ZyXEL Communications ES-3024 Operation & User’s Manual

ii Copyright Copyright Copyright © 2003 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation. Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved. Disclaimer ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patents rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice. Trademarks Trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for identification purposes only and may be properties of their respective owners.

ZyXEL Limited Warranty iii ZyXEL Limited Warranty ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two (2) years from the date of purchase. During the warranty period and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent product of equal value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not apply if the product is modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions. Note Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind of character to the purchaser. To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return Material Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is recommended that the unit be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of purchase or those with an out-dated warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts and labor. All repaired or replaced products will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address, Postage Paid. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary from country to country.

iv Interference Statements and Warnings Interference Statements and Warnings FCC Interference Statement This switch complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This switch may not cause harmful interference. (2) This switch must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operations. FCC Warning This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital switch, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense. CE Mark Warning: This is a class A product. In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures. Taiwanese BSMI (Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection) A Warning: Certifications Go to www.zyxel.com Select your product from the drop-down list box on the ZyXEL home page to go to that product's page. Select the certification you wish to view from this page. Registration Register your product online for free future product updates and information at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for North American products.

Customer Support v Customer Support If you have questions about your ZyXEL product or desire assistance, contact ZyXEL Communications Corporation offices worldwide, in one of the following ways: Contacting Customer Support When you contact your customer support representative, have the following information ready: ♦ Product model and serial number. ♦ Firmware version information. ♦ Warranty information. ♦ Date you received your product. ♦ Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it. METHOD LOCATION E-MAIL SUPPORT/SALES TELEPHONE/FAX WEB SITE/ FTP SITE REGULAR MAIL [email protected] +886-3-578-3942 www.zyxel.com www.europe.zyxel.com ftp.zyxel.com WORLDWIDE [email protected] +886-3-578-2439 ftp.europe.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan [email protected] +1-800-255-4101 www.us.zyxel.com NORTH AMERICA [email protected] ftp.us.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications Inc., 1130 N. Miller St. Anaheim, CA 92806, U.S.A. [email protected] +45-3955-0700 www.zyxel.dk SCANDINAVIA [email protected] +45-3955-0707 ftp.zyxel.dk ZyXEL Communications A/S, Columbusvej 5, 2860 Soeborg, Denmark [email protected] +49-2405-6909-0 www.zyxel.de GERMANY [email protected] +49-2405-6909-99 ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH. Adenauerstr. 20/A2 D-52146 Wuerselen, Germany

vi Table of Contents Table of Contents Copyright ...................................................................................................................................................................ii ZyXEL Limited Warranty...........................................................................................................................................iii Interference Statements and Warnings ....................................................................................................................iv Customer Support .................................................................................................................................................... v Preface ................................................................................................................................................................. xviii Part I ............................................................................................................................................................................................... I Chapter 1 Getting to Know the ES-3024........................................................................................................1-1 1.1 Features .................................................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 Applications...........................................................................................................................................1-3 Part II ............................................................................................................................................................................................. II Chapter 2 Hardware Installation.....................................................................................................................2-1 2.1 Installation Scenarios ............................................................................................................................2-1 Chapter 3 Hardware Connections ..................................................................................................................3-1 3.1 Safety Warnings ....................................................................................................................................3-1 3.2 Front Panel ............................................................................................................................................3-1 3.3 Uplink Modules.....................................................................................................................................3-2 3.4 Rear Panel..............................................................................................................................................3-4 3.5 Front Panel LEDs ..................................................................................................................................3-4 3.6 Stacking Scenario Examples .................................................................................................................3-5 3.7 Uplink Scenario Example......................................................................................................................3-7 3.8 Configuring the ES-3024.......................................................................................................................3-8 Part III ........................................................................................................................................................................................... III Chapter 4 Introducing the Web Configurator..................................................................................................4-1 4.1 Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................4-1 4.2 System Login.........................................................................................................................................4-1 4.3 Status Screen .........................................................................................................................................4-1 4.4 Switch Lockout......................................................................................................................................4-5 4.5 Resetting the Switch..............................................................................................................................4-6 Chapter 5 System Status and Port Details .....................................................................................................5-1 5.1 About System Statistics and Information..............................................................................................5-1

Table of Contents vii 5.2 Port Status Summary.............................................................................................................................5-1 Chapter 6 Basic Setting.................................................................................................................................. 6-1 6.1 Introducing The Basic Setting Screens .................................................................................................6-1 6.2 System Information...............................................................................................................................6-1 6.3 General Setup........................................................................................................................................6-3 6.4 Introduction to VLANs .........................................................................................................................6-5 6.5 IGMP Snooping ....................................................................................................................................6-6 6.6 Switch Setup Screen..............................................................................................................................6-6 6.7 IP Setup.................................................................................................................................................6-9 6.8 Port Setup............................................................................................................................................6-10 Part IV ...........................................................................................................................................................................................IV Chapter 7 VLAN ............................................................................................................................................. 7-1 7.1 Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN .......................................................................................7-1 7.2 802.1Q VLAN.......................................................................................................................................7-3 7.3 Introduction to Port-based VLANs .....................................................................................................7-10 Chapter 8 Static MAC Forward Setup ............................................................................................................ 8-1 8.1 Introduction to Static MAC Forward Setup ..........................................................................................8-1 8.2 Configuring Static MAC Forwarding ...................................................................................................8-1 8.3 Viewing and Editing Static MAC Forwarding Rules............................................................................8-2 Chapter 9 Filtering.......................................................................................................................................... 9-1 9.1 Introduction to Filtering ........................................................................................................................9-1 9.2 Configuring a Filtering Rule .................................................................................................................9-1 9.3 Viewing and Editing Filter Rules..........................................................................................................9-3 Chapter 10 Spanning Tree Protocol ............................................................................................................... 10-1 10.1 Introduction to Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)....................................................................................10-1 10.2 STP Status...........................................................................................................................................10-2 Chapter 11 Bandwidth Control ....................................................................................................................... 11-1 11.1 Introduction to Bandwidth Control .....................................................................................................11-1 11.2 Viewing and Editing a Bandwidth Control Rule.................................................................................11-3 Part V .............................................................................................................................................................................................V Chapter 12 Broadcast Storm Control ............................................................................................................. 12-1 12.1 Introducing Broadcast Storm Control .................................................................................................12-1

viii Table of Contents 12.2 Configuring Broadcast Storm Control.................................................................................................12-1 Chapter 13 Mirroring.......................................................................................................................................13-1 13.1 Introduction to Port Mirroring.............................................................................................................13-1 13.2 Port Mirroring Configuration ..............................................................................................................13-1 Chapter 14 Link Aggregation..........................................................................................................................14-1 14.1 Introduction to Link Aggregation........................................................................................................14-1 14.2 Link Aggregation Protocol Status .......................................................................................................14-2 14.3 Link Aggregation Setup ......................................................................................................................14-4 Chapter 15 Port Authentication.......................................................................................................................15-1 15.1 Introduction to Authentication ............................................................................................................15-1 15.2 Configuring Port Authentication .........................................................................................................15-1 Chapter 16 Port Security ................................................................................................................................16-1 16.1 About Port Security.............................................................................................................................16-1 16.2 Port Security Setup..............................................................................................................................16-1 Chapter 17 Access Control.............................................................................................................................17-1 17.1 About Access Control..........................................................................................................................17-1 17.2 Access Control Overview....................................................................................................................17-1 17.3 About SNMP.......................................................................................................................................17-2 17.4 Service Access Control........................................................................................................................17-6 17.5 Remote Management...........................................................................................................................17-6 Chapter 18 Queuing Method ..........................................................................................................................18-1 18.1 Introduction to Queuing ......................................................................................................................18-1 18.2 Configuring Queuing...........................................................................................................................18-1 Part VI ...........................................................................................................................................................................................VI Chapter 19 Routing Protocol ..........................................................................................................................19-1 19.1 Static Route .........................................................................................................................................19-1 Chapter 20 Maintenance ................................................................................................................................20-1 20.1 Maintenance ........................................................................................................................................20-1 20.2 Firmware Upgrade...............................................................................................................................20-1 20.3 Restore a Configuration File ...............................................................................................................20-2 20.4 Backing Up a Configuration File ........................................................................................................20-2 20.5 Load Factory Defaults.........................................................................................................................20-3

Table of Contents ix 20.6 Reboot System ....................................................................................................................................20-3 20.7 Command Line FTP............................................................................................................................20-4 Chapter 21 Diagnostic.................................................................................................................................... 21-1 21.1 Diagnostic ...........................................................................................................................................21-1 Chapter 22 Cluster Management ................................................................................................................... 22-1 22.1 Introduction to Cluster Management...................................................................................................22-1 22.2 Cluster Management Status.................................................................................................................22-2 22.3 Configuring Cluster Management.......................................................................................................22-4 Chapter 23 Filtering Database ....................................................................................................................... 23-1 23.1 Introduction to Filtering Database.......................................................................................................23-1 23.2 Viewing Filtering Database.................................................................................................................23-2 Chapter 24 ARP Table.................................................................................................................................... 24-1 24.1 Introduction to ARP Table..................................................................................................................24-1 24.2 Viewing ARP Table ............................................................................................................................24-1 Part VII .........................................................................................................................................................................................VII Chapter 25 Introduction to CLI ....................................................................................................................... 25-1 25.1 Command Line Interface Overview....................................................................................................25-1 25.2 Command Summary............................................................................................................................25-2 Chapter 26 Command Examples ................................................................................................................... 26-1 26.1 Commonly Used Commands Overview..............................................................................................26-1 26.2 sys Commands ....................................................................................................................................26-1 26.3 sys cluster Commands.........................................................................................................................26-4 26.4 ip Commands ......................................................................................................................................26-6 26.5 Enabling rstp on the Stacking Module ................................................................................................26-7 Chapter 27 IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Commands..................................................................................... 27-1 27.1 IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Overview..............................................................................................27-1 27.2 Filtering Databases..............................................................................................................................27-1 27.3 Configuring Tagged VLAN ................................................................................................................27-1 27.4 IEEE VLAN1Q Tagged VLAN Configuration Commands................................................................27-3 27.5 vlan1q svlan active..............................................................................................................................27-8 27.6 vlan1q svlan inactive...........................................................................................................................27-8 27.7 vlan1q svlan list...................................................................................................................................27-8

x Table of Contents 27.8 vlan1q vlan list ....................................................................................................................................27-9 Part VIII .......................................................................................................................................................................................VIII A Product Specifications ...................................................................................................................................A-1 B Index..............................................................................................................................................................B-1

Lists of Figures and Charts xi List of Figures Figure 1-1 Backbone Application................................................................................................................................................1-4 Figure 1-2 Bridging Application .................................................................................................................................................1-5 Figure 1-3 High Performance Switched Workgroup Application................................................................................................1-6 Figure 1-4 VLAN Workgroup Application..................................................................................................................................1-7 Figure 1-5 Shared Server Using VLAN Example .......................................................................................................................1-8 Figure 2-1 Attaching Rubber Feet...............................................................................................................................................2-1 Figure 2-2 Attaching Mounting Brackets and Screws.................................................................................................................2-2 Figure 2-3 Mounting the ES to an EIA standard 19-inch rack ....................................................................................................2-3 Figure 3-1 ES-3024 Front Panel.................................................................................................................................................3-1 Figure 3-2 Loosening the Screws and Removing the Cover Plate ..............................................................................................3-3 Figure 3-3 Inserting An Example Module...................................................................................................................................3-3 Figure 3-4 ES-3024 AC Unit Rear Panel ....................................................................................................................................3-4 Figure 3-5 ES-3024 DC Unit Rear Panel ...................................................................................................................................3-4 Figure 3-6 Front Panel LEDs ......................................................................................................................................................3-5 Figure 3-7 Stacking Example 1 ...................................................................................................................................................3-6 Figure 3-8 Stacking Example 2 ...................................................................................................................................................3-6 Figure 3-9 Stacking Example 3 ...................................................................................................................................................3-7 Figure 3-10 Uplink Example.......................................................................................................................................................3-8 Figure 4-1 Web Configurator: login ............................................................................................................................................4-1 Figure 4-2 Web Configurator Home Screen (Status)...................................................................................................................4-2 Figure 4-3 Web Configurator: Change Password at Login..........................................................................................................4-5 Figure 4-4 Resetting the Switch: Via Console Port.....................................................................................................................4-6 Figure 4-5 Web Configurator: Logout Screen.............................................................................................................................4-7 Figure 5-1 Port Status Summary .................................................................................................................................................5-1 Figure 5-2 Status: Port Details ....................................................................................................................................................5-3 Figure 6-1 System Info................................................................................................................................................................6-2 Figure 6-2 General Setup ............................................................................................................................................................6-4 Figure 6-3 Switch Setup..............................................................................................................................................................6-7 Figure 6-4 Port Setup ................................................................................................................................................................6-11 Figure 7-1 Port VLAN Trunking.................................................................................................................................................7-3

xii Lists of Figures and Charts Figure 7-2 Selecting a VLAN Type ............................................................................................................................................7-3 Figure 7-3 802.1Q VLAN Status ................................................................................................................................................7-4 Figure 7-4 802.1Q VLAN Port Settings......................................................................................................................................7-5 Figure 7-5 802.1Q Static VLAN.................................................................................................................................................7-7 Figure 7-6 Static VLAN: Summary Table...................................................................................................................................7-8 Figure 7-7 VID1 Example Screen...............................................................................................................................................7-9 Figure 7-8 Port Based VLAN Setup (All Connected)............................................................................................................... 7-11 Figure 7-9 Port Based VLAN Setup (Port isolation).................................................................................................................7-12 Figure 8-1 Static MAC Forwarding ............................................................................................................................................8-1 Figure 8-2 Static MAC Forwarding: Summary Table.................................................................................................................8-2 Figure 9-1 Filtering.....................................................................................................................................................................9-2 Figure 9-2 Filtering: Summary Table..........................................................................................................................................9-3 Figure 10-1 Spanning Tree Protocol: Status..............................................................................................................................10-3 Figure 10-2 Spanning Tree Protocol: Configuring....................................................................................................................10-5 Figure 11-1 Bandwidth Control ................................................................................................................................................ 11-2 Figure 11-2 Bandwidth Control: Summary Table ..................................................................................................................... 11-3 Figure 12-1 Broadcast Storm Control.......................................................................................................................................12-2 Figure 13-1 Mirroring: Mirror Port Setting...............................................................................................................................13-1 Figure 13-2 Mirroring: Configuring a Mirroring Rule..............................................................................................................13-2 Figure 13-3 Mirroring: Summary Table....................................................................................................................................13-4 Figure 14-1 Aggregation ID......................................................................................................................................................14-2 Figure 14-2 Link Aggregation: Link Aggregation Protocol Status ...........................................................................................14-3 Figure 14-3 Link Aggregation: Configuration ..........................................................................................................................14-4 Figure 15-1 RADIUS Server.....................................................................................................................................................15-1 Figure 15-2 Port Authentication................................................................................................................................................15-2 Figure 15-3 Port Authentication: RADIUS...............................................................................................................................15-2 Figure 15-4 Port Authentication: 802.1x...................................................................................................................................15-3 Figure 16-1 Port Security..........................................................................................................................................................16-2 Figure 17-1 Access Control.......................................................................................................................................................17-1 Figure 17-2 Console Port Priority.............................................................................................................................................17-1 Figure 17-3 SNMP Management Model...................................................................................................................................17-2 Figure 17-4 Access Control: SNMP..........................................................................................................................................17-4

Lists of Figures and Charts xiii Figure 17-5 Access Control: Logins..........................................................................................................................................17-5 Figure 17-6 Access Control: Service Access Control................................................................................................................17-6 Figure 17-7 Access Control: Remote Management...................................................................................................................17-7 Figure 18-1 Queuing Method....................................................................................................................................................18-2 Figure 19-1 Static Routing........................................................................................................................................................19-1 Figure 19-2 Static Routing: Summary Table.............................................................................................................................19-2 Figure 20-1 Maintenance...........................................................................................................................................................20-1 Figure 20-2 Firmware Upgrade.................................................................................................................................................20-1 Figure 20-3 Restore Configuration............................................................................................................................................20-2 Figure 20-4 Backup Configuration............................................................................................................................................20-2 Figure 20-5 Confirm Load factory Defaults..............................................................................................................................20-3 Figure 20-6 Restart Switch After Load Factory Defaults..........................................................................................................20-3 Figure 20-7 Confirm Restart The Switch ..................................................................................................................................20-3 Figure 21-1 Diagnostic..............................................................................................................................................................21-1 Figure 22-1 Clustering Application Example............................................................................................................................22-1 Figure 22-2 Cluster Management Status ...................................................................................................................................22-2 Figure 22-3 Cluster Member Web Configuration Screen..........................................................................................................22-3 Figure 22-4 Example: Uploading Firmware to a Cluster Member Switch................................................................................22-4 Figure 22-5 Configuring Cluster Management .........................................................................................................................22-5 Figure 23-1 Filtering Database Flowchart.................................................................................................................................23-1 Figure 23-2 Filtering Database..................................................................................................................................................23-2 Figure 24-1 ARP Table..............................................................................................................................................................24-2 Figure 25-1 CLI Help: Sample Output......................................................................................................................................25-2 Figure 26-1 sys log disp Command Example............................................................................................................................26-1 Figure 26-2 sys version Command Example.............................................................................................................................26-2 Figure 26-3 sys monitor status Command Example..................................................................................................................26-2 Figure 26-4 sys sw vlan1q vlan list Command Example ..........................................................................................................26-3 Figure 26-5 sys ixe2424 pktcnt Command Example.................................................................................................................26-3 Figure 26-6 sys ixe2424 dbm ip list Command Example..........................................................................................................26-4 Figure 26-7 sys ixe2424 dbm mac list Command Example......................................................................................................26-4 Figure 26-8 sys cluster status Command Example....................................................................................................................26-5 Figure 26-9 sys cluster showMember Command Example.......................................................................................................26-5

xiv Lists of Figures and Charts Figure 26-10 sys cluster status Command Example .................................................................................................................26-6 Figure 26-11 IP PING Command Example...............................................................................................................................26-6 Figure 26-12 ip route status Command Example......................................................................................................................26-6 Figure 26-13 ip arp status Command Example.........................................................................................................................26-7 Figure 26-14 ip dhcp Command Examples...............................................................................................................................26-7 Figure 27-1 Tagged VLAN Configuration and Activation Example.........................................................................................27-2 Figure 27-2 CPU VLAN Configuration and Activation Example ............................................................................................27-2 Figure 27-3 Deleting Default VLAN Example .........................................................................................................................27-3 Figure 27-4 GARP STATUS Command Example ....................................................................................................................27-3 Figure 27-5 garp timer Command Example..............................................................................................................................27-4 Figure 27-6 garp status Command Example.............................................................................................................................27-4 Figure 27-7 vlan1q port status Command Example..................................................................................................................27-5 Figure 27-8 vlan1q port default vid Command Example..........................................................................................................27-5 Figure 27-9 vlan1q port accept Command Example.................................................................................................................27-6 Figure 27-10 vlan1q port gvrp Command Example..................................................................................................................27-6 Figure 27-11 vlan1q svlan cpu Command Example .................................................................................................................27-6 Figure 27-12 Modifying the Static VLAN Example.................................................................................................................27-7 Figure 27-13 vlan1q svlan delentry Command Example..........................................................................................................27-8 Figure 27-14 vlan1q svlan list Command Example ..................................................................................................................27-9 Figure 27-15 vlan1q svlan list Command Example ..................................................................................................................27-9 Figure 27-16 vlan1q vlan status Command Example .............................................................................................................27-10 List of Charts Chart 1 General Product Specifications ..................................................................................................................................... A-1 Chart 2 Performance and Management Specifications .............................................................................................................. A-1 Chart 3 Physical and Environmental Specifications .................................................................................................................. A-3

List of Tables xv List of Tables Table 3-1 ES-3024: Front Panel Ports.........................................................................................................................................3-1 Table 3-2 ES-3024 Switches: LED Descriptions.........................................................................................................................3-5 Table 4-1 Navigation Panel Sub-links Overview ........................................................................................................................4-2 Table 4-2 Web Configurator Screen Sub-links Details................................................................................................................4-3 Table 4-3 Navigation Panel Sub-link Descriptions .....................................................................................................................4-3 Table 5-1 Status...........................................................................................................................................................................5-2 Table 5-2 Status: Port Details......................................................................................................................................................5-4 Table 6-1 System Info .................................................................................................................................................................6-2 Table 6-2 General Setup..............................................................................................................................................................6-4 Table 6-3 Switch Setup................................................................................................................................................................6-7 Table 6-4 IP Setup .......................................................................................................................................................................6-9 Table 6-5 Port Setup..................................................................................................................................................................6-12 Table 7-1 GARP Terminology.....................................................................................................................................................7-2 Table 7-2 802.1Q VLAN Status ..................................................................................................................................................7-4 Table 7-3 802.1Q VLAN Port Settings........................................................................................................................................7-6 Table 7-4 802.1Q Static VLAN...................................................................................................................................................7-8 Table 7-5 Static VLAN: Summary Table.....................................................................................................................................7-8 Table 7-6 Port Based VLAN Setup ...........................................................................................................................................7-13 Table 8-1 Static MAC Forwarding ..............................................................................................................................................8-1 Table 8-2 Static MAC Forwarding: Summary Table...................................................................................................................8-2 Table 9-1 Filtering.......................................................................................................................................................................9-2 Table 9-2 Filtering: Summary Table............................................................................................................................................9-4 Table 10-1 STP Path Costs........................................................................................................................................................10-1 Table 10-2 STP Port States........................................................................................................................................................10-2 Table 10-3 Spanning Tree Protocol: Status ...............................................................................................................................10-3 Table 10-4 Spanning Tree Protocol: Configuring......................................................................................................................10-6 Table 11-1 Bandwidth Control ..................................................................................................................................................11-2 Table 11-2 Bandwidth Control: Summary Table.......................................................................................................................11-4 Table 12-1 Broadcast Storm Control.........................................................................................................................................12-3 Table 13-1 Mirroring: Mirror Port Setting ................................................................................................................................13-2

xvi Lists of Tables Table 13-2 Mirroring: Configuring a Mirroring Rule ...............................................................................................................13-3 Table 13-3 Mirroring: Summary Table .....................................................................................................................................13-4 Table 14-1 Link Aggregation Groups........................................................................................................................................14-1 Table 14-2 Link Aggregation: Link Aggregation Protocol Status.............................................................................................14-3 Table 14-3 Link Aggregation: Configuration............................................................................................................................14-4 Table 15-1 Port Authentication: RADIUS.................................................................................................................................15-2 Table 15-2 Port Authentication: 802.1x ....................................................................................................................................15-4 Table 16-1 Port Security............................................................................................................................................................16-3 Table 17-1 Access Control Summary........................................................................................................................................17-2 Table 17-2 SNMP Commands...................................................................................................................................................17-3 Table 17-3 SNMP Traps............................................................................................................................................................17-3 Table 17-4 Access Control: SNMP ...........................................................................................................................................17-4 Table 17-5 Access Control: Logins...........................................................................................................................................17-5 Table 17-6 Access Control: Service Access Control.................................................................................................................17-6 Table 17-7 Access Control: Remote Management....................................................................................................................17-7 Table 18-1 Physical Queue Priority ..........................................................................................................................................18-1 Table 18-2 Queuing Method .....................................................................................................................................................18-3 Table 19-1 Static Routing..........................................................................................................................................................19-1 Table 19-2 Static Routing: Summary Table ..............................................................................................................................19-2 Table 20-1 Filename Conventions.............................................................................................................................................20-4 Table 20-2 General Commands for GUI-based FTP Clients.....................................................................................................20-5 Table 21-1 Diagnostic ...............................................................................................................................................................21-1 Table 22-1 ZyXEL Clustering Management Specifications......................................................................................................22-1 Table 22-2 Cluster Management Status.....................................................................................................................................22-2 Table 22-3 FTP Upload to Cluster member Example ...............................................................................................................22-4 Table 22-4 Configuring Cluster Management...........................................................................................................................22-5 Table 23-1 Filtering Database ...................................................................................................................................................23-2 Table 24-1 ARP Table ...............................................................................................................................................................24-2 Table 25-1 Command Summary: sys ........................................................................................................................................25-2 Table 25-2 Command Summary: sys sw...................................................................................................................................25-7 Table 25-3 Command Summary: exit .....................................................................................................................................25-14 Table 25-4 Command Summary: ip ........................................................................................................................................25-15

List of Tables xvii Table 25-5 Command Summary: config .................................................................................................................................25-16

xviii Preface Preface Congratulations on your purchase from the Dimension series of Ethernet switches. This preface introduces you to the ES-3024 and discusses the conventions of this User’s Guide. It also provides information on other related documentation. About the ES-3024 There are two ES-3024 models. The ES-3024 DC model requires DC power supply input of -48 VDC to -60 VDC, 1.84A Max. The ES-3024 AC model requires 100~240VAC/1.5A power. All figures in this guide display the ES-3024 AC model unless specifically noted otherwise. The ES-3024 Ethernet switch is a managed switch with features ideally suited in any environment with unshielded twisted pair (UTP) wiring. It can deliver broadband IP services to: ¾ Multi-tenant unit (MTU) buildings (hotels, motels, resorts, residential multi-dwelling units, office buildings, educational establishments, etc.) ¾ Public facilities (convention centers, airports, plazas, train stations, etc.) ¾ Enterprises. It can also be deployed as a mini-POP (point-of-presence) in a building basement delivering 10/100Mbps data service over Category 5 wiring to each customer. General Syntax Conventions ¾ This guide shows you how to configure the switch using the web configurator and CLI commands. See the online HTML help for information on individual web configurator screens. ¾ Mouse action sequences are denoted using a comma. For example, click Start, Settings, Control Panel, Network means first you click Start, click or move the mouse pointer over Settings, then click or move the mouse pointer over Control Panel and finally click (or double-click) Network. ¾ “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters. “Select” or “Choose” means for you to use one of the predefined choices. ¾ Predefined choices are in Bold Arial font. ¾ Button and field labels, links and screen names in are in Bold Times New Roman font. ¾ For brevity’s sake, we will use “e.g.” as shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.” as shorthand for “that is” or “in other words” throughout this manual. Related Documentation Web Configurator Online HTML help The online HTML help shows you how to use the web configurator to configure individual screens. More background information can be found in this UG. ZyXEL Web Site

Preface xix The ZyXEL download library at www.zyxel.com contains additional support documentation as well as an online glossary of networking terms. User Guide Feedback Help us help you. E-mail all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for improvement to [email protected] or send regular mail to The Technical Writing Team, ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan. Thank you.

I Part I Features And Applications This part acquaints you with the features and applications of the ES-3024.

Getting to Know the ES-3024 1-1 Chapter 1 Getting to Know the ES-3024 This chapter describes the key features, benefits and applications of the ES-3024. The ES-3024 is a stand-alone Ethernet switch with 24 10/100Mbps ports, two slots for electrical or optical uplink modules and one slot for a stacking module. With its built-in web configurator, managing and configuring the switch is easy. From cabinet management to port- level control and monitoring, you can visually configure and manage your network via the web browser. Just click your mouse instead of typing cryptic command strings. In addition, the switch can also be managed via Telnet, the console port, or third-party SNMP management. 1.1 Features The next two sections describe the hardware and firmware features of the ES-3024. 1.1.1 Hardware Features Power The ES-3024 DC model requires DC power supply input of -48 VDC to -60 VDC, 1.84A Max. The ES-3024 AC model requires 100~240VAC/1.5A power. 24 10/100 Mbps Fast Ethernet Ports Connect up to 24 computers or switches to the 10/100Mbps auto-negotiating, automatic cable sensing (auto-MDIX) Ethernet RJ-45 ports. All Ethernet ports support: ¾ IEEE 802.3/3u/3z/3ab standards ¾ Back pressure flow control in half duplex mode ¾ IEEE 802.3x flow control in full duplex mode Two Slots for Uplink Modules The modules allow the ES-3024 to connect to another WAN switch or daisy-chain to other switches. One Slot for Stacking Module Up to eight switches may be stacked using stacking modules. Console Port Use the console port for local management of the switch. Fans The fans cool the ES-3024 sufficiently to allow reliable operation of the switch in even poorly ventilated rooms or basements.

1-2 Getting to Know the ES-3024 1.1.2 Firmware Features IP Protocols ¾ IP Host (No routing) ¾ Telnet for configuration and monitoring ¾ SNMP for management ¾ SNMP MIB II (RFC 1213) ¾ SNMP v1 RFC 1157 ¾ SNMPv2, SNMPv2c or later version, compliant with RFC 2011 SNMPv2 MIB for IP, RFC 2012 SNMPv2 MIB for TCP, RFC 2013 SNMPv2 MIB for UDP ¾ Ethernet MIBs RFC 1643 ¾ Bridge MIBs RFC 1493 ¾ SMI RFC 1155 ¾ RMON RFC 1757 o SNMPv2, SNMPv2c RFC 2674 Management ¾ Web configurator ¾ Command-line interface locally via console port or remotely via Telnet ¾ SNMP System Monitoring • System status (link status, rates, statistics counters) • SNMP • Temperatures, voltage, fan speed reports and alarms • Port Mirroring allows you to analyze one port’s traffic from another. Security ¾ System management password protection ¾ Port-based VLAN ¾ IEEE 802.1Q VLAN ¾ 802.1x Authentication ¾ Limit dynamic port MAC address learning ¾ Static MAC address filtering Port Link Aggregation The ES-3024 adheres to the 802.3ad standard for static and dynamic port link aggregation.

Getting to Know the ES-3024 1-3 Bandwidth Control ¾ The ES-3024 supports rate limiting in 1Kbps increments allowing you to create different service plans ¾ The ES-3024 supports IGMP snooping enabling group multicast traffic to be only forwarded to ports that are members of that group; thus allowing you to significantly reduce multicast traffic passing through your switch. ¾ Broadcast storm control Quality of Service ¾ Four priority queues so you can ensure mission-critical data gets delivered on time. ¾ Follows the IEEE 802.1p priority setting standard based on source/destination MAC addresses. STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) / RSTP (Rapid STP) (R)STP detects and breaks network loops and provides backup links between switches, bridges or routers. It allows a switch to interact with other (R)STP -compliant switches in your network to ensure that only one path exists between any two stations on the network. Cluster Management Cluster Management allows you to manage switches through one switch, called the cluster manager. The switches must be directly connected and be in the same VLAN group so as to be able to communicate with one another. 1.2 Applications This section shows a few examples of using the ES-3024 in various network environments. 1.2.1 Backbone Application In this application, the switch is an ideal solution for small networks where rapid growth can be expected in the near future. The switch can be used standalone for a group of heavy traffic users. You can connect computers directly to the switch’s port or connect other switches to the ES-3024. In this example, all computers connected directly or indirectly to the ES-3024 can share super high-speed applications on the Gigabit server. To expand the network, simply add more networking devices such as switches, routers, firewalls, print servers etc.

1-4 Getting to Know the ES-3024 Figure 1-1 Backbone Application 1.2.2 Bridging Example In this example application the switch is the ideal solution for different company departments to connect to the corporate backbone. It can alleviate bandwidth contention and eliminate server and network bottlenecks. All users that need high bandwidth can connect to high-speed department servers via the switch. You can provide a super- fast uplink connection by selecting from an array of uplink modules compatible with the ES-3024. Moreover, the switch eases supervision and maintenance by allowing network managers to centralize multiple servers at a single location.

Getting to Know the ES-3024 1-5 Figure 1-2 Bridging Application Full-duplex mode operation only applies to point-to-point access (for example, when attaching the switch to a workstation, server, or another switch). When connecting to hubs, use a standard cascaded connection set at half-duplex operation. 1.2.3 High Performance Switched Workgroup Example The switch is ideal for connecting two power workgroups that need high bandwidth. In the following example, use trunking to connect these two power workgroups. Switching to higher-speed LANs such as FDDI or ATM is not feasible for most people due to the expense of replacing all existing Ethernet cables and adapter cards, restructuring your network and complex maintenance. The ES-3024 can provide the same bandwidth as FDDI and ATM at much lower cost while still being able to use existing adapters and switches. Moreover, the current LAN structure can be retained as all ports can freely communicate with each other.

1-6 Getting to Know the ES-3024 Figure 1-3 High Performance Switched Workgroup Application 1.2.4 IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Application Examples This section shows a workgroup and a shared server example using 802.1Q tagged VLANs. For more information on VLANs, see the Switch Setup and VLAN Setup chapters in this User’s Guide. A VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) allows a physical network to be partitioned into multiple logical networks. Stations on a logical network belong to one group. A station can belong to more than one group. With VLAN, a station cannot directly talk to or hear from stations that are not in the same group(s) unless such traffic first goes through a router. Tag-based VLAN Workgroup Example Ports in the same VLAN group share the same broadcast domain thus increase network performance through reduced broadcast traffic. VLAN groups can be modified at any time by adding, moving or changing ports without any re-cabling.

Getting to Know the ES-3024 1-7 Figure 1-4 VLAN Workgroup Application VLAN Shared Server Example Shared resources such as a server can be used by all ports in the same VLAN as the server, as shown in the following example. In this example, only ports that need access to the server need belong to VLAN 3 while they can belong to other VLAN groups too.

1-8 Getting to Know the ES-3024 Figure 1-5 Shared Server Using VLAN Example

II Part II Hardware Installation & Connections This part acquaints you with installation scenarios of the ES-3024, instructs you on how to make the hardware connections including installing/removing modules, shows some stacking/uplink examples and explains the front panel LEDs.

Hardware Installation 2-1 Chapter 2 Hardware Installation This chapter shows two switch installation scenarios. 2.1 Installation Scenarios The switch can be placed on a desktop or rack-mounted on a standard EIA rack. Use the rubber feet in a desktop installation and the brackets in a rack-mounted installation. For proper ventilation, allow at least 4 inches (10 cm) of clearance at the front and 3.4 inches (8 cm) at the back of the switch. This is especially important for enclosed rack installations. 2.1.1 Desktop Installation Procedure Step 1. Make sure the switch is clean and dry. Step 2. Set the switch on a smooth, level surface strong enough to support the weight of the switch and the connected cables. Make sure there is a power outlet nearby. Step 3. Make sure there is enough clearance around the switch to allow air circulation and the attachment of cables and the power cord. Step 4. Remove the adhesive backing from the rubber feet. Step 5. Attach the rubber feet to each corner on the bottom of the switch. These rubber feet help protect the switch from shock or vibration and ensure space between switches when stacking. Figure 2-1 Attaching Rubber Feet Do not block the ventilation holes. Leave space between switches when stacking.

2-2 Hardware Installation 2.1.2 Rack-Mounted Installation The switch can be mounted on an EIA standard size, 19-inch rack or in a wiring closet with other equipment. Follow the steps below to mount your switch on a standard EIA rack using a rack-mounting kit. Step 1. Align one bracket with the holes on one side of the switch and secure it with the bracket screws smaller than the rack-mounting screws. Step 2. Attach the other bracket in a similar fashion. Figure 2-2 Attaching Mounting Brackets and Screws Step 3. After attaching both mounting brackets, position the switch in the rack by lining up the holes in the brackets with the appropriate holes on the rack. Secure the switch to the rack with the rack-mounting screws.

Hardware Installation 2-3 Figure 2-3 Mounting the ES to an EIA standard 19-inch rack

Hardware Connections 3-1 Chapter 3 Hardware Connections This chapter acquaints you with the front and rear panels, shows you how to make the connections, install/remove (optional) modules and explains the LEDs. 3.1 Safety Warnings ¾ The length of exposed (bare) power wire should not exceed 7mm. ¾ Do not use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement. ¾ Only a qualified technician should service or disassemble this device. 3.2 Front Panel The following figure shows the front panel of the ES-3024. The front panel contains a console port for local switch management, switch LEDs, 24 RJ-45 Ethernet ports and two (optional) uplink modules. Figure 3-1 ES-3024 Front Panel Table 3-1 ES-3024: Front Panel Ports CONNECTOR DESCRIPTION Console The console port is for local configuration of the ES-3024 switch. 24 10/100 Mbps RJ-45 Ethernet connectors Connect these ports to a computer, a hub, an Ethernet switch or router. 3.2.1 Console Port For local management, you can use a computer with terminal emulation software configured to the following parameters:

3-2 Hardware Connections ¾ VT100 terminal emulation ¾ 9600 bps ¾ No parity, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit ¾ No flow control Connect the male 9-pin end of the console cable to the console port of the ES-3024 switch. Connect the female end to a serial port (COM1, COM2 or other COM port) of your computer. 3.2.2 Ethernet Ports The ES-3024 has 10/100Mbps auto-negotiating, auto-crossover Ethernet ports. In 10/100Mbps Fast Ethernet, the speed can be 10Mbps or 100Mbps and the duplex mode can be half duplex or full duplex (100 Mbps only). When auto-negotiation is turned on, an Ethernet port on the ES-3024 switch negotiates with the peer automatically to determine the connection speed and duplex mode. If the peer Ethernet port does not support auto-negotiation or turns off this feature, the ES-3024 switch determines the connection speed by detecting the signal on the cable and using half duplex mode. When the ES-3024 switch’s auto-negotiation is turned off, an Ethernet port uses the pre- configured speed and duplex mode when making a connection, thus requiring you to make sure that the settings of the peer Ethernet port are the same in order to connect. Default Ethernet Negotiation Settings The factory default negotiation settings for the Ethernet ports on the ES-3024 switch are: o Speed: Auto o Duplex: Auto o Flow control: On o Link Aggregation: Disabled Auto-crossover All ports are auto-crossover, that is auto-MDIX ports (Media Dependent Interface Crossover), so you may use either a straight through Ethernet cable or crossover Ethernet cable for all Ethernet port connections. Auto- crossover ports automatically sense whether they need to function as crossover or straight ports, so crossover cables can connect both computers and switches/hubs. 3.3 Uplink Modules LEDs in the (optional) uplink modules are described in the corresponding module manual. 3.3.1 Installing Modules You can install one stacking module and up to two (optional) uplink modules separately to meet the needs of your network. See your module manual for module specifications. Modules are NOT hot swappable! Follow these steps to install the optional modules. Step 1. Make sure the power cord is not connected to the switch.

Hardware Connections 3-3 Step 2. Loosen the thumbscrews from the cover plate and remove the cover plate from the optional slot. Do not discard the cover plate. You can put the cover plate back on if you remove the new module. Figure 3-2 Loosening the Screws and Removing the Cover Plate Step 3. You should wear an anti-static wrist strap or touch any grounded or metal objects to discharge any bodily static electricity before you continue. Step 4. Remove the optional module from its protective anti-static packaging. Avoid touching the onboard circuit components by holding it by the edge. Step 5. Insert the optional module into an available expansion slot on the switch. Press it firmly until the optional module snaps into place. Step 6. Secure it to the switch with the retaining screws. Figure 3-3 Inserting An Example Module1 Never force, bend or twist the optional modules into the expansion slots. 1 This is an example module only! Slide the optional module into the expansion slot until it snaps into place.

3-4 Hardware Connections Step 7. See section 3.4.1 for instructions on connecting the power. The switch automatically detects the installed optional module. Connect any necessary network cables to the optional module and check the LEDs to verify that it is functioning properly. 3.4 Rear Panel The following figure shows the rear panel of the ES-3024. The rear panel contains the slot for the stacking module and the power receptacle. See section 3.3.1 for information on inserting and removing modules. Figure 3-4 ES-3024 AC Unit Rear Panel Figure 3-5 ES-3024 DC Unit Rear Panel 3.4.1 Power Connector Make sure you are using the correct power source as shown on the panel. To connect the power to the ES-3024 AC unit, insert the female end of power cord to the power receptacle on the rear panel. Connect the other end of the supplied power cord to a 100~240VAC/1.5A power outlet. Make sure that no objects obstruct the airflow of the fans (located on the side of the unit). The ES-3024 DC unit requires DC power supply input of –48 VDC to -60 VDC, 1.84A Max. To connect the power to the unit, insert the one end of the supplied power cord to the power receptacle on the rear panel and the other end to a power outlet. 3.5 Front Panel LEDs After you connect the power to the switch, view the LEDs to ensure proper functioning of the switch and as an aid in troubleshooting. The front panel LEDs are as follows.

Hardware Connections 3-5 Figure 3-6 Front Panel LEDs The following table describes the LED indicators on the front panel of an ES-3024 switch. Table 3-2 ES-3024 Switches: LED Descriptions LED COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION S1 S2 Green Blinking ON OFF The system is transmitting/receiving through the stacking port. The link through the stacking port is up. The link through the stacking port is down. PWR Green ON OFF The system is turned on. The system is off. SYS Green Blinking ON OFF The system is rebooting and performing self-diagnostic tests. The system is on and functioning properly. The power is off or the system is not ready/malfunctioning. ALM Red ON OFF There is a hardware failure. The system is functioning normally. LNK/ACT (Ethernet ports) Green Blinking ON OFF The system is transmitting/receiving to/from a 10 Mbps Ethernet network. The link to a 10 Mbps Ethernet network is up. The link to a 10 Mbps Ethernet network is down. Yellow Blinking ON OFF The system is transmitting/receiving to/from a 100 Mbps Ethernet network. The link to a 100 Mbps Ethernet network is up. The link to a 100 Mbps Ethernet network is down. Blinking The Ethernet port is negotiating in half-duplex mode and collisions are occurring; the more collisions that occur the faster the LED blinks. ON The Ethernet port is negotiating in full-duplex mode. FDX/COL (Ethernet ports) Yellow OFF The Ethernet port is negotiating in half-duplex mode and no collisions are occurring. 3.6 Stacking Scenario Examples Use Ethernet cables when stacking the switches. See the following figures for example stacking scenarios using the stacking module. The switches must form a closed ring in all scenarios.

3-6 Hardware Connections Figure 3-7 Stacking Example 1 Figure 3-8 Stacking Example 2

Hardware Connections 3-7 Figure 3-9 Stacking Example 3 See the Commands Introduction and Commonly Used Commands chapters for information on configuring the stacking modules (as well as other ports) using line commands. 3.7 Uplink Scenario Example Use Ethernet cables when daisy-chaining/uplinking the switches. See the following figure for an example uplink connection using the stacking module. You must uplink to a Gigabit switch when uplinking using the stacking module. Uplink scenarios using an uplink module depend on the uplink module you use.

3-8 Hardware Connections Figure 3-10 Uplink Example 3.8 Configuring the ES-3024 You may use the embedded web configurator or command line interface to configure the ES-3024. If you’re using the web configurator, you need Internet Explorer 5.5 and later or Netscape Navigator 6 and later. You can access the command line interface using a terminal emulation program on a computer connected to the switch console port (see section 3.2.1) or access the switch via an Ethernet port using Telnet. You can use the “config save” command to save 802.1Q, STP, Cluster and IP configuration changes to non-volatile memory (Flash). These changes are effective after you restart the switch. However you cannot use “config save” for all other line command configurations. These are saved in volatile memory (DRAM), so are not effective after you restart the switch. The next part of this guide discusses configuring the ES-3024 using the web configurator.

Info screens and shows you how to configure the Basic Settings menus.

Introducing the Web Configurator 4-1 Chapter 4 Introducing the Web Configurator This section introduces the configuration and functions of the Web Configurator. 4.1 Introduction The embedded web configurator allows you to manage the switch from anywhere through a standard browser such as Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator. Use Internet Explorer 5.5 and later or Netscape Navigator 6 and later versions. 4.2 System Login A local console port connection locks out all other connections. Log out from the console port connection before logging in with the web configurator. Step 1. Start your Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator web browser. Step 2. Type “http://” and the IP address of the switch (for example, the default is 192.168.1.1) in the Location or Address field. Press Enter. Step 3. The login screen appears. The default username is admin and associated default password is 1234. The date and time display as shown if you have not configured a time server nor manually entered a time and date in the General Setup screen. Figure 4-1 Web Configurator: login Step 4. Click OK to view the first web configurator screen. 4.3 Status Screen

4-2 Introducing the Web Configurator The Status screen is the first web configurator screen you see after you log in. The following figure shows the navigating components of a web configurator screen. Figure 4-2 Web Configurator Home Screen (Status) In the navigation panel, click a main link to reveal a list of submenu links. Table 4-1 Navigation Panel Sub-links Overview BASIC SETTING ADVANCED APPLICATION ROUTING PROTOCOL MANAGEMENT Navigation Panel. Click on a tab to display related links. Click here for help on configuring a screen. Click Logout to exit the web configurator. Click Status to view current device statistics.

Introducing the Web Configurator 4-3 The following table lists the various web configurator screens within the sub-links. Table 4-2 Web Configurator Screen Sub-links Details BASIC SETTING ADVANCED APPLICATIONS ROUTING PROTOCOL MANAGEMENT System Info General Setup Switch Setup IP Setup Port Setup VLAN Status VLAN Port Setting Static VLAN Static MAC Forwarding Filtering Spanning Tree Protocol Status Spanning Tree Protocol Configuration Bandwidth Control Broadcast Storm Control Mirroring Link Aggregation LACP Status Link Aggregation Configuration Port Authentication RADIUS 802.1x Port Security Access Control SNMP Logins Service Access Control Remote Management Queuing Method Static Routing Maintenance Firmware Upgrade Restore Configuration Backup Configuration Load Factory Default Reboot System Diagnostic Cluster Management Status Cluster Management Configuration Filtering Database ARP Table The following table summarizes these sub-links in the navigation panel. Table 4-3 Navigation Panel Sub-link Descriptions LABEL DESCRIPTION Basic Setting Screens System Info This link takes you to a screen that displays general system and hardware monitoring information. General Setup This link takes you to a screen where you can configure general identification information about the switch.

4-4 Introducing the Web Configurator Table 4-3 Navigation Panel Sub-link Descriptions LABEL DESCRIPTION Switch Setup This link takes you to a screen where you can set up global switch parameters such as VLAN type, MAC address learning, IGMP snooping, GARP and priority queues. IP Setup This link takes you to a screen where you can configure the IP address, subnet mask (necessary for switch management) and DNS (domain name server). Port Setup This link takes you to screens where you can configure settings for individual switch ports. Advanced Application VLAN This link takes you to screens where you can configure port-based or 802.1Q VLAN (depending on what you configured in the Switch Setup menu). Static MAC Forwarding This link takes you to screens where you can configure static MAC addresses for a port. These static MAC addresses do not age out. Filtering This link takes you to a screen to set up filtering rules. Spanning Tree Protocol This link takes you to screens where you can configure the STP to prevent network loops. Bandwidth Control This link takes you to screens where you can cap the maximum bandwidth allowed from specified source(s) to specified destination(s). Broadcast Storm Control This link takes you to a screen to set up broadcast filters. Mirroring This link takes you to screens where you can copy traffic from one port or ports to another port in order that you can examine the traffic from the first port without interference Link Aggregation This link takes you to a screen where you can logically trunk physical links to form one logical, higher-bandwidth link. Port Authentication This link takes you to a screen where you can configure RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service), a protocol for user authentication that allows you to use an external server to validate an unlimited number of users. Port Security This link takes you to a screen where you can activate MAC address learning and set the maximum number of MAC addresses to learn on a port. Access Control This link takes you to screens where you can change the system login password and configure SNMP and remote management. Queuing Method This link takes you to a screen where you can configure SPQ or WFQ with associated queue weights for each port. Routing Protocol Static Routing This link takes you to screens where you can configure static routes. A static route defines how the ES-3024 should forward traffic by configuring the TCP/IP parameters manually. Management Maintenance This link takes you to screens where you can perform firmware and configuration file maintenance as well as reboot the system. Diagnostic This link takes you to screens where you can view system logs and test port(s). Cluster Management This link takes you to a screen where you can configure clustering management and view its status.

Introducing the Web Configurator 4-5 Table 4-3 Navigation Panel Sub-link Descriptions LABEL DESCRIPTION Filtering Database This link takes you to a screen where you can view the MAC addresses (and types) of devices attached to what ports and VLAN IDs. ARP Table This link takes you to a screen where you can view the MAC addresses – IP address resolution table. 4.3.1 Change Your Password After you log in for the first time, it is recommended you change the default Administrator password in the Logins screen. Click Advanced Application, Access Control and then Logins to display the next screen. Figure 4-3 Web Configurator: Change Password at Login 4.4 Switch Lockout You are locked out from managing the switch if another administrator is currently logged in. You must wait until he/she has logged out before you can log in. Moreover, you could lock yourself (and all others) out from the switch by: 1. Deleting the management VLAN (default is VLAN 1). 2. Deleting all port-based VLANs with the CPU port as a member. The “CPU port” is the management port of the switch.

4-6 Introducing the Web Configurator 3. Filtering all traffic to the CPU port. 4. Disabling all ports. 5. Assigning minimum bandwidth to the CPU port. If you limit bandwidth to the CPU port, you may find that the switch performs sluggishly or not at all. Be careful not to lock yourself and others out of the switch. 4.5 Resetting the Switch If you lock yourself (and others) from the switch or forget the ES-3024 password, you will need to reload the factory-default configuration file. Uploading the factory-default configuration file replaces the current configuration file with the factory-default configuration file. This means that you will lose all previous configurations and the speed of the console port will be reset to the default of 9600bps with 8 data bit, no parity, one stop bit and flow control set to none. The password will also be reset to “1234” and the IP address to 192.168.1.1. To upload the configuration file, do the following: Step 1. Connect to the console port using a computer with terminal emulation software. See the chapter on hardware connections for details. Step 2. Disconnect and reconnect the switch’s power to begin a session. When you reconnect the switch’s power, you will see the initial screen. Step 3. When you see the message “Press any key to enter Debug Mode within 3 seconds” press any key to enter debug mode. Step 4. Type atlc after the “Enter Debug Mode” message. Step 5. Wait for the “Starting XMODEM upload” message before activating XMODEM upload on your terminal. Step 6. After a successful configuration file upload, type atgo to restart the switch. Figure 4-4 Resetting the Switch: Via Console Port The switch is now reinitialized with a default configuration file including the default password of “1234”. Bootbase Version: V1.0 | 04/25/2003 10:01:06 RAM: Size = 32768 Kbytes FLASH: Intel 32M ZyNOS Version: V3.50(DU.0)b6 | 07/11/2003 18:00:29 Press any key to enter debug mode within 3 seconds. .................... Enter Debug Mode ES-3024> atlc Starting XMODEM upload (CRC mode).... CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC Total 262144 bytes received. Erasing.. ................................................................ OK

Introducing the Web Configurator 4-7 4.5.1 Logging Out of the Web Configurator Click Logout in a screen to exit the web configurator. You have to log in with your password again after you log out. This is recommended after you finish a management session both for security reasons and so as you don’t lock out other switch administrators. Figure 4-5 Web Configurator: Logout Screen 4.5.2 Help The web configurator’s online help has descriptions of individual screens and some supplementary information. Click the HELP link from a web configurator screen to view an online help description of that screen.

System Status and Port Details 5-1 Chapter 5 System Status and Port Details This chapter describes the system status (web configurator home page) and port details screens. 5.1 About System Statistics and Information The home screen of the web configurator displays a port statistical summary with links to each port showing statistical details. 5.2 Port Status Summary To view the port statistics, click Status in all web configurator screens to display the Status screen as shown next. Figure 5-1 Port Status Summary The following table describes the labels in this screen.

5-2 System Status and Port Details Table 5-1 Status LABEL DESCRIPTION System up Time This field shows how long the system has been running since the last time it was started. Port This identifies the Ethernet port. Click a port number to display the Port Details screen (refer to Section 5.2.1). Link This field displays the speed (either 10M for 10Mbps, 100M for 100Mbps or another value depending on the uplink module being used) and the duplex (F for full duplex or H for half). State This field displays the STP state of the port. See the Spanning Tree Protocol chapter for details on STP port states. LACP This fields displays whether the Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) has been enabled on the port. TxPkts This field shows the number of transmitted frames on this port. RxPkts This field shows the number of received frames on this port. Errors This field shows the number of received errors on this port. Tx KB/s This field shows the number of kilobytes per second transmitted on this port. Rx KB/s This field shows the number of kilobytes per second received on this port. Up Time This field shows the total amount of time in hours, minutes and seconds the port has been up. Poll Interval(s) The text box displays how often (in seconds) this screen refreshes. You may change the refresh interval by typing a new number in the text box and then clicking Set Interval. Stop Click Stop to halt system statistic polling. Clear Counter Select a port from the Port drop-down list box and then click Clear Counter to erase the recorded statistical information for that port. 5.2.1 Port Details Click a number in the Port column in the Status screen to display individual port statistics. Use this screen to check status and detailed performance data about an individual port on the switch.

System Status and Port Details 5-3 Figure 5-2 Status: Port Details The following table describes the labels in this screen.

5-4 System Status and Port Details Table 5-2 Status: Port Details LABEL DESCRIPTION Port Info Port NO. This field identifies the Ethernet port described in this screen. Link This field shows whether the Ethernet connection is down, and the speed/duplex mode. Status This field shows the training state of the ports. The states are FORWARDING (forwarding), which means the link is functioning normally or STOP (the port is stopped to break a loop or duplicate path). LACP This field shows if LACP is enabled on this port or not. TxPkts This field shows the number of transmitted frames on this port RxPkts This field shows the number of received frames on this port Errors This field shows the number of received errors on this port. Tx KB/s This field shows the number kilobytes per second transmitted on this port. Rx KB/s This field shows the number of kilobytes per second received on this port. Up Time This field shows the total amount of time the connection has been up. Tx Packet The following fields display detailed information about frames transmitted. TX Packets This field shows the number of good frames (unicast, multicast and broadcast) transmitted. Multicast This field shows the number of good multicast frames transmitted. Broadcast This field shows the number of good broadcast frames transmitted. Pause This field shows the number of 802.3x Pause frames transmitted. Tagged This field shows the number of frames with VLAN tags transmitted. Rx Packet The following fields display detailed information about frames received. RX Packets This field shows the number of good frames (unicast, multicast and broadcast) received. 64 Byte This field shows the number of frames (including bad frames) received that were 64 octets in length. 65-127 Byte This field shows the number of frames (including bad frames) received that were between 65 and 127 octets in length. 128-255 Byte This field shows the number of frames (including bad frames) received that were between 128 and 255 octets in length. 256-511 Byte This field shows the number of frames (including bad frames) received that were between 256 and 511 octets in length.

System Status and Port Details 5-5 Table 5-2 Status: Port Details LABEL DESCRIPTION 512-1023 Byte This field shows the number of frames (including bad frames) received that were between 512 and 1023 octets in length. 1024-1518 Byte This field shows the number of frames (including bad frames) received that were between 1024 and 1518 octets in length. >1518 Byte This field shows the number of frames (including bad frames) transmitted that were greater than 1518 octets in length. Multicast This field shows the number of good multicast frames received. Broadcast This field shows the number of good broadcast frames received. Pause This field shows the number of 802.3x Pause frames received. Tagged This field shows the number of frames with VLAN tags received. Control This field shows the number of control received (including those with CRC error) but it does not include the 802.3x Pause frames. TX Collision The following fields display information on collisions while transmitting. Single This is a count of successfully transmitted frames for which transmission is inhibited by exactly one collision. Multiple This is a count of successfully transmitted frames for which transmission was inhibited by more than one collision. Excessive This is a count of frames for which transmission failed due to excessive collisions. Excessive collision is defined as the number of maximum collisions before the retransmission count is reset. Late This is the number of times a late collision is detected, that is, after 512 bits of the frame have already been transmitted. Error Packet The following fields display detailed information about frames received that were in error. RX CRC This field shows the number of frames received with CRC (Cyclic Redundant Check) error(s). Length This field shows the number of frames received with a length that was out of range. Alignment This field shows the number of frames received of proper size but with CRC error(s) and a non- integral number of octets. Runt This field shows the number of frames received that were too short (shorter than 64 octets), including the ones with CRC errors. Dropped Packet The following filed indicates why frames were dropped. Giant This field shows the number of frames dropped because they were bigger than the maximum frame size.

5-6 System Status and Port Details Table 5-2 Status: Port Details LABEL DESCRIPTION Poll Interval(s) The text box displays how often (in seconds) this screen refreshes. You may change the refresh interval by typing a new number in the text box and then clicking Set Interval. Stop Click Stop to stop port statistic polling.

Basic Setting 6-1 This chapter describes how to configure the System Info, General Setup, Switch Setup, IP Setup and Port Setup screens. 6.1 Introducing The Basic Setting Screens The System Info screen displays general switch information (such as firmware version number) and hardware polling information (such as fan speeds). The General Setup screen allows you to configure general switch identification information. The General Setup screen also allows you to set the system time manually or get the current time and date from an external server when you turn on your switch. The real time is then displayed in the switch logs. The Switch Setup screen allows you to set up and configure global switch features. The IP Setup screen allows you to configure a switch IP address, subnet mask and DNS (domain name server) for management purposes. 6.2 System Information In the navigation panel, click Basic Setting and then System Info to display the screen as shown. You can check the firmware version number and monitor the switch temperature, fan speeds and voltage in this screen. Chapter 6 Basic Setting

6-2 Basic Setting Figure 6-1 System Info The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 6-1 System Info LABEL DESCRIPTION System Name This field displays the switch 's model name. ZyNOS F/W Version This field displays the version number of the switch 's current firmware including the date created. Ethernet Address This field refers to the Ethernet MAC (Media Access Control) address of the switch. Hardware Monitor Temperature Unit The switch has temperature sensors that are capable of detecting and reporting if the temperature rises above the threshold. You may choose the temperature unit (Centigrade or Fahrenheit) in this field. Temperature MAC, CPU and PHY refer to the location of the temperature sensors on the switch printed circuit board. Current This field displays the current temperature measured at this sensor.

Basic Setting 6-3 Table 6-1 System Info LABEL DESCRIPTION MAX This field displays the maximum temperature measured at this sensor. MIN This field displays the minimum temperature measured at this sensor. Threshold This field displays the upper temperature limit at this sensor. Status This field displays Normal for temperatures below the threshold and Error for those above. Fan speed (RPM) A properly functioning fan is an essential component (along with a sufficiently ventilated, cool operating environment) in order for the device to stay within the temperature threshold. Each fan has a sensor that is capable of detecting and reporting if the fan speed falls below the threshold shown. Current This field displays this fan's current speed in Revolutions Per Minute (RPM). MAX This field displays this fan's maximum speed measured in Revolutions Per Minute (RPM). MIN This field displays this fan's minimum speed measured in Revolutions Per Minute (RPM). "<41" is displayed for speeds too small to measure (under 2000 RPM). Threshold This field displays the minimum speed at which a normal fan should work. Status Normal indicates that this fan is functioning above the minimum speed. Error indicates that this fan is functioning below the minimum speed. Voltage (V) The power supply for each voltage has a sensor that is capable of detecting and reporting if the voltage falls out of the tolerance range. Current This is the current voltage reading. MAX This field displays the maximum voltage measured at this point. MIN This field displays the minimum voltage measured at this point. Threshold This field displays the minimum voltage at which the switch should work. Status Normal indicates that the voltage is within an acceptable operating range at this point; otherwise Error is displayed. Poll Interval(s) The text box displays how often (in seconds) this screen refreshes. You may change the refresh interval by typing a new number in the text box and then clicking Set Interval. Stop Click Stop to halt statistic polling. 6.3 General Setup Click Basic Setting and General Setup in the navigation panel to display the screen as shown.

6-4 Basic Setting Figure 6-2 General Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 6-2 General Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION System Name Choose a descriptive name for identification purposes. This name consists of up to 32 printable characters; spaces are not allowed. Location Enter the geographic location (up to 30 characters) of your switch. Contact Person's Name Enter the name (up to 30 characters) of the person in charge of this switch.

Basic Setting 6-5 Table 6-2 General Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Use Time Server When Bootup Enter the time service protocol that a timeserver sends when you turn on the switch. Not all timeservers support all protocols, so you may have to use trial and error to find a protocol that works. The main differences between them are the time format. Daytime (RFC 867) format is day/month/year/time zone of the server. Time (RFC-868) format displays a 4-byte integer giving the total number of seconds since 1970/1/1 at 0:0:0. NTP (RFC-1305) is similar to Time (RFC-868). None is the default value. Enter the time manually. Each time you turn on the switch, the time and date will be reset to 2000-1-1 0:0. Time Server IP Address Enter the IP address (or URL if you configure a domain name server in the IP Setup screen) of your timeserver. The switch searches for the timeserver for up to 60 seconds. If you select a timeserver that is unreachable, then this screen will appear locked for 60 seconds. Please wait. Current Time This field displays the time you open this menu (or refresh the menu). New Time (hh:min:ss) Enter the new time in hour, minute and second format. The new time then appears in the Current Time field after you click Apply. Current Date This field displays the date you open this menu. New Date (yyyy- mm-dd) Enter the new date in year, month and day format. The new date then appears in the Current Date field after you click Apply. Time Zone Select the time difference between UTC (Universal Time Coordinated, formerly known as GMT, Greenwich Mean Time) and your time zone from the drop-down list box. Apply Click Apply to save the settings. Cancel Click Cancel to start configuring the screen again. 6.4 Introduction to VLANs A VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) allows a physical network to be partitioned into multiple logical networks. Devices on a logical network belong to one group. A device can belong to more than one group. With VLAN, a device cannot directly talk to or hear from devices that are not in the same group(s); the traffic must first go through a router. In MTU (Multi-Tenant Unit) applications, VLAN is vital in providing isolation and security among the subscribers. When properly configured, VLAN prevents one subscriber from accessing the network resources of another on the same LAN, thus a user will not see the printers and hard disks of another user in the same building. VLAN also increases network performance by limiting broadcasts to a smaller and more manageable logical broadcast domain. In traditional switched environments, all broadcast packets go to each and every individual port. With VLAN, all broadcasts are confined to a specific broadcast domain. Note that VLAN is unidirectional; it only governs outgoing traffic.

6-6 Basic Setting See the VLAN chapter for information on port-based and 802.1Q tagged VLANs. 6.5 IGMP Snooping IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a session-layer protocol used to establish membership in a multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. Refer to RFC 1112 and RFC 2236 for information on IGMP versions 1 and 2 respectively. A layer-2 switch can passively snoop on IGMP Query, Report and Leave (IGMP version 2) packets transferred between IP multicast routers/switches and IP multicast hosts to learn the IP multicast group membership. It checks IGMP packets passing through it, picks out the group registration information, and configures multicasting accordingly. Without IGMP snooping, multicast traffic is treated in the same manner as broadcast traffic, that is, it is forwarded to all ports. With IGMP snooping, group multicast traffic is only forwarded to ports that are members of that group. IGMP Snooping generates no additional network traffic, allowing you to significantly reduce multicast traffic passing through your switch. 6.6 Switch Setup Screen Click Basic Setting and then Switch Setup in the navigation panel display the screen as shown. The VLAN setup screens change depending on whether you choose 802.1Q or Port Based in the VLAN Type field in this screen. Refer to the chapter on VLANs.

Basic Setting 6-7 Figure 6-3 Switch Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 6-3 Switch Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE VLAN Type Choose 802.1Q or Port Based from the drop-down list box. The VLAN Setup screen changes depending on whether you choose 802.1Q VLAN Type or Port Based VLAN Type in this screen. See Section 6.4 and the VLAN chapter for more information on VLANs. 802.1Q IGMP Snooping Select Active to enable IGMP snooping have group multicast traffic only forwarded to ports that are members of the VLAN specified in the VLAN field, significantly reducing multicast traffic passing through your switch. See Section 6.5 for more information on IGMP snooping. MAC Address Learning MAC address learning reduces outgoing traffic broadcasts. For MAC address learning to occur on a port, the port must be active. Aging Time Enter a time from 10 to 3000 seconds. This is how long all dynamically learned MAC addresses remain in the MAC address table before they age out (and must be relearned). 300

6-8 Basic Setting Table 6-3 Switch Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE GARP Timer: Switches join VLANs by making a declaration. A declaration is made by issuing a Join message using GARP. Declarations are withdrawn by issuing a Leave message. A Leave All message terminates all registrations. GARP timers set declaration timeout values. See the chapter on VLAN setup for more background information. Join Timer Join Timer sets the duration of the Join Period timer for GVRP in milliseconds. Each port has a Join Period timer. The allowed Join Time range is between 100 and 65535 milliseconds; the default is 200 milliseconds. See the chapter on VLAN setup for more background information. 200 milliseconds (default) Leave Timer Leave Timer sets the duration of the Leave Period timer for GVRP in milliseconds. Each port has a single Leave Period timer. Leave Time must be two times larger than Join Timer; the default is 600 milliseconds. 600 milliseconds (default) Leave All Timer Leave All Timer sets the duration of the Leave All Period timer for GVRP in milliseconds. Each port has a single Leave All Period timer. Leave All Timer must be larger than Leave Timer; the default is 1000 milliseconds. 1000 milliseconds (default) Priority Queue Assignment IEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic types by inserting a tag into a MAC-layer frame that contains bits to define class of service. Frames without an explicit priority tag are given the default priority of the ingress port. Use the next two fields to configure the priority level-to-physical queue mapping. The switch has 4 physical queues that you can map to the 8 priority levels. On the switch, traffic assigned to higher index queues gets through faster while traffic in lower index queues is dropped if the network is congested. See also Queuing Method and 802.1p Priority in Port Setup for related information. Priority Level (The following descriptions are based on the traffic types defined in the IEEE 802.1d standard (which incorporates the 802.1p). Level 7 Typically used for network control traffic such as router configuration messages. Level 6 Typically used for voice traffic that is especially sensitive to jitter (jitter is the variations in delay). Level 5 Typically used for video that consumes high bandwidth and is sensitive to jitter. Level 4 Typically used for controlled load, latency-sensitive traffic such as SNA (Systems Network Architecture) transactions. Level 3 Typically used for “excellent effort” or better than best effort and would include important business traffic that can tolerate some delay. Level 2 This is for “spare bandwidth”. Level 1 This is typically used for non-critical “background” traffic such as bulk transfers that are allowed but that should not affect other applications and users. Level 0 Typically used for best-effort traffic. Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the switch. Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Basic Setting 6-9 6.7 IP Setup Use the IP Setup screen to configure the default gateway device. To set the default gateway device and the domain name server on the switch, click IP Setup in the navigation panel and set the related fields. The default gateway specifies the IP address of the default gateway (next hop) for outgoing traffic. The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 6-4 IP Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION DHCP Client Select this option if you have a DHCP server that can assign the switch an IP address, subnet mask, a default gateway IP address and a domain name server IP address automatically. Static IP Address Select this option if you don’t have a DHCP server or if you wish to assign static IP address information to the switch. You need to fill in the following fields when you select this option. IP Address Enter the IP address of your switch in dotted decimal notation for example 192.168.1.1. IP Subnet Mask Enter the IP subnet mask of your switch in dotted decimal notation for example 255.255.255.0. Default Gateway Enter the IP address of the default outgoing gateway in dotted decimal notation, for example 192.168.1.254. Domain Name Server DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa. Enter a domain name server IP address in order to be able to use a domain name instead of an IP address.

6-10 Basic Setting Table 6-4 IP Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Management VID Enter the VLAN identification number associated with the switch IP address. Management VLAN ID is the VLAN ID of the CPU and is used for management only. The default is "1". All ports, by default, are fixed members of this "management VLAN" in order to manage the device from any port. If a port is not a member of this VLAN, then users on that port cannot access the device. To access the switch make sure the port that you are connected to is a member of Management VLAN. Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the switch. Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring the fields again. 6.8 Port Setup Click Basic Setting and then Port Setup in the navigation panel to enter the port configuration screen. You may configure any of the switch ports and module (uplink and stacking) ports.

Basic Setting 6-11 Figure 6-4 Port Setup The following table describes the fields in this screen.

6-12 Basic Setting Table 6-5 Port Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Port This is the port index number. Active Select this check box to enable a port. The factory default for all ports is enabled. A port must be enabled for data transmission to occur. Name Enter a descriptive name that identifies this port. Type This field displays 10/100M for an Ethernet/Fast Ethernet connection and 1000M for Gigabit connections. Speed/Duplex Select the speed and the duplex mode of the Ethernet connection on this port. Choices are Auto, 10M/Half Duplex, 10M/Full Duplex, 100M/Half Duplex, 100M/Full Duplex and 1000M/Full Duplex (for gigabit ports only). Selecting Auto (auto-negotiation) makes one Ethernet port able to negotiate with a peer automatically to obtain the connection speed and duplex mode that both ends support. When auto- negotiation is turned on, an Ethernet port on the switch negotiates with the peer automatically to determine the connection speed and duplex mode. If the peer Ethernet port does not support auto- negotiation or turns off this feature, the switch determines the connection speed by detecting the signal on the cable and using half duplex mode. When the switch’s auto-negotiation is turned off, an Ethernet port uses the pre-configured speed and duplex mode when making a connection, thus requiring you to make sure that the settings of the peer Ethernet port are the same in order to connect. Flow Control A concentration of traffic on a port decreases port bandwidth and overflows buffer memory causing packet discards and frame losses. Flow Control is used to regulate transmission of signals to match the bandwidth of the receiving port. The switch uses IEEE802.3x flow control in full duplex mode and backpressure flow control in half duplex mode. IEEE802.3x flow control is used in full duplex mode to send a pause signal to the sending port, causing it to temporarily stop sending signals when the receiving port memory buffers fill. Back Pressure flow control is typically used in half duplex mode to send a "collision" signal to the sending port (mimicking a state of packet collision) causing the sending port to temporarily stop sending signals and resend later. Select Flow Control to enable it. 802.1P Priority This priority value is added to incoming frames without a (802.1p) priority queue tag. See Priority Queue Assignment in Table 6-3 for more information. See also Priority Queue Assignment in Switch Setup and Queuing Method for related information. Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the switch. Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

IV Part IV Advanced Application 1 This part shows you how to configure the VLAN, Static MAC Forwarding, Filtering, STP and Bandwidth Control Advanced Application screens.

VLAN 7-1 The type of screen you see here depends on the VLAN Type you selected in the Switch Setup screen. This chapter shows you how to configure 802.1Q tagged and port-based VLANs. See the General, Switch and IP Setup chapter for more information. 7.1 Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Tagged VLAN uses an explicit tag (VLAN ID) in the MAC header to identify the VLAN membership of a frame across bridges - they are not confined to the switch on which they were created. The VLANs can be created statically by hand or dynamically through GVRP. The VLAN ID associates a frame with a specific VLAN and provides the information that switches need to process the frame across the network. A tagged frame is four bytes longer than an untagged frame and contains two bytes of TPID (Tag Protocol Identifier, residing within the type/length field of the Ethernet frame) and two bytes of TCI (Tag Control Information, starts after the source address field of the Ethernet frame). The CFI (Canonical Format Indicator) is a single-bit flag, always set to zero for Ethernet switches. If a frame received at an Ethernet port has a CFI set to 1, then that frame should not be forwarded as it is to an untagged port. The remaining twelve bits define the VLAN ID, giving a possible maximum number of 4,096 (212) VLANs. Note that user priority and VLAN ID are independent of each other. A frame with VID (VLAN Identifier) of null (0) is called a priority frame, meaning that only the priority level is significant and the default VID of the ingress port is given as the VID of the frame. Of the 4096 possible VIDs, a VID of 0 is used to identify priority frames and value 4095 (FFF) is reserved, so the maximum possible VLAN configurations are 4,094 TPID 2 Bytes User Priority 3 Bits CFI 1 Bit VLAN ID 12 bits 7.1.1 Forwarding Tagged and Untagged Frames Each port on the switch is capable of passing tagged or untagged frames. To forward a frame from an 802.1Q VLAN-aware switch to an 802.1Q VLAN-unaware switch, the switch first decides where to forward the frame and then strips off the VLAN tag. To forward a frame from an 802.1Q VLAN-unaware switch to an 802.1Q VLAN-aware switch, the switch first decides where to forward the frame, and then inserts a VLAN tag reflecting the ingress port's default VID. The default PVID is VLAN 1 for all ports, but this can be changed. 7.1.2 Automatic VLAN Registration GARP and GVRP are the protocols used to automatically register VLAN membership across switches. Chapter 7 VLAN

7-2 VLAN GARP GARP (Generic Attribute Registration Protocol) allows network switches to register and de-register attribute values with other GARP participants within a bridged LAN. GARP is a protocol that provides a generic mechanism for protocols that serve a more specific application, for example, GVRP. GARP Timers Switches join VLANs by making a declaration. A declaration is made by issuing a Join message using GARP. Declarations are withdrawn by issuing a Leave message. A Leave All message terminates all registrations. GARP timers set declaration timeout values. GVRP GVRP (GARP VLAN Registration Protocol) is a registration protocol that defines a way for switches to register necessary VLAN members on ports across the network. Enable this function to permit VLANs groups beyond the local switch. Please refer to the following table for common GARP terminology. Table 7-1 GARP Terminology VLAN PARAMETER TERM DESCRIPTION VLAN Type Permanent VLAN This is a static VLAN created manually. Dynamic VLAN This is a VLAN configured by a GVRP registration/deregistration process. VLAN Administrative Control Registration Fixed Fixed registration ports are permanent VLAN members. Registration Forbidden Ports with registration forbidden are forbidden to join the specified VLAN. Normal Registration Ports dynamically join a VLAN using GVRP. VLAN Tag Control Tagged Ports belonging to the specified VLAN tag all outgoing frames transmitted. Untagged Ports belonging to the specified don't tag all outgoing frames transmitted. VLAN Port Port VID This is the VLAN ID assigned to untagged frames that this port received. Acceptable frame type You may choose to accept both tagged and untagged incoming frames or just tagged incoming frames on a port. Ingress filtering If set, the switch discards incoming frames for VLANs that do not have this port as a member

VLAN 7-3 7.1.3 Port VLAN Trunking Enable VLAN Trunking on a port to allow frames belonging to unknown VLAN groups to pass through that port. This is useful if you want to set up VLAN groups on end devices without having to configure the same VLAN groups on intermediary devices. Refer to the following figure. Suppose you want to create VLAN groups 1 and 2 (V1 and V2) on devices A and B. Without VLAN Trunking, you must configure VLAN groups 1 and 2 on all intermediary switches C, D and E; otherwise they will drop frames with unknown VLAN group tags. However, with VLAN Trunking enabled on a port(s) in each intermediary switch you only need to create VLAN groups in the end devices (A and B). C, D and E automatically allow frames with VLAN group tags 1 and 2 (VLAN groups that are unknown to those switches) to pass through their VLAN trunking port(s). Figure 7-1 Port VLAN Trunking 7.2 802.1Q VLAN Follow the steps below to set the 802.1Q VLAN Type on the switch. Step 1. Select 802.1Q as the VLAN Type in the Switch Setup screen (under Basic Setting) and click Apply. Figure 7-2 Selecting a VLAN Type Step 2. Click VLAN under Advanced Application to display the VLAN Status screen as shown next.

7-4 VLAN Figure 7-3 802.1Q VLAN Status The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 7-2 802.1Q VLAN Status LABEL DESCRIPTION The Number of VLAN This is the number of VLANs configured on the switch. Index This is the VLAN index number. VID VID is the PVID, the Port VLAN ID assigned to untagged frames or priority-tagged frames received on this port that you configure in the VLAN Port Setting screen. Port Number This column displays the ports that are participating in a VLAN. A tagged port is marked as T, an untagged port is marked as U and ports not participating in a VLAN in marked as “–“. Elapsed Time This field shows how long it has been since a normal VLAN was registered or a static VLAN was set up. Status This field shows how this VLAN was added to the switch; dynamically using GVRP or statically, that is, added as a permanent entry. Poll Interval(s) The text box displays how often (in seconds) this screen refreshes. You may change the refresh interval by typing a new number in the text box and then clicking Set Interval. Stop Click Stop to halt polling statistics.

VLAN 7-5 Table 7-2 802.1Q VLAN Status LABEL DESCRIPTION Previous/Next Page Click one of these buttons to show the previous/next screen if all status information cannot be seen in one screen. 7.2.1 802.1Q VLAN Port Settings To configure the 802.1Q VLAN settings on a port, click the VLAN Port Settings link in the VLAN Status screen. Figure 7-4 802.1Q VLAN Port Settings

7-6 VLAN The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 7-3 802.1Q VLAN Port Settings LABEL DESCRIPTION GVRP GVRP (GARP VLAN Registration Protocol) is a registration protocol that defines a way for switches to dynamically register necessary VLAN members on ports across the network. Select this check box to permit VLAN groups beyond the local switch. Port Isolation Port Isolation allows each port (1 to 26) to communicate with the CPU port, uplink ports and stacking ports but not communicate with each other. This option is the most limiting but also the most secure. Port This field displays the port numbers. Ingress Check If this check box is selected for a port, the device discards incoming frames for VLANs that do not include this port in its member set. PVID Each port on the switch is capable of passing tagged or untagged frames. To forward a frame from an 802.1Q VLAN-unaware switch to an 802.1Q VLAN-aware switch, the switch first decides where to forward the frame, and then inserts a VLAN tag reflecting the default ingress port's VLAN ID, the PVID. The default PVID is VLAN 1 for all ports, but this can be changed to any number between 0 and 4094. GVRP Select this check box to permit VLANs groups beyond the local switch on this port. GVRP (GARP VLAN Registration Protocol) is a registration protocol that defines a way for switches to register necessary VLAN members on ports across the network. Acceptable Frame Type Specify the type of frames allowed on a port. Choices are All, Tag Only and Untag Only. Select All to accept all frames with untagged or tagged frames on this port. This is the default setting. Select Tag Only to accept only tagged frames on this port. All untagged frames are dropped. Select Untag Only to accept only untagged frames on this port. All tagged frames are dropped. VLAN Trunking Enable VLAN Trunking on ports connected to other switches or routers (but not ports directly connected to end users) to allow frames belonging to unknown VLAN groups to pass through the switch. Apply Click Apply to save the changes. Cancel Click Cancel to start configuring the screen again. 7.2.2 802.1Q Static VLAN You can dynamically have a port join a VLAN group using GVRP, permanently assign a port to be a member of a VLAN group or prohibit a port from joining a VLAN group in this screen. Click Static VLAN in the VLAN Status screen to display the screen as shown next.

7-8 VLAN The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 7-4 802.1Q Static VLAN LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to enable the VLAN. Name Enter a descriptive name for this VLAN group for identification purposes. VLAN Group ID Enter the VLAN ID for this static VLAN entry; the valid range is between 1 and 4094. Port The port number identifies the port you are configuring. Ports 25 and 26 are the uplink ports. S1 and S2 are the stacking ports. Control Select Normal for the port to dynamically join this VLAN group using GVRP. This is the default selection. Select Fixed for the port to be a permanent member of this VLAN group. Select Forbidden if you want to prohibit the port from joining this VLAN group. Tagging Select TX Tagging if you want the port to tag all outgoing frames transmitted with this VLAN Group ID. Add Click Add to save the new rule to the switch. It then displays in the summary table at the bottom of the screen. Cancel Click Cancel to reset the fields to your previous configuration. Clear Click Clear to clear the fields to the factory defaults. 7.2.3 Viewing and Editing VLAN Settings To view a summary of the VLAN configuration, scroll down to the summary table at the bottom of the Static VLAN screen. To change the settings of a rule, click a number in the VID field. Figure 7-6 Static VLAN: Summary Table The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 7-5 Static VLAN: Summary Table LABEL DESCRIPTION VID This field displays the ID number of the VLAN group. Click the number to edit the VLAN settings. Active This field indicates whether the VLAN settings are enabled (Yes) or disabled (No). Name This field displays the descriptive name for this VLAN group. Delete Click Delete to remove the selected entry from the summary table. Cancel Click Cancel to clear the Delete check boxes.

7-10 VLAN 7.3 Introduction to Port-based VLANs Port-based VLANs are VLANs where the packet forwarding decision is based on the destination MAC address and its associated port. Port-based VLANs require allowed outgoing ports to be defined for each port. Therefore, if you wish to allow two subscriber ports to talk to each other, for example, between conference rooms in a hotel, you must define the egress (an egress port is an outgoing port, that is, a port through which a data packet leaves) for both ports. Port-based VLANs are specific only to the switch on which they were created. The port-based VLAN setup screen is shown next. The CPU management port forms a VLAN with all Ethernet ports. 7.3.1 Configuring a Port-based VLAN Select Port Based as the VLAN Type in the Switch Setup screen under Basic Setting and then click VLAN under Advanced Application to display the next screen.

7-12 VLAN Figure 7-9 Port Based VLAN Setup (Port isolation) The following table describes the labels in this screen.

VLAN 7-13 Table 7-6 Port Based VLAN Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Setting Wizard Choose from All connected or Port isolation. All connected means all ports can communicate with each other, that is, there are no virtual LANs. All incoming and outgoing ports are selected (Figure 7-8). This option is the most flexible but also the least secure. Port isolation means that each port can only communicate with the CPU management port and cannot communicate with each other. All incoming ports are selected while only the CPU outgoing port is selected (Figure 7-9). This option is the most limiting but also the most secure. After you make your selection, click Apply (top right of screen) to display the screens as mentioned above. You can still customize these settings by adding/deleting incoming or outgoing ports, but you must also click Apply at the bottom of the screen. Incoming These are the ingress ports; an ingress port is an incoming port, that is, a port through which a data packet enters. If you wish to allow two subscriber ports to talk to each other, you must define the ingress port for both ports. The numbers in the top row denote the incoming port for the corresponding port listed on the left (its outgoing port). CPU refers to the switch management port. By default it forms a VLAN with all Ethernet ports. If it does not form a VLAN with a particular port then the switch cannot be managed from that port. Outgoing These are the egress ports; an egress port is an outgoing port, that is, a port through which a data packet leaves. If you wish to allow two subscriber ports to talk to each other, you must define the egress port for both ports. CPU refers to the switch management port. By default it forms a VLAN with all Ethernet ports. If it does not form a VLAN with a particular port then the switch cannot be managed from that port. Apply Click Apply to save the changes, including the “wizard settings”. Cancel Click Cancel to start configuring the screen again.

Static MAC Forward Setup 8-1 Chapter 8 Static MAC Forward Setup Use these screens to configure static MAC address forwarding. 8.1 Introduction to Static MAC Forward Setup A static MAC address entry is an address that has been manually entered in the MAC address learning table. Static MAC addresses do not age out. When you set up static MAC address rules, you are setting static MAC addresses for a port. Devices that match static MAC address rules on a port can only receive traffic on that port and cannot receive traffic on other ports. This may reduce unicast flooding. 8.2 Configuring Static MAC Forwarding Click Static MAC Forwarding to display the configuration screen as shown. Figure 8-1 Static MAC Forwarding The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 8-1 Static MAC Forwarding LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to activate your rule. You may temporarily deactivate a rule without deleting it by clearing this check box. Name Enter a descriptive name for identification purposes for this static MAC address forwarding rule.

8-2 Static MAC Forward Setup Table 8-1 Static MAC Forwarding LABEL DESCRIPTION MAC Address Enter the MAC address in valid MAC address format, that is, six hexadecimal character pairs. Static MAC addresses do not age out. VID Enter the VLAN identification number. Port Select a port where the MAC address entered in the previous field will be automatically forwarded. Add Click Add to save the new rule to the switch. It then displays in the summary table at the bottom of the screen. Cancel Click Cancel to reset the fields to your previous configuration. Clear Click Clear to clear the fields to the factory defaults. 8.3 Viewing and Editing Static MAC Forwarding Rules To view a summary of the rule configuration, scroll down to the summary table at the bottom of the Static MAC Forwarding screen. To change the settings of a rule, click a number in the Index field. Figure 8-2 Static MAC Forwarding: Summary Table The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 8-2 Static MAC Forwarding: Summary Table LABEL DESCRIPTION Index Click an index number to modify a static MAC address rule for a port. Active This field displays whether this static MAC address forwarding rule is active (Yes) or not (No). You may temporarily deactivate a rule without deleting it. Name This field displays the descriptive name for identification purposes for this static MAC address- forwarding rule. MAC Address This field displays the MAC address that will be forwarded and the VLAN identification number to which the MAC address belongs. Port This field displays the port where the MAC address shown in the next field will be forwarded. Delete Check the rule(s) that you want to remove in the Delete column, then click the Delete button. Cancel Click Cancel to clear the selected checkboxes in the Delete column.

Filtering 9-1 This chapter discusses static IP and MAC address port filtering. 9.1 Introduction to Filtering Port filtering means sifting traffic from one or all ports to one or all ports based on the source and/or destination MAC addresses and VLAN group (ID). 9.1.1 Note About Configuration The following rules apply when configuring filtering. • The rule applies to traffic flowing in both directions if both a source and destination are specified. • The rule applies to traffic flowing in one direction if either a source or destination is specified. • No any-to-any rules are allowed. That is, you cannot select Ignore for both the source and destination ports. • No blank rules are allowed. If you do not select Ignore, you must set the related fields. • You can forward a MAC address to one port or all ports (All Ports) but not two different ports. 9.2 Configuring a Filtering Rule Click Filtering to display the screen as shown next. Chapter 9 Filtering

9-2 Filtering Figure 9-1 Filtering The following table describes the related labels in this screen. Table 9-1 Filtering LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Make sure to select this check box to activate your rule. You may temporarily deactivate a rule without deleting it by deselecting this check box. Name Type a descriptive name for this filter rule. This is for identification purpose only. Protocol Select the protocol type to which this rule applies. Source The next fields pertain to the source MAC address and source port. Ignore Click this check box to ignore any traffic from all source ports. MAC Address Type a MAC address in valid MAC address format, that is, six hexadecimal character pairs or click Any MAC /VID to apply the filter rule to all MAC addresses and VLAN groups.

Filtering 9-3 Table 9-1 Filtering LABEL DESCRIPTION VID Type the VLAN group identification number. The VID for the source and destination must be the same. Port Select the port to which the filter rule should be applied. You may choose one port only or all ports (All Ports). Destination The next fields pertain to the destination MAC address and destination port. Ignore Click this check box to ignore any traffic to all destination ports. MAC Address Type a MAC address in valid MAC address format, that is, six hexadecimal character pairs or click Any MAC/VID to apply the filter rule to all MAC addresses and VLAN groups. VID Type the VLAN group identification number. Port Select the port to which the filter rule should be applied. You may choose one port only or all ports (All Ports). Add Click Add to save the new rule to the switch. It then displays in the summary table at the bottom of the screen. Cancel Click Cancel to reset the fields to your previous configuration. Clear Click Clear to clear the fields to the factory defaults. 9.3 Viewing and Editing Filter Rules To view a summary of the rule configuration, scroll down to the summary table at the bottom of the Filtering screen. To change the settings of a rule, click a number in the Index field. Figure 9-2 Filtering: Summary Table The following table describes the labels in the summary table.

9-4 Filtering Table 9-2 Filtering: Summary Table LABEL DESCRIPTION Index This field displays the index number of the rule. Click an index number to edit the rule. Active This field displays Yes when the rule is activated and No when is it deactivated. Name This field displays the descriptive name for this rule. This is for identification purpose only. Source This field displays the source port number, the source MAC address with the VLAN identification number to which the MAC address belongs or a combination of the two. All Entries means all MAC addresses from all ports. Destination This field displays the destination port number, the destination MAC address with the VLAN identification number to which the MAC address belongs or a combination of the two. All Entries means all MAC addresses from all ports. Delete Check the rule(s) that you want to remove in the Delete column and then click the Delete button. Cancel Click Cancel to clear the selected checkboxes in the Delete column.

Spanning Tree Protocol 10-1 This chapter introduces the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP). 10.1 Introduction to Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) STP detects and breaks network loops and provides backup links between switches, bridges or routers. It allows a switch to interact with other STP-compliant switches in your network to ensure that only one route exists between any two stations on the network. 10.1.1 STP Terminology The root bridge is the base of the spanning tree; it is the bridge with the lowest identifier value (MAC address). Path cost is the cost of transmitting a frame onto a LAN through that port. It is assigned according to the speed of the link to which a port is attached. The slower the media, the higher the cost - see the next table. Table 10-1 STP Path Costs LINK SPEED RECOMMENDED VALUE RECOMMENDED RANGE ALLOWED RANGE Path Cost 4Mbps 250 100 to 1000 1 to 65535 Path Cost 10Mbps 100 50 to 600 1 to 65535 Path Cost 16Mbps 62 40 to 400 1 to 65535 Path Cost 100Mbps 19 10 to 60 1 to 65535 Path Cost 1Gbps 4 3 to 10 1 to 65535 Path Cost 10Gbps 2 1 to 5 1 to 65535 On each bridge, the root port is the port through which this bridge communicates with the root. It is the port on this switch with the lowest path cost to the root (the root path cost). If there is no root port, then this switch has been accepted as the root bridge of the spanning tree network. For each LAN segment, a designated bridge is selected. This bridge has the lowest cost to the root among the bridges connected to the LAN. 10.1.2 How STP Works After a bridge determines the lowest cost-spanning tree with STP, it enables the root port and the ports that are the designated ports for connected LANs, and disables all other ports that participate in STP. Network packets are therefore only forwarded between enabled ports, eliminating any possible network loops. STP-aware switches exchange Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs) periodically. When the bridged LAN topology changes, a new spanning tree is constructed. Chapter 10 Spanning Tree Protocol

10-2 Spanning Tree Protocol Once a stable network topology has been established, all bridges listen for Hello BPDUs (Bridge Protocol Data Units) transmitted from the root bridge. If a bridge does not get a Hello BPDU after a predefined interval (Max Age), the bridge assumes that the link to the root bridge is down. This bridge then initiates negotiations with other bridges to reconfigure the network to re-establish a valid network topology. 10.1.3 STP Port States STP assigns five port states (see next table) to eliminate packet looping. A bridge port is not allowed to go directly from blocking state to forwarding state so as to eliminate transient loops. Table 10-2 STP Port States PORT STATE DESCRIPTION Disabled STP is disabled (default). Blocking Only configuration and management BPDUs are received and processed. Listening All BPDUs are received and processed. Learning All BPDUs are received and processed. Information frames are submitted to the learning process but not forwarded. Forwarding All BPDUs are received and processed. All information frames are received and forwarded. 10.2 STP Status Click Advanced Application and then Spanning Tree Protocol in the navigation panel to display the STP status as shown in the screen next.

Spanning Tree Protocol 10-3 Figure 10-1 Spanning Tree Protocol: Status The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 10-3 Spanning Tree Protocol: Status LABEL DESCRIPTION Spanning Tree Protocol This field displays Running if STP is activated. Otherwise, it displays Down. Bridge Root refers to the base of the spanning tree (the root bridge). Our Bridge is this switch. This switch may also be the root bridge. Bridge ID This is the unique identifier for this bridge, consisting of bridge priority plus MAC address. This ID is the same for Root and Our Bridge if the switch is the root switch. Hello Time (second) This is the time interval (in seconds) at which the root switch transmits a configuration message. The root bridge determines Hello Time, Max Age and Forwarding Delay Max Age (second) This is the maximum time (in seconds) a switch can wait without receiving a configuration message before attempting to reconfigure.

10-4 Spanning Tree Protocol Table 10-3 Spanning Tree Protocol: Status LABEL DESCRIPTION Forwarding Delay (second) This is the time (in seconds) the root switch will wait before changing states (that is, listening to learning to forwarding). Cost to Bridge This is the path cost from the root port on this switch to the root switch. Port ID This is the priority and number of the port on the switch through which this switch must communicate with the root of the Spanning Tree. Topology Changed Times This is the number of times the spanning tree has been reconfigured. Time Since Last Change This is the time since the spanning tree was last reconfigured. Poll Interval(s) The text box displays how often (in seconds) this screen refreshes. You may change the refresh interval by typing a new number in the text box and then clicking Set Interval. Stop Click Stop to halt STP statistic polling. 10.2.1 Configuring STP To configure STP, click the Configuration link in the Spanning Tree Protocol screen as shown next.

Spanning Tree Protocol 10-5 Figure 10-2 Spanning Tree Protocol: Configuring

10-6 Spanning Tree Protocol The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 10-4 Spanning Tree Protocol: Configuring LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to activate STP. Bridge Priority Bridge priority is used in determining the root switch, root port and designated port. The switch with the highest priority (lowest numeric value) becomes the STP root switch. If all switches have the same priority, the switch with the lowest MAC address will then become the root switch. The allowed range is 0 to 65535. The lower the numeric value you assign, the higher the priority for this bridge. Bridge Priority determines the root bridge, which in turn determines Hello Time, Max Age and Forwarding Delay. Hello Time This is the time interval in seconds between BPDU (Bridge Protocol Data Units) configuration message generations by the root switch. The allowed range is 1 to 10 seconds. Max Age This is the maximum time (in seconds) a switch can wait without receiving a BPDU before attempting to reconfigure. All switch ports (except for designated ports) should receive BPDUs at regular intervals. Any port that ages out STP information (provided in the last BPDU) becomes the designated port for the attached LAN. If it is a root port, a new root port is selected from among the switch ports attached to the network. The allowed range is 6 to 40 seconds. Forwarding Delay This is the maximum time (in seconds) a switch will wait before changing states. This delay is required because every switch must receive information about topology changes before it starts to forward frames. In addition, each port needs time to listen for conflicting information that would make it return to a blocking state; otherwise, temporary data loops might result. The allowed range is 4 to 30 seconds. As a general rule: 2 * (Forward Delay - 1) >= Max Age >= 2 * (Hello Time + 1) Port This field displays the port number. Active Select this check box to activate STP on this port. Priority Configure the priority for each port here. Priority decides which port should be disabled when more than one port forms a loop in a switch. Ports with a higher priority numeric value are disabled first. The allowed range is between 0 and 255 and default value is 128. Path Cost Path cost is the cost of transmitting a frame on to a LAN through that port. It is assigned according to the speed of the bridge. The slower the media, the higher the cost - see Table 10-1 for more information. Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the switch. Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Bandwidth Control 11-1 Chapter 11 Bandwidth Control This chapter shows you how you can cap the maximum bandwidth allowed from specific source(s) to specified destination(s) using the Bandwidth Control setup screens. 11.1 Introduction to Bandwidth Control Bandwidth control means defining a maximum allowable bandwidth for traffic flows from specified source(s) to specified destination(s). Click Advanced Application and then Bandwidth Control in the navigation panel to bring up the screen as shown next. 11.1.1 Note About Configuration The following rules apply when configuring bandwidth control. • The rule applies to traffic flowing in both directions if both a source and destination are specified. • The rule applies to traffic flowing in one direction if either a source or destination is specified. • No any-to-any rules are allowed, that is, you cannot select Ignore for both the source and destination ports. • No port-to-port rules are allowed, that is, you cannot set the switch to perform bandwidth management between two ports on the same switch. • No blank rules are allowed. If you do not select Ignore, you must set the related fields.

11-2 Bandwidth Control Figure 11-1 Bandwidth Control The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 11-1 Bandwidth Control LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Make sure to select this check box to activate your rule. You may temporarily deactivate a rule without deleting it by deselecting this check box. Name Type a descriptive name for this rule. This is for identification purpose only. Maximum Bandwidth Type the maximum bandwidth allowed in kilobits per second (kbps) for this traffic flow. Protocol Select the protocol traffic to which this rule applies. Source The next fields pertain to the source MAC address and source port. Ignore Click this check box to ignore any traffic from all source ports.

Bandwidth Control 11-3 Table 11-1 Bandwidth Control LABEL DESCRIPTION MAC Address Select Any MAC/VID to apply the rule to all MAC address and VLAN group identification numbers. To specify a source, select the second choice and type a MAC address in valid MAC address format (six hexadecimal character pairs) and then enter the VLAN group identification number. VID Type the VLAN group identification number. The VID for the source and destination must be the same. Port Select the port to which the rule should be applied. You may choose one port only or all ports (All Ports). Destination The next fields pertain to the destination MAC address and destination port. Ignore Click this check box to ignore any traffic to all destination ports. MAC Address Select Any MAC/VID to apply the rule to all MAC address and VLAN group identification numbers. To specify a destination, select the second choice and type a MAC address in valid MAC address format (six hexadecimal character pairs) and then enter the VLAN group identification number. VID Type the VLAN group identification number. The VID for the source and destination must be the same. Port Select the port to which the rule should be applied. You may choose one port only or all ports (All Ports). Add Click Add to save the new rule to the switch. It then displays in the summary table at the bottom of the screen. Cancel Click Cancel to reset the fields to your previous configuration. Clear Click Clear to clear the fields to the factory defaults. 11.2 Viewing and Editing a Bandwidth Control Rule To view a summary of the rule configuration, scroll down to the summary table at the bottom of the Bandwidth Control screen. To change the settings of a rule, click a number in the Index field. Figure 11-2 Bandwidth Control: Summary Table