Thytronic DMC3S Manual 

DMC3S MULTIFUNCTIONAL PROTECTION AND CONTROL PANEL FOR PRIMARY SUBSTATIONS MANUAL DV901 DV905 DV907 DV910 DV917 DV922 MV line Translator Coupler Power factor correction HV line TFN EAC EAC DV7203 Ethernet locale

SUMMARY 1 GENERAL INFORMATION 5 Preface...............................................................................................................................................................................................................5 2 DESCRIPTION 5 Main Characteristics.......................................................................................................................................................................................5 Protection Functions........................................................................................................................................................................................5 Control Functions..............................................................................................................................................................................................5 3 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS 6 3.1 GENERAL INFORMATION 6 Mechanical characteristics...........................................................................................................................................................................6 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)...........................................................................................................................................................6 Disturbance immunity tests............................................................................................................................................................................6 Climate tests......................................................................................................................................................................................................7 Mechanical tests..............................................................................................................................................................................................8 Insulation test....................................................................................................................................................................................................8 Reference specifications................................................................................................................................................................................8 ENEL general standards and tables..............................................................................................................................................................8 Certifications.....................................................................................................................................................................................................8 Environmental Condition.................................................................................................................................................................................8 3.2 INPUT CIRCUITS 9 Auxiliary circuit power Uaux ...........................................................................................................................................................................9 Amperometric phase inputs...........................................................................................................................................................................9 Residual current amperometric inlet............................................................................................................................................................9 Voltmetric inputs...............................................................................................................................................................................................9 Residual voltage / Vsync voltage voltmetric input......................................................................................................................................9 Digital inputs......................................................................................................................................................................................................9 3.3 OUTPUT CIRCUITS 9 Final electromechanical relays......................................................................................................................................................................9 Final solid state relays...................................................................................................................................................................................10 3.4 MMI 10 3.5 COMMUNICATIONS CIRCUITS 10 Local port.........................................................................................................................................................................................................10 Connection 61850............................................................................................................................................................................................10 Remote module connection..........................................................................................................................................................................10 3.6 PROTECTION AND CONTROL FUNCTIONS 11 3.6 NOMINAL VALUES 12 3.7 PROTECTION FUNCTIONS 12 Direct undervoltage - 27CC (80.s)................................................................................................................................................................12 Maximum directional active power 32P.....................................................................................................................................................12 Negative sequence overcurrent - 46..........................................................................................................................................................13 Overcurrent - 50/51.........................................................................................................................................................................................14 Residual overcurrent - 50N/51N...................................................................................................................................................................15 Neutral overcurrent - 51N(E)........................................................................................................................................................................16 Residual emergency overcurrent - 51N(Eme)...........................................................................................................................................17 Neutral current unbalance - 51(SQL)..........................................................................................................................................................18 Overvoltage - 59..............................................................................................................................................................................................18 Residual overvoltage - 59N...........................................................................................................................................................................19 Residual emergency overcurrent - 59N(eme)...........................................................................................................................................19 Maximum directional current - 67...............................................................................................................................................................20 Ground directional overcurrent - 67N.........................................................................................................................................................22 EAC (Equilibratore Automatico di Carico) [ALB frequency (Automatic Load Balancer)]...................................................................25 Second harmonic restraint - 2ndh-REST....................................................................................................................................................25

3.8 CONTROL FUNCTIONS 26 Synchrocheck relay - 25................................................................................................................................................................................26 VT monitoring - 74TV......................................................................................................................................................................................26 CT Monitoring - 74CT.....................................................................................................................................................................................26 Breaker failure - BF........................................................................................................................................................................................26 Breaker coils control monitoring.................................................................................................................................................................26 Opening command breaker diagnostics....................................................................................................................................................26 Closing command breaker diagnostics......................................................................................................................................................26 Automatic reclosing - 79...............................................................................................................................................................................27 3.9 MEASUREMENTS 27 Precision (type tests).....................................................................................................................................................................................27 Measurements................................................................................................................................................................................................27 4 FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS 30 4.1 CONFIGURABILITY 30 4.2 ADDITIONAL EXTERNAL MODULES 31 4.3 DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION 32 Measurement conventions...........................................................................................................................................................................32 Logical inputs..................................................................................................................................................................................................33 Output relays...................................................................................................................................................................................................34 Reset timers.....................................................................................................................................................................................................37 Shrink time.......................................................................................................................................................................................................37 Back-up Time..................................................................................................................................................................................................38 Direct undervoltage - 27CC...........................................................................................................................................................................39 Maximum directional active power - 32P..................................................................................................................................................40 Negative sequence overcurrent - 46..........................................................................................................................................................42 Overcurrent - 50/51.........................................................................................................................................................................................44 Residual overcurrent - 50N/51N...................................................................................................................................................................46 Neutral overcurrent - 51(E)...........................................................................................................................................................................48 Residual emergency overcurrent - 51(Eme)..............................................................................................................................................50 Neutral current unbalance - 51(SQL)..........................................................................................................................................................52 Overvoltage - 59..............................................................................................................................................................................................54 Residual overvoltage - 59N...........................................................................................................................................................................56 Residual emergency overvoltage - 59N(Eme)...........................................................................................................................................58 Maximum directional current - 67...............................................................................................................................................................60 Ground directional overcurrent - 67N.........................................................................................................................................................65 Ground directional overcurrent - 67N (Intermittent faults).....................................................................................................................69 Ground directional overcurrent - 67N (Evolving faults)...........................................................................................................................70 Logical block - Block1....................................................................................................................................................................................74 EAC (Equilibratore Automatico di Carico) [ALB frequency (Automatic Load Balancer)] protection...............................................75 Second harmonic restraint - 2ndh-REST....................................................................................................................................................77 Breaker monitoring........................................................................................................................................................................................78 Average measures.........................................................................................................................................................................................81 Oscillographyy................................................................................................................................................................................................81 CT Monitoring - 74CT.....................................................................................................................................................................................82 VT monitoring - 74VT......................................................................................................................................................................................83 Breaker coils control monitoring ................................................................................................................................................................85 Synchrocheck relay (Synchro check) - 25.................................................................................................................................................86 Auto-reclose (79)............................................................................................................................................................................................91 Breaker failure - BF........................................................................................................................................................................................94 5 AUTOMATION FUNCTIONS 95 Logical selectivity block - FSL......................................................................................................................................................................95 6 CYBER SECURITY 96 Configuration management..........................................................................................................................................................................96 Hardware systems and networking equipment........................................................................................................................................96 Initial system configuration..........................................................................................................................................................................96 Threat and vulnerability management........................................................................................................................................................96 Access control................................................................................................................................................................................................96 Authentication and authorization management .......................................................................................................................................96 Auditing............................................................................................................................................................................................................96 Network communication security ..............................................................................................................................................................97

Cybersecurity application scheme .............................................................................................................................................................97 Access procedure .........................................................................................................................................................................................97 7 APPENDIX 98 DMC3S - INVERSE TIME CURVES...............................................................................................................................................................98 DMC3S - IEC normal inverse curves (type A)............................................................................................................................................99 DMC3S - IEC long time inverse curves (type LTI)....................................................................................................................................100 DMC3S - IEC very inverse curves (type B)...............................................................................................................................................101 DMC3S - IEC extremely inverse curves (type B).....................................................................................................................................102 DMC3S - I/O CIRCUITS................................................................................................................................................................................103 DMRIS0 - I/O CIRCUITS...............................................................................................................................................................................104 DMC3S- DIMENSIONS - front, internal and rear views........................................................................................................................105 DMC3S - DIMENSIONS - viewed from above.........................................................................................................................................106 DMC3S - DIMENSIONS - DMRIS0 module..............................................................................................................................................107 DMC3S - PHOTO...........................................................................................................................................................................................108 DMC3S - EXAMPLE OF APPLICATION TO A A3 PRIMARY SUBSTATION...........................................................................................109 DMC3S - CE DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY........................................................................................................................................109

1 GENERAL INFORMATION — Preface Protection and control panels can be installed to the risers of the MV section and HV user line of primary substations supplied by ENEL Distribuzione S.p.A. The devices can also be installed to MV nodes and primary substations operated with neutral to ground or very low neutral resistance in foreign countries in which ENEL has operations. To supplement the protection functions, the system includes the following functions: breaker failure (BF), CT monitoring (74CT), VT monitoring (74VT), trip circuit monitoring (74TCS), Synchrocheck relay, EAC (Equilibratore Automatico di Carico) [ALB frequency (Automatic Load Balancer)] protection, programmable logic controller (PLC) and automatic reclosing (79). The system can be calibrated, programmed and its logs and values read with a PC running the Thy- Setter software, or via Ethernet; all the above operations are also available via the front panel keypad (MMI). 2 DESCRIPTION — Main Characteristics • Three phase with definite 1A or 5A nominal current selectable via software. • One residual current input with 1A or 5A nominal current selectable via software. • Three phase with nominal voltage programmable in the range 50...130 V (UR=100V) and one residual input with nominal voltage programmable in the range 50...130 V (UER = 100V). • Backlight LCD graphic display. • Multicolour indicator LED on the front panel, freely programmable. • Logical inputs on input board (IN1-1...IN1-6), freely programmable. • Logical inputs on input board (INC-1...INC-5). • Output relays (KS1-1...KS1-6) independently programmable, for protection functions, self-test and control functions, and outputs with solid state relays. • One rear port for communication with remote communications and control systems via Ethernet, running the IEC 61850 protocol. • Two rear ports for communication with remote I/O modules via Ethernet, running the MODBUS TCP/IP® and IEC61850 protocols. • One front panel Ethernet port, for local communications, running the MODBUS TCP/IP® protocol. • Calendar clock with buffer. • Nominal frequency 50 or 60 Hz, programmable via software. The major operational characteristics are: • Measurement of the effective value of the fundamental component of the currents and voltages using DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform). • The directional current function employs a special operating criterion based on a voltage memory algorithm: this enables the relay to operate properly even in case of three-phase dead short when the line voltage goes almost to zero. • Logging of recent malfunctions (SFR) and events (SER). • Logging of oscilloscope readings (DFR) in the COMTRADE format. • All settings and logged data (faults, events, couinters, oscilloscope) are saved to non-volatile mem- ory and are thus available even in case of auxiliary voltage failure • Option to update the firmware. — Protection Functions • 27CC(80.s) Direct undervoltage • 32P Directional active overpower • 46 Negative sequence overcurrent • 50/51 Phase overcurrent • 50N/51N Residual overcurrent • 51N(E) Neutral overcurrent • 51N(Eme) Residual emergency overcurrent • 51(SQL) Neutral unbalance overcurrent • 59 Overvoltage • 59N Residual overvoltage • 59N(Eme) Residual emergency overvoltage • 67 Phase directional overcurrent • 67N Ground directional overcurrent — Control Functions • 25 Synchrocheck relay • 79 Automatic reclosing • 74CT Phase CT monitoring • 74VT Line VT monitoring

3 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS 3.1 GENERAL INFORMATION — Mechanical characteristics Installation Rack 19” 3U Dimensions (H x W x D) 133 x 483 x 344 Terminals Screw clamps Maximum wire cross section 4 mm2 Weight 4.7 kg — Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Standard EN 61000-6-2 Part 6-2: Generic standards - Immunity for industrial environments Standard EN 61000-6-4 Part 6-4: Generic standards - Emissions for industrial environments Standard EN 61000-4-2, EN 61000-4-2/A1, EN 61000-4-2/A2 Electrostatic discharge immunity test Standard EN 61000-4-3 Radiofrequency electromagnetic field immunity test Standard EN 61000-4-4 Electrical fast transient immunity test Standard EN 61000-4-5 Pulse immunity test Standard EN 61000-4-6, EN 61000-4-6/A1 Immunity to conducted disturbances induced by radiofrequency fields Standard EN 61000-4-8, EN 61000-4-8/A1 mains frequency magnetic field immunity test Standard EN 61000-4-10, EN 61000-4-10/A1 Damped oscillatory magnetic field immunity test Standard EN 61000-4-11 Immunity test for voltage dips, brief interruptions and voltage variations Standard EN 61000-4-12 Oscillatory wave immunity test Standard EN 61000-4-16, EN 61000-4-16/A1 Immunity test for conducted common mode disturbances in the frequency range 0 to 150 kHz Standard EN 61000-4-29 Immunity test for voltage dips, brief interruptions and voltage variations on DC power ports Standard EN 55011, 55011/A1, 55011/A2 Industrial, scientific and medical radiofrequency equipment (ISM) - Radiodisturbance characteris- tics - Limits and measurement methods Standard EN 50160 Characteristics of public electrical power grid voltage — Disturbance immunity tests Enclosure door Standard IEC 61000-4-2 EN 60255-22-2 Electrostatic discharge (Level 4) • Contact discharge 8 kV • Air discharge 15 kV Standard IEC 61000-4-3 EN 61000-4-3 Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (Level 3) • 80...3000 MHz AM 80% 10 V/m • 900...1980 MHz MHz Pulse modulated 10 V/m Standard IEC 61000-4-8 EN 61000-4-8 Magnetic field 50 Hz (Level 5) • 50 Hz continuous 100 A/m • 50 Hz 1 s 1 kA/m Standard IEC 61000-4-10 EN 61000-4-10 Damped oscillatory wave (Level 5) • Damped oscillatory wave 0.1 MHz 100 A/m • Damped oscillatory wave 1 MHz 100 A/m Ground port Standard IEC61000-4-4 EN 60255-22-4 Fast transients 5/50 ns (Level 4) • Fast transients 4 kV Standard IEC 61000-4-6 EN 61000-4-6 Conducted electromagnetic fields (Level 3) • 0.15...80 MHz AM 80% 1kHz 10 V

Signal port Standard IEC61000-4-4 EN 61000-4-4 Fast transients 5/50 ns (Level 4) Fast transients 2 kV Standard IEC 61000-4-6 Conducted electromagnetic fields (Level 3) • 0.15...80 MHz AM 80% 1kHz 10 V Standard EC 61000-4-18 EN 60255-22-1 Damped oscillatory wave (Level 3) • 0.1 MHz and 1 MHz common mode 2.5 kV • 0.1 MHz and 1 MHz differential mode 1.0 kV Standard EC 61000-4-12 EN 60255-22-1 Damped oscillatory wave (Level 3) • Ring wave common mode 2.0 kV • Ring wave differential mode 1.0 kV Standard IEC 61000-4-16 Mains frequency voltages (Level 3-4) • 162/3 continuous 100 V • 162/3 1s 300 V • 50 Hz continuous 100 V • 50 Hz 1 s 300 V • 0.015...150 kHz 10-1-1-10 V DC power input and output port Standard IEC61000-4-4 EN 60255-22-4 Fast transients 5/50 ns (Level 4) Fast transients 2 kV, 4kV Standards Standard IEC 61000-4-5 High energy pulses (Level 4) • Uaux (line-ground) 4 kV • Uaux (line-line) 2 kV Standard IEC 61000-4-6 EN 61000-4-6 Conducted electromagnetic fields (Level 3) • 0.15...80 MHz AM 80% 1kHz 10 V Standard EC 61000-4-12 EN 60255-22-1 Damped oscillatory wave (Level 3) • 0.1 MHz common mode 2.0 kV • 0.1 MHz differential mode 1.0 kV Standard IEC 61000-4-16 Mains frequency voltages (Level 3-4) • 162/3 continuous 100 V • 162/3 1s 300 V • 50 Hz continuous 100 V • 50 Hz 1 s 300 V • 0.015...150 kHz 10-1-1-10 V Standard IEC 61000-4-17 Ripple on DC auxiliary power circuit DC auxiliary power supply • Variation 10% Standard IEC 61000-4-29 Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations on DC input power port immunity tests • Voltage dip duration with UT=40% 100 ms • Short interruption duration with UT=0% 50 ms • Voltage variation duration with Un=80...120% 10 s — Climate tests Standard IEN 60068-2-1 Environmental tests: Part 2-1: Tests - Test A: Cold Standard IEN 60068-2-2 Environmental tests: Part 2-2: Tests - Test B: Dry heat Standard IEN 60068-2-14 Environmental tests: Part 2: Tests - Test N: Temperature change Standard IEN 60068-2-33 Environmental tests: Part 2: Tests - Temperature change test guidelines Standard IEN 60068-2-78 Environmental tests: Test Cab: Damp heat, stationary regime Standard IEN 60068-3-1 Environmental tests: Part 3: Basic information. Section 1: Cold and dry heat tests Standard IEN 60068-3-4

Environmental tests: Part 3-4: Supporting documentation and guidelines. Damp heat tests — Mechanical tests Standard EN 60255-21-1 EN 60255-21-2 RMEC01 Vibration, impact, shock and seismic resistance tests for measurement relays and protection equip- ment • EN 60255-21-1 Vibration tests (sinusoidal) Class 1 • EN 60255-21-2 Impact and shock tests Class 1 — Insulation test Standard EN 60255-5 Coordination of the isolation of measurement relays and protection equipment Test at 50Hz (1 min): • Auxiliary circuit 2 kV • Input circuits 2 kV • Output circuits 2 kV • Output circuits (between open contacts) 1 kV • Communication ports 1 kV Isolation resistance >100 MW Standard EN 60255-5 Pulse resistance voltage test Pulse test (1.2/50 ms): • Auxiliary circuit 5 kV • Input circuits 5 kV • Output circuits 5 kV • Output circuits (between open contacts) 5 kV Standard EN 61010-1 Insulation test for electrical measurement, control and laboratory equipment Pollution degree 3 Reference voltage 250 V Reference category IV Standard EN 60204-1 Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines. Part 1: General rules — Reference specifications Structural and functional requisites for the Multifunctional Protection and Control Panel for Primary Substations (DV7203) ENEL DMI 9 00016 Protection and control device for HV/MV substation – Multifunctional feeder protection (MFP) GSTP101_01 Protection and control device for HV/MV substation – Communication profile (according to IEC 61850) for the MFP GSTP103_01 Cyber security requirements for protection and control devices GSTP901_01 Electrical Diagrams for Protection and control device for HV / MV substation – Multifunctional Feeder Protection MFP GSTX101_01 — ENEL general standards and tables Standard IEC61850-x Communications networks and system for automation of electrical systems Standard IEE 802.x Standards relating to the Ethernet port ENEL unification table DV25 Spring loaded clamps ENEL unification table DV29 Terminals ENEL unification table DV1000 rev .01 Data communications, electrical and functional characteristics ENEL unification table DV801A Connectors (34 pole) — Certifications CE conformity • EMC Directive 2014/30/EC • Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EC — Environmental Condition Ambient temperature -10...+55 °C Storage temperature -20...+70 °C Relative humidity ≤95 % Atmospheric pressure 860...1060 kPa

3.2 INPUT CIRCUITS — Auxiliary circuit power Uaux Voltage • Nominal value (range) 110 V- • Operating range 77...143 V- (± 30%) • Maximum inrush current 10 A, 10 ms • Ripple 10% • Max power draw (3 relays excited and MMI active) 10 W • Overload (1 s) 2 Vn • Insensitivity to micro-interruptions Vaux 0V 50 ms • Cooling Natural ventilation — Amperometric phase inputs Nominal phase current of relay In 1A or 5A, set by software Permanent overload 25 A Thermal overload (1s) 250 A Dynamic overload (0.01s) 800 A Power draw (per phase) ≤ 0.003 VA with In=1 A Power draw (per phase) ≤ 0.07 VA with In=5 A — Residual current amperometric inlet Nominal residual current of relay IEn 1A or 5A, set by software Permanent overload 25 A Thermal overload (1 s) 500 A Dynamic overload (0.01 s) 800 A Power draw ≤ 0.003 VA with IEn=1 A ≤ 0.07 VA with IEn=5 A — Voltmetric inputs Nominal phase-to-phase voltage of relay Un 50...130 V (UR = 100 V) Nominal phase voltage of relay En = Un / √3 - Permanent overload 1.3 Un Thermal overload (1 s) 2 Un Power draw (per phase with UR = 100 V) ≤ 0.2 VA — Residual voltage / Vsync voltage voltmetric input Nominal residual voltage of relay UEn 50...130 V (UER = 100 V) Permanent overload 1.3 UEn Thermal overload (1 s) 2 UEn Power draw (UER = 100 V) ≤ 0.2 VA — Digital inputs Number of inputs: • Input board (IN1-1...IN1-6) 6 • Control board (INC1...INC-5) 5 • External module DMRIS01 (DMRIS01-1, DMRIS01-12) 12 • External module DMRIS02 (DMRIS02-1, DMRIS02-12) 12 Type of circuit optocoupler Operational range as Uaux Minimum activation voltage 82.5 V Reset voltage 66 V Maximum current draw with excited input 3 mA Timers associated with the logical inputs • Acquisition delay OFF/ON (IN1-1 tON, INx-x tON) 0.00...100.0 s • Acquisition delay ON/OFF (IN1-1 tOFF, INx-x tOFF) 0.00...100.0 s Logic POSITIVE/NEGATIVE 3.3 OUTPUT CIRCUITS — Final electromechanical relays Number 6 Type of contact (KS1-1...KS1-6) closing (SPST-NO, type A) Nominal current 5 A Nominal voltage / maximum switchable voltage 250 V~/400 V~ Closing power (MAKE) 1000 W/VA Minimum switchable load 300 mW (5 V/ 5 mA) Mechanical service life 106 Electrical service life 105 Interrupting capacity: • DC (L/R = 40 ms) 0.2 A • AC (l = 0.4) 1250 VA Minimum pulse duration 0....500 ms (step 5 ms)

— Final solid state relays Number 4 Contact type: • 52CH, 52AP, Trip MV closing (SPST-NO, type A) • 80S NC closing (SPST-NC, type B) • 80S NO closing (SPST-NC, type A) Nominal current 10 A Nominal voltage 110 V- Interrupting capacity, DC (L/R = 40 ms) 4 A 3.4 MMI Display Backlight LCD graphic 128x64 px LEDs Number 20 • Ethernet, 61850 (green) 1 • Ethernet, local (green) 1 • Ethernet, remote module 1 (green) 1 • Ethernet, remote module 2 (green) 1 • Programmable (red-green-yellow) 16 Breaker position cross indicator LED Keypad 7 buttons Breaker control buttons AP - CH Reclosing selector Rocker switch 3.5 COMMUNICATIONS CIRCUITS — Local port Ethernet 10/100 Base TX • Protocol ModBus®TCP/IP • Connection RJ45 — Connection 61850 Ethernet 100 Base FX • Connection LC - Fibre optic 1300 nm • Protocol ModBus®TCP/IP, IEC51850 — Remote module connection Number 2 Ethernet 100 Base FX • Connection LC - Fibre optic 1300 nm • Protocol ModBus®TCP/IP, IEC61850

3.6 PROTECTION AND CONTROL FUNCTIONS Protection Functions Thresholds Operating time Shrink time trip 27CC (80.S) UCC< DEFINITE NO 32P P1> DEFINITE NO P2> DEFINITE NO 46 I2> DEFINITE/INVERSE YES I2>> DEFINITE/INVERSE YES 50/51 I> DEFINITE/INVERSE YES I>> DEFINITE/INVERSE YES I>>> DEFINITE YES I>>>> DEFINITE/INVERSE YES 50N/51N IE> DEFINITE/INVERSE YES IE>> DEFINITE YES IE>>> DEFINITE YES 51N(E) INe> DEFINITE/INVERSE YES INe>> DEFINITE YES 51N(Eme) IEeme> DEFINITE/INVERSE YES 51(SQL) ISQL> DEFINITE/INVERSE YES 59 U> DEFINITE/INVERSE NO U>> DEFINITE NO 59N UE> DEFINITE/INVERSE NO UE>> DEFINITE NO 59N(Eme) UEeme> DEFINITE/INVERSE NO 67 IPD> DEFINITE/INVERSE YES IPD>> DEFINITE/INVERSE YES IPD>>> DEFINITE YES IPD>>>> DEFINITE/INVERSE YES 67N IED> DEFINITE/INVERSE YES IED>>a DEFINITE/INVERSE YES IED>>b DEFINITE YES IED>>> DEFINITE YES 67N.Sb DEFINITE YES IED>>>> DEFINITE NO IED>>>>> DEFINITE NO Control Functions 25 79 RR RR+L RM1 RM2 RM3 74VT 74CT FSL FSL1 Logical selectivity FSL2 Logical selectivity

3.6 NOMINAL VALUES Clamp voltage value UE or V2 UE or V2 Phase correction V1-V2 0...360 ° Voltage value for synchrocheck V1 UL1/UL2/UL3 Nominal relay frequency (fn) 50, 60 Hz Nominal phase current IL1, IL2, IL3 of relay (In) 1 A or 5 A Nominal phase current ISQL- INe, IL3 of relay - In 1 A or 5 A Primary CT nominal current of phase - Inp 1 A...10 kA 1...499 A (step 1 A) 500...4990 A (step 10 A) 5000...10000 A (step 100 A) Nominal residual current of relay - IEn 1 A or 5 A Primary CT residual nominal current - Inp 1 A...10 kA 1...499 A (step 1 A) 500...4990 A (step 10 A) 5000...10000 A (step 100 A) Nominal phase-to-phase voltage of relay - Un 50...130 V (step 1 V) Nominal phase-to-phase voltage of relay V2 - Un2 50...130 V (step 1 V) Nominal phase voltage of relay - En En = Un / √3 Nominal residual voltage of relay with direct measurement - UEn 50...130 V (step 1 V) Nominal residual voltage of relay with calculated residual voltage - UECN UECN = Un ∙ √3 = En ∙ 3 Nominal active power of relay - Pn = √3 ∙ Un ∙ In = 3 ∙ En ∙ In - Nominal reactive power of relay - Qn = √3 ∙ Un ∙ In = 3 ∙ En ∙ In - Nominal apparent power of relay - Sn = √3 ∙ Un ∙ In = 3 ∙ En ∙ In- Nominal primary phase-to-phase VT line voltage - Unp 50 V...500 kV 50...499 V (step 1 V) 500...4990 V (step 10 V) 5000...49900 V (step 100 V) 50000...500000 V (step 1000 V) Nominal primary phase-to-phase VT residual voltage ∙√3 - UEnp 50 V...500 kV 50...499 V (step 1 V) 500...4990 V (step 10 V) 5000...49900 V (step 100 V) 50000...500000 V (step 1000 V) Nominal primary phase-to-phase V2 side VT voltage - Un2p 50 V...500 kV 50...499 V (step 1 V) 500...4990 V (step 10 V) 5000...49900 V (step 100 V) 50000...500000 V (step 1000 V) 3.7 PROTECTION FUNCTIONS — Direct undervoltage - 27CC (80.s) Threshold UCC< Definite time First definite time threshold (Ucc Parameters Tripping direction (P1>DIR) P Forward/P Reverse/P Forward/Reverse Reset delay (tP1>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time First definite time threshold (P1>def) 0.80...1.20 Pn (step 0.01 Pn) Operating time (tP1>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...99.9 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Back-up time (trP1>def) 0.05...0.50 s (step 0.01 s) Threshold P2> Parameters Tripping direction (P2>DIR) P Forward/P Reverse/P Forward/Reverse Reset delay (tP2>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time Second definite time threshold (P2>def) 0.80...1.20 Pn (step 0.01 Pn) Operating time (tP2>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...99.9 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Back-up time (trP2>def) 0.05...0.50 s (step 0.01 s)

— Negative sequence overcurrent - 46 Threshold I2> Type of characteristic I2> (I2>Curve) DEFINITE, IEC/BS A, B, B-LI, C, Reset delay (t2>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time First definite time threshold (I2>def) 0.050...25.0 In 0.050...0.995 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...9.99 In (step 0.01 In) 10.0...25.0 In (step 0.1 In) Operating time (t2>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink time trip (tcI2>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (ttatcI2>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Inverse time [1] First inverse time threshold (I2>inv) 0.050...20.0 In 0.050...0.999 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...20.00 In (step 0.01 In) Operating time (t2>inv) 0.02...60.0 s 0.02...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...60.0 s (step 0.1 s) Threshold I2>> Reset delay (t2>>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time Second definite time threshold (I2>>def) 0.050...25.0 In 0.050...0.995 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...9.99 In (step 0.01 In) 10.0...25.0 In (step 0.1 In) Operating time (t2>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink time trip (tcI2>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcI2>>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Inverse time Second inverse time threshold (I2>inv) 0.050...20.0 In 0.050...0.999 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...20.00 In (step 0.01 In) Operating time (t2>inv) 0.02...60.0 s 0.02...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...60.0 s (step 0.1 s) Note 1 Inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type A or SIT): t = 0.14 · t2>inv / [(I2/I2>inv)0.02 - 1] Very inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type B or VIT): t = 13.5 · t2> inv / [(I2/I2>inv) - 1] Long inverse time curve (IEC 255-3/BS B LTI): t = 120 · t2> inv / [(I2/I2>inv) - 1] Extremely inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type C or EIT): t = 80 · t2> inv / [(I2/I2>inv)2 - 1] t: operating time t2>inv: operating time regulation I2>inv: trip threshold regulation I2: measured current Asymptotic reference value: 1.1 I2>inv Minimum operating time: 0.1 s Dynamic: 1.1 ≤ I2/I2>inv ≤ 20 With regulation I2>inv greater than 2.5 In, the upper limit of the measurement range is 30 In

— Overcurrent - 50/51 Threshold I> Type of characteristic I> (I>Curve) DEFINITE, IEC/BS A, B, B-LI, C Reset delay I> (t>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time First definite time threshold (I>def) 0.050...25.0 In 0.050...0.995 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...9.99 In (step 0.01 In) 10.0...25.0 In (step 0.1 In) Operating time (t>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink time trip (tcI>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcI>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Inverse time[1] First inverse time threshold (I>inv) 0.050...20.00 In 0.050...0.995 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...20.00 In (step 0.01 In) Operating time (t>inv) 0.02...60.0 s 0.02...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...60.0 s (step 0.1 s) Threshold I>> Type of characteristic (I>>Curve) DEFINITE, IEC/BS A, B, B-LI, C Reset delay (t>>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time Second definite time threshold (I>>def) 0.050...25.0 In 0.050...0.995 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...9.99 In (step 0.01 In) 10.0...25.0 In (step 0.1 In) Operating time (t>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink time trip (tcI>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcI>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Inverse time Second inverse time threshold (I>inv) 0.050...20.00 In 0.050...0.995 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...20.00 In (step 0.01 In) Operating time (t>>inv) 0.02...10.00 s (step 0.01 s) Threshold I>>> Reset delay I>>> (t>>>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time Third definite time threshold (I>>>def) 0.050...25.0 In 0.050...0.995 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...9.99 In (step 0.01 In) 10.0...25.0 In (step 0.1 In) Note 1 Inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type A or SIT): t = 0.14 · t>inv / [(I/I>inv)0.02 - 1] Very inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type B or VIT): t = 13.5 · t> inv / [(I/I>inv) - 1] Long inverse time curve (IEC 255-3/BS B LTI): t = 120 · t> inv / [(I/I>inv) - 1] Extremely inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type C or EIT): t = 80 · t> inv / [(I/I>inv)2 - 1] t: operating time, minimum operating time: 0.1 s t>inv: operating time regulation I>inv: trip threshold regulation I: measured current Asymptotic reference value: 1.1 I>inv Dynamic: 1.1 ≤ I/I>inv ≤ 20, with regulation I>inv greater than 2.5 In, the upper limit of the measurement range is 30 In

Operating time (t>>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink time trip (tcI>>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcI>>>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Threshold I>>>> Type of characteristic (I>>>>Curve) DEFINITE, IEC/BS A, B, B-LI, C Reset delay (t>>>>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time Second definite time threshold (I>>>>def) 0.050...25.0 In 0.050...0.995 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...9.99 In (step 0.01 In) 10.0...25.0 In (step 0.1 In) Operating time (t>>>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink time trip (tcI>>>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcI>>>>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Inverse time Second inverse time threshold (I>>>>inv) 0.050...20.00 In 0.050...0.995 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...20.00 In (step 0.01 In) Operating time (t>>>>inv) 0.02...10.00 s (step 0.01 s) — Residual overcurrent - 50N/51N Threshold IE> Type of characteristic (IE>Curve) DEFINITE, IEC/BS A, B, B-LI, C Reset delay (tE>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time First definite time threshold (IE>def) 0.005...25.0 IEn 0.005...0.995 IEn (step 0.005 IEn) 1.00...9.99 IEn (step 0.01 IEn) 10.0...25.0 IEn (step 0.1 IEn Operating time (tE>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink time trip (tcIE>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcIE>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Inverse time[1] First inverse time threshold (IE>inv) 0.005...2.00 IEn 0.005...0.995 IEn (step 0.005 IEn) 1.00...2.00 IEn (step 0.01 IEn) Operating time (tE>inv) 0.02...60.0 s 0.02...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...60.0 s (step 0.1 s) Note1 Inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type A or SIT): t = 0.14 · tE>inv / [(IE/IE>inv)0.02 - 1] Very inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type B or VIT): t = 13.5 · tE>inv / [(IE/IE>inv) - 1] Long inverse time curve (IEC 255-3/BS B LTI): t = 120 · tE> inv / [(IE/IE>inv) - 1] Extremely inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type C or EIT): t = 80 · tE>inv / [(IE/IE>inv)2 - 1] t: operating time tE>inv: operating time regulation IE>inv: trip threshold regulation IE: measured residual current Asymptotic reference value: 1.1 IE>inv Minimum operating time: 0.1 s Dynamic: 1.1 ≤ IE/IE>inv ≤ 20 With regulation IE>inv greater than 0.5 IEn, the upper limit of the measurement range is 10 IEn

Threshold IE>> Reset delay (tE>>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time Second definite time threshold (IE>>def) 0.005...25.0 IEn 0.005...0.995 IEn (step 0.005 IEn) 1.00...9.99 IEn (step 0.01 IEn) 10.0...25.0 IEn (step 0.1 IEn Operating time (tE>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink time trip (tcIE>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcIE>>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Threshold IE>>> Reset delay (tE>>>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time Third definite time threshold (IE>>>def) 0.005...25.0 IEn 0.005...0.995 IEn (step 0.005 IEn) 1.00...9.99 IEn (step 0.01 IEn) 10.0...25.0 IEn (step 0.1 IEn Operating time (tE>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink time trip (tcIE>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcIE>>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) — Neutral overcurrent - 51N(E) Threshold INe> Type of characteristic (INe>Curve) DEFINITE, IEC/BS A, B, B-LI, C Reset delay (tNe>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time First definite time threshold (INe>def) 0.005...25.0 IEn 0.005...0.995 IEn (step 0.005 IEn) 1.00...9.99 IEn (step 0.01 IEn) 10.0...25.0 IEn (step 0.1 IEn Operating time (tNe>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink time trip (tcINe>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcINe>>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Inverse time[1] First inverse time threshold (INe>inv) 0.005...2.00 IEn 0.005...0.995 IEn (step 0.005 IEn) 1.00...2.00 IEn (step 0.01 IEn) Note1 Inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type A or SIT): t = 0.14 · tNe>inv / [(INe/INe>inv)0.02 - 1] Very inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type B or VIT): t = 13.5 · tNe>inv / [(INe/INe>inv) - 1] Long inverse time curve (IEC 255-3/BS B LTI): t = 120 · tNe> inv / [(INe/INe>inv) - 1] Extremely inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type C or EIT): t = 80 · tNe>inv / [(INe/INe>inv)2 - 1] t: operating time tNe>inv: operating time regulation INe>inv: trip threshold regulation INe: measured residual current Asymptotic reference value: 1.1 IENe>inv Minimum operating time: 0.1 s Dynamic: 1.1 ≤ INe/INe>inv ≤ 20; With regulation INe>inv greater than 0.5 IEn, the upper limit of the measurement range is 10 IEn

Operating time (tNe>inv) 0.02...60.0 s 0.02...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...60.0 s (step 0.1 s) Threshold INe>> Reset delay (tNe>>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time Second definite time threshold (INe>>def) 0.005...25.0 IEn 0.005...0.995 IEn (step 0.005 IEn) 1.00...9.99 IEn (step 0.01 IEn) 10.0...25.0 IEn (step 0.1 IEn Operating time (tE>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink time trip (tcNe>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcINe>>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) — Residual emergency overcurrent - 51N(Eme) Threshold INe> Type of characteristic (IEeme>Curve) DEFINITE, IEC/BS A, B, B-LI, C Reset delay (tEeme>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time First definite time threshold (IEeme>def) 0.005...25.0 IEn 0.005...0.995 IEn (step 0.005 IEn) 1.00...9.99 IEn (step 0.01 IEn) 10.0...25.0 IEn (step 0.1 IEn Operating time (tEeme>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink time trip (tcIEeme>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcIEeme>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Inverse time[1] First inverse time threshold (IEeme>inv) 0.005...2.00 IEn 0.005...0.995 IEn (step 0.005 IEn) 1.00...2.00 IEn (step 0.01 IEn) Operating time (tEeme>inv) 0.02...60.0 s 0.02...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...60.0 s (step 0.1 s) Note1 Inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type A or SIT): t = 0.14 · tEeme>inv / [(IE/IEeme>inv)0.02 - 1] Very inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type B or VIT): t = 13.5 · tEeme>inv / [(IE/IEeme>inv) - 1] Long inverse time curve (IEC 255-3/BS B LTI): t = 120 · tEeme> inv / [(IE/IEeme>inv) - 1] Extremely inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type C or EIT): t = 80 · tEeme>inv / [(IE/IEeme>inv)2 - 1] t: operating time tEeme>inv: operating time regulation IEeme>inv: trip threshold regulation IE: measured residual current Asymptotic reference value: 1.1 IEeme>inv Minimum operating time: 0.1 s Dynamic: 1.1 ≤ IE/IEeme>inv ≤ 20 With regulation IEeme>inv greater than 0.5 IEn, the upper limit of the measurement range is 10 IEn

— Neutral current unbalance - 51(SQL) Threshold ISQL> Type of characteristic (ISQL>Curve) DEFINITE, IEC/BS A, B, B-LI, C Reset delay I> (t>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time First definite time threshold (ISQL>def) 0.005...25.0 In 0.050...0.995 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...9.99 In (step 0.01 In) 10.0...25.0 In (step 0.1 In) Operating time (tSQL>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink time trip (tcISQL>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcISQL>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Inverse time[1] First inverse time threshold (ISQL>inv) 0.005...2.00 In 0.005...0.995 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...2.00 In (step 0.01 In) Operating time (tSQL>inv) 0.02...60.0 s 0.02...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...60.0 s (step 0.1 s) — Overvoltage - 59 Common configurations: Type of voltage measurement for 59 - phase-to-phase/phase (Utype59)[2] Uph-ph/Uph-n Operating logic 59 (Logic59) AND/OR Threshold U> Type of characteristic U> (U>Curve) DEFINITE/INVERSE Definite time First 59 definite time threshold (U>def) 0.500...1.500 Un (step 0.001 Un) Operating time U>def (tU>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Inverse time[3] First 59 inverse time threshold (U>inv) 0.500...1.500 Un (step 0.001 Un) Operating time (tU>inv) 0.10...100.0 s 0.10...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Threshold U>> Definite time Second definite time threshold (U>>def) 0.500...1.500 Un (step 0.001 Un) Operating time (tU>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Note 2 Inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type A or SIT): t = 0.14 · tSQL>inv / [(ISQL/ISQL>inv)0.02 - 1] Very inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type B or VIT): t = 13.5 · tSQL> inv / [(ISQL/ISQL>inv) - 1] Long inverse time curve (IEC 255-3/BS B LTI): t = 120 · tSQL> inv / [(ISQL/ISQL>inv) - 1] Extremely inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type C or EIT): t = 80 · tSQL> inv / [(ISQLISQL>inv)2 - 1] t: operating time, minimum operating time: 0.1 s tSQL>inv: operating time regulation ISQL>inv: trip threshold regulation ISQL: measured current Asymptotic reference value: 1.1 ISQL>inv Dynamic: 1.1 ≤ ISQL/ISQL>inv ≤ 20, with regulation ISQL>inv greater than 2.5 ISQLn, the upper limit of the measurement range is 30 ISQLn Note 2 With Uph-ph set on the MMI, all thresholds are expressed in p.u. Un,With Uph-n set on the MMI, all thresholds are expressed in p.u. En Note 3 The general formula for inverse time curves is: t = (0.5 ∙ tU>inv) / [(U/U>inv) - 1] t = operating time (in seconds) tU>inv = operating time regulation (in seconds), U = measured voltage U>inv= trip threshold regulation

— Residual overvoltage - 59N Common configurations: Type of residual voltage measurement for 59N- direct/calculated (3VoType59N) UE /UEC Threshold UE> Type of characteristic (UE>Curve) DEFINITE/INVERSE[1] Reset delay (tUE>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time First definite time threshold (UE>def) 0.001...1.000 UEn (step 0.001 UEn) Operating time (tUE>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Inverse time First 59N inverse time threshold (UE>inv) 0.001...1.000 UEn (step 0.001 UEn) Operating time v (tUE>inv) 0.10...100.0 s 0.10...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Threshold UE>> Reset delay (tUE>>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time Second definite time threshold (UE>>def) 0.01...0.70 UEn (step 0.01 UEn) Operating time (tUE>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) — Residual emergency overcurrent - 59N(eme) Common configurations: Type of residual voltage measurement for 59N- direct/calculated (3VoType59N) UE /UEC Threshold UEeme> Type of characteristic (UEeme>Curve) INVERSE/DEFINITE[2] Reset delay tUEeme>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time First definite time threshold (UEeme>def) 0.001...1.000 UEn (step 0.001 UEn) Operating time (tUEeme>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Inverse time First inverse time threshold (UEeme>inv) 0.001...1.000 UEn (step 0.001 UEn) Operating time (tUEeme>inv) 0.10...100.0 s 0.10...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Note 1 The general formula for inverse time curves is: t= (0.5 ∙ tUE>inv) / [(UE/UE>inv) - 1] t = operating time (in seconds) tUE>inv = operating time regulation (in seconds) UE = residual voltage (measured directly or calculated according to the measurement type configuration) UE>inv = trip threshold regulation Note 2 The general formula for inverse time curves is: t= (0.5 ∙ tUEeme>inv) / [(UE/UEeme>inv) - 1] t = operating time (in seconds) tUE>inv = operating time regulation (in seconds) UE = residual voltage (measured directly or calculated according to the measurement type configuration) UE>inv = trip threshold regulation

— Maximum directional current - 67 Common configurations: Operating mode 67 (Mode67) I/I∙cos Operating logic 67 (Logic67) 1/3 / 2/3 Threshold IPD> Type of characteristic (IPD>Curve) DEFINITE, IEC/BS A, B, C, B-LI Reset delay (tPD>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time First definite time threshold (IPD>def) 0.050...25.0 In 0.050...0.995 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...9.99 In (step 0.01 In) 10.0...25.0 In (step 0.1 In) Characteristic angle (ThetaPD>def) 0...359° (step 1°) Operating time (tPD>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Back-up time (trPD>def) 0.05...0.50 s (step 0.01 s) Shrink time trip (tcIPD>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcIPD>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Inverse time[1] First inverse time threshold (IPD>inv) 0.050...20.0 In 0.050...0.995 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...20.00 In (step 0.01 In) Characteristic angle (ThetaPD>inv) 0...359° (step 1°) Operating time (tPD>inv) 0.02...60.0 s 0.02...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...60.0 s (step 0.1 s) Threshold IPD>> Type of characteristic (IPD>>Curve) DEFINITE, IEC/BS A, B, C, B-LI Reset delay (tPD>>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time Second definite time threshold (IPD>>def) 0.050...25.0 In 0.050...0.995 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...9.99 In (step 0.01 In) 10.0...25.0 In (step 0.1 In) Characteristic angle (ThetaPD>>def) 0...359° (step 1°) Operating time (tPD>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Back-up time (trPD>>def) 0.05...0.50 s (step 0.01 s) Shrink time trip (tcISQL>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcIPD>>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Note1 Inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type A or SIT): t = 0.14 · tPD>inv / [(I/IPD>inv)0.02 - 1] Very inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type B or VIT): t = 13.5 · t> inv / [(I/IPD>inv) - 1] Long inverse time curve (IEC 255-3/BS B LTI): t = 120 · t> inv / [(I/IPD>inv) - 1] Extremely inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type C or EIT): t = 80 · tPD>inv / [(I/IPD>inv)2 - 1] t: operating time tPD>inv: operating time regulation IPD>inv: trip threshold regulation IPD: measured current Asymptotic reference value: 1.1 IPD>inv Minimum operating time: 0.1 s Dynamic: 1.1 ≤ I/IPD>inv ≤ 20 With regulation IPD>inv greater than 2.5 In, the upper limit of the measurement range is 30 In

Inverse time[1] Second inverse time threshold (IPD>>inv) 0.050...20.0 In 0.050...0.995 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...20.00 In (step 0.01 In) Characteristic angle (ThetaPD>>inv) 0...359° (step 1°) Operating time (tPD>>inv) 0.02...60.0 s 0.02...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...60.0 s (step 0.1 s) Threshold IPD>>> Reset delay IPD>>> (tPD>>>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time Third definite time threshold (IPD>>>def) 0.050...25.0 In 0.050...0.995 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...9.99 In (step 0.01 In) 10.0...25.0 In (step 0.1 In) Characteristic angle (ThetaPD>>>def) 0...359° (step 1°) Operating time (tPD>>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Back-up time (trPD>>>def) 0.05...0.50 s (step 0.01 s) Shrink time trip (tcIPD>>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcIPD>>>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Threshold IPD>>>> Type of characteristic (IPD>>>>Curve) DEFINITE, IEC/BS A, B, C, B-LI Reset delay IPD>>>> (tPD>>>>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time Fourth definite time threshold (IPD>>def) 0.050...25.0 In 0.050...0.995 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...9.99 In (step 0.01 In) 10.0...25.0 In (step 0.1 In) Characteristic angle (ThetaPD>>>>def) 0...359° (step 1°) Operating time (tPD>>>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Back-up time (trPD>>>>def) 0.05...0.50 s (step 0.01 s) Shrink time trip (tcIPD>>>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcIPD>>>>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Note1 Inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type A or SIT): t = 0.14 · tPD>inv / [(I/IPD>inv)0.02 - 1] Very inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type B or VIT): t = 13.5 · t> inv / [(I/IPD>inv) - 1] Long inverse time curve (IEC 255-3/BS B LTI): t = 120 · t> inv / [(I/IPD>inv) - 1] Extremely inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type C or EIT): t = 80 · tPD>inv / [(I/IPD>inv)2 - 1] t: operating time tPD>inv: operating time regulation IPD>inv: trip threshold regulation IPD: measured current Asymptotic reference value: 1.1 IPD>inv Minimum operating time: 0.1 s Dynamic: 1.1 ≤ I/IPD>inv ≤ 20 With regulation IPD>inv greater than 2.5 In, the upper limit of the measurement range is 30 In

Inverse time[1] Fourth inverse time threshold (IPD>>>>inv) 0.050...20.0 In 0.050...0.995 In (step 0.005 In) 1.00...20.00 In (step 0.01 In) Characteristic angle (ThetaPD>>>>inv) 0...359° (step 1°) Operating time (tPD>>>>inv) 0.02...60.0 s 0.02...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...60.0 s (step 0.1 s) — Ground directional overcurrent - 67N Common configurations: Operating mode 67N (Mode67N) I/I∙cos Type of residual voltage measurement for 67N - direct/calculated (3VoType67N) UE / UEC 67N threshold multiplier for insensitivity zone (M) 1.5...10.0 (step 0.1) Threshold IED> Type of characteristic (IED>Curve) DEFINITE, IEC/BS A, B, C, B-LI Reset delay (tED>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time First definite time threshold (IED>def - UED>def) Residual current operating time 0.005...25.0 IEn 0.005...0.995 IEn (step 0.005 IEn) 1.00...9.99 IEn (step 0.01 IEn) 10.0...25.0 IEn (step 0.1 IEn) Residual current trip value 0.001...1.000 UEn (step 0.001 UEn) Characteristic angle 0...359° (step 1°) Operating half-sector 1...180° (step 1°) Operating time (tED>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Back-up time (trED>def) 0.05...0.50 s (step 0.01 s) Shrink time trip (tcIED>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcIED>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Inverse time[2] First inverse time threshold (IED>inv - UED>inv) Residual current operating time 0.005...20.00 IEn 0.005...0.995 IEn (step 0.005 IEn) 1.00...20.00 IEn (step 0.01 IEn) Residual current trip value 0.001...1.000 UEn (step 0.001 UEn) Characteristic angle 0...359° (step 1°) Operating half-sector 1...180° (step 1°) Note1 Inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type A or SIT): t = 0.14 · tPD>inv / [(I/IPD>inv)0.02 - 1] Very inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type B or VIT): t = 13.5 · t> inv / [(I/IPD>inv) - 1] Long inverse time curve (IEC 255-3/BS B LTI): t = 120 · t> inv / [(I/IPD>inv) - 1] Extremely inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type C or EIT): t = 80 · tPD>inv / [(I/IPD>inv)2 - 1] t: operating time tPD>inv: operating time regulation IPD>inv: trip threshold regulation IPD: measured current Asymptotic reference value: 1.1 IPD>inv Minimum operating time: 0.1 s Dynamic: 1.1 ≤ I/IPD>inv ≤ 20 With regulation IPD>inv greater than 2.5 In, the upper limit of the measurement range is 30 In Note2 Inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type A or SIT): t = 0.14 · tED>inv / [(IE/IED>inv)0.02 - 1] Very inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type B or VIT): t = 13.5 · tED>inv / [(IE/IED>inv) - 1] Long inverse time curve (IEC 255-3/BS B LTI): t = 120 · tED>inv / [(IE/IED>inv) - 1] Extremely inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type C or EIT): t = 80 · tED>inv / [(IE/IED>inv)2 - 1] t: operating time tED>inv: operating time regulation IED>inv: trip threshold regulation IE: measured residual current Asymptotic reference value: 1.1 IED>inv Minimum operating time: 0.1 s Dynamic: 1.1 ≤ IE/IED>inv ≤ 20 With regulation IED>inv greater than 0.5 IEn, the upper limit of the measurement range is 10 IEn

Operating time (tED>inv) 0.02...60.0 s 0.02...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...60.0 s (step 0.1 s) Threshold IED>>a Type of characteristic (IED>>aCurve) DEFINITE, IEC/BS A, B, C, B-LI Reset delay (tED>>aRES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time Second definite time threshold (IED>>adef - UED>>adef) Residual current operating time 0.005...25.0 IEn 0.005...0.995 IEn (step 0.005 IEn) 1.00...9.99 IEn (step 0.01 IEn) 10.0...25.0 IEn (step 0.1 IEn) Residual current trip value 0.001...1.000 UEn (step 0.001 UEn) Characteristic angle 0...359° (step 1°) Operating half-sector 1...180° (step 1°) Operating time (tED>>adef) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Back-up time (trED>>adef) 0.05...0.50 s (step 0.01 s) Shrink time trip (tcIED>>adef) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink time operating time (tatcIED>>adef) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Inverse time[1] Second inverse time threshold (IED>>ainv - UED>>ainv) Residual current operating time 0.005...20.00 IEn 0.005...0.995 IEn (step 0.005 IEn) 1.00...20.00 IEn (step 0.01 IEn) Residual current trip value 0.001...1.000 UEn (step 0.001 UEn) Characteristic angle 0...359° (step 1°) Operating half-sector 1...180° (step 1°) Operating time (tED>>ainv) 0.02...60.0 s 0.02...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...60.0 s (step 0.1 s) Threshold IED>>b Reset delay (tED>>bRES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time Third definite time threshold (IED>>bdef - UED>>bdef) Residual current operating time 0.005...25.0 IEn 0.005...0.995 IEn (step 0.005 IEn) 1.00...9.99 IEn (step 0.01 IEn) 10.0...25.0 IEn (step 0.1 IEn) Residual current trip value 0.001...1.000 UEn (step 0.001 UEn) Characteristic angle 0...359° (step 1°) Operating half-sector 1...180° (step 1°) Operating time (tED>>bdef) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Back-up time (trED>>bdef) 0.05...0.50 s (step 0.01 s) Shrink time trip (tcIED>>bdef) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink time operating time (tatcIED>>bdef) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Note1 Inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type A or SIT): t = 0.14 · tED>>inv / [(IE/IED>>inv)0.02 - 1] Very inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type B or VIT): t = 13.5 · tED>>inv / [(IE/IED>>inv) - 1] Long inverse time curve (IEC 255-3/BS B LTI): t = 120 · tED>>inv / [(IE/IED>>inv) - 1] Extremely inverse time curve IEC 255-3/BS142 (type C or EIT): t = 80 · tED>>inv / [(IE/IED>>inv)2 - 1] t: operating time tED>>inv: operating time regulation IED>>inv: trip threshold regulation IE: measured residual current Asymptotic reference value: 1.1 IED>>inv Minimum operating time: 0.1 s Dynamic: 1.1 ≤ IE/IED>>inv ≤ 20 With regulation IED>>inv greater than 0.5 IEn, the upper limit of the measurement range is 10 IEn

Threshold IED>>> Reset delay (tED>>>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time Fourth definite time threshold (IED>>>def - UED>>>def) Residual current operating time 0.005...25.0 IEn 0.005...0.995 IEn (step 0.005 IEn) 1.00...9.99 IEn (step 0.01 IEn) 10.0...25.0 IEn (step 0.1 IEn) Residual current trip value 0.001...1.000 UEn (step 0.001 UEn) Characteristic angle 0...359° (step 1°) Operating half-sector 1...180° (step 1°) Operating time (tED>>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Back-up time (trED>>>def) 0.05...0.50 s (step 0.01 s) Shrink time trip (tcIED>>>def) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcIED>>>def) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Threshold 67N.Sb Reset delay (tED>>>>RES) 0.00...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Definite time Fifth 67N definite time threshold (IEDSbdef - UEDSbdef) Residual current operating time 0.005...25.0 IEn 0.005...0.995 IEn (step 0.005 IEn) 1.00...9.99 IEn (step 0.01 IEn) 10.0...25.0 IEn (step 0.1 IEn) Residual current trip value 0.001...1.000 UEn (step 0.001 UEn) Characteristic angle 0...359° (step 1°) Operating half-sector 1...180° (step 1°) Operating time (tEDSbdef) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Back-up time (trEDSbdef) 0.05...0.50 s (step 0.01 s) Shrink time trip (tcIEDSbdef) 0.05...1000 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...1000 s (step 1 s) Shrink activation time (tatcIEDSbdef) 1...60 s (step 1 s) Threshold IED>>>> (Intermittent faults) Residual current trip value 0.040...1.500 UEn (step 0.001 UEn) 59N startup drop-out delay (tED>>>>RRI59N) 0.05...100.0 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) 67N startup drop-out delay (tED>>>>RRI67N) 0.05...100.0 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Operating time (tED>>>def) 0.50...60.0 s 0.50...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...60.0 s (step 0.1 s) Maximum fault time for disable (tED>>>>Inb) 0.50...2.00 s (step 0.01 s) Disable hold time (tED>>>>1s) 0.50...2.00 s (step 0.01 s) Threshold IED>>>> (Evolving faults) Control threshold UE> (IED>>>>>-UE>) 0.040...1.500 UEn (step 0.001 UEn) 59N startup drop-out delay (tED>>>>>RRIC) 0.05...100.0 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Observation activation delay (tED>>>>>RAO) 0.05...100.0 s 0.05...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Observation time (tED>>>>>o) 0.50...2.00 s (step 0.01 s)

— EAC (Equilibratore Automatico di Carico) [ALB frequency (Automatic Load Balancer)] Block thresholds Minimum voltage Ueacdef 0.05 ...1.40 En ( step 0.05 En) Operating time tUeac> 0.05 ...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0 .. 99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100 ...1000 s (step 1 s) Maximum unbalance ULS>def 0.05 ...1.00 Um ( step 0.05 Um) Reset delay tULS>RES 0.00 ...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0 .. 100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Operating time tULS> 0.05 ...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0 .. 99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100 ...1000 s (step 1 s) Maximum frequency difference UG>def 10 ...200 mHz (step 1 mHz) Reset delay tUG>RES 0.00 ...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0 .. 100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Operating time tUG> 0.05 ...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0 .. 99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100 ...1000 s (step 1 s) Maximum active return power P-> -1.00 ...-0.01 Pn (step 0.01 Pn) Reset delay tP->RES 0.00 ...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0 .. 100.0 s (step 0.1 s) Operating time tP-> 0.05 ...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0 .. 99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100 ...1000 s (step 1 s) Maximum variation in consecutive periods UDT> 50 ...7000 us (step 10 us) Calculated means of f and df Number of mean frequency semi-periods 1 ... 32 (step 1) Number of first scale df/dt calculation semi-periods (0.1÷0.9 Hz/s) 0 ... 20 (step 1) Number of second scale df/dt calculation semi-periods (1÷4.9 Hz/s) 0 ... 20 (step 1) Number of third scale df/dt calculation semi-periods (5÷10 Hz/s) 0 ... 20 (step 1) Number of first scale df/dt calculation means (0.1÷0.9 Hz/s) Means (1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20) Number of second scale df/dt calculation means (1÷4.9 Hz/s) Means (1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20) Number of third scale df/dt calculation means (5÷10 Hz/s) Means (1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20) Threshold EAC1 Type f>/f<1a Maximum/Minimum Threshold f>/f<1a 45.00 ... 55.00 Hz (step 0.01 Hz) Operating time tf>/f<1a 0.00 ... 60.00 s (step 0.01 s) Type f>/f<1b Maximum/Minimum Threshold f>/f<1b 45.00 ... 55.00 Hz (step 0.01 Hz) Operating time tf>/f<1b 0.00 ... 60.00 s (step 0.01 s) Threshold df>1 0.1 ... 10.00 Hz/s (step 0.1 Hz/s) Operating time tdf>1 0.00 ... 60.00 s (step 0.01 s) Threshold EAC2 Type f>/f<2a Maximum/Minimum Threshold f>/f<2a 45.00 ... 55.00 Hz (step 0.01 Hz) Operating time tf>/f<2a 0.00 ... 60.00 s (step 0.01 s) Type f>/f<2b Maximum/Minimum Threshold f>/f<2b 45.00 ... 55.00 Hz (step 0.01 Hz) Operating time tf>/f<2b 0.00 ... 60.00 s (step 0.01 s) Threshold df>2 0.1 ... 10.00 Hz/s (step 0.1 Hz/s) Operating time tdf>2 0.00 ... 60.00 s (step 0.01 s) — Second harmonic restraint - 2ndh-REST Second harmonic restraint threshold (I2ndh>) 10...50 % (step 1 %) Reset delay (t2ndh>RES) 0...100.0 s 0.00...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...100.0 s (step 0.1 s)

3.8 CONTROL FUNCTIONS — Synchrocheck relay - 25 Common configurations: Minimum stabilisation time (tSTAB) 0.10...10.00 s (step 0.01 s) Breaker closing time (tCB-CLOSE) 0.02...0.20 s (step 0.01 s) Synchronisation timeout (timeout-SYNC) 1...20 min (step 1 min) Synchronisation emission delay (tSYNC) 0.00...60.0 s 0.00...9.99 (step 0.01 s) 1.0...60.0 (step 0.1 s) Upper voltage limit threshold (Vmax-SYNC) 0.50...1.50 En-Un2 (step 0.01 En) Lower voltage limit threshold (Vmin-SYNC) 0.20...1.50 Un/En/Un2 (step 0.01 En) Permitted frequency range for V1, V2 (fRANGE) fn ±0.5...3.0 Hz (step 0.01 Hz) Frequency measurement repeatability (Rof>-SYNC) 0.00...0.60 Hz (step 0.05 Hz) Parameters: Synchronism/asynchronism threshold (df-GRID) 0.01...0.10 Hz (step 0.01 Hz) Frequency difference with f1>f2 (df12-SYNC) 0.02...1.00 Hz (step 0.01 Hz) Frequency difference with f2>f1 (df21-SYNC) 0.02...1.00 Hz (step 0.01 Hz) Voltage difference with V1>V2 (dV12-SYNC) 0.01...0.40 Un/En-Un2 (step 0.01 V) Voltage difference with V2>V1 (dV21-SYNC) 0.01...0.40 Un/En-Un2 (step 0.01 V) Phase difference with V2 in advance of V1 (dp12-SYNC) 1...60 °(step 1 degree) Phase difference with V2 behind V1 (dp21-SYNC) 1...60 °(resolution 0.01 V) No voltage threshold V1 (V1<-SYNC) 0.05...0.60 En (step 0.01 V) No voltage threshold V2 (V2<-SYNC) 0.05...0.60 En (step 0.01 V) Minimum no voltage time V1 (tV1) 0.05...0.50 En (step 0.01 V) Negative sequence overcurrent threshold for 74VT (I2VT>) 0.05...0.50 In (step 0.01 In ) Minimum phase voltage threshold for 74VT (UVT<) 0.05...0.50 En (step 0.01 V) Minimum current variation threshold for 74VT (DIVT<) 0.05...0.50 In (step 0.01 In ) Minimum current disable threshold for 74VT (IVT<) 0.100...25.0 In 0.100...0.999 In (step 0.001 In ) 1.00...9.99 In (step 0.01 In) 10.0...25.0 In (step 0.1 In) Alarm delay (tVT-AL) 0.0...10.0 s (step 0.1 s) — CT Monitoring - 74CT Threshold 74CT (S<) 0.10...0.95 (step 0.01) Maximum current threshold 74CT (I*) 0.10...1.00 In (step 0.01 In) Operating time S< (tS<) 0.03...200 s 0.03...9.99 s (step 0.01 s) 10.0...99.9 s (step 0.1 s) 100...200 s (step 1 s) — Breaker failure - BF Phase current threshold for BF (IBF>) 0.05...1.00 In (step 0.01 In) Residual current threshold for BF (IEBF>) 0.01...2.00 In (step 0.01 IEn) Operating time (tBF) 0.06...10.00 s (step 0.01 s) — Breaker coils control monitoring Pulse duration CH 2 ÷ 5 ms (step 1 ms) Pulse duration AP 2 ÷ 5 ms (step 1 ms) — Opening command breaker diagnostics Opening counter threshold (N.Open) 0...10000 (step 1) Command under load counter threshold (N.MnvLoad) 0...10000 (step 1) No load command counter threshold (N.MnvLoad) 0...10000 (step 1) Command under load current threshold (MnvLoad>) 0.00...1.00 In (step 0.01 In) Interrupted current sum threshold (SumI) 0...5000 In (step 1 In) Opening time for calculation SI2t (tbreak) 0.05...1.00 s (step 0.01 s) Interrupted I^2t sum threshold (SumI^2t) 0...5000 In2.s (step 1 In2.s) Maximum admitted opening time (tbreak>) 0.05...0.50 s (step 0.01 s) — Closing command breaker diagnostics Closing counter threshold (N.Close) 0...10000 (step 1) Maximum admitted closing time (tclose>) 0.05...0.50 s (step 0.01 s)

3.9 MEASUREMENTS — Precision (type tests) VALUE Reference value Tolerance Reference value Tolerance Measured phase current ≥ 20 mA 1% < 20 mA 1% ± 2 mA Reconstructed phase current ≥ 20 mA 1% < 20 mA 1% ± 2 mA Measured residual current ≥ 20 mA 1% < 20 mA 1% ± 2 mA Calculated residual current ≥ 20 mA 1% < 20 mA 1% ± 2 mA Phase voltage ≥ 1 V 1% < 1 V 1% ± 50 mV Measured residual voltage ≥ 1 V 1% < 1 V 1% ± 50 mV Calculated residual voltage ≥ 1 V 1% < 1 V 1% ± 50 mV Power ≥ 20 mA and ≥ 1 V 1% < 20 mA or < 1 V 2.5 % Frequency 0.02 Un 5 mHz 1 Un 3 mHz Angles (protection 67) ≥ 20 mA and ≥ 1 V 0.5° < 20 mA or < 1 V 1° Angles (protection 67N) ≥ 0.005 IEn and 0.01 UEn 0.5° < 0.005 IEn and 0.01 UEn 1° Startup and operating time 1.2 x threshold regulation 1.5% ± 5 ms — Measurements Direct Frequency (f) RMS fundamental phase currents (IL1, IL2, IL3) RMS fundamental phase voltages (UL1, UL2, UL3) RMS fundamental residual current (IE) RMS fundamental residual voltage (UE) RMS fundamental unbalance current (ISQL) RMS fundamental neutral current (INe) Auxiliary voltage Auxiliary voltage (Uaux) Breaker coils current Breaker coils current (ICBcoil) Calculated Phase-to-phase voltages (U12, U23, U31) Calculated residual voltage (UEC) Reconstructed L2 phase current (IL2C) Maximum current between IL1-IL2-IL3 (ILmax) Minimum current between IL1-IL2-IL3 (ILmin) Mean current between IL1-IL2-IL3 (IL) Maximum voltage between UL1-UL2-UL3 (ULmax) Mean voltage between UL1-UL2-UL3 (UL) Maximum voltage between U12-U23-U31 (Umax) Mean voltage between U12-U23-U31 (U) Phase shift Phase shift of IL1 relative to UL1 (PhiL1) Phase shift of IL2 relative to UL2 (PhiL2) Phase shift of IL3 relative to UL3 (PhiL3) Phase shift of IL1 relative to U23 (Alpha1) Phase shift of IL2 relative to U31 (Alpha2) Phase shift of IL3 relative to U12 (Alpha3) Phase shift of UE relative to IE (PhiE) Phase shift of UEC relative to IE (PhiEC) — Automatic reclosing - 79 Reclosing program (79 Mode) Rapid/Rapid+Slow Number of memorised reclosings (N.DAR) 0...5 (step 1) Rapid wait (trdt) 0.10...1.00 s (step 0.01 s) Slow wait (tsdt) 1...200 s (step 1 s) Phase trip neutralisation time (trf) 1...200 s (step 1 s) Ground trip neutralisation time (trt) 1...200 s (step 1 s) Rapid closing discrimination time (tdr) 0...10 s (step 1 s) Slow closing discrimination time (tdl) 0...10 s (step 1 s) Memorized closing discrimination time (tdm) 0...10 s (step 1 s) Intentional closing discrimination time (td) 1...10 s (step 1 s)

Sequences Direct sequence current (I1) Inverse sequence current (I2) Direct sequence current with reconstructed IL2 (I1C) Inverse sequence current with reconstructed IL2 (I2C) Direct sequence voltage (U1) Inverse sequence voltage (U2) Power Total active power (P) Total reactive power (Q) Total apparent power (S) Power factor (cosPhi) Phase active power (PL1, PL2, PL3) Phase reactive power (QL1, QL2, QL3) Phase power factor (CosPhiL1, CosPhiL2, CosPhiL3) Total harmonic distortion Total harmonic distortion of L3 current (IL3-THD) Total harmonic distortion of L3 voltage (UL3-THD) Second harmonic Phase current second harmonic (IL1-2nd, IL2-2nd, IL3-2nd) Maximum percentage ratio of second harmonic of phase currents/fundamental component (IL1-2nd /IL1, IL2-2nd/IL1, IL3-2nd/IL1) Third harmonic Phase current third harmonic (IL1-3rd, IL2-3rd, IL3-3rd) Residual current third harmonic (IE-3rd) Residual voltage third harmonic (UE-3rd) Fourth harmonic Phase current fourth harmonic (IL1-4th, IL2-4th, IL3-4th) Fifth harmonic Phase current fifth harmonic (IL1-5th, IL2-5th, IL3-5th) Sinchro check (25) Voltage V1 (V1) Voltage V2 (V2) Frequency V1 (fV1) Frequency V2 (fV2) Voltage differential V1 V2 (DV) Frequency differential V1 V2 (Df) Phase shift of V2 relative to V1 (Phi V1V2) Averaged phase currents Fixed mean phase current (IL1FIX, IL2FIX, IL3FIX) Mobile mean phase current (IL1ROL, IL2ROL, IL3ROL) Phase overcurrent (IL1MAX, IL2MAX, IL3MAX) Minimum phase current (IL1MIN, IL2MIN, IL3MIN) Averaged phase-to-phase voltages Fixed mean phase-to-phase voltages (U12FIX, U23FIX, U31FIX) Mobile mean phase-to-phase voltages (U12ROL, U23ROL, U31ROL) Maximum phase-to-phase voltages (U12MAX, U23MAX, U31MAX) Minimum phase-to-phase voltages (U12MIN, U23MIN, U31MIN) Average total harmonic distortion Fixed mean total harmonic distortion of L3 current (THDIL3FIX) Fixed mean total harmonic distortion of L3 voltage (THDUL3FIX) Mobile mean total harmonic distortion of L3 current (THDIL3ROL) Mobile mean total harmonic distortion of L3 voltage (THDUL3ROL) Maximum total harmonic distortion of L3 current (THDIL3MAX) Maximum total harmonic distortion of L3 voltage (THDUL3MAX) Minimum total harmonic distortion of L3 current (THDIL3MIN) Minimum total harmonic distortion of L3 voltage (THDUL3MIN) Averaged powers Fixed mean active power (PFIX) Fixed mean reactive power (QFIX) Mobile mean active power (PROL) Mobile mean reactive power (QROL) Maximum active power (PMAX) Maximum reactive power (QMAX) Minimum active power (PMIN) Minimum reactive power (QMIN)

Averaged to 10 s 10 s mean of phase currents (IL1IST, IL2IST, IL3IST) 10 s mean of reconstructed L2 phase current (IL2CIST) 10 s mean of phase-to-phase voltages (U12IST, U23IST, U31IST) 10 s mean of active power (PIST) 10 s mean of reactive power (QIST) !0 s mean of total harmonic distortion of L3 current (THDIL3IST) !0 s mean of total harmonic distortion of L3 voltage (THDUL3IST)

4 FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS 4.1 CONFIGURABILITY The DMC3S multifunctional panel features a modular construction with removable boards. The panel can be customised for a variety of types of riser; the type of riser can be selected in the Set \ Base menu. The firmware selected on the panel defines the measured values of amperometric channel C2, while the measurements on voltmetric channel V4 must be selected from UE and V2 in the Set \ Base menu. Measurement channels Channel Type of channel Measurement V1 Analogue voltage measurement channel Phase voltage UL1 V2 Analogue voltage measurement channel Phase voltage UL2 V3 Analogue voltage measurement channel Phase voltage UL3 V4 Analogue voltage measurement channel Phase voltage UE / Vsync C1 Analogue current measurement channel Phase current IL1 C2 Analogue current measurement channel Phase current IL2 / ISQL / IE C3 Analogue current measurement channel Phase current IL3 C4 Analogue current measurement channel Residual current IE Channel C2 Correspondence to panel A2 Type of riser Assignment of channel C2 901 MV line stall Measurement IL2 910 Capacitor stall Measurement ISQL 922 TFN stall Second measurement channel IE 907 Coupler stall No measurement (IL2) [1] 905 Transfer bar No measurement (IL2) [1] 917 User HV line stall No measurement (IL2) [1] Note 1 The system assigns the measurement to IL2 even when the input is not connected IL1 IL2 IE ISQL CURRENT INPUTS MA C1 C2 C3 MA-1 MA-2 MA-3 MA-4 MA-5 MA-6 IL3 NONE Depending on the assignment of channel C2, the measurement and protection functions are given in the table: Measurement functions of channel C2 Measurement assigned to C2 Measurement and protection functions Correspondence to panel A2 None 32P (UL1; UL2; UL3; IL1; IL3) 51 (IL1; IL3) 67 (U12; U23; U31; IL1; IL3; -IE) 46 (not used) 51SQL (not active) 905 - 907 - 917 IL2 32P (UL1; UL2; UL3; IL1; IL2; IL3) 51 (IL1; IL2; IL3) 67 (U12; U23; U31; IL1; IL2; IL3) 46 (UL1; UL2; UL3; IL1; IL2; IL3) 51SQL (not active) 901 ISQL 32P (UL1; UL2; UL3; IL1; IL3) 51 (IL1; IL3) 67 (U12; U23; U31; IL1; IL3; -IE) 46 (not used) 51SQL 910 Second measurement channel IE(51N) 32P (UL1; UL2; UL3; IL1; IL3) 51 (IL1; IL3) 67 (U12; U23; U31; IL1; IL3; -IE) 46 (not used) 922

4.2 ADDITIONAL EXTERNAL MODULES An external I/O module is available to increase the number of final output relays and digital inputs. The DMRIS0 module includes: • 2 final relay with transfer contact • 12 digital inputs with common contact • one RS232 serial port for setting the IP address The electrical specifications (auxiliary power, specifications of digital inputs and output relays) are identical to those of the I/O circuits on board the panel. Connection to the DMC3S panel is via fibre optics with LC connectors. One or two DMRIS0 modules can be connected. IEC 101 NET MOD 2 MOD 1

4.3 DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION — Measurement conventions Phasor direction of rotation The conventional direction of rotation assumed for the voltage and current phasors is counterclock- wise. Cyclic phase sequence For a set of three voltage or current phasors rotating counterclockwise, one conventionally assumes a direct cycle if the three phases follow the sequence L1, L2, L3, and an inverse cycle when the sequence is L1, L3, L2. Sign conventional for phase shifts[1] Note 1  The phase shift regulation and display ranges are 0°... 359° fasori.ai Positive cyclic direction triple Negative cyclic direction triple UL1,IL1 UL3,IL3 UL2,IL2 UL1,IL1 UL2,IL2 UL3,IL3 convenzioni-sfasamenti.ai Phase shift of IL1 relative to phase voltage UL1 (measured in the counterclockwise direction) Phase shift of IL1 relative to phase-to-phase voltage U23 (measured in the counterclockwise direction) Phase shifts (current in advance) PhiL1=30° IL1 UL2 UL3 UL1 (current delayed) PhiL1=330° IL1 UL2 UL3 UL1 Alpha1=120° U23 U23 IL1 UL2 UL3 UL1 Alpha1=60° U23 U23 IL1 UL2 UL3 UL1

— Logical inputs The input module has 6 inputs, with 5 inputs on the Control module. The no-voltage inputs must be controlled by applying an external voltage (usually the auxiliary power voltage). Refer to the insertion diagrams for the hookup scheme. Each input has the following configurable parameters: • Logic: DIRECT (active when the input is powered), or INVERSE (active without voltage to the input). • Trip delay (IN1-1 tON, IN1-2 tON... IN1-6 tON) and drop-out delay (IN1-1 tOFF, IN1-2 tOFF... IN1-6 tON ). • Mapping functions to the input module inputs (IN1-1...IN1-6).[1] The Trip and Deactivation timer settings provide for inserting a programmable delay on input signal transitions; in particular, the positive transition is considered valid only if the input remains stably active for at least the programmed delay tON; in the same way, for negative transitions, the input must remain inactive for at least the programmed delay tOFF. Each logical input on the input board (IN1-1...IN1-6) can be mapped to one of the default functions listed below. The parameters can be set in the menu Set \ Input board inputs. FUNCTIONS Logical inputs IN1-1 IN1-2 IN1-3 IN1-4 IN1-5 IN1-6 Signal reset       Reset counters       Reset CB Monitor (resets the breaker monitoring data)       52a (auxiliary contact acquisition)       52b (auxiliary contact acquisition)       Breaker open       Breaker close       Logical block       Remote trip       Remote control       Return voltage with CB open       Trip time contraction       Each logical input on the external DMRIS0 board (DMRIS01-1...DMRIS01-12 and DMRIS02-1...DM- RIS02-12) can be mapped to one of the default functions listed below.. FUNCTIONS Logical inputs DMRIS01-1 DMRIS01-2 DMRIS01-x DMRIS02-1 DMRIS02-x SZTT position closed (89ccX)      SZTT position open (89ccX)      52 inserted      52 selected      63G Alarm      63G Trip      No voltage to MV breaker (80S)      Spring load breaker trip (6L)      CH-port for (BLP) block      Springs unloaded (X33)      Note1 The control board function mappings are not programmable BINARY INPUT INTERNAL STATE tON tON tOFF tOFF t

— Output relays The following are available: • 6 electromechanical relays (KS1-1...KS1-1...6), • 4 solid state relays Each final relay is independently programmable with operating mode normally excited or de-excit- ed (EXCITED/DE-EXCITED LOGIC) and non-memorised, pulse or memorized operating mode (NON-MEMORISED/PULSE/MEMORIZED OPERATING MODE ). A programmable timer is available for each final relay, which sets the minimum pulse duration of the relay itself. The parameters can be set in the menu Set \ Relays. Programming and configuration area available at any time, even with the relay in service, inde- pendently for each relay. Detailed information: • If a final relay is set to normally de-excited, it remains in standby at input values corresponding to no trip • If a final relay is set to normally excited, it remains in operation when powered and at input values corresponding to no trip • If the relay is set to automatic reset (Operating mode NON-MEMORIZED), it switches to standby when the anomalous condition of the input value ceases. A timer can be set for each final relay to set the minimum hold time when the relay is actuated (Minimum operating time) • If manual reset is set (Operating mode MEMORIZED), the final relay remains actuated until the RESET button is pressed or the respective command is sent via software (ThySetter of comms bus) • If set to pulse mode (Operating mode PULSE), the final relay switches to standby after a pro- grammable delay (Minimum operating time) regardless of the condition of the input values Output relays KS1-1...KS1-6 can be assigned independently in the menu for the individual; protection functions, as shown in the matrix described below (Tripping Matrix).[1][2] Each relay on the external DMRIS0 board (DMRIS01-1...DMRIS01-12 and DMRIS02-1...DMRIS02-12) can be mapped to one of the default functions listed below.. FUNCTIONS Output relays Output DMRIS01-1 Output DMRIS01-2 CH-port for (BLP) block   No TFN/ HV client riser (80S)   Note 1 When assigning functions to the output relays, take care to avoid conflicts between different functions. The default factory settings provide for deactivation of all output relays. Note2 The functions of the solid state outputs are not programmable INPUT OUTPUT MEMORIZED OUTPUT NOT MEMORIZED PULSE OUTPUT Final relay operating modes Minimum activation time tTR Relay-timers.ai t tTR

FUNCTIONS RELAY KS1-1 K1-2 K1-3 K1-4 K1-5 K1-6 Anomaly (Self test)       Start of first protection threshold 27CC (80.S-ST-K)       Trip of first protection threshold 27CC (80.S-ST-K)       Start of first protection threshold 32P (P1>ST-K)       Trip of first protection threshold 32P (P1>TR-K)       Start of second protection threshold 32P (P2>ST-K)       Trip of second protection threshold 32P (P2>ST-K)       Start of first protection threshold 46 (I2>ST-K)       Trip of first protection threshold 46 (I2>TR-K)       Start of second protection threshold 46 (I2>>ST-K)       Trip of second protection threshold 46 (I2>TR-K)       Start of first protection threshold 50/51 (I>ST-K)       Trip of first protection threshold 50/51 (I>TR-K)       Start of second protection threshold 0/51 (I>>ST-K)       Trip of second protection threshold 50/51 (I>>TR-K)       Start of third protection threshold 50/51 (I>>>ST-K)       Trip of third protection threshold 50/51 (I>>>TR-K)       Start of fourth protection threshold 50/51 (I>>>>ST-K)       Trip of fourth protection threshold 50/51 (I>>>>TR-K)       Start of first protection threshold 50N/51N (IE>ST-K)       Trip of first protection threshold 50N/51N (IE>TR-K)       Start of second protection threshold 0N/51N (IE>>ST-K)       Trip of second protection threshold 50N/51N (IE>>TR-K)       Start of third protection threshold 50N/51N (IE>>>ST-K)       Trip of third protection threshold 50N/51N (IE>>>TR-K)       Start of first protection threshold 51N(Eme) (IEeme>ST-K)       Trip of first protection threshold 51N(Eme) (IEeme>TR-K)       Start of first protection threshold 51N(E) (INe>ST-K)       Trip of first protection threshold 51N(E) (INe>TR-K)       Start of second protection threshold 1N(E) (INe>> ST-K)       Trip of second protection threshold 51N(E) (INe>>TR-K)       Start of first protection threshold 51(SQL) (ISQL>ST-K)       Trip of first protection threshold 51(SQL) (ISQL>TR-K)       Start of first protection threshold 59 (U>ST-K)       Trip of first protection threshold 59 (U> TR-K)       Start of second protection threshold 9 (U>>ST-K)       Trip of second protection threshold 59 (U>>TR-K)       Start of first protection threshold 59N (UE>ST-K)       Trip of first protection threshold 59N (UE>TR-K)       Start of second protection threshold 9N (UE>>ST-K)       Trip of second protection threshold 59N (UE>>TR-K)       Start of first protection threshold 59N(Eme) (UEeme>ST-K)       Trip of first protection threshold 59N(Eme) (UEeme>TR-K)       Start of first protection threshold 67 (IPD>ST-K)       Trip of first protection threshold 67 (IPD>TR-K)       Start of second protection threshold 7 (IPD>>ST-K)       Trip of second protection threshold 67 (IPD>>TR-K)       Start of third protection threshold 67 (IPD>>>ST-K)       Trip of third protection threshold 67 (IPD>>>TR-K)       Start of fourth protection threshold 67 (IPD>>>>ST-K)       Trip of fourth protection threshold 67 (IPD>>>>TR-K)       Start of first protection threshold 67N (IED>ST-K)       Trip of first protection threshold 67N (IED>TR-K)       Start of second protection threshold 67N (IED>>ST-K)       Trip of second protection threshold 67N (IED>>TR-K)       Start of third protection threshold 67N (IED>>>ST-K)       Trip of third protection threshold 67N (IED>>>TR-K)       Start of fourth protection threshold 67N (IED>>>>ST-K)       Trip of fourth protection threshold 67N (IED>>>>TR-K)      

AUTOMATION AND CONTROL FUNCTIONS RELAY KS1-1 K1-2 K1-3 K1-4 K1-5 K1-6 Output block of monitoring function VT (74VT-BK-K)       Monitoring function alarm VT (74VT-AL-K)       Monitoring function trip CT (S

— Reset timers For each threshold of the following protection functions: • 32P • 46 • 50/51 • 50N/51N • 51N(E) • 51N(Eme) • 51(SQL) • 59N • 59N(eme) • 67 • 67N • 2ndh-REST an adjustable reset time is available (symbol for the first threshold 32 (tP1>RES, tP2>RES). The start signal reset is delayed by an adjustable amount when the threshold violation condition expires. — Shrink time For each threshold, programmed with an definite time characteristic, of the following protection functions: • 46 • 50/51 • 50N/51N • 51N(E) • 51N(Eme) • 51(SQL) • 67 • 67N the contracted time can be selected. When the breaker closes, during the operating time (e.g.: tatcI>def) the value of the trip time (e.g.: t>def ) is replaced by the contracted time (e.g.: tcI>def ). When the operating time expires, the trip time is reset (e.g.: t>def ). P1> Start P1> Trip RESET INPUT tP1>RES tP1>def tP1>def tP1>RES tP1>RES t Timers for the frst threshold of the active directional maximum power protection - 32P tatcI>def tcI>def t>def t>def Timers for the frst threshold of the overcurrent protection 50/51 BREAKER OPEN Breaker state Shrink time enable Threshold timer (e.g.: I> 50/51) t BREAKER CLOSED OFF Shrink time trip ON

— Back-up Time For each threshold, programmed with an definite time characteristic, of the following directional protection functions: • 32P • 67 • 67N the Back-up Time can be set. Example: directional current function first threshold back-up time (e.g.: trPD>def), the parameter is in the menu Set \ Protections \ Maximum directional current - 67 \ Threshold IPD> \ Definite time. The back-up time is included in the logic of the selective block, the operation of which is described elsewhere.

— Direct undervoltage - 27CC Preface The protection has an adjustable, delayable threshold with definite time characteristic. Measurement criterion The protection measures the panel's auxiliary power voltage (Uaux): Operation and settings The measured voltage is compared with the threshold setpoint; when the measured voltage drops below a set threshold the threshold itself starts (Start) and the respective timer starts counting. If the condition persists, when the operating time expires, the threshold trips (Trip), otherwise the threshold is reset. The protection threshold can be enabled or disabled by setting to ON or OFF the parameter UCC< Enable in the menu Set \ Protections \ Direct undervoltage - 27CC \ Threshold UCC< \ Parameters and/or State in the menu Set \ Protections \ Direct undervoltage - 27CC \ Threshold UCC< \ Definite time. Logical block (Block1) If parameter UCC

— Maximum directional active power - 32P Measurement criterion The protection calculates the active power P using the formula: P=UL1IL1cosfL1+ UL2IL2cosfL2+UL3IL3cosfL3 where UL1, UL2, UL3 are the fundamental components of the three phase voltages measured by the TVs on the generator side, IL1, IL2, IL3 are the fundamental components of the three phase currents, cosfL1, cosfL2, cosfL3 are the power factors of the three phases and fL1, fL2, fL3, are the phase shifts of the phase currents IL1, IL2, IL3 relative to the phase voltages UL1, UL2, UL3 respectively, considered conventionally positive with the currents delayed relative to the voltages. If the current IL2 is not available, it is reconstructed vectorially. For the active power sign conventions, refer to the insertion diagram. Regulations The protection is enabled at start and trip according to the trip direction settings, which are pro- grammed independently for the two thresholds. Trip direction setting: Direct (Forward): Trip direction setting: Inverse (Reverse): Trip direction setting: Direct/Inverse (Forward/Reverse): P Q Trip characteristic of the threshold P1> of the Directional active overpower function (32P) Trip direction setting: P Positive TRIP P1> P Q Trip characteristic of the threshold P1> of the Directional active overpower function (32P) Trip direction setting: P Negative TRIP P1> P Q Trip characteristic of the threshold P1> of the Directional active overpower function (32P) Trip direction setting: P Positive/Negative TRIP P1> TRIP P1>

The function has two adjustable trip thresholds (P1>, P2>) which can be also be delayed (tP1>, tP2>), with definite time characteristics. Operating logic When the measured active power exceeds the set threshold, the threshold itself starts (Start) and the timer starts counting. If the condition persists, when the operating time expires, the threshold trips (Trip), otherwise the threshold is reset. Each threshold can be enabled or disabled. An adjustable reset time can be set for each of the two thresholds (tP1>RES, tP2>RES). Logical block (Block1) If a logical input is configured with a logical block function and one or more thresholds of function 32P are enabled for that block (P1>BLK1 and/or P2>BLK1), the corresponding threshold is blocked for the activation duration of the logical input itself. The trip timer is held in reset, so that the trip time count starts only when the block signal expires.[1] The enable parameters can be set in Set \ Protections \ Directional active overpower - 32P \ Threshold P1, Threshold P2 > \ Parameters, while the logical block is assigned to the input in the menu Set \ Input board inputs \ Input IN1-1, (Input IN1-x). Functional block (Block3) If the voltmetric measurement chain fails (function 74VT tripped) or amperometric measurement chain fails (function 74CT tripped), all thresholds of protection 32P are blocked. Note 1 For details, refer to the paragraph describing the MONITORING AND CONTROL FUNCTIONS “Logical block (Block1)” P P1> t tP1> General characteristic of the operating time for the frst threshold of the directional active maximum function (32P) TRIP P1> TRIP General functional diagram of the Directional active overpower function (32P) Threshold P1> Threshold P2> Block1 Block1 Block3 Block3 P BF P1> Start P1> Trip Block1 Block1 P BF P2> Start P2> Trip P1>DIR P1>def tP1>def P2>DIR P2>def tP2>def tP1>RES tP2>RES P1> Start P1> Trip RESET INPUT tP1>RES tP1>def tP1>def tP1>RES tP1>RES t Timers for the frst threshold of the active directional maximum power protection - 32P

— Negative sequence overcurrent - 46 Preface The protection against unbalanced loads calculates the negative sequence current I2 from the measured phase currents; the function has two settable thresholds with programmable trip time. The trip characteristic for the two thresholds can be selected with definite or inverse time per IEC 60255-3/BS142. A constant reset time can be set for each threshold, to reduce the time for eliminating intermittent faults (while being no less than the protection start time). Each protection threshold can be enabled or disabled. The first threshold can be inhibited by the start of the second threshold. Measurement criterion The protection calculates the negative sequence current I2 from the values of the three phase cur- rent phasors IL1, IL2, IL3 using the formula: I2=(IL1+e-j120°·IL2+e+j120°·IL3)/3 where e-j120°=-1/2-j√3/2, ej120°=-1/2+j√3/2. Operation and settings The negative sequence current I2 is compared with the set thresholds (I2>, I2>>); exceeding a thresh- old starts it (START) and starts the respective timer count (t2>, t2>>). If the threshold violation per- sists, when its trip time expires, the threshold trips (TRIP), otherwise the threshold is reset. The trip characteristic for the two thresholds can be selected with definite or inverse time per the following characteristic curves (symbology for the first threshold): • IEC 255-3/BS142 type A or SIT, inverse time: t = 0.14 · t2>inv / [(I2/I2>inv)0.02 - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type B or VIT, very inverse time: t = 13.5 · t2>inv / [(I2/I2>inv) - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type LTI, long time inverse: t = 120 · t2>inv / [(I2/I2>inv) - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type C or EIT, extremely inverse time: t = 80 · t2>inv / [(I2/I2>inv)2 - 1] Where: t: operating time I2>: trip threshold t2>inv: operating time regulation The following applies to all inverse time characteristics: • The minimum trip current is 1.1 times the set threshold (asymptotic reference time). • The characteristics are defined between 1.1 and 20 times the set threshold;[1] if threshold regula- tion exceeds 2.5 In, the upper limit of the measurement range is 40 In. • The minimum operating time t is 0.1 s. • For definite time trip characteristics, the upper limit of the measurement range is 30 In. Each protection threshold can be enabled or disabled by setting to ON or OFF the parameter I2> Enable and/or I2>> Enable in the menu Set \ Protections \ Negative sequence overcurrent - 46 \ Threshold I2> (Threshold I2>>) \ Parameters. The characteristic can be set to definite or inverse time with I2>Curve, I2>>Curve (DEFI- NITE, NIT, VIT, EIT, LIT) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Negative sequence overcurrent - 46 \ Threshold I2> (Threshold I2>>) \ Parameters. Note 1 For input values greater than 20 times the threshold, the operating time is limited to the value corresponding to 20 times the threshold I2 I2>> t2> t2>> I2> t Trip characteristic of the two thresholds of the negative sequence overcurrent protection - 46 TRIP

The first threshold (I2>) can be inhibited by the start of the second threshold (I2>>) with the param- eter deactivation I2> from start I2>> (I2>disbyI2>>) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Negative sequence overcurrent - 46 \ Threshold I2>> \ Parameters. A constant reset time can be set for each of the two thresholds (t2>RES, t2>>RES). Shrink time For each of the two programmed thresholds with definite time characteristic you can set the con- tracted time by setting to ON the parameter EnTcI2>def and EnTcI2>>def and regulate the contracted time (tcI2>def and tcI2>>def) and the related operating time (tatcI2>def and tatcI2>>def). Once the breaker closes, during the operating time (e.g.: tatcI2>def), the value of the trip time (e.g.: t2>def ) is replaced by the contracted time (e.g.: tcI2>def ); when the operating time ex- pires the trip time is reset (e.g.: t2>def ). The related parameters are available in the menu Set \ Protections \ Negative sequence overcurrent - 46 \ Threshold I2> (Threshold I2>>) \ Definite time. Second harmonic restraint For each threshold, a second harmonic restraint block can be set by setting to ON the parameter I2>2ndh-REST, I2>>2ndh-REST. The related parameters are available in the menu Set \ Protections \ Negative sequence overcurrent - 46 \ Threshold I2> (Threshold I2>>) \ Parameters.. Fun-F46M_S1.ai t 2>RES T 0 RESET t 2> 0 T t 2>inv t 2>RES Start I2> Trip I2> ON≡Inhibit (from I2>> element) ON≡Enable I2> overcurrent element I2> inhibition & TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) I2> Curve 0 T I2> Enable I2>TR-K I2>TR-L I2>ST-L I2>ST-K I2 ≥ I2>def I2 ≥ I2>inv I2>def I2>inv I2 ≥1 & State & State & EnTcI2>def “0” t 2>def t CI2>def tatcI2>def tatcI2>def CB control 0 = t 2>def 1 = t CI2>def “1” ≥1 Start I2ndh> Block1, Block2 & 2nd harmonic restraint enable (ON≡Enable) I>2ndh-REST Functional diagram of the frst threshold of the Negative sequence overcurrent protection (46) CB control tatcI2>def tcI2>def t2>def t2>def BREAKER OPEN Breaker state Shrink time enable Threshold timer t BREAKER CLOSED OFF Shrink time trip ON

— Overcurrent - 50/51 Preface This function has four adjustable thresholds with programmable trip time. The trip characteristics for thresholds I>, I>> and I>>>> can be selected with definite or inverse time per IEC 60255-3/BS142 The trip characteristic for threshold I>>> is definite time. A constant reset time can be set for each threshold, to reduce the time for eliminating intermittent faults (while being no less than the protection start time). Each protection threshold can be enabled or disabled. The first threshold I> can be inhibited when at least one of the three thresholds starts, just as the second threshold can be inhibited when the third threshold starts and the third when the fourth starts. Operation and settings The overcurrent protection compares the fundamental component of each of the three phase cur- rents (IL1, IL2, IL3) with the set thresholds; if current IL2 is not available (input C2 dedicated to the measurement of ISQL or IE) the value of IL2 is forced to zero. Violating a threshold of at least one of the three phase currents starts (START) the threshold in ques- tion along with the related timer. If the threshold violation persists, when its trip time expires, the threshold trips (TRIP), otherwise the threshold is reset. The trip characteristic for the thresholds I>, I>> e I>>>> can be selected with definite or inverse time per the following characteristic curves (symbology for the first threshold): • IEC 255-3/BS142 type A or SIT, inverse time: t = 0.14 · t>inv / [(I/I>inv)0.02 - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type B or VIT, very inverse time: t = 13.5 · t>inv / [(I/I>inv) - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type LTI, long time inverse: t = 120 · t2>inv / [(I/I>inv) - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type C or EIT, extremely inverse time: t = 80 · t>inv / [(I/I>inv)2 - 1] Where: t: operating time I>: trip threshold t>inv: operating time regulation The trip characteristic for threshold I>>> is definite time. The following applies to all inverse time characteristics: • The minimum trip current is 1.1 times the set threshold (asymptotic reference time). • The characteristics are defined between 1.1 and 20 times the set threshold;[1] if threshold regula- tion exceeds 2.5 In, the upper limit of the measurement range is 40 In. • The minimum operating time t is 0.1 s. • For definite time trip characteristics, the upper limit of the measurement range is 40 In. Each threshold of the protection can be enabled or disabled by setting to ON or OFF the parameter I> Enable, I>> Enable and/or I>>> Enable in the menu Set \ Protections \ Overcurrent - 50/51 \ Threshold I> (Threshold I>>, Threshold I>>>, Threshold I>>>>) \ Parameters. Note 1 For input values greater than 20 times the threshold, the operating time is limited to the value corresponding to 20 times the threshold I I>> I>>> I>>>> t> t>> t>>> t>>>> I> t Trip characteristic of the thresholds of the overcurrent protection - 50/51 TRIP

The first threshold can be set to definite or inverse time with parameter I>Curve (DEFINITE, NIT, VIT, EIT, LIT) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Overcurrent - 50/51 \ Threshold I> \ Parameters. The second threshold can be set to definite or inverse time with parameter I>>Curve (DEFI- NITE, NIT, VIT, EIT, LIT) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Overcurrent - 50/51 \ Threshold I>> \ Parameters. The fourth threshold can be set to definite or inverse time with parameter I>>>>Curve (DEFI- NITE, NIT, VIT, EIT, LIT) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Overcurrent - 50/51 \ Threshold I>> \ Parameters. The first threshold I> can be inhibited when at least one of the thresholds I>>, I>>>, I>>>> starts using the Deactivation I> by start I>>, Deactivation I> by start I>>>, Deactivation I> by start I>>>> (I>disbyI>>, I>disbyI>>>, I>disbyI>>>>) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Overcurrent - 50/51 \ Threshold I>>, Threshold I>>>, Threshold I>>>> \ Parameters. In the same way, the second threshold I>> can be inhibited by the start of thresholds I>>> and I>>>> by Deactivation I>> by start I>>>, Deactivation I>> by start I>>>> (I>>disbyI>>, I>>dis- byI>>>, I>>disbyI>>>>) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Overcurrent - 50/51 \ Threshold I>>>, Threshold I>>>> \ Parameters. In the same way, the third threshold I>>> can be inhibited by the start of the fourth threshold I>>> with Deactivation I>> by start I>>> (I>>disbyI>>,) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Overcurrent -50/51 \ Threshold I>>>> \ Parameters. A constant reset time can be set for each of the thresholds (t>RES, t>>RES, t>>>RES, t>>>>RES). Shrink time For each of the thresholds programmed with definite time characteristic, you can select contract- ed time by setting to ON the parameter EnTcI>def, EnTcI>>def, EnTcI>>>def, En- TcI>>>>def and adjusting the contracted time (tcI>def, tcI>>def, tcI>>>def, tcI>>>>def) and operating time (tatcI>def, tatcI>>def, tatcI>>>def, tatcI>>>>- def). When the breaker closes, during the operating time (e.g.: tatcI>def), the value of the trip time (e.g.: t>def ) is replaced by the contracted time (e.g.: tcI>def ); when the operating time expires the trip time is reset (e.g.: t>def ). The parameters are available in the menu Set \ Protections \ Overcurrent - 50/51 \ Threshold I> (Threshold I>>, Threshold I>>>, Threshold I>>>>) \ Definite time. Second harmonic restraint For each threshold, a second harmonic restraint block can be set by setting to ON the parameter I>2ndh-REST, I>>2ndh-REST, I>>>2ndh-REST, I>>>>2ndh-REST. The param- eters are available in the menu Set \ Protections \ Overcurrent - 50/51 \ Threshold I> (Threshold I>>, Threshold I>>>, Threshold I>>>>) \ Parameters. Functional block (Block3) If the amperometric measurement chain fails (function 74CT tripped), all thresholds of protection 51 are blocked. Fun_50-51S1.ai IL1 IL2 t >RES T 0 RESET t > 0 T ≥1 ≥1 ≥1 t >inv t >RES Start I> Trip I> Start I2ndh> ON≡Inhibit (from I>> and/or I>>> overcurrent elements) ON≡Inhibit (from 74VT element) ON≡Enable I> overcurrent element CB control I> inhibition 74VT inhibition Block1, Block2 & & 2nd harmonic restraint enable (ON≡Enable) I>2ndh-REST TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) I> Curve 0 T IL3 I> Enable I>TR-K I>TR-L I>ST-L I>ST-K & State I>inv IL1 ≥ I>def IL1 ≥ I>inv I>def & State & EnTcI>def t >def tCI>def tatcI>def tatcI>def CB control 0 = t >def 1 = tCI>def “0” “1” Functional diagram of the frst threshold (I>) of the overcurrent function 50/51 tatcI>def tcI>def t>def t>def BREAKER OPEN Breaker state Shrink time enable Threshold timer t BREAKER CLOSED OFF Shrink time trip ON

— Residual overcurrent - 50N/51N Preface This function has three adjustable thresholds with programmable trip time. The trip characteristic for the first threshold can be selected with definite or inverse time per IEC 60255-3/BS142. The trip characteristic for the second and third thresholds is definite time. A constant reset time can be set for each threshold, to reduce the time for eliminating intermittent faults (while being no less than the protection start time). Each protection threshold can be enabled or disabled. The first threshold can be inhibited when at least one of the two thresholds starts, just as the second threshold can be inhibited when the third threshold starts. Operation and settings The residual overcurrent protection compares the fundamental component of the residual current (IE) with the set thresholds (IE>, IE>>, IE>>>); violating a threshold starts (START) the threshold itself and the corresponding timer (tE>, tE>>, tE>>>). If the threshold violation persists, when its trip time expires, the threshold trips (TRIP), otherwise the threshold is reset. The first threshold IE> can be set to definite or inverse time with the following characteristic curves: • IEC 255-3/BS142 type A or SIT, inverse time: t = 0.14 · tE>inv / [(IE/IE>inv)0.02 - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type B or VIT, very inverse time: t = 13.5 · tE>inv / [(IE/IE>inv) - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type LTI, long time inverse: t = 120 · tE>inv / [(IE/IE>inv) - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type C or EIT, extremely inverse time: t = 80 · tE>inv / [(IE/IE>inv)2 - 1] Where: t: operating time IE>: trip threshold tE>inv: operating time regulation The following applies to all the above inverse time characteristics: • The minimum trip current is 1.1 times the set threshold (asymptotic reference time). • The minimum operating time t is 0.1 s. • The characteristics are defined between 1.1 and 20 times the set threshold;[1] if threshodl regula- tion exceeds 2.5 In, the upper limit of the measurement range is 10 IEn. For definite time trip characteristics, the upper limit of the measurement range is 10 IEn. Each threshold of the protection can be enabled or disabled by setting to ON or OFF the parameter IE> Enable, IE>> Enable and/or IE>>> Enable in the menu Set \ Protections \ Residual overcurrent - 50N/51N \ Threshold IE> (Threshold IE>>, Threshold IE>>>) \ Parameters. The first threshold can be set to definite or inverse time with parameter IE>Curve (DEFINITE, NIT, VIT, EIT, LIT) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Overcurrent - 50N/51N \ Threshold IE> \ Pa- rameters. Note 1 For input values greater than 20 times the threshold, the operating time is limited to the value corresponding to 20 times the threshold IE IE>> IE>>> tE> tE>> tE>>> IE> t Trip characteristic of the three thresholds of the residual overcurrent protection - 50N/51N TRIP

The first threshold IE> can be inhibited by the start of at least one of the two thresholds IE>>, IE>>> with Deactivation IE> by start IE>>, Deactivation IE> by start IE>>> (IE>disbyIE>>, IE>disb- yIE>>>) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Residual overcurrent - 50N/51N \ Threshold IE>>, Thresh- old IE>>>\ Parameters. In the same way, the second threshold IE>> can be inhibited by the start of the third threshold IE>>> with Deactivation IE>> by start IE>>> (IE>>disbyIE>>>) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Resid- ual overcurrent - 50N/51N \ Threshold IE>>>\ Parameters.. A constant reset time can be set for each of the thresholds (tE>RES, tE>>RES, tE>>>RES). Shrink time For each of the thresholds programmed with definite time characteristic, you can select contracted time by setting to ON the parameter EnTcIE>def, EnTcIE>>def, EnTcIE>>>def and regulating the contracted time (tcIE>def, tcIE>>def, tcIE>>>def) and operating time (tat- cIE>def, tatcIE>>def, tatcIE>>>def). Once the breaker closes, during the operating time (e.g.: tatcIE>def), the value of the trip time (e.g.: tE>def ) is replaced by the contracted time (e.g.: tcIE>def ); when the operating time ex- pires the trip time is reset (e.g.: tE>def ). The parameters are available in the menu Set \ Protections \ Residual overcurrent - 50N/51N \ Threshold IE> (Threshold IE>>, Threshold IE>>>) \ Definite time. Second harmonic restraint For each of the three thresholds (IE>, IE>>, IE>>>) you can set a second harmonic restraint block by setting to ON the parameter IE>2ndh-REST, IE>>2ndh-REST, IE>>>2ndh-REST. The parameters are available in the menu Set \ Configuration parameters A(or B) \ Residual overcur- rent - 50N/51N \ Threshold IE> (Threshold IE>>, Threshold IE>>>) \ Parameters. Fun_50N-51NS1.ai t >RES T 0 RESET tE> 0 T ≥1 tE>inv tE>RES Start IE> Trip IE> Start I2ndh> ON≡Inhibit (from IE>> and/or IE>>> residual overcurrent element) ON≡Enable IE> residual overcurrent element IE> inhibition Block1, Block2 & & 2nd harmonic restraint enable (ON≡Enable) IE>2ndh-REST TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) IE> Curve 0 T IE> Enable IE>TR-K IE>TR-L IE>ST-L IE>ST-K IE ≥1 & State IE>inv IE ≥ IE>def IE ≥ IE>inv IE>def & State & EnTcIE>def tE>def tCIE>def tatcIE>def tatcIE>def CB control 0 = tE>def 1 = tCIE>def “0” “1” CB control tatcIE>def tcIE>def tE>def tE>def BREAKER OPEN Breaker state Shrink time enable Threshold timer t BREAKER CLOSED OFF Shrink time trip ON Functional diagram of the frst threshold (IE>) of the residual overcurrent function 50N/51N

— Neutral overcurrent - 51(E) Preface This function has two adjustable thresholds with programmable trip time. The trip characteristic for the first threshold can be selected with definite or inverse time per IEC 60255-3/BS142. The trip characteristic for the second threshold is definite time. A constant reset time can be set for each threshold, to reduce the time for eliminating intermittent faults (while being no less than the protection start time). Each protection threshold can be enabled or disabled. The first threshold can be inhibited by the start of the second threshold. Operation and settings The residual overcurrent protection compares the fundamental component of the residual current (IE) with the set thresholds (INe>, INe>>); violating a threshold starts (START) the threshold itself and the corresponding timer (tne>, tne>>). If the threshold violation persists, when its trip time expires, the threshold trips (TRIP), otherwise the threshold is reset. The first threshold IE> can be set to definite or inverse time with the following characteristic curves: • IEC 255-3/BS142 type A or SIT, inverse time: t = 0.14 · tNe>inv / [(IE/INe>inv)0.02 - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type B or VIT, very inverse time: t = 13.5 · tNe>inv / [(IE/INe>inv) - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type LTI, long time inverse: t = 120 · tNe>inv / [(IE/INe>inv) - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type C or EIT, extremely inverse time: t = 80 · tNe>inv / [(IE/INe>inv)2 - 1] Where: t: operating time INe>: trip threshold tNe>inv: operating time regulation The following applies to all inverse time characteristics: • The minimum trip current is 1.1 times the set threshold (asymptotic reference time). • The minimum operating time t is 0.1 s. • The characteristics are defined between 1.1 and 20 times the set threshold;[1] if threshodl regula- tion exceeds 2.5 In, the upper limit of the measurement range is 10 IEn. For definite time trip characteristics, the upper limit of the measurement range is 10 IEn. Each threshold can be enabled or disabled by setting to ON or OFF the parameter INe> Enable, INe>> Enable in the menu Set \ Protections \ Neutral overcurrent - 51N(E) \ Threshold INe> (Threshold INe>>) \ Parameters. The first threshold can be set to definite or inverse time with parameter INe>Curve (INDIPEN- DENTE, NIT, VIT, EIT, LIT) in the menu Set \ Portections \ Neutral overcurrent - 51N(E) \ Threshold INe> \ Parameters. In the same way, the first threshold can be inhibited by the start of the second threshold with Deac- tivation INe> by start INe>> (INe>>disbyIE>>) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Neutral overcur- rent - 50N/51N \ Threshold IE>>> \ Parameters. A constant reset time can be set for each of the two thresholds tNe>RES, tNe>>RES. Note 1 For input values greater than 20 times the threshold, the operating time is limited to the value corresponding to 20 times the threshold IE INe>> tNe> tNe>> INe> t Trip characteristic of the thresholds of the neutral overcurrent protection - 51N(E) TRIP

Shrink time For each of the programmed thresholds with definite time characteristic you can set the contracted time by setting to ON the parameter EnTcINe>def, EnTcINe>>def and regulating the con- tracted time (tcINe>def, tcINe>>def) and operating time (tatcINe>def, tatcINe>>def). Once the breaker closes, during the operating time (e.g.: tatcINe>def), the value of the trip time (e.g.: tNe>def ) is replaced by the contracted time (e.g.: tcINe>def ); when the operating time expires the trip time is reset (e.g.: tNe>def ). The related parameters are available in the menu Set \ Protections \ Neutral overcurrent - 51N(E) \ Threshold INe> (Threshold INe>>) \ Definite time. Second harmonic restraint For each of the thresholds (INe>, INe>>) you can set a second harmonic restraint block by setting to ON the parameter INe>2ndh-REST, INe>>2ndh-REST. The related parameters are available in the menu Set \ Configuration parameters A(or B) \ Neutral overcurrent - 51N(E) \ Threshold INe> (Threshold INe>>) \ Parameters. Fun_50N-51N(E).ai tNe>RES T 0 RESET tNe> 0 T ≥1 tNe>inv tNe>RES Start INe> Trip INe> Start I2ndh> ON≡Inhibit (from INe>> element) ON≡Enable IE> residual overcurrent element INe> inhibition Block1, Block2 & & 2nd harmonic restraint enable (ON≡Enable) INe>2ndh-REST TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) INe> Curve 0 T INe> Enable INe>TR-K INe>TR-L INe>ST-L INe>ST-K IE ≥1 & State INe>inv IE ≥ INe>def IE ≥ INe>inv INe>def & State & EnTcINe>def tNe>def tCINe>def tatcIE>def tatcINe>def CB control 0 = tE>def 1 = tCIE>def “0” “1” CB control tatcINe>def tcINe>def tNe>def tNe>def BREAKER OPEN Breaker state Shrink time enable Threshold timer t BREAKER CLOSED OFF Shrink time trip ON Functional diagram of the frst threshold of the neutral overcurrent function 51N(E)

— Residual emergency overcurrent - 51(Eme) Preface This function has one adjustable threshold with programmable trip time. The trip characteristic can be selected with definite or inverse time per IEC 60255-3/BS142. A constant reset time can be set to reduce the time for eliminating intermittent faults (while being no less than the protection start time). The threshold can be enabled or disabled; the function is automatically enabled if the voltmetric measurement chain fails (function 74VT tripped). Operation and settings The residual overcurrent protection compares the fundamental component of the residual current (IE) with the set threshold (IEeme>); violating the threshold starts (START) the threshold itself and the corresponding timer (tEeme>). If the threshold violation persists, when its trip time expires, the thresh- old trips (TRIP), otherwise the threshold is reset. The threshold can be set to definite or inverse time with the following characteristic curves: • IEC 255-3/BS142 type A or SIT, inverse time: t = 0.14 · tEeme>inv / [(IE/IEeme>inv)0.02 - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type B or VIT, very inverse time: t = 13.5 · tEeme>inv / [(IE/IEeme>inv) - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type LTI, long time inverse: t = 120 · tEeme>inv / [(IE/IEeme>inv) - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type C or EIT, extremely inverse time: t = 80 · tEeme>inv / [(IE/IEeme>inv)2 - 1] Where: t: operating time IEeme>: trip threshold tEeme>inv: operating time regulation The following applies to all inverse time characteristics: • The minimum trip current is 1.1 times the set threshold (asymptotic reference time). • The minimum operating time t is 0.1 s. • The characteristics are defined between 1.1 and 20 times the set threshold;[1] if threshodl regula- tion exceeds 2.5 In, the upper limit of the measurement range is 10 IEn. For definite time trip characteristics, the upper limit of the measurement range is 10 IEn. The threshold can be enabled or disabled by setting to ON or OFF the parameter IEeme> Ena- ble in the menu Set \ Protections \ Residual emergency overcurrent - 51N(Eme) \ Threshold IEeme> \ Parameters. The first threshold can be set to definite or inverse time with parameter IEeme>Curve (INDIP- ENDENTE, NIT, VIT, EIT, LIT) in the menu Set \ Portections \ Residual emergency overcur- rent - 51N(Eme) \ Threshold IEeme> \ Parameters. In the same way, the first threshold can be inhibited by the start of the second threshold with Deac- tivation INe> by start INe>> (INe>>disbyIE>>) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Residual emer- gency overcurrent - 51N(Eme) \ Threshold IEeme> \ Parameters. A constant reset time can be set for each of the thresholds tEeme>RES. Shrink time If the threshold is programmed with definite time characteristic you can set the contracted time by setting to ON the parameter EnTcIEeme>def and regulating the contracted time (tcIEeme>- def) and the operating time (tatcIEeme>def). Once the breaker closes, during the operating time (e.g.: tatcIEeme>def), the value of the trip time (e.g.: tEeme>def ) is replaced by the contracted time (e.g.: tcIEeme>def ); when the oper- ating time expires the trip time is reset (e.g.: tEeme>def ). The related parameters are available in the menu Set \ Protections \ Residual emergency overcur- rent - 51N(Eeme) \ Threshold IEeme>\ Definite time. Note 1 For input values greater than 20 times the threshold, the operating time is limited to the value corresponding to 20 times the threshold IE tEeme> IEeme> t Trip characteristic of the threshold of the maximum emergency residual current protection - 51N(Eme) TRIP

Second harmonic restraint Asecond harmonic restraint block can be set by setting to ON the parameter IEeme>2ndh- REST. The related parameters are available in the menu Set \ Protections \ Residual emergency overcur- rent - 51N(Eeme) \ Threshold IEeme>\ Parameters. tEeme>RES T 0 RESET tEeme> 0 T ≥1 tEeme>inv tEeme>RES Start IEeme> Trip IEeme> ON≡Enable (from 74VT element) ON≡Disable 25, 32P, 67, 67N elements ON≡Enable IEeme> residual overcurrent element 74VT & TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) IEeme> Curve 0 T IEeme> Enable IEeme>TR-K IEeme>TR-L IEeme>ST-L IEeme>ST-K IE ≥1 & State IEeme>inv IE ≥ IEeme>def IE ≥ IEeme>inv IEeme>def & State ≥1 Start I2ndh> Block1, Block2 & 2nd harmonic restraint enable (ON≡Enable) INe>2ndh-REST & EnTcIEeme>def tEeme>def tCIEeme>def tatcIE>def tatcIEeme>def CB control 0 = tEeme>def 1 = tCIEeme>def “0” “1” CB control tatcIEeme>def tcIEeme>def tEeme>def tEeme>def BREAKER OPEN Breaker state Shrink time enable Threshold timer t BREAKER CLOSED OFF Shrink time trip ON Functional diagram of the threshold of the residual emergency overcurrent function 51N(Eme)

— Neutral current unbalance - 51(SQL) Preface Neutral unbalance current protection between the star centres of two capacitor arrays with an ad- justable threshold with programmable operating time. The trip characteristic can be selected with definite or inverse time per IEC 60255-3/BS142. A constant reset time can be set to reduce the time for eliminating intermittent faults (while being no less than the protection start time). The threshold can be enabled or disabled. Operation and settings The protection compares the fundamental component of the residual current (ISQL) with the set threshold (ISQL>); violating the threshold starts (START) the threshold itself and the corresponding timer (tSQL>). If the threshold violation persists, when its trip time expires, the threshold trips (TRIP), otherwise the threshold is reset. The first threshold can be set to definite or inverse time with the following characteristic curves: • IEC 255-3/BS142 type A or SIT, inverse time: t = 0.14 · tSQL>inv / [(ISQL/ISQL>inv)0.02 - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type B or VIT, very inverse time: t = 13.5 · tSQL>inv / [(ISQL/ISQL>inv) - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type LTI, long time inverse: t = 120 · tSQL>inv / [(ISQL/ISQL>inv) - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type C or EIT, extremely inverse time: t = 80 · tSQL>inv / [(ISQL/ISQL>inv)2 - 1] Where: t: operating time IEeme>: trip threshold tEeme>inv: operating time regulation The following applies to all inverse time characteristics: • The minimum trip current is 1.1 times the set threshold (asymptotic reference time). • The minimum operating time t is 0.1 s. • The characteristics are defined between 1.1 and 20 times the set threshold;[1] if threshodl regulation exceeds 2.5 In, the upper limit of the measurement range is 10 IEn. For definite time trip characteristics, the upper limit of the measurement range is 10 IEn. The threshold can be enabled or disabled by setting to ON or OFF the parameter IEeme> Ena- ble in the menu Set \ Protections \ Residual emergency overcurrent - 51N(Eme) \ Threshold IEeme> \ Parameters. The first threshold can be set to definite or inverse time with parameter IEeme>Curve (INDIP- ENDENTE, NIT, VIT, EIT, LIT) in the menu Set \ Portections \ Residual emergency overcur- rent - 51N(Eme) \ Threshold IEeme> \ Parameters. In the same way, the first threshold can be inhibited by the start of the second threshold with Deacti- vation INe> by start INe>> (INe>>disbyIE>>) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Residual emergen- cy overcurrent - 51N(Eme) \ Threshold IEeme> \ Parameters. A constant reset time can be set for each of the thresholds tEeme>RES. Shrink time If the threshold is programmed with definite time characteristic you can set the contracted time by setting to ON the parameter EnTcIEeme>def and regulating the contracted time (tcIEeme>- def) and the operating time (tatcIEeme>def). Once the breaker closes, during the operating time (e.g.: tatcIEeme>def), the value of the trip time (e.g.: tEeme>def ) is replaced by the contracted time (e.g.: tcIEeme>def ); when the oper- ating time expires the trip time is reset (e.g.: tEeme>def ). The related parameters are available in the menu Set \ Protections \ Residual emergency overcur- rent - 51N(Eeme) \ Threshold IEeme>\ Definite time. Note 1 For input values greater than 20 times the threshold, the operating time is limited to the value corresponding to 20 times the threshold ISQL tSQL> ISQL> t Trip characteristic of the threshold of the neutral unbalance overcurrent protection - 51N(SQL) TRIP

Second harmonic restraint Asecond harmonic restraint block can be set by setting to ON the parameter IEeme>2ndh- REST. The related parameters are available in the menu Set \ Protections \ Residual emergency overcur- rent - 51N(Eeme) \ Threshold IEeme>\ Parameters. ISQL t SQL>RES T 0 RESET t SQL> 0 T ≥1 ≥1 t SQL>inv t SQL>RES Start ISQL> Trip ISQL> Start I2ndh> ON≡Enable I> overcurrent element Block1, Block2 & & 2nd harmonic restraint enable (ON≡Enable) I>2ndh-REST TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) ISQL> Curve 0 T ISQL> Enable I>TR-K I>TR-L I>ST-L I>ST-K & State ISQL>inv ISQL ≥ ISQL>def ISQL ≥ ISQL>inv ISQL>def & State & EnTcISQL>def “0” t SQL>def tCISQL>def tatcI>def tatcISQL>def CB control 0 = t SQL>def 1 = tCISQL>def “1” CB control tatcISQL>def tcISQL>def tSQL>def tSQL>def BREAKER OPEN Breaker state Shrink time enable Threshold timer t BREAKER CLOSED OFF Shrink time trip ON Functional diagram of the threshold of the neutral current unbalance function 51(SQL)

— Overvoltage - 59 Preface This function has two adjustable thresholds with programmable trip time. The trip characteristic for the first threshold can be selected with definite or inverse time per IEC 60255-3/BS142. The trip characteristic for the second threshold is definite time. Each protection threshold can be enabled or disabled. The first threshold can be inhibited by the start of the second threshold. Measurement criterion The undervoltage protection measures the fundamental component of three voltages, selected from the three phase voltages UL1, UL2, UL3 or the three phase-to-phase voltages U12, U23, U31, where the latter are calculated as: Operation and settings Each of the three measured voltages is compared with the set thresholds (U>, U>>). The start and trip logic for each threshold can be set to “OR” or “AND”. When set to OR, when at least one of the three measured voltages exceeds the set threshold, the threshold itself starts (Start) and the timer starts counting. If the condition persists, when the operating time expires (tU>, tU>>), the threshold trips (Trip), other- wise the threshold is reset. When set to AND, when all three measured voltages exceed the set threshold, the threshold itself starts (Start) and the timer starts counting. If the condition persists, when the operating time expires (tU>, tU>>), the threshold trips (Trip), other- wise the threshold is reset. The first threshold can be set to definite or inverse time with the following characteristic curves: t=0.5 tU>inv / [(U/U>inv) - 1] where t is the operating time, U is the measured voltage, U>inv and tU>inv are the set threshold and trip time. The set operating time refers to a voltage of 1.5 times the set threshold. The minimum trip voltage is 1.1 times the set threshold. The characteristic is defined between 1.1 and 4 times the set threshold; if the threshold regulation exceed 0.5 Un, the upper limit of the measurement range is 2 Un. The minimum operating time t is 0.1 s. The definite or inverse time characteristic is selected with the parameter U> Curve in the menu Set \ Protections \ Overvoltage - 59 \ Threshold U> \ Parameters. Each protection threshold can be enabled or disabled by setting to ON or OFF the parameter U> Enable in the menu Set \ Protections \ Overvoltage - 59 \ Threshold U> \ Parameters and/or State in the menu Set \ Protections \ Overvoltage - 59 \ Threshold U>> \ Definite time. The type of three-phase voltage measurement (phase voltage or phase-to-phase voltage), like the protection logic (AND or OR of the three voltages), is set in the menu Set \ Protections \ Overvoltage - 59 \ Common configurations, by setting parameter Utype59; the possible settings are Uph-ph (phase-to-phase) and Uph-n (phase). When set to Uph-ph (phase-to-phase), the thresholds are expressed in p.u. Un; when set to Uph-n (phase), the thresholds are expressed in p.u. En. U12=|UL1-UL2| U23=|UL2-UL3| U31=|UL2-UL1| t-int-F59.ai U U>> tU> tU>> U> t General characteristic of the operating time of the Overvoltage function (59) TRIP

F_59-Char.ai Inverse time trip characteristics of the frst threshold of the overvoltage protection (59) 1.1 2 3 4 U /U >inv t U>inv= 100 s t U>inv= 10 s t U>inv= 1 s t U>inv= 0.1 s 1.5 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 t [s] Note: the set operating time refers to a voltage of U/U>inv = 1.5 t =tU>inv· [(U/U>inv) - 1] 0.5

— Residual overvoltage - 59N Preface This function has two adjustable thresholds with programmable trip time. Since only the fundamental component of the residual voltage is measured (direct or calculated), the protection is not sensitive to the components of the third harmonic and its multiples. The trip characteristic for the first threshold can be selected with definite or inverse time per IEC 60255-3/BS142. The trip characteristic for the second threshold is definite time. Each protection threshold can be enabled or disabled. The first threshold can be inhibited by the start of the second threshold. Measurement criterion Two separate measurements of the residual voltage are available: • Direct. • Calculated. In the first case, the protection uses the fundamental component of the residual voltage UE measured at the residual voltage input, while in the second it uses the fundamental component of the residual voltage UEC resulting from the vectorial sum of the phasors of the three phase voltages measured at the voltmetric phase inputs. Operation and settings The protection compares the above residual voltage measurement (UE or UEC) with the set thresholds (UE>, UE>>) and violating either threshold starts (START) the threshold and its counter (tUE>, tUE>>). If the threshold violation persists, when its set trip time expires, the threshold trips (TRIP), otherwise the threshold is reset. The first threshold UE> can be set to definite or inverse time with a trip characteristic of the type: t=0.5 tUE> / [(UE/UE>inv) - 1] o t=0.5 tUE> / [(UEC/UE>inv) - 1] where t is the trip time, UE and UEC are the direct and calculated measurements of the residual volt- age respectively, and UE> and tUE> are the set threshold and operating time. The set operating time refers to a voltage of 1.5 times the set threshold. The minimum trip voltage is 1.1 times the set thresh- old. The characteristic is defined between 1.1 and 4 times the set threshold. The minimum operating time t is 0.1 s. The definite or inverse time characteristic is selected with the parameter UE> Curve in the menu Set \ Protections \ Residual overvoltage - 59N \ Threshold UE> \ Parameters. Each protection threshold can be enabled or disabled by setting to ON or OFF the parameter UE> Enable in the menu Set \ Protections \ Residual overvoltage - 59N \ Threshold UE> \ Parameters and/or State in the menu Set \ Protections \ Residual overvoltage - 59N \ Threshold UE>> \ Definite time. The type of residual voltage measurement (direct or calculated) can be set in the menu Set \ Protec- tions \ Residual overvoltage - 59N \ Common configurations, by setting 3Votype59N; the available settings are UE (direct) and UEC (calculated). When set to UE (direct measurement), the thresholds are expressed in p.u. UEn; when set to UEC (calculated voltage) the thresholds are expressed in p.u. UECn. UEC=|UL1+UL2+UL3| t-int-F59N.ai UE UE>> tUE> tUE>> UE> t General characteristic of the operating time of the residual overvoltage function (59N) TRIP

F_59N-Char.ai Inverse time trip characteristics of the frst threshold of the residual overvoltage protection (59N) 1.1 2 3 4 t UE>= 100 s t UE>= 10 s t UE>= 1 s t UE>= 0.1 s 1.5 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 t [s] Note: the set operating time refers to a voltage of UE /UE>inv = 1.5 t =tUE>inv· [(UE /UE>inv) - 1] 0.5 t =tUE>inv· [(UEC /UE>inv) - 1] 0.5 UE /UE>inv UEC /UE>inv

— Residual emergency overvoltage - 59N(Eme) Preface This function has one adjustable threshold with programmable trip time. Since only the fundamental component of the residual voltage is measured (direct or calculated), the protection is not sensitive to the components of the third harmonic and its multiples. The trip characteristic for the threshold can be selected with definite or inverse time per IEC 60255-3/ BS142. The protection can be enabled or disabled; the function is automatically enabled if the amperometric measurement chain fails (function 74CT tripped). Measurement criterion Two separate measurements of the residual voltage are available: • Direct. • Calculated. In the first case, the protection uses the fundamental component of the residual voltage UE meas- ured at the residual voltage input, while in the second it uses the fundamental component of the residual voltage UEC resulting from the vectorial sum of the phasors of the three phase voltages measured at the voltmetric phase inputs. Operation and settings The protection compares the above residual voltage measurement (UE or UEC) with the set thresh- olds (UEeme>) and violating the threshold starts (START) the threshold and its counter (tUEeme>). If the threshold violation persists, when its set trip time expires, the threshold trips (TRIP), otherwise the threshold is reset. The threshold UEeme> can be set to definite or inverse time with a trip characteristic of the type: t=0.5 tUEeme> / [(UE/UEeme>inv) - 1] o t=0.5 tUEeme> / [(UEC/UEeme>inv) - 1] where t is the trip time, UE and UEC are the direct and calculated measurements of the residual volt- age respectively, and UEeme> and tUEeme> are the set threshold and operating time. The set operating time refers to a voltage of 1.5 times the set threshold. The minimum trip voltage is 1.1 times the set threshold. The characteristic is defined between 1.1 and 4 times the set threshold. The minimum operating time t is 0.1 s. The definite or inverse time characteristic is selected with the parameter UEeme> Curve in the menu Set \ Protections \ Residual overvoltage - 59N(Eme) \ Threshold UEeme> \ Parameters. The protection threshold can be enabled or disabled by setting to ON or OFF the parameter UEme> Enable in the menu Set \ Protections \ Residual overvoltage - 59N(Eme) \ Threshold UEeme> \ Parameters and/or State in the menu Set \ Protections \ Residual overvoltage - 59N(Eme) \ Threshold UEeme>> \ Definite time. The type of residual voltage measurement (direct or calculated) can be set in the menu Set \ Protec- tions \ Residual overvoltage - 59N(Eme) \ Common configurations, by setting 3Votype59N; the available settings are UE (direct) and UEC (calculated). When set to UE (direct measurement), the thresholds are expressed in p.u. UEn; when set to UEC (calculated voltage) the thresholds are expressed in p.u. UECn. UEC=|UL1+UL2+UL3| UE tUEeme> UEeme> t General characteristic of the operating time of the maximum emergency residual voltage function 59N(Eme) TRIP

Functional diagram of the threshold of the residual emergency overvoltage protection 59N(Eme) & UEeme> Curve 0 T tUEeme> 0 T TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) tUEeme>def tUEeme>inv Start UEeme> UEeme>ST-K UEeme>ST-L UEeme>TR-K UEeme>TR-L Trip UEeme> tUEeme>RES T 0 tUEeme>RES UE UEeme>def UEeme>inv ≥1 & State UE ≥ UEeme>def UE ≥ UEeme>inv & State ≥1 ONEnable (from 74VT element) ONEnable UEeme> element 74CT UEeme> Enable ONDisable 32P, 51, 67, 67N elements

— Maximum directional current - 67 Preface This function has four adjustable thresholds with programmable trip time. The trip characteristic for the first two thresholds can be selected with definite or inverse time per IEC 60255-3/BS142. The trip characteristic for thresholds I>>> and I>>>> is definite time. A constant reset time can be set for each threshold, to reduce the time for eliminating intermittent faults (while being no less than the protection start time). Each protection threshold can be enabled or disabled. The first threshold can be inhibited when at least one of the three thresholds starts, just as the sec- ond threshold can be inhibited when the third threshold starts and the third when the fourth starts. The protection includes a voltage memory which, should all three voltages be lower than 2% Un, saves the phase shift of the currents relative to the voltages prior to the fault for at least 1 s. Operation and settings If the current IL2 is not available, it is reconstructed vectorially. The trip characteristic for thresholds IPD>, IPD>> can be selected with definite or inverse time per the following characteristic curves: • IEC 255-3/BS142 type A or SIT, inverse time: t = 0.14 · tPD>inv / [(IPD/IPD>inv)0.02 - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type B or VIT, very inverse time: t = 13.5 · tPD>inv / [(IPD/IPD>inv) - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type LTI, long time inverse: t = 120 · tPD>inv / [(IPD/IPD>inv) - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type C or EIT, extremely inverse time: t = 80 · tPD>inv / [(IPD/IPD>inv)2 - 1] Where: t: operating time IPD>inv: trip threshold (IPD>inv, IPD>>inv) for the first and second threshold tPD>inv: trip threshold regulation (tPD>inv, tPD>>inv) for the first and second threshold The trip characteristic for the third and fourth thresholds (IPD>>>def, IPD>>>>def) is definite time. The following applies to all the above inverse time characteristics: • The minimum trip current is 1.1 times the set threshold (asymptotic reference time). • The characteristics are defined between 1.1 and 20 times the set threshold;[1] if threshold regula- tion exceeds 2.5 In, the upper limit of the measurement range is 30 In. • The minimum operating time t is 0.1 s. • For definite time trip characteristics, the upper limit of the measurement range is 30 In. Two separate detection criteria are available: • Violation of the phase current threshold (modulus mode) • Violation of the projection of the phase current along the characteristic axis (projection mode). For both criteria, the polarising parameter used as a reference for the measurement of the current phase shift in each of the three phases is the phase-to-phase voltage relative to the two remaining phases (phase-to-phase voltage delayed by 90° relative to the current when the electrical system power factor is one). Note 1 For input values greater than 20 times the threshold, the operating time is limited to the value corresponding to 20 times the threshold t-int-F67.ai IPD IPD>> IPD>>> IPD>>>> tPD> tPD>> tPD>>> tPD>>>> IPD> t Trip characteristic of the four thresholds of the maximum directional current protection - 67 TRIP NO TRIP

It follows that for both the above criteria, the protection measures: • For phase L1, the phase shift α1 of current phasor IL1 relative to phasor U23, negative with current delayed relative to the voltage (α1 = ∠ IL1 - ∠ U23, where ∠ is the argument operator). • For phase L2, the phase shift α2 of current phasor IL2 relative to phasor U31, negative with current delayed relative to the voltage (α2 = ∠ IL2 - ∠ U31). If the current IL2 is not available, it is reconstructed vectorially. • For phase L3, the phase shift α3 of current phasor IL3 relative to phasor U12, negative with current delayed relative to the voltage (α3 = ∠ IL3 - ∠ U12). The operating mode can be selected in the menu Set \ Protections \ Maximum directional current - 67 \ Common configurations, by setting Mode67; the available values are I (modulus mode) and I*cos (projection mode). For each of the four thresholds (IPD>, IPD>>, IPD>>>, IPD>>>>) the charac- teristic angle can be regulated (in the range 0…359° common to the three phases) relative to the polarising parameter (θ>, θ>>, θ>>>, θ>>>>), conventionally assumed to be positive in the clockwise direction. The regulation of the characteristic angle identifies the angular position of the characteristic half-ax- is, which represents the bisector of the angular trip sector with an angular amplitude of 180°. A regulation of the characteristic angle in the range 0°...90° or 270°...359° corresponds to protection “towards line”, while regulation in the range 91°...269° corresponds to protection “towards bar”. The parameters are available in the menu relating to the four thresholds, separately for the definite and inverse time functions (where available). Two separate protection trip logics are available: • One of three - 1/3, in which it is sufficient that one of the three phases violate the set threshold. • Two of three - 2/3, in which at least two of the three phases must violate the set threshold. The trip logic can be selected in the menu Set \ Protections \ Maximum directional current - 67 \ Common configurations, by setting Logic67; the available values are 1/3 (at least one current) and 2/3 (at least two currents). When modulus mode detection and one of three - 1/3 trip logic are selected, the start (START) of any threshold of protection 67 occurs when the following two conditions are both satisfied: A) In at least one phase, the fundamental component of the current (IL1, IL2, IL3) violates the set threshold (IPD>, IPD>>, IPD>>>, IPD>>>>). B) The current phasor for the phase in point A) is in the angular sector with semi-am- plitude 90° and bisector the characteristic half-axis of the threshold in point A) (ThetaP>, ThetaP>>, ThetaP>>>, ThetaP>>>>), i.e. the condition -90° ≤ (ThetaP-αx) ≤ +90° is satis- fied, in which x is the index of the phase/s in point A) (x = 1, 2 or 3) and ThetaP is the regulation of the characteristic angle of the threshold in point A (ThetaP>, ThetaP>>, ThetaP>>>, ThetaP>>>>). When the threshold starts, so does its timer. If for the entire operating time of the threshold (tPD>, tPD>>, tPD>>>, tPD>>>>) the conditions in points A) and B) persist, when the time expires the threshold trips (TRIP), otherwise it resets. When modulus mode detection and two of three - 2/3 trip logic are selected, the start (START) of any threshold of protection 67 occurs when the following two conditions are both satisfied: C) In at least one pair of phases the fundamental component of the current (IL1 e IL2, IL2 e IL3, IL3 e IL1) violates the threshold (IPD>, IPD>>, IPD>>>, IPD>>>>). D) The current phasors for the pair of phases in point C) are both in the angular sec- tor with semi-amplitude 90° and bisector the characteristic sector for the thresh- old in point C) (ThetaP>, ThetaP>>, ThetaP>>>, ThetaP>>>>), i.e. the condition -90° ≤ (ThetaP-αx) ≤ +90° is satisfied, where x is the index of the pair of phases in point 1 (IL1 and IL2, IL2 and IL3, IL3 and IL1) and ThetaP is the regulation of the characteristic angle of the threshold in point C (ThetaP>, ThetaP>>, ThetaP>>>, ThetaP>>>>). When the threshold starts, so does its timer. If for the entire operating time of the threshold (tPD>, tPD>>, tPD>>>, tPD>>>>) the conditions in points C) and D) persist, when the time expires the threshold trips (TRIP), otherwise it resets. When projection mode detection and one of three - 1/3, trip logic are selected, the start (START) of any threshold of protection 67 occurs when one of the following two conditions is satisfied: • the projection of the current phasor for at least one phase along the characteristic axis ILx- cos(ThetaP>-αx), ILxcos(ThetaP>>-αx), ILxcos(ThetaP>>>-αx), ILxcos(ThetaP>>-αx) (x=1, 2, 3) is positive and violates the threshold (IPD>, IPD>>, IPD>>>, IPD>>>>). • in at least one phase, the fundamental component of the current (IL1, IL2, IL3) violates the set thresh- old (IPD>, IPD>>, IPD>>>, IPD>>>>). When the threshold starts, so does its timer. If for the entire operating time of the threshold (tPD>, tPD>>, tPD>>>, tPD>>>>) the above condition per- sists, when the time expires the threshold trips (TRIP), otherwise it resets.

When projection mode detection and two of three - 2/3 trip logic are selected, the start (START) of any threshold of protection 67 occurs when one of the following two conditions is satisfied: • the projection of the current phasor for at least one pair of phases along the characteristic axis ILxcos(θ>-αx), ILxcos(θ>>-αx), ILxcos(θ>>>-αx), ILxcos(θ>-αx) (x=1 and 2, 2 and 3, 3 and 1) is positive and violates the threshold (IPD>, IPD>>, IPD>>>, IPD>>>>). • In at least one pair of phases the fundamental component of the current (IL1 e IL2, IL2 e IL3, IL3 e IL1) violates the threshold (IPD>, IPD>>, IPD>>>, IPD>>>>). When the threshold starts, so does its timer. If for the entire operating time of the threshold (tPD>, tPD>>, tPD>>>, tPD>>>>) the above condition per- sists, when the time expires the threshold trips (TRIP), otherwise it resets. Each threshold of the protection can be enabled or disabled by setting to ON or OFF the parameter IPD> Enable, IPD>> Enable, , IPD>>> Enable and/orIPD>>>> Enable in the menu Set \ Protections \ Maximum directional current - 67 \ Threshold IPD> (Threshold IPD>>, Threshold IPD>>>, Threshold IPD>>>>) \ Parameters. The first two thresholds can be set to definite or inverse time with the parameter IPD>Curve and/or IPD>>Curve (IDEFINITE, NIT, VIT, EIT, LIT ) in the menus Set \ Protections \ Maximum directional current - 67 \ Threshold IPD> \ Parameters and Set \ Protections \ maximum directional current - 67 \ Threshold IPD>>\ Parameters. The first threshold IPD> can be inhibited when at least one of the three thresholds IPD>>, IPD>>>, IPD>>>> starts using the Deactivation IPD> by start IPD>>, Deactivation IPD> by start IPD>>>, Deactivation IPD> by start IPD>>>> (IPD>disbyIPD>>, IPD>disbyIPD>>>, IP- D>disIPD>>>>) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Overcurrent - 67 \ Threshold IPD>>, Threshold IPD>>>, Threshold IPD>>>> \ Parameters. The same applies to the inhibition of: • Second threshold IPD>> by the start of at least one of IPD>>>, IPD>>>> with the Deactivation IPD>> by start IPD>>>, Deactivation IPD>> by start IPD>>>> parameters (IPD>>disbyIPD>>>, IP- D>>disIPD>>>>) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Maximum directional current - 67 \ Thresh- old IPD>>>, Threshold IPD>>>> \ Parameters. • Third threshold IPD>>> by the start of the fourth threshold IPD>>>> with the Deactivation IPD>>> by start IPD>>>> parameter (IPD>>>disIPD>>>>) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Maximum directional current - 67 \ Threshold IPD>>>> \ Parameters. Shrink time For each of the thresholds programmed with definite time characteristic, you can select contracted time by setting to ON the parameter EnTcIPD>def , EnTcIPD>>def, EnTcIPD>>>def e EnTcIPD>>>>def and regulating the contracted time (tcIPD>def , tcIPD>>def, tcIP- D>>>def e tcIPD>>>>def) and operating time (tatcIPD>def, tatcIPD>>def, tatcIP- D>>>def e tatcIPD>>>>def). Once the breaker closes, during the operating time (e.g.: tatcIPD>def), the value of the trip time (e.g.: tPD>def ) is replaced by the contracted time (e.g.: tcIPD>def ); when the operating time expires the trip time is reset (e.g.: tPD>def ). The parameters are available in the menu Set \ Protections \ Overcurrent - 67 \ Threshold IPD> (Threshold IPD>>, Threshold IPD>>>, Threshold IPD>>>>) \ Definite time. Second harmonic restraint For each threshold, a second harmonic restraint block can be set by setting to ON the parameter IP- D>2ndh-REST, IPD>>2ndh-REST, IPD>>>2ndh-REST, IPD>>>>2ndh-REST. The parameters are available in the menu Set \ Protections \ Overcurrent - 67 \ Threshold IPD> (Threshold IPD>>, Threshold IPD>>>,Threshold IPD>>>>) \ Parameters. Functional block (Block3) If the voltmetric measurement chain fails (function 74VT tripped) or amperometric measurement chain fails (function 74CT tripped), all thresholds of protection 67 are blocked.

Voltage memory To increase reliability in all fault conditions, the protection has a voltage memory. This makes it possible to determine the direction of the current even in case of a fault in the immedi- ate vicinity of the voltage transformers. In this situation the protection uses a fictitious polarisation voltage signal which corresponds to the memorised voltage from the cycle preceding the fault. The memorised voltage is used as a reference for one second after all three phase-to-phase voltag- es drop to a value of less than 2% Un. Memory-F67.ai 1s T 0 U12 U12 ≤ 1%Un & 1s T 0 U23 ≤ 1%Un 1s T 0 U31 U< ≤ 1%Un U23 U31 Input U31 Input U23 Input U12 U23 0.01 UN Start time IL1 IL1 * cos IPD> Start 0.02 s 1 s Voltage reference (memory voltage) Memory U23 Memory U31 Memory U12 Memory Timer Voltage memory - protection 67 Closing on short circuit 1 s (voltage memory) Example U23, IL1

Fun_67S1.ai IL1 IL1∙cos ≥1 ≥1 ≥1 ON≡Inhibit (from IP>>, IPD>>> and/or IPD>>>> element) ON≡Enable IPD> directional overcurrent element IPD> inhibition & & & & C =“2/3” C D =“1/3” Logic67 C D IPD> Enable & State IPD>inv ≥ IPD>def ≥ I>inv IPD>def ThetaP> & State Mode67 IL2 Input U31 IL2∙cos Input U23 Input U12 IL3 IL3∙cos tPD>RES T 0 RESET tPD> 0 T tPD>inv tPD>RES Start IPD> Trip IPD> TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) IPD> Curve 0 T IPD>TR-K IPD>TR-L IPD>ST-L IPD>ST-K D ≥1 Start I2ndh> ON≡Inhibit (from 74VT element) 74VT inhibition Block1, Block2 & 2nd harmonic restraint enable (ON≡Enable) I>2ndh-REST & EnTcIPD>def tPD>def tCIPD>def tatcIPD>def tatcIPD>def CB control 0 = tPD>def 1 = tCIPD>def “0” “1” Trip sector Trip sector CB control tatcIPD>def tcIPD>def tPD>def tPD>def BREAKER OPEN Breaker state Shrink time enable Threshold timer t BREAKER CLOSED OFF Shrink time trip ON Trip sector Functional diagram of the frst threshold (IPD>) of the maximum directional current function 67

— Ground directional overcurrent - 67N Preface This function has five adjustable thresholds with programmable trip time. The trip characteristic for the first two thresholds can be selected with definite or inverse time per IEC 60255-3/BS142. The trip characteristic for thresholds IED>>b, IED>>> and IEDSb is definite time. There are also protection functions against intermittent arcs and evolving faults, based on measur- ing the directional ground current and residual voltage, implementing the logics described below. A constant reset time can be set for each of the thresholds. Each protection threshold can be enabled or disabled. Operation and settings Two separate detection criteria are available: • Violation of the residual current threshold (modulus mode) • Violation of the projection of the residual current along the characteristic axis (projection mode). The first and second thresholds IED>, IED>>b can be selected with definite or inverse time per the following characteristic curves: • IEC 255-3/BS142 type A or SIT, inverse time: t = 0.14 · tED>inv / [(IED/IED>inv)0.02 - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type B or VIT, very inverse time: t = 13.5 · tED>inv / [(IPD/IED>inv) - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type LTI, long time inverse: t = 120 · tED>inv / [(IED/IED>inv) - 1] • IEC 255-3/BS142 type C or EIT, extremely inverse time: t = 80 · tPD>inv / [(IED/IED>inv)2 - 1] Where: t: operating time IED>inv: trip threshold (IED>inv, IED>>ainv) for the first and second threshold tED>inv: trip threshold regulation (tED>inv, tED>>ainv) for the first and second threshold The trip characteristic for thresholds IED>>b, IED>>> and IEESb is definite time. The following applies to all the above inverse time characteristics: • The minimum trip current is 1.1 times the set threshold (asymptotic reference time). • The characteristics are defined between 1.1 and 20 times the set threshold;[1] if threshold regula- tion exceeds 0.5 IEn, the upper limit of the measurement range is 10 IEn. • The minimum operating time t is 0.1 s. • For definite time trip characteristics, the upper limit of the measurement range is 10 IEn. Note 1 For input values greater than 20 times the threshold, the operating time is limited to the value corresponding to 20 times the threshold t-int-F67N.ai IED IED>>a IED>>b IED>>> tED> tED>>a tED>>b tED>>> tEDSb IED> IEDSb t Trip characteristic of the thresholds of the ground directional overcurrent protection - 67N TRIP

The operating mode can be selected in the menu Set \ Protections \ Ground directional overcurrent - 67N \ Common configurations, by setting Mode67N; the available values are I (modulus mode) and I*cos (projection mode). For both operating modes, the polarising parameter used as a reference in measuring the phase shift of the residual current can be selected from the following two options: • Direct residual voltage, in which the protection uses the residual voltage UE phasor measured directly at the residual voltage input. • Calculated residual voltage, in which the protection uses the residual voltage UEC phasor whose modulus and argument are calculated as the fundamental component and phase respectively of the sum of the instantaneous values of the three phase voltages measured at the voltmetric phase inputs. It follows that for both of the above detection criteria, the protection measures the phase shift of the residual current IE phasor relative to the residual current phasor (UE con for “direct residual voltage” or UEC for “calculated residual voltage”), positive when the current is delayed relative to the voltage (ΦE=(∠UE - ∠IE, ΦEC=(∠UEC - ∠IE, where ∠ is the argument operator). The type of residual voltage measurement can be set in the menu Set \ Configuration parameters A(or B) \ Ground directional overcurrent - 67N \ Common configurations, parameter 3Votype67N; the available settings are UE (direct) and UEC (calculated). When set to UE (direct measurement), the thresholds are expressed in p.u. UEn; when set to UEC (calculated voltage) the thresholds are expressed in p.u. UECn. For each of the thresholds IED>, IED>>a, IED>>b, IED>>> and IEDSb the characteristic angle can be regulated relative to the polarising parameter, conventionally positive in the clockwise direction. The characteristic angle can be regulated in the range 0…359°. The regulation of the characteristic an- gle identifies the angular position of the characteristic half-axis, which represents the bisector of the angular trip sector. In an electrical system with isolated neutral, a 90° regulation of the character- istic angle corresponds to a directionality of the protection “towards line”, while 270° corresponds to “towards bar”. char-F67N-mode.ai Vectorial diagram of the directional ground protection - 67N operating mode I (modulus) Vectorial diagram of the directional ground protection - 67N operating mode I-cos (projection) IE Non-trip sector (direction towards bar) Non-trip sector (direction towards bar) UE UEC Characteristic semi-axis ΦΕ ορ ΦΕΧ IED threshold: (IED>, IED>>a, IED>>b, IED>>>, 67NSb) (M∙IED>, M∙IED>>a, M∙IED>>b, M∙IED>>>, M∙67NSb) IE ΦΕ ορ ΦΕΧ Characteristic angle Characteristic angle UE UEC Characteristic semi-axis IE ≥ IED threshold IED threshold IE I I∙cos Mode67N IE∙COS(ϑE-ΦE) ≥ IED threshold IED threshold IE I I∙cos Mode67N ΦΕ ορ ΦΕΧ UE UEC 3Votype67N BUS IE UE RESIDUAL VOLTAGE INPUT RESIDUAL CURRENT INPUTS Trip sector (direction towards line) Trip sector (direction towards line) Angular trip sector semi-amplitude Angular trip sector semi-amplitude Angular trip sector semi-amplitude Angular trip sector semi-amplitude LINE IED threshold: (IED>, IED>>a, IED>>b, IED>>>, 67NSb) (M∙IED>, M∙IED>>a, M∙IED>>b, M∙IED>>>, M∙67NSb)

For each of the thresholds IED>, IED>>a, IED>>b, IED>>> and IEDSb the angular trip semi-sector can be regulated relative to the characteristic half-axis in the range 1…180°. For all four thresholds (common configuration), (“Insens-Zone=ON”) activates and (“Ins- ens-Zone=OFF”) deactivates a zone of insensitivity in the voltage current characteristic of protec- tion 67N. When activated, the insensitivity zone remains defined between the set amperometric and voltmetric thresholds and their values multiplied by M, which can be set in the range 1.5…10.0 for all four thresholds together. This insensitivity zone can be used to prevent undesirable trip of the protection due to permanent residual voltages and currents which violate the configured thresholds. The parameters Insens-Zone (OFF, ON) and M can be set in the menu Set \ Protections \ Ground directional overcurrent - 67N \ Common configurations. Form In modulus operating mode, if the protection is not switched to non-directional, the start (START) of any threshold of protection 67N occurs when the following conditions A) and B) are both satisfied: A) With “Insens-Zone=OFF”: - Value of the residual current (IE) greater than the amperometric threshold (IED>, IED>>, IED>>>, IED>>>>) AND - Value of the residual voltage (UE or UEC) greater than the corresponding voltmetric threshold (UED>, UED>>, UED>>>, UED>>>>). With “Insens-Zone=ON”: - Value of the residual current (IE) greater than the amperometric threshold (IED>, IED>>, IED>>>, IED>>>>) AND - Value of the residual voltage (UE or UEC) greater than the corresponding voltmetric threshold (M∙UED>, M∙UED>>, M∙UED>>>, M∙UED>>>>) OR - Value of the residual current (IE) greater than the amperometric threshold (M∙IED>, M∙IED>>, M∙IED>>>, M∙IED>>>>) AND - Value of the residual voltage (UE or UEC) greater than the corresponding voltmetric threshold (UED>, UED>>, UED>>>, UED>>>>). B) The residual current (IE) phasor is included in the angular sector with half-amplitude correspond- ing to the regulation of the threshold in point A) with bisector the characteristic semi-axis of the threshold in point A). char-F67N-IeUe.ai Voltage-current characteristic for the directional ground protection - 67N with deactivation of the insensitivity zone Voltage-current characteristic for the directional ground protection - 67N with activation of the insensitivity zone IE (IED>, IED>>a, IED>>b, IED>>>, 67NSb) (M∙IED>, M∙IED>>a, M∙IED>>b, M∙IED>>>, M∙67NSb) TRIP UE UEC IE (IED>, IED>>a, IED>>b, IED>>>, 67NSb) UED>,UED>>a,UED>>b,UED>>>,UEDSb UED>,UED>>a,UED>>b,UED>>>,UEDSb M∙UED>,M∙UED>>a,M∙UED>>b,M∙UED>>>,M∙UEDSb TRIP UE UEC

With detection criterion in “modulus mode”, if the protection is switched to non-directional by the start of function 74VT, the start (START) of any threshold of protection 67N occurs when the following condition is satisfied: - Value of the residual current (IE) greater than the amperometric threshold (IED>, IED>>, IED>>>, IED>>>>). The parameters Mode67N (operating mode), Type67N (residual voltage measurement type), Insens-Zone (insensitivity zone), M (threshold multiplier for insensitivity zone), 74VTint67N (operation with internal 74VT) and 74VText67N (operation with external 74VT), common to all thresholds, can be set in the menu: Set \ Protections \ Ground directional overcurrent - 67N \ Com- mon configurations. Projection With detection criterion in “projection mode”, the start (START) of any threshold of protection 67N occurs when the following condition C) obtains: C) With “Insens-Zone=OFF”: - Projection of the residual current (IE) along the characteristic axis > 0 AND - Value of the projection of the residual current (IE) along the characteristic axis greater than the amperometric threshold (IED>, IED>>, IED>>>, IED>>>>) AND - Value of the residual voltage (UE or UEC) greater than the corresponding voltmetric threshold (UED>, UED>>, UED>>>, UED>>>>) AND The residual current (IE) phasor is included in the angular sector with half-amplitude corresponding to the regulation of the threshold with bisector the characteristic semi-axis of the threshold.[1] With “Insens-Zone=ON”: - Projection of the residual current (IE) along the characteristic axis > 0 AND - Value of the projection of the residual current (IE) along the characteristic axis greater than the amperometric threshold (IED>, IED>>, IED>>>, IED>>>>) AND - Value of the residual voltage (UE or UEC) greater than the corresponding voltmetric threshold (M∙UED>, M∙UED>>, M∙UED>>>, M∙UED>>>>) OR - Value of the projection of the residual current (IE) along the characteristic axis greater than the amperometric threshold (M∙IED>, M∙IED>>, M∙IED>>>, M∙IED>>>>) AND - Value of the residual voltage (UE or UEC) greater than the corresponding voltmetric threshold (UED>, UED>>, UED>>>, UED>>>>) AND The residual current (IE) phasor is included in the angular sector with half-amplitude corresponding to the regulation of the threshold with bisector the characteristic semi-axis of the threshold.[2] Each threshold of the protection can be enabled or disabled by setting to ON or OFF the parameter IED> Enable, IED>> Enable, , IED>>> Enable and/or IED>>>> Enable in the menu Set \ Protections \ Ground directional overcurrent - 67N \ Threshold IED> (Threshold IED>>, Thresh- old IED>>>, Threshold IED>>>>) \ Parameters. The first two thresholds can be set to definite or inverse time with the parameter IED>Curve and/ or IED>Curve (DEFINITE, IEC/BS A, IEC/BS B, IEC/BS C, ANSI/IEE MI, ANSI/ IEE VI, ANSI/IEE EI, EM) in the menus Set \ Protections \ Ground directional overcurrent - 67N \ Threshold IED> \ Parameters and Set \ Configuration parameters A(or B) \ Ground directional overcurrent - 67N \ Threshold IED>> \ Parameters. The first threshold IED> can be inhibited when at least one of the three thresholds IED>>, IED>>>, IED>>>> starts using the Deactivation IED> by start IED>>, Deactivation IED> by start IED>>>, De- activation IED> by start IED>>>> (IED>disbyIED>>, IED>disbyIED>>>, IED>disb- yIED>>>>) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Ground directional overcurrent - 67N \ Threshold IED>>, Threshold IED>>>, Threshold IED>>>> \ Parameters. The same applies to the inhibition of: • Second threshold IED>> by the start of at least one of IED>>>, IED>>>> with the Deactivation IED>> by start IED>>>, Deactivation IED>> by start IED>>>> parameters (IED>>disbyIED>>>, IED>>disIED>>>>) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Ground directional overcurrent - 67N \ Threshold IED>>>, Threshold IED67N.sb \ Parameters. Note 1 The projection of the residual current phasor along the characteristic axis of each threshold is given by IEcos(ϑE>-ΦE), IEcos(ϑE>>-ΦE), IE- cos(ϑE>>>-ΦE), IEcos(ϑE>>>>-ΦE) for “direct residual voltage”, or: IEcos(ϑE>-ΦEC), IEcos(ϑE>>-ΦEC), IEcos(ϑE>>>-ΦEC), IEcos(ϑE>>>>-ΦEC) for “calculated residual voltage”. The symbols ϑE and ΦEC are not available in the Thysetter and MMI menus Note 2 The projection of the residual current phasor along the characteristic axis of each threshold is given by IEcos(ϑE>-ΦE), IEcos(ϑE>>-ΦE), IE- cos(ϑE>>>-ΦE), IEcos(ϑE>>>>-ΦE) for “direct residual voltage”, or: IEcos(ϑE>-ΦEC), IEcos(ϑE>>-ΦEC), IEcos(ϑE>>>-ΦEC), IEcos(ϑE>>>>-ΦEC) for “calculated residual voltage”. The symbols ϑE and ΦEC are not available in the Thysetter and MMI menus

• Third threshold IED>>> by the start of the fourth threshold IED>>>> with the Deactivation IED>>> by start IED>>>> parameter (IED>>>disIED>>>>) in the menu Set \ Protections \ Ground directional overcurrent - 67N \ Threshold IED67N.Sb \ Parameters. A constant reset time can be set for each threshold (tED>RES, tED>>aRES, tED>>bRES, tED>>>RES, tED67N.SbRES). Shrink time For each of the thresholds programmed with definite time characteristic, you can select contracted time by setting to ON the parameter EnTcIED>def, EnTcIED>>adef, EnTcIED>>bdef, EnTcIED>>>def and EnTcIEDSbdef, and regulating the contracted time (tcIED>def , tcIED>>adef, tcIED>>bdef, tcIED>>>def and tcIEDSbdef) and operating time (tat- cIED>def, tatcIED>>adef, tatcIED>>bdef , tatcIED>>>def and tatcIEDSbdef). Once the breaker closes, during the operating time (e.g.: tatcIPE>def), the value of the trip time (e.g.: tED>def ) is replaced by the contracted time (e.g.: tcIED>def ); when the operating time expires the trip time is reset (e.g.: tED>def ). The parameters are available in the menu Set \ Protections \ Ground directional overcurrent - 67N \ Threshold IED> (Threshold IED>>a, Threshold IED>>b, Threshold IED>>>,Threshold 67N.Sb) \ Definite time. Second harmonic restraint For each threshold, a second harmonic restraint block can be set by setting to ON the param- eter IED>2ndh-REST, IED>>a2ndh-REST, IED>>b2ndh-REST, IED>>>2ndh- REST, 67N.Sb2ndh-REST. The parameters are available in the menu Set \ Protections \ Ground directional overcurrent - 67N \ Threshold IED> (Threshold IED>>a, Threshold IED>>b, Threshold IED>>>,Threshold 67N.Sb) \ Pa- rameters. Functional block (Block3) If the voltmetric measurement chain fails (function 74VT tripped) or amperometric measurement chain fails (function 74CT tripped), all thresholds of protection 67N are blocked. — Ground directional overcurrent - 67N (Intermittent faults) Preface The maximum directional ground current protection function IED>>>> detects intermittent “Arcing ground” faults Detection is done by protection function 67N logically controlling the start statuses, by starting a specific 59N threshold or by receiving the Goose IEC61850 for the state of start by residual overvolt- age of the protection DV7500. The logic of threshold IED>>>> is shown in the following figure: char-F67N-intermittenti.ai tED>>>>RRIC59N IED>>>>-UE> T R 0 tED>>>> T 0 tED>>>>RRIC59N tED>>>>RRIC67N tED>>>>Inb tED>>>> T 0 tED>>>>RRIC67N tED>>>>1s tED>>>>1s Start UE>Ext ≥1 ≥1 & (ON Enable) IED>>>>-IED>Av Enable Start IED> & (ON Enable) IED>>>>-IED>>a_Av Enable Start IED>>a Start IED>>b & (ON Enable) IED>>>>-IED>>b_Av Enable & (ON Enable) In dig.(61850) TripIED>>>> IED>>>>-UeExt_Av Enable & & T R 0 tED>>>>Inb UE & State UE ≥IED>>>>-UE> Functional diagram of the threshold of the directional ground protection against intermittent faults (67N)

— Ground directional overcurrent - 67N (Evolving faults) Preface The maximum directional ground current protection function 67N for detecting evolving arcs detects the type of intermittent fault originating in sequence on different feeders. Detection is done logically controlling the start statuses generated by protection function 67N, by starting a specific 59N threshold, or by receiving the Goose IEC61850 for the state of start by residual overvoltage of the protection. The logic of threshold IED>>>>> is shown in the following figure: char-F67N-evolutivi.ai tED>>>>>RRIC IED>>>>-UE> T R 0 tED>>>>>O T 0 tED>>>>>RRIC tED>>>>>RAO tED>>>>>O T 0 tED>>>>>RAO Start UE>Ext ≥1 ≥1 & (ON Enable) IED>>>>-IED>Av Enable Start IED> & (ON Enable) IED>>>>-IED>>a_Av Enable Start IED>>a Start IED>>b & (ON Enable) IED>>>>-IED>>b_Av Enable & (ONEnable) In dig.(61850) IED>>>>-UeExt_Av Enable & TripIED>>>>> UE & State UE ≥IED>>>>-UE> Functional diagram of the threshold of the directional ground protection against evolving faults (67N)

IE IE 3Vo 3Vo 3Vo 3Vo 3Vo ≥1 & & foglio 3 Insens-Zone OFF Insens-Zone ON M & State IED>inv ≥ IED>inv ≥ IED>def IED>def Angle Semisector & State OFF ON Insens-Zone ΦE inside trip sector IE ΦE inside trip sector ≥1 ≥1 & State UED>inv ≥ UED>def ≥ UED>inv UED>def & State IE ≥1 & & State IED>inv ≥ IED>def ≥ IED>inv IED>def & State ≥1 & State UED>inv ≥ M∙UED>def ≥ M∙UED>inv UED>def & State IE ≥1 & & State IED>inv ≥ M∙IED>def ≥ M∙IED>inv IED>def & State ≥1 & State UED>inv ≥ UED>def ≥ UED>inv UED>def & State 3Vo IE TRIP 3Vo IE TRIP IE Insens-Zone OFF ON UE UEC 3Votype67N 3Vo I I∙cos Mode67N ≥ M∙threshold M Common confgurations Functional diagram of the frst threshold (IED>) of the ground directional overcurrent function 67N - Modulus mode (sheet 1 of 3)

IE IE 3Vo 3Vo 3Vo 3Vo IE ≥1 & & foglio 3 P & State IED>inv IE∙cosϕ ≥ IED>inv IE∙cosϕ ≥ 0 IED>def Angle Semisector & State IE∙cosϕ ≥ IED>def IE ≥1 & State IED>inv IE∙cosϕ ≥ IED>inv IED>def & State IE∙cosϕ ≥ IED>def IE ≥1 & State IED>inv IE∙cosϕ ≥M∙IED>inv IED>def & State IE∙cosϕ ≥M∙IED>def OFF ON Insens-Zone ΦE inside trip sector IE ΦE inside trip sector ≥1 ≥1 & State UED>inv ≥ UED>def ≥ UED>inv UED>def & State 3Vo IE IE∙cosϕ ≥ 0 & ≥1 & State UED>inv ≥ M∙UED>def ≥ M∙UED>inv UED>def & State & ≥1 & State UED>inv ≥ UED>def ≥ UED>inv UED>def & State 3Vo IE TRIP 3Vo IE TRIP IE Insens-Zone OFF ON UE UEC 3Votype67N 3Vo I I∙cos Mode67N ≥ M∙threshold M Insens-Zone OFF Insens-Zone ON Common confgurations IE Trip sector Characteristic angle ΦΕ ϕ UE UEC Characteristic semi-axis Angular trip sector semi-amplitude Functional diagram of the frst threshold (IED>) of the ground directional overcurrent function 67N - Projection mode (sheet 2 of 3)

Fun_67NS1-3.ai ON≡Enable IED> directional earth fault & IED> Enable tED>RES T 0 RESET t ED> 0 T tED>RES Start IED> Trip IED> TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) IED> Curve 0 T IED>TR-K IE>TR-L IED>ST-L IED>ST-K t ED>inv Mode67N C D C D M IE Insens-Zone OFF ON UE UEC 3Votype67N 3Vo I I∙cos Mode67N ≥ M∙threshold M Common confgurations ≥1 Start I2ndh> Block1, Block2 & 2nd harmonic restraint enable (ON≡Enable) I>2ndh-REST & EnTcIED>def tED>def tCIED>def tatcIED>def tatcIED>def CB control 0 = tED>def 1 = tCIED>def ON≡Inhibit (from 74VT element) 74VT inhibition “0” “1” CB control tatcIPD>def tcIPD>def tPD>def tPD>def BREAKER OPEN Breaker state Shrink time enable Threshold timer t BREAKER CLOSED OFF Shrink time trip ON Functional diagram of the frst threshold (IED>) of the ground directional overcurrent function 67N (sheet 3 of 3) D =“modulus” (page 1) C =“projection” (page 2)

— Logical block - Block1 To block the trip of a given protection function, one can map to the logical block function to the logical inputs.[1] The logical inputs are mapped in the menu Set \ Input board inputs \ Input IN1-1 (Input IN1-6); select Logical block for the parameter Input function IN1-x (x=1...6) All protection functions for which the logical block is enabled are blocked when the signal is active. The status of the function's logical block is available in read (ThySetter and comms interfaces); it is active when the following conditions obtain simultaneously: • Logical input activated, • Start of function active (ON), • Trip of function in standby (OFF). The logical block is not subject to inhibition criteria after a programmable delay, hence the associat- ed protection function is block for as long as the input remains active.[2] Note 1 In this description, the logical block is called both “Logical block” and “Block1” without distinction Note 2 The block signal holds the timer in reset Blocco_L.ai RESET Operate time 0 T Measure Input TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) BLK1xx Operate time Threshold Startxx Startxx Tripxx Tripxx & & Enable (ON≡Enable) Block1 input (ON≡Block) Block1 info (internal state) xxBLK1 Block1 Block1 Binary input IN1-x (x=1...6) T 0 Logic IN1-x t ON IN1-x t ON IN1-x t OFF T 0 n.o. n.c. IN1-x t OFF & Protection threshold xx enabled to receive logical block Functional diagram of logical block - Block1 Start Block1 (input) Block1 (output) Trip Operate time t Timers-Block1.ai Logical block timers (Block1) CAUTION The activation of a logical input to which the logical block has been mapped blocks all protections for which the block is enabled

— EAC (Equilibratore Automatico di Carico) [ALB frequency (Automatic Load Balancer)] protection Preface EAC (Equilibratore Automatico di Carico) [ALB frequency (Automatic Load Balancer)] protection processes the following values: • frequency [Hz]; • derivative of the frequency [Hz/s]. The introduction of the derivative of the frequency is motivated by the need to quickly deal with situations caused by large power deficits. The protection has the following regulations: • Block functions • Filter functions (measurement means and times) • EAC1 : 81U, 81O, 81R • EAC2 : 81U, 81O, 81R The frequency and frequency derivative values are measured for each phase voltage: • UL1 • UL2 • UL3 Operating logic The functions EACx (EAC1, EAC2): • First maximum/minimum threshold (81O/81U) frequency f>/f<1a [fxa] • Second maximum/minimum threshold (81O/81U) frequency f>/f<1b [fxb] • Maximum frequency derivative threshold (81R) df>1 [dfx/dt] can be blocked when one of the following thresholds is violated: • Minimum voltage Ueac< • Maximum voltage Ueac> • Maximum unbalance ULS> the reference value is the difference in absolute value of one of the phase voltages |UL1|, |UL2|, |UL3 | and the mean of the three (|UL1|+|UL2|+|UL3|)/3 • Maximum frequency difference UG> the reference value is the difference in absolute value of the phase frequencies max(f1-f2, f2-f3, f3-f1) • Maximum variation between consecutive periods UDT> if T1 and T2 are the amplitudes of two consecutive periods, the reference value is given by their difference DT=|T1-T2| • Maximum active return power P-> the reference parameter is the active power input at the bar side, the function can be enabled/ disabled With EACx enabled (no block) LEDs and relays can be associated for local and remote verification. Increasing reliability For more precise measurements and improved insensitivity to transients, the following settings can be made: • Number of semi-periods for the average of the frequencies • Number of semi-periods for calculating the first scale df/dt • Number of semi-periods for calculating the second scale df/dt • Number of semi-periods for calculating the third scale df/dt • Number of averages for calculating the first scale df/dt • Number of averages for calculating the second scale df/dt • Number of averages for calculating the third scale df/dt

& & & & & & & > & EACx fxa dfx/dt fxb Ueac< EnUeac< Ueac> EnUeac> ULS> EnULS> UG> EnUG> UDT> EnUDT> P-> EnP-> EAC Logic

— Second harmonic restraint - 2ndh-REST Preface When a power transformer is powered up, the phenomenon of inrush current occurs, teh amount and duration of which depends on a variety of factors, including: • Instantaneous value of the power voltage. • Structural characteristics of the transformer, magnetisation characteristic and dimensions. • Residual flux. The maximum value of the inrush current is obtained when the transformer is powered with voltage applied when the sine wave passes through zero, in the positive or negative direction, with positive or negative residual flux respectively. Furthermore, the ratio between the maximum inrush current and the nominal transformer current diminishes with the size of the transformer itself. In any case, the inrush current contains a significant second harmonic component. To prevent the slow intervention of certain protections due to the inrush current, the second har- monic restraint function can be enabled for each threshold of protections 46, 50/51, 50N/51N, 51N(E), 51N(Eme), 51(SQL), 67 and 67N. Operating logic The second harmonic component of each phase current (IL1-2nd, IL2-2nd, IL3-2nd) is compared with an adjustable threshold I2ndh>. When one or two of the three second harmonic components violate the threshold, the threshold itself starts. To keep the protection functions blocked until they are reset, the second harmonic restraint function features an adjustable reset time t2ndh>RES. Protections for which the second harmonic restraint is enabled are blocked for an adjustable maxi- mum time; the parameter t2ndH-REST can be set in the menu Set \ Protections \ Second harmonic restraint - 2ndh-REST. 2NDH-REST-diagram.ai IL1-nd t2ndh-REST T 0 ≥1 ≥1 t2ndh-REST t2ndh>RES T 0 t2ndh>RES Logic2ndREST Start I2ndh> I2ndh> IL1-nd ≥ I2ndh> IL2-nd IL2-nd ≥ I2ndh> IL3-nd IL3-nd ≥ I2ndh> 1/3 2/3 & & & Functional diagram of the second harmonic restraint - 2NDH/REST

— Breaker monitoring Preface A variety of diagnostic, measurement and control functions are provided: • The relay determines the position of the breaker by monitoring the status of auxiliary contacts 52a and 52b. This information enables the user to issue the open/close commands in complete safety. • An approximate threshold for the wear of the breaker's poles can be set; when the sum of the in- terrupted currents (SI or SI2) or the number of opening commands violates this threshold, an alarm signal is issued. This function enables the user to schedule maintenance. • The relay determines the opening time by monitoring the status of auxiliary contacts 52a and 52b; if it is too high, an alarm signal is issued. Operating logic By convention, the status of auxiliary contact 52a corresponds to the position of the breaker (52a open = breaker open), while that of 52b is opposite to the position of the breaker (52b open = breaker closed); the two auxiliary contacts must be mapped to two logical inputs. To do so, the functions 52a and 52b must be configured in the menu Set \ Input board inputs \ Input IN1-1...(Input IN1-6). The said logical inputs must be programmed with Direct logic and the activation/deactivation timers IN1 tON, INx tON, IN1 tOFF and INx tOFF must be zeroed and set to DIRECT operating logic. BREAKER CONTROL Two output relays can be programmed to open and close the breaker; to do so, set the parameters CBopen-K and CBclose-K in the menu Set \ Breaker monitoring \ Associated relays-LEDs; the position of the breaker can be displayed by assigning the status to two LEDs (parameters CBopen-L and CBclosed-L). All parameters are common to the two calibration configurations. OPENING COMMAND BREAKER DIAGNOSTICS The breaker diagnostic function uses a variety of criteria to estimate the wear of the breaker. 1) Opening command count (ModeN.Open ON). When the set threshold is violated (N.Open) an alarm signal is issued, which can be assigned to a final relay and/or indicator LED. 2) Opening load command count (ModeN.MnvLoad ON). When the set threshold is violated (N.MnvLoad) an alarm signal is issued, which can be assigned to a final relay and/or indicator LED. 3) Opening no load command count (ModeN.MnvNoLoad ON). When the set threshold is vio- lated (N.MnvNoLoad) an alarm signal is issued, which can be assigned to a final relay and/or indicator LED. 4) Sum of interrupted currents at each pole (ModeSumI ON). When the set threshold is violated (SumI) an alarm signal is issued, which can be assigned to a final relay and/or indicator LED.. 5) I2t sum of interrupted currents at each pole (ModeSumI ON). The protection calculates the sum of the specific pass-through energy I2t on the basis of the measurement of the phase currents at the time of the open command, and using the user programmable breaker opening time specifical- ly provided for calculating I2t (tbreak). When the set threshold is violated (SumI^2t) an alarm signal is issued, which can be assigned to a final relay and/or indicator LED.. 6) Duration of open command (Mode-tOpen ON). The protection measures the time between the trip command of a protection function, selected in relation to the associated final relay (Ktrig-break), and acquisition of the breaker open status. When the set time period is exceeded (tbreak>) an alarm signal is issued, which can be assigned to a final relay and/or indicator LED.. Fun-CB-position.ai Towards CB diagnostic TRIPPING MATRIX (LED) 52a ON/OFF t break 0 T t break CB monitoring Opening transition 52b ON/OFF 52a 52 52b +UAUX -UAUX 52a 52b Binary input INx T 0 INx t ON T 0 n.o. n.c. INx tON Logic INx tOFF INx t OFF Binary input INx T 0 INx t ON T 0 n.o. n.c. INx tON Logic INx tOFF INx t OFF =1 Functional diagram of the breaker position monitoring function

The criteria can be used separately or together at the user's discretion, depending on his selected maintenance schedule. All the above parameters, as well as the mapping of output relays and LEDs, are available in the menu Set \ Breaker monitoring \ Breaker diagnostics. tbreak-K tbreak-L TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) t break State SumI From CB position N.Open-K N.Open-L TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) State N.Open Opening transition Opening transition Opening transition ≥ N.Open ≥ N.MnvLoad Mode-N.Open & From CB position Opening transition ≥ Mode-tOpen Ktrig-break & ICB ≥ MnvLoad> MnvLoad> ModeN.MnvLoad & & From CB position SumIL3 SumIL2 SumIL1 Opening transition ≥ Sum I SumI SumI-K SumI-L TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) State SumI ModeSumI & IL2 ∑ IL1 I Max Max ∑I ∑I IL3 From CB position TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) State SumI ≥ N.MnvLoad ICB ≤ MnvLoad> MnvLoad> ModeN.MnvLoad & & From CB position State tbreak SumI^2t-K SumI^2t-L Mode-SumI^2t TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) State SumI^2t From CB position SumIL3^2t SumIL2^2t SumIL1^2t Opening transition ≥ Sum I^2t Sum I^2t & IL2 ∑ IL1 I2t ∑I2t ∑I2t Max Max IL3 Breaker diagnostics - maximum opening time Breaker diagnostics - opening count Breaker diagnostics - command under load count Breaker diagnostics - command no load count Breaker diagnostics - sum of interrupted energy Breaker diagnostics - sum of interrupted currents

CLOSING COMMAND BREAKER DIAGNOSTICS The breaker diagnostic function uses a variety of criteria to estimate the wear of the breaker. 1) Closing command count (ModeN.Close ON). When the set threshold is violated (N.Close) an alarm signal is issued, which can be assigned to a final relay and/or indicator LED. 2) Duration of close command (Mode-tClose ON). The protection measures the time between the close command, selected in relation to the associated final relay (Ktrig-Close), and acquisition of the breaker closed status. When the set time period is exceeded (tClose>) an alarm signal is issued, which can be assigned to a final relay and/or indicator LED.. CYCLIC OPERATION OF THE BREAKER The DMC panel has a function (which can be enabled/disabled) which cyclically operates the break- er. The function is active: • when the breaker is closed, • when the line is in service, • when no protection functions have been actuated, • when no cyclic reclosing is in progress. Cyclic operation is characterised by an Open-Close cycle scheduled by days, time periods and fre- quencies, with programmable duration of the Open state. The function is automatically delayed by 60 minutes if a protection function is in start status (not followed by trip). If a function has tripped or a manual command is given (whether local/remote), the cyclic function is postponed to the next programmed trip day. From CB position N.Close-K N.Close-L TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) State N.Close Closing transition ≥ N.Close ModeN.Close & From CB position tClose-K tClose-L TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) State t.Close Closing transition ≥ tClose Mode-t.Close & Breaker diagnostics - closing time count Breaker diagnostics - closing count

— Average measures The average measures (Demand) are calculated as follows: Fixed mean IL1FIX, IL2FIX, IL3FIX Arithmetic mean of the values IL1, IL2, IL3 acquired every 1 s, over a time period tFIX , from 1 to 60 min- utes, updated at the end of the period itself. The mean can be reset with the keypad, with the command Reset average measures (in the menu Commands Thysetter), or via a logical input. The parameter tFIX is in the menu Set \ Average meas- ures. Mobile mean IL1ROL, IL2ROL, IL3ROL The arithmetic mean, in a mobile window of N.Rol * tROL, of the values IL1, IL2, IL3 acquired every 1 s, where T is the length of each subinterval of time tROL, from 1 to 60 minutes, and N.Rol is the number of subintervals of time (from 1 to 24), updated at the end of each subinterval. The mean can be reset with the keypad, with the command Reset average measures (in the menu Commands Thy- setter), or via a logical input. The parameters tROL and N.Rol are in the menu Set \ Average measures. Maximum IL1MAX, IL2MAX, IL3MAX Maximum value of the arithmetic mean of the values IL1, IL2, IL3 acquired every 1 s, over a window equal to the time subinterval tROL (setting shared with Mobile mean), updated at the end of the subinterval itself. The mean can be reset with the keypad, with the command Reset average measures (in the menu Commands Thysetter), or via a logical input. tROL is the same parameter as that used for the Mobile mean. Minimum IL1MIN, IL2MIN, IL3MIN Minimum value of the arithmetic mean of the values IL1, IL2, IL3 acquired every 1 s, over a window equal to the time subinterval tROL (setting shared with Mobile mean), updated at the end of the subinterval itself. The mean can be reset with the keypad, with the command Reset average measures (in the menu Commands Thysetter), or via a logical input. tROL is the same parameter as that used for the Mobile mean. — Oscillographyy Set trigger The following parameters in the menu Oscillography \ Set trigger are user programmable: • Pre-trigger time and Post-trigger time. • When the parameter Enable triggers with outputs is set to ON, registration starts when any protection threshold changes state. • When the parameter Trigger with outputs is set to ON , registration starts when one or more outputs selected in the menu trigger with outputs (51AP, 52CH, 80S, KS1-1...6) and trigger with DMRIS0 control outputs (OUTD1-1, OUTD1-2, OUTD2-1, OUTD2-2) change status. • When the parameter Enable triggers with inputs is set to ON, registration starts when any logical input selected in the menu changes state. - Trigger with inputs (IN1-1...IN1-6, INC-1...INC-5) - Trigger with DMRIS01 inputs (IND1-1...IND1-12) - Trigger with DMRIS02 inputs (IND2-1...IND2-12) • Filling 80% of memory will generate an alarm if the parameter 80% buffer alarm is set to ON. Set sampled channels The instantaneous values (iL1, iL2, iL3, iE, uL1, uL2, uL3, uE, uAUX, iCBCOIL, iL2C, iL2C, u12, u23, u311, uL41, ISQL1, INe) to be registered can be selected in the menu Set \ Oscillography \ Set sampled channels. Set measurement channels The analogue values (Frequency, IL1, IL2, IL3, IE, UL1, UL2, UL3, UE, U12,...etc.) to be registered can be selected in the menu Set \ Oscillography \ Set measurement channels. Each of the twelve measurement channels can be mapped to a measurement. Set digital channels The I/O signals (52AP, 52CH, 80S, TripMV, KS1-1... KS1-6, KC2-1...KC2-8, KS1-1... KS1-6, IN1-1... IN1-6, INC-1... INC-5) to be registered cxan be selected in the menu Set \ Oscillography \ Set digital chan- nels. Set DMRIS0 digital channels The I/O signals related to the first external DMRIS0 module (IND1-1...IND1-12, OUT1-1, OUT1-2) and second external DMRIS0 module (IND2-1...IND2-12, OUT2-1, OUT2-2) to be registered can be se- lected in the menu Set \ Oscillography \ Set digital channels and Set \ Oscillography \ Set DMRIS0 digital channels. Each of the sixteen digital channels can be mapped to an I/O signal. trigger.ai Oscillograph trigger Trigger Time pre-trigger post-trigger

— CT Monitoring - 74CT Preface The function detects interruptions of the secondary phase CT circuits and/or DMC3S panel input cir- cuits by measuring the symmetry of the secondary CT currents themselves. The symmetry is meas- ured in terms of the ratio between the minimum and maximum RMS values of the three fundamental components of the three phase currents (ILMIN /ILMAX). The function starts if both the following conditions are satisfied: • (ILMIN /ILMAX) < S< • ILMAX > I* where S< is the trip threshold and I* is the maximum threshold of the three phase currents, both of which can be set by the user. When the function starts, so does the count of timer tS<. If the two above conditions persist, when the operating time expires, the function trips (Trip), otherwise it is reset. The trip characteristic is definite time. When the function is actuated, the associated final relay SI* I* Enable (ONEnable) Block1 input (ONBlock) & & S

— VT monitoring - 74VT Preface The line VT monitoring function is used to detect faults on the voltmetric inputs from the VT line relay. Such faults may typically be due to interruptions in the secondary connections of the TVs or faults on the relay's internal measurement circuitry. The function is used both to provide an alarm signal and activate emergency function 51N (51N Eme) and to block functions 25, 32P, 67 and 67(N) which may intervene incorrectly in the absence of the measured voltages. The function detects VT faults under the following conditions: • loss of one or two phase voltages; • loss of the three phase voltages under load; • absence of the three phase voltages after power up. • Loss of one or two phase voltages; This fault in the voltage measurement circuits causes a negative sequence voltage component to appear, but without the negative sequence current component. The loss of one or two phase volt- ages is detected when the negative sequence voltage component violates an adjustable threshold (U2VT>) and the negative sequence current component is below an adjustable threshold (I2VT>). The negative sequence current component is calculated as follows: I2 = (I∙L1+e-j120°I∙L2+e+j120°I∙L3)/3, The negative sequence voltage component is calculated as follows: U2 = (U∙L1+e-j120°U∙L2+e+j120°U∙L3)/3, where e-j120° = -1/2 - j√3/2 e e+j120° = -1/2 + j√3/2 • Loss of the three phase voltages under load Loss of the three phase voltages under load is detected when the fundamental component of all three phase voltages falls below a configurable threshold (UVT<) and all three phase currents dur- ing the current grid parameter period (IL1(k), IL2(k), IL3(k)) do not differ from an adjustable threshold (DIVT<) from the value of the same currents measured over the preceding period (IL1(k-1), IL2(k-1), IL3(k-1)). By checking whether the currents vary between the current and previous grid periods we avoid erroneous activation of function 74VT in case of a three-phase dead short close to the TVs, when the voltages suffer a drastic drop and the currents increase rapidly. Under load, on the other hand, the currents do not vary, or the variation due to a change in the load, is lower than that expe- rienced during a short circuit. • Absence of the three phase voltages after power up The absence of the three phase voltages after power up is detected when the breaker is closed and the three phase voltages (UL1, UL2, UL3) are all below the adjustable threshold (UVT<) and the three phase currents (IL1, IL2, IL3) are all below the adjustable threshold (IVT>) - the latter must be set to a value greater than the current present when the load is powered up, but lower than the short circuit current. If the parameter 74VT-BLK1 is set to ON and a logical input is set to acquire the logical block (Block1), the function is blocked for the activation time of the logical input in question. The operating timer is held in reset mode so that the operating time count starts when the block signal expires;[1]the logical block function can be assigned to the input in the menu Set \ Input board inputs \ Input IN1-1... (Input IN1-6). All parameters are available in the menu Set \ VT -74VT monitoring Functional block (Block3) When a fault is detected under one of the three preceding conditions, the VT monitoring function activates the 51N emergency function (51N eme), blocks functions 25, 32P, 67 and 67N) and, after a configurable delay tVT-AL, issues an alarm. Notes 1 For a detailed description of the operation of the logical block (Block 1) refer to the paragraph “Logical block” in the chapter MONITORING AND CONTROL. .

UVT< Fun_74VT.ai U2 U2 ≥ U2VT> 74VT-AL-K 74VT-AL-L 74VT-BK-K 74VT-BK-L “1”≡ CB CLOSED I2 I2 ≥ I2VT> Max(UL1...UL3) ≤ UVT< Max(IL1...IL3) ≥ IVT> Min(UL1...UL3) ≥ UVT< |IL1(k)-IL1(k-1)| |IL2(k)-IL2(k-1)| ≤ IVT< |IL3(k)-IL3(k-1)| & & & & & & & & & S R Q S R Q & ≥1 ≥1 tVT-AL T 0 RESET BLOCK 25/32P/67/67N ATTIVA 51N(E) U2VT> I2VT> tVT-AL IVT> IVT< ≤ IVT< ≤ IVT< (ON=1≡Autoreset enabled) (ON=1≡Reset key) Self-reset 74VT CB closed Reset key Reset ThySetter Remote Reset (ON=1≡remote reset) (Remote interface reset) Reset LEDs 74VT Block out TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) ON≡Enable 74VT 74VT Enable A A B C D E G H E G H D B C Alarm 74VT Block 74VT Enable (ON≡Enable) Block1 input (ON≡Block) Block1 BLK1 74VT Block1 Binary input INx T 0 Logic INx t ON INx t ON INx t OFF T 0 n.o. n.c. INx t OFF Functional diagram of the VT monitoring function (74VT) Activates 74VT when one or more phase voltages is lost and no negative sequence current is available (to discriminate disymmetric short circuits). Activates 74VT when all three phase voltages are lost with e generator under load. Activates 74VT when all three phase voltage are absent during line power up (VT not connected), and checks that none of the three currents are greater than IVT>. To not activate 74VT on closing to a polyphase shirt circuit, IVT> must be set to a value lower than ICC (but greater than the maximum load inrush current). In any case the breaker must be closed, otherwise 74VT activates with the machine stopped. Inhibits activation of 74VT on polyphase short circuits, by setting the fip-fop when the current variation of at least one phase is subject to a pulse variation. The inhibition of 74VT automatically resets when all three phase voltages return above the threshold and the negative sequence voltage falls below the threshold. The activation of 74VT is maintained when at least one of conditions A, B and C is satisfed. The function 74VT can be reset manually (so long as the automatic reset conditions in point D are satisfed) or automatically, if confgured to do so by the user. Activation of 74VT can be inhibited by a block command applied to a digital input. Activation of 74VT is always reported. The voltage inverse protections can also be blocked, if so confgured by the user.

— Breaker coils control monitoring Preface The breaker open/close circuit can be controlled by the relay to report any faults capable of caus- ing failure of operation of the breaker due to trip of protections or due to the operator's intentional commands. The 74TCS monitoring function detects faults such as circuit interruptions, loss of auxiliary voltage or interruption/short circuit of the open/close coils. The supervision is implemented by means of detection of the current circulating in the breaker's coilss, the operating logic is selected automatically by the protection function itself. Operating logic The command circuit monitoring function can be enabled or disabled; to do so set to ON or OFF the parameter FMCBCOIL Enable in the menu Set \ Breaker coils control monitoring. When the breaker is closed, diagnostics are run on the opening coils, and vice-versa. If the position is not congruent, diagnostics are run on both coilss. A circuit fault is reported when the current IR is below the set threshold during the CH pulse (close command) or AP pulse (open command). The duration of the CH and AP pulses can be set in the menu Set \ Breaker coils control monitoring \ CH pulse duration and Set \ Breaker coils control monitoring \ AP pulse duration. Since this condition can arise even when the breaker's opening circuit is operating (e.g.: the protec- tion has commanded opening but the opening time has not yet passed), to prevent incorrect report- ing, the fault condition is controlled cyclically every 60 s, the first under threshold condition initiates the START, and if this condition persists for a further 120 s (60+60) the TRIP is actuated; if, on the other hand, IR returns above the thrshold everything is working properly and the START is aborted. +VAUX -VAUX -VAUX Command Open Command Closed R THRESHOLD 5 ms Alarm Normal IR IR EXAMPLE OF NORMAL COILS OPERATION THRESHOLD 2 ÷ 5 ms IR START TRIP 60 s 60 s Alarm Normal 3 PULSES UNDER THRESHOLD PRODUCE A TRIP

— Synchrocheck relay (Synchro check) - 25 Preface The synchro check function checks that the connection between two grids (synchronous or asyn- chronous) can be made without risking the stability of the power system. A typical application is the synchronisation of two bars by means of a coupler. Measurement inputs The grid voltages measured at the inputs are used: • V1: the reference measurement: the parameter Voltage measurement for synchro check in the menu Set \ Base selects the parameter (phase voltage UL1, UL2 UL3)[1]. • V2 voltage measurement (phase-ground) to be synchronised. The input otherwise used to measure the residual voltage is used (clamps MV5-MV6); the selection uses the parameter Measurement UE or V2 in the menu Set \ Base.[1] Output relays The synchro check function can activate one or more output relays according to the usual matrix assignment criterion. You must select Pulse mode (menu Set \ Relay) and program the duration according to the specifi- cations of the breaker. The devices uses the measured difference in frequency between the two grids to determine whether the grids are synchronous or asynchronous. Synchronous grids For synchronous grids the final relay is commanded (synchronisation ok) when the following con- ditions obtain: • the trip signal (keypad, logical input or communication) is active, • the block input signal (keypad, logical input or communication) is inactive, • the breaker is open, • the control of inputs V1 and V2 (function 74VT) is ok, • the two measured frequencies are in the permitted operating range (fn ± fRANGE) for an adjustable time of no less than tSTAB, • the difference, which defines the synchronous grid condition, between the two measured frequen- cies is less than an adjustable threshold (df-GRID) for an adjustable time of no less than tSTAB, • the value of the two voltages is between a minimum threshold (Vmin-SYNC) and a maximum thresh- old (Vmax-SYNC), both adjustable, for an adjustable time of no less than tSTAB, • the difference between the voltages V1 and V2 (with V1 > V2) is less than an adjustable threshold (dV12-SYNC), or the difference between V2 and V1 (with V1 < V2) is less than an adjustable thresh- old (dV21-SYNC), for an adjustable time no less than tSTAB, • the phase shift between V1 and V2 (with V2 delayed relative to V1) is less than an adjustable thresh- old (dp12-SYNC), or that between V1 and V2 (with V1 delayed relative to V2) is less than an adjusta- ble threshold (dp21-SYNC), for an adjustable time no less than tSTAB, • the above conditions persist for a time no less than the adjustable parameter (tSYNC). If any of the above conditions does not obtain, the close command is not issued. Note 1 This parameter can only be modified at Level 1 BUSBAR 1 BUSBAR 2 25 Close command DMC3 V2 V1 Synchronisation of two bars Regulation ranges for the synchronisation check function (25) dv12-SYNC dv21-SYNC dp12-SYNC (V2 delayed relative to V1) dp21-SYNC (V2 in advance of V1) { { V2 V1 V Asynchronous grids Synchronous grids f df-GRID dv21-SYNC (V2>V1) df21-SYNC (f1V2) df12-SYNC (f1>f2)

Asynchronous grids For asynchronous grids (e.g. two separate distribution grids) the final relay is operated (synchro- nisation ok) once the comparison between the amplitudes and frequencies has been passed. The close command is issued in advance of the null phase shift condition, when the measured phase shift is equal to the value calculated from the delays (relay + breaker close time) and frequency difference between the two grids (slip frequency). In this way, the contacts close in a condition of perfect synchronisation. If a power transformed is present between the two voltage measurement inputs, the amplitude dif- ferences on both sides must be compensated for. This compensation can be done externally (using adapter transformers) or internally (software). The software compensation is programmed using the parameter Phase correction V1-V2 in the menu Set \ Base[1], so as to compensate for the phase shift without the need for external adapter transformers. If there is no power transformer or external adapter transformers are used, a null phase shift must be set. Control Functions The following parameters are controlled cyclically: • Instability of the frequency measurement: if the measurement is unstable, a report is issued, and if the difference between consecutive measurements is greater than the adjustable value of parame- ter Rof>SYNC , execution of the parallel is suspended. Setting Rof>SYNC = 0 disables stability control. • Status of the line VT monitoring function; if faults are detected on the secondary VT connections or due to intervention of function 74VT, execution of the parallel is suspended. Operating logic The synchronisation control sequence can be started by a pulse command generated by: • automatic reclosing, internal to the protection relay, • a local command on the front keypad with the (closing) button • a command over the comms interface. When synchronisation control is requested, the congruence controls are run (see the preceding par- agraph). If a non-permitted state is detected, the Fault Sync report is issued and synchronisation control is not run. If, on the other hand, the checks are positive, the synchronisation control sequence is initiated (re- port SYNC - n IN PROGRESS; with n = 0, 1, 2, depending on the operating mode).. Only the enable conditions for the current operating mode are checked. If both voltages are incoming (Mode 0), the device checks whether the two grids are synchronous or asynchronous by comparing the measured frequency difference to the threshold Df-GRID; if the difference is less than the threshold, the grids are deemed to be synchronous. The various operating situations are reported by messages: If the conditions are satisfied, the synchronisation function issues a close enable signal. The duration of the enable signal can be adjusted by setting the parameter Operating mode to PULSE and the duration (Minimum pulse duration) to the desired value for the final relay programmed in function 25; the parameters are available in the menu Set \ Control board 1 outputs. You can set the synchronisation attempt timeout (timeout-SYNC) in the menu Set \ Configuration parameters A \ Synchrocheck relay - 25 \ Common configurations; if the conditions are not satisfied within this time, the sequence is suspended. Close command advance For asynchronous grids the final relay must be commanded (synchronisation ok) in advance to ensure that the breaker closes in conditions of perfect synchronisation. Depending on the breaker closing time and the frequency difference (slip frequency) and phase shift of the measured voltages V1 and V2, the device determines the next synchronisation time. The close commanded is issued in advance of the synchronisation time by the advance time calculated on the basis of the frequency difference (∆f). The electrical advance angle required to compensate for the closing delay of the breaker is defined by: A = 360 ∙ (tCB-CLOSE + tMEAS) ∙ ∆f where: A: electric angle tCB-CLOSE: breaker closing time in seconds tMEAS: protection relay measurement time (acquisition + measurement + final relay time) in seconds ∆f: difference between the measured values of the two grid frequencies (slip frequency) in Hz For example, with the following values: tCB-CLOSE: breaker closing time in seconds = 80 ms tMEAS: protection relay measurement time (acquisition + measurement + final relay time) = 40 ms f1: frequency of V1 signal = 50 Hz f4: frequency of V signal = 50.2 Hz ∆f: difference between the measured values of the two grid frequencies (slip frequency) = 0.20 Hz Note 1 This parameter can only be modified at Level 1

To ensure that the breaker closes in perfect synchronisation, the relay must send the close command when the phase difference is = 8.6 degrees and V2 is delayed relative to V1. Functional block (Block3) If the voltmetric measurement chain fails (function 74VT tripped), the synchronisation control func- tion is blocked. - 0.12 - 0.10 - 0.08 - 0.06 - 0.04 - 0.02 - 0,124 - 0,122 0,120 - 0,118 - 0,116 0,120 s Close command close angle advance 8.6 ° f1 = 50 Hz f2 = 50.2 Hz

Functional diagram of the synchronisation check function (25) for asynchronous grids ∆A- ≤ ∆ ≤ ∆A+ A = 360 ∙ (tCB-CLOSE + tMEAS) ∙ ∆f Rof>SYNC 74VT “1” with unstable frequency measurement (block) value  ≥ ≥ & TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) Sync & & Sync-CK-K Sync-CK-L value f ∆f-14 ≤ df14-SYNC df14-SYNC df41-SYNC ∆f-41 ≤ df41-SYNC (f1≥f4) (f4≥f1) Reclosing Reclosing sequence started by internal command (MMI or comms) 52a Binary input INx “1” with breaker closed Enable Binary input INx “1” with button enabled tSTAB 0 T tSTAB 0 T tSTAB 0 T timeout-SYNC timeout-SYNC 0 T RESET tSTAB 0 T tSTAB 0 T “1” with V1 in the range Vmin-SYNC to Vmax-SYNC “1” with f1 in the range (fn - frange) and (fn + frange) “1” with ∆f less than the threshold “1” with ∆ less than the threshold “1” with f2 in the range (fn - frange) and (fn + frange) “1” with V2 in the range Vmin-SYNC to Vmax-SYNC (V1≥V4) V1 V4 value ∆V ∆V ≤ dV14-SYNC dV14-SYNC dV41-SYNC (V4≥V1) ∆V ≤ dV41-SYNC tSTAB 0 T f1 = fn ± frange frange f2 = fn ± frange Vmin-SYNC Vmin-SYNC ≤ V1 < Vmax-SYNC Vmax-SYNC Vmin-SYNC Vmin-SYNC ≤ V4 < Vmax-SYNC Vmax-SYNC CH

Functional diagram of the synchronisation check function (25) for synchronous grids “1” with ∆f less than df-GRID (grids synchronous) RESET tSYNC 0 T tSYNC ∆f ≤ df-GRID df-GRID Rof>SYNC “1” with unstable frequency measurement (block) value ∆ (V1≥V2) ≥ & TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) Sync Sync-net & V1 V4 Sync-CK-K Sync-CK-L value ∆f value ∆V ∆V ≤ dV12-SYNC dV12-SYNC dp12-SYNC dp21-SYNC dV21-SYNC (V2≥V1) ∆V ≤ dV21-SYNC tSTAB 0 T tSTAB 0 T tSTAB 0 T ∆ ≤ dp12-SYNC ∆ ≤ dp21-SYNC tSTAB 0 T tSTAB 0 T f1 = fn ± frange frange f2 = fn ± frange tSTAB 0 T tSTAB 0 T “1” with V1 in the range Vmin-SYNC to Vmax-SYNC “1” with f1 in the range (fn - frange) and (fn + frange) “1” with ∆V less than the threshold “1” with ∆ less than the threshold “1” with f2 in the range (fn - frange) and (fn + frange) “1” with V4 in the range Vmin-SYNC to Vmax-SYNC Vmin-SYNC Vmin-SYNC ≤ V1 < Vmax-SYNC Vmax-SYNC Vmin-SYNC Vmin-SYNC ≤ V4 < Vmax-SYNC Vmax-SYNC 74VT ≥ Reclosing Reclosing sequence started by internal command (MMI or comms) 52a Binary input INx “1” with breaker closed Enable Binary input INx “1” with button enabled timeout-SYNC timeout-SYNC 0 T RESET CH

— Auto-reclose (79) Preface The reclosing function can be enabled with: • The front panel switch, • The ThySetter configuration software • The IEC61850 comms protocol A variety of reclosing sequences can be set, corresponding to: • Rapid reclosing, • Rapid reclosing followed by slow reclosing, • Rapid reclosing following slow reclosing and one or more memorized reclosings (0...5). The reclosing sequence is initiated following trip of the following protection functions to open the breaker: • 79-I> Reclosing due to trip of threshold I> (50/51) • 79-I>> Reclosing due to trip of threshold I>> (50/51) • 79-I>>> Reclosing due to trip of threshold I>>> (50/51) • 79I->>>> Reclosing due to trip of threshold I>>>> (50/51) • 79-IPD> Reclosing due to trip of threshold IPD> (67) • 79-IPD>> Reclosing due to trip of threshold IPD>> (67) • 79-IPD>>> Reclosing due to trip of threshold IPD>>> (67) • 79-IPD>>>> Reclosing due to trip of threshold IPD>>>> (67) • 79-IE> Reclosing due to trip of threshold IE> (50N/51N) • 79-IE>> Reclosing due to trip of threshold IE>> (50N/51N) • 79-IE>>> Reclosing due to trip of threshold IE>>> (50N/51N) • 79-INe> Reclosing due to trip of threshold INe> (51N(E)) • 79-INe>> Reclosing due to trip of threshold INe>> (51N(E)) • 79-IED> Reclosing due to trip of threshold IED> (67N) • 79-IED>>a Reclosing due to trip of threshold IED>>a (67N) • 79-IED>>b Reclosing due to trip of threshold IED>>b (67N) • 79-IED>>> Reclosing due to trip of threshold IED>>> (67N) • 79-IED>>>> Reclosing due to trip of threshold IED>>>> (67N) • 79-IED>>>>> Reclosing due to trip of threshold IED>>>>> (67N) Symbols The following parameters can be adjusted (in the menu Set \ Auto-reclose - 79): • N.DAR Number of memorized reclosings • trdt Rapid reclosing wait time • tsdt Slow reclosing wait time • trf Neutralisation time[1] following trip due to phase fault • trt Neutralisation time following trip due to ground fault • tdr Discrimination time[2] following rapid reclosing • tdl Discrimination time following slow reclosing • tdm Discrimination time following memorized reclosing • td Discrimination time following intentional reclosing Rapid reclosing Rapid reclosing program (79 Mode = Rapid). Figure 1 below shows a successful rapid reclosing; no fault resulting in breaker opening during the neutralisation time (trf or trt). The automation returns to standby once the neutralisation timer has counted down, and a succes- sive trip will activate rapid reclosing again. Note 1 The neutralisation timer, which starts when the breaker closes, is a time during which no faults resulting in breaker opening may occur for the reclosing to be considered to have terminated successfully Note 2 The discrimination timer, which starts when the breaker closes, is a time during which no faults resulting in breaker opening may occur for subsequent reclosing attempts to be permitted CB CLOSED CB OPEN CB CLOSED trdt CB State Neutralisation timer t tr (trf or trt) Rapid reclosing 79 in standby Figure 1 - Successful rapid reclosing

Rapid reclosing program (79 Mode = Rapid). Figure 2 below shows a rapid reclosing followed by a fault resulting in breaker opening during the neutralisation time (trf or trt). Any trip during the neutralisation time (trf or trt) opens the breaker, blocking of the reclosings and a reclosing failure report. The automation returns to standby once the neutralisation timer has counted down (the greater of trf and trt) which follows a condition of the breaker closed manually without faults. Rapid reclosing and slow re- closing Rapid+slow reclosing program (79 Mode = Rapid+slow). Figure 3 below shows a rapid reclosing followed by a fault resulting in breaker opening during the neutralisation time (trf or trt). A slow reclosing is actuated after a programmable time tsdt; if no faults occur during the neutralisation time, the slow reclosing is successful and the automation returns to standby. Figure 4 below shows a rapid reclosing followed by a fault which opens the breaker within the neu- tralisation time (trf or trt) followed by a slow reclosing run on the fault within the discrimination time tdl; the reclosing is considered unsuccessful and the respective report is issued. (if no memorized reclosings have been programmed the reclosing is considered unsuccessful even if the fault occurs within the neutralisation time) CB CLOSED CB OPEN CB OPEN CB CLOSED trdt CB State t MANUAL CLOSING Neutralisation timer Failed reclosing tr (trf or trt) tr (max of trf, trt) Rapid reclosing 79 in standby CB CLOSED Figure 2 - Failed rapid reclosing CB CLOSED CB CLOSED CB OPEN CB OPEN CB CLOSED trdt CB State t tsdt Neutralisation timer tdl tdr Discrimination timer tr (trf or trt) tr (trf or trt) Rapid reclosing Slow reclosing 79 in standby Figure 3 - Rapid reclosing followed by fault and subsequent successful slow reclosing CB CLOSED CB CLOSED CB OPEN CB OPEN CB OPEN CB CLOSED trdt CB State t tsdt Neutralisation timer Discrimination timer Failed reclosing tr (trf or trt) tr (trf or trt) tdl Rapid reclosing Slow reclosing Figure 4 - Rapid reclosing followed by fault and subsequent slow reclosing on fault

Rapd reclosing + slow reclosing and subsequent memorized reclosings Rapid+slow+memorized reclosing program (79 Mode = Rapid+slow, N.DAR = 1..5). Figure 5 below shows a rapid reclosing followed by a fault which opens the breaker within the neu- tralisation time, followed by a slow reclosing and a fault detected beyond tdl but within the neutrali- sation time tr; when tr times out, the memorized reclosing is run. If td=0; if the fault occurs immediately, the sequence proceeds with a non-definitive trip and wait for the first memorized reclosing. If the fault occurs within tr, the sequence opens the breaker and the following memorized reclosing is run when tr expires. Every subsequent memorized reclosing starts timers tr and tdm. If a fault occurs within tr, but after tdm, the sequence opens the breaker and the next memorized reclosing occurs when tr expires; if, on the other hand, the fault is detected within tdm, a definitive trip occurs and an unsuccessful reclosing is reported. CB CLOSED CB OPEN CB OPEN CB OPEN CB CLOSED CB CLOSED CB CLOSED trdt CB State Rapid reclosing t tsdt Neutralisation timer Discrimination timer tdl tdm Failed reclosing tr (trf or trt) tr (trf or trt) tr (trf or trt) Slow reclosing Memorized reclosing Figure 5 - Rapid reclosing followed by fault and subsequent slow and memorized reclosings

— Breaker failure - BF Preface Should a fault cause a protection to open the breaker but, due to a fault, the breaker cannot open, the BF protection opens another or other breaker/s to shut off the fault current. The BF protection can be started when the relay's internal protection trips, so long as the latter is mapped to the BF protection, or when an external protection connected to one of the relay's logical inputs trips. Operating logic The BF timer starts when both the following conditions are satisfied: 1) The relay's internal protection functions have started and tripped (BF protection thresholds tripped) or, if enabled, an external protection mapped to one of the relay's logical inputs has tripped. 2) The state of the breaker's auxiliary contacts 52a and 52b corresponds to breaker closed or the value of the fundamental component of at least one phase current IL1, IL2, IL3 is greater than an ad- justable threshold IBF> or the fundamental component of the residual current IE is greater than an adjustable threshold IEBF>. If no information about the state of the breaker is available (e.g.: aux- iliary contacts not accessible or no free logical inputs on the relay), this control must be disabled. If the two above conditions persist for the duration of the set operating time tBF>, when the time expires the BF protection trips, otherwise the timer and protection are both reset. To reset the BF protection as quickly as possible, following the start of the protection itself (condition 1), the relay's internal protections must not only trip but also start (resetting the start of the protection functions is faster than resetting their trip). The protection can be enabled or disabled by setting to ON or OFF the parameter BF Enable in the menu Set \ Protections \ Breaker failure - BF. Starting BF with a switch: set to ON the parameter CB Input, if two logical inputs are configured to acquire the state of the breaker's auxiliary contacts 52a and 52b, breaker state control is enabled. Breaker state control is enabled in the menu Set \ Protections \ Breaker failure - BF, while the acquisition of the breaker position is mapped to the logical inputs (52a and 52b) in the menu Set \ Input board inputs \ Input IN1-1...IN1-6. If no information about the state of the breaker is available, the control must be disabled by setting to OFF the parameter CB Input. All parameters IBF>, IEBF and tBF can be programmed separately; they are available in the menu Set \ Protections \ Breaker failure - BF. all-FBF.ai General block diagram of the breaker failure function (BF) Block1 BLK1 BF IL1...IL3 IE 52a/52b Trip ProtExt Start BF Trip BF Block1 & BF-BLK1 BF Enable IBF> IEBF> tBF TRIPPING MATRIX (LED+RELAYS) Start BF Start IBF> Trip BF & Start BF ON≡CB Closed Trip BF 52a 52a IBF> Max IL1...IL3 ≥ IBF> IL1 IL2 IL3 IEBF> IE ≥ IEBF> IE ≥1 RESET tBF 0 T t BF Binary input INx T 0 Logic INx t ON INx t ON INx t OFF T 0 n.o. n.c. INx t OFF 52b Binary input INx T 0 Logic INx t ON INx t ON INx t OFF T 0 n.o. n.c. INx t OFF 52b Start IEBF> “0” CB Input CB Input OFF CB Input ON Functional diagram of the breaker failure function - BF

5 AUTOMATION FUNCTIONS — Logical selectivity block - FSL Preface Logical selectivity reduces the time to eliminate faults which, in scalar time system would require programming significantly long operating times for the power sources. The implementation of the IEC 61850 protocol provides that panels DV7500, DV7203 and RGDM use their real time communications capacity to send and receive BLIND signals. These signals temporarily inhibit the open orders issued by the directional protection functions (67, 67N and 32P) and thus enable exclusive selection of the branch of the line affected by the fault. When a directional protection function threshold is started, the DMC panel: • Issues a BLIND GOOSE (IEC61850) over its LAN • Starts the operating timer (Tatt) • Starts the back-up timer (Tr) (with Tr>Tatt) The following situations may occur: A) If the function resets within the operating time Tatt, so that the start signal returns to standby, all timers are reset, B) If the function does not reset within the operating time Tatt and not even one BLIND signal is received from a device in the list of subscribers, when Tatt expires the DMC panel opens the breaker and remotely reports the tripped status to the RTU/display, C) If, whether a BLIND signal is received or not, the function does not drop-out within the drop-out time Tr, the DMC panel opens the breaker and remotely reports the tripped status to the RTU/ display. FSL.ai tr xxx def T T 0 txxx> xx def 0 ≥1 ≥1 & Trip BLIND T tFSL-Add 0 txxx>xxdef + tFSL-Add Start P1> Start P2> Start IPD> Start IPD>> Start IPD>>> Start IPD>>>> Start IED> Start IED>>a Start IED>>b Start IED>>> Start IEDSb Functional diagram of the FSL function Back-up time Operating time BLIND held BLIND received within the operating time: the operating timer is forced to zero when the BLIND is received and the open command (Trip) is issued when (t trip +t FSL-Add) times out BLIND received within the operating time: the operating timer is forced to zero when the BLIND is received and the open command (Trip) is issued when the back-up time times out, which is less than (t trip +t FSL-Add) BLIND received after the operating time: the operating timer is not forced to zero when the BLIND is received and the open command (Trip) is issued when (t trip) times out t meas. t FSL-Add t trip t trip t back-up FAULT START BLIND TRIP t meas. t FSL-Add t trip t trip t back-up FAULT START BLIND TRIP t meas. t trip t back-up FAULT START BLIND TRIP

6 CYBER SECURITY Preface The cyber security functions implemented by the DMC3S relays mitigate cyber threats, by providing: • Protected communications between the DMC3S protection relays and the mapped tool via SSH (Secure SHell) • Password based user authentication • Management of authorisations for Role Based Access Control (RBAC) • Protected log filing (Syslog service) The following operative areas can be identified: • Configuration Management • HW Systems and Networking Equipment • Initial System Configuration • Threat and Vulnerability Management • Access Control • Authentication and Authorization Management • Auditing • Network Communication Security The described procedures have been selected in consideration of the following standards and guidelines: • ISO/IEC 27001:2013 • NERC CIP – North American Electric Reliability Corporation Critical Infrastructure Protection • IEC 62351 IEC 62351 will be applied if expressly requested, to guarantee control of communications protocols and data flows. — Configuration management Configuration management is a set of procedures which control modifications to hardware, firm- ware, software and documentation to ensure that all devices are protected against unwanted mod- ification before, during and after system implementation. — Hardware systems and networking equipment The devices are industrial and satisfy industrial quality and EMC standards. Only passive systems without fans are used for heat management. The devices can be assigned IP addresses on the basis of pertinent network planning rules. On request, HW protection systems can be installed (tamper- proofing, etc.). — Initial system configuration The protection relays are equipped only with the network services required to execute their protec- tion programs, thus limiting the number of open TCP / UDP ports. All services and operating systems are updated to the latest version at the time of release. Access even for "known" users is eliminated and only one local non-administrator user is left active to install and configure the device initially. — Threat and vulnerability management The device's operating system is supported by the vendor to ensure conformity with regular security bulletins and patches. — Access control Further to the local non-administrator user, user authentication can be delegated to a centralised platform by the RADIUS client, to obtain access to the active Windows directory. — Authentication and authorization management AAM ius based on the “RBAC” (Rule Based Access Control) model, i.e. the device allows execution of functions in relation to the user's assigned role. The following roles are available: • “Administrator”: Complete control of the device • “Operator1”: Limited Level 1 read/write access • “Operator2”: Limited Level 2 read/write access — Auditing The device tracks the most important system operations/actions, like accesses and modifications to the configuration, with a “syslog” service.

— Network communication security The device does not use unencrypted protocols like telnet, ftp. All communications required to con- figure the equipment, such as calibrations, CID transmission, etc. are handled by the “SSH” protocol in encrypted mode. Protocols for data exchange with SCADA, e.g. IEC61850 / DNP3 / MODBUSTCP, are not encrypted, if implementation of IEC62351 specifications is not expressly requested. The NTP, PTP synchronisation protocols are not normally encrypted. — Cybersecurity application scheme The configuration of the DMC3S protection relay and monitoring functions pose problems relating to the security and privacy of the data traffic exchanged between the equipment and the remote control centre. The following aspects must be considered: • Traffic encryption, so that the data may not be intercepted, analysed and modified freely by third parties • Implementation of the authentication mechanism to prevent generation of false third party messages and their acceptance as valid — Access procedure The authentication mechanism consists in sending authentication requests from the incoming board to a remote RADIUS authentication server which handles user validation, and returns positive or negative feedback to the CPU depending on whether the user's credentials are valid or not, along with user level information. RADIUS authentication employs a remote server and uses a secret shared by the board and the serv- er to validate requests for access. The configurator enables definition of all the parameters required for this type of authentication.

7 APPENDIX — DMC3S - INVERSE TIME CURVES General formula The general formula, pursuant to IEC 60255-3/BS142, is:[1] Where: • t = operating time (in seconds). • t>inv = operating time regulation (in seconds). • I = measured current. • I>inv = trip threshold regulation. Constant α • α = 0.02 for the IEC type A normal inverse curve. • α = 1 for the IEC type B very inverse curve. • α = 1 for the IEC type LTI long time inverse curve. • α = 2 for the IEC type C extremely inverse curve. Coefficient K • K = 0.14 for the IEC type A normal inverse curve • K = 13.5 for the IEC type B very inverse curve. • K = 120 for the IEC type LTI long time inverse curve. • K = 80 for the IEC type C extremely inverse curve. The following applies to all inverse time characteristics: • The asymptotic reference value (minimum trip current ) is 1.1 time the set threshold. • The minimum operating time is 0.1 s. • The characteristics are defined between 1.1 and 20 times the set threshold[2][3] For all the following thresholds, with exception of the threshold relating to protections 59 and 59 N,[4] normalised IEC type A, B, B-LI and C curves can be set. Protection Functions Thresholds Operating time 46 I2> DEFINITE/INVERSE I2>> DEFINITE/INVERSE 50/51 I> DEFINITE/INVERSE I>> DEFINITE/INVERSE I>>>> DEFINITE/INVERSE 50N/51N IE> DEFINITE/INVERSE 51N(E) INe> DEFINITE/INVERSE 51N(Eme) IEeme> DEFINITE/INVERSE 51(SQL) ISQL> DEFINITE/INVERSE 59 U> DEFINITE/INVERSE 59N UE> DEFINITE/INVERSE 59N(Eme) UEeme> DEFINITE/INVERSE 67 IPD> DEFINITE/INVERSE IPD>> DEFINITE/INVERSE IPD>>>> DEFINITE/INVERSE 67N IED> DEFINITE/INVERSE IED>>a DEFINITE/INVERSE Note 1 The formula uses the symbols relating to the overcurrent function. The full description of the symbols used in the inverse time curves for protec- tions 50/51 and 50N/51N are given in 4.4 PROTECTION FUNCTIONS Note 2 When the threshold regulation exceeds 2.5 In for protection 50/51 and 0.5 IEn for protection 50N/51N, the upper limit of the measurement range is limited to 30 In and 10 IEn respectively Note 3 when the threshold regulation exceeds 20 times the threshold, the operating time is limited to the value corresponding to 20 times the threshold Note 4 The trip characteristic is given in the paragraph describing the operation of the system (Chapter 4) t = t>inv · [(I/I>inv)α-1] K

F_51-IECA-Char.ai 1.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 I /I>inv 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 t [s] 10 s 60 s t>inv 5 s 1 s 0.5 s 0.2 s 0.1 s 0.02 s t =t>inv· [(I/I>inv)0.02-1] 0.14 Note: the set operating time refers to a ratio I/I>inv = 700 — DMC3S - IEC normal inverse curves (type A)

— DMC3S - IEC long time inverse curves (type LTI) F_51N-IEC-LITB-Char.ai Note: the set operating time refers to a ratio I/I>inv = 121 1.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 t [s] I /I>inv 10 s 60 s 5 s 1 s 0.5 s 0.2 s 0.02 s 0.1 s t =tE>inv· [(IE/IE>inv) -1] 120 tE>inv