VLANs also logically segment the network into different broadcast domains so that packets are forwarded only between ports within the VLAN. Typically, a VLAN corresponds to a particular subnet, although not necessarily. VLANs can enhance performance by conserving bandwidth, and improve security by limiting traffic to specific domains. A VLAN is a collection of end nodes grouped by logic instead of physical location. End nodes that frequently communicate with each other are assigned to the same VLAN, regardless of where they are physically on the network. Logically, a VLAN can be equated to a broadca st domain, because broadcast packets are forwarded to only members of the VLAN on which t he broadcast was initiated. Notes about VLANs on the Switch  No matter what basis is used to uniquely identify end nodes and assign these nodes VLAN membership, packets cannot cross VLANs without a network device performing a routing function between the VLANs.  The Switch supports IEEE 802.1Q VLANs. The port untagging function can be used to remove the 802.1Q tag from packet headers to maintain compatibility with devices that are tag-unaware.  The Switch’s default is to assign all ports to a single 802.1Q VLAN named “default.”  The “default” VLAN has a VID = 1.  The member ports of Port-based VLANs may overlap, if desired. IEEE 802.1Q VLANs Some relevant terms:  Tagging – The act of putting 802.1Q VLAN information into the header of a packet.  Untagging – The act of stripping 802.1Q VLAN information out of the packet header.  Ingress port – A port on a switch where packets are flowing into the Switch and VLAN decisions must be made.  Egress port – A por t on a sw itch where packets are flowing out of the Switch, either to an other switch or to an end station, and tagging decisions must be made. IEEE 802.1Q (tagged) VLANs are implemented on the Switch. 802.1Q VLANs require tagging, which enables them to span the entire network (assuming all switches on the network are IEEE 802.1Q-compliant). VLANs allow a network to be segmented in order to reduce the size of broadcast domains. All packets entering a VLAN will only be forwarded to the stations (over IEEE 802.1Q enabled switches) that are members of that VLAN, and this includes broadcast, multicast and unicast packets from unknown sources. VLANs can also provide a level of security to your network. IEEE 802.1Q VLANs will only deliver packets between stations that are members of the VLAN. Any port can be configured as either tagging or untagging. The untagging feature of IEEE 802.1Q VLANs allows VLANs to work with legacy switches that don’t recognize VLAN tag s in packet headers. The tagging feature allows VLANs to sp an multiple 802.1Q-compliant switches through a single physical connection and allows Spanning Tree to be enabled on all ports and work normally. The IEEE 802.1Q standard restricts the forwarding of untagged packets to the VLAN the receiving port is a member of. The main characteristics of IEEE 802.1Q are as follows:  Assigns packets to VLANs by filtering.  Assumes the presence of a single global spanning tree.  Uses an explicit tagging scheme with one-level tagging.  802.1Q VLAN Packet Forwarding  Packet forwarding decisions are made based upon the following three types of rules:  Ingress rules – rules relevant to the classification of received frames belonging to a VLAN.

64  Forwarding rules between ports – decides whether to filter or forward the packet.  Egress rules – determines if the packet must be sent tagged or untagged. Figure 3 - 3. IEEE 802.1Q Packet Forwarding 802.1Q VLAN Tags The figure below shows the 802.1Q VLAN tag. There are four additional octets inserted after the source MAC a ddress. Their presence is indicated by a value of 0x8100 in the EtherType field. When a packet’s EtherType field is equal to 0x8100, the packet carries the IEEE 802.1Q/802.1p tag. The tag is contained in the following two octets and consists of 3 bits of user priority, 1 bit of Canonical Format Identifier (CFI – used for encapsulating Token Ring packets so they can be carried across Ethernet backbones), and 12 bits of VLAN ID (VID). The 3 bits of user priority are used by 802.1p. The VID is the VLAN identifier and is used by the 802.1Q standard. Because the VID is 12 bits long, 4094 unique VLANs can be identified. The tag is inserted into the packet header making the entire packet longer by 4 octets. All of the information originally contained in the packet is retained.

65 Figure 3 - 4. IEEE 802.1Q Tag The EtherType and VLAN ID a re inserted after t he MAC source address, but before the original EtherType/Length or Logical Link C ontrol. Because the packet is now a bit longer than it was originally, the Cyclic Redunda ncy Check (CRC) m ust be recalculated. Figure 3 - 5. Adding an IEEE 802.1Q Tag Port VLAN ID Packets that are tagged (are carrying the 802.1Q VID information) can be transmitted from one 802.1Q compliant network device to ano ther wit h th e VLAN i nformation in tact. Th is allows 802 .1Q VLANs to sp an n etwork dev ices (and ind eed, th e en tire network, if all network devices are 802.1Q compliant). Unfortunately, not all network devices are 802.1Q compliant. These devices are refe rred to as tag-una ware. 802.1Q devices are referred to as tag-aware. Prior to the adoption of 802.1Q VLANs, port-based and MAC-based VLANs were in common use. These VLANs relied upon a Port VLAN ID (PVID) to forward packets. A packet received on a given port would be assigned that port’s PVID and then be forwarded to the port that corresponded to the packet’s destination address (found in the Switch’s forwarding table). If the PVID of the port that received the packet is di fferent from the PVID of the port that is to tra nsmit the packet, the Switch will drop the packet. Within the Switch, different PVIDs mean different VLANs (remember that two VLANs cannot communicate without an external router). So, VLAN identification based upon the PVIDs cannot create VLANs that extend outside a given switch (or switch stack). Every physical port on a switch has a PVID. 802.1Q ports are also assigned a PVID, for use within the Switch. If no VLANs are defined on the Switch, all ports are then assigned to a default VLAN with a PVID equal to 1. Untagged packets are assigned the PVID of the port on which they were received. Forwarding decisions are based upon this PVID, in so far as VLANs are concerned.

66 Tagged packets are forwarded according to the VID contained within the tag. Tagged packets are also assigned a PVID, but the PVID is not used to make packet-forwarding decisions, the VID is. Tag-aware switches must keep a tab le to re late PVIDs wit hin the Switch to VIDs on the n etwork. The Sw itch will compare the VID of a packet to be transmitted to the VID of the port that is to transmit the packet. If the two VIDs are different, the Switch will drop the packet. Because of the existence of the PVID for untagged packets and the VID for tagged packets, tag-aware and tag-unaware network devices can coexist on the same network. A switch port can have only one PVID, but can have as many VIDs as the Switch has memory in its VLAN table to store them. Because some devices on a network may be tag-unaware, a decision must be made at each port on a tag-awa re device before packets are tran smitted – sh ould the packet to b e transmitted have a tag or not? If the transmitting port is co nnected to a tag - unaware device, the packet should be untagged. If the transmitting port is con nected to a tag-aware device, the packet should be tagged. Tagging and Untagging Every port on an 802.1Q compliant switch can be configured as tagging or untagging. Ports with tagging enabled will put the VID number, priority and other VLAN information into the header of all packets that flow into and out of it. If a packet has previously been tagged, the port will not alter th e packet, thus keeping the VLAN information intact. Other 802.1Q compliant devices on the network to make packet-forwarding decisions can then use the VLAN information in the tag. Ports with untagging enabled will strip the 802.1Q tag from all packets that flow into and out of those ports. If the packet doesn’t have an 802.1Q VLAN tag, the port will no t alter the packet. Thus, all packets received by and forwarded by an untagging port will have no 802.1Q VLAN information. (Remember that the PVID is only used internally within the Switch). Untagging is used to send packets from an 802.1Q-compliant network device to a non-compliant network device. Ingress Filtering A port on a switch where packets are flowing into the Switch and VLAN decisions must be made is referred to as an ingress port. If ingress filtering is en abled for a po rt, the Switch will examine the VLAN i nformation in th e packet header (if present) and decide whether or not to forward the packet. If the packet is tagged with VLAN information, the ingress port will first determine if the ingress port itself is a m ember of the tagged VLAN. If it is no t, the packet will be dropped. If th e ingress port is a m ember of the 802.1Q VLAN, t he Switch th en determines if the destination port is a member of the 802.1Q VLAN. If it is not, the packet is dropped. If the destination port is a member of the 802.1Q VLAN, the packet is forwarded and the destination port transmits it to its attached network segment. If the packet is not tagged with VLAN information, the ingress port will tag the packet with its own PVID as a VID (if the port is a tagging port). The switch then determines if t he destination port is a member of the same VLAN (has the same VID) as the ingress port. If it does not, the packet is dropped. If it has the same VID, the packet is forwarded and the destination port transmits it on its attached network segment. This process is referred to as ingress filtering and is used to conserve bandwidth within the Switch by dropping packets that are not on the same VLAN as the ingress port at the point of reception. This eliminates the subsequent processing of packets that will just be dropped by the destination port. Default VLANs The Switch initially configures one VLAN, VID = 1, called “default.” The factory default setting assigns all ports on the Switch to the “default.” As new VLANs are configured in Port-based mode, their respective member ports are removed from the “default.” Packets cannot cross VLANs. If a member of one VLAN wants to connect to another VLAN, the link must be through an external router. NOTE: If no VLANs are configured on the Switch, then all packets will be forwarded to any destination port. Packets with unknown source addresses will be flooded to all ports. Broadcast and multicast packets will also be flooded to all ports.

67 An example is presented below: VLAN Name VID Switch Ports System (default) 1 5, 6, 7 Engineering 2 9, 10 Sales 5 1, 2, 3, 4 Table 3 - 1. VLAN Example – Assigned Ports Port-based VLANs Port-based VLANs limit traffic th at flows into and out of switch ports. Thus, all devices connected to a port are members of the VLAN(s) the port belongs to, whether there is a single computer directly connected to a switch, or an entire department. On port-based VLANs, NICs do not nee d to be able to i dentify 802.1Q tags i n packet headers. NICs send and receive normal Ethernet packets. If the packet’s destination lies on the same segment, communications take place using normal Ethernet protocols. Even though this is always the case, when the destination for a packet lies on another switch port, VLAN considerations come into play to decide if the packet gets dropped by the Switch or delivered. VLAN Segmentation Take for exam ple a pac ket that is transm itted by a m achine on Port 1 t hat is a member of VLAN 2. If t he destination lies o n another port (found through a normal forwarding table lookup), the Switch then looks to see if the other port (Port 10) is a member of VLAN 2 (and can therefore receive VLAN 2 packets). If Port 10 is not a member of VLAN 2, then the packet will be dropped by the Switch and will not reach its d estination. If Port 10 is a member of VLAN 2, the packet will g o through. This selective forwarding feature based on VLAN criteria is how VLANs segment networks. The key point being that Port 1 will only transmit on VLAN 2. VLAN and Trunk Groups The members of a trunk grou p have the same VLAN setting. Any VLAN setting on the m embers of a trunk group will apply to the other member ports. NOTE: In order to use VLAN segmentation in conjunction with port trunk groups, first set the port trunk group(s), and then configure the VLAN settings. To change the port trunk grouping with VLANs already in place it is unnecessary to reconfigure the VLAN settings after changing the port trunk group settings. VLAN settings will automatically change in conjunction with the change of the port trunk group settings.

68 To view the following window, click L2 Features > 802.1Q VLAN: Figure 3 - 6. VLAN List tab of the 802.1Q VLAN window The VLAN List tab lists all previously configured VLANs by VLAN ID and VLAN Name. To delete an existing 802.1Q VLAN, click the corresponding Delete button. To create a new 802.1Q VLAN or modify an existing 802.1Q VLAN, click the Add/Edit VLAN tab. A new tab will appear, as shown below, to configure the port settings and to assign a unique name and number to the new VLAN. See the table on the next page for a description of the parameters in the new window. Figure 3 - 7. Add/Edit VLAN tab of the 802.1Q VLAN window The following fields can then be set in the Add/Edit VLAN tab: Parameter Description VID (VLAN ID) Allows the entry of a VLAN ID or displays the VLAN ID of an existing VLAN in the Add/Edit VLAN tab. VLANs can be identified by either the VID or the VLAN name.

69 VLAN Name Allows the entry of a name for the new VLAN or for editing the VLAN name in the Add/Edit VLAN tab. Advertisement Enabling this function will allow the Switch to send out GVRP packets to outside sources, notifying that they may join the existing VLAN. Port Shows all ports of the Switch for the 802.1Q configuration option. Tagged Specifies the port as 802.1Q tagging. Clicking the radio button will designate the port as tagged. Untagged Specifies the port as 802.1Q untagged. Clicking the radio button will designate the port as untagged. Forbidden Click the radio button to specify the port as not being a member of the VLAN and that the port is forbidden from becoming a member of the VLAN dynamically. Not Member Click the radio button to allow an individual port to be specified as a non-VLAN member. Click Apply to implement changes made. To search for a VLAN, click the Find VLAN tab. A new tab will appear, as shown below. Enter the VLAN ID number in the field offered and then click the Find button. You will be redirected to the VLAN List tab. See the table on the next page for a description of the parameters in the new window. Figure 3 - 8. Find VLAN tab of the 802.1Q VLAN window To create a VLAN Batch entry click the VLAN Batch Settings tab, as shown below.

70 Figure 3 - 9. VLAN Batch Settings tab of the 802.1Q VLAN window The following fields can be set in the VLAN Batch Settings windows: Parameter Description VID List (e.g. 2-5) Enter a VLAN ID List that can be added, deleted or configured. Advertisement Enabling this function will allow the Switch to send out GVRP packets to outside sources, notifying that they may join the existing VLAN. Port List (e.g. 1-5) Allows an individual port list to be added or deleted as a member of the VLAN. Tagged Specifies the port as 802.1Q tagged. Use the drop-down menu to designate the port as tagged. Untagged Specifies the port as 802.1Q untagged. Use the drop-down menu to designate the port as untagged. Forbidden Specifies the port as not being a member of the VLAN and that the port is forbidden from becoming a member of the VLAN dynamically. Use the drop-down menu to designate the port as forbidden. Click Apply to implement changes made. NOTE: The Switch supports up to 4k static VLAN entries.

71 Private VLAN Settings The Switch al lows users to create private VLA Ns. A p rivate VLA N divides the Layer 2 b roadcast domain of a VLA N into subdomains and are particularly useful for service providers who need to assign a unique VLAN to each of their customers. Each subdomain is mad e up of sev eral pairs of private VLANs, with each private VL AN pair consisting of a primary and secondary VLAN. All of the VLAN pairs in a private VLAN domain are members of the same primary VLAN. Each subdomain is identified using the secondary VLAN ID. The diagram below illustrates the structure of a Private VLAN domain: Figure 3 - 10. Private VLAN domain The ports in a private VLAN can be one of the following three types: Port Type Description Promiscuous A promiscuous port is a port that is a member of a primary VLAN that can communicate with all interfaces, including ports that have been configured as community and isolated ports on secondary VLANs that are associated with the primary VLAN. Isolated An isolated port is used to describe a host port that is a member of an isolated secondary VLAN. An isolated port is completely isolated at Layer 2 from other ports within the same private VLAN domain, apart from promiscuous ports. All traffic destined to isolated ports is blocked, except for traffic originating from promiscuous ports. Any traffic originating from an isolated port is only forwarded to promiscuous ports. Community A community port is used to describe a host port that is a member of a community secondary VLAN. A community port can communicate with both ports that are members of the same community VLAN and promiscuous ports. Interfaces that are configured as community ports are isolated at Layer 2 from all other interfaces that are members of a different community and from isolated ports that are members of the same private VLAN domain.

72 To view the following window, click L2 Features > Private VLAN Settings: Figure 3 - 11. Private VLAN Settings window Creating a new Private VLAN: Configure the following parameters in the Add Private VLAN section to create a new Private VLAN: Parameter Description VLAN Name Click the VLAN Name radio button and type the name of the private VLAN. VLAN ID (2-4094) If clicking the VLAN Name radio button option, type the VLAN ID of the Private VLAN.  Click Add to create the new Private VLAN entry.  The new Private VLAN will appear in the list at the bottom of the window. Figure 3 - 12. Private VLAN Settings (Edit) window Searching for an existing Private VLAN: Configure the following parameters in the Find Private VLAN section to search for an existing Private VLAN: Parameter Description VLAN Name If you want to search for a Private VLAN using the VLAN name, click the VLAN Name radio button and type the name of the Private VLAN in the adjacent field. VLAN ID (2-4094) If clicking the VLAN List radio button option type the VLAN ID of the Private VLAN in the VLAN ID field.  Click Find to search for a Private VLAN.

73  If a Private VLAN matches the search criteria, the Private VLAN will appear in the list at the bottom of the window.  The following information is displayed in the Private VLAN list at the bottom of the window: Parameter Description VID Displays the ID of the Private VLAN. VLAN Name Displays the name of the Private VLAN. Promiscuous Ports Displays the port numbers that have been configured as Promiscuous ports for the Private VLAN. Trunk Ports Displays the port numbers that have been configured as Trunk ports, for the Private VLAN. Viewing all existing Private VLANs:  Click the View All button to display all Private VLAN that have been configured on the Switch.  The Private VLANs will appear in the list at the bottom of the window. Deleting an existing Private VLAN:  Click the Delete button next to the Private VLAN you want to delete from the list at the bottom of the window.

74 Editing an existing Private VLAN:  In the Private VLAN list, click the Edit button next to the Private VLAN you want to modify.  The following window opens: Figure 3 - 13. Private VLAN Settings (Edit) window  The window is divided into two main sections, Private VLAN Settings and Private VLAN Isolated and Community Detail Table.  The following parameters are displayed in the Private VLAN Settings section: Parameter Description Private VID Displays the VLAN ID of the Private VLAN. Private VLAN Name Displays the name of the Private VLAN. Secondary VLAN Type Use the drop-down menu to specify the Secondary VLAN Type. The available options are described below: Isolated- An Isolated VLAN is a secondary VLAN whose distinctive characteristic is that all hosts connected to its ports are isolated at Layer 2. The primary advantage of an isolated VLAN is that it allows a Private VLAN to only use two VLAN identifiers to provide port isolation and serve any number of end users. A Private VLAN can only support one isolated VLAN. Community- A Community VLAN is a secondary VLAN that is associated with a group of ports that connects to a certain "community" of end devices with mutual trust relationships. There can be multiple distinct community VLANs in a Private VLAN domain. Secondary VLAN Name Click the Secondary VLAN Name radio button if you want to specify the name of a single Secondary VLAN. Type the name of the Secondary VLAN in the adjacent field. Secondary VLAN List Click the Secondary VLAN List radio button to specify a range of Secondary VLANs. Type the VIDs or the range of VIDs that you want to add as Secondary VLANs in the adjacent field.  Click the Add button to update the Private VLAN.  The following parameters are displayed in the Private VLAN Isolated and Community Detail Table section: Parameter Description Isolated VLAN Displays the VLAN ID or VLAN name of any VLANs that have been configured as Isolated VLANs. Isolated Ports Displays the port numbers of any VLANs that have been configured as Isolated VLANs.

75 Community VLAN Displays the VLAN ID or VLAN name of any VLANs that have been configured as Community VLANs. Community Ports Displays the port numbers of any VLANs that have been configured as Community VLANs. Deleting a Private Isolated VLAN entry:  Click the Delete button next to the Private Isolated VLAN entry you want to delete. Deleting a Private Community VLAN entry:  Click the Delete button next to the Private Community VLAN entry you want to delete.

76 802.1v Protocol VLAN The 802.1v Pro tocol VLAN folder co ntains t wo wi ndows: 802.1v Protocol Gr oup Se ttings and 802.1v Pr otocol VL AN Settings. 802.1v Protocol Group Settings Users can c reate Protocol VLAN groups and add protocols to that group. The 802.1v Protocol VLAN Group Settings support multiple VLANs for each protocol and allows the user to configure the untagged ports of different protocols on the same physical port. For example, it allows the user to configure an 802.1Q and 802.1v untagged port on the same physical port. The lower half of the table displays any previously created groups. To view the following window, click L2 Features > 802.1v Protocol VLAN > 802.1v Protocol Group Settings: Figure 3 - 14. 802.1v Protocol Group Settings window The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Group ID Select an ID number for the group, between 1 and 8. Group Name This is used to identify the new Protocol VLAN group. Type an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters. Protocol This function maps packets to protocol-defined VLANs by examining the type octet within the packet header to discover the type of protocol associated with it. Use the drop-down menu to toggle between Ethernet II, IEEE802.3 LLC, and IEEE802.3 SNAP. Protocol Value Enter a value for the Group. The protocol value is used to identify a protocol of the frame type specified. The form of the input is 0x0 to 0xffff. Depending on the frame type, the octet string will have one of the following values: For Ethernet II, this is a 16-bit (2-octet) hex value. For example, IPv4 is 800, IPv6 is 86dd, ARP is 806, etc. For IEEE802.3 SNAP, this is this is a 16- bit (2-octet) hex value. For IEEE802.3 LLC, this is the 2-octet IEEE 802.2 Link Service Access Point (LSAP) pair. The first octet is for Destination Service Access Point (DSAP) and the second octet is for Source. Click Add to make a new entry and Delete All to remove an entry.

77 802.1v Protocol VLAN Settings Users can configure Protocol VLAN settings. The lower half of the table displays any previously created settings. To view the following window, click L2 Features > 802.1v Protocol VLAN > 802.1v Protocol VLAN Settings: Figure 3 - 15. 802.1v Protocol VLAN Settings window The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Group ID Highlight the corresponding RADIUS button to select a previously configured Group ID from the drop-down menu. Group Name Highlight the corresponding RADIUS button to select a previously configured Group Name from the drop-down menu. VID (1-4094) Highlight the RADIUS button to enter the VID. This is the VLAN ID that, along with the VLAN Name, identifies the VLAN the user wishes to create. VLAN Name Highlight the RADIUS button to enter a VLAN Name. This is the VLAN Name that, along with the VLAN ID, identifies the VLAN the user wishes to create. 802.1p Priority This parameter is specified if you want to re-write the 802.1p default priority previously set in the Switch, which is used to determine the CoS queue to which packets are forwarded to. Once this field is specified, packets accepted by the Switch that match this priority are forwarded to the CoS queue specified previously by the user. Click the corresponding box if you want to set the 802.1p default priority of a packet to the value entered in the Priority (0-7) field, which meets the criteria specified previously in this command, before forwarding it on to the specified CoS queue. Otherwise, a packet will have its incoming 802.1p user priority re-written to its original value before being forwarded by the Switch. For more information on priority queues, CoS queues and mapping for 802.1p, see the QoS section of this manual. Port List Select the specified ports you wish to configure by entering the port number in this field, or tick the Select All Ports check box. Search Port List This function allows the user to search all previously configured port list settings and display them on the lower half of the table. To search for a port list enter the port number you wish to view and click Find. To display all previously configured port lists on the bottom half of the screen click the Show All button, to clear all previously configured lists click the Delete All button.

78 MAC-based VLAN Settings Users can create new MAC-based VLAN entries and search, edit, and delete existing entries. When an entry is created for a port, the port will automatically become the untagged member port of the specified VLAN. When a static MAC-based VLAN entry is created for a user, th e traffic from this user will be able to be serviced under the specified VLAN regardless of the authentication function operating on this port. To view the following window, click L2 Features > MAC-based VLAN Settings: Figure 3 - 16. MAC-based VLAN Settings window The following fields can be set: Parameter Description MAC Address Specify the MAC address to be reauthenticated by entering it into the MAC Address field. VLAN Name Enter the VLAN name of a previously configured VLAN. VID Click this button and enter the VLAN ID. Click Find, Add or Delete All for changes to take affect. GVRP Settings Users can determine whether the Switch will share its VLAN configuration information with other GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) enabled switches. In addition, Ingress Checking can be used to limit traffic by filtering incoming packets whose PVID does not match the PVID of the port. Results can be seen in the table under the configuration settings. To view the following window, click L2 Features > GVRP Settings: Figure 3 - 17. GVRP Settings window Click Apply to implement changes made. See table below for description of parameters.

79 The following fields can be set: Parameter Description From Port This drop-down menu allows the selection of the beginning port for a range of ports that will be included in the Port-based VLAN. To Port This drop-down menu allows the selection of the ending port for a range of ports that will be included in the Port-based VLAN. PVID This field is used to manually assign a PVID to a VLAN. The Switch's default is to assign all ports to the default VLAN with a VID of 1.The PVID is used by the port to tag outgoing, untagged packets, and to make filtering decisions about incoming packets. If the port is specified to accept only tagged frames - as tagging, and an untagged packet is forwarded to the port for transmission, the port will add an 802.1Q tag using the PVID to write the VID in the tag. When the packet arrives at its destination, the receiving device will use the PVID to make VLAN forwarding decisions. If the port receives a packet, and Ingress filtering is Enabled, the port will compare the VID of the incoming packet to its PVID. If the two are unequal, the port will drop the packet. If the two are equal, the port will receive the packet. GVRP The GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) enables the port to dynamically become a member of a VLAN. GVRP is Disabled by default. Ingress Checking This drop-down menu allows the user to enable the port to compare the VID tag of an incoming packet with the PVID number assigned to the port. If the two are different, the port filters (drops) the packet. Disabled disables ingress filtering. Ingress checking is Enabled by default. Acceptable Frame Type This field denotes the type of frame that will be accepted by the port. The user may choose between Tagged Only, which means only VLAN tagged frames will be accepted, and All, which mean both tagged and untagged frames will be accepted. All is enabled by default. PVID Auto Assign Settings Users can enable or disable PVID Auto Assign Status. The default setting is enabled. To view the following window, click L2 Features > PVID Auto Assign Settings: Figure 3 - 18. PVID Auto Assign Settings window Click Apply to implement changes made. Please see the previous section for more information about PVIDs.

80 Port Trunking Understanding Port Trunk Groups Port t runk groups a re u sed t o com bine a num ber o f ports t ogether t o make a si ngle hi gh-band-width data pi peline. Another advantage of implementing port trunk groups is redundancy, as if one of the ports or links fails in the port trunk group, the network connection to the remote Switch will be maintained. The table below shows the maximum amount of groups supported for each trunk group and the potential bit rate for the DGS-3200-10, DGS-3200-16, and DGS-3200-24 Switches. Model Maximum Number of Groups Maximum Number of Ports Potential Bit Rate DGS-3200-10 5 8 8000 Mbps DGS-3200-16 8 8 8000 Mbps DGS-3200-24 12 8 8000 Mbps Figure 3 - 19. Port Trunk Group Table for DGS-3200-10/DGS-3200-16/DGS-3200-24 Figure 3 - 20. Example of Typical Port Trunk Group

81 The Switch treats all ports in a trunk group as a single port. Data transmitted to a specific host (destination address) will always be transmitted over the same port in a trunk group. This allows packets in a data stream to arrive in the same order they were sent. NOTE: If any ports within the trunk group become disconnected, packets intended for the disconnected port will be load shared among the other linked ports of the link aggregation group. Link aggregation allows several ports to be grouped together and to act as a single link. This gives a bandwidth that is a multiple of a single link's bandwidth. Link a ggregation i s m ost co mmonly used to l ink a bandwidth i ntensive net work device or devices, suc h as a se rver, t o t he backbone of a network. The DGS-3200 Switch series supports the following link aggregation groups:  The DGS-3200-10 model allows the creation of up to five link aggregation groups, each group consisting of 2 to 8 links (ports).  The DGS-3200-16 model allows the creation of up to eight link aggregation groups, each group consisting of 2 to 8 links (ports).  The DGS-3200-24 model allows t he creation of up to twelve link a ggregation groups, each group c onsisting of 2 to 8 links (ports). The (optional) Gigabit ports can only belong to a single link aggregation group. All of the ports in the group must be members of the sam e VLAN, an d th eir STP stat us, static multicast, traffi c con trol; traffic seg mentation and 80 2.1p defa ult priority configurations must be i dentical. Port locking, port mirroring and 802.1X must not be enabled on the trunk group. Further, the LACP aggregated links must all be of the same speed and should be configured as full duplex. The Master Port of the group is to be configured by the user, and all configuration options, including the VLAN configuration that can be applied to the Master Port, are applied to the entire link aggregation group. Load b alancing is au tomatically ap plied to th e po rts i n t he ag gregated gr oup, an d a l ink fai lure within t he g roup c auses t he network traffic to be directed to the remaining links in the group. The Spanning Tree Protocol will treat a link aggregation group as a single link, on the switch level. For STP, the path cost of the link aggregation group is determined by the active port number of the link aggregation group. If two redundant link aggregation groups are configured on the Switch, STP w ill block one entire group; in the same way STP will b lock a single port that has a redundant link. To view the following window, click L2 Features > Port Trunking: Figure 3 - 21. Port Trunking window To configure port trunk groups, click the Add button. To modify an existing port trunk group, click the Edit button corresponding to the group. To delete a port trunk group, click the corresponding Delete button.

82 The user-changeable parameters are as follows: Parameter Description Algorithm Toggle between MAC Source Dest and IP Source Dest. Group ID Select an ID number for the group, between 1 and 5 for the DGS-3200-10, between 1 and 8 for the DGS-3200-16, and between 1 and 12 for the DGS-3200-24. Type This drop-down menu allows users to select between Static and LACP (Link Aggregation Control Protocol). LACP allows for the automatic detection of links in a Port Trunking Group. Master Port Choose the Master Port for the trunk group using the drop-down menu. State Use the drop-down menu to toggle between Enabled and Disabled. This is used to turn a port trunking group on or off. This is useful for diagnostics, to quickly isolate a bandwidth intensive network device or to have an absolute backup aggregation group that is not under automatic control. Member Ports Choose the members ports for the trunked group. Up to eight ports per group can be assigned to a group. Active Ports Shows the ports that are currently forwarding packets. After setting the previous parameters, click Apply to allow your changes to be implemented.

83 VLAN Trunk Settings Enable VLAN on a port to allow frames belonging to unknown VLAN groups to pass through that port. This is useful if you want to set up VLAN groups on end devices without having to configure the same VLAN groups on intermediary devices. Refer to th e following figure for an illu strated example. Suppose you want to create VLAN gro ups 1 and 2 (V1 and V2) on devices A and B. Without a VLAN Trunk, you must first configure VLAN groups 1 and 2 on all intermediary switches C, D and E; otherwise they will drop frames with un known VLAN group tags. However, with VLAN Trunk enabled on a port(s) in each intermediary switch, you only need to create VLAN groups in the end devices (A and B). C, D and E automatically allow frames with VLAN group tags 1 and 2 (VLAN groups that are unknown to those switches) to pass through their VLAN trunking port(s). Users can combine a number of VLAN ports together to create VLAN trunks. To create VLAN Trunk Port settings on the Switch, select the ports to be configured, change the VLAN Trunk Global State to Enabled, and click Apply, the new settings will appear in the VLAN Trunk Settings table in the lower part of the window. To view the following window, click L2 Features > VLAN Trunk Settings: Figure 3 - 22. VLAN Trunk Settings window The user-changeable parameters are as follows: Parameter Description VLAN Trunk Global State Use the radio buttons to Enable or Disable the VLAN trunking global state. Ports The ports to be configured.

84 LACP Port Settings In conjunction with the Trunking window, users can create port trunking groups on the Switch. Using the following window, the user may set which ports will be active and passive in processing and sending LACP control frames. To view the following window, click L2 Features > LACP Port Settings: Figure 3 - 23. LACP Port Settings window The user may set the following parameters: Parameter Description From Port The beginning port of a consecutive group of ports may be configured starting with the selected port. To Port The ending port of a consecutive group of ports may be configured ending with the selected port. Mode Active - Active LACP ports are capable of processing and sending LACP control frames. This allows LACP compliant devices to negotiate the aggregated link so the group may be changed dynamically as needs require. In order to utilize the ability to change an aggregated port group, that is, to add or subtract ports from the group, at least one of the participating devices must designate LACP ports as active. Both devices must support LACP. Passive - LACP ports that are designated as passive cannot initially send LACP control frames. In order to allow the linked port group to negotiate adjustments and make changes dynamically, one end of the connection must have "active" LACP ports (see above). After setting the previous parameters, click Apply to allow your changes to be implemented.

85 Traffic Segmentation Traffic segmentation is used to limit traffic flow from a single or group of ports, to a group of ports. This method of segmenting the flow of traffic is similar to using VLANs to limit traffic, but is more restrictive. It provides a method of directing traffic that does not increase the overhead of the Master switch CPU. To view the following window, click L2 Features > Traffic Segmentation: Figure 3 - 24. Traffic Segmentation window To configure traffic segmentation on the Switch, first specify the Source Port(s) using the From and To drop-down menus at the top of the window. Next, specify which ports on the Switch are able to receive packets from the port(s) specified in the first step. Clicking the Apply button will enter the combination of transmitting port(s) and allowed receiving ports into the Switch’s Traffic Segmentation table. IGMP Snooping Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) snooping allows the Switch to recognize IGMP queries and r eports sent between network stations or devices and an IGMP host. When enabled for IGMP snooping, the Switch can open or close a port to a specific device based on IGMP messages passing through the Switch. IGMP Snooping Settings In order to use IGMP Snooping it must first be enabled for the entire Switch under IGMP Global Settings at the top of the window. You may then fine-tune the settings for each VLAN by clicking the corresponding Edit button. When enabled for IGMP snooping, the Switch can open or close a port to a specific multicast group member based on IGMP messages sent from the device to the IGMP host or vice versa. The Switch monitors IGMP messages and discontinues forwarding multicast packets when there are no longer hosts requesting that they continue. To view the following window, click L2 Features > IGMP Snooping > IGMP Snooping Settings: Figure 3 - 25. IGMP Snooping Settings window

86 To enable IGMP Snooping globally on the Switch:  Click the Enabled radio button.  Click the Apply button to apply the IGMP Snooping setting. The following parameters may be viewed in the IGMP Snooping Settings window: Parameter Description VID (VLAN ID) This is the VLAN ID that, along with the VLAN Name, identifies the VLAN the user wishes to modify the IGMP Snooping Settings for. VLAN Name This is the VLAN Name that, along with the VLAN ID, identifies the VLAN the user wishes to modify the IGMP Snooping Settings for. Leave Timer This specifies the maximum amount of time in seconds between the Switch receiving a leave group message from a host, and the Switch issuing a group membership query. If no response to the membership query is received before the Leave Timer expires, the (multicast) forwarding entry for that host is deleted. The default setting is 2 seconds. Host Timeout This is the maximum amount of time in seconds allowed for a host to continue membership in a multicast group without the Switch receiving a host membership report. Default = 260. Router Timeout This is the maximum amount of time in seconds a route is kept in the forwarding table without receiving a membership report. Default = 260. State Select Enabled to implement IGMP Snooping. This field is Disabled by default. Parameter Settings Click the Edit button next to the VLAN you want to edit the IGMP Snooping parameters for.

87 Editing the IGMP Snooping parameters for a VLAN:  Click the Edit button next to the VLAN you want to edit.  The following window appears: Figure 3 - 26. IGMP Snooping Parameters Settings window The IGMP Snooping Parameters Settings window is divided into two sections. The following parameters can be viewed/modified in the top half of the window: Parameter Description VLAN ID This is the VLAN ID that, along with the VLAN Name, identifies the VLAN the user wishes to modify the IGMP Snooping Settings for. VLAN Name This is the VLAN Name that, along with the VLAN ID, identifies the VLAN the user wishes to modify the IGMP Snooping Settings for. Query Interval (1-65535 sec) This parameter specifies the length of time between sending IGMP Queries. Default= 125. Max Response Time (1-25 sec) This parameter is used to set the maximum amount of time allowed before sending an IGMP response report. Default= 10. Robustness Value (1-255) This parameter is used as a tuning variable that allows for a large number of packets being lost on subnetworks. Specify a value between 1 and 255. Specify a high value if you expect your subnetworks to lose a large number of packets. Default= 2. Last Member Query Interval (1-25 Sec) This parameter is used to set the maximum amount of time between group-specific query messages, including messages that have been sent in response to leave group messages. Default= 2. Host Timeout (1-16711450 sec) This is the maximum amount of time in seconds allowed for a host to continue membership in a multicast group without the Switch receiving a host membership report. Default = 260.