D-Link xStack DGS-3400 Series Manual 

Layer 2+ Gigabit Ethernet Managed Switch Release 2.6 .

INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................................................1 USING THE CONSOLE CLI.........................................................................................................................................3 COMMAND SYNTAX...................................................................................................................................................7 BASIC SWITCH COMMANDS.....................................................................................................................................9 SWITCH PORT COMMANDS....................................................................................................................................23 PORT SECURITY COMMANDS................................................................................................................................27 STACKING COMMANDS ..........................................................................................................................................31 NETWORK MANAGEMENT (SNMP) COMMANDS .................................................................................................35 SWITCH UTILITY COMMANDS ................................................................................................................................55 NETWORK MONITORING COMMANDS ..................................................................................................................67 MULTIPLE SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL (MSTP) COMMANDS .........................................................................82 FORWARDING DATABASE COMMANDS...............................................................................................................94 TRAFFIC CONTROL COMMANDS.........................................................................................................................102 QOS COMMANDS ...................................................................................................................................................106 PORT MIRRORING COMMANDS ...........................................................................................................................116 VLAN COMMANDS .................................................................................................................................................119 ISM VLAN COMMANDS..........................................................................................................................................130 LINK AGGREGATION COMMANDS.......................................................................................................................134 IP–MAC-PORT BINDING (IMPB) COMMANDS......................................................................................................139 IP COMMANDS (INCLUDING IPV6)........................................................................................................................151 IPV6 NEIGHBOR DISCOVERY COMMANDS.........................................................................................................158 IGMP SNOOPING COMMANDS..............................................................................................................................164 MLD SNOOPING COMMANDS...............................................................................................................................174 LIMITED IP MULTICAST ADDRESS (IGMP FILTERING)......................................................................................182 802.1X COMMANDS................................................................................................................................................185 ACCESS CONTROL LIST (ACL) COMMANDS......................................................................................................209 TIME RANGE COMMANDS.....................................................................................................................................230 SAFEGUARD ENGINE COMMANDS......................................................................................................................232 TRAFFIC SEGMENTATION COMMANDS..............................................................................................................235 TIME AND SNTP COMMANDS ...............................................................................................................................237 DHCP RELAY COMMANDS....................................................................................................................................242 ROUTING TABLE COMMANDS..............................................................................................................................253 MAC NOTIFICATION COMMANDS ........................................................................................................................258 ACCESS AUTHENTICATION CONTROL COMMANDS ........................................................................................262 SSH COMMANDS....................................................................................................................................................282 SSL COMMANDS ....................................................................................................................................................289 JUMBO FRAME COMMANDS ................................................................................................................................294

POE COMMANDS....................................................................................................................................................306 COMMAND HISTORY LIST.....................................................................................................................................312 MODIFY BANNER AND PROMPT COMMANDS ...................................................................................................315 JWAC COMMANDS.................................................................................................................................................318 CABLE DIAGNOSTICS COMMANDS.....................................................................................................................338 MAC-BASED VLAN COMMANDS ..........................................................................................................................339 LOOP-BACK DETECTION (LBD) GLOBAL COMMANDS ....................................................................................341 SERIAL NUMBER COMMANDS .............................................................................................................................346 802.1Q VLAN COMMANDS.....................................................................................................................................349 MAC-BASED ACCESS CONTROL (MAC) COMMANDS.......................................................................................355 Q-IN-Q COMMANDS................................................................................................................................................367 LLDP COMMANDS..................................................................................................................................................372 SFLOW.....................................................................................................................................................................386 DHCP SERVER COMMANDS .................................................................................................................................395 DHCP SERVER SCREENING COMMANDS...........................................................................................................408 RSPAN COMMANDS...............................................................................................................................................411 ACL FLOW METERING COMMANDS ....................................................................................................................416 LAYER 2 PROTOCOL TUNNELING (L2PT) COMMANDS ....................................................................................420 ARP AND GRATUITOUS ARP COMMANDS .........................................................................................................423 COMPOUND AUTHENTICATION COMMANDS.....................................................................................................430 WEB-BASED ACCESS CONTROL (WAC) COMMANDS......................................................................................436 PROTOCOL VLAN GROUP COMMANDS..............................................................................................................447 MULTICAST VLAN REPLICATION COMMANDS..................................................................................................452 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS..............................................................................................................................457

1 1 INTRODUCTION The xStack® DGS–3400 Series is a member of the D–Link xStack® switch family. xStack® is a complete family of stackable switches that range from edge 10/100Mbps switches to core Gigabit switches. xStack® provides unsurpassed performance, fault tolerance, scalable flexibility, robust security, standard–based interoperability and an impressive support for 10–Gigabit technology to future–proof departmental and enterprise network deployments with an easy migration path. The Switch can be managed through the Switch’s serial port, Telnet, or the Web–based management agent. The Command Line Interface (CLI) can be used to configure and manage the Switch via the serial port or Telnet interfaces. This manual provides a reference for all of the commands contained in the CLI. Configuration and management of the Switch via the Web–based management agent is discussed in the Manual. For detailed information on installing hardware please refer also to the Manual. Accessing the Switch via the Serial Port The Switch’s serial port’s default settings are as follows: • 115200 baud • no parity • 8 data bits • 1 stop bit A computer running a terminal emulation program capable of emulating a VT–100 terminal and a serial port configured as above is then connected to the Switch’s serial port via an RS–232 DB–9 cable. With the serial port properly connected to a management computer, the following screen should be visible. If this screen does not appear, try pressing Ctrl+r o refresh the console screen. DGS–3426 Gigabit Ethernet Switch Command Line Interface Firmware: Build 2.60.B26 Copyright(C) 2009 D–Link Corporation. All rights reserved. UserName: Figure 1–1. Initial CLI screen There is no initial username or password. Just press the Enter key twice to display the CLI input cursor − DGS–3426:5#. This is the command line where all commands are input. Setting the Switch’s IP Address Each Switch must be assigned its own IP Address, which is used for communication with an SNMP network manager or other TCP/IP application (for example BOOTP, TFTP). The Switch’s default IP address is 10.90.90.90. You can change the default Switch IP address to meet the specification of your networking address scheme. The Switch is also assigned a unique MAC address by the factory. This MAC address cannot be changed, and can be found on the initial boot console screen – shown below.

Boot Procedure 1.00–B13 –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––---------------------––––––––––––––––––– Power On Self Test........................................ 100 % MAC Address : 00–19–5B–3D–7C–D6 H/W Version : A2 Please wait, loading V2.60.B26 Runtime image...............100 % VART init..................................................100 % Device Discovery................_ Figure 1–2. Boot Screen The Switch’s MAC address can also be found in the Web management program on the Switch Information (Basic Settings) window on the Configuration menu. The IP address for the Switch must be set before it can be managed with the Web–based manager. The Switch IP address can be automatically set using BOOTP or DHCP protocols, in which case the actual address assigned to the Switch must be known. The IP address may be set using the Command Line Interface (CLI) over the console serial port as follows: 1. Starting at the command line prompt, enter the commands config ipif System ipaddress xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yyy.yyy.yyy.yyy. Where the x’s represent the IP address to be assigned to the IP interface named System and the y’s represent the corresponding subnet mask. 2. Alternatively, you can enter config ipif System ipaddress xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/z. Where the x’s represent the IP address to be assigned to the IP interface named System and the z represents the corresponding number of subnets in CIDR notation. The IP interface named System on the Switch can be assigned an IP address and subnet mask which can then be used to connect a management station to the Switch’s Telnet or Web–based management agent. DGS–3426:5#config ipif System ipaddress 10.73.21.35/255.0.0.0 Command:config ipif System ipaddress 10.73.21.35/8 Success. Figure 1–3. Assigning an IP Address In the above example, the Switch was assigned an IP address of 10.73.21.35 with a subnet mask of 255.0.0.0. The system message Success indicates that the command was executed successfully. The Switch can now be configured and managed via Telnet, SNMP MIB browser and the CLI or via the Web–based management agent using the above IP address to connect to the Switch. Note: The DGS–3400 series of switches have the capability to be configured for an IP address of 0.0.0.0, or, in essence, have no IP address. This function maybe used to disable Layer 3 functions of the Switch. When the IP address is set to 0.0.0.0 (invalid IP address), the Switch can only be managed through the console port or SIM. Other management applications such as Telnet, Web– based and SNMP cannot be used to manage the Switch when its IP address is 0.0.0.0. 2

2 USING THE CONSOLE CLI The Switch supports a console management interface that allows the user to connect to the Switch’s management agent via a serial port and a terminal or a computer running a terminal emulation program. The console can also be used over the network using the TCP/IP Telnet protocol. The console program can be used to configure the Switch to use an SNMP–based network management software over the network. This chapter describes how to use the console interface to access the Switch, change its settings, and monitor its operation. Note: Switch configuration settings are saved to non–volatile RAM using the save command. The current configuration will then be retained in the Switch’s NV–RAM, and reloaded when the Switch is rebooted. If the Switch is rebooted without using the save command, the last configuration saved to NV–RAM will be loaded. Connecting to the Switch The console interface is used by connecting the Switch to a VT100–compatible terminal or a computer running an ordinary terminal emulator program (e.g., the HyperTerminal program included with the Windows operating system) using an RS–232C serial cable. Your terminal parameters will need to be set to: • VT–100 compatible • 115200 baud • 8 data bits • No parity • One stop bit • No flow control Users may also access the same functions over a Telnet interface. Once you have set an IP address for your Switch, you can use a Telnet program (in VT–100 compatible terminal mode) to access and control the Switch. All of the screens are identical, whether accessed from the console port or from a Telnet interface. After the Switch reboots and you have logged in, the console looks like this: DGS–3426 Gigabit Ethernet Switch Command Line Interface Firmware: Build 2.60.B26 Copyright(C) 2009 D–Link Corporation. All rights reserved. UserName: Password: DGS–3426:5#_ Figure 2– 1. Initial Console Screen after logging in Commands are entered at the command prompt, DGS–3426:5#. There are a number of helpful features included in the CLI. Entering the ? command will display a list of all of the top–level commands. 3

4 ? cable_diag ports clear clear address_binding dhcp_snoop binding_entry ports clear arptable clear attack_log clear counters clear dhcp_binding clear fdb clear jwac auth_state clear log clear mac_based_access_control auth_state clear port_security_entry port clear wac auth_state config 802.1p default_priority config 802.1p user_priority config 802.1x auth_failover config 802.1x auth_mode config 802.1x auth_parameter ports config 802.1x auth_protocol config 802.1x authorization network radius CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page ENTER Next Entry a All Figure 2– 2. The ? Command When entering a command without its required parameters, the CLI will prompt you with a Next possible completions: message. DGS–3426:5#config account Command: confif account Next possible completions: DGS–3426:5# Figure 2– 3. Example Command Parameter Help In this case, the command config account was entered with the parameter . The CLI will then prompt to enter the with the message, Next possible completions:. Every command in the CLI has this feature, and complex commands have several layers of parameter prompting. In addition, after typing any given command plus one space, users can see all of the next possible sub–commands, in sequential order, by repeatedly pressing the Tab key. To re–enter the previous command at the command prompt, press the up arrow cursor key. The previous command will appear at the command prompt.

5 DGS–3426:5#config account Command: confif account Next possible completions: DGS–3426:5#config account Command: confif account Next possible completions: DGS–3426:5# Figure 2– 4. Using the Up Arrow to Re–enter a Command In the above example, the command config account was entered without the required parameter , the CLI returned the Next possible completions: prompt. The up arrow cursor control key was pressed to re–enter the previous command (config account) at the command prompt. Now the appropriate username can be entered and the config account command re–executed. All commands in the CLI function in this way. In addition, the syntax of the help prompts are the same as presented in this manual − angle brackets < > indicate a numerical value or character string, braces { } indicate optional parameters or a choice of parameters, and brackets [ ] indicate required parameters. If a command is entered that is unrecognized by the CLI, the top–level commands will be displayed under the Available commands: prompt. DGS–3426:5#the Available commands: .. ? cable_diag clear config create debug delete disable download enable login logout no ping ping6 reboot reconfig reset save show telnet upload DGS–3426:5# Figure 2– 5. Available Commands The top–level commands consist of commands such as show or config. Most of these commands require one or more parameters to narrow the top–level command. This is equivalent to show what? or config what? Where the what? is the next parameter. For example, entering the show command with no additional parameters, the CLI will then display all of the possible next parameters.

6 DGS–3426:5#show Command: show Next possible completions: 802.1p 802.1x access_profile account Accounting acct_client address_binding arpentry attack_log auth_client auth_diagnostics auth_session_statistics auth_statistics authen authen_enable authen_login authen_policy authentication authorization autoconfig bandwidth_control bpdu_tunnel dhcp dhcp_binding dhcp_relay dhcp_server dot1v_protocol_group double_vlan error fdb filter firmware flow_meter gratuitous_arp greeting_message gvrp hol_prevention igmp_snooping ipfdb ipif ipif_vlan_replication_entry iproute ipv6 ipv6route jumbo_frame jwac lacp_port limited link_aggregation lldp log log_save_timing loopdetect mac_based_access_control mac_based_access_control_local mac_based_vlan mac_notification mirror mld_snooping module_info multicast multicast_fdb packet port port_security ports pvid qinq radius router_ports rspan safeguard_engine scheduling scheduling_mechanism serial_port session Sflow sim snmp sntp ssh ssl stack_device stack_information stacking_mode stp switch syslog system_severity time time_range traffic traffic_segmentation trusted_host utilization vlan vlan_translation wac DGS–3426:5# Figure 2– 6. Next possible completions: Show Command In the above example, all of the possible next parameters for the show command are displayed. At the next command prompt, the up arrow was used to re–enter the show command, followed by the account parameter. The CLI then displays the user accounts configured on the Switch.

3 COMMAND SYNTAX The following symbols are used to describe how command entries are made and values and arguments are specified in this manual. The online help contained in the CLI and available through the console interface uses the same syntax. Note: All commands are case–sensitive. Be sure to disable Caps Lock or any other unwanted function that changes text case. Purpose Encloses a variable or value that must be specified. Syntax create account [admin |operator | user] Description In the above syntax example, users must supply a username in the space. Do not type the angle brackets. Example Command create account admin newadmin1 [square brackets] Purpose Encloses a required value or set of required arguments. One value or argument can be specified. Syntax create account [admin |operator | user] In the above syntax example, users must specify either an admin or a user level account to be created. Do not type the square brackets. Description Example Command create account user newuser1 | vertical bar Purpose Separates two or more mutually exclusive items in a list, one of which must be entered. Syntax create account [admin |operator | user] In the above syntax example, users must specify either admin, or user. Do not type the vertical bar. Description Example Command create account user newuser1 {braces} Purpose Encloses an optional value or set of optional arguments. Syntax reset {[config | system]} In the above syntax example, users have the option to specify config or system. It is not necessary to specify either optional value, however the effect of the system reset is dependent on which, if any, value is specified. Therefore, with this example there are three possible outcomes of performing a system reset. Do not type the braces. Description Example command reset config 7

8 (parentheses) Purpose Indicates at least one or more of the values or arguments in the preceding syntax enclosed by braces must be specified. Syntax config dhcp_relay {hops | time }(1) Description In the above syntax example, users have the option to specify hops or time or both of them. The "(1)" following the set of braces indicates at least one argument or value within the braces must be specified. Do not type the parentheses. Example command config dhcp_relay hops 3 Line Editing Key Usage Delete Deletes the character under the cursor and then shifts the remaining characters in the line to the left. Backspace Deletes the character to the left of the cursor and then shifts the remaining characters in the line to the left. Insert or Ctrl+R Toggle on and off. When toggled on, inserts text and shifts previous text to the right. Left Arrow Moves the cursor to the left. Right Arrow Moves the cursor to the right. Up Arrow Repeats the previously entered command. Each time the up arrow is pressed, the command previous to that displayed appears. This way it is possible to review the command history for the current session. Use the down arrow to progress sequentially forward through the command history list. Down Arrow The down arrow will display the next command in the command history entered in the current session. This displays each command sequentially as it was entered. Use the up arrow to review previous commands. Tab Shifts the cursor to the next field to the left. Multiple Page Display Control Keys Space Displays the next page. CTRL+c Stops the display of remaining pages when multiple pages are to be displayed. ESC Stops the display of remaining pages when multiple pages are to be displayed. n Displays the next page. p Displays the previous page. q Stops the display of remaining pages when multiple pages are to be displayed. r Refreshes the pages currently displayed. a Displays the remaining pages without pausing between pages. Enter Displays the next line or table entry.

9 4 BASIC SWITCH COMMANDS The basic switch commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters create account [admin | operator | user] config account {encrypt [plain_text| sha_1] } show account delete account {} enable password encryption disable password encryption show module_info show device_status show session show switch show serial_port config serial_port {baud_rate [9600 | 19200 | 38400 | 115200] auto_logout [never | 2_minutes | 5_minutes | 10_minutes | 15_minutes]} (1) enable clipaging disable clipaging telnet {tcp_port } enable telnet disable telnet enable web disable web save {[config | log | all]} reboot {} reset {[config | system]} {} login logout create trusted_host [ | network ] delete trusted_host [ipaddr | network | all] show trusted_host {}

Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. create account Purpose Used to create user accounts. Syntax create account [admin | operator | user] Description This command is used to create user accounts that consist of a case sensitive username of 1 to 15 characters and a case sensitive password of 0 to 15 characters. Up to 8 user accounts can be created. Parameters [admin | operator | user] Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Usernames can be between 1 and 15 characters. Passwords can be between 0 and 15 characters. Example usage: To create an administrator-level user account with the username “dlink”. DGS–3426:5#create account admin dlink Command: create account admin dlink Enter a case-sensitive new password:**** Enter the new password again for confirmation:**** Success. DGS–3426:5# NOTICE: In case of lost passwords or password corruption, please refer to the Appendix B at the end of this manual, which will guide you through the steps necessary to resolve this issue. config account Purpose Used to configure user accounts Syntax config account {encrypt [plain_text| sha_1] } Description When the password information is not specified in the command, the system will prompt the user to input the password interactively. For this case, the user can only input the plain text password. If the password is present in the command, the user can select to input the password in the plain text form or in the encrypted form. The encryption algorithm is based on SHA-I. Parameters − Name of the account. The account must already be defined. plain_text − Select to specify the password in plain text form. sha_1 − Select to specify the password in the SHA-I encrypted form. password − The password for the user account. The length for of password in plain-text form and in encrypted form are different. For the plain-text form, passwords must have a minimum of 0 character and can have a maximum of 15 characters. For the encrypted form password, the length is fixed to 35 bytes long. The password is case-sensitive. Restrictions Only Administrator level users can issue this command. Usernames can be between 1 and 15 characters. Passwords can be between 0 and 15 characters. Example usage: 10

11 To configure the user password of “dlink” account: DGS–3426:5#config account dlink Command: config account dlink Enter a old password:**** Enter a case-sensitive new password:**** Enter the new password again for confirmation:**** Success. DGS–3426:5# show account Purpose Used to display user accounts. Syntax show account Description This command displays all user accounts created on the Switch. Up to eight user accounts can exist at one time. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To display the accounts that have been created: DGS–3426:5#show account Command: show account Current Accounts: Username Access Level --------------- ------------ dlink Admin Total Entries: 1 DGS–3426:5# delete account Purpose Used to delete an existing user account. Syntax delete account {} Description This command deletes an existing entry. Parameters − Name of the user who will be deleted. - yes | no Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete the user account “dgallinari”: DES-3528:5#delete account dgallinari Command: delete account dgallinari Success. DES-3528:5#

12 enable password encryption Purpose Used to enable password encryption. Syntax enable password encryption Description The user account configuration information will be stored in the configuration file, and can be applied to the system later. If the password encryption is enabled, the password will be in encrypted form. When password encryption is disabled, if the user specifies the password in plain text form, the password will be in plain text form. However, if the user specifies the password in encrypted form, or if the password has been converted to encrypted form by the last enable password encryption command, the password will still be in the encrypted form. It cannot be reverted to the plain text form. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable password encryption: DGS–3426:5#enable password encryption Command: enable password encryption Success. DGS–3426:5# disable password encryption Purpose Used to disable password encryption. Syntax disable password encryption Description The user account configuration information will be stored in the configuration file, and can be applied to the system later. If the password encryption is enabled, the password will be in encrypted form. When password encryption is disabled, if the user specifies the password in plain text form, the password will be in plan text form. However, if the user specifies the password in encrypted form, or if the password has been converted to encrypted form by the last enable password encryption command, the password will still be in the encrypted form. It cannot be reverted to the plain text form. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable password encryption: DGS–3426:5#disable password encryption Command: disable password encryption Success. DGS–3426:5#

13 show module_info Purpose Used to display information about installed modules. Syntax show module_info Description Displays information about optional modules that may be installed on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display information about installed modules: DGS–3426:5# show module_info Command: show module_info BOX ID Module Name Rev. Serial Description ID No. ––– –– ––––––––––––– –––– –––––––––– ––––––––––––––––––––––––– 1 1 DEM–410X A0 PA5A5A5A5 1 Port XFP Module 1 2 DEM–410X A0 PA5A5A5A5 1 Port XFP Module DGS–3426:5# show device_status Purpose Used to display current status of fans and power or power supplies on the system. Syntax show device_status Description This command displays the current status of power(s) and fan(s) on the system. There is a status display for all the fans on the Switch. If all fans are working normally, there will a corresponding “OK” in the Fan display field. If any fan fails there will be a corresponding fail message in the Fan display field, such as “1,3 Fail”. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display status of fans and power supply: DGS-3426P:5#show device_status Command: show device_status Unit 1: Internal Power: Active External Power: Fail Left Fan : OK Right Fan : OK Back Fan : OK CPU Fan : --- CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh

14 show session Purpose Used to display a list of currently logged–in users. Syntax show session Description This command displays a list of all the users that are logged–in at the time the command is issued. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To display the way that the users logged in: DGS–3427:4#show session Command: show session ID Live Time From Level Name ––– ––––––––––– ––––––––– ––––– –––––––––– 8 0:8:48.860 Serial Port 4 Anonymous Total Entries: 1 CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh show switch Purpose Used to display general information about the Switch. Syntax show switch Description This command displays information about the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the Switch’s information:

15 DGS–3426:5#show switch Command: show switch Device Type : DGS–3426 Gigabit Ethernet Switch MAC Address : 00–01–02–03–04–05 IP Address : 172.18.211.246 (Manual) VLAN Name : default Subnet Mask : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway : 0.0.0.0 Boot PROM Version : Build 1.00–B13 Firmware Version : Build 2.60.B26 Hardware Version : A2 System Name : System Location : System Contact : Spanning Tree : Disabled GVRP : Disabled IGMP Snooping : Disabled MLD Snooping : Disabled TELNET : Enabled (TCP 23) WEB : Enabled (TCP 80) SNMP : Disabled RMON : Disabled SSL status : Disabled SSH status : Disabled 802.1x : Disabled Jumbo Frame : Off Clipaging : Enabled MAC Notification : Disabled Port Mirror : Disabled SNTP : Disabled HOL Prevention State : Enabled Syslog Global State : Disabled Single IP Management : Disabled Dual Image : Supported Password Encryption Status : Disabled CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page ENTER Next Entry a All show serial_port Purpose Used to display the current serial port settings. Syntax show serial_port Description This command displays the current serial port settings. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the serial port setting:

16 DGS–3427:4#show serial_port Command: show serial_port Baud Rate : 115200 Data Bits : 8 Parity Bits : None Stop Bits : 1 Auto–Logout : 10 mins DGS–3427:4# config serial_port Purpose Used to configure the serial port. Syntax config serial_port {baud_rate [9600 | 19200 | 38400 | 115200] | auto_logout [never | 2_minutes | 5_minutes | 10_minutes | 15_minutes]} (1) Description This command is used to configure the serial port’s baud rate and auto logout settings. Parameters baud_rate [9600 | 19200 | 38400 | 115200]− The serial bit rate that will be used to communicate with the management host. There are four options: 9600, 19200, 38400, 115200. never − No time limit on the length of time the console can be open with no user input. 2_minutes − The console will log out the current user if there is no user input for 2 minutes. 5_minutes − The console will log out the current user if there is no user input for 5 minutes. 10_minutes − The console will log out the current user if there is no user input for 10 minutes. 15_minutes − The console will log out the current user if there is no user input for 15 minutes. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure baud rate: DGS–3426:5#config serial_port baud_rate 115200 Command: config serial_port baud_rate 115200 Success. DGS–3426:5# enable clipaging Purpose Used to pause the scrolling of the console screen when a command displays more than one page. Syntax enable clipaging Description This command is used when issuing a command which causes the console screen to rapidly scroll through several pages. This command will cause the console to pause at the end of each page. The default setting is enabled. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable pausing of the screen display when the show command output reaches the end of the page:

17 DGS–3426:5#enable clipaging Command: enable clipaging Success. DGS–3426:5# disable clipaging Purpose Used to disable the pausing of the console screen scrolling at the end of each page when a command displays more than one screen of information. Syntax disable clipaging Description This command is used to disable the pausing of the console screen at the end of each page when a command would display more than one screen of information. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable pausing of the screen display when a command output reaches the end of the page: DGS–3426:5#disable clipaging Command: disable clipaging Success. DGS–3426:5# telnet Purpose Specifies to instruct the Telnet client to connect to the specific Telnet server. Syntax {tcp_port } Description This command will instruct the Telnet client to connect to the specific Telnet server. The parameters specified by the command will only be used for the establishment of this specific session. They will not affect other sessions. Parameters ipaddr – The IP address of the Telnet server. tcp_port – Specifies the Telnet server port number to be connected. If not specified, the default port is 23. Restrictions None. Example usage: To enable Telnet: DGS–3426:5#telnet 172.18.211.252 23 linemode Command: telnet 172.18.211.252 23 linemode Success DGS–3426:5#

18 enable telnet Purpose Used to enable communication with and management of the Switch using the Telnet protocol. Syntax enable telnet Description This command is used to enable the Telnet protocol on the Switch. The user can specify the TCP or UDP port number the Switch will use to listen for Telnet requests. Parameters − The TCP port number. TCP ports are numbered between 1 and 65535. The “well–known” TCP port for the Telnet protocol is 23. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable Telnet and configure the port number: DGS–3426:5#enable telnet 23 Command: enable telnet 23 Success. DGS–3426:5# disable telnet Purpose Used to disable the Telnet protocol on the Switch. Syntax disable telnet Description This command is used to disable the Telnet protocol on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable the Telnet protocol on the Switch: DGS–3426:5#disable telnet Command: disable telnet Success. DGS–3426:5# enable web Purpose Used to enable the HTTP–based management software on the Switch. Syntax enable web Description This command is used to enable the Web–based management software on the Switch. Parameters − The TCP port number. TCP ports are numbered between 1 and 65535. The “well–known” port for the Web–based management software is 80. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable HTTP and configure port number:

19 DGS–3426:5#enable web 80 Command: enable web 80 Note: SSL will be disabled if web is enabled. Success. DGS–3426:5# disable web Purpose Used to disable the HTTP–based management software on the Switch. Syntax disable web Description This command disables the Web–based management software on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable HTTP: DGS–3426:5#disable web Command: disable web Success. DGS–3426:5# save Purpose Used to save changes in the Switch’s configuration to non–volatile RAM. Syntax save {[config | log | all]} Description This command is used to enter the current switch configuration into non–volatile RAM. The saved switch configuration will be loaded into the Switch’s memory each time the Switch is restarted. Parameters config – Specify to save current settings to configuration file 1 or 2. log – Specify to save current Switch log to NV–RAM. all – Specify to save all configuration settings. If nothing is specified after “save”, the Switch will save all. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To save the Switch’s current configuration to non–volatile RAM: DGS–3426:5#save Command: save Saving all configurations to NV–RAM... Done. DGS–3426:5#

20 reboot Purpose Used to restart the Switch. Syntax reboot {} Description This command is used to restart the Switch. Parameters – This parameter is used to perform the command without prompt if a user enters /y for yes or /n for no. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To restart the Switch: DGS–3426:5#reboot Command: reboot Are you sure want to proceed with the system reboot? (y|n) Please wait, the switch is rebooting... reset Purpose Used to reset the Switch to the factory default settings. Syntax reset {[config | system]} {} Description This command is used to restore the Switch’s configuration to the default settings assigned from the factory. Parameters config − If the keyword ‘config’ is specified, all of the factory default settings are restored on the Switch including the IP address, user accounts, the switch history log and banner. The Switch will not save or reboot. system − If the keyword ‘system’ is specified all of the factory default settings are restored on the Switch. The Switch will save and reboot after the settings are changed to default. Rebooting will clear all entries in the Forwarding Data Base. If no parameter is specified, the Switch’s current IP address, user accounts, the switch history log and banner are not changed. All other parameters are restored to the factory default settings. The Switch will not save or reboot. - This parameter is used to perform the command without prompt if a user enters /y for yes or /n for no. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To restore all of the Switch’s parameters to their default values: DGS–3426:5#reset config Command: reset config Are you sure to proceed with system reset except Stacking Information, IP address, log, user account and banner?(y/n)y Success. DGS–3426:5#

21 login Purpose Used to log in a user to the Switch’s console. Syntax login Description This command is used to initiate the login procedure. The user will be prompted for a Username and Password. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To initiate the login procedure: DGS–3426:5#login Command: login UserName: create trusted_host Purpose Used to create the trusted host. Syntax create trusted_host [ | network ] Description This command creates the trusted host. The Switch allows specification of up to four IP addresses that are allowed to manage the Switch via in–band SNMP or Telnet-based management software. These IP addresses must be members of the Management VLAN. If no IP addresses are specified, then there is nothing to prevent any IP address from accessing the Switch, provided the user knows the Username and Password. Parameters − The IP address of the trusted host to be created. − The network address of the trusted network. The form of network address is xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/y. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create a trusted host: DGS-3426:5#create trusted_host network 10.23.23.23/8 Command: create trusted_host network 10.23.23.23/8 Success. DGS-3426:5# show trusted_host Purpose Used to display a list of trusted hosts entered on the Switch using the create trusted_host command above. Syntax show trusted_host {} Description This command is used to display a list of trusted hosts entered on the Switch using the create trusted_host command above. Parameters − The network address of the trusted host to be viewed. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the list of trusted hosts:

22 DGS-3426:5#show trusted_host Command: show trusted_host Management Stations IP Address --------------- 10.0.0.0/8 Total Entries: 1 DGS-3426:5# delete trusted_host Purpose Used to delete a trusted host entry made using the create trusted_host command above. Syntax delete trusted _host [ipaddr [ipaddr | network | all] Description This command is used to delete a trusted host entry made using the create trusted_host command above. Parameters − The IP address of the trusted host. − The network address of the trusted network. − Delete all trusted hosts. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete a trusted host with an IP address 10.48.74.121: DGS–3426:5#delete trusted_host ipaddr 10.48.74.121 Command: delete trusted_host 10.48.74.121 Success. DGS–3426:5# logout Purpose Used to log out a user from the Switch’s console. Syntax logout Description This command terminates the current user’s session on the Switch’s console. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To terminate the current user’s console session: DGS–3426:5#logout

23 5 SWITCH PORT COMMANDS The switch port commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters config ports [ | all ] {medium_type [fiber | copper]} {speed [auto {capability_advertised {10_half | 10_full | 100_half | 100_full | 1000_full} (1) } | 10_half | 10_full | 100_half | 100_full | 1000_full { [master | slave]}] | auto_negotiation restart_an | flow_control [enable | disable] | learning [enable | disable ] | state [enable | disable] | [description | clear_description]} (1) show ports {} { [ description | err_disabled |auto_negotiation |details | media_type] } Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. config ports Purpose Used to configure the Switch’s Ethernet port settings. Syntax [ | all ] {medium_type [fiber | copper]} {speed [auto {capability_advertised {10_half | 10_full | 100_half | 100_full | 1000_full} (1) } | 10_half | 10_full | 100_half | 100_full | 1000_full { [master | slave] } ] | auto_negotiation restart_an | flow_control [enable | disable] | learning [enable | disable ] | state [enable | disable] | [description | clear_description]} (1) Description This command allows for the configuration of the Switch’s Ethernet ports. Only the ports listed in the will be affected. Parameters all − Configure all ports on the Switch. − Specifies a port or range of ports to be configured. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3–2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Non–contiguous portlist entries are separated by a comma. (ex: 1:1–1:3,1:7–1:9) medium_type [fiber | copper] – This applies only to the Combo ports. If configuring the Combo ports this defines the type of transport medium used. speed – Allows the user to adjust the speed for a port or range of ports. The user has a choice of the following: • auto − Enables auto–negotiation for the specified range of ports. • capability advertised – Configures the capability that advertises to the link partner to determine the fastest available auto setting. • [10 | 100 | 1000] − Configures the speed in Mbps for the specified range of ports. Gigabit ports are statically set to 1000 and cannot be set to slower speeds. • [half | full] − Configures the specified range of ports as either full–duplex or half– duplex. • [master | slave] – The master setting (1000M/Full_M) will allow the port to advertise capabilities related to duplex, speed and physical layer type. The master setting will also determine the master and slave relationship between the two connected physical layers. This relationship is necessary for establishing the timing control between the two physical layers. The timing control is set on a master physical layer by a local source. The slave setting (1000M/Full_S) uses loop timing, where the timing comes form a data stream received from the master. If one connection is set for 1000M/Full_M, the other side of the connection must be set for 1000M/Full_S. Any other configuration will result in a link down status for both ports.

24 config ports auto_negotiation restart_an - Restart the auto-negotiation process. flow_control [enable | disable] – Enable or disable flow control for the specified ports. learning [enable | disable] − Enables or disables the MAC address learning on the specified range of ports. state [enable | disable] − Enables or disables the specified range of ports. description – Enter an alphanumeric string of no more than 32 characters to describe a selected port interface. clear_description – Enter this command to clear the port description of the selected port(s). Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the speed of port 3 of switch 1 to be 10 Mbps, full duplex, with learning and state enabled: DGS-3426P:5#config ports 1:1-1:3 speed 10_full learning enable flow_control enable Command: config ports 1:1-1:3 speed 10_full learning enable flow_control enable Success. DGS-3426P:5# show ports Purpose Used to display the current configuration of a range of ports. Syntax show ports {} { [ description | err_disabled |auto_negotiation |details | media_type] } Description This command is used to display the current configuration of a range of ports. Parameters − Specifies a port or range of ports to be displayed. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3–2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Non–contiguous portlist entries are separated by a comma. (ex: 1:1–1:3,1:7–1:9) description – Adding this parameter to the show ports command indicates that a previously entered port description will be included in the display. err_disabled – Use this to list disabled ports including connection status and reason for being disabled. auto_negotiation – Indicate if port auto negotiation information will be included in the display. details – Indicates if port detail information will be included in the display. media_type – Specifies to display the port transceiver type. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the configuration of all ports on the switch:

25 DGS–3426:5#show ports Command: show ports Port Port Settings Connection Address State Speed/Duplex/FlowCtrl Speed/Duplex/FlowCtrl Learning ––––––– –––––––– ––––––––––––––––––––– –––––––––––––––––––––– ––––––––– 1:1 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 1:2 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 1:3 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 1:4 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 1:5 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 1:6 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 1:7 Enabled Auto/Disabled 1000M/Full/None Enabled 1:8 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 1:9 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 1:10 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 1:11 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 1:12 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 1:13 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 1:14 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 1:15 Enabled Auto/Disabled 100M/Full/None Enabled 1:16 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 1:17 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 1:18 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 1:19 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh Example usage: To display the description of all ports on switch one:

26 DGS–3426:5#show ports description Command: show ports description Port Port Settings Connection Address State Speed/Duplex/FlowCtrl Speed/Duplex/FlowCtrl Learning ––––––– –––––––– ––––––––––––––––––––– –––––––––––––––––––––– ––––––––– 1:1 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled Description: 1:2 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled Description: 1:3 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled Description: 1:4 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled Description: 1:5 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled Description: 1:6 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled Description: 1:7 Enabled Auto/Disabled 1000M/Full/None Enabled Description: 1:8 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled Description: 1:9 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled Description: CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh

27 6 PORT SECURITY COMMANDS The Switch’s port security commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters config port_security ports [ | all] {admin_state [enable| disable] | max_learning_addr | lock_address_mode [Permanent | DeleteOnTimeout | DeleteOnReset]} (1) delete port_security_entry vlan name port mac_address clear port_security_entry port show port_security {ports } Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. config port_security ports Purpose Used to configure port security settings. Syntax config port_security ports [ | all] {admin_state [enable| disable] | max_learning_addr | lock_address_mode [Permanent | DeleteOnTimeout | DeleteOnReset]} (1) Description This command allows for the configuration of the port security feature. Only the ports listed in the are affected. Parameters portlist − Specifies a port or range of ports to be configured. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3–2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Non–contiguous portlist entries are separated by a comma. (ex: 1:1–1:3,1:7–1:9) all − Configure port security for all ports on the Switch. admin_state [enable | disable] – Enable or disable port security for the listed ports. max_learning_addr – Use this to limit the number of MAC addresses dynamically learned in the FDB for the ports. lock_address_mode [Permanent | DeleteOnTimeout | DeleteOnReset] – Indicates the method of locking addresses. The user has three choices: ƒ Permanent – The locked addresses will not age out after the aging timer expires or the switch restarts. ƒ DeleteOnTimeout – The locked addresses will age out after the aging timer expires. ƒ DeleteOnReset – The locked addresses will not age out until the Switch has been reset or restarted. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure port security:

28 DGS–3426:5#config port_security ports 1:1–1:5 admin_state enable max_learning_addr 5 lock_address_mode DeleteOnReset Command: config port_security ports 1:1–1:5 admin_state enable max_learning_addr 5 lock_address_mode DeleteOnReset Success. DGS–3426:5# delete port_security_entry Purpose Used to delete a port security entry by MAC address, port number and VLAN ID. Syntax delete port_security_entry_vlan_name port mac_address Description This command is used to delete a single, previously learned port security entry by port, VLAN name, and MAC address. This command will only take effect if the lock address mode set using the config port_security ports command is set as permanent or delete on reset. Parameters vlan name – Enter the corresponding VLAN name of the port to delete. port – Enter the port number which has learned the previously entered MAC address. The port is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. mac_address – Enter the corresponding MAC address, previously learned by the port, to delete. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete a port security entry: DGS–3426:5#delete port_security_entry vlan_name default port 1:6 mac_address 00–01–30–10–2C–C7 Command: delete port_security_entry vlan_name default port 1:6 mac_address 00– 01–30–10–2C–C7 Success. DGS–3426:5#

29 clear port_security_entry Purpose Used to clear MAC address entries learned from a specified port for the port security function. Syntax clear port_security_entry port Description This command is used to clear MAC address entries which were learned by the Switch by a specified port. This command only relates to the port security function. This command will only take effect if the lock address mode set using the config port_security ports command is set as permanent or delete on reset. Parameters − Specifies a port or port range to clear. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3–2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Non–contiguous portlist entries are separated by a comma. (ex: 1:1–1:3,1:7–1:9) Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To clear a port security entry by port: DGS–3426:5# clear port_security_entry port 1:6 Command: clear port_security_entry port 1:6 Success. DGS–3426:5# show port_security Purpose Used to display the current port security configuration. Syntax show port_security {ports } Description This command is used to display port security information of the Switch’s ports. The information displayed includes port security, admin state, maximum number of learning address and lock mode. Parameters − Specifies a port or range of ports to be viewed. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3–2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Non–contiguous portlist entries are separated by a comma. (ex: 1:1–1:3,1:7–1:9) Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the port security configuration:

30 DGS–3426:5#show port_security ports 1:1–1:5 Command: show port_security ports 1:1–1:5 Port Admin State Max. Learning Addr. Lock Address Mode –––– ––––––––––– ––––––––––––––––––– ––––––––––––––––– 1 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 2 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 3 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 4 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 5 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh

31 7 STACKING COMMANDS The stacking configuration commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters config box_priority current_box_id priority config box_id current_box_id new_box_id [auto | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12] show stack_information config stacking mode [disable | enable] {} show stacking mode show stack_device Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. config box_priority Purpose Used to configure box priority, which determines which box becomes the priority master. Lower numbers denote a higher priority. Syntax config box_priority {current_box_id priority } Description This command configures box (switch) priority. Parameters current_box_id – Identifies the Switch being configured. Range is 1–12. priority – Assigns a priority value to the box, with lower numbers having higher priority. The possible priority range is 1–63. This field is important when the stacking mode is automatically configured. Users who wish a certain switch become the primary master of the switch stack should configure their choice for the priority master switch to have the highest priority (and in essence the lowest number). Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Usage example: To configure box priority: DGS–3426:5#config box_priority current_box_id 1 priority 1 Command: config box_priority current_box_id 1 priority 1 Success. DGS–3426:5# config box_id Purpose Used to configure box ID. Users can use this command to reassign box IDs. Syntax config box_id {current_box_id new_box_id [auto | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12]} Description This command will assign box IDs to switches in a stack. Parameters current_box_id – Identifies the Switch being configured. Range is 1–12. new_box_id – The new ID being assigned to the Switch (box). Range is 1–12. • auto – Allows the box ID to be assigned automatically. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command.

32 Usage example: To change a box ID: DGS–3426:5#config box_id current_box_id 1 new_box_id 2 Command: config box_id current_box_id 1 new_box_id 2 Success. DGS–3426:5# show stack_information Purpose Used to display the stack information table. Syntax show stack_information Description This command display stack information. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Usage example: To display stack information: DGS–3426:5#show stack_information Command: show stack_information Topology :Duplex_Chain My Box ID :1 Master ID :1 BK Master ID :1 Box Count :1 Box User Prio– Prom Runtime H/W ID Set Type Exist rity MAC Version Version Version ––– –––– –––––––––––– ––––– –––– –––––––––––––––––– –––––––– –––––––– –––––––– 1 AUTO DGS–3426 Exist 32 00–19–5B–3D–7C–D6 1.00–B13 2.60–B26 A2 2 – Not_Exist No 3 – Not_Exist No 4 – Not_Exist No 5 – Not_Exist No 6 – Not_Exist No 7 – Not_Exist No 8 – Not_Exist No 9 – Not_Exist No 10 – Not_Exist No 11 – Not_Exist No CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page ENTER Next Entry a All

config stacking mode Purpose Used to configure the stacking mode. Syntax config stacking mode [disable | enable] {} Description This command will enable or disable the stacking mode for the switch. When enabled, the 10G ports on the rear of the switch will be enabled for stacking. Parameters enable | disable – Use these parameters to enable or disable the stacking mode for the switch. Once this command is executed, it will cause the switch to reboot. This mode cannot be changed when the switch is currently stacked with other switches. – This parameter is used to perform the command without prompt if a user enters /y for yes or /n for no. Restrictions Only Administrator-level and Operator-level users can issue this command. NOTE: Only ports 26 and 27 of the DGS–3427 support stacking. Port 25 cannot be used for stacking, and is to be used only as a 10– Gigabit uplink port. Usage example: To disable the stacking mode: DGS–3426:5#config stacking mode disable Command: config stacking mode disable Change Box bootmode may cause devices work restart, still continue? (y/n)y show stacking mode Purpose Used to view the current stacking mode. Syntax show stacking mode Description This command will display whether the current stacking mode is enabled or disabled. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Usage example: To view the current stacking mode: DGS–3426:5#show stacking mode Command: show stacking mode Stacking mode : Enabled DGS–3426:5# show stack_device Purpose Used to display the information for stacking devices. Syntax show stack_device Description This command will display stack device information. Parameters None. Restrictions None. 33

34 Usage example: To display the stacking devices: DGS–3426:5#show stack_device Command: show stack_device Box ID Box Type H/W Version Serial Number ------ ------------ ----------- -------------------- 2 DGS-3426 2A1G avc DGS–3426:5#

35 8 NETWORK MANAGEMENT (SNMP) COMMANDS The network management commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. The xStack® DGS–3400 Series supports the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) versions 1, 2c, and 3. Users may specify which version of SNMP to use to monitor and control the Switch. Three versions of SNMP vary in the level of security provided between the management station and the network device. The following table lists the security features of the three SNMP versions: SNMP Version Authentication Method Description v1 Community String Community String is used for authentication − NoAuthNoPriv v2c Community String Community String is used for authentication − NoAuthNoPriv v3 Username Username is used for authentication − NoAuthNoPriv v3 MD5 or SHA Authentication is based on the HMAC–MD5 or HMAC–SHA algorithms − AuthNoPriv v3 MD5 DES or SHA DES Authentication is based on the HMAC–MD5 or HMAC–SHA algorithms − AuthPriv. DES 56–bit encryption is added based on the CBC–DES (DES–56) standard Command Parameters enable snmp disable snmp enable snmp linkchange_traps disable snmp linkchange_traps config snmp linkchange_traps ports [all | ] [enable | disable] create snmp user {encrypted [by_password auth [md5 | sha ] priv [none | des ] | by_key auth [md5 | sha ] priv [none | des ]]} delete snmp user show snmp user create snmp view view_type [included | excluded] delete snmp view [all | oid] show snmp view create snmp community view [read_only | read_write] delete snmp community show snmp community config snmp engineID show snmp engineID create snmp group {v1 | v2c | v3 [noauth_nopriv | auth_nopriv | auth_priv ]} {read_view | write_view | notify_view } (1)

36 Command Parameters delete snmp group show snmp groups create snmp [host | v6host ] [v1 | v2c | v3 [noauth_nopriv | auth_nopriv | auth_priv]] delete snmp [host | v6host ] show snmp host {} show snmp v6host {} enable snmp traps enable snmp authenticate traps show snmp traps { linkchange_traps { ports }} disable snmp traps disable snmp authenticate traps config snmp system_contact config snmp system_location config snmp system_name enable rmon disable rmon Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. enable snmp Purpose Used to enable the SNMP function on the Switch. Syntax enable snmp Description This command is used to enable Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable SNMP: DGS–3426:5#enable snmp Command: enable snmp Success. DGS–3426:5#

37 disable snmp Purpose Used to disable SNMP on the Switch. Syntax disable snmp Description This command is used to disable the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable SNMP: DGS–3426:5#disable snmp Command: disable snmp Success. DGS–3426:5# enable snmp linkchange_traps Purpose Used to enable SNMP linkchange traps on the Switch. Syntax enable snmp linkchange_traps Description This command is used to enable and disable SNMP linkchange traps on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable SNMP linkchange traps: DGS–3426:5#enable snmp linkchange_traps Command: enable snmp linkchange_traps Success. DGS–3426:5# disable snmp linkchange_traps Purpose Used to disable SNMP linkchange traps on the Switch. Syntax disable snmp linkchange_traps Description This command is used to disable SNMP linkchange traps on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable SNMP linkchange traps: DGS-3426:5#disable snmp linkchange_traps Command: disable snmp linkchange_traps Success. DGS–3426:5#

38 config snmp linkchange_traps Purpose Used to configure SNMP linkchange traps on the Switch. Syntax config snmp linkchange_traps ports [all|][enable|disable] Description This command is used to configure SNMP linkchange traps on the Switch. Parameters all − Configure all ports on the Switch. – Specifies a port or range of ports to be configured. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. Non-contiguous portlist entries are separated by a comma. (ex: 1-3,7-9). enable | disable – Used to enable or disable SMMP linkchange traps for the switch. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure SNMP linkchange traps on every port: DGS–3426:5#config snmp linkchange_traps ports all enable Command: config snmp linkchange_traps ports all enable Success. DGS–3426:5#

39 create snmp user Purpose Used to create a new SNMP user and adds the user to an SNMP group that is also created by this command. Syntax create snmp user {encrypted [by_password auth [md5 | sha ] priv [none | des ] | by_key auth [md5 | sha ] priv [none | des ]]} Description The create snmp user command creates a new SNMP user and adds the user to an SNMP group that is also created by this command. SNMP ensures: Message integrity − Ensures that packets have not been tampered with during transit. Authentication − Determines if an SNMP message is from a valid source. Encryption − Scrambles the contents of messages to prevent it from being viewed by an unauthorized source. Parameters − An alphanumeric name of up to 32 characters that will identify the new SNMP user. − An alphanumeric name of up to 32 characters that will identify the SNMP group the new SNMP user will be associated with. encrypted – Allows the user to choose a type of authorization for authentication using SNMP. The user may choose: • by_password – Requires the SNMP user to enter a password for authentication and privacy. The password is defined by specifying the auth_password below. This method is recommended. • by_key – Requires the SNMP user to enter a encryption key for authentication and privacy. The key is defined by specifying the key in hex form below. This method is not recommended. auth – The user may also choose the type of authentication algorithms used to authenticate the snmp user. The choices are: md5 − Specifies that the HMAC–MD5–96 authentication level will be used. md5 may be utilized by entering one of the following: • – An alphanumeric sting of between 8 and 16 characters that will be used to authorize the agent to receive packets for the host. • – Enter an alphanumeric sting of exactly 32 characters, in hex form, to define the key that will be used to authorize the agent to receive packets for the host. sha − Specifies that the HMAC–SHA–96 authentication level will be used. • – An alphanumeric sting of between 8 and 20 characters that will be used to authorize the agent to receive packets for the host. • – Enter an alphanumeric sting of exactly 40 characters, in hex form, to define the key that will be used to authorize the agent to receive packets for. priv – Adding the priv (privacy) parameter will allow for encryption in addition to the authentication algorithm for higher security. The user may choose: • des – Adding this parameter will allow for a 56–bit encryption to be added using the DES–56 standard using: – An alphanumeric string of between 8 and 16 characters that will be used to encrypt the contents of messages the host sends to the agent. – Enter an alphanumeric key string of exactly 32 characters, in hex form, that will be used to encrypt the contents of messages the host sends to the agent. • none – Adding this parameter will add no encryption. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create an SNMP user on the Switch:

40 DGS–3426:5#create snmp user dlink default encrypted by_password auth md5 canadian priv none Command: create snmp user dlink default encrypted by_password auth md5 canadian priv none Success. DGS–3426:5# delete snmp user Purpose Used to remove an SNMP user from an SNMP user table. Syntax delete snmp user Description This command is used to remove an SNMP user from its SNMP group and then deletes the associated SNMP group. Parameters − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that identifies the SNMP user that will be deleted. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete a previously entered SNMP user on the Switch: DGS–3426:5#delete snmp user dlink Command: delete snmp user dlink Success. DGS–3426:5# show snmp user Purpose Used to display information about each SNMP username in the SNMP username table. Syntax show snmp user Description This command is used to display information about each SNMP username in the SNMP username table. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the SNMP users currently configured on the Switch: DGS–3426:5#show snmp user Command: show snmp user Username Group Name VerAuthPriv ––––––––––––––––––––––––– –––––––––––––––––––––––––– ––––––––––– u3 g3 V3 NoneNone initial initial V3 NoneNone Total Entries: 2 DGS–3426:5#

41 create snmp view Purpose Used to assign views to community strings to limit which MIB objects and SNMP manager can access. Syntax create snmp view view_type [included | excluded] Description This command is used to assign views to community strings to limit which MIB objects an SNMP manager can access. Parameters − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that identifies the SNMP view that will be created. − The object ID that identifies an object tree (MIB tree) that will be included or excluded from access by an SNMP manager. view type – Sets the view type to be: • included − Include this object in the list of objects that an SNMP manager can access. • excluded − Exclude this object from the list of objects that an SNMP manager can access. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create an SNMP view: DGS–3426:5#create snmp view dlinkview 1.3.6 view_type included Command: create snmp view dlinkview 1.3.6 view_type included Success. DGS–3426:5# delete snmp view Purpose Used to remove an SNMP view entry previously created on the Switch. Syntax delete snmp view [all | ] Description This command is used to remove an SNMP view previously created on the Switch. Parameters − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that identifies the SNMP view to be deleted. all − Specifies that all of the SNMP views on the Switch will be deleted. − The object ID that identifies an object tree (MIB tree) that will be deleted from the Switch. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete a previously configured SNMP view from the Switch: DGS–3426:5#delete snmp view dlinkview all Command: delete snmp view dlinkview all Success. DGS–3426:5#

42 show snmp view Purpose Used to display an SNMP view previously created on the Switch. Syntax show snmp view {} Description This command is used to display an SNMP view previously created on the Switch. Parameters − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that identifies the SNMP view that will be displayed. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display SNMP view configuration: UserName: PassWord: DGS–3426P:4#show snmp view Command: show snmp view Vacm View Table Settings View Name Subtree View Type –––––––––––––––––––– ––––––––––––––––––––––– –––––––––– v3v 1 Included restricted 1.3.6.1.2.1.1 Included restricted 1.3.6.1.2.1.11 Included restricted 1.3.6.1.6.3.10.2.1 Included restricted 1.3.6.1.6.3.11.2.1 Included restricted 1.3.6.1.6.3.15.1.1 Included CommunityView 1 Included CommunityView 1.3.6.1.6.3 Excluded CommunityView 1.3.6.1.6.3.1 Included Total Entries: 9 DGS–3426P:4#

43 create snmp community Purpose Used to create an SNMP community string to define the relationship between the SNMP manager and an agent. The community string acts like a password to permit access to the agent on the Switch. One or more of the following characteristics can be associated with the community string: An Access List of IP addresses of SNMP managers that are permitted to use the community string to gain access to the Switch’s SNMP agent. An MIB view that defines the subset of all MIB objects that will be accessible to the SNMP community. read_write or read_only level permission for the MIB objects accessible to the SNMP community. Syntax create snmp community view [read_only | read_write] Description This command is used to create an SNMP community string and to assign access– limiting characteristics to this community string. Parameters − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify members of an SNMP community. This string is used like a password to give remote SNMP managers access to MIB objects in the Switch’s SNMP agent. − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify the group of MIB objects that a remote SNMP manager is allowed to access on the Switch. read_only − Specifies that SNMP community members using the community string created with this command can only read the contents of the MIBs on the Switch. read_write − Specifies that SNMP community members using the community string created with this command can read from and write to the contents of the MIBs on the Switch. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create the SNMP community string “dlink:” DGS–3426:5#create snmp community dlink view ReadView read_write Command: create snmp community dlink view ReadView read_write Success. DGS–3426:5# delete snmp community Purpose Used to remove a specific SNMP community string from the Switch. Syntax delete snmp community Description This command is used to remove a previously defined SNMP community string from the Switch. Parameters − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify members of an SNMP community. This string is used like a password to give remote SNMP managers access to MIB objects in the Switch’s SNMP agent. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete the SNMP community string “dlink:”

44 DGS–3426:5#delete snmp community dlink Command: delete snmp community dlink Success. DGS–3426:5# show snmp community Purpose Used to display SNMP community strings configured on the Switch. Syntax show snmp community Description This command is used to display SNMP community strings that are configured on the Switch. Parameters − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify members of an SNMP community. This string is used like a password to give remote SNMP managers access to MIB objects in the Switch’s SNMP agent. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the currently entered SNMP community strings: DGS–3426P:4#show snmp community Command: show snmp community SNMP Community Table Community Name View Name Access Right ––––––––––––––––– ––––––––––––––––– –––––––––––– private CommunityView read_write public CommunityView read_only Total Entries: 2 DGS–3426P:4# config snmp engineID Purpose Used to configure an identification for the SNMP engine on the Switch. Syntax config snmp engineID Description This command configures a name for the SNMP engine on the Switch. Parameters − An alphanumeric string that will be used to identify the SNMP engine on the Switch. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To give the SNMP agent on the Switch the name “0035636666”: DGS–3426:5#config snmp engineID 0035636666 Command: config snmp engineID 0035636666 Success. DGS–3426:5#

45 show snmp engineID Purpose Used to display the identification of the SNMP engine on the Switch. Syntax show snmp engineID Description This command displays the identification of the SNMP engine on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the current name of the SNMP engine on the Switch: DGS–3426:5#show snmp engineID Command: show snmp engineID SNMP Engine ID : 0035636666 DGS–3426:5# create snmp group Purpose Used to create a new SNMP group, or a table that maps SNMP users to SNMP views. Syntax create snmp group [v1 | v2c | v3 [noauth_nopriv | auth_nopriv | auth_priv]] {read_view | write_view | notify_view } (1) Description This command creates a new SNMP group, or a table that maps SNMP users to SNMP views. Parameters − An alphanumeric name of up to 32 characters that will identify the SNMP group the new SNMP user will be associated with. v1 – Specifies that SNMP version 1 will be used. The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), version 1, is a network management protocol that provides a means to monitor and control network devices. v2c – Specifies that SNMP version 2c will be used. The SNMP v2c supports both centralized and distributed network management strategies. It includes improvements in the Structure of Management Information (SMI) and adds some security features. v3 – Specifies that the SNMP version 3 will be used. SNMP v3 provides secure access to devices through a combination of authentication and encrypting packets over the network. SNMP v3 adds: • Message integrity − Ensures that packets have not been tampered with during transit. • Authentication − Determines if an SNMP message is from a valid source. • Encryption − Scrambles the contents of messages to prevent it being viewed by an unauthorized source. noauth_nopriv − Specifies that there will be no authorization and no encryption of packets sent between the Switch and a remote SNMP manager. auth_nopriv − Specifies that authorization will be required, but there will be no encryption of packets sent between the Switch and a remote SNMP manager. auth_priv − Specifies that authorization will be required, and that packets sent between the Switch and a remote SNMP manger will be encrypted. read_view – Specifies that the SNMP group being created can request SNMP messages. write_view – Specifies that the SNMP group being created has write privileges. notify_view − Specifies that the SNMP group being created can receive SNMP trap messages generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. − An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify the group of MIB objects that a remote SNMP manager is allowed to access on the Switch.

46 create snmp group Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create an SNMP group named “sg1:” DGS–3426:5#create snmp group sg1 v3 noauth_nopriv read_view v1 write_view v1 notify_view v1 Command: create snmp group sg1 v3 noauth_nopriv read_view v1 write_view v1 notify_view v1 Success. DGS–3426:5# delete snmp group Purpose Used to remove an SNMP group from the Switch. Syntax delete snmp group Description This command is used to remove an SNMP group from the Switch. Parameters − An alphanumeric name of up to 32 characters that will identify the SNMP group the new SNMP user will be associated with. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete the SNMP group named “sg1”. DGS–3426:5#delete snmp group sg1 Command: delete snmp group sg1 Success. DGS–3426:5# show snmp groups Purpose Used to display the group–names of SNMP groups currently configured on the Switch. The security model, level, and status of each group are also displayed. Syntax show snmp groups Description This command displays the group–names of SNMP groups currently configured on the Switch. The security model, level, and status of each group are also displayed. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the currently configured SNMP groups on the Switch: DGS–3426:5#show snmp groups Command: show snmp groups Vacm Access Table Settings Group Name : initial ReadView Name : restricted WriteView Name :

47 Notify View Name : restricted Security Model : SNMPv3 Security Level : NoAuthNoPriv Group Name : public ReadView Name : CommunityView WriteView Name : Notify View Name : CommunityView Security Model : SNMPv1 Security Level : NoAuthNoPriv Group Name : public ReadView Name : CommunityView WriteView Name : Notify View Name : CommunityView Security Model : SNMPv2 Security Level : NoAuthNoPriv Group Name : private ReadView Name : CommunityView WriteView Name : CommunityView Notify View Name : CommunityView Security Model : SNMPv1 Security Level : NoAuthNoPriv Group Name : private ReadView Name : CommunityView WriteView Name : CommunityView Notify View Name : CommunityView Security Model : SNMPv2 Security Level : NoAuthNoPriv Group Name : ReadGroup ReadView Name : CommunityView WriteView Name : Notify View Name : CommunityView Security Model : SNMPv1 Security Level : NoAuthNoPriv Group Name : ReadGroup ReadView Name : CommunityView WriteView Name : Notify View Name : CommunityView Security Model : SNMPv2 Security Level : NoAuthNoPriv Group Name : WriteGroup ReadView Name : CommunityView WriteView Name : CommunityView Notify View Name : CommunityView Security Model : SNMPv1 Security Level : NoAuthNoPriv Group Name : WriteGroup ReadView Name : CommunityView WriteView Name : CommunityView Notify View Name : CommunityView Security Model : SNMPv2 Security Level : NoAuthNoPriv Total Entries: 9 DGS–3426:5#

48 create snmp host Purpose Used to create a recipient of SNMP traps generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Syntax create snmp [host | v6host ] [v1 | v2c | v3 [noauth_nopriv | auth_nopriv | auth_priv] ] Description This command creates a recipient of SNMP traps generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Parameters host − The IPv4 address of the remote management station that will serve as the SNMP host for the Switch. v6host – The IPv6 address of the remote management station that will serve as the SNMP host for the Switch. v1 – Specifies that SNMP version 1 will be used. The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), version 1, is a network management protocol that provides a means to monitor and control network devices. v2c – Specifies that SNMP version 2c will be used. The SNMP v2c supports both centralized and distributed network management strategies. It includes improvements in the Structure of Management Information (SMI) and adds some security features. v3 – Specifies that the SNMP version 3 will be used. SNMP v3 provides secure access to devices through a combination of authentication and encrypting packets over the network. SNMP v3 adds: • Message integrity − ensures that packets have not been tampered with during transit. • Authentication − determines if an SNMP message is from a valid source. • Encryption − scrambles the contents of messages to prevent it being viewed by an unauthorized source. noauth_nopriv − Specifies that there will be no authorization and no encryption of packets sent between the Switch and a remote SNMP manager. auth_nopriv − Specifies that authorization will be required, but there will be no encryption of packets sent between the Switch and a remote SNMP manager. auth_priv − Specifies that authorization will be required, and that packets sent between the Switch and a remote SNMP manger will be encrypted. − An alphanumeric string used to authorize a remote SNMP manager to access the Switch’s SNMP agent. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create an SNMP IPv4 host to receive SNMP messages: DGS–3426:5#create snmp host 10.48.74.100 v3 auth_priv public Command: create snmp host 10.48.74.100 v3 auth_priv public Success. DGS–3426:5# To create an SNMP IPv6 host to receive SNMP messages: DGS–3426:5#create snmp v6host FF::FF v3 noauth_nopriv initial Command: create snmp v6host FF::FF v3 noauth_nopriv initial Success. DGS–3426:5#

49 delete snmp host Purpose Used to remove a recipient of SNMP traps generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Syntax delete snmp [host | v6host ] Description This command is used to delete a recipient of SNMP traps generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Parameters host − The IPv4 address of the remote management station that will serve as the SNMP host for the Switch. v6host – The IPv6 address of the remote management station that will serve as the SNMP host for the Switch. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete an IPv4 SNMP host entry: DGS–3426:5#delete snmp host 10.48.74.100 Command: delete snmp host 10.48.74.100 Success. DGS–3426:5# To delete an IPv6 SNMP host entry: DGS–3426:5#delete snmp v6host FF::FF Command: delete snmp v6host FF::FF Success. DGS–3426:5# show snmp host Purpose Used to display the recipient of SNMP traps generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Syntax show snmp host {} Description This command is used to display the IP addresses and configuration information of remote SNMP managers that are designated as recipients of SNMP traps that are generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Parameters − The IP address of a remote SNMP manager that will receive SNMP traps generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the currently configured SNMP hosts on the Switch:

50 DGS–3426:5#show snmp host Command: show snmp host SNMP Host Table Host IP Address SNMP Version Community Name/SNMPv3 User Name ––––––––––––––– ––––––––––––––– –––––––––––––––––––––––––– 10.48.76.23 V2c private 10.48.74.100 V3 authpriv public Total Entries: 2 DGS–3426:5# show snmp v6host Purpose Used to display the IPv6 recipient of SNMP traps generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Syntax show snmp v6host {} Description This command is used to display the IPv6 addresses and configuration information of remote SNMP managers that are designated as recipients of SNMP traps that are generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Parameters v6host − The IPv6 address of a remote SNMP manager that will receive SNMP traps generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the currently configured IPv6 SNMP hosts on the Switch: DGS–3426:5#show snmp host Command: show snmp host SNMP Host Table ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Host IPv6 Address : FF::FF SNMP Version : V3 na/np CommunityName/SNMPv3 User Name : initial Total Entries: 1 DGS–3426:5# enable snmp traps Purpose Used to enable SNMP trap support. Syntax enable snmp traps Description This command is used to enable SNMP trap support on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable SNMP trap support on the Switch:

51 DGS–3426:5#enable snmp traps Command: enable snmp traps Success. DGS–3426:5# enable snmp authenticate traps Purpose Used to enable SNMP authentication trap support. Syntax enable snmp authenticate traps Description This command is used to enable SNMP authentication trap support on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To turn on SNMP authentication trap support: DGS–3426:5#enable snmp authenticate traps Command: enable snmp authenticate traps Success. DGS–3426:5# show snmp traps Purpose Used to show SNMP trap support on the Switch . Syntax show snmp traps { linkchange_traps { ports } } Description This command is used to view the SNMP trap support status currently configured on the Switch. Parameters portlist – Enter a list of ports to be displayed. Restrictions None. Example usage: To view the current SNMP trap support: DGS-3426:5#show snmp traps linkchange_traps ports 1 Command: show snmp traps linkchange_traps ports 1:1 Linkchange Trap : Enabled Port 1:1 : Enabled DGS-3426:5#

52 disable snmp traps Purpose Used to disable SNMP trap support on the Switch. Syntax disable snmp traps Description This command is used to disable SNMP trap support on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To prevent SNMP traps from being sent from the Switch: DGS–3426:5#disable snmp traps Command: disable snmp traps Success. DGS–3426:5# disable snmp authenticate traps Purpose Used to disable SNMP authentication trap support. Syntax disable snmp authenticate traps Description This command is used to disable SNMP authentication support on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable the SNMP authentication trap support: DGS–3426:5#disable snmp authenticate traps Command: disable snmp authenticate traps Success. DGS–3426:5# config snmp system_contact Purpose Used to enter the name of a contact person who is responsible for the Switch. Syntax config snmp system_contact Description This command is used to enter the name and/or other information to identify a contact person who is responsible for the Switch. A maximum of 255 character can be used. Parameters – A maximum of 255 characters is allowed. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the Switch contact to “MIS Department II”:

53 DGS–3426:5#config snmp system_contact MIS Department II Command: config snmp system_contact MIS Department II Success. DGS–3426:5# config snmp system_location Purpose Used to enter a description of the location of the Switch. Syntax config snmp system_location Description This command is used to enter a description of the location of the Switch. A maximum of 255 characters can be used. Parameters – A maximum of 255 characters is allowed. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the Switch location for “HQ 5F”: DGS–3426:5#config snmp system_location HQ 5F Command: config snmp system_location HQ 5F Success. DGS–3426:5# config snmp system_name Purpose Used to configure the name for the Switch. Syntax config snmp system_name Description This command is used to configure the name of the Switch. Parameters – A maximum of 255 characters is allowed. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the Switch name for “DGS–3400 Switch”: DGS–3426:5#config snmp system_name DGS–3400 Switch Command: config snmp system_name DGS–3400 Switch Success. DGS–3426:5# enable rmon Purpose Used to enable RMON on the Switch. Syntax enable rmon Description This command is used to enable remote monitoring (RMON) on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage:

54 To enable RMON: DGS–3426:5#enable rmon Command: enable rmon Success. DGS–3426:5# disable rmon Purpose Used to disable RMON on the Switch. Syntax disable rmon Description This command is used to disable remote monitoring (RMON) on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable RMON: DGS–3426:5#disable rmon Command: disable rmon Success. DGS–3426:5#

55 9 SWITCH UTILITY COMMANDS The switch utility commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters download [ firmware_fromTFTP [ |] {image_id} {unit [all|]} | cfg_fromTFTP [ |] {[ | increment]} ] config firmware {unit [|all]} image_id [delete|boot_up] show firmware information config configuration [boot_up | delete | active] show config [current_config | config_in_nvram | information ] upload [cfg_toTFTP [ | ] {} | log_toTFTP [ | ] ] | attack_log_toTFTP [ | ] ] {unit }] clear attack_log {[unit | all]} show attack_log {unit } {index } enable autoconfig disable autoconfig show autoconfig ping {times } {timeout } ping6 {times | size | timeout } Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. download Purpose Used to download and install new firmware or a new configuration on the switch from a TFTP server. Syntax download [ firmware_fromTFTP [ |] {image_id} {unit [all|]} | cfg_fromTFTP [ |] {[ | increment]} ] Description This command is used to download a new firmware or a switch configuration file from a TFTP server. The firmware can be loaded to different images and units according to the image ID and unit ID,and you can choose to download through IPv6 if your switch supports IPv6. If the image id or the unit id does not exist in the system, the download will fail and give an error message. Parameters firmware_fromTFTP − Download and install new firmware on the Switch from a TFTP server. cfg_fromTFTP − Download and install a new configuration file on the Switch from a TFTP server. • image_id – Specifies the image index ID number of the firmware in the Switch’s memory. The Switch can store two firmware images for use. Image ID 1 will be the default boot up firmware for the Switch unless otherwise configured by the user. • unit [all | ] – all specifies all units (switches), is the unit ID of the switch in the switch stack that will receive the download. This parameter is for downloading firmware only.

56 download • config − Download a new configuration on the switch from a TFTP server. • − The IPv4 address of the TFTP server. • − The IPv6 address of the TFTP server. • − The DOS path and filename of the firmware or switch configuration file on the TFTP server. For example, C:\dgs3427.had. • config_id – The Switch can hold two configuration files specified by section ID. If no configuration ID is specified, the configuration being downloaded is applied to the system. If a configuration ID is specified, the configuration being downloaded is saved only to flash memory in the chosen section (1 or 2) and will not be applied to the system. Keep in mind that configuration ID 1 is the boot-up configuration unless this is changed using the config command. • increment − Allows the download of a partial switch configuration file. This allows a file to be downloaded that will change only the switch parameters explicitly stated in the configuration file. All other switch parameters will remain unchanged. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To download a configuration file: DGS–3426:5#download cfg_fromTFTP 10.48.74.121 unit all c:\cfg\setting.txt Command: download cfg_fromTFTP 10.48.74.121 unit all c:\cfg\setting.txt Connecting to server................... Done. Download configuration................. Done. DGS–3426:5# DGS–3426:5##–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– DGS–3426:5## DGS–3426 Gigabit Ethernet Switch DGS–3426:5## Configuration DGS–3426:5## DGS–3426:5## Firmware: Build 2.60.B26 DGS–3426:5## Copyright(C) 2009 D–Link Corporation. All rights reserved. DGS–3426:5##–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– DGS–3426:5# DGS–3426:5## STACK DGS–3426:5# DGS–3426:5# DGS–3426:5## BASIC DGS–3426:5# DGS–3426:5#config serial_port auto_logout never Command: config serial_port auto_logout never The download configuration command will initiate the loading of the various settings in the order listed in the configuration file. When the file has been successfully loaded the message “End of configuration file for DGS–3400” appears followed by the command prompt. DGS–3426:5# # ROUTE DGS–3426:5# DGS–3426:5# create iproute default 172.18.212.253 1 Command: create iproute default 172.18.212.253 1 Success. DGS–3426:5# DGS–3426:5# #–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– DGS–3426:5# # End of configuration file for DGS–3426 DGS–3426:5# #–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– DGS–3426:5# #

57 config configuration Purpose Used to designate a stored configuration file section ID as a boot up configuration, active configuration or to delete the configuration file. Syntax config configuration [boot_up | delete | active] Description This command is used to configure the section ID index of a stored configuration as the boot up or active configuration, or to delete the contents of the specified configuration section. Parameters config_id – Specifies the section being configured or deleted. delete – Entering this parameter will delete the contents of the specified section. boot_up – Entering specifies the configuration section as a boot up section. active – Entering specifies the configuration section as an active section. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure configuration section 1 as a boot up section: DGS–3426:5#config configuration 1 boot_up Command: config configuration 1 boot_up Success. DGS–3426:5# config firmware Purpose Used to configure the firmware section as a boot up section, or to delete the firmware section Syntax config firmware {unit [|all]} image_id [delete|boot_up] Description This command is used to configure the firmware section. The user may choose to remove the firmware section or use it as a boot up section. Parameters unit – Select the switch in the switch stack for which to configure the firmware image. unitid_list: Specifies the list of stacked units to apply the command to. This command is supported by projects which can set firmware on multiple units at a time. all : Specifies to select all units. image_id – Specifies the working section. The Switch can hold two firmware versions for the user to select from, which are specified by image ID. • – Select the ID number of the firmware in the Switch’s memory to be configured. delete – Entering this parameter will delete the specified firmware section. boot_up – Entering this parameter will specify the firmware image ID as a boot up section. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure firmware section 1 as a boot up section:

58 DGS-3426:5#config firmware image_id 1 boot_up Command: config firmware image_id 1 boot_up Success. DGS-3426:5# show firmware information Purpose Used to display the firmware section information. Syntax show firmware information Description This command is used to display the firmware section information. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the current firmware information on the Switch: DGS-3426P:5#show firmware information Command: show firmware information Box ID Version Size(B) Update Time From User --- -- --------- ------- ------------------- ------------------ ------------- 1 *1 2.60.B26 3763691 2009/03/05 10:23:40 10.73.21.1(R) 1 2 (empty) '*' means boot up firmware (R) means firmware update through Serial Port(RS232) (T) means firmware update through TELNET (S) means firmware update through SNMP (W) means firmware update through WEB (SIM) means firmware update through Single IP Management DGS-3426P:5#

59 show config Purpose Used to display the current or saved version of the configuration settings of the switch. Syntax show config [current_config | config_in_nvram | information] Use this command to display all the configuration settings that are saved to NV RAM or display the configuration settings as they are currently configured. Use the keyboard to list settings one line at a time (Enter), one page at a time (Space) or view all (a). The configuration settings are listed by category in the following order: Description 1. Stack 2. Double VLAN 3. Basic (serial port, Telnet and web management status) 4. Account List 5. storm control 6. IP group management 7. syslog 8. QoS 9. port mirroring 10. traffic segmentation 11. SSL 12. port 13. PoE 14. Port lock 15. SNMPv3 16. MANAGEMENT 17. VLAN 18. 802.1X 19. Guest VLAN 20. TR 21. ACL 22. FDB (forwarding data base) 23. Address Binding 24. MAC Address Table Notification 25. STP 26. SAFEGUARD ENGINE 27. BANNER PROMPT 28. SSH 29. SNTP 30. LACP 31. IP and auto config 32. IGMP Snooping 33. MLD Snooping 34. ACCESS AUTHENTICATION CONTROL 35. DHCP Relay 36. IPv6 Neighbor Detection 37. ARP 38. Route Parameters current_config – Entering this parameter will display configurations entered without being saved to NVRAM. config_in_nvram – Entering this parameter will display configurations to be specified which were saved in NV–RAM. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To view the current configuration settings:

60 DGS–3426:5#show config current_config Command: show config current_config #––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– # DGS–3426 Gigabit Ethernet Switch # Configuration # # Firmware: Build 2.60.B26 # Copyright(C) 2009 D–Link Corporation. All rights reserved. #––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– # STACK ##Box Prio ##ID Type Exist rity ##–––––– ––––––– ––––––––– ––––––– # 1 DGS–3426P exist 16 # 2 DGS–3426 exist 32 # 3 DGS–3450 exist 32 # 4 Not_Exist no # 5 Not_Exist no # 6 Not_Exist no

61 upload Purpose Used to upload switch settings or the switch history log to a TFTP server. Syntax upload [cfg_toTFTP [ | ] {} | log_toTFTP [ | ] ] | attack_log_toTFTP [ | ] ] {unit }] Description This command is used to upload either the Switch’s current settings or the Switch’s history log to a TFTP server. Parameters cfg_toTFTP − Specifies that the Switch’s current settings will be uploaded to the TFTP server. • − The IPv4 address of the TFTP server. The TFTP server must be on the same IP subnet as the Switch. • − The IPv6 address of the TFTP server. The TFTP server must be on the same IP subnet as the Switch. • − Specifies the location of the Switch configuration file on the TFTP server. This file will be replaced by the uploaded file from the Switch. • – Entering this parameter will upload configurations to be specified, which were saved in NV–RAM to TFTP server. log_toTFTP − Specifies that the switch history log will be uploaded to the TFTP server. • − The IP address of the TFTP server. The TFTP server must be on the same IP subnet as the Switch. • − The IPv6 address of the TFTP server. The TFTP server must be on the same IP subnet as the Switch. • − Specifies the location of the Switch configuration file on the TFTP server. This file will be replaced by the uploaded file from the Switch. attack_log_toTFTP – This command is used to upload a switch attack log to a TFTP server, such as a spoofing attack. • – Enter the IPv4 address of the TFTP server to which to upload the attack log. • – Enter the IPv6 address of the TFTP server to which to upload the attack log. • – Specifies the location of the Switch configuration file on the TFTP server. This file will be replaced by the uploaded file from the Switch. • unit – Select the switch in the switch stack from where these attack log files will be uploaded, denoted by unit ID number. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To upload a configuration file: DGS–3426:5#upload cfg_fromTFTP 10.48.74.121 c:\cfg\log.txt Command: upload cfg_fromTFTP 10.48.74.121 c:\cfg\log.txt Connecting to server.................. Done. Upload configuration...................Done. DGS–3426:5# Example usage: To upload an attack log file:

62 DGS–3426:5#upload attack_log_toTFTP 10.53.13.23 c:\attacklog1 unit 1 Command: upload attack_log_toTFTP 10.53.13.23 c:\attacklog1 unit 1 Connecting to server................Done. Upload attack log...................Done. DGS–3426:5# show attack_log Purpose Used to display the switch history of attack log files. Syntax show attack_log {unit } {index } Description This command will display the contents of the attack log of the Switch. This log displays the time and date of a possible attack on the switch, such as a spoofing attack. Parameters unit – Select the switch in the switch stack for which to view attack log files. index – This command will display the history log, beginning at 1 and ending at the value specified by the user in the field. If no parameter is specified, all history log entries will be displayed. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the attack log: DGS–3426:5#show attack_log index 1–2 Command: show attack_log index 1–2 Index Date Time Log Text ––––– –––––––––– ––––––– –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 2 2006–04–25 12:38:00 Possible spoofing attack from 000d010023001 port 1:23 1 2006–04–25 12:37:42 Possible spoofing attack from 000d010023001 port 1:23 DGS–3426:5# clear attack_log Purpose Used to clear the switch history of attack log files. Syntax clear attack_log {[unit | all]} Description This command will clear the contents of the attack log of the Switch. Parameters unit – Select the switch in the switch stack for which to clear attack log files. all – Entering this parameter will clear all attack log files in the switch stack. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To clear the attack log for all switches in the switch stack: DGS–3426:5#clear attack_log all Command: clear attack_log all Success.

DGS–3426:5# enable autoconfig Purpose Used to activate the auto-configuration function for the Switch. This will load a configuration from the TFTP server specified in the reply. Syntax enable autoconfig Description When autoconfiguration is enabled on the Switch, the DHCP reply will contain a configuration file and path name. It will then request the file from the TFTP server specified in the reply. When autoconfig is enabled, the IPIF settings will automatically become DHCP client. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. NOTE: Dual–purpose (DHCP/TFTP) server utility software may require entry of the configuration file name and path within the user interface. Alternatively, the DHCP software may require creating a separate ext file with the configuration file name and path in a specific directory on the server. Consult the documentation for the DCHP server software if unsure. Example usage: To enable auto-configuration on the Switch: DGS–3426:5#enable autoconfig Command: enable autoconfig Success. DGS–3426:5# When auto-configuration is enabled and the Switch is rebooted, the normal login screen will appear for a few moments while the autoconfig request (i.e. download configuration) is initiated. The console will then display the configuration parameters as they are loaded from the configuration file specified in the DHCP or TFTP server. This is exactly the same as using a download config command. After the entire Switch configuration is loaded, the Switch will automatically “logout” the server. Upon booting up the autoconfig process is initiated, the console screen will appear similar to the example below. The configuration settings will be loaded in normal order. DGS–3426 Gigabit Ethernet Switch Command Line Interface Firmware: Build 2.60.B26 Copyright(C) 2009 D–Link Corporation. All rights reserved. DGS–3426:5# DGS–3426:5# DGS–3426:5#download config 10.41.44.44 c:\cfg\setting.txt Command: download config 10.41.44.44 c:\cfg\setting.txt Connecting to server................... Done. Download configuration................. Done. The very end of the autoconfig process including the logout appears like this: 63

DGS–3426:5# create iproute default 172.18.212.253 1 Command: create iproute default 172.18.212.253 1 Success. DGS–3426:5# DGS–3426:5##–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– DGS–3426:5## End of configuration file for DGS–3426 DGS–3426:5# ********** * Logout * ********** NOTE: With auto-configuration enabled, the Switch IPIF settings now define the Switch as a DHCP client. Use the show switch command to display the new IP settings status. disable autoconfig Purpose Use this to deactivate auto-configuration from DHCP. Syntax disable autoconfig Description This instructs the Switch not to accept auto-configuration instruction from the DHCP server. This does not change the IP settings of the Switch. The IPIFsettings will continue as DHCP client until changed with the config ipif command. Parameters Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To stop the auto-configuration function: DGS–3426:5#disable autoconfig Command: disable autoconfig Success. DGS–3426:5# show autoconfig Purpose Used to display the current auto-configuration status of the Switch. Syntax show autoconfig Description This will list the current status of the auto-configuration function. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To view the auto-configuration status: 64

65 DGS–3426:5#show autoconfig Command: show autoconfig Autoconfig State: Disabled. DGS–3426:5# ping Purpose Used to test the connectivity between network devices. Syntax ping {times } {timeout } Description This command sends Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo messages to a remote IP address. The remote IP address will then “echo” or return the message. This is used to confirm connectivity between the Switch and the remote device. Parameters – Specifies the IP address of the host. times – The number of individual ICMP echo messages to be sent. The maximum value is 255. timeout – Defines the time–out period while waiting for a response from the remote device. A value of 1 to 99 seconds can be specified. The default is 1 second. Restrictions None. Example usage: To ping the IP address 10.48.74.121 four times: DGS–3426:5#ping 10.48.74.121 times 4 Command: ping 10.48.74.121 Reply from 10.48.74.121, time<10ms Reply from 10.48.74.121, time<10ms Reply from 10.48.74.121, time<10ms Reply from 10.48.74.121, time<10ms Ping statistics for 10.48.74.121 Packets: Sent =4, Received =4, Lost =0 DGS–3426:5# ping6 Purpose Used to test the connectivity between IPv6 ready network devices. Syntax ping6 {times | size } {timeout } Description This command sends Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) echo messages to a remote IPv6 address. The remote IP address will then “echo” or return the message. This is used to confirm connectivity between the Switch and the remote device. Parameters – Specifies the IP address of the host. times – The number of individual ICMP echo messages to be sent. The maximum value is 255. size – Use this parameter to set the datagram size of the packet, or in essence, the number of bytes in each ping packet. Users may set a size between 1 and 6000 bytes with a default setting of 100 bytes. timeout – Select a timeout period between 1 and 10 seconds for this Ping message to reach its destination. If the packet fails to find the IPv6 address in this specified time, the Ping packet will be dropped. Restrictions None.

66 Example usage: To ping the IPv6 address 2009::280:C8FF:FE3C:5C8A four times: DGS–3426:5#ping6 2009::280:C8FF:FE3C:5C8A times 4 timeout 10 Command: ping6 2009::280:C8FF:FE3C:5C8A times 4 timeout 10 Reply from 2009::280:C8FF:FE3C:5C8A, bytes=100 time<10 ms Reply from 2009::280:C8FF:FE3C:5C8A, bytes=100 time<10 ms Reply from 2009::280:C8FF:FE3C:5C8A, bytes=100 time<10 ms Reply from 2009::280:C8FF:FE3C:5C8A, bytes=100 time<10 ms Ping statistics for 2009::280:C8FF:FE3C:5C8A Packets: Sent =4, Received =4, Lost =0 DGS–3426:5#

67 10 NETWORK MONITORING COMMANDS The network monitoring commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters show packet ports show error ports show utilization [ports | cpu] clear counters {ports } clear log show log {index } enable syslog disable syslog create syslog host {severity [informational | warning | all] | facility [local0 | local1 | local2 | local3 | local4 | local5 | local6 | local7] | udp_port | ipaddress | state [enable | disable]} config syslog host [severity [informational | warning | all] | facility [local0 | local1 | local2 | local3 | local4 | local5 | local6 | local7] | udp_port | ipaddress | state [enable | disable]] config syslog host all [severity [informational | warning | all] | facility [local0 | local1 | local2 | local3 | local4 | local5 | local6 | local7] | udp_port | state [enable | disable]] delete syslog host [ | all] show syslog host {} show syslog config system_severity [trap | log | all] [critical | warning | information] show system_severity config log_save_timing [time_interval | on_demand | log_trigger] show log_save_timing Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. show packet ports Purpose Used to display statistics about the packets sent and received by the Switch. Syntax show packet ports Description This command is used to display statistics about packets sent and received by ports specified in the . Parameters − Specifies a port or range of ports to be displayed. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3–2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Non–contiguous portlist entries are separated by a comma. (ex: 1:1–1:3,1:7–1:9) Restrictions None.

68 Example usage: To display the packets analysis for port 7 of switch 1: DGS–3426:5#show packet ports 1:7 Command: show packet ports 1:7 Port number : 1:7 =============================================================== Frame Size/Type Frame Counts Frames/sec --------------- ---------------------- ----------- 64 213448 19 65-127 64318 5 128-255 42651 0 256-511 17647 2 512-1023 10225 3 1024-1518 30804 7 Unicast RX 62807 0 Multicast RX 70925 15 Broadcast RX 238728 21 Frame Type Total Total/sec --------------- ---------------------- ----------- RX Bytes 83947600 13780 RX Frames 372460 36 TX Bytes 863819 0 TX Frames 6633 0 CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh show error ports Purpose Used to display the error statistics for a range of ports. Syntax show error ports Description This command will display all of the packet error statistics collected and logged by the Switch for a given port list. Parameters − Specifies a port or range of ports to be displayed. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3–2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Non–contiguous portlist entries are separated by a comma. (ex: 1:1–1:3,1:7–1:9) Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the errors of the port 3 of switch 1:

69 DGS–3426:5#show error ports 1:3 Command: show error ports 1:3 Port number : 1:3 RX Frames TX Frames --------- --------- CRC Error 0 Excessive Deferral 0 Undersize 0 CRC Error 0 Oversize 0 Late Collision 0 Fragment 0 Excessive Collision 0 Jabber 0 Single Collision 0 Drop Pkts 0 Collision 0 Symbol Error 0 Buffer Full Drop 0 ACL Drop 0 Multicast Drop 0 VLAN Ingress Drop 0 CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh show utilization Purpose Used to display real–time port and CPU utilization statistics. Syntax show utilization [ports | cpu] Description This command will display the real–time port and cpu utilization statistics for the Switch. Parameters ports – Entering this parameter will display the current port utilization of the Switch. cpu – Entering this parameter will display the current CPU utilization of the Switch. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the port utilization statistics:

70 DGS–3426:5#show utilization ports Command: show utilization ports Port TX/sec RX/sec Util Port TX/sec RX/sec Util ––––– –––––––––– –––––––––– –––– ––––– –––––––––– –––––––––– –––– 1:1 0 0 0 1:22 0 0 0 1:2 0 0 0 1:23 0 0 0 1:3 0 0 0 1:24 0 0 0 1:4 0 0 0 1:5 0 0 0 1:6 0 0 0 1:7 31 9 1 1:8 0 0 0 1:9 0 0 0 1:10 0 0 0 1:11 0 0 0 1:12 0 0 0 1:13 0 0 0 1:14 0 0 0 1:15 10 31 1 1:16 0 0 0 1:17 0 0 0 1:18 0 0 0 1:19 0 0 0 1:20 0 0 0 1:21 0 0 0 CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh Example usage: To display the current CPU utilization: DGS–3426:5#show utilization cpu Command: show utilization cpu CPU utilization : ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Five seconds – 15% One minute – 25% Five minutes – 14% CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh

71 clear counters Purpose Used to clear the Switch’s statistics counters. Syntax clear counters {ports} Description This command will clear the counters used by the Switch to compile statistics. Parameters ports − Specifies a port or range of ports to be displayed. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3–2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Non–contiguous portlist entries are separated by a comma. (ex: 1:1–1:3,1:7–1:9) Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To clear the counters: DGS–3426:5#clear counters ports 1:2–1:9 Command: clear counters ports 1:2–1:9 Success. DGS–3426:5# clear log Purpose Used to clear the Switch’s history log. Syntax clear log Description This command will clear the Switch’s history log. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To clear the log information: DGS–3426:5#clear log Command: clear log Success. DGS–3426:5# show log Purpose Used to display the switch history log. Syntax show log {index } Description This command will display the contents of the Switch’s history log. Parameters index − This command will display the history log, beginning at 1 and ending at the value specified by the user in the field. If no parameter is specified, all history log entries will be displayed. Restrictions None.

72 Example usage: To display the switch history log: DGS–3426:5#show log index 1–5 Command: show log index 1–5 Index Date Time Log Text ––––– ––––––––– ––––––––– –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 5 2006–04–2 09:38:18 Successful login through Console (Username: Anonymous) 4 2006–04–26 09:36:20 System started up 3 2006–04–25 12:38:18 Port 1 link up, 100Mbps FULL duplex 2 2006–04–25 12:38:00 Spanning Tree Protocol is disabled 1 2006–04–25 12:37:42 Configuration saved to flash (Username: Anonymous) DGS–3426:5# enable syslog Purpose Used to enable the system log to be sent to a remote syslog server. Syntax enable syslog Description This command enables the system log to be sent to a remote syslog server. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable the syslog function on the Switch: DGS–3426:5#enable syslog Command: enable syslog Success. DGS–3426:5# disable syslog Purpose Used to disable the system log to be sent to a remote system log. Syntax disable syslog Description This command disables the system log to be sent to a remote syslog server. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable the syslog function on the Switch: DGS–3426:5#disable syslog Command: disable syslog Success. DGS–3426:5#

73 create syslog host Purpose Used to create a new syslog host. Syntax create syslog host {severity [informational | warning | all] | facility [local0 | local1 | local2 | local3 | local4 | local5 | local6 | local7] | udp_port | ipaddress | state [enable | disable]} Description This command is used to create a new syslog host. Parameters − Specifies that the command will be applied to an index of hosts. There are four available indexes, numbered 1 through 4. severity − Severity level indicator, as shown below: Bold font indicates that the corresponding severity level is currently supported on the Switch. Numerical Severity Code 0 Emergency: system is unusable 1 Alert: action must be taken immediately 2 Critical: critical conditions 3 Error: error conditions 4 Warning: warning conditions 5 Notice: normal but significant condition 6 Informational: informational messages 7 Debug: debug–level messages informational − Specifies that informational messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 6 from the list above. warning − Specifies that warning messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 4 from the list above. all − Specifies that all of the currently supported syslog messages that are generated by the Switch will be sent to the remote host. facility − Some of the operating system daemons and processes have been assigned Facility values. Processes and daemons that have not been explicitly assigned a Facility may use any of the "local use" facilities or they may use the "user–level" Facility. Those Facilities that have been designated are shown in the following: Bold font indicates the facility values that the Switch currently supports. Numerical Facility Code 0 kernel messages 1 user–level messages 2 mail system 3 system daemons 4 security/authorization messages 5 messages generated internally by syslog 6 line printer subsystem 7 network news subsystem 8 UUCP subsystem 9 clock daemon 10 security/authorization messages 11 FTP daemon 12 NTP subsystem 13 log audit 14 log alert 15 clock daemon 16 local use 0 (local0) 17 local use 1 (local1)

74 create syslog host 18 local use 2 (local2) 19 local use 3 (local3) 20 local use 4 (local4) 21 local use 5 (local5) 22 local use 6 (local6) 23 local use 7 (local7) local0 − Specifies that local use 0 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 16 from the list above. local1 − Specifies that local use 1 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 17 from the list above. local2 − Specifies that local use 2 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 18 from the list above. local3 − Specifies that local use 3 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 19 from the list above. local4 − Specifies that local use 4 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 20 from the list above. local5 − Specifies that local use 5 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 21 from the list above. local6 − Specifies that local use 6 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 22 from the list above. local7 − Specifies that local use 7 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 23 from the list above. udp_port − Specifies the UDP port number that the syslog protocol will use to send messages to the remote host. ipaddress − Specifies the IP address of the remote host where syslog messages will be sent. Only IPv4 addresses are supported for this feature. state [enable | disable] − Allows the sending of syslog messages to the remote host, specified above, to be enabled and disabled. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create a syslog host: DGS–3426:5#create syslog host 1 ipaddress 10.1.1.1 state enable Command: create syslog host 1 ipaddress 10.1.1.1 state enable Success. DGS–3426:5# config syslog host Purpose Used to configure the syslog protocol to send system log data to a remote host. Syntax config syslog host [severity [informational | warning | all] | facility [local0 | local1 | local2 | local3 | local4 | local5 | local6 | local7] | udp_port | ipaddress | state [enable | disable]] Description This command is used to configure the syslog protocol to send system log information to a remote host. Parameters − Specifies that the command will be applied to an index of hosts. There are four available indexes, numbered 1 through 4. severity − Severity level indicator. These are described in the following: Bold font indicates that the corresponding severity level is currently supported on the

75 config syslog host Switch. Numerical Severity Code 0 Emergency: system is unusable 1 Alert: action must be taken immediately 2 Critical: critical conditions 3 Error: error conditions 4 Warning: warning conditions 5 Notice: normal but significant condition 6 Informational: informational messages 7 Debug: debug–level messages informational − Specifies that informational messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 6 from the list above. warning − Specifies that warning messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 4 from the list above. all − Specifies that all of the currently supported syslog messages that are generated by the Switch will be sent to the remote host. facility − Some of the operating system daemons and processes have been assigned Facility values. Processes and daemons that have not been explicitly assigned a Facility may use any of the "local use" facilities or they may use the "user–level" Facility. Those Facilities that have been designated are shown in the following: Bold font indicates the facility values the Switch currently supports. Numerical Facility Code 0 kernel messages 1 user–level messages 2 mail system 3 system daemons 4 security/authorization messages 5 messages generated internally by syslog 6 line printer subsystem 7 network news subsystem 8 UUCP subsystem 9 clock daemon 10 security/authorization messages 11 FTP daemon 12 NTP subsystem 13 log audit 14 log alert 15 clock daemon 16 local use 0 (local0) 17 local use 1 (local1) 18 local use 2 (local2) 19 local use 3 (local3) 20 local use 4 (local4) 21 local use 5 (local5) 22 local use 6 (local6) 23 local use 7 (local7) local0 − Specifies that local use 0 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 16 from the list above. local1 − Specifies that local use 1 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 17 from the list above. local2 − Specifies that local use 2 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 18 from the list above. local3 − Specifies that local use 3 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 19 from the list above. local4 − Specifies that local use 4 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 20 from the list above.

76 config syslog host local5 − Specifies that local use 5 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 21 from the list above. local6 − Specifies that local use 6 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 22 from the list above. local7 − Specifies that local use 7 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 23 from the list above. udp_port − Specifies the UDP port number that the syslog protocol will use to send messages to the remote host. ipaddress − Specifies the IP address of the remote host where syslog messages will be sent. Only IPv4 addresses are supported for this feature. state [enable | disable] − Allows the sending of syslog messages to the remote host, specified above, to be enabled and disabled. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure a syslog host: DGS–3426:5#config syslog host 1 severity all Command: config syslog host 1 severity all Success. DGS–3426:5#config syslog host 1 facility local0 Command: config syslog host 1 facility local0 Success. DGS–3426:5#config syslog host 1 udp_port 6000 Command: config syslog host 1 udp_port 6000 Success. DGS–3426:5#config syslog host 1 ipaddress 10.44.67.8 Command: config syslog host 1 ipaddress 10.44.67.8 Success. DGS–3426:5#config syslog host 1 state enabled Command: config syslog host 1 state enabled Success. DGS–3426:5# config syslog host all Purpose Used to configure the syslog protocol to send system log data to a remote host. Syntax config syslog host all [severity [informational | warning | all] | facility [local0 | local1 | local2 | local3 | local4 | local5 | local6 | local7] | udp_port | state [enable | disable]] Description This command is used to configure the syslog protocol to send system log information to a remote host. Parameters all − Specifies that the command will be applied to all hosts. severity − Severity level indicator, as described below: Bold font indicates that the corresponding severity level is currently supported on the Switch. Numerical Severity

77 config syslog host all Code 0 Emergency: system is unusable 1 Alert: action must be taken immediately 2 Critical: critical conditions 3 Error: error conditions 4 Warning: warning conditions 5 Notice: normal but significant condition 6 Informational: informational messages 7 Debug: debug–level messages informational − Specifies that informational messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 6 from the list above. warning − Specifies that warning messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 4 from the list above. all − Specifies that all of the currently supported syslog messages that are generated by the Switch will be sent to the remote host. facility − Some of the operating system daemons and processes have been assigned Facility values. Processes and daemons that have not been explicitly assigned a Facility may use any of the "local use" facilities or they may use the "user–level" Facility. Those Facilities that have been designated are shown in the following: Bold font indicates that the facility values the Switch currently supports. Numerical Facility Code 0 kernel messages 1 user–level messages 2 mail system 3 system daemons 4 security/authorization messages 5 messages generated internally by syslog 6 line printer subsystem 7 network news subsystem 8 UUCP subsystem 9 clock daemon 10 security/authorization messages 11 FTP daemon 12 NTP subsystem 13 log audit 14 log alert 15 clock daemon 16 local use 0 (local0) 17 local use 1 (local1) 18 local use 2 (local2) 19 local use 3 (local3) 20 local use 4 (local4) 21 local use 5 (local5) 22 local use 6 (local6) 23 local use 7 (local7) local0 − Specifies that local use 0 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 16 from the list above. local1 − Specifies that local use 1 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 17 from the list above. local2 − Specifies that local use 2 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 18 from the list above. local3 − Specifies that local use 3 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 19 from the list above. local4 − Specifies that local use 4 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 20 from the list above. local5 − Specifies that local use 5 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 21 from the list above.

78 config syslog host all local6 − Specifies that local use 6 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 22 from the list above. local7 − Specifies that local use 7 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 23 from the list above. udp_port − Specifies the UDP port number that the syslog protocol will use to send messages to the remote host. state [enable | disable] − Allows the sending of syslog messages to the remote host, specified above, to be enabled and disabled. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure all syslog hosts: DGS–3426:5#config syslog host all severity all Command: config syslog host all severity all Success. DGS–3426:5#config syslog host all facility local0 Command: config syslog host all facility local0 Success. DGS–3426:5#config syslog host all udp_port 6000 Command: config syslog host all udp_port 6000 Success. DGS–3426:5#config syslog host all ipaddress 10.44.67.8 Command: config syslog host all ipaddress 10.44.67.8 Success. DGS–3426:5#config syslog host all state enabled Command: config syslog host all state enabled Success. DGS–3426:5# delete syslog host Purpose Used to remove a syslog host, that has been previously configured, from the Switch. Syntax delete syslog host [ | all] Description This command is used to remove a syslog host that has been previously configured from the Switch. Parameters − Specifies that the command will be applied to an index of hosts. There are four available indexes, numbered 1 through 4. all − Specifies that the command will be applied to all hosts. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete a previously configured Syslog host:

79 DGS–3426:5#delete syslog host 4 Command: delete syslog host 4 Success. DGS–3426:5# show syslog host Purpose Used to display the syslog hosts currently configured on the Switch. Syntax show syslog host {} Description This command is used to display the syslog hosts that are currently configured on the Switch. Parameters − Specifies that the command will be applied to an index of hosts. There are four available indexes, numbered 1 through 4. Restrictions None. Example usage: To show syslog host information: DGS–3426:5#show syslog host Command: show syslog host Syslog Global State: Disabled Host Id Host IP Address Severity Facility UDP port Status ––––––– –––––––––––––– –––––––––– –––––––– –––––––– –––––––– 1 10.1.1.2 All Local0 514 Disabled 2 10.40.2.3 All Local0 514 Disabled 3 10.21.13.1 All Local0 514 Disabled Total Entries : 3 DGS–3426:5# show syslog Purpose Used to display the global current running status of the syslog function. Syntax show syslog Description This command will display the current running status of the syslog function on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To show the global state of the syslog function: DGS–3426:5#show syslog Command: show syslog Syslog Global State: Disabled DGS–3426:5#

80 config system_severity Purpose To configure severity level of an alert required for log entry or trap message. Syntax config system_severity [trap | log | all] [critical | warning | information] Description This command is used to configure the system severity levels on the Switch. When an event occurs on the Switch, a message will be sent to the SNMP agent (trap), the Switch’s log or both. Events occurring on the Switch are separated into three main categories, these categories are NOT precisely the same as the parameters of the same name (see below). • Information – Events classified as information are basic events occurring on the Switch that are not deemed as problematic, such as enabling or disabling various functions on the Switch. • Warning – Events classified as warning are problematic events that are not critical to the overall function of the Switch but do require attention, such as unsuccessful downloads or uploads and failed logins. • Critical – Events classified as critical are fatal exceptions occurring on the Switch, such as hardware failures or spoofing attacks. Parameters Choose one of the following to identify where severity messages are to be sent. • trap – Entering this parameter will define which events occurring on the Switch will be sent to a SNMP agent for analysis. • log – Entering this parameter will define which events occurring on the Switch will be sent to the Switch’s log for analysis. • all – Entering this parameter will define which events occurring on the Switch will be sent to a SNMP agent and the Switch’s log for analysis. Choose one of the following to identify what level of severity warnings are to be sent to the destination entered above. critical – Entering this parameter along with the proper destination, stated above, will instruct the Switch to send only critical events to the Switch’s log or SNMP agent. warning – Entering this parameter along with the proper destination, stated above, will instruct the Switch to send critical and warning events to the Switch’s log or SNMP agent. information – Entering this parameter along with the proper destination, stated above, will instruct the switch to send informational, warning and critical events to the Switch’s log or SNMP agent. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the system severity settings for critical traps only: DGS–3426:5#config system_severity trap critical Command: config system_severity trap critical Success. DGS–3426:5# Example usage: To upload an attack log file: DGS–3426:5#upload attack_log_toTFTP 10.53.13.23 c:\attacklog1 unit 1 Command: upload attack_log_toTFTP 10.53.13.23 c:\attacklog1 unit 1 Connecting to server................... Done. Upload attack log...................Done. DGS–3426:5#

81 config log_save_timing Purpose Used to configure the method of saving log files to the switch’s flash memory. Syntax config log_save_timing [time_interval | on_demand | log_trigger] Description This command allows the user to configure the time method used in saving log files to the switch’s flash memory. Parameters time_interval – Use this parameter to configure the time interval that will be implemented for saving log files. The log files will be save every x number of minutes that are configured here. on_demand – Users who choose this method will only save log files when they manually tell the Switch to do so, using the save or save log command. log_trigger – Users who choose this method will have log files saved to the Switch every time a log event occurs on the Switch. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the time interval as every 30 minutes for saving log files: DGS–3426:5#config log_save_timing time_interval 30 Command: config log_save_timing time_interval 30 Success. DGS–3426:5# show log_save_timing Purpose Used to display the method configured for saving log files to the switch’s flash memory. Syntax show log_save_timing Description This command allows the user to view the time method configured for saving log files to the switch’s flash memory. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To configure the time interval as every 30 minutes for saving log files: DGS–3426:5#show log_save_timing Command: show log_save_timing Saving log method: every 30 minute(s) DGS–3426:5#

82 11 MULTIPLE SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL (MSTP) COMMANDS This Switch supports three versions of the Spanning Tree Protocol; 802.1d STP, 802.1w Rapid STP and 802.1s MSTP. Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol, or MSTP, is a standard defined by the IEEE community that allows multiple VLANs to be mapped to a single spanning tree instance, which will provide multiple pathways across the network. Therefore, these MSTP configurations will balance the traffic load, preventing wide scale disruptions when a single spanning tree instance fails. This will allow for faster convergences of new topologies for the failed instance. Frames designated for these VLANs will be processed quickly and completely throughout interconnected bridges utilizing either of the three spanning tree protocols (STP, RSTP or MSTP). This protocol will also tag BDPU packets so receiving devices can distinguish spanning tree instances, spanning tree regions and the VLANs associated with them. These instances will be classified by an instance_id. MSTP will connect multiple spanning trees with a Common and Internal Spanning Tree (CIST). The CIST will automatically determine each MSTP region, its maximum possible extent and will appear as one virtual bridge that runs a single spanning tree. Consequentially, frames assigned to different VLANs will follow different data routes within administratively established regions on the network, continuing to allow simple and full processing of frames, regardless of administrative errors in defining VLANs and their respective spanning trees. Each switch utilizing the MSTP on a network will have a single MSTP configuration that will have the following three attributes: a) A configuration name defined by an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters (defined in the config stp mst_config_id command as name ). b) A configuration revision number (named here as a revision_level) and; c) A 4096 element table (defined here as a vid_range) which will associate each of the possible 4096 VLANs supported by the Switch for a given instance. To utilize the MSTP function on the Switch, three steps need to be taken: a) The Switch must be set to the MSTP setting (config stp version) b) The correct spanning tree priority for the MSTP instance must be entered (config stp priority). c) VLANs that will be shared must be added to the MSTP Instance ID (config stp instance_id). The Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters enable stp disable stp config stp version [mstp | rstp | stp] config stp {maxage |maxhops |hellotime | forwarddelay |txholdcount |fbpdu [enable|disable]|lbd [enable|disable] |lbd_recover_timer [ | ]|nni_bpdu_addr [dot1d | dot1ad]} (1) config stp ports {externalCost [auto | ] |hellotime | migrate [yes|no] |edge [true|false|auto]| p2p [true|false|auto] |state [enable|disable]| restricted_role [true|false] |restricted_tcn [true|false] | lbd [enable|disable]|fbpdu [enable|disable]} (1) create stp instance_id config stp instance _id [add_vlan | remove_vlan] delete stp instance_id config stp priority instance_id config stp mst_config_id {revision_level | name } (1) config stp mst_ports instance_id {internalCost [auto | value 1–200000000] | priority } (1) show stp show stp ports {} show stp instance {}

83 Command Parameters show stp mst_config_id Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. enable stp Purpose Used to globally enable STP on the Switch. Syntax enable stp Description This command allows the Spanning Tree Protocol to be globally enabled on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable STP, globally, on the Switch: DGS–3426:5#enable stp Command: enable stp Success. DGS–3426:5# disable stp Purpose Used to globally disable STP on the Switch. Syntax disable stp Description This command allows the Spanning Tree Protocol to be globally disabled on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable STP on the Switch: DGS–3426:5#disable stp Command: disable stp Success. DGS–3426:5# config stp version Purpose Used to globally set the version of STP on the Switch. Syntax config stp version [mstp | rstp | stp] Description This command allows the user to choose the version of the spanning tree to be implemented on the Switch. Parameters mstp – Selecting this parameter will set the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) globally on the Switch. rstp – Selecting this parameter will set the Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) globally on the Switch. stp – Selecting this parameter will set the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) globally on the Switch.

84 config stp version Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To set the Switch globally for the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP): DGS–3426:5#config stp version mstp Command: config stp version mstp Success. DGS–3426:5# config stp Purpose Used to setup STP, RSTP, and MSTP on the Switch. Syntax config stp {maxage |maxhops |hellotime | forwarddelay |txholdcount |fbpdu [enable|disable]|lbd [enable|disable] |lbd_recover_timer [ | ]|nni_bpdu_addr [dot1d | dot1ad]} (1) Description This command is used to setup the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) for the entire switch. All commands here will be implemented for the STP version that is currently set on the Switch. Parameters maxage − This value may be set to ensure that old information does not endlessly circulate through redundant paths in the network, preventing the effective propagation of the new information. Set by the Root Bridge, this value will aid in determining that the Switch has spanning tree configuration values consistent with other devices on the bridged LAN. If the value ages out and a BPDU has still not been received from the Root Bridge, the Switch will start sending its own BPDU to all other switches for permission to become the Root Bridge. If it turns out that your switch has the lowest Bridge Identifier, it will become the Root Bridge. The user may choose a time between 6 and 40 seconds. The default value is 20. maxhops – The number of hops between devices in a spanning tree region before the BPDU (bridge protocol data unit) packet sent by the Switch will be discarded. Each switch on the hop count will reduce the hop count by one until the value reaches zero. The Switch will then discard the BDPU packet and the information held for the port will age out. The user may set a hop count from 1 to 40. The default is 20. If the entered value is less than 6, the maxhops will be 6. hellotime − The user may set the time interval between transmission of configuration messages by the root device in STP, or by the designated router in RSTP, thus stating that the Switch is still functioning. A time between 1 and 10 seconds may be chosen, with a default setting of 2 seconds. If the value is more than 2, the hellotime will be 2. In MSTP, the spanning tree is configured by port and therefore, the hellotime must be set using the configure stp ports command for switches utilizing the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol. forwarddelay − The maximum amount of time (in seconds) that the root device will wait before changing states. The user may choose a time between 4 and 30 seconds. The default is 15 seconds. txholdcount – The maximum number of BDPU Hello packets transmitted per interval. Default value = 6. fbpdu [enable | disable] − Allows the forwarding of STP BPDU packets from other network devices when STP is disabled on the Switch. The default is disable. lbd [enable | disable] – When this is enabled, the Switch will temporarily block STP switch– wide when a BDPU packet has been looped back. If the Switch detects its own BDPU packet coming back, it signifies a loop on the network. STP will automatically be blocked and an alert will be sent to the administrator. The default is enable. lbd_recover_timer [ 0 | < second 60 –1000000 > ] – Time allowed for recovery after an STP

85 config stp loopback has been detected. After the timer has expired the Switch checks for an STP loopback, if no loopback detected, STP will be resumed. Entering 0 will disable LBD recovery. nni_bpdu_addr [dot1d | dot1ad] – Used to determine the BPDU protocol address for STP in a service provided site. It can use 802.1d STP address, 802.1ad service provider STP address or a user defined mutilcast address. The range of the user defined address is 0180C2000000 - 0180C2FFFFFF. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure STP with maxage 18 and maxhops of 15: DGS–3426:5#config stp maxage 18 maxhops 15 Command: config stp maxage 18 maxhops 15 Success. DGS–3426:5# config stp ports Purpose Used to setup STP on the port level. Syntax config stp ports {externalCost [auto | ] |hellotime | migrate [yes|no] |edge [true|false|auto]| p2p [true|false|auto] |state [enable|disable]| restricted_role [true|false] |restricted_tcn [true|false]|lbd [enable|disable]|fbpdu [enable|disable]} (1) Description This command is used to create and configure STP for a group of ports. Parameters − Specifies a range of ports to be configured. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3– 2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Non–contiguous portlist entries are separated by a comma. (ex: 1:1–1:3,1:7–1:9) externalCost − This defines a metric that indicates the relative cost of forwarding packets to the specified port list. Port cost can be set automatically or as a metric value. The default value is auto. • auto – Setting this parameter for the external cost will automatically set the speed for forwarding packets to the specified port(s) in the list for optimal efficiency. Default port cost: 100Mbps port = 200000. Gigabit port = 20000. • – Define a value between 1 and 200000000 to determine the external cost. The lower the number, the greater the probability the port will be chosen to forward packets. hellotime − The time interval between transmission of configuration messages by the designated port, to other devices on the bridged LAN, thus stating that the Switch is still functioning. The user may choose a time between 1 and 10 seconds. The default is 2 seconds. If the value is more than 2, the hellotime will be 2. migrate [yes | no] – Setting this parameter as “yes” will set the ports to send out BDPU packets to other bridges, requesting information on their STP setting If the Switch is configured for RSTP, the port will be capable to migrate from 802.1d STP to 802.1w RSTP. If the Switch is configured for MSTP, the port is capable of migrating from 802.1d STP to 802.1s MSTP. RSTP and MSTP can coexist with standard STP, however the benefits of RSTP and MSTP are not realized on a port where an 802.1d network connects to an 802.1w or 802.1s enabled network. Migration should be set as yes on ports connected to network stations or segments that are capable of being upgraded to 802.1w RSTP or 802.1s MSTP on all or some portion of the segment. edge [true | false | auto] – true designates the port as an edge port. Edge ports cannot create

86 config stp ports loops, however an edge port can lose edge port status if a topology change creates a potential for a loop. An edge port normally should not receive BPDU packets. If a BPDU packet is received it automatically loses edge port status. false indicates that the port does not have edge port status. auto allows the port to have edge status whenever possible and operate as if the edge status were true. In auto mode, the bridge will delay for a period of time to become edge port if no bridge BPDU is received. p2p [true | false | auto] – true indicates a point–to–point (P2P) shared link. P2P ports are similar to edge ports however they are restricted in that a P2P port must operate in full–duplex. Like edge ports, P2P ports transition to a forwarding state rapidly thus benefiting from RSTP. A p2p value of false indicates that the port cannot have p2p status. auto allows the port to have p2p status whenever possible and operate as if the p2p status were true. If the port cannot maintain this status (for example if the port is forced to half–duplex operation) the p2p status changes to operate as if the p2p value were false. The default setting for this parameter is auto. state [enable | disable] − Allows STP to be enabled or disabled for the ports specified in the port list. The default is enable. restricted_role [ true | false ] –To decide if this port will be selected as the Root Port. The default value is false. restricted_tcn [ true | false ] –To decide if this port not to propagate topology change. The default value is false. lbd [enable | disable] – When this is enabled, the Switch will temporarily block STP on the port when a BDPU packet has been looped back. If the Switch detects its own BDPU packet coming back, it signifies a loop on the network. STP will automatically be blocked and an alert will be sent to the administrator. The default is disable. fbpdu [enable | disable] – Enabling this parameter will allow the forwarding of STP BPDU from other network devices when STP is disabled on the port. The default is disable. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure STP with path cost 19, hellotime set to 5 seconds, migration enable, and state enable for ports 1–5 of module 1. DGS–3426:5#config stp ports 1:1–1:5 externalCost 19 hellotime 5 migrate yes state enable Command: config stp ports 1:1–1:5 externalCost 19 hellotime 5 migrate yes state enable Success. DGS–3426:5# create stp instance_id Purpose Used to create a STP instance ID for MSTP. Syntax create stp instance_id Description This command is used to create an STP instance ID for the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol. There are 16 STP instances on the Switch (one internal CIST, unchangeable) and the user may create up to 15 instance IDs for the Switch. Parameters – Enter a value between 1 and 15 to identify the Spanning Tree instance on the Switch. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create a spanning tree instance 2:

87 DGS–3426:5#create stp instance_id 2 Command: create stp instance_id 2 Success. DGS–3426:5# config stp instance_id Purpose Used to add or delete vlans for instance ID. Syntax config stp instance_id [add_vlan | remove_vlan] Description This command is used to map VIDs (VLAN IDs) to previously configured STP instances on the Switch by creating an instance_id. A STP instance may have multiple members with the same MSTP configuration. There is no limit to the number of STP regions in a network but each region only supports a maximum of 16 spanning tree instances (one unchangeable default entry). VIDs can belong to only one spanning tree instance at a time. Note that switches in the same spanning tree region having the same STP instance_id must be mapped identically, and have the same configuration revision_level number and the same name. Parameters – Enter a number between 1 and 15 to define the instance_id. The Switch supports 16 STP regions with one unchangeable default instance ID set as 0. add_vlan – Along with the vid_range parameter, this command will add VIDs to the previously configured STP instance_id. remove_vlan – Along with the vid_range parameter, this command will remove VIDs to the previously configured STP instance_id. – Specify the VID range from configured VLANs set on the Switch. Supported VIDs on the Switch range from ID number 1 to 4094. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure instance ID 2 to add VID 10: DGS–3426:5#config stp instance_id 2 add_vlan 10 Command : config stp instance_id 2 add_vlan 10 Success. DGS–3426:5# Example usage: To remove VID 10 from instance ID 2: DGS–3426:5#config stp instance_id 2 remove_vlan 10 Command : config stp instance_id 2 remove_vlan 10 Success. DGS–3426:5#

88 delete stp instance_id Purpose Used to delete a STP instance ID from the Switch. Syntax delete stp instance_id Description This command allows the user to delete a previously configured STP instance ID from the Switch. Parameters – Enter a value between 1 and 15 to identify the Spanning Tree instance on the Switch. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete STP instance ID 2 from the Switch. DGS–3426:5#delete stp instance_id 2 Command: delete stp instance_id 2 Success. DGS–3426:5# config stp priority Purpose Used to update the STP instance configuration Syntax config stp priority instance_id Description This command is used to update the STP instance configuration settings on the Switch. The MSTP will utilize the priority in selecting the root bridge, root port and designated port. Assigning higher priorities to STP regions will instruct the Switch to give precedence to the selected instance_id for forwarding packets. The lower the priority value set, the higher the priority. Parameters priority – Select a value between 0 and 61440 to specify the priority for a specified instance id for forwarding packets. The lower the value, the higher the priority. This entry must be divisible by 4096. instance_id – Enter the value corresponding to the previously configured instance id of which the user wishes to set the priority value. An instance id of 0 denotes the default instance_id (CIST) internally set on the Switch. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To set the priority value for instance_id 2 as 4096: DGS–3426:5#config stp priority 4096 instance_id 2 Command : config stp priority 4096 instance_id 2 Success. DGS–3426:5# config stp mst_config_id Purpose Used to update the MSTP configuration identification. Syntax config stp mst_config_id {revision_level | name } (1) Description This command will uniquely identify the MSTP configuration currently configured on the Switch. Information entered here will be attached to BPDU packets as an identifier for the MSTP region to which it belongs. Switches having the same revision_level and name will be considered as part of the same MSTP region.

89 config stp mst_config_id Parameters revision_level – Enter a number between 0 and 65535 to identify the MSTP region. This value, along with the name will identify the MSTP region configured on the Switch. The default setting is 0. name – Enter an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters to uniquely identify the MSTP region on the Switch. This name, along with the revision_level value will identify the MSTP region configured on the Switch. If no name is entered, the default name will be the MAC address of the device. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the MSTP region of the Switch with revision_level 10 and the name “Trinity”: DGS–3426:5#config stp mst_config_id revision_level 10 name Trinity Command : config stp mst_config_id revision_level 10 name Trinity Success. DGS–3426:5# config stp mst_ports Purpose Used to update the port configuration for a MSTP instance. Syntax config stp mst_ports instance_id {internalCost [auto | ] priority } (1) Description This command will update the port configuration for a STP instance_id. If a loop occurs, the MSTP function will use the port priority to select an interface to put into the forwarding state. Set a higher priority value for interfaces to be selected for forwarding first. In instances where the priority value is identical, the MSTP function will implement the lowest port number into the forwarding state and other interfaces will be blocked. Remember that lower priority values mean higher priorities for forwarding packets. Parameters – Specifies a range of ports to be configured. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3–2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Non–contiguous portlist entries are separated by a comma. (ex: 1:1–1:3,1:7–1:9) instance_id – Enter a numerical value between 0 and 15 to identify the instance_id previously configured on the Switch. An entry of 0 will denote the CIST (Common and Internal Spanning Tree). internalCost – This parameter is set to represent the relative cost of forwarding packets to specified ports when an interface is selected within a STP instance. The default setting is auto. There are two options: • auto – Selecting this parameter for the internalCost will set quickest route automatically and optimally for an interface. The default value is derived from the media speed of the interface. • value 1–200000000 – Selecting this parameter with a value in the range of 1– 200000000 will set the quickest route when a loop occurs. A lower internalCost represents a quicker transmission. priority – Enter a value between 0 and 240 to set the priority for the port interface. A higher priority will designate the interface to forward packets first. A lower number denotes a higher priority. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage:

90 To designate ports 1 to 2 on module 1, with instance ID 0, to have an auto internalCost and a priority of 0: DGS–3426:5#config stp mst_ports 1:1–1:2 instance_id 0 internalCost auto priority 0 Command: config stp mst_ports 1:1–1:2 instance_id 0 internalCost auto priority 0 Success. DGS–3426:5# show stp Purpose Used to display the Switch’s current STP configuration. Syntax show stp Description This command displays the Switch’s current STP configuration. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the status of STP on the Switch: Status 1: STP enabled with STP compatible version DGS–3426:5#show stp Command: show stp STP Bridge Global Settings ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– STP Status : Enabled STP Version : STP Compatible Max Age : 20 Hello Time : 2 Forward Delay : 15 Max Age : 20 TX Hold Count : 3 Forwarding BPDU : Enabled Loopback Detection : Enabled LBD Recover Time : 60 NNI BPDU Address : dot1ad DGS–3426:5# Status 2 : STP enabled for RSTP DGS–3426:5#show stp Command: show stp STP Bridge Global Settings ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– STP Status : Enabled STP Version : RSTP Max Age : 20 Hello Time : 2 Forward Delay : 15 Max Age : 20 TX Hold Count : 3 Forwarding BPDU : Enabled Loopback Detection : Enabled LBD Recover Time : 60 NNI BPDU Address : dot1ad DGS–3426:5#

91 Status 3 : STP enabled for MSTP DGS–3426:5#show stp Command: show stp STP Bridge Global Settings ––––––––––––––––––––––––––– STP Status : Enabled STP Version : MSTP Max Age : 20 Forward Delay : 15 Max Hops : 20 TX Hold Count : 3 Forwarding BPDU : Enabled Loopback Detection : Enabled LBD Recover Time : 60 NNI BPDU Address : dot1ad DGS–3426:5# show stp ports Purpose Used to display the Switch’s current STP port configuration. Syntax show stp ports Description This command is used to display the STP port settings and STP port Operational Status currently implemented on the Switch. Parameters − Specifies a range of ports to be configured. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3–2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Non–contiguous portlist entries are separated by a comma. (ex: 1:1–1:3,1:7–1:9) Restrictions None. Example usage: To show STP ports: DGS–3426:5#show stp ports 1:1–1:9 Command: show stp ports 1:1–1:9 MSTP Port Information –––––––––––––––––––––– Port Index : 1:1 , Hello Time: 2 /2 , Port STP : Enabled , LBD : No External PathCost : Auto/200000 , Edge Port : False/No , P2P : Auto /Yes Port RestrictedRole : False, Port RestrictedTCN : False Port Forward BPDU : Disabled MSTI Designated Bridge Internal PathCost Prio Status Role ––––– –––––––––––––––––– ––––––––––––––––– –––– –––––––––– ––––––– –– 0 8000/0050BA7120D6 200000 128 Forwarding Root 1 8001/0053131A3324 200000 128 Forwarding Master CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh

92 show stp instance Purpose Used to display the Switch’s STP instance configuration Syntax show stp instance Description This command is used to display the Switch’s current STP Instance Settings and the STP Instance Operational Status. Parameters – Enter a value defining the previously configured instance_id on the Switch. An entry of 0 will display the STP configuration for the CIST internally set on the Switch. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the STP instance configuration for instance 0 (the internal CIST) on the Switch: DGS–3426:5#show stp instance 0 Command: show stp instance 0 STP Instance Settings ––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Instance Type : CIST Instance Status : Enabled Instance Priority : 32768(Bridge Priority : 32768, SYS ID Ext : 0 ) STP Instance Operational Status –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Designated Root Bridge : 32766/00–90–27–39–78–E2 External Root Cost : 200012 Regional Root Bri : 32768/00–53–13–1A–33–24 Internal Root Cost : 0 Designated Bridge : 32768/00–50–BA–71–20–D6 Root Port : 1:23 Max Age : 20 Forward Delay : 15 Last Topology Change : 856 Topology Changes Count : 2987 CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh show stp mst_config_id Purpose Used to display the MSTP configuration identification. Syntax show stp mst_config_id Description This command is used to display the Switch’s current MSTP configuration identification. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To show the MSTP configuration identification currently set on the Switch:

93 DGS–3426:5#show stp mst_config_id Command: show stp mst_config_id Current MST Configuration Identification –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Configuration Name : 00:19:5B:3D:7C:D6 Revision Level :0 MSTI ID Vid list ––––––– –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– CIST 1–4094 DGS–3426:5#

94 12 FORWARDING DATABASE COMMANDS The layer 2 forwarding database commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters create fdb port create multicast_fdb config multicast_fdb [add | delete] config fdb aging_time delete fdb clear fdb [vlan | port | all] show multicast_fdb {[vlan | vlanid ] | mac_address } show fdb { port | [ vlan | vlanid ] | mac_address | static | aging_time} config multicast filtering_mode [ | all] [forward_all_groups | forward_unregistered_groups | filter_unregistered_groups] show multicast filtering_mode {vlan } show ipfdb Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. create fdb Purpose Used to create a static entry to the unicast MAC address forwarding table (database). Syntax create fdb port Description This command is used to make an entry in the Switch’s unicast MAC address forwarding database. Parameters − The name of the VLAN on which the MAC address resides. − The MAC address that will be added to the forwarding table. port − The port number corresponding to the MAC destination address. The Switch will always forward traffic to the specified device through this port. The port is specified by listing the switch number and the port number on that switch, separated by a colon. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create a unicast MAC FDB entry: DGS–3426:5#create fdb default 00–00–00–00–01–02 port 1:5 Command: create fdb default 00–00–00–00–01–02 port 1:5 Success. DGS–3426:5#

95 create multicast_fdb Purpose Used to create a static entry to the multicast MAC address forwarding table (database) Syntax create multicast_fdb Description This command is used to make an entry in the Switch’s multicast MAC address forwarding database. Parameters − The name of the VLAN on which the MAC address resides. − The MAC address that will be added to the forwarding table. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create multicast MAC forwarding: DGS–3426:5#create multicast_fdb default 01–00–00–00–00–01 Command: create multicast_fdb default 01–00–00–00–00–01 Success. DGS–3426:5# config multicast_fdb Purpose Used to configure the Switch’s multicast MAC address forwarding database. Syntax config multicast_fdb [add | delete] Description This command is used to configure the multicast MAC address forwarding table. Parameters − The name of the VLAN on which the MAC address resides. − The MAC address that will be added to the multicast forwarding table. [add | delete] − add will add ports to the forwarding table. delete will remove ports from the multicast forwarding table. − Specifies a port or range of ports to be configured. The port list is specified by listing the lowest switch number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest switch number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3–2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Non–contiguous portlist entries are separated by a comma. (ex: 1:1–1:3,1:7–1:9) Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To add multicast MAC forwarding: DGS–3426:5#config multicast_fdb default 01–00–00–00–00–01 add 1:1–1:5 Command: config multicast_fdb default 01–00–00–00–00–01 add 1:1–1:5 Success. DGS–3426:5#

96 config fdb aging_time Purpose Used to set the aging time of the forwarding database. Syntax config fdb aging_time Description The aging time affects the learning process of the Switch. Dynamic forwarding table entries, which are made up of the source MAC addresses and their associated port numbers, are deleted from the table if they are not accessed within the aging time. The aging time can be from 10 to 1000000 seconds with a default value of 300 seconds. A very long aging time can result in dynamic forwarding table entries that are out–of–date or no longer exist. This may cause incorrect packet forwarding decisions by the Switch. If the aging time is too short however, many entries may be aged out too soon. This will result in a high percentage of received packets whose source addresses cannot be found in the forwarding table, in which case the Switch will broadcast the packet to all ports, negating many of the benefits of having a switch. Parameters − The aging time for the MAC address forwarding database value. The value in seconds may be between 10 and 1000000 seconds. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To set the FDB aging time: DGS–3426:5#config fdb aging_time 300 Command: config fdb aging_time 300 Success. DGS–3426:5# delete fdb Purpose Used to delete an entry to the Switch’s forwarding database. Syntax delete fdb Description This command is used to delete a previous entry to the Switch’s MAC address forwarding database. Parameters − The name of the VLAN on which the MAC address resides. − The MAC address that will be deleted from the forwarding table. Restrictions Only Administrator and Operator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete a permanent FDB entry: DGS–3426:5#delete fdb default 00–00–00–00–01–02 Command: delete fdb default 00–00–00–00–01–02 Success. DGS–3426:5# Example usage: To delete a multicast FDB entry: