Yaesu FT-950 Operating Manual

FT-950 OPERATING MANUAL VERTEX STANDARD CO., LTD. 4-8-8 Nakameguro, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153-8644, Japan VERTEX STANDARD US Headquarters 10900 Walker Street, Cypress, CA 90630, U.S.A. YAESU EUROPE B.V. P.O. Box 75525, 1118 ZN Schiphol, The Netherlands YAESU UK LTD. Unit 12, Sun Valley Business Park, Winnall Close Winchester, Hampshire, SO23 0LB, U.K. VERTEX STANDARD HK LTD. Unit 5, 20/F., Seaview Centre, 139-141 Hoi Bun Road, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong VERTEX STANDARD (AUSTRALIA) PTY., LTD. Normanby Business Park, Unit 14/45 Normanby Road Notting Hill 3168, Victoria, Australia

The FT-950 is a leading-edge transceiver with a number of new and exciting features, some of which may be unfamiliar to you. In order to gain the most enjoyment and operating efficiency from your FT-950, we recommend that you read this manual in its entirety, and keep it handy for reference as you explore the many capabilities of your new transceiver. Before using your FT-950, be sure to read and follow the instructions in the “Before You Begin” section of this manual.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION Congratulations on the purchase of your Yaesu amateur transceiver! Whether this is your first rig, or if Yaesu equip- ment is already the backbone of your station, rest assured your transceiver will provide many hours of operating plea- sure for years to come. The FT-950 is an elite-class HF transceiver providing ex- ceptional performance both on transmit and receive. The FT-950 is designed for the most competitive operating situations, whether you primarily operate in contest, DX, or digital-mode environments. Built on the foundation of the popular FTDX9000 trans- ceiver, and carrying the proud tradition of the FT-1000 series, the FT-950 provides up to 100 Watts of power out- put on SSB, CW, and FM (25 Watts AM carrier). Digital Signal Processing (DSP) is utilized throughout the design, providing leading-edge performance, both transmit and receive. The Data Management Unit (DMU-2000) is available as an option for the FT-950. It provides extensive display capabilities via a user-supplied computer monitor. Included are Band Scope, Audio Scope, X-Y Oscilloscope, World Clock, Rotator Control, extensive Transceiver Status Dis- plays, and Station Logging Capability. For exceptional protection from strong signal interference, the optional RF μTuning Kits may be connected via the rear panel. The μTuning Kits provide extraordinarily sharp selectivity, and protect your receiver from close-in inter- ference on a crowded band. In the front end, you may select one of two RF preamplifi- ers, or IPO (Intercept Point Optimization) providing di- rect feed to the first mixer. Three levels of RF attenuation are available in 6-dB steps. The FT-950 receiver utilizes DSP filtering, incorporating many of the features of the FTDX9000, such as, Variable Bandwidth, IF Shift, and Passband Contour tuning. Also provided are Digital Noise Reduction, Digital Auto-Notch Filtering and a manually tuned IF Notch filter. On the transmit side, the Yaesu-exclusive Three-Band Para- metric Microphone Equalizer allows precise and flexible adjustment of the waveform created by your voice and microphone. The Amplitude, Center Frequency, and Band- width are adjusted separately for the low, mid-range, and high-frequency audio spectra. The transmitted bandwidth may also be adjusted. Advanced features include: Direct Keyboard Frequency Entry and Band Change, Speech Processor, IF Monitor for Voice modes, CW Pitch control, CW Spot switch, Full CW QSK, adjustable IF Noise Blanker, and all-mode Squelch. Two TX/RX antenna ports are provided on the rear panel. Two key jacks are provided (one on the front and one on the rear panel). The key jacks may be config- ured independently for paddle input, connection to a straight key, or computer-driven keying interface. The CW Message Memory is provided. Frequency setup is straightforward on the FT-950. Enter frequency directly for both VFO-A and VFO-B. Separate keys are provided for band selection. Each band key pro- vides three separate VFO settings for three different parts of each band. You can establish three independent VFO settings of frequency, mode, and filter for each band. In addition, 99 memories are provided to store: Frequency, Mode, IF filter selection, Clarifier offset, and Scan-skip status. What’s more, five quick-recall (“QMB”) memo- ries can instantly store operational settings at the push of a button. The built-in antenna tuner includes 100 memories that au- tomatically store antenna matching settings for rapid au- tomatic recall later. Interfacing for digital modes is extremely simple with the FT-950, thanks to the dedicated RTTY/PKT connection jack on the rear panel. Optimization of the filter passband, DSP settings, carrier insertion point, and display offset for digital modes, is possible via the Menu programming sys- tem. Advanced technology is only part of the FT-950 story. Vertex Standard stands behind our products with a world- wide network of dealers and service centers. We greatly appreciate your investment in the FT-950, and we look forward to helping you get the most out of your new trans- ceiver. Please feel free to contact your nearest dealer, or one of Vertex Standard’s national headquarters offices, for technical advice, interfacing assistance, or accessory rec- ommendation. Watch Vertex Standard U.S.A.’s Home Page for late-breaking information about Vertex, Standard Ho- rizon, and Yaesu products: http://www.vertexstandard.com. Please read this manual thoroughly, to gain maximum un- derstanding of the full capability of the FT-950. We thank you again for your purchase!

TABLE OF CONTENTS General Description..................................................... 1 Accessories & Options ................................................. 4 Supplied Accessories ............................................... 4 Available Options..................................................... 5 Before You Begin ......................................................... 6 Extending the Front Feet .......................................... 6 Adjusting the Main Tuning Dial Torque .................. 6 Resetting the Microprocessor .................................. 7 Resetting Memories (Only) ................................ 7 Menu Resetting................................................... 7 Full Reset............................................................ 7 Installation and Interconnections............................... 8 Antenna Considerations ........................................... 8 About Coaxial Cable ................................................ 8 Grounding ................................................................ 9 Connection of Antenna and Power Cables ............. 10 Connection of Microphone and Headphone .......... 11 Key, Keyer, and Computer-Driven Keying Interconnections ..................................................... 12 VL-1000 Linear Amplifier Interconnections.......... 13 Interfacing to Other Linear Amplifiers................... 14 Plug/Connector Pinout Diagrams ............................ 15 Front Panel Controls & Switches ............................. 16 Display Indications .................................................... 24 Rear Panel .................................................................. 27 Basic Operation: Receiving on Amateur Bands...... 29 Operation on 60-Meter (5 MHz) Band (U.S. version only) ................................................. 32 CLAR (Clarifier) Operation ................................... 33 LOCK..................................................................... 34 DIMMER ............................................................... 34 Convenience Features................................................ 35 Using VFO-B ......................................................... 35 “MY Bands” Operation.......................................... 36 Band Stack Operation ............................................ 37 C.S (Custom Switch) .............................................. 37 Rotator Control Functions...................................... 38 More Frequency Navigation Techniques ............... 39 Keyboard Frequency Entry .............................. 39 Using the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob ...................... 39 Using the UP/DOWN switches of the supplied MH-31B8 Hand Microphone ........ 39 Interference Rejection ............................................... 40 Receiver Operation (Front End Block Diagram) ... 40 ATT ........................................................................ 41 μ-Tune Filter .......................................................... 42 IPO (Intercept Point Optimization)........................ 44 R.FLT (Roofing Filters) ......................................... 45 IF Noise Blanker (NB) Operation .......................... 46 CONTOUR Control Operation .............................. 47 IF SHIFT Operation ............................................... 48 WIDTH (IF DSP Bandwidth) Tuning .................... 49 Using IF Shift and Width Together................... 49 NARROW (NAR) One-Touch IF Filter Selection ... 50 IF Notch Filter Operation....................................... 51 Digital Notch Filter (DNF) Operation ................... 52 Digital Noise Reduction (DNR) Operation............ 52 RF Gain (SSB/CW/AM Modes) ............................ 53 Tools for Comfortable and Effective Reception ...... 54 Audio Pitch Control ............................................... 54 Mute Feature .......................................................... 54 AGC (Automatic Gain Control) ............................. 55 SSB/AM Mode Transmission .................................... 56 Using the Automatic Antenna Tuner ........................ 58 ATU Operation....................................................... 58 About ATU Operation ............................................ 59 Enhancing Transmit Signal Quality ......................... 60 Parametric Microphone Equalizer ......................... 60 Using the Speech Processor ................................... 62 Adjusting the SSB Transmitted Bandwidth ........... 63 Transmitter Convenience Features .......................... 64 Voice Memory ........................................................ 64 Voice Memory Operation from the optional FH-2 Remote Control Keypad ..... 65 VOX (Automatic TX/RX Switching using Voice Control) ............. 66 MONITOR ............................................................. 67 Split Operation Using the TX Clarifier .................. 68 Split-Frequency Operation ..................................... 69 Quick Split Operation....................................... 69

TABLE OF CONTENTS CW Mode Operation ................................................. 70 Setup for Straight Key (and Straight Key emulation) Operation ................ 70 Using the Built-in Electronic Keyer ....................... 71 Full Break-in (QSK) Operation ........................ 72 Setting the Keyer Weight (Dot/Dash) Ratio...... 72 Selecting the Keyer Operating Mode ............... 73 CW Convenience Features ........................................ 74 CW Spotting (Zero-Beating) .................................. 74 Using CW Reverse ................................................. 75 CW Delay Time Setting ......................................... 76 CW Pitch Adjustment............................................. 76 Contest Memory Keyer .......................................... 78 Message Memory ............................................. 78 Transmitting in the Beacon Mode .............. 79 TEXT Memory ................................................. 80 Contest Number Programming ................... 82 Contest Memory Keyer (Using the optional FH-2 Remote Control Keypad) ...... 82 Message Memory ............................................. 82 TEXT Memory ................................................. 84 FM Mode Operation ................................................. 87 Basic Operation...................................................... 87 Repeater Operation ................................................ 88 Tone Squelch Operation ......................................... 89 Memory Operation .................................................... 90 Convenient Memory functions ............................... 90 QMB (Quick Memory Bank) ................................. 91 Standard Memory Operation .................................. 92 Memory Storage ............................................... 92 Memory Channel Recall ................................... 92 Checking Memory Channel Status ................... 93 Erasing Memory Channel Data ........................ 93 Moving Memory Data to the Main Band (VFO-A) .................................. 94 Memory Tune Operation .................................. 94 Memory Groups ..................................................... 95 Memory Group Assignment ............................. 95 Choosing the Desired Memory Group ............. 95 Operation on Alaska Emergency Frequency: 5167.5 kHz (U.S. Version Only) ................................ 96 VFO and Memory Scanning ..................................... 97 VFO Scanning ........................................................ 97 Memory Scan ......................................................... 98 PMS (Programmable Memory Scan)....................... 99 Packet Operation ..................................................... 100 Packet Setup (Including Subcarrier Frequency) .. 100 Basic Setup .......................................................... 100 RTTY (Radio Teletype) Operation......................... 101 Setting Up for RTTY Operation........................... 101 Basic Setup .......................................................... 101 Miscellaneous AFSK-Based Data Modes .............. 102 About the Transverter Output Terminal ............... 107 Menu Mode .............................................................. 103 Using the Menu .................................................... 103 Menu Mode Reset ................................................ 103 AGC Group .......................................................... 108 DISPLAY Group .................................................. 108 DVS Group .......................................................... 109 KEYER Group ..................................................... 109 GENERAL Group ................................................ 110 MODE-AM Group ............................................... 111 MODE-CW Group ............................................... 111 MODE-DATA Group ........................................... 113 MODE-FM Group ............................................... 113 MODE-RTTY Group ........................................... 113 MODE-SSB Group .............................................. 114 RX GENERAL Group ......................................... 114 SCOPE Group ...................................................... 115 TUNING Group ................................................... 116 TX AUDIO Group ............................................... 116 TX GNRL Group ................................................. 118 Installation of the Optional Filter .......................... 120 Voice Memory Unit (DVS-6) ............................... 120 RF μTuning Kit .................................................... 121 FC-40 External Automatic Antenna Tuner ........... 122 Data Management Unit (DMU-2000) .................. 124 Specifications............................................................ 126

ACCESSORIES & OPTIONS SUPPLIED ACCESSORIES Hand Microphone (MH-31B8) 1 pc A07890001 DC Power Cord 1 pc T9025225 Spare Fuse (25A) 1 pc Q0000074 Operating Manual 1 pc Warranty Card 1 pc

ACCESSORIES & OPTIONS AVAILABLE OPTIONS MD-200A8X Ultra-High-Fidelity Desktop Microphone MD-100A8X Desktop Microphone YH-77STA Lightweight Stereo Headphone VL-1000/VP-1000 Linear Amplifier/AC Power Supply DMU-2000 Data Management Unit RF μTuning Kit A For 160 m Band RF μTuning Kit B For 80/40 m Bands RF μTuning Kit C For 30/20 m Bands FC-40 External Automatic Antenna Tuner DVS-6 Voice Memory Unit FH-2 Remote Control Keypad CT-118 VL-1000 Linear Amplifire Connection Cable CT Cable (MDIN6P - MDIN6P 2m) Antenna Rotator Connection Cable (P/N T9101556) CT Cable (MDIN10P - Bare Wire 2m) Linear Amplifier Connection Cable (P/N T9207451) MD-200A8X YH-77STA FH-2 DMU-2000 VL-1000/VP-1000 RF μTuning Kit DVS-6 FC-40

EXTENDING THE FRONT FEET To elevate the front panel for easy viewing, the front left and right feet of the bottom case may be extended. ˆ Pull the front legs outward from the bottom panel. ˆ Rotate the legs counter-clockwise to lock them in the extended position. Be sure the legs have locked se- curely in place, because the transceiver is quite heavy and an unlocked leg could result in damage, should the transceiver move suddenly. ADJUSTING THE MAIN TUNING DIAL TORQUE The torque (drag) of the Main Tuning Dial knob may be adjusted according to your preferences. Simply hold down the rear skirt of the knob, and while holding it in place rotate the knob clockwise to reduce the drag or counter- clockwise to increase the drag. Available adjustment range is 120°. Retracting the Front Feet ˆ Rotate the legs clockwise, and push them inward while rotating to the right. ˆ The front feet should now be locked in the retracted position. BEFORE YOU BEGIN c Ð d Í c Î d Ï Hold the Skirt TIGHTEN LOOSEN

RESETTING THE MICROPROCESSOR RESETTING MEMORIES (ONLY) Use this procedure to reset (clear) the previously stored Memory channels, without affecting any configuration changes you may have made to the Menu settings. 1. Press the front panel’s [POWER] switch to turn the transceiver off. 2. Press and hold in the [AX X X X XM] button; while holding it in, press and hold in the front panel’s [POWER] switch to turn the transceiver on. Once the transceiver comes on, you may release the buttons. MENU RESETTING Use this procedure to restore the Menu settings to their factory defaults, without affecting the memories you have programmed. 1. Press the front panel [POWER] switch to turn the trans- ceiver off. 2. Press and hold in the [MENU] button; while holding it in, press and hold in the front panel [POWER] switch to turn the transceiver on. Once the transceiver comes on, you may release the buttons. FULL RESET Use this procedure to restore all Menu and Memory set- tings to their original factory defaults. All Memories will be cleared by this procedure. 1. Press the front panel [POWER] switch to turn the trans- ceiver off. 2. Press and hold the [FAST] and [LOCK] buttons; while holding them in, press and hold in the front panel [POWER] switch to turn the transceiver on. Once the transceiver comes on, you may release the buttons. IMPORTANT NOTE: When the optional μTuning Kit is connected to the FT- 950, disconnect all the cables from the μTuning Kit be- fore performing the Full Reset. [POWER] button [AX X X X XM] button BEFORE YOU BEGIN [LOCK] button [FAST] button [POWER] button [MENU] button [POWER] button

ANTENNA CONSIDERATIONS The FT-950 is designed for use with any antenna system providing a 50 Ohm resistive impedance at the desired operating frequency. While minor excursions from the 50-Ohm specification are of no consequence, if the Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) present at the Antenna jack is greater than 3:1, the transceiver’s Automatic Antenna Tuner may not be able to reduce the impedance mismatch to an acceptable value. Every effort should be made to ensure that the impedance of the antenna system be as close as possible to the specified 50- Ohm value. Note that the “G5RV” type antenna does not provide a 50-Ohm impedance on all HF Amateur bands. An external wide-range antenna coupler must be used with this antenna type. Any antenna to be used with the FT-950 must be fed from the transceiver with 50 Ohm coaxial cable. Therefore, when using a “balanced” antenna such as a dipole, remember that a balun or other matching/balancing device must be used to ensure proper antenna performance. The same precautions apply to any additional (receive-only) antennas connected to the antenna jacks; if your receive-only antennas do not have impedance near 50 Ohms at the operating frequency, you may need to install an external antenna tuner to obtain optimum performance. ABOUT COAXIAL CABLE Use high-quality 50-Ohm coaxial cable for the lead-in to your FT-950 transceiver. All efforts at providing an efficient antenna system will be wasted if poor quality, lossy coaxial cable is used. This transceiver utilizes standard “M” (“PL-259”) type connectors. INSTALLATION AND INTERCONNECTIONS 1/16'' 3/4'' 1 1/8'' 3/4'' Adapter 1/8'' 5/8'' 3/8'' TYPICAL PL-259 INSTALLATION

INSTALLATION AND INTERCONNECTIONS GROUNDING The FT-950 transceiver, like any other HF communications apparatus, requires an effective ground system for maximum electrical safety and best communications effectiveness. A good ground system can contribute to station efficiency in a number of ways: ˆ It can minimize the possibility of electrical shock to the operator. ˆ It can minimize RF currents flowing on the shield of the coaxial cable and the chassis of the transceiver; such currents may lead to radiation, which can cause interference to home entertainment devices or laboratory test equipment. ˆ It can minimize the possibility of erratic transceiver/accessory operation caused by RF feedback and/or improper cur- rent flow through logic devices. An effective earth ground system may take several forms; for a more complete discussion, see an appropriate RF engineer- ing text. The information below is intended only as a guideline. Typically, the ground connection consists of one or more copper-clad steel rods, driven into the ground. If multiple ground rods are used, they should be positioned in a “V” configuration, and bonded together at the base of the “V” which is nearest the station location. Use a heavy, braided cable (such as the discarded shield from type RG-213 coaxial cable), and strong cable clamps to secure the braided cable(s) to the ground rods. Be sure to weatherproof the connections to ensure many years of reliable service. Use the same type of heavy, braided cable for the connections to the station ground bus (described below). Inside the station, a common ground bus consisting of a copper pipe of at least 25 mm (1”) diameter should be used. An alternative station ground bus may consist of a wide copper plate (single-sided circuit board material is ideal) secured to the bottom of the operating desk. Grounding connections from individual transceivers, power supplies, and data communica- tions devices (TNCs, etc.) should be made directly to the ground bus using a heavy, braided cable. Do not “Daisy-Chain” ground connections from one electrical device to another, and thence to the ground bus. This method may nullify any attempt at effective radio frequency grounding. See the drawing below for examples of proper grounding techniques. Inspect the ground system - inside the station as well as outside - on a regular basis to ensure continued performance and safety. Besides following the above guidelines carefully, note that household or industrial gas lines must never be used in an attempt to establish an electrical ground. Cold water pipes may, in some instances, help in the grounding effort, but gas lines represent a significant explosion hazard, and must never be used. PROPER GROUND CONNECTION Linear Amplifier TNC Transceiver "Daisy Chain" Linear Amplifier TNC Transceiver IMPROPER GROUND CONNECTION

TO 1 ANT DC IN 2 FROM GND ROT LINEAR TUNER PTT REC REM KEY DMU CAT EXT SPKR -TUNE -TUNE INPUT 22 A : DC 13.8 V ANTENNA “2” ANTENNA “1” V A 0 0 5 5 10 20 15 30 20 40 CONTINUOUS CURRENT 25A OVERLOAD POWER ON OFF RED BLACK FUSE: 25A CONNECTION OF ANTENNA AND POWER CABLES Please follow the outline in the illustration regarding the proper connection of antenna coaxial cables, as well as the DC power cable. The DC power connector for the FT-950 must only be connected to a DC source providing 13.8 Volts DC (±10 %), and capable of at least 22 Amperes of current. Always observe proper polarity when making DC connection: The RED DC power lead connects to the Positive (+) DC terminal. The BLACK DC power lead connects to the Negative (–) DC terminal. We recommend the use of the FP-1030A AC Power Supply. Other models of power supplies may be used with the FT-950, but the 13.8 VDC input voltage, 22-Ampere current capability, and DC cable polarity guidelines described above must be strictly followed. Note that other manufacturers may use the same type of DC power connections as does your FT-950 transceiver, however, the wiring configuration may be different from that specified for your transceiver. Serious damage can be caused if im- proper DC connections are made; consult with a qualified service technician when in doubt. Permanent damage can result when improper supply voltage, or reverse-polarity voltage, is applied to the FT-950. The Limited Warranty on this transceiver does not cover damage caused by application of AC voltage, reverse polarity DC, or DC voltage outside the specified range of 13.8 V ±10 %. When replacing fuses, be certain to use a fuse of the proper rating. The FT-950 requires a 25 A blade fuse. ADVICE: ˆ Do not position the FT-950 in a location with direct exposure to sunshine. ˆ Do not position the FT-950 in a location exposed to dust and/or high humidity. ˆ Ensure adequate ventilation around the FT-950, to prevent heat build-up and possible reduction of performance due to high heat. ˆ Do not install the FT-950 on an unstable desk or table. Do not place in a location where objects may fall onto it from above. ˆ To minimize the possibility of interference to home entertainment devices, take all precautionary steps including sepa- ration of TV/FM antennas from Amateur transmitting antennas to the greatest extent possible, and keep transmitting coaxial cables separated from cables connected to home entertainment devices. ˆ Ensure that the DC power cord is not subject to undue stress or bending, which could damage the cable or cause it to be accidentally unplugged from the rear panel DC IN jack. ˆ Be certain to install your transmitting antenna(s) so they cannot possibly come in contact with TV/FM radio or other antennas, or with power or telephone lines. Use a short, thick, braided cable to connect your sta- tion equipment to the bur- ied ground rod (or alterna- tive earth ground system). INSTALLATION AND INTERCONNECTIONS

CONNECTION OF MICROPHONE AND HEADPHONE INSTALLATION AND INTERCONNECTIONS

KEY, KEYER, AND COMPUTER-DRIVEN KEYING INTERCONNECTIONS The FT-950 includes many features for the CW operator. These functions will be detailed in the “Operation” section later. Besides the built-in Electronic Keyer, two key jacks are provided, one on the front and one on the rear panel, for convenient connection to keying devices. The Menu selections allow you to configure the front and rear panel KEY jacks according to the device you wish to connect. For example, you may connect your keyer paddle to the front panel KEY jack, and use Menu item “037 A1A F- 037 A1A F- 037 A1A F- 037 A1A F- 037 A1A F- TYPE TYPE TYPE TYPE TYPE” for paddle input, and also connect the keying line from your personal computer (which emulates a “straight key”), to the rear panel KEY jack, and configure the rear panel jack using Menu item “039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE”. Both KEY jacks on the FT-950 utilize “Positive” keying voltage. Key-up voltage is approximately +3.3V DC, and key- down current is approximately 0.3 mA. When connecting a key or other device to the KEY jacks, use only a 3-contact (“stereo”) 1/4” phone plug; a 2-contact plug will place a short between the ring and (grounded) shaft of the plug, resulting in a constant “key-down” condition in some circumstances. INSTALLATION AND INTERCONNECTIONS KEY DMU CAT -TUNE

TO 1 ANT DC IN 2 FROM GND ROT LINEAR TUNER PTT REC REM KEY DMU CAT EXT SPKR INPUT: DC 13.8 V 22 A -TUNE -TUNE ANT 1 ANT 2 ANT 3 ANT 4 REMOTE ON OFF BAND DATA 1 BAND DATA 2 GND ALC 2 ALC 1 PTT 2 PTT 1 INPUT 1 INPUT 2 CONTROL DC48V IN ANT 1 ANT 2 INPUT ANT 1 ANT 2 ANT 3 INPUT 2 LINEAR BAND-DATA 2 GND GND DC 48V IN CONTROL ALC 2 VP-1000 ¾ VP-1000 ¾ DC 13.8 V HF Antenna 50MHz Antenna CT-118 Connection Cable (Option) Antenna Cable (Not Supplied) VL-1000 LINEAR AMPLIFIER INTERCONNECTIONS Be sure that both the FT-950 and VL-1000 are turned off, then follow the installation recommendations contained in the illustration. NOTE: ˆ Please refer to the VL-1000 Operating Manual for details regarding amplifier operation. ˆ Please do not attempt to connect or disconnect coaxial cables when your hands are wet. INSTALLATION AND INTERCONNECTIONS To link the FT-950 and VL-1000 Power switches, set the VL-1000 REMOTE switch to the “ON” position. Set the front panel’s INPUT switch to the “INPUT2”.

INSTALLATION AND INTERCONNECTIONS INTERFACING TO OTHER LINEAR AMPLIFIERS NOTE ˆ The TX GND OUT pin (pin 2) of the LINEAR jack is a transistor “open collector” circuit. It is capable of handling positive relay coil voltages up to +60VDC at 200 mA or +30 VDC at 1 A. If you plan to use multiple linear amplifiers for different bands, you must provide external band switching of the “Linear Tx” relay con- trol line from the “TX GND OUT” line at the LIN- EAR jack. ˆ The specified range for ALC voltage to be used with the FT-950 is 0 to -4 Volts DC. ˆ Amplifier systems utilizing different ALC voltages will not work correctly with the FT-950, and their ALC lines must not be connected if this is the case. IMPORTANT NOTE! ˆ Do not exceed the maximum voltage or current ratings for the “TX GND OUT” pin (pin 2) of the LINEAR jack. This line is not compatible with negative DC volt- ages, or AC voltages of any magnitude. ˆ Most amplifier control relay systems require only low DC voltage/current switching capability (typically, +12V DC at 25 ~ 75 mA), and the switching transistor in the FT-950 will easily accommodate such amplifi- ers. Wire Color Orange Yellow Green Red White Blue Violet Brown Black Gray Light Blue LINEA Jack (Pin Number) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Case Function +13.8 V TX GND GND BAND DATA A BAND DATA B BAND DATA C BAND DATA D TX INH EXT ALC IN TX REQ IN Shield Linear Amplifier Connection Cable (T9207451) Color Code Information TO 1 ANT DC IN 2 FROM GND ROT LINEAR TUNER PTT REC REM KEY DMU CAT EXT SPKR INPUT: DC 13.8 V 22 A -TUNE -TUNE E E RY ALC AC FUSE GND RF IN RF OUT ANT 1 ANT 2 ANT HF Antenna 50 MHz Antenna INPUT GND GND INPUT DC 13.8 V Antenna Cable (Not Supplied) LINEAR Light-Blue Linear Amplifier Connection Cable (T9207451: Option) Black Green Yellow Note When the FC-40 is connected to the FT-950, TX GND (pin 2) of the TUNER jack and the LINEAR jack (pin 2) are common circuits. Therefore, the maximum voltage at TX GND (pin 2) of the LINEAR jack must not exceed +5V.

PLUG/CONNECTOR PINOUT DIAGRAMS IMPORTANT NOTE: The μ-TUNE and DMU connectors are special connectors for this trans- ceiver. Please do not connect any accessory or other device not specifically approved by Vertex Standard. Failure to observe this precaution may cause damage not covered by the Limited Warranty on this apparatus. Do not use 2-conductor type plug RTTY/PKT LINEAR RCA PLUG KEY MIC CAT SIGNAL or ( ) + GND or (-- )- EXT SPKR DC IN TUNER ROT ROTATOR ( ) PHONE REM REMOTE ( ) (as viewed from front panel) (as viewed from rear panel) DOT DASH COMMON For Internal Keyer KEY GND For Straight Key (as viewed from rear panel) (as viewed from rear panel) (as viewed from rear panel) (as viewed from rear panel) (as viewed from rear panel) CW ROTATION SPEED DIRECTION GND NC CCW ROTATION SIGNAL (RIGHT) SIGNAL (LEFT) GND GND SIGNAL GND SIGNAL +13V OUT TX GND GND BAND DATA A BAND DATA B BAND DATA C BAND DATA D TX INH EXT ALC IN TX REQ IN N/A SERIAL OUT SERIAL IN N/A GND N/A RTS CTS NC UP +5V DOWN FAST GND PTT MIC GND MIC DATA IN GND DATA PTT FSK IN DATA OUT SQL OUT +13V OUT TX GND GND RX D TX D TUNER SENSE RESET OUT TX INH

[POWER] Switch Press and hold in this switch for two seconds to turn the transceiver on. Similarly, press and hold in this switch for two seconds to turn the transceiver off. [ANT 1-2] Switch Pressing this switch selects the ANT 1 or the ANT 2 connector on the rear panel, and allows convenient an- tenna switching at the press of button. The selected antenna jack is indicated on the Block Diagram Dis- play shown in the Transceiver Display. [TUNE] Switch This is the on/off switch for the FT-950’s Automatic Antenna Tuner. Pressing this button momentarily places the antenna tuner in line between the transmitter final amplifier and the antenna jack (The “ ” icon will appear in the display). Reception is not affected. Pressing and holding in this button for two seconds, while receiving in an amateur band, activates the trans- mitter for a few seconds while the automatic antenna tuner rematches the antenna system impedance for minimum SWR. The resulting setting is automatically stored in one of the antenna tuner’s 100 memories, for instant automatic recall later when the receiver is tuned near the same frequency. Pressing this button momentarily, while the Tuner is engaged, will take the Automatic Antenna tuner out of the transmit line. NOTE: When the Automatic Antenna Tuner is tuning itself, a signal is being transmitted. Therefore, be certain that an antenna or dummy load is connected to the selected antenna jack before pressing and holding in the [TUNE] button to start antenna tuning. FRONT PANEL CONTROLS & SWITCHES

[MOX] Switch Pressing this button engages the PTT (Push to Talk) circuit, to activate the transmitter (the LED inside this button will glow red). It must be turned off (the red LED will be off) for reception. This button replicates the action of the Push to Talk (PTT) switch on the mi- crophone. When engaging the [MOX] button, or oth- erwise causing a transmission to be started, be certain you have either an antenna or 50-Ohm dummy load connected to the selected Antenna jack. [VOX] Switch This button enables automatic voice-actuated transmit- ter switching in the SSB, AM, and FM modes. While activated, the LED inside this button glows red. The controls affecting VOX operation are the Menu items “114 TGEN V GAIN 114 TGEN V GAIN 114 TGEN V GAIN 114 TGEN V GAIN 114 TGEN V GAIN”, “115 TGEN VOX DLY 115 TGEN VOX DLY 115 TGEN VOX DLY 115 TGEN VOX DLY 115 TGEN VOX DLY”, and “116 TGEN ANTI VOX 116 TGEN ANTI VOX 116 TGEN ANTI VOX 116 TGEN ANTI VOX 116 TGEN ANTI VOX”. By proper adjustment of these controls, hands-free voice-actuated operation is pos- sible. [MONI] (Monitor) Switch This button enables the transmit monitor in SSB, CW, AM, and FM modes. While activated, the “ ” icon appears in the display. The Monitor audio level may be adjusted by turning the [MONI] knob. ADVICE: When using headphones, the Monitor function is very helpful while adjusting the Parametric Equalizer or other voice quality adjustments. The voice heard in the headphones represents the transmitted audio qualities. [PROC] (Processor) Switch This button enables the Parametric Microphone Equal- izer and Speech Processor for SSB/AM transmission. When the Parametric Microphone Equalizer is acti- vated, the “ ” icon appears in the display. When the Speech Processor is activated, the “ ” and “ ” icons appear in the display. Adjustment of the Processor level is accomplished via the Menu item “109 TGEN PROCLVL 109 TGEN PROCLVL 109 TGEN PROCLVL 109 TGEN PROCLVL 109 TGEN PROCLVL”. ADVICE: ˆ The Speech Processor is a tool for increasing the average power output through a compression tech- nique. However, if the Processor level is advanced too far, the increase in compression becomes counter-productive, as intelligibility will suffer. We recommend that you monitor the sound of your sig- nal using the Monitor (with headphones). ˆ When the optional Data Management Unit (DMU- 2000) is connected, you may use the Audio Scope/ Oscilloscope page to help you adjust the setting of the compression level of the Speech Processor for optimum performance using your voice and micro- phone. [SPOT] Switch This button turns on the CW receiver spotting tone; by matching the SPOT tone to that of the incoming CW signal (precisely the same pitch), you will be “zero beating” your transmitted signal on to the frequency of the other station. The offset tone frequency will be indicated in the fre- quency display area of the display while this button is pressed. [BK-IN] Switch This button turns the CW break-in capability on and off. While CW break-in is activated, the “ ” icon appears in the display. [KEYER] Switch This button toggles the internal CW keyer on and off. While activated, the “ ” icon appears in the dis- play. The Keyer sending speed is adjusted via the front panel’s [SPEED] knob and the CW Hang Time is ad- justed via the Menu item “044 A1A DELAY 044 A1A DELAY 044 A1A DELAY 044 A1A DELAY 044 A1A DELAY”. [AGC] Switch This button selects the AGC characteristics for the re- ceiver. Available selections are FAST, MID, SLOW, or AUTO. The “AGC” icon will change according to the AGC characteristics selected. Press the [AGC] button repeatedly to select the de- sired receiver-recovery time constant. Press and hold in the [AGC] button for two seconds to disable the AGC (for testing or weak-signal reception). ADVICE: ˆ The Attenuator may be used in conjunction with the [IPO] button to provide two stages of signal reduction when an extremely strong signal is being received. ˆ If the AGC receiver-recovery time is set to “Off” by pressing and holding in the [AGC] button, the S-meter will no longer deflect. Additionally, you will likely encounter distortion on stronger signals, as the IF amplifiers and the following stages are probably being overloaded. FRONT PANEL CONTROLS & SWITCHES

FRONT PANEL CONTROLS & SWITCHES PHONES Jack A 1/4-inch, 3-contact jack accepts either monaural or stereo headphones with 2- or 3-contact plugs. When a plug is inserted, the loudspeaker is disabled. NOTE: When wearing headphones, we recommend that you turn the AF Gain levels down to their lowest settings before turning power on, to minimize the impact on your hearing caused by audio “pops” during switch- on. [METER] Switch This button determines the function of the meter dur- ing transmission. Press this button to change the meter function in the transmit mode as follows: ALC ALC ALC ALC ALC Æ Æ Æ Æ Æ SWR SWR SWR SWR SWR Æ Æ Æ Æ Æ ID ID ID ID ID Æ Æ Æ Æ Æ VDD VDD VDD VDD VDD Æ Æ Æ Æ Æ COMP COMP COMP COMP COMP Æ Æ Æ Æ Æ ALC ALC ALC ALC ALC …… ALC ALC ALC ALC ALC: Indicates the relative ALC voltage. SWR SWR SWR SWR SWR: Indicates the Standing Wave Ratio (Forward/ Reflected). ID ID ID ID ID: Indicates the final amplifier drain current. VDD VDD VDD VDD VDD: Indicates the final amplifier drain voltage. COMP COMP COMP COMP COMP:Indicates the speech compressor level (SSB modes only). [MIC GAIN] Knob This knob adjusts the microphone input level for (non- processed) SSB and AM transmission. ADVICE: Adjust the [MIC GAIN] knob while speaking in a some- what louder than normal voice level, watch the ALC level and adjust the [MIC GAIN] knob so that the ALC level indication just reaches the right edge of the ALC scale. Then, when you speak in your normal voice level, you will not be over-driving the microphone amplifier stages. [SPEED] Knob This knob adjusts the keying speed of the internal CW keyer (4 ~ 60 WPM). Clockwise rotation increases the sending speed. When turning this knob while pressing the [KEYER] button, the frequency display shows the keying speed. Microphone Connector This 8-pin jack accepts input from a microphone uti- lizing a traditional YAESU HF transceiver pinout.

FRONT PANEL CONTROLS & SWITCHES KEY Jack This 1/4-inch, 3-contact jack accepts a CW key or keyer paddles (for the built-in electronic keyer), or output from an external electronic keyer. Pinout is shown on page 15. Key up voltage is +3.3 V DC, and key down current is 0.3 mA. This jack may be configured for keyer, “Bug”, “straight key”, or computer keying in- terface operation via Menu item “037 A1A F-TYPE 037 A1A F-TYPE 037 A1A F-TYPE 037 A1A F-TYPE 037 A1A F-TYPE” (see page 111). There is another jack with the same name on the rear panel, and it may be configured inde- pendently for Internal Keyer or pseudo-straight-key operation. NOTE: You cannot use a 2-contact plug in this jack (to do so produces a constant “key down” condition). [MONI] Knob This knob adjusts the audio level of the transmit moni- tor during transmission (relative to the [AF GAIN] knob), when activated by the [MONI] button. [SQL] Knob This knob sets the signal level threshold, below which the receiver audio is muted, in all modes. It is very useful during local rag-chews, to eliminate noise be- tween incoming transmissions. This control is normally kept fully counter-clockwise (off), except when scan- ning and during FM operation. [SHIFT] Switch Pressing this button allows you to move the IF DSP Bandwidth higher or lower, using the [SELECT] knob. While activated, the LED inside this button glows or- ange. [NOTCH] Switch Pressing this button allows you to adjust the center fre- quency of the IF Notch filter using the [SELECT] knob. While activated, the LED inside this button glows orange. Press the [SELECT] knob briefly to toggle the IF Notch filter on/off. [WIDTH] Switch Pressing this button allows you to adjust the overall bandwidth of the IF DSP filter using the [SELECT] knob. While activated, the LED inside this button glows orange. [μ-TUNE] Switch Pressing this button allows you to adjust the center fre- quency of the μ-Tuning filter passband using the [SE- LECT] knob, when the optional RF μTuning Kit is connected. While activated, the LED inside this but- ton glows orange. Press the [SELECT] knob briefly to toggle the μ-Tuning function on/off. [CONT] Switch Pressing this button allows you to select the DSP Con- tour filter response using the [SELECT] knob. While activated, the LED inside this button glows orange. Press the [SELECT] knob briefly to toggle the IF Contour filter on/off. [CLEAR] Switch Pressing this button will reset to factory default the functions, which are selected with the five buttons at the left of this button. [SELECT] Knob This knob is used to adjust the status of the functions selected by the five buttons located above the knob. The [SELECT] knob is also used to select the Menu item when the Menu mode is engaged. Press and hold the [SELECT] knob for one second to activate the optional Voice Memory feature for the SSB/ AM/FM modes, or the Contest Keyer for the CW mode. See page 64 (Voice Memory feature) or page 78 (Con- test Keyer) for details. [(VFO-A)RX] Indicator/Switch Press this button to activate receive on the VFO-A fre- quency. The LED inside the button will glow green when the transceiver receives the VFO-A frequency. When the transceiver receives the VFO-A frequency, pressing this button momentarily will mute the receiver, and the indicator will blink. Pressing the button once more will restore receiver operation, and the indicator will glow green steadily. FUNCTION SWITCH [SHIFT] [WIDTH] [CONT] [NOTCH] [μ-TUNE] EFFECT Rotate the [SELECT] knob to move the pass- band of the IF DSP filter by 20 Hz steps. The total adjustment range is ±1 kHz. The position of the passband can be observed on the dis- play. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to set the overall bandwidth of the IF DSP filter. Counter-clock- wise rotation reduces the bandwidth, while clockwise rotation increases the bandwidth. The current bandwidth can be observed on the display. Press the [SELECT] knob to turn the CON- TOUR filter on and off. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to adjust the CONTOUR filter response. The peak position of the CONTOUR filter can be observed on the display. Press the [SELECT] knob to turn the IF NOTCH filter on and off. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to adjust the center frequency of the IF NOTCH filter. The null position of the IF NOTCH filter can be observed on the display. Press the [SELECT] knob to turn the optional RF μTuning Kit on and off. Rotate the [SE- LECT] knob to adjust the center frequency of the μ-Tuning filter. The peak position of the μ- Tuning filter can be observed on the Tuning Offset Indicator field of the display.

FRONT PANEL CONTROLS & SWITCHES QMB (Quick Memory Bank) Switches [STO] (Store) Button Pressing the [STO] button copies the contents (fre- quency, mode, bandwidth, and also FM repeater fre- quency shift/direction and CTCSS functions) of VFO- A, into consecutive QMB Memories. [RCL] (Recall) Button Pressing the [RCL] button, recalls one of up to five Quick Memory Bank memories for operation. [NAR] (Narrow) Switch In the SSB/CW/RTTY/PSK modes, this button is used to set the DSP (digital) IF filters to Narrow bandwidth. ADVICE: You may adjust the bandwidth using the [SELECT] knob when the [WIDTH] button is engaged. In the AM mode, this button is used to toggle the receiver’s bandwidth between wide (9 kHz) and nar- row (6 kHz). In the FM mode on the 28 MHz and 50 MHz bands, this button is used to toggle the FM deviation/band- width between wide (±5.0 kHz Dev./25.0 kHz BW) and narrow (±2.5 kHz Dev./12.5 kHz BW). [SPLIT] Switch Press this button to operate split frequency between VFO-A (used for reception) and VFO-B (used for trans- mission). If you press and hold in the [SPLIT] button for one second, the “Quick Split” feature will be en- gaged. VFO-B will automatically be set to a frequency 5 kHz higher than the VFO-A frequency, with the same operating mode. The transceiver will be placed in the Split mode. [TXW] (TX Watch) Switch Pressing this button lets you monitor the transmit fre- quency when split frequency operation is engaged. Release the button to return to normal split frequency operation. [C.S] Switch Press this button momentarily to directly recall a fa- vorite Menu Selection. To program a Menu selection to the [C.S] button: press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu. Select the Menu item you want to set as the short cut. Then press and hold in the [C.S] button for one second; this will lock in the selected Menu item as the short cut.

FRONT PANEL CONTROLS & SWITCHES [MENU] Switch This button is used to access the Menu system. The various transceiver characteristics may be configured. Menu operation is described in detail, in this manual, beginning on page 104. IMPORTANT NOTE: Pressing this button momentarily, activates the Menu. The Menu items will appear on the display; once you have changed the parameters, you must press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save any con- figuration changes (momentarily pressing the [MENU] button to exit will not save the changes). Main Tuning Dial Knob This large knob adjusts the operating frequency of the VFO-A or a recalled memory. Clockwise rotation of this knob increases the frequency. Default tuning in- crements are 10 Hz (100 Hz in AM and FM modes); when the [FAST] button is pressed, the tuning steps increase. The available steps are: ADVICE: The tuning steps for the Main Tuning Dial knob are set, at the factory, to 10 Hz per step. Via Menu item “084 TUN DIALSTP 084 TUN DIALSTP 084 TUN DIALSTP 084 TUN DIALSTP 084 TUN DIALSTP”, however, you may change this setting from 10 Hz to 1 or 5 Hz instead. When 1 Hz basic steps are selected, the action of the [FAST] but- ton will be changed to 1/10 of the values listed above. [(VFO-A)TX] Indicator/Switch When this button is pushed, the LED inside the button will glow red; and, when the PTT switch is pressed, the transceiver will transmit on the VFO-A frequency (subject to any Clarifier offset, of course). ADVICE: If this indicator is not illuminated, it means the [(VFO- B)TX] Indicator/Switch has been selected (it will be glowing red). In this case, transmission will be on the frequency and mode programmed for VFO-B. [FAST] Switch Pressing this button will increase or decrease the tun- ing rate of the Main Tuning Dial knob (VFO-A) or the VFO-B Tuning Knob ([CLAR/VFO-B] knob), by a factor of ten, as mentioned in the previous section. When this function is activated, the “ ” icon ap- pears in the display. ADVICE: This switch affects VFO-A and VFO-B independently. OPERATING MODE LSB/USB/CW/RTTY/PKT(LSB) AM/FM/PKT(FM) Numbers in parentheses indicate steps when the [FAST] button is On. 1 STEP 10 Hz (100 Hz) 100 Hz (1 kHz) 1 DIAL ROTATION 10 kHz (100 kHz) 100 kHz (1 MHz) [LOCK] Switch This button toggles locking on/off for the Main Tun- ing Dial knob (VFO-A) or the VFO-B Tuning Knob ([CLAR/VFO-B] knob). With “Lcok” on, the Main Tuning Dial knob or [CLAR/VFO-B] knob can still be turned, but the frequency will not change, and the “ ” icon appears in the display. ADVICE: This switch locks VFO-A and VFO-B independently. [AX X X X XB] Switch Press this button momentarily to transfer the frequency or memory channel data, from VFO-A to VFO-B, over- writing any previous contents in VFO-B. Use this key to set both VFO-A and VFO-B to the same frequency and mode. [AX X X X X W W W W WB] Switch Pressing this button momentarily, exchanges the fre- quency or memory channel data, of VFO-A and VFO- B. [V/M] Switch This button toggles frequency control between VFO- A and the memory system. In memory mode, either “ ” or “ ” icon will be shown under the frequency Display field to indicate the current selection. If you have tuned the frequency off the Memory channel, the “ ” icon will be displayed. Pressing the [V/M] but- ton returns the display to the original memory fre- quency, and the “ ” icon will again be displayed. Pressing it once more returns frequency operation to the VFO-A, and the icon will no longer be displayed. [MX X X X XA] Switch Pressing this button momentarily, will display the con- tents of the currently-selected memory channel for 10 seconds. Holding [MXA] button in for one second copies the data from the selected memory to VFO-A, and two beeps sound. Previous data in VFO-A will be over- written. [AX X X X XM] Switch Pressing this button momentarily, displays the contents of the currently-selected memory channel for 10 sec- onds. Pressing and holding in this key for one second (until the double beep) copies the current operating data into the currently selected memory channel, overwriting any previous data stored there.

FRONT PANEL CONTROLS & SWITCHES [BAND] Keys These keys allow one-touch selection of the desired Amateur band (1.8 ~ 50 MHz). The keys may also be used for direct entry of a desired operating frequency during VFO operation. [MODE] Switches Pressing one of these switches, selects the operating mode, as shown in the chart below. Repeated presses of a particular switch will toggle to the alternate mode, or step through the available selections. For example pressing [SSB] button repeatedly toggles between “LSB” and “USB” mode. For [RTTY/PKT] operation, press the button briefly to toggle between “RTTY” and “PKT”. Press and hold the button, repeatedly, to step through “PKT(LSB)” J “PKT(USB)” J “PKT(FM)” J “PKT(LSB)” .... [ATT] Switch This button selects the degree of attenuation, if any, to be applied to the receiver input. Available selections are –6 dB, –12 dB, –18 dB, or OFF. The attenuation level appears in the ATT column of the Block Diagram Display on the display. ADVICE: The Attenuator may be used in conjunction with the [IPO] button to provide two stages of signal reduction when an extremely strong signal is being received. [IPO] (INTERCEPT POINT OPTIMIZATION) Switch This button may be used to set the optimum front end characteristics of the receiver circuit for a very strong signal environment. Available selections are AMP 1 (low distortion amplifier), AMP 2 (2-stage low-distor- tion RF amplifier), or ON (bypasses the front end RF amplifier), and the selected receiver RF amplifier ap- pears in the IPO column of the Block Diagram Dis- play on the display. SWITCH [SSB] [CW] [AM/FM] [RTTY/PKT] VARIABLE MODE SELECTIONS LSB Q USB CW(LSB) Q CW(USB) AM Q FM Momentarily: RTTY(LSB) Q PKT(LSB) Press & Hold: RTTY(LSB) Q RTTY(USB) or PKT(LSB) J PKT(USB) J PKT(FM) J PKT(LSB) ....

FRONT PANEL CONTROLS & SWITCHES [R.FLT] (ROOFING FILTER) Switch This button selects the bandwidth of the receiver first IF Roofing Filter. Available selections are 3 kHz, 6 kHz, 15 kHz, or Auto. The selected bandwidth appears in the FLT column of the Block Diagram Display on the display. ADVICE: Because the roofing filter is in the first IF, the protec- tion it provides against interference is quite significant. When set to AUTO, SSB bandwidth is 6 kHz, CW is 3 kHz, FM and RTTY are 15 kHz. On a crowded SSB band, however, you may wish to select the 3 kHz filter, for the maximum possible interference rejection. [NB] Switch This button turns the IF Noise Blanker on and off. Press this button momentarily to reduce short-duration pulse noise; the “ ” icon will appear in the display. Press and hold this button in for one second to reduce longer-duration man-made pulse noises; the “ ” icon will blink for three seconds, then will appear con- tinuously in the display. Press this button again to disable the noise blanker; the “ ” icon will disappear. [AF GAIN] [RF GAIN] Knobs [AF GAIN] Knob The inner [AF GAIN] knob sets the receiver’s audio volume level. Typically, you will operate with this con- trol set between the 9 o’clock and 10 o’clock posi- tions. [RF GAIN] Knob The outer [RF GAIN] knob is the receiver’s RF gain control, which adjusts the gain of the receiver’s RF and IF amplifier stages. This control is normally left in the fully clockwise position. [RX CLAR] Switch Pressing this button activates the RX Clarifier. This will allow you to temporarily adjust the receiving fre- quency up to ±9.99 kHz with the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob. Press this button once more to return the receiver to the original frequency; the Clarifier offset will be remembered, in case you want to use it again. To can- cel the Clarifier offset, press the [CLEAR] button. [TX CLAR] Switch Pressing this button activates the TX Clarifier, to al- low offsetting the transmit frequency temporarily. Press this button once more to return the transmitter to the original frequency; the Clarifier offset will be remem- bered, though, in case you want to use it again. To can- cel the Clarifier offset, press the [CLEAR] button. [CLEAR] Switch Pressing this button clears out any frequency offset you have programmed into the Clarifier register (thereby setting the offset to “Zero”). [(VFO-B)RX] Indicator/Switch This button switches the receiving frequency to VFO- B, the green LED imbedded within the button will light up. Pressing this button again will return the receiving frequency to VFO-A, and the imbedded green LED will turn off. [(VFO-B)TX] Indicator/Switch This button transfers control of the transmit frequency/ mode to VFO-B, and the red LED in the button will light up. Pressing this button again will transfer fre- quency/mode control back to the VFO-A side, and the red LED imbedded within this button will turn off. [BAND] Switch Pressing this button allows you to select the operating band (Amateur bands) by turning the [CLAR/VFO- B] knob. [GRP] Switch Pressing this button allows you to select the memory group by turning the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob. [MHz] Switch Pressing this button allows you to tune the VFO fre- quency down or up in 1 MHz increments, using the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob. [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob This knob usually tunes the Clarifier offset frequency up to ±9.99 kHz. Additionally, it is used to adjust the functions selected with five buttons located around the knob. [MCH] Switch Pressing this button allows you to select the memory channel using the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob. EFFECT Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to adjust the VFO-B frequency, in the same step as the Main Tuning Dial knob. The Frequency Display will be changed to show the VFO- B frequency. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to change the amateur band selection. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the memory group. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to tune the VFO frequency in 1 MHz step. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the memory channel. FUNCTION SWITCH [(VFO-B)RX] [BAND] [GRP] [MHz] [MCH]

PROC This indicator appears whenever the DSP Speech Pro- cessor is activated. MONI This indicator appears whenever the transmit monitor circuit is activated. KEYER This indicator appears whenever the internal CW keyer is activated. BK-IN This indicator appears whenever CW break-in opera- tion is activated. NB This indicator appears when the receiver’s “short-du- ration” Noise Blanker is activated. This indicator will blink for three seconds, and there- after appears continuously, when the receiver’s “longer pulse” Noise Blanker is activated. NAR This indicator appears whenever the receiver’s narrow IF DSP filter is engaged. S/PO On receive, this indicates the received signal strength, from S-0 to S-9+60dB on receiving. On transmit, it indicates the RF Power Output, from 0 to 150 Watts on transmit. ADVICE: The S and PO meters can be set to the Peak-hold func- tion via the Menu items “007 DISP PKH S 007 DISP PKH S 007 DISP PKH S 007 DISP PKH S 007 DISP PKH S” and “008 008 008 008 008 DISP PKH PO DISP PKH PO DISP PKH PO DISP PKH PO DISP PKH PO”. Multi Function Meter The five Transmit Multi-Meter functions are listed below. DISPLAY INDICATIONS (LEFT SIDE) The function displayed is selected by repeatedly press- ing the [METER] switch, to step through the available meter displays. (ALC ALC ALC ALC ALC Æ SWR SWR SWR SWR SWR Æ ID ID ID ID ID Æ VDD VDD VDD VDD VDD Æ COMP COMP COMP COMP COMP Æ ALC ALC ALC ALC ALC ....) ADVICE: The ALC and ID meters can be set to the Peak-hold function via the Menu items “009 DISP PKH ALC 009 DISP PKH ALC 009 DISP PKH ALC 009 DISP PKH ALC 009 DISP PKH ALC” and “010 DISP PKH ID 010 DISP PKH ID 010 DISP PKH ID 010 DISP PKH ID 010 DISP PKH ID”. TUNER This indicator appears when the internal Automatic An- tenna Tuner is activated. HI-SWR This indicator appears if the directional coupler and microprocessor detect an abnormally high SWR con- dition (over 3.0:1) that cannot be resolved by the Au- tomatic Antenna Tuner. NOTE: If this indicator appears, check to be sure that you have the correct antenna selected for the current operating band. Also check the condition of the antenna, the co- axial cable, and/or the connectors on the cable, to lo- cate and correct the fault. MIC EQ This indicator appears whenever the Three-Band Para- metric Microphone Equalizer is activated via the Menu. REC This indicator appears while the optional Voice Memory Unit is recording your voice message, or the Contest Keyer is recording your CW keying. PLAY This indicator appears while the optional Voice Memory Unit is playing back the recorded voice mes- sage, or the recorded Contest CW keying. Indicates the relative ALC voltage. Indicates the Standing Wave Ratio (Forward: Reflected), from 1.0 to 3.0. Indicates the final amplifier drain current, 0 to 30 ampere. Indicates the final amplifier drain voltage (nominal value: 13.8 V). Indicates the speech compressor level, from 0 to 30 dB. ALC SWR ID VDD COMP

DISPLAY INDICATIONS (CENTER) Block Diagram Display ANT (1, 2): Indicates the antenna selected by the front panel [ANT 1-2] button. ATT (OFF, –6 dB, –12 dB, –18 dB): Indicates the attenuation level, selected by the front panel [ATT] button. FLT (μ-TUNE, THRU): Indicates when the optional μ-TUNE RF filter is se- lected by the front panel [μ-TUNE] button. ADVICE: The icon will not appear unless the optional μ-TUNE unit is connected. IPO (AMP 1, AMP 2, ON): Indicates which front end RF amplifier is selected by the front panel [IPO] button. R.FLT (AUTO, 3 kHz, 6 kHz, 15 kHz): Indicates the receiver IF Roofing Filter, which is se- lected by the front panel [R.FLT] button. AGC (AUTO, FAST, MID, SLOW): Indicates the AGC decay time setting, selected by the front panel [AGC] switch. DNR This indicator appears whenever the Digital Noise Re- duction feature is activated. DNF This indicator appears whenever the Digital Notch Fil- ter is activated. CONTOUR The peak position of the CONTOUR Filter is graphi- cally depicted here when the CONTOUR Filter is acti- vated. NOTCH The null position of the IF Notch Filter is graphically depicted here when the IF Notch Filter is activated. WIDTH Indicates the bandwidth setting of the DSP IF filter. SHIFT Graphically indicates the peak position of the DSP IF filter.

DISPLAY INDICATIONS (RIGHT SIDE) TX This indicator appears during transmission. BUSY This indicator appears whenever the receiver squelch is open. If this indicator is not showing, and reception seems to have been lost on the receiver for no apparent reason, check the position of the [SQL] knob and ro- tate it fully counter-clockwise to restore reception. FAST This indicator appears when the Main Tuning Dial knob’s, tuning rate is set to “fast”. LOCK This indicator appears when the Main Tuning Dial knob is locked. LSB, USB, CW, AM, FM, RTTY, PKT Displays the current operating mode. Frequency Display This is the frequency display. ADVICE: ˆ When setting the Menu items, the Menu item num- ber, Menu group name, and Menu item name will appear in this area during setup. ˆ When setting the CTCSS frequency for Encoding or Tone Squelch operation, the current tone infor- mation will appear in this area during setup. ˆ When controlling the optional rotator, the current rotation speed will appear in this area during setup. Tuning Offset Indicator This is a tuning scale that, as configured from the fac- tory, provides a visual CW tuning indication of the in- coming signal’s offset from your transceiver’s CW car- rier frequency, as programmed by the relative clarifier offset, or the peak position of the optional μ-TUNE filter. CLAR This indicator appears whenever the Clarifier function is activated. MR This indicator appears when the FT-950 is in the Memory Recall mode. MT This indicator appears when the FT-950 is in the Memory Tune mode to indicate that the memory con- tents have been temporarily changed. Multi-Display Window This window displays either the Clarifier offset or the Memory Channel Number. ADVICE: ˆ During FM operation, the Repeater Shift will be indicated in this window. A Negative frequency shift will be indicated by “–” while a Positive frequency shift will be indicated by “+”. ˆ When setting the Menu items, the current setting will appear in this area. ˆ When setting the CTCSS Tone Squelch Encoding, the current repeater shift direction will appear in this area. ˆ When controlling the optional rotator, the antenna direction will appear in this area during setup.

TO 1 ANT DC IN 2 FROM GND ROT LINEAR TUNER PTT REC REM KEY DMU CAT EXT SPKR -TUNE -TUNE INPUT 22 A : DC 13.8 V REAR PANEL ANT 1/2 Jacks Connect your main antenna(s) here, using a type-M (PL-259) connector and coaxial feed lines. The inter- nal antenna tuner affects only the antenna(s) connected here, and only during transmission. DC IN Jack This is the DC power supply connection for the trans- ceiver. Use the supplied DC cable to connect directly to a DC power supply, which must be capable of sup- plying at least 22 A @13.8 VDC. GND Use this terminal to connect the transceiver to a good earth ground, for safety and optimum performance. Use a large diameter, short braided cable for making ground connections, and please refer to page 9 for other notes about proper grounding. μ-TUNE Jacks These jacks are used to connect the optional RF μTun- ing Kit, signal in and signal out. ROT (ROTATOR) Jack This covered 6-pin MINI-DIN Jack accepts a cable to connect to a YAESU Antenna Rotator Control, G- 800DXA, 1000DXA, or 2800DXA (listed models are current as of middle 2007). You may control the an- tenna azimuth, rotation, and rotation speed, using the [BAND] buttons on the front panel. LINEAR Jack This 10-pin output jack provides band selection data, which may be used for control of optional accessories such as the VL-1000 Solid-state Linear Amplifier. Pinout is shown on page 15. TUNER Jack This 8-pin output jack is used for connection to the FC-40 External Automatic Antenna Tuner. Pinout is shown on page 15. RTTY/PKT Jack This 6-pin input/output jack accepts AFSK input from a Terminal Node Controller (TNC); it also provides fixed level (100-mV @600 Ohms) receiver audio out- put, and FSK keying line. Pinout is shown on page 15. PTT Jack This RCA input jack may be used to provide manual transmitter activation using a footswitch or other switching device. Its function is identical to the [MOX] button on the front panel. The same line is available at the RTTY/PKT jack for TNC control. Open-circuit voltage is +5 VDC, and closed-circuit current is 1 mA. REC Jack This RCA jack provides low-level receiver audio out- put and transmit (monitor) audio output (requires the [MONI] button is turned on), for recording or external amplification. Peak signal level is 30 mVp-p at 10 kOhms. REM (REMOTE) Jack By plugging in the optional FH-2 Remote Control Key- pad to this gold-plated jack, direct access to the FT- 950 CPU is provided for control functions such as con- test memory keying, plus frequency and function con- trol.

TO 1 ANT DC IN 2 FROM GND ROT LINEAR TUNER PTT REC REM KEY DMU CAT EXT SPKR -TUNE -TUNE INPUT 22 A : DC 13.8 V REAR PANEL EXT SPKR Jack This 3.5-mm, 2-contact, gold-plated jack provides vari- able audio output for an external loudspeaker. The au- dio output impedance at this jack is 4 - 8 Ohms, and the level varies according to the setting of the front panel [AF GAIN] knob. Inserting a plug into this jack disables the internal loudspeaker. KEY Jack This 1/4-inch 3-contact jack accepts a CW key or keyer paddle. A two-contact plug cannot be used in this jack. Key-up voltage is +3.3 V DC, and key-down current is 0.3 mA. Plug wiring is shown on page 15. This jack may be configured for keyer, “Bug”, “straight key”, or computer keying interface operation via Menu item “039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE”. μ-TUNE Jack This covered 10-pin mini-DIN jack is used for control of the optional RF μTuning Kit. DMU Jack This covered 8-pin mini-DIN jack accepts a cable to connect an optional DMU-2000 Data Management Unit. CAT Jack This 9-pin serial DB-9 jack allows external computer control of the FT-950. Connect a serial cable here and to the RS-232C COM port on your personal computer (no external interface is required). PGM-SW Switch This slide switch is used for updating the transceiver’s firmware. The update software and instructions are available for download from the Vertex Standard website (http://www.yaesu.com/).

Before turning on main power, please verify the following items once more. ˆ Have you made all ground connections securely? See page 9 for details. ˆ Do you have your antenna(s) connected to the rear-panel Antenna jack(s)? See page 10 for details. ˆ Is your microphone (and/or key or paddle) connected? See page 11 for details. ˆ If using a linear amplifier, have all interconnections been successfully completed? See page 13 for details. ˆ Please rotate the [AF GAIN] control to the fully counter-clockwise position, to avoid a loud blast of audio when the transceiver turns on. See page 23 for details. BASIC OPERATION:RECEIVING ON AMATEUR BANDS

1. Turn on the external DC power supply. 2. Press and hold in the front-panel [POWER] switch until the transceiver turns on. After about five seconds (ten seconds if the optional μ-Tuning Kit is connected), the transceiver is ready for full operation. 3. The transceiver will start up on 7.000.00 MHz LSB, and normal operation may begin. NOTE: To turn power off, press and hold in the front panel [POWER] switch for two seconds. 4. Rotate the [AF GAIN] knob to set a comfortable audio level on incoming signals or noise. Clockwise rotation of the [AF GAIN] knob increases the vol- ume level. NOTE: When using headphones, start by rotating the [AF GAIN] knob counter-clockwise, then bring the volume level up after you put the headphones on. This will minimize the chance of damage to your hearing caused by an unexpectedly high audio level. 5. Press the [(VFO-A)RX] Indicator/Switch to en- gage the VFO-A; the im- bedded LED will glow green. ADVICE: If you press the [(VFO- A)RX] Indicator/Switch when the imbedded LED is already glowing green, the LED will now blink “on” and “off”; this indicates that the VFO-A receiver is temporarily muted. Just press the [(VFO-A)RX] Indicator/Switch once more to re- store VFO-A receiver operation. 6. Press the [BAND] button corresponding to the Ama- teur band on which you wish to begin operation. ADVICE: ˆ One-touch selection of each Amateur band between 1.8 and 50 MHz is provided. ˆ The FT-950 utilizes a triple band-stack VFO se- lection technique, which permits you to store up to three favorite frequencies and modes onto each band’s VFO register. For example, you may store one frequency each on 14 MHz CW, RTTY, and USB, then recall these frequencies by successive, momentary presses of the [14] MHz band button. Each Amateur band button may similarly have up to three frequency/mode settings applied. ˆ When the [BAND] button is pressed, the imbed- ded LED will glow orange, and the [CLAR/VFO- B] knob may be used as a band selection knob. ˆ When the [MHz] button (located to the left of the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob), is pressed, the imbedded LED will glow orange, and then rotation of the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob will change the frequency in 1 MHz steps. 7. Press the [ANT 1-2] button to select the appropriate antenna for the band in use. Two TX/RX antennas may be used or one for TX and one RX-only antenna. ADVICE: When you make an antenna selection, that antenna is “remembered” by the microprocessor in conjunction with the VFO register in use. [POWER] Switch [VFO-A(RX)] Button [AF GAIN] Knob Main Tuning Dial Knob [BAND] Button BASIC OPERATION:RECEIVING ON AMATEUR BANDS Here is the typical start-up procedure for normal operation: [MODE] Button [ANT 1-2] Switch

8. Press the appropriate [MODE] button to select the de- sired operating mode. Pressing the [SSB] button toggles the LSB and USB mode, and also pressing the [AM/FM] button toggles the AM and FM mode. ADVICE: ˆ By convention in the Amateur bands, LSB is used on the 7 MHz and lower bands (with the exception of 60 meters), while USB is utilized on the 14 MHz and higher bands. ˆ When changing modes from SSB to CW, you will observe a frequency shift on the display. This shift represents the BFO offset between the “zero beat” frequency and the audible CW pitch (tone) you can hear (the pitch is programmed via the Menu item “045 A1A PITCH 045 A1A PITCH 045 A1A PITCH 045 A1A PITCH 045 A1A PITCH”), even though the actual tone that you hear is not changing. If you do not want this frequency shift to appear when changing modes from (for example) USB to CW, use the Menu item “047 A1A FRQDISP 047 A1A FRQDISP 047 A1A FRQDISP 047 A1A FRQDISP 047 A1A FRQDISP”, described on page 112. ˆ When operating on the FM mode, rotate the [SQL] (Squelch) knob clockwise to the point where the background noise is just silenced. This is the point of maximum sensitivity to weak signals. Excessive advancement of the [SQL] knob will degrade the ability of the receiver to detect weak signals. 9. Rotate the Main Tuning Dial knob to tune around the band, and begin normal operation. BASIC OPERATION:RECEIVING ON AMATEUR BANDS ADVICE: ˆ Clockwise rotation of the Main Tuning Dial knob increases the operating frequency, one “step” of the synthesizer at a time; similarly, counter-clockwise rotation of the Main Tuning Dial knob will decrease the frequency. Two settings, one “normal” and one “fast”, are available on each operating mode. Press- ing the [FAST] button engages the “Fast” tuning selection, see chart below. ˆ It is possible to set the frequency change over one dial rotation, separately for the CW mode, using the Menu items “084 TUN DIALSTP 084 TUN DIALSTP 084 TUN DIALSTP 084 TUN DIALSTP 084 TUN DIALSTP” and “085 085 085 085 085 TUN CW FINE TUN CW FINE TUN CW FINE TUN CW FINE TUN CW FINE”. See page 116. ˆ If you want to navigate rapidly, so as to effect rapid frequency change, there are several techniques available: y Direct keyboard entry of the frequency (see page 39). y Use the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to tune in 1 MHz steps (see page 39). y Use the microphone’s [UP]/[DWN] scanning keys, if your microphone is so equipped (see page 39). MAIN TUNING DIAL KNOB TUNING RATE OPERATING MODE 1 STEP 1 DIAL ROTATION NORMAL [FAST] NORMAL [FAST] LSB/USB/CW/AM/ 10 Hz 10 kHz RTTY/PKT(LSB) [100 Hz] [100 kHz] FM/PKT(FM) 100 Hz [1 kHz] 100 kHz [1 MHz] [ ] : [FAST] switch set to “ON”

OPERATION ON 60-METER (5 MHZ) BAND (U.S. VERSION ONLY) The FT-950 includes the capability for transmission and reception on the five spot frequencies assigned to the Amateur Service in the United States. To operate on the 5 MHz band: 1. Press the [V/M] button once to enter the “Memory” mode; the “ ” icon will appear in the display and a memory channel number will appear on the Multi-Dis- play Window in the display. ADVICE: If you can not enter the “Memory” mode, check to see if the transceiver is in VFO-B mode (the green [(VFO- B)RX] Indicator/Switch is illuminated). If so, press the [(VFO-A)RX] Indicator/Switch to return operation to VFO-A. Now, press the [V/M] button to enter the “Memory” mode. 2. Press the [MCH] button located on the bottom right of the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob. The LED imbedded in the button will glow orange to signify that rotation of the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob will allow selection of the memory channel. 3. Memory channels “US1 US1 US1 US1 US1” through “US5 US5 US5 US5 US5” are pre-pro- grammed, at the factory, with the permitted frequen- cies in the 5 MHz band, and the USB mode is auto- matically selected on these channels. 4. To exit from 60-meter operation and return to the VFO mode, just press the [V/M] button. NOTE: The frequencies and operating mode for 5 MHz band op- eration are fixed, and may not be changed. BASIC OPERATION:RECEIVING ON AMATEUR BANDS [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [VFO-B(RX)] Button [MCH] Button [V/M] Button [VFO-A(RX)] Button Main Tuning Dial Knob

CLAR (CLARIFIER) OPERATION (VFO-A) The [TX CLAR], [RX CLAR], [CLEAR] buttons and [CLAR/VFO-B] knob are used to offset the receive frequency, the transmit frequency, or both, from their settings on the VFO-A frequency (the Clarifier does not affect VFO-B). Four small numbers on the Multi-Display Window show the current Clarifier offset. The Clarifier controls on the FT-950 are designed to allow you to preset an offset (up to ±9.990 kHz) without actually retuning, and then to activate it via the Clarifier’s [RX CLAR] and [TX CLAR] buttons. This feature is ideal for following a drifting station, or for setting small frequency offsets sometimes utilized in DX “Split” work. Here is the technique for utilizing the Clarifier: 1. Press the [RX CLAR] button. In the Multi-Display Window, the “RX” notation will ap- pear, and the programmed offset will be applied to the receive frequency. 2. Rotation of the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob will allow you to modify your initial offset on the fly. Offsets of up to ±9.990 kHz may be set using the Clarifier. To cancel Clarifier operation, press the [RX CLAR] but- ton. The “RX” notation will disappear from the display. ADVICE: ˆ Turning the Clarifier off simply cancels the applica- tion of the programmed offset from the receive and/or the transmit frequencies. To clear the Clarifier offset, and reset it to “zero,” press the [CLEAR] button. The programmed offset is displayed in the small multi-channel window of the frequency display. ˆ You may also activate the clarifier on the VFO-B fre- quency. In this case, the offset frequency is set using the Main Tuning Dial knob, instead of the [CLAR/ VFO-B] knob (VFO-B operation is discussed on page 35). ˆ The Clarifier operation (including the offset frequency) will be memorized independently on each VFO stack of VFO-A and VFO-B. BASIC OPERATION:RECEIVING ON AMATEUR BANDS [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [RX CLAR] Button [TX CLAR] Button [CLEAR] Button The Tuning Offset Indicator provides a graphical representation of the Clarifier offset. In the factory default setting On CW, the Tuning Offset Indicator is used for CW Center Tuning, instead of Clarifier Offset. If you wish to change this so that the Clarifier Offset is also displayed on CW, use the following procedure: [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button 1. Press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “006 DISP BAR SEL 006 DISP BAR SEL 006 DISP BAR SEL 006 DISP BAR SEL 006 DISP BAR SEL”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to toggle the Menu item display between “006 DISP 006 DISP 006 DISP 006 DISP 006 DISP” and “BAR SEL BAR SEL BAR SEL BAR SEL BAR SEL”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select “CLAr CLAr CLAr CLAr CLAr (Clarifier)” (replacing the default “C-tn C-tn C-tn C-tn C-tn (CW TUN- ING)” selection). 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one sec- ond to save the new setting and exit to normal op- eration. (TX Frequency < RX Frequency) (TX Frequency = RX Frequency) (TX Frequency > RX Frequency) [SELECT] Knob TXCLAR Alternately, You may apply the Clarifier offset to the transmit frequency, without changing the receive frequency (typically, for “split” DX pile-ups). See page 68 for details. Multi-Display Window

BASIC OPERATION:RECEIVING ON AMATEUR BANDS LOCK You may lock the setting of the Main Tuning Dial knob (for VFO-A frequency tuning) and the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob (for VFO-B frequency tuning), to prevent accidental frequency change. To lock the Main Tuning Dial knob and the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob, press the [LOCK] but- ton that is located to the right of the Main Tuning Dial knob. To unlock the Dial setting, and restore normal tuning, press the [LOCK] button once more. DIMMER The illumination level of the display may be adjusted via Menu item “005 DISP DIM VFD 005 DISP DIM VFD 005 DISP DIM VFD 005 DISP DIM VFD 005 DISP DIM VFD”. To adjust the illumination level: 1. Press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “005 005 005 005 005 DISP DIM VFD DISP DIM VFD DISP DIM VFD DISP DIM VFD DISP DIM VFD”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to toggle the Menu item display between “005 DISP 005 DISP 005 DISP 005 DISP 005 DISP” and “DIM DIM DIM DIM DIM VFD VFD VFD VFD VFD”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the desired illumination level. 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new setting and exit to normal operation. [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob [LOCK] Button

USING THE VFO-B CONVENIENCE FEATURES VFO-B operates similar to VFO-A, which you should be familiar with by now. However, the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob, instead of the Main Tuning Dial knob selects the frequency for VFO-B (See box below for tuning rate). The two VFOs make simple transmit/receive split frequency operation possible. Use various combinations of the four VFO red and green transmit and receive switches to set up split fre- quency operation. The [SPLIT] button also sets up split frequency operation. See page 69 for details about Split- Frequency Operation The frequency and mode data can be transferred from VFO- A to VFO-B by pressing the [AXB] button, don’t forget that this will overwrite any settings that were in VFO-B previously. Also, the contents of the two VFOs can be swapped (with no loss of data) by pressing the [AX WB] button. Most of the interference reduction features, which are de- scribed later, can also be used on VFO-B. Two things you cannot do with VFO-B that you can do with VFO-A, are store the contents of VFO-B directly into a memory, and set the Clarifier offset. For these functions you need to swap the VFO-B with the VFO-A by pressing the [AX WB] button, then store the contents into the memory or set the Clarifier. [AX WB] Button [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [SPLIT] Button [AXB] Button Main Tuning Dial Knob [CLAR/VFO-B] KNOB TUNING RATE OPERATING MODE 1 STEP 1 DIAL ROTATION NORMAL [FAST] NORMAL [FAST] LSB/USB/CW/AM/ 10 Hz 2 kHz RTTY/PKT(LSB) [100 Hz] [20 kHz] FM/PKT(FM) 100 Hz [1 kHz] 20 kHz [200 kHz] [ ] : [FAST] switch set to “ON” ADVICE: It is possible to set the frequency change over one dial rotation, separately for the CW mode, using the Menu items “084 TUN DIALSTP 084 TUN DIALSTP 084 TUN DIALSTP 084 TUN DIALSTP 084 TUN DIALSTP” and “085 TUN CW FINE 085 TUN CW FINE 085 TUN CW FINE 085 TUN CW FINE 085 TUN CW FINE”. See page 116.

“MY BANDS” OPERATION When operating on an Amateur Band, it is possible to use the [BAND] button to engage the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob for Amateur band selection. The “My Bands” feature allows you to skip some Amateur bands, and make only your preferred bands available for selection via the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob. This feature can be very useful in a contest, where the 10/18/24 MHz bands are not used, or if you do not have antennas for some bands. CONVENIENCE FEATURES “My Bands” Setup 1. Press the [MENU] button to engage the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “090 090 090 090 090 TUN MY BAND TUN MY BAND TUN MY BAND TUN MY BAND TUN MY BAND”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob to toggle the Menu item display between “090 TUN 090 TUN 090 TUN 090 TUN 090 TUN” and “MY BAND MY BAND MY BAND MY BAND MY BAND”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to choose a band that you wish to omit (skip) from the band selection loop (when using the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob for band se- lection). The available choices are 1.8/3.5/5/7/10/14/ 18/21/24/28/50/GE (General Band). 4. Press the [ENT] button to set the command to ON. The “EEEEE” (Enable) notation at the right of the band no- tation will change to “ddddd” (disable). 5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 to select/deselect as many bands as you like. NOTE: The “ON” command sets the selected band to be skipped. The “OFF” command sets the selected band to be included in the band selection list. Change the “ddddd” notation to “EEEEE” to restore a previously deleted band to the band selection list. 6. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to lock in the new configuration and exit to normal operation. [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [BAND] Button ADVICE: The “My Band” feature affects both the VFO-A and VFO- B. “My Band” Operation 1. Press the [BAND] button at the left of the [CLAR/ VFO-B] knob; the imbedded LED will glow orange. 2. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to choose the Ama- teur band on which you wish to operate. Only those Amateur bands that have not been set to “skip” will appear as you scroll through the bands. To disable the “My Band” Operation, press the [BAND] button again; the imbedded orange LED goes out. ADVICE: The “My Band” feature affects both the VFO-A and VFO- B. 14 MHz 14 MHz 18 MHz 50 MHz 21 MHz 21 MHz 7 MHz 7 MHz 5 MHz 1.8 MHz 28 MHz 28 MHz 24 MHz 3.5 MHz 3.5 MHz 10 MHz 14 MHz 21 MHz 7 MHz 28 MHz 3.5 MHz

CONVENIENCE FEATURES BAND STACK OPERATION The FT-950 utilizes a triple band-stack VFO selection technique, that permits you to store up to three favorite frequencies and modes onto each band’s VFO register. For example, you may store one frequency each on 14 MHz CW, RTTY, and USB, then recall these VFOs by successive, momentary presses of the [14] MHz band button. Each Amateur band key may similarly have up to three frequency/mode settings applied. Both the VFO-A and VFO-B systems have their own, indepen- dent, band stacks. A typical setup, for the 14 MHz band, might be arranged like this: 1. Program 14.025 MHz, CW Mode, then press the [14] MHz band button; 2. Program 14.080 MHz, RTTY Mode, then press the [14] MHz band button; 3. Program 14.195 MHz, SSB Mode, then press the [14] MHz band button. With this configuration, successive momentary presses of the [14] MHz band button will allow you to step sequen- tially through these three VFOs. [BAND] Button C.S (CUSTOM SWITCH) The front panel [C.S] button may be programmed to directly access an often-used Menu Mode selection. C.S Setup 1. Press the [MENU] button to engage the Menu mode; the Menu list will appear on the display. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select the Menu item you want to access with the front panel [C.S] button. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob to toggle the Menu item display between “Menu item number and group” and “Menu Function”. 3. Press and hold in the [C.S] button for two seconds to lock in your selection. 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new configuration and exit to normal op- eration. Menu Selection Recall via [C.S] button Press the [C.S] button. The programmed Menu item will appear on the display. You may now rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to change the setting of this menu item. Press and hold the [MENU] button for one second, when you are done, to save the new configuration and exit to normal operation. [MENU] Button [C.S] Button [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [SELECT] Knob [MENU] Button [C.S] Button

ROTATOR CONTROL FUNCTIONS When using a YAESU model G-800DXA, G-1000DXA, or G-2800DXA rotator (not supplied), it is possible to control it from the front panel of the FT-950. 1. Press and hold in the [ENT] button (one of the [BAND] key switches) for one second. The Frequency Display area will change over to the “Rotator Control” con- figuration. 2. Press either the [3.5(2)] button or the [7(3)] button to rotate the antenna. Pressing the [3.5(2)] button will cause rotation to the left (counter-clockwise) by two degree steps, while pressing the [7(3)] button will cause rotation to the right (clockwise) by two degree steps. 3. Press the [14(5)] button or the [18(6)] button to con- trol the speed of rotation. Pressing the [14(5)] button will cause slower rotation, while pressing the [18(6)] button will speed up rotation. Usually, you will be us- ing the “100%” speed setting. When you are through exercising rotator control, press the [ENT] button momentarily. The Frequency Display will return to the main display field. IMPORTANT NOTE ˆ Set the starting point to match your rotator con- trol indicator needle via the Menu item “011 011 011 011 011 DISP RTR STU DISP RTR STU DISP RTR STU DISP RTR STU DISP RTR STU”. The default setting is zero (north). If your controller starting point is south, the Menu item “011 DISP RTR STU 011 DISP RTR STU 011 DISP RTR STU 011 DISP RTR STU 011 DISP RTR STU” must be set to “180 180 180 180 180”. If not set properly the FT-950 display will not show the correct direction. ˆ When the rotator control indicator needle does not indicate the precise antenna direction, cali- brate the indicator needle precisely to the an- tenna direction via the Menu item “012 DISP 012 DISP 012 DISP 012 DISP 012 DISP RTR ADJ RTR ADJ RTR ADJ RTR ADJ RTR ADJ”. CONVENIENCE FEATURES TO 1 ANT DC IN 2 FROM GND ROT LINEAR TUNER PTT REC REM KEY DMU CAT EXT SPKR -TUNE -TUNE INPUT 22 A : DC 13.8 V ANT 1 ANT 2 EXT CONTROL REMOTE CONTROL ROT EXT CONTROL SELECT SWITCH PRESET ADJ OPERATION MODE ADJ. MODE FULL SCALE ADJ OVERLAP LED ADJ OUT VOL ADJ A B OPTIONAL CONNECTION CABLE ( ) T9101556 [3.5(2)], [7(3)] Button [14(5)], [18(6)] Button [ENT] Button Counter-clockwise Rotation Clockwise Rotation Speed Down Speed Up Speed (0 % ~ 100 %) Direction (0° ~ 360°) “Overlap” Indicator Remove the rubber cap first, and then connect the plug.

MORE FREQUENCY NAVIGATION TECHNIQUES Keyboard Frequency Entry You may enter operating frequencies directly into the cur- rent VFO, using the front panel [BAND] key buttons. Example: Enter 14.250.00 MHz 1. Press the [ENT] button to engage the direct frequency entry process. Now, begin- ning with the first digit of the frequency (the leftmost digit), we will enter the required digits of the frequency. 2. Press, in order, the digits of the operating frequency, using the [BAND] buttons (the frequency entry digit or decimal point is printed on the right side of the but- tons). In this example, enter [1.8(1)] Æ [10(4)] Æ [GEN(.)] Æ [3.5(2)] Æ [14(5)] Æ [50(0)] Æ [50(0)] Æ [50(0)] Æ [50(0)] The decimal point after the “MHz” portion of the fre- quency must be entered, but no decimal point is re- quired after the “kHz” portion. 3. Press the [ENT] button once more. A short “beep” will confirm that the frequency entry was successful, and the new operating frequency will appear on the dis- play. ADVICE: If you attempt to enter a frequency outside the operat- ing range of 30 kHz ~ 56 MHz, the microprocessor will ignore the attempt, and you will be returned to your previous operating frequency. If this happens, please try again, taking care not to repeat the error in the frequency entry process. Using the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob You may change the current VFO frequency in 1 MHz steps. Press the [MHz] button located at the bottom and left of the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob. The 1 MHz steps will be ap- plied to the current VFO fre- quency. The imbedded LED in the [MHz] button will glow orange in the latter case. When tuning in 1 MHz steps, clockwise rotation of the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob will increase the frequency, while counter-clockwise rotation will decrease the frequency. Using the [UP]/[DWN] buttons of the supplied MH-31B8 Hand Microphone The [UP]/[DWN] buttons on the supplied MH-31B8 Hand Micro- phone may also be used to manually scan the frequency up- ward or downward. The microphone’s [UP]/[DWN] buttons utilize the tuning steps of the Main Tuning Dial knob. When the microphone’s [FST] button is pressed, the tuning rate increases by a factor of ten, in a manner similar to the transceiver front panel [FST] button. ADVICE: You may independently set the tuning steps of the [UP]/[DWN] buttons in the AM and FM modes. To set new tuning steps, use Menu items “087 087 087 087 087 TUN AM STEP TUN AM STEP TUN AM STEP TUN AM STEP TUN AM STEP” and “088 TUN FM STEP 088 TUN FM STEP 088 TUN FM STEP 088 TUN FM STEP 088 TUN FM STEP”. CONVENIENCE FEATURES DYNAMIC MICROPHONE MH-31 DWN FST UP [DWN] Button [FST] Button [UP] Button

RECEIVER OPERATION (FRONT END BLOCK DIAGRAM) The FT-950 includes a wide range of special features to suppress the many types of interference that may be encountered on the HF bands. However, real world interference conditions are constantly changing, so optimum setting of the controls is somewhat of an art, requiring familiarity with the types of interference and the subtle effects of some of the controls. Therefore, the following information is provided as a general guideline for typical situations, and a starting point for your own experimentation. The FT-950’s interference-fighting circuitry begins in its “RF” stages, and continues throughout the entire receiver section. FT-950 allows configuration of the features described below. R. FLT (IF Roofing Filters) (SEE PAGE 45) Three Roofing filters, of 15 kHz, 6 kHz, and 3 kHz band- widths, are provided in the 69 MHz First IF, right after the first mixer. These filters are automatically selected to pro- vide narrow-band selectivity to protect the following IF and DSP stages. The automatically selected filter, may be manually changed by the operator, if desired, for special operating circumstances. CONTOUR Filter (SEE PAGE 47) The DSP Contour filter has the unique ability to provide either a null or a peak in tunable segments of the receiver passband. You may suppress interference and excessive frequency components on an incoming signal, or you may peak those tunable frequency segments. The level of the null or peak, and the bandwidth, over which it is applied, are adjustable via the Menu. IF SHIFT (SEE PAGE 48) The passband center frequency of the IF DSP filter may be moved up or down by adjusting this control. IF WIDTH (SEE PAGE 49) The width of the IF DSP filtering may be adjusted using this control. IF NOTCH (SEE PAGE 51) The IF Notch filter is a high-Q notch filter that can signifi- cantly reduce, if not eliminate, an interfering carrier. DNF (Digital Notch filter) (SEE PAGE 52) When multiple interfering carriers are encountered during reception, the Digital Notch Filter can significantly reduce the level of these signals. DNR (Digital Noise Reduction) (SEE PAGE 52) The DSP’s Digital Noise Reduction (DNR) feature uti- lizes 15 different mathematical algorithms to analyze and suppress different noise profiles encountered on the HF/ 50 MHz bands. Choose the selection that provides the best noise suppression, and allows the signal to rise up out of the noise. AGC (SEE PAGE 55) The AGC system is highly adaptable to changing signal and fading characteristics, making reception possible un- der the most difficult conditions. INTERFERENCE REJECTION

ATT When extremely strong local signals or high noise, still degrades reception, you can use the [ATT] button to insert 6, 12, or 18-dB of RF attenuation in front of the RF amplifier. 1. Press the [ATT] button several times to set the desired attenuation level, per the chart below. : Attenuator is Off : The incoming signal power is reduced by 6 dB (Signal voltage reduced by 1/2) : The incoming signal power is reduced by 12 dB (Signal voltage reduced to 1/4) : The incoming signal power is reduced by 18 dB (Signal voltage reduced to 1/8th) The selected attenuation level will be indicated in the ATT column of the Block Diagram Display on the dis- play. 2. To restore full signal strength through the Attenuator circuit area, press the [ATT] button to restore the ATT display to the “OFF” position. Block Diagram Display ADVICE: ˆ The attenuator selection will be memorized independently on each VFO stack of the VFO-A and VFO-B. ˆ If background noise causes the S-meter to deflect on clear frequencies, press the [ATT] button until the S-meter drops to about “S-1”. This setting optimizes the trade-offs between sensitivity, noise, and interference immunity. Also, once you have tuned in a station you want to work, you may want to reduce sensitivity further (add more attenuation) by pressing the [ATT] button to a higher setting. This reduces the strength of all signals (and noise) and can make reception more comfortable, important especially during long QSOs. When looking for weak signals on a quiet band, you will want maximum sensitivity, so the IPO should be disabled and the [ATT] button should be set to “OFF.” This situation is typical during quiet times on frequencies above 21 MHz, and when using a small or negative-gain receiving antenna on other bands. INTERFERENCE REJECTION [ATT] Button BLOCK DIAGRAM DISPLAY

μ-TUNE FILTER (REQUIRES THE OPTIONAL RF μTUNING KIT) The RF μTuning Kit provides ultra-sharp RF selectivity for the front end of the transceiver. Very high Q is made possible by the narrow-band design. Three RF μTuning Kits are available. The MTU-160 covers the 1.8 MHz band. The MTU-80/ 40 covers the 3.5 and 7 MHz bands. The MTU-30/20 covers 10.1 and 14 MHz bands. When any (or all) of the three optional units are connected, they will be automatically adjusted to center on your operating frequency. The narrow bandwidth is especially useful on the low bands, when many strong signals are being received via NVIS propagation (Near Vertical-Incidence Signals) within a narrow bandwidth. The added protection for the RF stage is espe- cially helpful in preventing IMD and blocking. μ-Tune Operation 1. Press the [μ-TUNE] button to activate the μ-Tune fil- ter. The LED inside the [μ-TUNE] button glows or- ange. The [SELECT] knob works as the μ-TUNING knob. ADVICE: ˆ The tuning position of the μ-Tune filter will appear in the Tuning Offset Indicator on the display for three seconds, and the “ ” icon will be indi- cated in the FLT column of the Block Diagram Dis- play on the display. INTERFERENCE REJECTION [μ-TUNE] Button [SELECT] Knob Tuning Offset Indicator [CLEAR] Button BLOCK DIAGRAM DISPLAY ˆ The μ-Tune circuit will automatically align itself onto your operating frequency. ˆ Remember that μ-Tune only operates on the 14 MHz and lower bands. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to peak the response (back- ground noise) or reduce interference. ADVICE: ˆ You may observe the relative peak point of the μ- Tune filter in the Tuning Offset Indicator on the display, while tuning the [SELECT] knob. ˆ The amount of change in the center frequency of the μ-Tune filter, when rotating the [SELECT] knob by one click, can be configured using Menu item “032 GENE μT DIAL 032 GENE μT DIAL 032 GENE μT DIAL 032 GENE μT DIAL 032 GENE μT DIAL”. ˆ If you have performed manual adjustment of the μ- Tune filter center frequency, you may press the [CLEAR] button to re-center the filter response on your current operating frequency. 3. Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to disengage the μ-Tune filter; the “ ” icon will be changed to “ ” in the FLT column of the Block Diagram Dis- play on the display. In this mode, only the fixed bandpass filter for the current band will be engaged. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob (momentarily) once more, the μ-Tune filter is activated again. TUNING OFFSET INDICATOR Block Diagram Display ADVICE: ˆ The μ-Tune Filter selection will be memorized inde- pendently on each VFO stack of the VFO-A and VFO- B. ˆ You may change the indication of the Tuning Offset Indicator to display the center frequency of the μ-Tune filter continuously while the μ-Tune filter is activated. This is Menu item “006 DISP BARSEL 006 DISP BARSEL 006 DISP BARSEL 006 DISP BARSEL 006 DISP BARSEL”. See Box on the next page for details of the setting.

ADVICE: ˆ The μ-Tune filters are the most advanced, selective RF preselector filters ever incorporated into an Amateur Radio transceiver. The RF selectivity provided by μ-Tune can be of tremendous value in ensuring quiet, intermod-free recep- tion even in the most crowded bands on a contest weekend. The μ-Tune filters provide RF selectivity on the order of a few dozen kHz at -6 dB, at the expense of a few dB of system gain on bands where noise figure is seldom an issue. You will notice that the S-meter deflection, when μ-Tune is engaged, is slightly less than when it is out of the circuit; this is normal. If your antenna system gain is so low that you cannot hear the band noise when μ-Tune is engaged (highly unlikely), just switch it out, to eliminate the slight insertion loss. ˆ As you tune around on an amateur band with μ-Tune engaged, the microprocessor automatically commands the stepper motor driving the toroid core stack to center the filter on your current operating frequency. You may, however, use the [SELECT(μ-TUNE)] knob to skew the filter response to one side or the other from your operating frequency, to deal with heavy interference on one side. To re-center the μ-Tune filter on your operating frequency, and eliminate any offset, press the [CLEAR] button. QUICK NOTE: The permeability-tuning concept utilized in the μ-Tune circuit dates back many decades, as it was incorporated in such classic transceivers as the FT-101, the FT-901 series, the FTDX400, and similar models. The μ-Tuning Kit uses the same circuit as our flag ship model the FTDX9000, which is the highest development of this circuit concept ever employed in an Amateur transceiver. INTERFERENCE REJECTION μ-TUNE FILTER (REQUIRES THE OPTIONAL RF μTUNING KIT) Changing the Tuning Offset Indicator 1. Press the [MENU] button to engage the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “006 DISP BARSEL 006 DISP BARSEL 006 DISP BARSEL 006 DISP BARSEL 006 DISP BARSEL”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob to toggle the Menu item display between “006 DISP 006 DISP 006 DISP 006 DISP 006 DISP” and “BARSEL BARSEL BARSEL BARSEL BARSEL”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select “u-tn u-tn u-tn u-tn u-tn (μ-Tune)” (replacing the default “C-tn C-tn C-tn C-tn C-tn (CW TUN- ING)” selection). 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one sec- ond to lock in the new setting and exit to normal operation. [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob

IPO (INTERCEPT POINT OPTIMIZATION) The IPO feature allows the operator to optimize the characteristics of the receiver front end, depending on the current noise level and the strength of incoming signals. INTERFERENCE REJECTION Press the [IPO] button several times to set the desired char- acteristic of the receiver front end, according to the chart below. : Amplifies the incoming signals, using a low distortion RF preamplifier (gain: approx. 10 dB). : Amplifies the incoming signals, using a 2-stage low-distortion RF preamplifier (total gain: approx. 17 dB). : Bypasses the RF preamplifier, yielding direct feed to the first mixer. The selected receiver RF preamplifier will be indicated in the IPO column of the Block Diagram Display on the dis- play. ADVICE: ˆ The IPO selection will be memorized independently on each VFO stack of VFO-A and VFO-B. ˆ On the 10 MHz and lower bands, it generally is not necessary to use any preamplifier at all; selecting the “IPO ON” position as described above will increase the strong-signal-handling capability of the receiver, and generally will result in more pleasant reception due to reduced noise. If you can hear band noise with the preamplifiers disengaged, then a preamplifier is gen- erally not needed. NOTE: The IPO feature is always on “IPO ON” (No RF pream- plifier) between 30 kHz and 1.7 MHz. BLOCK DIAGRAM DISPLAY Block Diagram Display [IPO] Button AMP1 AMP AMP AMP2 ON

R.FLT (ROOFING FILTERS) Narrow-band Roofing Filters of 15 kHz, 6 kHz, and 3 kHz bandwidths are provided in the first IF, right after the first mixer. These filters provide protection for the 2nd mixer, DSP, and other circuitry that follow and can dramatically improve reception on a very crowded band (during a contest, etc.). Typically, the AUTO selection mode is satisfactory for most operating situations, but in an extremely crowded phone band you may wish to select, for example, the 3 kHz roofing filter for SSB operation. INTERFERENCE REJECTION Press the [R.FLT] button to toggle the Roofing Filter se- lection. AUTO AUTO AUTO AUTO AUTO Æ 15 kHz 15 kHz 15 kHz 15 kHz 15 kHz Æ 6 kHz 6 kHz 6 kHz 6 kHz 6 kHz Æ 3 kHz 3 kHz 3 kHz 3 kHz 3 kHz Æ AUTO AUTO AUTO AUTO AUTO ..... ADVICE: ˆ As you repeatedly press the [R.FLT] button, you will observe changes in the notation in the R.FLT column of the Block Diagram Display on the display, denoting the Roofing Filter currently in use. ˆ Typically, this selection will be set to “AUTO.” ˆ The Roofing Filter selection will be memorized inde- pendently on each VFO stack of VFO-A and VFO-B. QUICK POINT: ˆ The “AUTO” selection of the Roofing Filter is based on the operating mode. However, you may override the automatic selection, if band conditions warrant a different (usually, a tighter) selection. ˆ The AUTO mode Roofing Filter selections are shown below: BLOCK DIAGRAM DISPLAY Block Diagram Display [R.FLT] Button TERMINOLOGY: A “Roofing Filter,” as its name implies, places a “Roof” over the receiver’s IF system bandwidth. This “Roof” pro- tects the circuitry downstream from the first mixer from interference, just as a roof on a house protects the contents from rain and snow. OPERATING MODE AM/FM/FM-PKT LSB/USB/PKT CW/RTTY “AMP 1” 15 kHz 6 kHz 3 kHz “AMP 2” 15 kHz 15 kHz 15 kHz “ON” 15 kHz 6 kHz 3 kHz IPO SWITCH ˆ When the Roofing filter mode is set to “AUTO” and the Noise Blanker is turned On, the Roofing Filter band- width will automatically be set to 15 kHz, as this set- ting provides the most effective noise blanking. How- ever, you still may override the automatic setting, and select a narrower Roofing Filter. Noise blanking may be compromised, however, with a tighter Roofing Fil- ter in the line.

IF NOISE BLANKER (NB) OPERATION The FT-950 includes an effective IF Noise Blanker, which can significantly reduce noise caused by automotive ignition systems. INTERFERENCE REJECTION 1. Press the [NB] button momentarily to reduce short duration pulse noise such as from switching transients, automobile ignitions and power lines. The “ ” icon will appear in the display to confirm that the Narrow- NB is operating. Press and hold in the [NB] button for two seconds to reduce longer-duration man-made pulse noise. The “ ” icon will blink for three seconds, and thereafter will appear continuously, to confirm that the Wide-NB is operating. 2. If desired, you may adjust the Noise Blanker level via Menu item “067 RGEN NB 1 LVL 067 RGEN NB 1 LVL 067 RGEN NB 1 LVL 067 RGEN NB 1 LVL 067 RGEN NB 1 LVL” (for short-dura- tion pulse noise) or “068 RGEN NB 2 LVL 068 RGEN NB 2 LVL 068 RGEN NB 2 LVL 068 RGEN NB 2 LVL 068 RGEN NB 2 LVL” (for longer duration pulse noise) to the point where the offending noise is best reduced or eliminated. See box below for details. 3. To end Noise Blanker operation, press the [NB] but- ton once more. The “ ” icon will turn off, confirm- ing that the Noise Blanker is no longer in operation. ADVICE: ˆ The Noise Blanker operation will be memorized inde- pendently on each VFO stack of VFO-A and VFO-B. However, the Noise Blanker level is in common. ˆ When the Roofing filter mode is set to “AUTO” and the Noise Blanker is turned “ON”, the Roofing Filter bandwidth will automatically be set to “15 kHz”. The Roofing Filter may be changed to a narrower selec- tion, as described previously, although Noise Blanker operation may be compromised somewhat when using a narrower Roofing Filter. [NB] Button Adjusting the Noise Blanker Level 1. Press the [MENU] button to engage the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “067 RGEN NB 1 LVL 067 RGEN NB 1 LVL 067 RGEN NB 1 LVL 067 RGEN NB 1 LVL 067 RGEN NB 1 LVL” (for short-duration pulse noise) or “068 RGEN NB 2 LVL 068 RGEN NB 2 LVL 068 RGEN NB 2 LVL 068 RGEN NB 2 LVL 068 RGEN NB 2 LVL” (for longer-du- ration pulse noise). ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob to toggle the display between “Menu Number & Menu Group Name” and “Menu Item”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to the point where the offending noise is best reduced or eliminated. 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one sec- ond to lock in the new setting and exit to normal operation. [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob

CONTOUR CONTROL OPERATION The Contour filtering system provides a gentle perturbation of the IF filter passband. The Contour is set to either suppress, or boost specific frequency components, and thus enhance the sound and readability of a received signal. INTERFERENCE REJECTION 1. Press the [CONT] button to activate the Contour fil- ter. The LED inside the [CONT] button glows orange and the current “null” (or “peak”) position of the Con- tour filter will appear in the CONTOUR indicator on the display. The [SELECT] knob will now function as the Contour knob. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to achieve the most natu- ral-sounding audio reproduction on the incoming sig- nal. 3. Press the [CLEAR] button to move the “null” (or “peak”) position to center. 4. To cancel Contour tuning, press the [SELECT] but- ton momentarily. The graphic disappears from the CONTOUR indicator on the display, confirming that the Contour filter is no longer in operation. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob (momentarily) once more, the Contour filter is activated again. ADVICE: ˆ The Contour filter selection will be memorized inde- pendently on each VFO stack of VFO-A and VFO-B. ˆ The Contour filter level (either a null or a peak) may be adjusted using Menu item “069 RGEN CNTR LV 069 RGEN CNTR LV 069 RGEN CNTR LV 069 RGEN CNTR LV 069 RGEN CNTR LV”. The factory default setting is for a null of –15 (dB). ˆ The bandwidth over which the Contour filter effect is applied may be adjusted using Menu item “070 RGEN 070 RGEN 070 RGEN 070 RGEN 070 RGEN CNTR WI CNTR WI CNTR WI CNTR WI CNTR WI”. The factory default setting is 10. ˆ When the optional DMU-2000 Data Management Unit is connected, the Audio Scope (on the “Oscilloscope” page) is particularly useful when adjusting the Con- tour control. Not only can you see the effect of the null/peak of the Contour system, but you also can see the position of the null/peak with respect to frequency components of interest on the incoming signal. You may then observe (on the Audio Scope) the effect of the Contour control while listening to the effect on the signal, and this will help build your intuition on how best to use Contour tuning in the future. Refer to Figure “B”, this illustrates an “indenta- tion” of the Contour filter in the center of the pass- band. The Contour filter is placing a low-Q “notch” (per the setting of Menu item “069 RGEN CNTR 069 RGEN CNTR 069 RGEN CNTR 069 RGEN CNTR 069 RGEN CNTR LV LV LV LV LV”, referenced above) in the passband. Counter- clockwise rotation (to the left) of the [SELECT] knob causes the notch to move towered a lower frequency within the passband, while clockwise ro- tation (to the right) causes the notch to move to- ward a higher frequency within the passband. By removing interference or unwanted frequency com- ponents of the incoming signal, it is possible to make the desired signal rise out of the background noise/interference, enhancing intelligibility. QUICK POINT: The steep slopes of the DSP filtering, when adjusted aggressively, can impart an unnatural sound to an incoming signal. Often, a narrow bandwidth is not the key to improving copy; the incoming signal itself may have undesirable or excessive frequency components, especially in the low frequency range around 100-400 Hz. By judicious use of the Contour filter, the “shoulder” of the passband response may be altered, or components may be removed from within the passband, allowing the desired signal to rise above the background noise and interference in a manner not obtainable with other filtering systems. [CONT] Button [SELECT] Knob CONTOUR Indicator [CLEAR] Button CONTOUR GAIN “NULL” CONTOUR GAIN “PEAK” IF BANDWIDTH IF BANDWIDTH IF BANDWIDTH A B C

INTERFERENCE REJECTION IF SHIFT OPERATION (SSB/CW/RTTY/PKT/AM MODES) IF SHIFT allows you to move the DSP filter passband higher or lower, without changing the pitch of the incoming signal, and thus reduce or eliminate interference. Because the carrier tuning frequency is not varied, there is no need to re-tune the operating frequency to eliminate the interference. The total passband tuning range for the IF SHIFT system is ±1 kHz. 1. Press the [SHIFT] button. The LED inside the [SHIFT] button glows orange. The [SELECT] knob functions as the IF SHIFT knob. The center position of the IF passband appears in the SHIFT indicator on the dis- play. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to the left or right to re- duce the interference. 3. Press the [CLEAR] button to move the filter passband to center. ADVICE: The center position of the IF passband will be memorized independently on each VFO stack of VFO-A and VFO-B. Referring to Figure “A”, note the depiction of the IF DSP filter as the thick line, with the [SELECT(SHIFT)] knob in the 12 o’clock posi- tion. In Figure “B”, an interfering signal has ap- peared inside the original passband. In Figure “C”, you can see the effect of rotating the [SELECT(SHIFT)] knob. The interference level is reduced by moving the filter passband so that the interference is outside of the passband. [SHIFT] Button [SELECT] Knob SHIFT Indicator [CLEAR] Button IF BANDWIDTH IF BANDWIDTH IF BANDWIDTH Desired Signal Desired Signal Desired Signal QRM QRM A B C

INTERFERENCE REJECTION WIDTH (IF DSP BANDWIDTH) TUNING (SSB/CW/RTTY/PKT MODES) The IF WIDTH tuning system allows you to vary the width of the DSP IF passband, to reduce or eliminate interference. Moreover, the bandwidth may actually be expanded from its default setting, should you wish to enhance incoming signal fidelity when interference on the band is low. 1. Press the [WIDTH] button. The LED inside the [WIDTH] button glows orange. The [SELECT] knob functions as the WITDH knob. The current bandwidth appears in the WIDTH indicator on the display. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to the left or right to re- duce the interference. 3. Press the [CLEAR] button to set the bandwidth to de- fault. Using IF SHIFT and WIDTH Together The IF SHIFT and Variable IF WIDTH features together form a very effective interference-fight- ing filtering system. For example, in Figure “A”, you can see how inter- ference has appeared both on the high and low sides of the desired signal. Press the [WIDTH] button then rotate the [SELECT(WIDTH)] knob, the in- terference from one side can be eliminated (Figure “B”). Next, press the [SHIFT] button and rotate the [SELECT(SHIFT)] knob to re-positioning the passband (Figure “C”), the interference on the op- posite side can be removed, without re-introduc- ing the interference previously eliminated in Fig- ure “B”. The default bandwidths, and total bandwidth ad- justment range, will vary according to the operat- ing mode: SSB Mode: 1.8 kHz ~ 3.0 kHz (default: 2.4 kHz). CW Mode: 500 Hz ~ 2.4 kHz (default: 2.4 kHz) RTTY/PKT Modes: 500 Hz ~ 2.4 kHz (default: 500 Hz) [WIDTH] Button [SELECT] Knob WIDTH Indicator [CLEAR] Button A B C ADVICE: The IF Bandwidth will be memorized independently on each VFO stack of VFO-A and VFO-B. Referring to Figure “B”, you can see the default bandwidth on the SSB mode by pressing the [CLEAR] button. By rotating the [SELECT(WIDTH)] knob to the left, the bandwidth will narrow (see Figure “A”, while rotation of the [SELECT(WIDTH)] knob to the right, as depicted in Figure “C”, will increase the bandwidth. ADVICE: For best interference reduction, the WIDTH and SHIFT features are the primary tools you should use. After narrowing the bandwidth (WIDTH) and/ or adjusting the center of the passband (SHIFT). The Contour control may then yield additional sig- nal-enhancement benefits on the net residual band- width. Even more, the IF NOTCH Filter (described later) may also be used, in conjunction with these filter systems, to significant advantage. A B C IF BANDWIDTH IF BANDWIDTH IF BANDWIDTH Desired Signal Desired Signal Desired Signal QRM QRM QRM QRM QRM QRM IF BANDWIDTH IF BANDWIDTH IF BANDWIDTH

INTERFERENCE REJECTION NARROW (NAR) ONE-TOUCH IF FILTER SELECTION Pressing the [NAR] button provides one-touch, mode-specific, selection of a narrow IF DSP filter setting that does not require resetting the [SELECT(WIDTH)] knob. Pressing the [NAR] button once more returns the band- width control to the WITDH/SHIFT system. The factory default bandwidths are: Ú: Depends on the [WIDTH] knob ( ): Default Bandwidth OPERATING MODE SSB CW RTTY/PKT-L/PKT-U PKT-FM AM FM (28/50 MHz Bands) “ON” 200 Hz ~ 1.8 kHzÚ (1.8 kHz) 100 ~ 500 HzÚ (500 Hz) 100 ~ 300 HzÚ (300 Hz) 9 kHz 6 kHz 9 kHz “OFF” 1.8 ~ 3.0 kHzÚ (2.4 kHz) 500 Hz ~ 2.4 kHzÚ (2.4 kHz) 500 Hz ~ 2.4 kHzÚ (500 Hz) 16 kHz 9 kHz 16 kHz [NAR] SWITCH [WIDTH] Button [SELECT] Knob WIDTH Indicator [NAR] Button ADVICE: ˆ When the narrow bandwidth is selected, the “ ” icon will appear in the display. ˆ Even if the [NAR] button has been pressed to engage the narrow filter, you may adjust the narrow IF band- width by rotating the [SELECT(WIDTH)] knob (re- quires pressing the [WIDTH] button). The IF SHIFT still is operational (requires pressing the [SHIFT] but- ton). For many applications, you may find that simply pressing the [NAR] button instead of adjustment of the [SELECT(WIDTH)] knob, may be satisfactory for interference reduction. ˆ When you press the [NAR] button in the FM mode, both transmit and receive bandwidths are narrowed.

INTERFERENCE REJECTION IF NOTCH FILTER OPERATION (SSB/CW/RTTY/PKT/AM MODES) The IF NOTCH filter is a highly effective system that allows you to slice out an interfering beat note or other carrier signal from inside the receiver passband. 1. Press the [NOTCH] button to activate the Notch filter. The LED inside the [NOTCH] button glows orange and the current “null” position of the NOTCH filter will appear in the NOTCH indicator on the display. The [SELECT] knob functions as the Notch adjust- ment knob. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to adjust the “null” posi- tion of the Notch filter. 3. Press the [CLEAR] button to move the “null” position to center. 4. To cancel the NOTCH filter, press the [SELECT] knob momentarily. The graphic disappears from the NOTCH indicator on the display, confirming that the NOTCH filter is no longer operation. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob (momentarily) once more, the NOTCH filter is activated again. ADVICE: ˆ The IF NOTCH Filter selection will be memorized independently on each VFO stack of VFO-A and VFO- B. ˆ When the optional DMU-2000 Data Management Unit is connected, the effect of the IF NOTCH filter may be observed on the Audio Scope (on the “Oscilloscope” page). The Notch will be observed as a “dip” in the noise platform observed. What’s more, the “Waterfall” display may be used to observe the effect of the IF NOTCH filter, which will appear as a white area in the colored background area. [NOTCH] Button [SELECT] Knob NOTCH Indicator [CLEAR] Button The performance of the IF NOTCH filter is shown in Figure “A”, where the effect of rotation of the [SELECT(NOTCH)] knob is depicted. In Figure “B” you can see the notching effect of the IF N O T C H f i l t e r a s y o u r o t a t e t h e [SELECT(NOTCH)] knob to eliminate the incom- ing interference. IF BANDWIDTH QRM (Heterodyne) QRM (Heterodyne) IF BANDWIDTH Desired Signal Desired Signal A B

DIGITAL NOTCH FILTER (DNF) OPERATION The Digital NOTCH Filter (DNF) is an effective beat-canceling filter that can null out a number of interfering beat notes inside the receiver passband. Because this is an Auto-Notch feature, there is no adjustment knob associated with this filter. ADVICE: If a very strong interfering carrier is encountered, we recommend you first use the IF NOTCH filter, as it is the most effective notching tool in the receiver section. 1. Press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “071 071 071 071 071 RGEN DNF RGEN DNF RGEN DNF RGEN DNF RGEN DNF”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob to toggle the Menu item display between “071 RGEN 071 RGEN 071 RGEN 071 RGEN 071 RGEN” and “DNF DNF DNF DNF DNF”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select “ON ON ON ON ON”. The “ ” icon will appear in the display. 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new setting and exit to normal operation. To disable the Digital NOTCH Filter, just repeat the above procedure, rotating the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select “OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF” in step 3 above. The “ ” icon will turn off, con- firming that the Digital NOTCH Filter is not active. ADVICE: The Digital NOTCH Filter selection will be memorized independently on each VFO stack of VFO-A and VFO-B. DIGITAL NOISE REDUCTION (DNR) OPERATION The Digital Noise Reduction (DNR) system is designed to reduce the level of random noise found on the HF and 50 MHz bands, and it is especially effective during SSB operation. By setting the Menu item “072 RGEN DNR 072 RGEN DNR 072 RGEN DNR 072 RGEN DNR 072 RGEN DNR”, any of 15 different noise-reduction algorithms can be selected; each of these algorithms was created for dealing with a different noise profile, and you will want to experiment with the DNR system to find the best setting according to the noise currently being experienced. 1. Press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “072 072 072 072 072 RGEN DNR RGEN DNR RGEN DNR RGEN DNR RGEN DNR”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to toggle the Menu item display between “072 RGEN 072 RGEN 072 RGEN 072 RGEN 072 RGEN” and “DNR DNR DNR DNR DNR”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the setting that most effectively reduces the noise level. The “ ” icon will appear in the display. 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new setting and exit to normal operation. To disable the DNR system, just repeat the above proce- dure, rotating the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select “OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF” in step 3 above. The “ ” icon will turn off, confirming that the DNR system is not active. ADVICE: The Digital Noise Reduction will be memorized indepen- dently on each VFO stack of VFO-A and VFO-B. [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob INTERFERENCE REJECTION

RF GAIN (SSB/CW/AM MODES) The RF Gain control provides manual adjustment of the gain levels for the receiver RF and IF stages, to account for noise and signal strength conditions at the moment. 1. The [RF GAIN] knob should, initially, be rotated to the fully clockwise position. This is the point of maxi- mum sensitivity. 2. Counter-clockwise rotation of the [RF GAIN] knob will gradually reduce the system gain. ADVICE: ˆ As the [RF GAIN] knob is rotated counterclockwise to reduce the gain, the S-meter reading will rise. This indicates that the AGC voltage being applied to the receiver is increasing (which causes a reduction in re- ceiver gain). ˆ Rotating the [RF GAIN] knob control to the fully counter-clockwise position will essentially disable the receiver, as the gain will be greatly reduced. In this case, the S-meter will appear to be “pegged” against the right edge of the analog S-meter scale. QUICK POINT: ˆ Reception frequently can be optimized by rotating the [RF GAIN] knob slightly counter-clockwise to the point where the “stationary” meter indication is set just about the same as the incoming noise level. This set- ting ensures that excessive gain is not being utilized, without so much gain reduction that incoming signals cannot be heard. ˆ The RF Gain control, along with the IPO and the At- tenuator features, all affect the system receiver gain in different ways. The IPO generally should be the first feature engaged when dealing with a high noise level, or a crowded, high-level signal environment, the IPO generally should be the first feature engaged, if the fre- quency is low enough to allow the preamplifier to be bypassed. Thereafter, the RF Gain and Attenuator fea- tures may be employed to provide precise, delicate adjustment of the receiver gain to fully optimize per- formance. [RF GAIN] Knob INTERFERENCE REJECTION

AUDIO PITCH CONTROL (SSB MODE) The FT-950 permits adjustment of the receiver audio response by shifting the carrier point during SSB operation. 1. Press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “065 065 065 065 065 J3E LSB CAR J3E LSB CAR J3E LSB CAR J3E LSB CAR J3E LSB CAR” or “066 J3E USB CAR 066 J3E USB CAR 066 J3E USB CAR 066 J3E USB CAR 066 J3E USB CAR”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to toggle the Menu item display between “Menu Item Number & Group Name” and “Menu Function”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to adjust the receiver audio response as desired. 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new setting and exit to normal operation. [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob TOOLS FOR COMFORTABLE AND EFFECTIVE RECEPTION MUTE FEATURE There may be occasions when you want to silence the receiver audio of the FT-950, perhaps to concentrate on another receiver or telephone call. The Mute feature makes this simple to accomplish. VFO-A/Memory Mute Press the [(VFO-A)RX] Indicator/Switch, while receiv- ing the VFO-A frequency or Memory channel. The FT- 950 will be silenced and the green LED in the [(VFO- A)RX] Indicator/Switch will blink. To restore reception, just press the blinking [(VFO-A)RX] Indicator/Switch once more. VFO-B Mute While receiving the VFO-B frequency, press the [(VFO- B)RX] Indicator/Switch. The FT-950 will be silenced and the green LED in the [(VFO-B)RX] Indicator/Switch will blink. To restore reception, just press the blinking [(VFO-B)RX] Indicator/Switch once more. ADVICE: If you press the [POWER] switch momentarily while the transceiver is turned on, the transceiver’s audio will be muted for three seconds. [VFO-A(RX)] Button [VFO-B(RX)] Button

AGC (AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL) The AGC system is designed to help compensate for fading and other propagation effects. The AGC characteristics can be individually set for each operating mode. The basic objective of AGC is to maintain a constant audio output level once a certain minimum threshold of signal strength is achieved. Press the [AGC] button repeatedly to select the desired receiver-recovery time constant. You will observe the AGC status notation in the AGC column of the Block Diagram Display on the display, denoting the AGC receiver-recov- ery time currently in use. For most operations, we recom- mend the “AUTO” mode. Additionally, you may disable the AGC by pressing and holding in the [AGC] button for one second. OPERATING MODE LSB USB CW AM FM RTTY PKT (FM) PKT (LSB) AUTO AGC SELECTION SLOW SLOW FAST FAST FAST SLOW FAST SLOW NOTE: Pressing the [AGC] button allows selection of the desired receiver-recovery time constant. Normally, the “AUTO” selection is satisfactory for most situations, but in the event of operation on a crowded band where you wish to receive a weak signal, you may wish to change the setting to FAST. The AUTO mode selections are: ADVICE: ˆ The AGC selection will be memorized independently on each VFO stack of VFO-A and VFO-B. ˆ If the AGC receiver-recovery time is set to “Off” by pressing and holding in the [AGC] button, the S-meter will no longer deflect. Additionally, you will likely encounter distortion on stronger signals, as the IF am- plifiers and the following stages are probably being overloaded. QUICK POINT: Several aspects of AGC performance may be configured via the Menu. However, because AGC can have such a profound impact on overall receiver performance, we gen- erally do not recommend any changes to the AGC Menu selections until you are thoroughly familiar with the per- formance of the FT-950. TOOLS FOR COMFORTABLE AND EFFECTIVE RECEPTION Block Diagram Display [AGC] Button BLOCK DIAGRAM DISPLAY TERMINOLOGY: Automatic Gain Control, or AGC, is a circuit that senses the incoming signal strength, and then limits the gain of the RF and IF stages to keep the output audio volume at a more-or-less constant level. AGC also protects the RF, IF, Audio, and DSP stages from overload, as it limits the sig- nal strength that is allowed to flow, irrespective of the in- put signal level.

1. Press the [BAND] button corresponding to the Ama- teur band on which you wish to operate. 2. Press the [SSB] button for SSB opera- tion. For AM operation press the [AM/FM] button repeatedly until the “ ” icon appears in the display. ADVICE: By convention, LSB is used in the 7 MHz and lower Amateur bands for SSB communication, and USB is used on the 14 MHz and higher bands (the 10 MHz band is used for CW and data modes only). 3. Rotate the Main Tuning Dial knob to adjust the oper- ating frequency. Alternately, you may use the [UP]/ [DWN] scanning buttons on the MH-31B8 Hand Mi- crophone to sweep up or down the current band. 4. Press the microphone’s PTT (Push To Talk) switch to begin transmission; speak into the microphone in a normal voice level. ADVICE: ˆ The “ ” indicator will light up in the frequency display area, confirming that transmission is in progress. ˆ When transmitting in the AM mode, set a maxi- mum (carrier) power output of 25 Watts via the Menu item “112 TGEN AM CAR 112 TGEN AM CAR 112 TGEN AM CAR 112 TGEN AM CAR 112 TGEN AM CAR”. See Box on the next page for details of the setting. 5. Adjust the microphone amplifier gain to match the microphone and your voice level: press the [METER] switch repeatedly to select the “ALC” meter, close the PTT switch, and speak into the mi- crophone in a normal voice level. In the SSB mode, adjust the [MIC GAIN] knob so that the ALC meter stays within the ALC zone of the meter (up to half scale deflection) on voice peaks. SSB/AM MODE TRANSMISSION [POWER] Switch [VFO-A(RX)] Button [MIC GAIN] Knob Main Tuning Dial Knob [BAND] Buttons [MODE] Buttons [METER] Switch In the AM mode, adjust the [MIC GAIN] knob so that the ALC meter does not deflect at voice peaks. 6. Release the PTT switch at the end of your transmis- sion. The transceiver will return to the receive mode.

SSB/AM MODE TRANSMISSION ADVICE: ˆ ALC meter deflection may be caused by excessive drive power, but also by reflected power detected in the an- tenna system. If the impedance presented to the trans- ceiver is different from 50 Ohms, ALC meter action may be observed that is not related to the proper set- ting of the [MIC GAIN] knob. Therefore, we recom- mend that you make the [MIC GAIN] knob adjustments into a dummy load or antenna system presenting im- pedance very close to 50 Ohms. ˆ In the SSB mode, you may set the desired power out- put via the Menu item “111 TGEN TX PWR 111 TGEN TX PWR 111 TGEN TX PWR 111 TGEN TX PWR 111 TGEN TX PWR”. The adjustment range is between 5 Watts and 100 Watts. You should always use the minimum power necessary to maintain reliable communications. ˆ When performing “on air” tests (such as the setup of microphone gain), be sure to check the frequency be- fore transmitting, to avoid interference to others who may already be using the frequency. ˆ Four techniques for exercising Transmit/Receive con- trol are provided on the FT-950. You may choose the technique(s) that best suit your operating needs: € Pressing the microphone PTT switch will engage the transmitter. € The rear panel PTT jack may be connected to a foot switch or other manual switching device in order to engage the transmitter. € Pressing the front panel [MOX] button will lock the transmitter on. Press the [MOX] button again to return to receive. € The VOX (Voice Operated Xmit) circuit will en- gage the transmitter automatically when you speak into the microphone. For details of VOX opera- tion, see page 66. Adjusting the AM Carrier [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob 1. Press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “112 TGEN AM CAR 112 TGEN AM CAR 112 TGEN AM CAR 112 TGEN AM CAR 112 TGEN AM CAR”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob to toggle the Menu item display between “112 TGEN 112 TGEN 112 TGEN 112 TGEN 112 TGEN” and “AM CAR AM CAR AM CAR AM CAR AM CAR”. 3. Close the PTT switch. Do not speak into the mi- crophone. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to ad- just the PO meter reading is “25 W 25 W 25 W 25 W 25 W”. 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one sec- ond to save the new setting and exit to normal op- eration. PO Meter [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob PO Meter Adjusting the SSB TX Power Output 1. Press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “111 TGEN TX PWR 111 TGEN TX PWR 111 TGEN TX PWR 111 TGEN TX PWR 111 TGEN TX PWR”. ADVICE: If necessary, press the [SELECT] knob to toggle the Menu item display between “111 TGEN 111 TGEN 111 TGEN 111 TGEN 111 TGEN” and “TX PWR TX PWR TX PWR TX PWR TX PWR”. 3. Close the PTT switch, and then rotate the [CLAR/ VFO-B] knob to adjust the desired power output on the PO meter. ADVICE: A carrier will be transmitted regardless of the op- eration mode setting. 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one sec- ond to save the new setting and exit to normal op- eration. ADVICE: The TX Power Output setting cannot be stored in any of the memory channels. ADVICE: The AM TX Power Output setting cannot be stored in any of the memory channels.

The Automatic Antenna Tuner (hereinafter referred to as the “ATU”) built into each FT-950 is designed to ensure a 50- Ohm load for the final amplifier stage of the transmitter. We recommend that the ATU be used whenever you operate on the FT-950. ADVICE: ˆ Because the ATU of the FT-950 is located inside the station, it only adjusts the impedance presented to the transceiver at the station end of your coaxial cable feedline. It does not “tune” the SWR at the antenna feed point itself. When designing and building your antenna system, we recommend that every effort be made to ensure a low SWR at the antenna feed point. ˆ The ATU of the FT-950 includes 100 memories for tuning data. Eleven of these memories are allocated, one per Amateur band, so that each band has at least one setting preset for use on that band. The remaining 89 memories are reserved for the 89 most-recent tuning points, for quick frequency change without the need to retune the ATU. ˆ The ATU in the FT-950 is designed to match impedances within the range of 16.5 Ohms to 150 Ohms, corresponding to an SWR of 3:1 or less on the 160 through 6 meter amateur bands. Accordingly, simple non-resonant whip antennas, along with random-length wires and the “G5RV” antenna (on most bands) may not be within the impedance matching range of the ATU. ATU OPERATION USING THE AUTOMATIC ANTENNA TUNER 1. Use the Main Tuning Dial knob to set the radio to the desired operating frequency within the Amateur band. 2. Press the [TUNE] button momentarily to place the ATU in the transmit line (no adjustment/tuning will occur yet). The “ ” icon will appear in the display. QUICK POINT: The momentary press of the [TUNE] button will turn the tuner on, and the microprocessor will automatically select the tuning point closest to the current operating frequency. 3. Press and hold in the [TUNE] button for one second to begin automatic tuning. The transmitter will be en- gaged, and the “ ” icon will blink while tuning is in progress. When the optimum tuning point has been reached, the radio will return to receive, and the “ ” icon will again glow steadily (instead of blinking). 4. To disconnect the ATU from the transmit line, press the [TUNE] button momentarily. The “ ” icon will turn off, confirming that the ATU has been turned off. In the “Off” mode, the transceiver will be directly connected to the coaxial cable connected to your an- tenna, and will operate based on whatever impedance is present at the station end of the coax. ADVICE: The ATU circuit is located between the final amplifier and the rear-panel antenna jack; reception is not affected by the ATU. QUICK POINTS: As shipped from the factory, only one ATU alignment point is saved on each Amateur band. This was memorized dur- ing the final alignment and performance verification stages on the production line. NOTE: Please check the operating frequency before beginning the tuning process, to be sure you are not interfering with oth- ers who may already be using the frequency. TERMINOLOGY: Antenna Tuner Memories: The microprocessor of the ATU makes a note of the positions of the tuning capacitors and the selected inductors, and stores the data for each 10 kHz window in which tuning has occurred. This eliminates the need to re-tune every time you return to a frequency on which you have already completed the tuning process. [TUNE] Button

ABOUT ATU OPERATION Figure 1 depicts a situation where normal tuning via the ATU has been successfully completed, and the tuning data has been stored in the ATU memory. The antenna system as seen by the transmitter is shown. In Figure 2, the operator has changed frequency, and the “ ” icon has appeared. The operator presses and holds in the [TUNE] button for two seconds to begin impedance matching using the ATU. If a high SWR condition exists (above 3:1), corrective action must be taken in the antenna system to bring the impedance closer to 50 Ohms. The ATU will refuse to memorize settings on frequencies where the SWR exceeds 3:1. A High SWR may indicate a mechanical failure in the feed system, and can lead to the generation of spurious signals causing TVI, etc. About ATU Memories SWR (After tuning) Less than 1.5:1 The tuner settings are stored in the ATU memory. SWR (After tuning) Greater than 1.5:1 Tuning data will not be retained in memory. If you return to the same frequency, the tuning process must be repeated. SWR (After tuning) Greater than 3:1 The “ ” icon will light up, and the tuner settings, if achieved, will not be memorized. Please investigate the high SWR condition and resolve the problem, before attempting further operation using this antenna. USING THE AUTOMATIC ANTENNA TUNER SWR: 2.0 Frequency SWR: 1.5 Feed Point SWR SWR after ATU Tuning SWR: 1.0 FIGURE 1 FIGURE 2 SWR: 3.0 SWR: 3.0 Frequency SWR: 2.0 Memorized ATU Tuning Retuned Setting SWR: 1.0 The “ ” icon appears on the display when you transmit on this frequency

PARAMETRIC MICROPHONE EQUALIZER (SSB/AM/FM MODE) The FT-950 includes a unique Three-Band Parametric Microphone Equalizer that provides precise, independent control over the low, mid and treble ranges in your voice waveform. You may utilize one group of settings when the speech processor is off and an alternate group of settings when the speech processor is on. The speech processor feature is de- scribed in the next chapter. QUICK POINT: The Parametric Equalizer is a unique technique for adjusting the signal quality. The three audio ranges may be adjusted so precisely, it is possible to craft an audio response that provides a natural and pleasant sound that you may not have ever experienced before. Alternately, the Effective “talk power” can be significantly enhanced. The aspects of configuration that you may adjust on the Parametric Equalizer are: Center Frequency: The center frequency of each of the three bands may be adjusted. Gain: The amount of enhancement (or suppression) within each band may be adjusted. Q: The bandwidth over which the equalization is applied may be adjusted. Setup of the Parametric Microphone Equalizer 1. Connect the microphone to the MIC jack. 2. Set the RF output power to minimum value via the Menu item “111 TGEN TX PWR 111 TGEN TX PWR 111 TGEN TX PWR 111 TGEN TX PWR 111 TGEN TX PWR”, so you will not cause interference to other users while making adjust- ments. ADVICE: ˆ We recommend that you connect a dummy load to one of the Antenna jacks, and monitor your signal on a separate receiver, to prevent interference to other users. ˆ You will have the best chance of hearing the ef- fects of adjustments if you wear headphones (con- nected to the monitor receiver) while listening to your transmitted signal. 3. To adjust the Parametric Microphone Equalizer while the speech processor is disabled, press the [PROC] button until the “ ” icon appears in the display. To adjust the Parametric Microphone Equalizer with the speech processor engaged, press the [PROC] but- ton until the “ ” and “ ” icons appear in the display. 4. Press the [MONI] button, if you want to listen on the FT-950’s internal monitor. 5. Press the [MENU] button momentarily. The Menu list will appear in the display. 6. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to find the “EQ EQ EQ EQ EQ” Menu area, containing Menu items “091 091 091 091 091” through “099 099 099 099 099”; these parameters apply to the adjustment of the Para- metric Microphone Equalizer when the speech proces- sor is disabled. Menu items “100 100 100 100 100” through “108 108 108 108 108” ap- ply to the adjustment of the Parametric Microphone Equalizer when the speech processor is engaged. ADVICE: If you do not find the Menu item number, press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to switch the Menu item name to the Menu item number. 7. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to perform adjust- ments to a particular Menu item. 8. Close the PTT switch, and speak into the microphone while listening to the effect of the changes you are making. Because the overall effect on the sound will change with each adjustment, you should make sev- eral passes through each adjustment area, to be sure that you are achieving the optimum settings. 9. When you have completed all adjustments, press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new settings and exit to normal operation. If you only press the [MENU] button momentarily to exit, none of the changes you performed will be stored. ADVICE: To roll off excessive bass response in a wide-range studio microphone, try putting a 10 dB null at 100 Hz with a bandwidth of “1” or “2”, do about a 3 dB null centered on 800 Hz with a bandwidth of “3,” and then put an 8 dB peak centered on 2100 Hz with a bandwidth of “1.” These are starting recommendations; each microphone and user’s voice will be different, often requiring different settings. ENHANCING TRANSMIT SIGNAL QUALITY [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob [PROC] Button [MONI] Button

3-STAGE PARAMETRIC EQUALIZER ADJUSTMENTS (SPEECH PROCESSOR: “OFF”) Center Frequency “091 tAUd EQ1-FREQ” “100” (Hz) ~ “700” (Hz) “094 tAUd EQ2-FREQ” “700” (Hz) ~ “1500” (Hz) “097 tAUd EQ3-FREQ” “1500” (Hz) ~ “3200” (Hz) Parametric Gain “092 AUd EQ1-LVL” (Low) “–10” (dB) ~ “+10” (dB) “095 tAUd EQ2-LVL” (Mid) “–10” (dB) ~ “+10” (dB) “098 tAUd EQ3-LVL” (High) “–10” (dB) ~ “+10” (dB) Q (Bandwidth) “093 tAUd EQ1-BW” (Low) “1” ~ “10” “096 tAUd EQ2-BW” (Mid) “1” ~ “10” “099 tAUd EQ3-BW” (High) “1” ~ “10” f3 f2 f1 +10dB Parametric Gain ENHANCING TRANSMIT SIGNAL QUALITY 3-STAGE PARAMETRIC EQUALIZER ADJUSTMENTS (SPEECH PROCESSOR: “ON”) Center Frequency “100 tAUd PE1-FREQ” “100” (Hz) ~ “700” (Hz) “103 tAUd PE2-FREQ” “700” (Hz) ~ “1500” (Hz) “106 tAUd PE3-FREQ” “1500” (Hz) ~ “3200” (Hz) Parametric Gain “101 AUd PE1-LVL” (Low) “–10” (dB) ~ “+10” (dB) “104 tAUd PE2-LVL” (Mid) “–10” (dB) ~ “+10” (dB) “107 tAUd PE3-LVL” (High) “–10” (dB) ~ “+10” (dB) Q (Bandwidth) “102 tAUd PE1-BW” (Low) “1” ~ “10” “105 tAUd PE2-BW” (Mid) “1” ~ “10” “108 tAUd PE3-BW” (High) “1” ~ “10” Activating the Parametric Microphone Equalizer PARAMETRIC MICROPHONE EQUALIZER (SSB/AM/FM MODE) 1. Adjust the [MIC GAIN] knob, as described on page 56. 2. Press the [PROC] button momentarily. The “ ” icon will appear in the display, confirming that the Parametric Microphone Equalizer is engaged. ADVICE: A blinking “ ” icon indicates the Parametric Microphone Equalizer menu settings have all been set to “OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF” (“091 TAUD EQ1 FRQ 091 TAUD EQ1 FRQ 091 TAUD EQ1 FRQ 091 TAUD EQ1 FRQ 091 TAUD EQ1 FRQ”, “094 TAUD EQ2 094 TAUD EQ2 094 TAUD EQ2 094 TAUD EQ2 094 TAUD EQ2 FRQ FRQ FRQ FRQ FRQ”, “097 TAUD EQ3 FRQ 097 TAUD EQ3 FRQ 097 TAUD EQ3 FRQ 097 TAUD EQ3 FRQ 097 TAUD EQ3 FRQ”). 3. Press the PTT switch on the microphone, and speak into the microphone in a normal voice level. 4. To switch the Parametric Microphone Equalizer off, press the [PROC] button repeatedly until the “ ” icon disappears. [PROC] Button [MIC GAIN] Knob

USING THE SPEECH PROCESSOR (SSB AND AM MODES) The FT-950’s Speech Processor is designed to increase “talk power” by increasing the average power output, (via a sophisticated compression technique) and adjusting the audio quality to the menu settings (“100 TAUD PE1 FRQ 100 TAUD PE1 FRQ 100 TAUD PE1 FRQ 100 TAUD PE1 FRQ 100 TAUD PE1 FRQ”, “103 103 103 103 103 TAUD PE2 FRQ TAUD PE2 FRQ TAUD PE2 FRQ TAUD PE2 FRQ TAUD PE2 FRQ”, “106 TAUD PE3 FRQ 106 TAUD PE3 FRQ 106 TAUD PE3 FRQ 106 TAUD PE3 FRQ 106 TAUD PE3 FRQ”. The result is improved intelligibility when conditions are difficult. 1. Adjust the [MIC GAIN] knob, as described on page 56. 2. Press the [METER] button repeatedly to select “COMP” (Compression) meter. 3. Press the [PROC] button repeatedly until the “ ” and “ ” icons appear in the display, confirming that the Speech Processor is engaged. ADVICE: Blinking “ ” and “ ” icons indicate the Parametric Microphone Equalizer menu settings have all been set to “OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF” (“100 TAUD PE1 FRQ 100 TAUD PE1 FRQ 100 TAUD PE1 FRQ 100 TAUD PE1 FRQ 100 TAUD PE1 FRQ”, “103 103 103 103 103 TAUD PE2 FRQ TAUD PE2 FRQ TAUD PE2 FRQ TAUD PE2 FRQ TAUD PE2 FRQ”, “106 TAUD PE3 FRQ 106 TAUD PE3 FRQ 106 TAUD PE3 FRQ 106 TAUD PE3 FRQ 106 TAUD PE3 FRQ”). 4. Press the PTT switch on the microphone, and speak into the microphone in a normal voice level. Observe the level indicated on the COMP meter scale. 5. Adjust the compression level of the Speech Processor via the Menu Item “109 TGEN PROCLVL 109 TGEN PROCLVL 109 TGEN PROCLVL 109 TGEN PROCLVL 109 TGEN PROCLVL” so that the meter needle does not indicate more than “10 dB” on the COMP meter scale. See Box at the right for details of the setting. ADVICE: ˆ Excessive advancement of the compression gain will result in a degradation of the transmitted signal’s sig- nal-to-noise ratio, thereby reducing intelligibility at the other end of the circuit. ˆ The Transmit Monitor is a very helpful way to verify proper adjustment of the compression level. Pressing the [MONI] button and then adjusting the [MONI] knob for a comfortable listening level while you are trans- mitting, you will be able to hear the difference in sound quality as you make adjustments. ˆ You may set the RF power output via the Menu item “111 TGEN TX PWR 111 TGEN TX PWR 111 TGEN TX PWR 111 TGEN TX PWR 111 TGEN TX PWR”, whether or not the Speech Pro- cessor is engaged. ˆ You may adjust the Parametric Microphone Equalizer when the speech processor is engaged, using Menu Items “100 100 100 100 100” through “108 108 108 108 108”. See page 117 for de- tails. ˆ When the optional DMU-2000 Data Management Unit is connected, you may observe the effect of your com- pression level adjustments by viewing the waveform on the “Oscilloscope” page. Adjusting the compression level of the Speech Processor ENHANCING TRANSMIT SIGNAL QUALITY [METER] Button [MIC GAIN] Knob [PROC] Button 1. Press the [METER] button repeatedly to select “COMP” (Compression) meter. 2. Press the [MENU] button to engage the Menu. 3. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “109 TGEN PROCLVL 109 TGEN PROCLVL 109 TGEN PROCLVL 109 TGEN PROCLVL 109 TGEN PROCLVL”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob to toggle the Menu item display between “109 TGEN 109 TGEN 109 TGEN 109 TGEN 109 TGEN” and “PROCLVL PROCLVL PROCLVL PROCLVL PROCLVL”. 4. Press the PTT switch on the microphone, and speak into the microphone in a normal voice level. Ro- tate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob so that the meter deflects to not more than “10 dB” on the COMP meter scale. 5. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one sec- ond to save the new setting and exit to normal op- eration. [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob [METER] Button 6. To switch the Speech Processor off, press the [PROC] button once more. The “ ” and “ ” icons will turn off, confirming that the Speech processor is turned off.

[CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob ADJUSTING THE SSB TRANSMITTED BANDWIDTH (SSB MODE) For transmission on SSB, a default bandwidth of 2.4 kHz is provided. This bandwidth provides reasonable fidelity along with good talk power, and is typical of the bandwidth used for decades for SSB transmission. The bandwidth may be varied by the operator, to provide different levels of fidelity or talk power, according to your preferences. Here are the steps to adjust the SSB transmit bandwidth: 1. Press the [MENU] button momentarily to engage the Menu. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “064 064 064 064 064 J3E TX BPF J3E TX BPF J3E TX BPF J3E TX BPF J3E TX BPF”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob to toggle the Menu item display between “064 J3E 064 J3E 064 J3E 064 J3E 064 J3E” and “TX BPF TX BPF TX BPF TX BPF TX BPF”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the desired bandwidth. The available selections are 1-30 1-30 1-30 1-30 1-30 (100- 3000 Hz), 1-29 1-29 1-29 1-29 1-29 (100-2900 Hz), 2-28 2-28 2-28 2-28 2-28 (200-2800 Hz), 3-27 3-27 3-27 3-27 3-27 (300-2700 Hz), and 4-26 4-26 4-26 4-26 4-26 (400-2600 Hz). The default is 3-27 3-27 3-27 3-27 3-27 (300-2700 Hz). A wider bandwidth will provide greater fidelity. A narrow bandwidth will com- press the available transmitter power into less spec- trum, resulting in more “talk power” for DX pile-ups. 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new setting and exit to normal operation. ADVICE: ˆ The Transmit Monitor function is a very helpful way to confirm the effect changing the bandwidth will have on fidelity. By Pressing the [MONI] button and then adjusting the [MONI] knob for a comfortable listening level while you are transmitting, you will be able to hear the difference in sound quality as you make changes. ˆ When the optional DMU-2000 Data Management Unit is connected, you may verify the effect of your adjust- ments of the transmitted bandwidth by observing the Audio Scope on the “Oscilloscope” page. QUICK POINTS: The higher fidelity associated with wide bandwidth will be particularly enjoyable on the low bands during local rag-chew QSOs. ENHANCING TRANSMIT SIGNAL QUALITY

VOICE MEMORY (SSB/AM/FM MODES: REQUIRES OPTIONAL DVS-6 VOICE MEMORY UNIT) You may utilize the Voice Memory capability of the FT-950 for repetitive messages. The Voice Memory system includes five memories capable of storing up to 20 seconds of voice audio each. The maximum that any memory can hold is 20 seconds. Recording Your Own Voice in Memory 1. Select the LSB, USB, AM, or FM mode using the front panel [MODE] buttons. 2. Adjust the [MIC GAIN] knob, as described on page 56. 3. Press and hold the [SELECT] knob for one second to activate the Voice Memory Unit. You will see one of following indications in Multi-Display Window on the display; “rEC1 “rEC1 “rEC1 “rEC1 “rEC1”, “rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2”, “rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3”, “rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4”, “rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5”, “PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1”, “PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2”, “PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3”, “PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4”, or “PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5”. 4. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to recall the Voice Memory Channel (“rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1” - “rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5”) you wish to record. 5. Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily. A blinking “ ” icon will appear in the display. 6. Press the microphone’s PTT switch momentarily. The “ ” icon will glow steadily and recording will begin. If you do not press the PTT switch within five seconds of pressing the [SELECT] knob, the memory storage process will be cancelled. 7. Speak into the microphone in a normal voice level to record the message (such as “CQ DX, CQ DX, this is W 6 Delta X-Ray Charlie, W 6 Delta X-Ray Charlie, Over”). Remember that the time limit for recording any message is 20 seconds. 8. Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to terminate the message storage process. Checking Your Recording 1. Be sure that the front panel [MOX] button is “Off” (the LED imbedded in the switch must be off.) 2. Press and hold the [SELECT] knob for one second to activate the Voice Memory Unit. You will see one of following indications in Multi-Display Window on the display; “rEC1 “rEC1 “rEC1 “rEC1 “rEC1”, “rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2”, “rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3”, “rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4”, “rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5”, “PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1”, “PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2”, “PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3”, “PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4”, or “PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5”. 3. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to recall the Voice Memory Channel (“PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1” - “PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5”) which- ever one you just recorded in. 4. Press the [SELECT] knob. The “ ” icon will ap- pear in the display and you will hear the contents of the Voice Memory you just recorded. ADVICE: You may adjust the playback level of the recording via Menu item “014 DVS RX LVL 014 DVS RX LVL 014 DVS RX LVL 014 DVS RX LVL 014 DVS RX LVL”. TRANSMITTER CONVENIENCE FEATURES Transmitting the Recorded Message 1. Select the LSB, USB, AM, or FM mode using the front panel [MODE] buttons. 2. Press the front panel’s [BK-IN] button. The “ ” icon will appear in the display. 3. Press and hold the [SELECT] knob for one second to activate the Voice Memory Unit. You will see one of the following indications in the Multi-Display Window on the display; “rEC1 “rEC1 “rEC1 “rEC1 “rEC1”, “rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2”, “rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3”, “rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4”, “rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5”, “PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1”, “PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2”, “PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3”, “PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4”, or “PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5”. 4. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to recall the Voice Memory Channel (“PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1” - “PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5”), depending on which memory message you wish to trans- mit. 5. Press the [SELECT]] knob. A “ ” icon will ap- pear in the display and the message will be transmit- ted. ADVICE: You may adjust the transmit (audio) level of the recording via Menu item “015 DVS TX LVL 015 DVS TX LVL 015 DVS TX LVL 015 DVS TX LVL 015 DVS TX LVL”. [BK-IN] Button [SELECT] Knob [MODE] Button [SELECT] Knob [MODE] Button [SELECT] Knob [MOX] Button Multi-Display Window Multi-Display Window Multi-Display Window

Checking Your Recording 1. Be sure that the front panel [MOX] button is “Off” (the LED imbedded in the button must be off). 2. Press the FH-2’s [1] ~ [5] key (whichever one you just recorded in). The “ ” icon will appear in the dis- play and you will hear the contents of the Voice Memory you just recorded. ADVICE: You may adjust the playback level of the recording via Menu item “014 DVS RX LVL 014 DVS RX LVL 014 DVS RX LVL 014 DVS RX LVL 014 DVS RX LVL”. Transmitting the Recorded Message 1. Select the LSB, USB, AM, or FM mode using the front panel [MODE] buttons. 2. Press the front panel [BK-IN] button. The “ ” icon will appear in the display. 3. Press the FH-2’s [1] ~ [5] key (whichever one you just recorded in). A “ ” icon will appear in the dis- play and the message will be transmitted. ADVICE: You may adjust the transmit (audio) level of the recording via Menu item “015 DVS TX LVL 015 DVS TX LVL 015 DVS TX LVL 015 DVS TX LVL 015 DVS TX LVL”. Recording Your Own Voice in Memory 1. Select the LSB, USB, AM, or FM mode using the front panel [MODE] buttons. 2. Adjust the [MIC GAIN] knob, as described on page 56. 3. Press the [MEM] key on the FH-2. A blinking “ ” icon will appear in the display. 4. Press any of the FH-2’s keys numbered [1] through [5] to select that memory storage register. ADVICE: If you do not press the PTT key (see next step) within five seconds, the memory storage process will be can- celled. 5. Press the microphone’s PTT switch momentarily. The “ ” icon will glow steadily and recording will begin. 6. Speak into the microphone in a normal voice level to record the message (such as “CQ DX, CQ DX, this is W 6 Delta X-Ray Charlie, W 6 Delta X-Ray Charlie, Over”). Remember that the time limit for recording any message is 20 seconds. 7. Press the FH-2’s [MEM] key to terminate the message storage process. TRANSMITTER CONVENIENCE FEATURES LOCK OFF ON LOCK OFF ON LOCK OFF ON LOCK OFF ON Voice Memory Operation from the optional FH-2 Remote Control Keypad You may also utilize the Voice Memory capability of the FT-950 from the optional FH-2 Remote Control Keypad, which plugs into the rear panel’s REM jack. LOCK OFF ON VOICE MEMORY (SSB/AM/FM MODES: REQUIRES OPTIONAL DVS-6 VOICE MEMORY UNIT)

VOX (SSB/AM/FM MODES: AUTOMATIC TX/RX SWITCHING USING VOICE CONTROL) Instead of using the microphone’s PTT switch or the front panel [MOX] switch to activate the transmitter, the VOX (Voice Operated TX/RX Control) system provides hands-free, automatic activation of the transmitter, based on voice input into the microphone. 1. Press the [VOX] button to activate the VOX circuitry. The LED inside the [VOX] button glows red. 2. Without pressing the PTT switch, speak into the mi- crophone in a normal voice level. When you start speak- ing, the transmitter should be activated automatically. When you finish speaking, the transceiver should re- turn to the receive mode (after a short delay). 3. To cancel VOX and return to PTT operation, press the [VOX] button again. The LED inside the [VOX] but- ton will disappear, signifying that the VOX circuitry has been turned off. ADVICE: ˆ The VOX Gain may be adjusted to prevent accidental transmitter activation in a noisy environment. To ad- just the VOX Gain: € Press the [VOX] button to activate the VOX cir- cuitry, if necessary. € Press the [MENU] button momentarily to engage the Menu mode. € Rotate the [SELECT] knob and select Menu item “115 TGEN V GAIN 115 TGEN V GAIN 115 TGEN V GAIN 115 TGEN V GAIN 115 TGEN V GAIN”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob to toggle the Menu item display between “115 TGEN 115 TGEN 115 TGEN 115 TGEN 115 TGEN” and “V GAIN V GAIN V GAIN V GAIN V GAIN”. € While speaking into the microphone, rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to the point where the trans- mitter is quickly activated by your voice, without background noise causing the transmitter to acti- vate. € When you satisfied with the setting, press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new setting and exit to normal operation. ˆ The “Hang-Time” of the VOX system (the transmit/ receive delay after the cessation of speech) may also be adjusted via the Menu mode. The default delay is 500 msec. To set a different delay time: € Press the [VOX] button to activate the VOX cir- cuitry, if necessary. € Press the [MENU] button to engage the Menu. € Rotate the [SELECT]] knob and select Menu item “116 TGEN VOX DLY 116 TGEN VOX DLY 116 TGEN VOX DLY 116 TGEN VOX DLY 116 TGEN VOX DLY”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to toggle the Menu item display between “116 TGEN 116 TGEN 116 TGEN 116 TGEN 116 TGEN” and “VOX DLY VOX DLY VOX DLY VOX DLY VOX DLY”. € Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob while saying a brief syllable like “Ah” and listening to the hang time for the desired delay. € When your adjustments are complete, press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new setting and exit to normal operation. ˆ The Anti-Trip setting adjusts the level of negative re- ceiver audio feedback to the microphone, to prevent receiver audio from activating the transmitter (via the microphone). This setting can also be adjusted via Menu item “117 TGEN ANTIVOX 117 TGEN ANTIVOX 117 TGEN ANTIVOX 117 TGEN ANTIVOX 117 TGEN ANTIVOX”. ˆ VOX operation may be engaged on either Voice modes (SSB/AM/FM) or on AFSK-based Data modes. Use Menu item “114 TGEN VOX SEL 114 TGEN VOX SEL 114 TGEN VOX SEL 114 TGEN VOX SEL 114 TGEN VOX SEL” (the selections are “niC niC niC niC niC (MIC)” and “dAtA dAtA dAtA dAtA dAtA (DATA)”). TRANSMITTER CONVENIENCE FEATURES [VOX] Button [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob

TRANSMITTER CONVENIENCE FEATURES MONITOR (SSB/AM/FM MODES) You may listen to the quality of your transmitted signal using the Monitor feature. 1. Press the [MONI] button. The “ ” icon will ap- pear in the display, indicating that the Monitor is turned on. 2. During transmission, rotate the [MONI] knob to ad- just the audio level in the Headphones or speaker. Clockwise rotation of this knob will increase the vol- ume level. 3. To switch the Monitor off again, press the [MONI] button once more. The “ ” icon will turn off, con- firming that the Monitor is now disengaged. ADVICE: ˆ If you are using the speaker for monitoring, excessive advancement of the [MONI] knob can cause feedback to occur. This feedback can cause the VOX system to hang up in a loop, making it impossible for VOX to return to receive. Therefore, we recommend the use of headphones, if possible. If the speaker must be used, adjust the [MONI] knob to the minimum useable set- ting. ˆ Because the Monitor feature samples the transmitter IF signal, it can be very useful for checking the adjust- ment of the Speech Processor or Parametric Equalizer on SSB, and for checking the general signal quality on AM and FM. [MONI] Knob [MONI] Button

SPLIT OPERATION USING THE TX CLARIFIER For split TX/RX operation in “casual” pile-ups, where the split is less than 10 kHz, the TX Clarifier (Offset Tuning) feature may be utilized. TRANSMITTER CONVENIENCE FEATURES 1. Press the [TX CLAR] button. The “TX” icon will ap- pear in the Multi-Display Window in the display. QUICK POINT: The Clarifier is frequently used for receiver offset tun- ing. However, for DX pile-ups where the DX station is using a split of less than 10 kHz, the TX Clarifier func- tion is usually the quickest way to set the transmitter to the desired offset frequency. 2. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to set the desired transmitter offset. A maximum split of ±9.99 kHz may be set. 3. To exit from TX Clarifier operation, press the [TX CLAR] button once more. The “TX” icon will disap- pear from the Multi-Display Window. ADVICE: ˆ When listening to a “pile-up” calling a DX station, in order to find the station currently being worked, you may press the [RX CLAR] button. Then, use the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to zero in on the station calling the DX (use the SPOT function on CW for precise alignment of your frequency). You may then press the [RX CLAR] button again to cancel the RX Clarifier, and return to reception on the DX station’s frequency. ˆ Just as with receiver Clarifier operation, the amount of offset from the original VFO frequency will appear in the small display window. ˆ As with receiver Clarifier operation, when you turn the TX Clarifier off the last-used offset is remembered, and will be available if you turn the TX Clarifier back on. To clear the Clarifier offset, press the [CLEAR] button. ˆ When you operate on the VFO-B frequency, you may also activate the Clarifier on the VFO-B frequency. However, the offset frequency is set using the Main Tuning Dial knob, instead of the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob. ˆ The Clarifier operation (including the offset frequency) will be memorized independently on each VFO stack of the VFO-A and VFO-B. QUICK POINT: When attempting to work a DX station on CW in a split frequency pile-up, remember that a large number of other stations may also be using Yaesu transceivers with capa- bility similar to that of your FT-950. On the DX side of the pile-up, everyone calling precisely on the same CW frequency will sound like a single tone! So you may have more success if you use the RX Clarifier to find a hole in the pile-up, instead of trying to zero-beat the last station worked by the DX station. [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [RX CLAR] Button [TX CLAR] Button [CLEAR] Button Clarifier Offset Bar Indicator A visual depiction of the relative offset of the Clarifier may be displayed, using the Bar Indicator. 1. Press the [MENU] button to engage the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “006 DISP BAR SEL 006 DISP BAR SEL 006 DISP BAR SEL 006 DISP BAR SEL 006 DISP BAR SEL”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to toggle the Menu item display between “006 DISP 006 DISP 006 DISP 006 DISP 006 DISP” and “BAR SEL BAR SEL BAR SEL BAR SEL BAR SEL”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select “CLAr CLAr CLAr CLAr CLAr” from the available choices; the factory default is “C-tn C-tn C-tn C-tn C-tn”. 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one sec- ond to save the new setting and exit to normal op- eration. Multi-Display Window (TX Frequency < RX Frequency) (TX Frequency = RX Frequency) (TX Frequency > RX Frequency) [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob

TRANSMITTER CONVENIENCE FEATURES SPLIT-FREQUENCY OPERATION A powerful capability of the FT-950 is its flexibility in Split Frequency operation using the VFO-A and VFO-B frequency registers. This makes the FT-950 especially useful for high-level DX-peditions. The Split operation capability is very advanced and easy to use. 1. Press the [VFO-B(RX)] Indicator/Switch, then rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to set the desired VFO-B frequency. 2. Press the [VFO-A(RX)] Indicator/Switch, then rotate the Main Tuning Dial knob to set the desired VFO-A frequency. 3. Now press the [SPLIT] button. The front panel Indi- cator/Switch LEDs will look like this: [VFO-A(RX)] Indicator/Switch: “ON” (LED glows Green) [VFO-A(TX)] Indicator/Switch: “OFF” (LED Off) [VFO-B(RX)] Indicator/Switch: “OFF” (LED Off) [VFO-B(TX)] Indicator/Switch: “ON” (LED glows Red) During Split operation, the VFO-A register will be used for reception, while the VFO-B register will be used for transmission. If you press the [SPLIT] button once more, Split operation will be cancelled. You may also press the [VFO-A(TX)] Indicator/Switch to return transmit frequency control to the VFO-A register, thereby canceling Split operation. ADVICE: ˆ During normal (non-split) VFO-A operation, you may simply press the [VFO-B(TX)] Indicator/Switch (lo- cated on the upper right of the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob) to engage Split operation. The [VFO-B(TX)] Indica- tor/Switch will glow Red when you press the [VFO- B(TX)] Indicator/Switch. ˆ During Split operation, pressing the [AX WB] button will reverse the contents of the VFO-A and VFO-B. Press the [AX WB] button once more to return to the original frequency alignment. ˆ During Split operation you may listen to the TX fre- quency temporarily while pressing the [TXW] button located on the bottom left of the Main Tuning Dial knob. ˆ It is possible to set different operating modes (for ex- ample, LSB and USB) on the two VFOs used during Split operation. ˆ During Split operation it is also possible to set the VFO- A and VFO-B to different Amateur bands if you use a multi band antenna. [VFO-A(RX)] Button [VFO-B(RX)] Button Quick Split Operation The Quick Split feature allows you to set a one-touch off- set of +5 kHz to be applied to your radio’s VFO-B (trans- mit) frequency, compared to the VFO-A frequency. 1. Start with regular transceiver operation on the VFO- A. [VFO-A(RX)] Indicator/Switch: “ON” (LED glows Green) [VFO-A(TX)] Indicator/Switch: “ON” (LED glows Red) [VFO-B(RX)] Indicator/Switch: “OFF” (LED Off) [VFO-B(TX)] Indicator/Switch: “OFF” (LED Off) 2. Press and hold in the [SPLIT] button for one second to engage the Quick Split feature, and apply a frequency 5 kHz above the VFO-A frequency to the VFO-B fre- quency register. Press and hold in the [SPLIT] button for two seconds to increment the VFO-A frequency to +5 kHz. The VFO configuration will then be: [VFO-A(RX)] Indicator/Switch: “ON” (LED glows Green) [VFO-A(TX)] Indicator/Switch: “OFF” (LED Off) [VFO-B(RX)] Indicator/Switch: “OFF” (LED Off) [VFO-B(TX)] Indicator/Switch: “ON” (LED glows Red) QUICK POINTS: ˆ The operating mode applied to the VFO-B register will be the same as that in use on the VFO-A register. ˆ The offset of VFO-B from the VFO-A is programmed via the Menu and is set to +5 kHz at the factory. How- ever, other offsets may be selected using the following procedure: 1. Press the [MENU] button to engage the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “030 030 030 030 030 GENE Q SPLIT GENE Q SPLIT GENE Q SPLIT GENE Q SPLIT GENE Q SPLIT”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to toggle the Menu item display between “030 GENE 030 GENE 030 GENE 030 GENE 030 GENE” and “QQQQQ SPLIT SPLIT SPLIT SPLIT SPLIT”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the desired offset. The available selections are –20kHz ~ +20kHz (factory default: +5 kHz). 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new setting and exit to normal operation. [AX WB] Button [VFO-B(TX)] Button [TXW] Button [SPLIT] Button [VFO-A(TX)] Button WXWXWXWXWXWXWXWXWXWZYXWZYXWZYXWZYXWZY [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob

The powerful CW operating capabilities of the FT-950 permit operation using an electronic keyer paddle, a “straight key”, or a computer-based keying device. SETUP FOR STRAIGHT KEY (AND STRAIGHT KEY EMULATION) OPERATION Before starting, connect your key line(s) to the front and/or rear panel KEY jack(s). Be sure the [KEYER] button on the left side of the front panel is turned off for now. CW MODE OPERATION 1. Press the [CW] mode button to engage CW operation. The “ ” and “ ” icons will appear in the dis- play. The “ ” icon will also appear in the display; and the CW monitor is activated. ADVICE: If you press the [CW] button repeatedly, you will en- gage the “CW Reverse” mode (see page 75), whereby the “opposite” sideband injection is used, compared to the “normal” sideband. The “ ” and “ ” icons will appear in the display if you select CW Reverse. 2. Rotate the Main Tuning Dial knob to select the desired operating frequency. 3. Press the [BK-IN] button to engage automatic activa- tion of the transmitter when you close the CW key. The “ ” icon will appear in the display. ADVICE: ˆ When you close your CW key, the transmitter will automatically be activated, and the CW carrier will be transmitted. When you release the key, trans- mission will cease, and after a brief delay, receive will be restored. The delay time is user-program- mable per the discussion on page 76. ˆ As shipped from the factory, the FT-950 TX/RX system for CW is configured for “Semi-break-in” operation. However, using Menu item “043 A1A 043 A1A 043 A1A 043 A1A 043 A1A BK-IN BK-IN BK-IN BK-IN BK-IN”, you may change this setup for full break- in (QSK) operation, whereby the switching is quick enough to hear incoming signals in the spaces be- tween the dots and dashes of your transmission. This may prove very useful during contest and traffic handling operations. 4. Operation using your CW key may now proceed. ADVICE: ˆ You may adjust the CW sidetone audio level with the [MONI] knob. Rotate the [MONI] knob for a comfort- able listening level of the CW sidetone. To disable the CW monitor, press the [MONI] button (the “ ” icon will disappear). ˆ If you set the [BK-IN] button to Off, you may practice sending CW with the sidetone only, without having the signal go out over the air. ˆ If you reduce power via the Menu item “111 TGEN 111 TGEN 111 TGEN 111 TGEN 111 TGEN TX PWR TX PWR TX PWR TX PWR TX PWR”, the ALC meter reading will increase; this is normal and does not indicate any problem whatsoever (because increased ALC voltage is being used to lower the power). [MONI] Knob [MONI] Button [BK-IN] Button TERMINOLOGY: Semi-break-in This is a pseudo-”VOX” mode used on CW, whereby the closure of the CW key will engage the transmitter, and release of the key will allow the receiver to recover after a short delay. No signals will be heard during the spaces between dots and dashes (unless the sending speed is extremely slow). Full break-in Full break-in (also known as “Full QSK”) involves very fast switching between transmit and receive, incoming signals may be heard between the dots and dashes as you send them. This allows you to hear a station that suddenly starts transmitting on your frequency, while you are in the midst of a transmission. [MODE] Button

CW MODE OPERATION USING THE BUILT-IN ELECTRONIC KEYER Connect the cable from your keyer paddle to the front or rear panel KEY jack. 1. Press the [CW] mode button to engage CW operation. The “ ” and “ ” icons will appear in the dis- play. The “ ” icon will also appear in the display; to indicate the CW monitor is activated. ADVICE: If you press the [CW] button repeatedly, after initially selecting CW, you will engage the “CW Reverse” mode (see page 75), whereby the “opposite” sideband injec- tion is used, compared to the “normal” sideband. The “ ” and “ ” icons will appear in the display if you select CW Reverse. 2. Rotate the Main Tuning Dial knob to select the desired operating frequency. 3. Press the [KEYER] button. The “ ” icon will appear in the display, confirming that the built-in Elec- tronic Keyer is now active. 4. Rotate the [SPEED] knob to set the desired sending speed (4 ~ 60 WPM). Clockwise rotation of the [SPEED] knob will increase the keying speed. ADVICE: ˆ You may confirm the keying speed when turning the [SPEED] knob while pressing the [KEYER] button. The frequency display shows the keying speed temporarily. ˆ When you press either the “Dot” or “Dash” side of your paddle, the CW keying tone will automati- cally be generated. 5. Press the [BK-IN] button to engage automatic activa- tion of the transmitter when you press either the “Dot” or “Dash” side of your paddle. The “ ” icon will appear in the display. 6. CW operation utilizing your paddle may now com- mence. ADVICE: When you utilize your keyer paddle, the transmitter will automatically be activated, and the CW charac- ters (or a string of dots and dashes) will be transmit- ted. When you release the keyer paddle contacts, trans- mission will cease, and reception will be restored after a brief delay. The delay time is user-programmable, per the discussion on page 76. ADVICE: ˆ You may adjust the CW sidetone level with the [MONI] knob. Rotate the [MONI] knob for a comfortable lis- tening level of the CW sidetone. To disable the CW monitor, press the [MONI] button (the “ ” icon will disappear). ˆ If you set the [BK-IN] button to Off, you may practice sending CW with the sidetone only, without having the signal go out over the air. ˆ If you reduce power via the Menu item “111 TGEN 111 TGEN 111 TGEN 111 TGEN 111 TGEN TX PWR TX PWR TX PWR TX PWR TX PWR”, the ALC meter reading will increase. This is normal and does not indicate any problem whatso- ever (because increased ALC voltage is being used to lower the power). [MODE] Button [MONI] Knob [MONI] Button [BK-IN] Button [KEYER] Button [SPEED] Knob

Full Break-in (QSK) Operation As shipped from the factory, the FT-950 TX/RX system for CW is configured for “Semi-break-in” operation. However, using Menu item “043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN,” you may change this setup for full break-in (QSK) operation, whereby the switching is quick enough to hear incoming signals in the spaces between the dots and dashes of your transmis- sion. USING THE BUILT-IN ELECTRONIC KEYER CW MODE OPERATION 1. Press the [MENU] button to engage the Menu. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to toggle the Menu item display between “043 A1A 043 A1A 043 A1A 043 A1A 043 A1A” and “BK-IN BK-IN BK-IN BK-IN BK-IN”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to set this Menu item to “FuLL FuLL FuLL FuLL FuLL”. 4. When your adjustments are complete, press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new setting and exit to normal operation. A number of interesting and useful features are available during Electronic Keyer operation. 1. Press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “046 A1A WEIGHT 046 A1A WEIGHT 046 A1A WEIGHT 046 A1A WEIGHT 046 A1A WEIGHT”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to toggle the Menu item display between “046 A1A 046 A1A 046 A1A 046 A1A 046 A1A” and “WEIGHT WEIGHT WEIGHT WEIGHT WEIGHT”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to set the weight to the desired value. The available adjustment range is for a Dot/Dash ratio of 2.5 ~ 4.5 (default value: 3.0). 4. When you are finished, press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new setting and exit to normal operation. [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob Setting the Keyer Weight (Dot/Dash) Ratio This Menu item may be used to adjust the dot/dash ratio for the built-in Electronic Keyer. The default weighting is 3:1 (a dash is three times longer than a dot). [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob

CW MODE OPERATION Selecting the Keyer Operating Mode The configuration of the Electronic Keyer may be customized independently for the front and rear KEY jacks of the FT-950. This permits utilization of Automatic Character Spacing (ACS), if desired. This permits the use of an electronic keyer via the front jack and a straight key or computer-driven keying line via the rear panel jack. 1. Press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “037 A1A F-TYPE 037 A1A F-TYPE 037 A1A F-TYPE 037 A1A F-TYPE 037 A1A F-TYPE” (for the front KEY jack) or “039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE” (for the rear-panel KEY jack). ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to toggle the Menu item display between “037 A1A 037 A1A 037 A1A 037 A1A 037 A1A” and “F-TYPE F-TYPE F-TYPE F-TYPE F-TYPE” or “039 A1A 039 A1A 039 A1A 039 A1A 039 A1A” and “R-TYPE R-TYPE R-TYPE R-TYPE R-TYPE”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to set the keyer to the desired mode. The available selections are: OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF: The built-in Electronic Keyer is turned off (“straight key” mode). buG buG buG buG buG: Dots will be generated automatically by the keyer, but dashes must be sent manually. ELE ELE ELE ELE ELE: Both dots and dashes will be generated auto- matically when you use your paddle. ACS ACS ACS ACS ACS: Same as “ELE ELE ELE ELE ELE” except that the spacing be- tween characters is precisely set by the keyer to be the same length as a dash (three dots in length) 4. When you are finished, press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new setting and exit to normal operation. Inter-character spacing to short Morse “E” & “T” Morse “E” & “T” ACS “ON” ACS “OFF” USING THE BUILT-IN ELECTRONIC KEYER [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob

CW SPOTTING (ZERO-BEATING) “Spotting” (zeroing in on another CW station) is a handy technique to ensure you and the other station are precisely on the same frequency. The Tuning Offset Indicator in the display may also be moved so you can adjust your receiver frequency to center the incoming station on the pitch corresponding to that of your transmitted signal. Using the SPOT System While pressing the front panel [SPOT] button, the Spot tone will be heard through your speaker and the frequency display will show the Spot tone frequency. This tone cor- responds to the pitch of your transmitted signal. If you adjust the receiver frequency until the pitch of the received CW signal matches that of the Spot tone, your transmitted signal will be precisely matched to that of the other sta- tion. Release the [SPOT] button to turn the Spot tone off. ADVICE: ˆ In a tough DX pile-up, you may actually want to use the SPOT system to find a “gap” in the spread of call- ing stations, instead of zeroing in precisely on the last station being worked by the DX station. From the DX side, if a dozen or more operators (also using Yaesu’s SPOT system) all call precisely on the same frequency, their dots and dashes merge into a single, long tone that the DX station cannot decipher. In such situations, calling slightly higher or lower in frequency may get your call through. ˆ The Tuning Offset Indicator in the display may be uti- lized for CW frequency adjustment, as well. Its con- figuration is set via Menu item “006 DISP BAR SEL 006 DISP BAR SEL 006 DISP BAR SEL 006 DISP BAR SEL 006 DISP BAR SEL” at the factory, and the Tuning Offset Indicator is al- ready set to the “C-tn C-tn C-tn C-tn C-tn” selection. CW CONVENIENCE FEATURES QUICK POINTS: ˆ The CW Spotting process utilizes the Spot tone or the Tuning Offset Indicator. The actual offset pitch is set by Menu item “045 A1A PITCH 045 A1A PITCH 045 A1A PITCH 045 A1A PITCH 045 A1A PITCH” (see page 112). The offset pitch may be set to any frequency between 300 Hz and 1050 Hz, in 50 Hz steps. You can either match tones audibly (using the [SPOT] button) or tune the receiver frequency so that the central red LED on the Tuning Offset indicator lights up. Note that there are 21 “dots” on the Tuning Offset Indicator, and depend- ing on the resolution selected, the incoming CW sig- nal may fall outside the visible range of the bar indica- tor, if you are not reasonably close to the proper align- ment of tones. ˆ The displayed frequency on CW normally reflects the “zero beat” frequency of your offset carrier. That is, if you were to listen on USB on 14.100.00 MHz to a signal with a 700 Hz offset, the “zero beat” frequency of that CW carrier would be 14.000.70 MHz; the latter frequency is what the FT-950 displays, by default. However, you can change the display to be identical to what you would see on SSB by using Menu item “047 047 047 047 047 A1A FRQDISP A1A FRQDISP A1A FRQDISP A1A FRQDISP A1A FRQDISP” and setting it to “dIr dIr dIr dIr dIr” instead of the default “OFSt OFSt OFSt OFSt OFSt” setting. [SPOT] Button

CW CONVENIENCE FEATURES USING CW REVERSE If you experience a difficult interference situation, where an interfering station cannot readily be eliminated, you may wish to try receiving using the opposite sideband. This may move the interfering station’s frequency in a direction that may lend itself more readily to rejection. 1. To start, let’s use a typical example where you have set the CW mode (using the default “USB” injection). 2. Now be sure your mode selection is still set for VFO- A, and then press the [CW] mode button once more. The “ ” and “ ” icons will appear in the dis- play, indicating that the “LSB” injection side has now been selected. 3. To return to the normal (USB) injection side and can- cel CW Reverse operation, press the [CW] mode but- ton once more. (the “ ” and “ ” icons will ap- pear in the display). NOTES: ˆ When CW Reverse is engaged, the action of the Tun- ing Offset Indicator will also be reversed ˆ When the incoming signal pitch tone is properly aligned, the central red marker lights up whether or not CW Reverse is engaged. In the illustration, Figure “A” demonstrates the nor- mal CW injection setup, using the USB side. In Figure “B”, CW Reverse has been engaged, to re- ceive using LSB-side injection and eliminate inter- ference. The beneficial effect of switching sidebands can be clearly seen in this example. [MODE] Button RX Passband RX Passband Carrier Carrier QRM QRM Normal CW ( ) CW Reverse ( ) USB LSB A B Retune: Shift to Lower Frequency Zero-In Retune: Shift to Higher Frequency

CW DELAY TIME SETTING During semi-break-in (not QSK) operation, the hang time of the transmitter, after you have finished sending, may be adjusted to a comfortable value consistent with your sending speed. This is the functional equivalent of the “VOX Delay” adjustment used on voice modes, and the delay may be varied anywhere between 30 msec and 3 seconds via Menu item “044 A1A DELAY 044 A1A DELAY 044 A1A DELAY 044 A1A DELAY 044 A1A DELAY”. CW CONVENIENCE FEATURES 1. Press the [BK-IN] button to enable CW transmission (Menu item “043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN” must be set to “SEni SEni SEni SEni SEni”). 2. Press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu mode. 3. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “044 044 044 044 044 A1A DELAY A1A DELAY A1A DELAY A1A DELAY A1A DELAY”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to toggle the Menu item display between “044 A1A 044 A1A 044 A1A 044 A1A 044 A1A” and “DELAY DELAY DELAY DELAY DELAY”. 4. Start sending and rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to adjust the hang time, as you prefer for comfortable operation. 5. When you are finished, press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new setting and exit to normal operation. CW PITCH ADJUSTMENT You may adjust the center frequency of the receiver passband, and change the pitch of your offset CW carrier, to the tone you prefer via the Menu item “045 A1A PITCH 045 A1A PITCH 045 A1A PITCH 045 A1A PITCH 045 A1A PITCH”. The tone may be varied between 300 Hz and 1050 Hz, in 50 Hz steps. 1. Press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “045 045 045 045 045 A1A PITCH A1A PITCH A1A PITCH A1A PITCH A1A PITCH”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to toggle the Menu item display between “045 A1A 045 A1A 045 A1A 045 A1A 045 A1A” and “PITCH PITCH PITCH PITCH PITCH”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the desired tone. 4. When you are finished, press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new setting and exit to normal operation. ADVICE: You may confirm the Spot tone frequency by pressing the [SPOT] button. The frequency display will show the Spot tone frequency. [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob [BK-IN] Button TERMINOLOGY: CW Pitch: If you tuned to an exact “zero beat” on an in- coming CW signal, you could not copy it (“Zero beat” implies a 0 Hz tone). Therefore, the receiver is offset sev- eral hundreds of Hz (typically), to allow your ear to detect the tone. The BFO offset associated with this tuning (that produces the comfortable audio tone) is called the CW Pitch.

MESSAGE MEMORY PROGRAMMING (USING YOUR PADDLE) 1. Press the [CW] button to set the operating mode to CW. 2. Be sure that Break-in is “Off” by pressing the [BK-IN] button. 3. Turn the internal Electronic Keyer “On” by pressing the [KEYER] button, if necessary. 4. Press and hold the [SELECT] knob for one second to activate the Contest Memory Keyer. One of following indications will appear in the Multi-Display Window on the display; “rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1”, “rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2”, “rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3”, “rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4”, “rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5”, “PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1”, “PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2”, “PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3”, “PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4”, or “PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5”. 5. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select the CW Memory Register (“rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1” through “rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5”) that you wish to store the message in. 6. Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily. The “ ” icon will appear in the display. 7. Send the desired message using your keyer paddle. ADVICE: If you do not key within ten seconds of pressing the [SELECT] knob, the memory storage process will be cancelled. 8. Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily once more at the end of your message. Up to 50 characters may be stored in each of the five memories. CONTEST MEMORY KEYER The FT-950 is capable of automatically sending CW messages (as you might do in a contest). Two techniques for message storage are available: you may either send the desired message contents using your keyer paddle (“Message Memory”), or you may input the text characters using the Main Dial Tuning knob and [CLAR/VFO-B] knobs (“Text Memory”). Message Memory Five memory channels capable of retaining 50 characters each are provided (using the PARIS standard for characters and word length). Example: CQ CQ CQ DE W6DXC K (19 characters) --•--• ----•-- --•--• ----•-- --•--• ----•-- --•• • •---- --•••• --•• --••-- --•--• --•-- (C) (Q) (C) (Q) (C) (Q) (D) (E) (W) (6) (D) (X) (C) (K) CW CONVENIENCE FEATURES STORING A MESSAGE INTO MEMORY 1. Press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select the CW Memory Register, into which you wish to store the message; for now, we are just selecting the message entry technique for (Keyer entry). 019 KEY CW MEM1 019 KEY CW MEM1 019 KEY CW MEM1 019 KEY CW MEM1 019 KEY CW MEM1 020 KEY CW MEM2 020 KEY CW MEM2 020 KEY CW MEM2 020 KEY CW MEM2 020 KEY CW MEM2 021 KEY CW MEM3 021 KEY CW MEM3 021 KEY CW MEM3 021 KEY CW MEM3 021 KEY CW MEM3 022 KEY CW MEM4 022 KEY CW MEM4 022 KEY CW MEM4 022 KEY CW MEM4 022 KEY CW MEM4 023 KEY CW MEM5 023 KEY CW MEM5 023 KEY CW MEM5 023 KEY CW MEM5 023 KEY CW MEM5 ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to toggle the Menu item display between “Menu Item Number & Group Name” and “Menu Function”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to set the selected CW Memory Register to “tyP2 tyP2 tyP2 tyP2 tyP2”. If you want to use your keyer paddle for message entry on all memories, set all five Menu items (#019 ~ 023) to “tyP2 tyP2 tyP2 tyP2 tyP2”. 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new settings and exit. TERMINOLOGY: PARIS Word Length: By convention in the Amateur in- dustry (utilized by ARRL and others), the length of one “word” of CW is defined as the length of the Morse Code characters spelling the word “PARIS”. This character (dot/ dash/space) length is used for the rigorous definition of code speed in “words per minute”. [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob [BK-IN] Button [SELECT] Knob [MODE] Button Multi-Display Window NOTE: You must exercise care in sending to ensure that the spaces between letters and words are accurately done; if your tim- ing is off, the spacing may not come out right in the stored message. For ease in setting up the keyer memories, we recommend you set Menu item “037 A1A F-TYPE 037 A1A F-TYPE 037 A1A F-TYPE 037 A1A F-TYPE 037 A1A F-TYPE” and/ or “039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE” to “ACS ACS ACS ACS ACS” (Automatic Character Spacing) while you are programming the keyer memories. [KEYER] Button

CW CONVENIENCE FEATURES CONTEST MEMORY KEYER CHECKING THE CW MEMORY CONTENTS 1. Be sure that Break-in is still turned “Off” by the [BK-IN] button. 2. Press the [MONI] button to enable the CW monitor. A “ ” icon will appear in the display. 3. Press and hold the [SELECT] knob for one second to activate the Contest Memory Keyer. You will see one of following indications in Multi-Display Window on the display; “rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1”, “rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2”, “rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3”, “rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4”, “rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5”, “PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1”, “PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2”, “PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3”, “PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4”, or “PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5”. 4. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select the CW Memory Register (“PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1” through “PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5”) in which you wish to check the mes- sage. 5. Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily. You will hear the results in the sidetone monitor, but no RF energy will be transmitted. ON-THE-AIR CW MESSAGE PLAYBACK 1. Press the [BK-IN] button to enable transmission. Ei- ther Full- or Semi-break-in will be engaged, depend- ing on the setting of Menu item “043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN.” 2. Press and hold the [SELECT] knob for one second to activate the Contest Memory Keyer. You will see one of following indications in Multi-Display Window on the display; “rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1”, “rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2”, “rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3”, “rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4”, “rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5”, “PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1”, “PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2”, “PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3”, “PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4”, or “PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5”. 3. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select the CW Memory Register (“PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1” through “PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5”) that you wish to transmit. 4. Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily. The pro- grammed message will be transmited on the air. [BK-IN] Button [SELECT] Knob Multi-Display Window [MONI] Button Transmitting in the Beacon Mode It is possible to transmit repetitively in a “Beacon” mode, any message programmed either via paddle input or via the “Text” input method. The time delay between message repeats may be set anywhere between 1 and 255 seconds via Menu item “016 KEY BEACON 016 KEY BEACON 016 KEY BEACON 016 KEY BEACON 016 KEY BEACON”. If you do not wish the message to repeat in a “Beacon” mode, please set this Menu item to “OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF”. To transmit the message: 1. Press and hold the [SELECT] knob for two sec- onds to activate the Contest Memory Keyer. You will see one of following indication in Multi-Dis- play Window on the display; “rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1”, “rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2”, “rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3”, “rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4”, “rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5”, “PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1”, “PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2”, “PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3”, “PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4”, or “PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5”. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select the CW Memory Register (“PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1” through “PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5”) where the Bea- con message is stored. 3. Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily. Repeti- tive transmission of the Beacon message will be- gin. Press the [SELECT] knob once more to halt the Beacon transmissions. NOTE: Adjust the sidetone monitor level using the [MONI] knob. NOTE: If you subsequently decide to use the “Text Memory” tech- nique for memory storage, please note that the contents of a message stored using keyer paddle input will not be trans- ferred over when you select “Text Memory technique” on a particular memory register (the Menu Mode Setting is set to “tyP1 tyP1 tyP1 tyP1 tyP1”). [BK-IN] Button [SELECT] Knob Multi-Display Window [MONI] Button [SELECT] Knob Multi-Display Window

TEXT Memory The five channels of CW message memory (up to 50 characters each) may also be programmed using a text-entry tech- nique. This technique is somewhat slower than sending the message directly from your keyer paddle, but accuracy of character spacing is ensured. Example 1: CQ CQ CQ DE W6DXC K (20 characters) The sequential Contest Number (“Countup”) feature is another powerful feature of the CW Memory Keyer,. Example 2: 599 10 200 # K (15 characters) CONTEST MEMORY KEYER STORING A MESSAGE INTO MEMORY 1. Press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select the CW Memory Register into which you wish to store the message; for now, we are just setting the message entry technique to (Text entry). 019 KEY CW MEM1 019 KEY CW MEM1 019 KEY CW MEM1 019 KEY CW MEM1 019 KEY CW MEM1 020 KEY CW MEM2 020 KEY CW MEM2 020 KEY CW MEM2 020 KEY CW MEM2 020 KEY CW MEM2 021 KEY CW MEM3 021 KEY CW MEM3 021 KEY CW MEM3 021 KEY CW MEM3 021 KEY CW MEM3 022 KEY CW MEM4 022 KEY CW MEM4 022 KEY CW MEM4 022 KEY CW MEM4 022 KEY CW MEM4 023 KEY CW MEM5 023 KEY CW MEM5 023 KEY CW MEM5 023 KEY CW MEM5 023 KEY CW MEM5 ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to toggle the Menu item display between “Menu Item Number & Group Name” and “Menu Function”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to set the selected CW Memory Register to “tyP1 tyP1 tyP1 tyP1 tyP1”. If you want to use your keyer paddle for message entry on all memories, set all five Menu items (#019 ~ 023) to “tyP1 tyP1 tyP1 tyP1 tyP1”. 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new settings and exit. CW CONVENIENCE FEATURES TEXT MESSAGE PROGRAMMING 1. Press the [CW] button to set the operating mode to CW. 2. Be sure that the Break-in is “Off” by pressing the [BK-IN] button, if necessary. 3. Press and hold the [SELECT] knob for one second to activate the Contest Memory Keyer. You will see one of following indication in Multi-Display Window on the display; “rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1”, “rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2”, “rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3”, “rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4”, “rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5”, “PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1”, “PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2”, “PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3”, “PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4”, or “PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5”. 4. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select the Memory Reg- ister (“rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1” through “rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5”), in which you wish to program the text. 5. Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily. 6. Use the Main Tuning Dial knob to set the cursor posi- tion and use the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to choose the letter/number to be programmed in each slot of the memory. In the case of Example 2 above, the “#” char- acter designates the slot where the Contest “Count up” Number will be inserted. 7. When the message is complete, add the “}” character at the end to signify the termination of the message. 8. Press and hold in the [SELECT] button for one sec- ond to exit, once all characters (including “}”) have been programmed. [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob CW Memory Register Number Message Cursor ADVICE: Momentarily pressing the [SELECT] button will cancel the programming. [BK-IN] Button [SELECT] Knob [MODE] Button Multi-Display Window [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob Main Tuning Dial Knob

CONTEST MEMORY KEYER CHECKING THE CW MEMORY CONTENTS 1. Be sure that Break-in is still turned “Off” by the [BK-IN] button. 2. Press the [MONI] button momentarily to enable CW monitor. A “ ” icon will appear in the display. 3. Press and hold the [SELECT] knob for one second to activate the Contest Memory Keyer. You will see one of following indications in Multi-Display Window on the display; “rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1”, “rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2”, “rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3”, “rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4”, “rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5”, “PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1”, “PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2”, “PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3”, “PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4”, or “PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5”. 4. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select the CW Memory Register (“PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1” through “PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5”) whichever one you just recorded. 5. Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily. You will hear the results in the sidetone monitor, but no RF energy will be transmitted. TEXT ! “”” # $ % % % % % & ‘’’ DISPLAY CW CODE SN AF --- SX KA AS WG TEXT ( “)” * + ,,,,, --- . DISPLAY CW CODE KN KK --- AR MIM DU AAA TEXT ///// “:” ; < ===== > ? DISPLAY CW CODE DN OS KR --- BT --- IMI TEXT @@@@@ “[” \\\\\ ] ^^^^^ _____ ‘}’ DISPLAY CW CODE @ --- AL --- --- IQ --- ON-THE-AIR CW MESSAGE PLAYBACK 1. Press the [BK-IN] button to enable transmission. Ei- ther Full- or Semi-break-in will be engaged, depend- ing on the setting of Menu item “043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN”. 2. Press the [MONI] button momentarily to enable CW monitor. A “ ” icon will appear in the display. 3. Press and hold the [SELECT] knob for one second to activate the Contest Memory Keyer. You will see one of following indications in Multi-Display Window on the display; “rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1 rEC1”, “rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2 rEC2”, “rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3 rEC3”, “rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4 rEC4”, “rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5 rEC5”, “PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1”, “PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2 PLY2”, “PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3 PLY3”, “PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4 PLY4”, or “PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5”. 4. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select the CW Memory Register (“PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1 PLY1” through “PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5 PLY5”) that you wish to transmit. 5. Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily. The pro- grammed message will be transmited on the air. CW CONVENIENCE FEATURES NOTE: Adjust the monitor level using the [MONI] knob. NOTE: If you subsequently decide to use the “Message Memory” technique for memory storage, please note that the con- tents of a message stored using text input will not be trans- ferred over when you select “Message Memory technique” on a particular memory register (the Menu Mode Setting is set to “tyP2”). [BK-IN] Button [SELECT] Knob Multi-Display Window [MONI] Button [BK-IN] Button [SELECT] Knob Multi-Display Window [MONI] Button Deleting Previously-stored Characters Use the Main Tuning Dial knob to select the last correct letter in the message. Now rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the “}” character; everything after the “}” character will be deleted.

CW CONVENIENCE FEATURES CONTEST MEMORY KEYER (USING THE OPTIONAL FH-2 REMOTE CONTROL KEYPAD) You may also utilize the CW message capability of the FT-950 from the optional FH-2 Remote Control Keypad, which plugs into the rear panel REM jack. Message Memory Five memory channels capable of retaining 50 characters total are provided (using the PARIS standard for characters and word length). Example: CQ CQ CQ DE W6DXC K (19 characters) Contest Number Programming Use this process if you are starting a contest, or if you somehow get out of sync with the proper number in the middle of a contest. STORING A MESSAGE INTO MEMORY 1. Press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select the CW Memory Register into which you wish to store the message; for now, we are just setting the message entry technique to (Keyer entry). 019 KEY CW MEM1 019 KEY CW MEM1 019 KEY CW MEM1 019 KEY CW MEM1 019 KEY CW MEM1 020 KEY CW MEM2 020 KEY CW MEM2 020 KEY CW MEM2 020 KEY CW MEM2 020 KEY CW MEM2 021 KEY CW MEM3 021 KEY CW MEM3 021 KEY CW MEM3 021 KEY CW MEM3 021 KEY CW MEM3 022 KEY CW MEM4 022 KEY CW MEM4 022 KEY CW MEM4 022 KEY CW MEM4 022 KEY CW MEM4 023 KEY CW MEM5 023 KEY CW MEM5 023 KEY CW MEM5 023 KEY CW MEM5 023 KEY CW MEM5 ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to toggle the Menu item display between “Menu Item Number & Group Name” and “Menu Function”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to set the selected CW Memory Register to “tyP2 tyP2 tyP2 tyP2 tyP2”. If you want to use text message entry on all memories, set all five Menu items (#019 ~ 023) to “tyP2 tyP2 tyP2 tyP2 tyP2”. 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new settings and exit. [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob 1. Press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “018 KEY CONTEST 018 KEY CONTEST 018 KEY CONTEST 018 KEY CONTEST 018 KEY CONTEST”. The current contest num- ber appears in the Multi-Display Window on the display. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to toggle the Menu item display between “018 KEY 018 KEY 018 KEY 018 KEY 018 KEY” and “CONTEST CONTEST CONTEST CONTEST CONTEST”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to set the Con- test Number to the desired value. ADVICE: Press the [CLEAR] button (located at the upper right of the [SELECT] knob) to reset the Contest Number to “1”. 4. Press and hold the [MENU] button for one second more to store the new number and exit. [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [CLEAR] Button [SELECT] Knob

MESSAGE MEMORY PROGRAMMING (USING YOUR PADDLE) 1. Set the operating mode to CW. 2. Set the [BK-IN] button to “Off”. 3. Turn the internal Electronic Keyer “On” by pressing the [KEYER] button, if necessary. 4. Press the [MEM] key on the FH-2. A blinking “ ” icon will appear in the display. 5. Press any of the FH-2’s keys numbered [1] through [5] to begin the memory storage process, and the “ ” icon will glow steadily. 6. Send the desired message using your keyer paddle. ADVICE: If you do not start keying within ten seconds, the memory storage process will be cancelled. 7. Press the [MEM] key on the FH-2 once more at the end of your message. Up to 50 characters may be stored in each of the five memories. NOTE: You must exercise care in sending to ensure that the spaces between letters and words are accurately done; if your tim- ing is off, the spacing may not come out right in the stored message. For ease in setting up the keyer memories, we recommend you set Menu item “037 A1A F-TYPE 037 A1A F-TYPE 037 A1A F-TYPE 037 A1A F-TYPE 037 A1A F-TYPE” and/ or “039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE 039 A1A R-TYPE” to “ACS ACS ACS ACS ACS” (Automatic Character Spacing) while you are programming the keyer memories. CW CONVENIENCE FEATURES CONTEST MEMORY KEYER (USING THE OPTIONAL FH-2 REMOTE CONTROL KEYPAD) LOCK OFF ON LOCK OFF ON LOCK OFF ON CHECKING THE CW MEMORY CONTENTS 1. Be sure that Break-in is still turned “Off” by the [BK-IN] button. 2. Press the [MONI] button to enable the CW monitor. A “ ” icon will appear in the display. 3. Press the FH-2’s [1] ~ [5] key whichever one you just recorded in. You will hear the results in the sidetone monitor, but no RF energy will be transmitted. NOTE: You may adjust the monitor level using the [MONI] knob. ON-THE-AIR CW MESSAGE PLAYBACK 1. Press the [BK-IN] button to enable transmission. Ei- ther Full- or Semi-break-in will be engaged, depend- ing on the setting of Menu item “043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN”. 2. Press the FH-2’s [1] ~ [5] key, depending on which CW Memory Register’s message you wish to transmit. The programmed message will be transmitted on the air. NOTE: If you subsequently decide to use the “Text Memory” tech- nique for memory storage, please note that a message stored using keyer paddle input will not be transferred over when you select “Text Memory technique” on a particular memory register (the Menu Mode Setting is set to “tyP1 tyP1 tyP1 tyP1 tyP1”). LOCK OFF ON LOCK OFF ON

TEXT Memory The five channels of CW message memory (up to 50 characters each) may also be programmed using a text-entry tech- nique. This technique is somewhat slower than when you send the message directly from your keyer paddle, but accuracy of character spacing is ensured. Example 1: CQ CQ CQ DE W6DXC K (20 characters) The sequential Contest Number (“Count up”) feature is another powerful feature of the CW Memory Keyer. Example 2: 599 10 200 # K (15 characters) CONTEST MEMORY KEYER (USING THE OPTIONAL FH-2 REMOTE CONTROL KEYPAD) TEXT MEMORY STORAGE 1. Press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select the CW Memory Register into which you wish to store the message; we are now setting the message entry technique to (Text entry). 019 KEY CW MEM1 019 KEY CW MEM1 019 KEY CW MEM1 019 KEY CW MEM1 019 KEY CW MEM1 020 KEY CW MEM2 020 KEY CW MEM2 020 KEY CW MEM2 020 KEY CW MEM2 020 KEY CW MEM2 021 KEY CW MEM3 021 KEY CW MEM3 021 KEY CW MEM3 021 KEY CW MEM3 021 KEY CW MEM3 022 KEY CW MEM4 022 KEY CW MEM4 022 KEY CW MEM4 022 KEY CW MEM4 022 KEY CW MEM4 023 KEY CW MEM5 023 KEY CW MEM5 023 KEY CW MEM5 023 KEY CW MEM5 023 KEY CW MEM5 ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob to toggle the Menu item display between “Menu Item Number & Group Name” and “Menu Function”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to set the selected CW Memory Register to “tyP1 tyP1 tyP1 tyP1 tyP1”. If you want to use text message entry on all memories, set all five Menu items (#019 ~ 023) to “tyP1 tyP1 tyP1 tyP1 tyP1”. 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new settings and exit. CW CONVENIENCE FEATURES [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob

5. Use the FH-2’s [W] and [X] keys to set the cursor position and use the FH-2’s [S] and [T] keys to choose the letter/number to be programmed in each slot of the memory. In the case of the second example above, the “#” character designates the slot where the Contest Number will appear. ADVICE: You may also use the Main Tuning Dial knob and the [CLAR/VFO-B] knobs to program the message char- acters. 6. When the message is complete, add the “}” character at the end to signify the termination of the message. 7. Press and hold in the FH-2’s [MEM] key for one sec- ond to exit, once all characters (including “}”) have been programmed. TEXT MESSAGE PROGRAMMING 1. Press the [CW] button to set the operating mode to CW. 2. Be sure that Break-in is “Off” by pressing the [BK-IN] button, if necessary. 3. Press the FH-2 [MEM] key. A blinking “ ” icon will appear in the display. 4. Press an FH-2 [1] ~ [5] key to select the desired CW Memory Register into which you wish to program the text, the blinking “ ” icon will be disappeared. CONTEST MEMORY KEYER (USING THE OPTIONAL FH-2 REMOTE CONTROL KEYPAD) LOCK OFF ON CW CONVENIENCE FEATURES LOCK OFF ON LOCK OFF ON LOCK OFF ON Deleting Previously-stored Characters Use the FH-2’s [W] and [X] keys or Main Tuning Dial knob to select the last correct letter in the message. Now use the FH-2’s [S] and [T] keys or rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the “}” character; everything after the “}” character will be deleted. CW Memory Register Number Message Cursor

CW CONVENIENCE FEATURES CONTEST MEMORY KEYER (USING THE OPTIONAL FH-2 REMOTE CONTROL KEYPAD) CHECKING THE CW MEMORY CONTENTS 1. Be sure that Break-in is still turned “Off” by the [BK-IN] key. 2. Press the [MONI] button to enable the CW monitor. The “ ” icon will appear in the display. 3. Press an FH-2 [1] ~ [5] key, whichever one you just recorded in. You will hear the results in the sidetone, but no RF energy will be transmitted. NOTE: You may adjust the monitor level using the [MONI] knob. ON-THE-AIR CW MESSAGE PLAYBACK 1. Press the [BK-IN] button to enable transmission. Ei- ther Full- or Semi-break-in will be engaged, depend- ing on the setting of Menu item “043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN 043 A1A BK-IN”. 2. Press an FH-2 [1] ~ [5] key, depending on which CW Memory Register message you wish to transmit. The programmed message will be transmitted on the air. NOTE: If you subsequently decide to use the “Message Memory” technique for memory storage, please note that the con- tents of a message stored using text input will not be trans- ferred over when you set entry to “Message Memory tech- nique” on a particular memory register (the Menu Mode Setting is set to “tyP2 tyP2 tyP2 tyP2 tyP2”). Decrementing the Contest Number Use this process if the current contest number gets slightly ahead of the actual number you want to send (in case of a duplicate QSO, for example). Press the FH-2 [DEC] key momentarily. The cur- rent Contest Number will be reduced by one. Press the FH-2’s [DEC] key as many times as necessary to reach the desired number. If you go too far, use the “Contest Number Programming” technique de- scribed previously. LOCK OFF ON LOCK OFF ON LOCK OFF ON

FM MODE OPERATION BASIC OPERATION 1. Press the [AM/FM] button several times, until the “ ” icon will appear in the display, to select the FM operating mode. 2. Rotate the Main Tuning Dial knob to select the desired operating frequency. Pressing the microphone’s [UP] or [DWN] button will cause frequency change in 5 kHz steps. 3. Press the microphone’s PTT switch (or press the front panel [MOX] button) to transmit. Speak into the mi- crophone in a normal voice level. Release the PTT or [MOX] switch to return to receive. 4. Adjustment of the microphone gain may be accom- plished in two ways. At the factory, a default level has been programmed that should be satisfactory for most situations. However, using Menu item “056 F3E FM 056 F3E FM 056 F3E FM 056 F3E FM 056 F3E FM MIC MIC MIC MIC MIC”, you may set a different fixed value, or choose the “ur ur ur ur ur” option, which then lets you use the front panel [MIC GAIN] knob to set the microphone gain in the FM mode. ADVICE: ˆ You may change the tuning step of the Main Tuning Dial knob via the Menu item “089 TUN FM DIAL 089 TUN FM DIAL 089 TUN FM DIAL 089 TUN FM DIAL 089 TUN FM DIAL”. ˆ You may change the tuning step of the microphone’s [UP]/[DWN] button via the Menu item “088 TUN 088 TUN 088 TUN 088 TUN 088 TUN FM STEP FM STEP FM STEP FM STEP FM STEP”. ˆ The Transmit Monitor is another helpful way to verify proper adjustment of the FM MIC Gain. By pressing the [MONI] button, then adjusting the [MONI] knob for a comfortable listening level while you are trans- mitting, you will be able to hear the difference in de- viation as you make adjustments. ˆ FM is only used in the 28 MHz and 50 MHz Amateur bands covered by the FT-950. Please do not use FM on any other bands. [MODE] Button [MOX] Button Main Tuning Dial Knob

CTCSS TONE FREQUENCY (Hz) 67.0 69.3 71.9 74.4 77.0 79.7 82.5 85.4 88.5 91.5 94.8 97.4 100.0 103.5 107.2 110.9 114.8 118.8 123.0 127.3 131.8 136.5 141.3 146.2 151.4 156.7 159.8 162.2 165.5 167.9 171.3 173.8 177.3 179.9 183.5 186.2 189.9 192.8 196.6 199.5 203.5 206.5 210.7 218.1 225.7 229.1 233.6 241.8 250.3 251.4 FM MODE OPERATION REPEATER OPERATION The FT-950 may be utilized on 29 MHz and 50 MHz repeaters. 1. Rotate the Main Tuning Dial knob to the output fre- quency (downlink) from the repeater. 2. If CTCSS Tone operation is desired/needed, press and hold in the [AM/FM] button for one second to engage the CTCSS mode. 3. Rotate the Main Tuning Dial knob to select the desired CTCSS mode. If you just need to send the uplink en- coding tone, select “TN TN TN TN TN.” For encode/decode opera- tion, choose “TS TS TS TS TS” instead. The available choices are “OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF” Æ “TN TN TN TN TN (Tone Encoder)” Æ “TS TS TS TS TS (Tone Squelch)” Æ “OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF”. 4. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the desired CTCSS Tone to be used. A total of 50 standard CTCSS tones are provided (see the CTCSS Tone Chart). 5. Press the [AM/FM] Mode button to select the desired repeater shift direction. The selections are: “SSSSS” Æ “+++++” Æ “–––––” Æ “SSSSS” where “SSSSS” represents “Simplex” operation (not used on a repeater). 6. Press and hold in the [AM/FM] button for one second to exit from the repeater setup mode. 7. Close the microphone’s PTT switch (or press the [MOX] button) to begin transmission. You will observe that the frequency has shifted to correspond to the pro- gramming you set up in the previous steps, and a “TTTTT” notation will appear on the “10 Hz” frequency digit while transmitting. Speak into the microphone in a normal voice level. Release the PTT switch or [MOX] button to return to the receive mode. ADVICE: ˆ The Repeater operation will be memorized indepen- dently on each VFO stack of the VFO-A and VFO-B. ˆ The conventional repeater shift used on 29 MHz is 100 kHz, while on the 50 MHz band the shift may vary between 500 kHz and 1.7 MHz (or more). To program the proper repeater shift, use Menu items “057 F3E 057 F3E 057 F3E 057 F3E 057 F3E 28 RPT 28 RPT 28 RPT 28 RPT 28 RPT” (28 MHz) and “058 F3E 50 RPT 058 F3E 50 RPT 058 F3E 50 RPT 058 F3E 50 RPT 058 F3E 50 RPT” (50 MHz), as appropriate. [MODE] Button [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob Main Tuning Dial Knob [MOX] Button CTCSS Tone Frequency CTCSS Operation TN TN TN TN TN: Tone Encoder TS TS TS TS TS: Tone Squelch OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF: OFF Repeater Shift Direction –––––: Minus Shift +++++: Plus Shift SSSSS: Simplex

FM MODE OPERATION TONE SQUELCH OPERATION You may also use “Tone Squelch” whereby your receiver will be kept silent until an incoming signal modulated with a matching CTCSS tone is received. Your receiver’s squelch will then open in response to the reception of the required tone. 1. Rotate the Main tuning Dial to the output frequency (downlink) from the repeater. 2. Press and hold in the [AM/FM] button for one second to engage the CTCSS mode. 3. Rotate the Main Tuning Dial to choose “TS TS TS TS TS” from the available choices of “OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF” Æ “TN TN TN TN TN (Tone Encoder)” Æ “TS TS TS TS TS (Tone Squelch)” Æ “OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF” 4. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the desired CTCSS Tone to be used. Fifty standard CTCSS tones are provided (see the CTCSS Tone Chart). 5. Press and hold in the [AM/FM] button for one second. A “DDDDD” notation on the “10 Hz” frequency digit in the display will indicate that the Tone Decoder is engaged. A “TTTTT” notation on the “10 Hz” frequency digit while transmitting will indicate that the Tone Squelch is en- gaged. ADVICE: The Tone Squelch operation will be memorized indepen- dently on each VFO stack of the VFO-A and VFO-B. [MODE] Button [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob Main Tuning Dial Knob [MOX] Button

CONVENIENT MEMORY FUNCTIONS The FT-950 contains ninety-nine regular memories, labeled “01 01 01 01 01” through “99 99 99 99 99”, nine special programmed limit memory pairs, labeled “P1L P1L P1L P1L P1L/P1U P1U P1U P1U P1U” through “P9L P9L P9L P9L P9L/P9U P9U P9U P9U P9U”, and five QMB (Quick Memory Bank) memories, labeled “C-1 C-1 C-1 C-1 C-1” through “C-5 C-5 C-5 C-5 C-5”. Each stores various settings, in addition to the VFO-A frequency and mode (See below). By default, the 99 regular memories are contained in one group; however, they can be arranged in up to six separate groups, if desired. QUICK POINT: The FT-950’s memory channels store the following data (not just the operating frequency): ˆ VFO-A Frequency ˆ VFO-A Mode ˆ Clarifier status and its Offset Frequency ˆ ANT status ˆ IPO status ˆ Roofing filter status and its Bandwidth ˆ Attenuator status ˆ Noise Blanker status ˆ IF SHIFT and WIDTH status ˆ CONTOUR status and its Peak Frequency ˆ DSP Noise Reduction (DNR) status and its Reduction algorithm selection. ˆ DSP Notch filter (NOTCH) status ˆ NAR bandwidth status ˆ DSP Auto Notch filter (DNF) status ˆ Repeater Shift Direction and Shift Frequency ˆ CTCSS status and Tone Frequency MEMORY OPERATION QMB MEMORY CHANNEL REGULAR MEMORY CHANNELS PMS MEMORY CHANNELS 01 97 P-7L/7U P-6L/6U P-5L/5U P-4L/4U 02 98 P-8L/8U 03 99 P-9L/9U P-1L/1U P-2L/2U P-3L/3U

MEMORY OPERATION QMB (QUICK MEMORY BANK) The Quick Memory Bank consists of five memories (labeled “C-1” through “C-5.”) independent from the regular and PMS memories. These can quickly store operating parameters for later recall. QMB Channel Storage 1. Tune to the desired frequency on the VFO-A. 2. Press the blue [QMB(STO)] button. The “beep” will confirm that the VFO-A contents have been written to the currently available QMB memory. If you repeatedly press the [QMB(STO)] button, the QMB memories will be written in the following order: C-2 C-2 C-2 C-2 C-2 Æ C-3 C-3 C-3 C-3 C-3 Æ C-4 C-4 C-4 C-4 C-4 Æ C-5 C-5 C-5 C-5 C-5 Æ C-1 C-1 C-1 C-1 C-1. Once all five QMB memories have data on them, previous data (starting with channel C-1 C-1 C-1 C-1 C-1) will be over-written on a first-in, first-out basis. QMB Channel Recall 1. Press the [QMB(RCL)] button. The current QMB channel’s data will be shown on the frequency display field and the QMB memory channel number will be shown in the Multi-Display Window. 2. Repeatedly pressing the [QMB(RCL)] button will toggle you through the QMB channels: C-2 C-2 C-2 C-2 C-2 Æ C-3 C-3 C-3 C-3 C-3 Æ C-4 C-4 C-4 C-4 C-4 Æ C-5 C-5 C-5 C-5 C-5 Æ C-1 C-1 C-1 C-1 C-1. 3. Press the [V/M] button to return to the VFO or Memory mode. ADVICE: Rotating the Main Tuning Dial knob, or changing the op- erating mode, will place the transceiver in the “Memory Tune” mode, which is a temporary “pseudo-VFO” method of tuning off of a stored memory channel. If you do not over-write the contents of the current memory channel, the original contents will not be disturbed by the initiation of Memory Tune operation. [QMB(STO)] Button [QMB(RCL)] Button Multi-Display Window [V/M] Button

MEMORY OPERATION STANDARD MEMORY OPERATION The Standard Memory of the FT-950 allows storage and recall of up to 99 memories, each storing frequency, mode, and a wide variety of status information detailed previously. Memories may be grouped into as many as six Memory Groups, and additionally you get nine pairs of band-limit (PMS) memories along with five QMB (Quick Memory Bank) memories. Memory Storage 1. Set the VFO-A up with the frequency, mode, and sta- tus, the way you want to have it stored. 2. Press the [AX X X X XM] button momentarily (the current chan- nel number will start blinking in the Multi-Panel Win- dow); the contents of the current memory channel will be shown on the frequency display field. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the memory channel onto which you wish to store the data. If you have selected a channel on which data is already stored, that frequency will appear on the display. 4. Press and hold in the [AX X X X XM] button for one second to store the frequency and other data into the selected memory channel. A double beep will confirm that you have held the [AX X X X XM] button in long enough. Memory Channel Recall 1. Press the [V/M] button, if necessary, to enter the “Memory mode”. A memory channel number will ap- pear in the Multi-Panel Window. ADVICE: If you cannot enter the “Memory mode”, check the [VFO-B(RX)] Indicator/Switch. If it is illuminated green, press the [VFO-A(RX)] Indicator/Switch to make the [VFO-B(RX)] Indicator/Switch go out, then press the [V/M] button again. 2. Press the [MCH] button. The orange LED inside the button will light up, indicating that you are ready to recall a memory channel. 3. After pressing the [MCH] button, you may rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the desired memory channel. ADVICE: To work within a particular Memory Group, press the [GRP] button (the imbedded LED will glow orange), then rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the desired Memory Group. Now press the [MCH] button (the im- bedded LED will glow orange); you may now choose the memory channel within the selected Memory Group. Multi-Display Window [V/M] Button [VFO-A(RX)] Button [VFO-B(RX)] Button [MCH] Button [GRP] Button [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [AX X X X XM] Button [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob

Checking a Memory Channel’s Status Before programming a channel into memory, you can check the current contents of that channel without the danger of over- writing the channel accidentally. MEMORY OPERATION STANDARD MEMORY OPERATION 1. Press the [AX X X X XM] button momentarily. The data stored in the currently selected memory chan- nel will be displayed in the frequency field. However, since you are only checking the contents of the memory channel, your radio will not have moved to the memory channel’s frequency. 2. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select a different memory channel. To exit from the Memory Check mode, press the [AX X X X XM] button momentarily once more. ADVICE: ˆ While the Memory Check function is engaged, the memory channel number will blink in the Multi-Dis- play Window. ˆ While operating in the VFO mode, using Memory Check, you may store the current VFO frequency into the selected memory by pressing and holding in the [AX X X X XM] button for one second (until the double beep). Conversely, if you wish to write the contents of the current memory into the VFO-A register, press and hold in the [MX X X X XA] button for one second. Erasing Memory Channel Data 1. Press the [V/M] button, if necessary, to enter the VFO mode. 2. Press the [AX X X X XM] button. The data stored in the cur- rently selected memory channel will be displayed in the frequency field. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the memory channel that you would like to erase. The memory chan- nel number appears in the Multi-Panel Window. 4. Press the [LOCK] button to erase the contents of the selected memory channel. ADVICE: ˆ The FT-950 can not erase the memory channels “01 01 01 01 01” (and “US1 US1 US1 US1 US1” through “US5 US5 US5 US5 US5”: U.S. version). ˆ After erasure, only the memory channel number will remain; the frequency data will disappear from the dis- play. ˆ If you make a mistake and wish to restore the memory’s contents, just repeat steps (1) through (4) above. [AX X X X XM] Button [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [AX X X X XM] Button [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [LOCK] Button [V/M] Button

MEMORY OPERATION STANDARD MEMORY OPERATION Moving Memory Data to the VFO-A register You may transfer the contents of the currently selected memory channel into the VFO-A register, if you like. 1. Press the [V/M] button, as necessary, to go to the “Memory” mode. The memory channel number will appear in the multi-panel window. ADVICE: If you can not enter the “Memory” mode, check to see if the transceiver is in VFO-B mode (the green [VFO- B(RX)] Indicator/Switch is illuminated). If so, press the [VFO-A(RX)] Indicator/Switch to return operation to VFO-A. Now, press the [V/M] button to enter the “Memory” mode. 2. Press the [MCH] button. The orange LED inside the switch will light up, indicating that you are ready to recall a memory channel. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the memory channel the contents of which you wish to transfer to VFO-A. 4. Press and hold in the [MX X X X XA] button for two seconds, until you hear the double beep. The data in the selected memory channel will now be transferred to VFO-A. ADVICE: This transfer of data to the VFO-A does not affect the origi- nal contents of the memory channel; this is a “copy” func- tion that leaves the memory contents unchanged. 1. Press the [V/M] button to recall any memory channel. ADVICE: If you can not enter the “Memory” mode, check to see if the transceiver is in VFO-B mode (the green [VFO- B(RX)] Indicator/Switch is illuminated). If so, press the [VFO-A(RX)] Indicator/Switch to return operation to VFO-A. Now, press the [V/M] button to enter the “Memory” mode. 2. Rotate the Main Tuning Dial knob; you will now ob- serve that the memory channel’s frequency is chang- ing. ADVICE: ˆ The “ ” icon will replace the “ ” icon in the multi-panel window, indicating you are in the “Memory Tune” mode. ˆ During Memory Tune operation, you may change operating modes, and engage the offset Clarifier, if desired. 3. Press the [V/M] button momentarily to return to the originally memorized frequency of the current memory channel. One more press of the [V/M] button will re- turn you to VFO operation. NOTE: Computer software programs utilizing the CAT system interface port may presume that the transceiver is operat- ing in the VFO mode, for certain features like “band map- ping” and/or frequency logging, because the “Memory Tune” mode so closely resembles the VFO mode. Be sure that you have the FT-950 operating in a control mode com- patible with your software’s requirements. Use the VFO mode if you’re not sure. Memory Tune Operation You may freely tune off from any memory channel in a “Memory Tune” mode, this is similar to VFO operation. So long as you do not over-write the contents of the current memory, Memory Tune operation will not alter the contents of the memory channel. [VFO-A(RX)] Button [VFO-B(RX)] Button [MCH] Button [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [V/M] Button [MX X X X XA] Button [VFO-A(RX)] Button [VFO-B(RX)] Button Main Tuning Dial Knob [V/M] Button

MEMORY GROUPS Memory channels may be grouped into as many as six convenient batches, for easy identification and selection. For ex- ample, you might want to designate memory groups for AM BC stations, shortwave broadcast stations, contest frequencies, repeater frequencies and PMS limits, or any other groupings you like. Each memory group is capable of holding up to 20 memory channels (except Memory Group 01: it is 19 memory channels, and the Group size is fixed). When a memory channel is grouped, the channel numbers change to correspond to the chart below: Memory Group Assignment 1. Press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “029 029 029 029 029 GENE MEM GRP GENE MEM GRP GENE MEM GRP GENE MEM GRP GENE MEM GRP”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to toggle the Menu item display between “029 GENE 029 GENE 029 GENE 029 GENE 029 GENE” and “MEM MEM MEM MEM MEM GRP GRP GRP GRP GRP”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to set this Menu item to “On On On On On” (the default setting is “OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF”). 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new setting and exit. Operation will now be restricted to the six Memory Groups. To cancel Memory Group operation, repeat steps (1) through (4) above, choosing “OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF” in step (3). ADVICE: To avoid confusion, note that the PMS memory group and the PMS memories “P1L” through “P9U” will be so des- ignated. MEMORY OPERATION GROUP MEMORY “OFF” 01 ~ 19 20 ~ 39 40 ~ 59 60 ~ 79 80 ~ 99 P-1L/1U ~ P-9L/9U US1 ~ US5 MEMORY CHANNEL NUMBER GROUP MEMORY “ON” 1-01 ~ 1-19 2-01 ~ 2-20 3-01 ~ 3-20 4-01 ~ 4-20 5-01 ~ 5-20 P-1L/1U ~ P-9L/9U US-1 ~ US-5 [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob Choosing the Desired Memory Group You may recall memories just within a particular Memory Group, if desired. 1. Press the [V/M] button, if necessary, to enter the “Memory” mode. ADVICE: If you can not enter the “Memory” mode, check to see if the transceiver is in VFO-B mode (the green [VFO- B(RX)] Indicator/Switch is illuminated). If so, press the [VFO-A(RX)] Indicator/Switch to return operation to VFO-A. Now, press the [V/M] button to enter the “Memory” mode. 2. Press the [GRP] button (located to the upper right of the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob). The imbedded LED in- side the switch will glow orange. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the desired Memory Group. 4. Press the [MCH] button (just below the [GRP] but- ton). The imbedded LED inside the switch will glow orange. 5. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the desired Memory Channel within the Selected Memory Group. ADVICE: If no channels have been assigned to a particular Memory Group, you will not have access to that Group. [V/M] Button [VFO-A(RX)] Button [VFO-B(RX)] Button [MCH] Button [GRP] Button [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob

Section 97.401(d) of the regulations governing amateur radio in the United States permit emergency amateur communica- tions on the spot frequency of 5167.5 kHz by stations in (or within 92.6 km of) the state of Alaska. This frequency is only to be used when the immediate safety of human life and/or property are threatened, and is never to be used for routine communications. The FT-950 includes the capability for transmission and reception on 5167.5 kHz under such emergency conditions via the Menu system. To activate this feature: 1. Press the [MENU] button to enter the Menu mode. 2. Rotate the [SELECT] knob to select Menu item “118 118 118 118 118 TGEN EMRGNCY TGEN EMRGNCY TGEN EMRGNCY TGEN EMRGNCY TGEN EMRGNCY”. ADVICE: Press the [SELECT] knob momentarily to toggle the Menu item display between “118 TGEN 118 TGEN 118 TGEN 118 TGEN 118 TGEN” and “EMRGNCY EMRGNCY EMRGNCY EMRGNCY EMRGNCY”. 3. Rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select “EnA EnA EnA EnA EnA (En- able).” 4. Press and hold in the [MENU] button for one second to save the new setting and exit to normal operation. Emergency communication on this spot frequency is now possible. 5. Press the [V/M] button, as necessary, to enter the Memory mode. Press the [MCH] button, then rotate the [CLAR/VFO-B] knob to select the emergency channel (“EUS EUS EUS EUS EUS”), which is found between channels “US5 US5 US5 US5 US5” and “01 01 01 01 01”). NOTE: ˆ The receive-mode CLARIFIER functions normally while using this frequency, but variation of the trans- mit frequency is not possible. Activation of “118 TGEN 118 TGEN 118 TGEN 118 TGEN 118 TGEN EMRGNCY EMRGNCY EMRGNCY EMRGNCY EMRGNCY” does not enable any other out of amateur band capability on the transceiver. The full specifica- tions of the FT-950 are not necessarily guaranteed on this frequency, but power output and receiver sensitiv- ity should be fully satisfactory for the purpose of emer- gency communication. ˆ If you wish to disable operation capability on the Alaska Emergency Frequency, repeat the above procedures, but set “118 TGEN EMRGNCY 118 TGEN EMRGNCY 118 TGEN EMRGNCY 118 TGEN EMRGNCY 118 TGEN EMRGNCY” to “diS diS diS diS diS” in step 3. ˆ In an emergency, note that a half-wave dipole cut for this frequency should be approximately 45’3” on each leg (90’6” total length). Emergency operation on 5167.5 kHz is shared with the Alaska-Fixed Service. This transceiver is not authorized for operation, under the FCC’s Part 87, for aeronautical communications. OPERATION ON ALASKA EMERGENCY FREQUENCY: 5167.5 KHZ (U.S. VERSION ONLY) [V/M] Button [MCH] Button [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [CLAR/VFO-B] Knob [MENU] Button [SELECT] Knob

You may scan either the VFO or the memories of the FT-950, and the radio will halt scanning on any station with a signal strong enough to open the receiver’s squelch. VFO SCANNING VFO AND MEMORY SCANNING 1. Set the VFO-A to the frequency on which you would like to begin scanning. 2. Rotate the [SQL] knob so that the background noise is just silenced. 3. Press and hold in the microphone’s [UP] or [DWN] key for one second to start scanning in the specified direction on the VFO frequency. ADVICE: If you would like to begin scanning on the VFO-B fre- quency, press the [VFO-B(RX)] Indicator/Switch first, then press and hold in the microphone’s [UP] or [DWN] key for one second. 4. If the scanner halts on an incoming signal, the decimal point between the “MHz” and “kHz” digits of the fre- quency display will blink. ADVICE: ˆ If the incoming signal disappears, scanning will re- sume in about five seconds. ˆ On the SSB/CW and SSB-based Data modes, the scanner will pause on a received signal, then will step across the signal very slowly, giving you time to stop the scan, if you like. In these modes on the VFO, the scanner does not stop, however. 5. To cancel scanning, press the microphone’s [UP] or [DWN] key momentarily. ADVICE: You may select the manner in which the scanner resumes while it has paused on a signal, using Menu item “034 034 034 034 034 GENE SCN RSM GENE SCN RSM GENE SCN RSM GENE SCN RSM GENE SCN RSM”. The default “5SEc 5SEc 5SEc 5SEc 5SEc” setting will cause the scanner to resume scanning after five seconds; you may change it, however, to resume only after the carrier has dropped out, if you like See page 111. [SQL] Knob [VFO-B(RX)] Button

MEMORY SCAN VFO AND MEMORY SCANNING 1. Set the transceiver up in the “Memory” mode by press- ing the [V/M] button, if necessary. ADVICE: If you can not enter the “Memory” mode, check to see if the transceiver is in VFO-B mode (the green [VFO- B(RX)] Indicator/Switch is illuminated). If so, press the [VFO-A(RX)] Indicator/Switch to return operation to VFO-A. Now, press the [V/M] button to enter the “Memory” mode. 2. Rotate the [SQL] knob so that the background noise is just silenced. 3. Press and hold in the microphone’s [UP] or [DWN] key for one second to start scanning in the specified direction. ADVICE: ˆ If the scanner halts on an incoming signal, the deci- mal point between the “MHz” and “kHz” digits of the frequency display will blink. ˆ If the incoming signal disappears, scanning will re- sume in about five seconds. 4. To cancel scanning, press the microphone’s [UP] or [DWN] key momentarily. ADVICE: ˆ During Memory Group operation, only the channels within the current Memory Group will be scanned. ˆ If the scan has paused on a signal, pressing the microphone’s [UP] or [DWN] key will cause scanning to resume instantly. ˆ If you press the microphone’s PTT switch during scan- ning, the scanner will halt at once. However, pressing the PTT switch during scanning will not cause trans- mission. ˆ You may select the manner in which the scanner re- sumes while it has paused on a signal, using Menu item “034 GEnE SCN RSM 034 GEnE SCN RSM 034 GEnE SCN RSM 034 GEnE SCN RSM 034 GEnE SCN RSM”. During memory scanning, the default “5SEc 5SEc 5SEc 5SEc 5SEc” setting will cause the scanner to resume scanning after five seconds. However, you may change this setting to resume only after the carrier has dropped out, if you like. See page 111. [SQL] Knob [VFO-B(RX)] Button QUICK POINT: If you have no interest in scanning, and wish to prohibit the microphone’s [UP]/[DWN] keys from initiating scan- ning, you may disable scanning control from the micro- phone using Menu item “033 GENE MIC SCN 033 GENE MIC SCN 033 GENE MIC SCN 033 GENE MIC SCN 033 GENE MIC SCN” (set it to “OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF”). [V/M] Button [VFO-A(RX)] Button