Nokia RH-77 Troubleshooting Manual

2118 (RH-77) Mobile Terminal Issue 01 04/2005 Company Confidential ©2005 Nokia Corporation RF Description and Troubleshooting

Nokia Customer Care Page 2 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 Contents Page Components ..................................................................................................................................................... 3 Transmitter Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................... 5 Low Tx Power ................................................................................................................................................5 Cell Transmitter Setup ...............................................................................................................................5 Cell Transmitter Path ..................................................................................................................................8 Tx AGC Tuning ........................................................................................................................................ 11 Cell Power Amplifier ............................................................................................................................. 12 Cell PMIC.................................................................................................................................................. 12 Cell IF/RF AGC and PA Control........................................................................................................... 14 Cell Power Detector .............................................................................................................................. 16 Tx System Block Diagram ........................................................................................................................18 Receiver Troubleshooting.......................................................................................................................... 19 Rx IF ...............................................................................................................................................................19 Switching the Gain ...................................................................................................................................24 Rx RF .............................................................................................................................................................26 Rx AGC (Cell mode)............................................................................................................................... 28 Receiver Block Diagram ...........................................................................................................................30 Synthesizer Troubleshooting .................................................................................................................... 31 Synthesizer Setup ......................................................................................................................................31 VCTCXO Tuning ...........................................................................................................................................33 VCTCXO Reference Clock..................................................................................................................... 36 Synthesizer Block Diagram .....................................................................................................................37 UHF Synthesizer .........................................................................................................................................38 Rx VHF ..........................................................................................................................................................39 Tx VHF ...........................................................................................................................................................40

RF Description and Troubleshooting 2118 (RH-77) Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 3 Components Figure 1 and Figure 2 illustrate the main components of the 2118. Figure 1: RF components (top) RF connector LCD module connector

Nokia Customer Care Page 4 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 Figure 2: RF components (bottom) Rx IF CDMA filter Rx downconverter Cell Tx PA Cell isolator Rx IC LNA+downconverter Cell Rx RF SAW filter Cell Tx SAW filter Tx Up-Converter VCO VCTCXO UPP UEM PA PMIC DC-DC converter On/Off switch Flash Pop-port connector Cell duplexer Battery converter SIM card connector

RF Description and Troubleshooting 2118 (RH-77) Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 5 Transmitter Troubleshooting Low Tx Power Use Phoenix to turn on the transmitter in Local Mode, and check the following: • Verify the current (0.7 - 1A for max power, mode, and channel dependent). • Use a microscope to visually inspect the PWB for proper placement, rotation, and soldering of components. • Look for the presence of a Tx signal on the spectrum analyzer at the correct frequency: • If the signal is not on frequency, check in the 100 MHz span. • If the signal is present but off frequency, check the synthesizer. Most likely, one of the synthesizers is not locked, or the VCO has no output signal. • If the signal is not present, or is present but low in amplitude, use the probing tables to determine where in the chain the fault occurs. • Verify that the AGC PDMs are set for the desired Tx power as listed in the Tx AGC Tuning table on page 11, and ensure that the AGC voltages are correct. • Check the synthesizers for proper frequency and amplitude. • Ensure that the power supplies to the transmitter have the correct voltage. Cell Transmitter Setup Use the following steps to set up the mobile terminal for Tx troubleshooting in Phoenix. 1. Open the Phone Control dialog box. Figure 3: Phone Control dialog box for Tx troubleshooting

Nokia Customer Care Page 6 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 2. Click the LOCAL button in the Phone State area to put the mobile terminal into Local Mode. 3. Select the following values on the RF Main Mode dialog box: • Band = Cell (CDMA) • Channel = 384 • Mode = Rx/Tx Figure 4: RF Main Mode dialog box for Tx troubleshooting 4. Click Set. Note: Be sure that the “RF Main Mode set successfully” message appears in the status bar. 5. Select the Rho ON check box on the CDMA Control dialog box. Figure 5: CDMA Control dialog box for Tx troubleshooting 6. Click Execute. 7. At this point you should be able to measure Tx Pout at the RF connector. The cell band Tx Pout =0 to 2 dBm. If you do not see these values, set the AGC PDM for 25 dBm and probe the Tx path to figure out where in the path the fault occurs. 8. Open the General I/O dialog box to set the PA gain state.

RF Description and Troubleshooting 2118 (RH-77) Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 7 9. Enter 10, 13, 12, and 8 in the PIN # fields. Figure 6: General I/O dialog box for Tx troubleshooting 10. Select the boxes in the Enable column for each pin. 11. Click the Get All button. 12. Ensure that all of the pins have a value of H in the State column. (Click the L values to change them to H values.) 13. Adjust the following PDM field values on the RF PDM dialog box: • Tx IF AGC = -280 • Tx RF AGC = -280

Nokia Customer Care Page 8 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 Figure 7: RF PDM dialog box for Tx troubleshooting 14. Ensure that the Phone Tx Pout = +25 dBm and the current = 770-860 mA. Cell Transmitter Path Table 1 indicates the test points (see Figure 8) to probe when troubleshooting the cell transmitter path. It is recommended that you follow the steps in order. An HP high frequency probe was used to make the frequency and output power measurements Table 1: Cell Transmitter Test Points Test Point Part* Function Typical Value/ Frequency HP85024A Typical Value Frequency Prod Probe Comments T1 Z601 pin1 N601-Out -43 dBm/ 836.52 MHz -13.2 dBm/ 836.52 MHz Output of N601 Driver, Input to Tx SAW Filter T2 Z601 pin 3 PA-In -25 dBm/ 836.52 MHz -15.4 dBm/ 836.52 MHz Output of Tx SAW, Input to PA T3 N803 pin 8 PA-Out 5.0 dBm/ 836.52 MHz 18.3 dBm/ 836.52 MHz Output of PA, Input to Isolator T4 Z803T Iso-Out 2.2 dBm/ 836.52 MHz 10.3 dBm/ 836.52 MHz Output of Isolator, Input to Duplexer T5 C603L IF-Out -29 dBm/ 228.6 MHz -24 dBm/ 228.6 MHz Tx IF Probing Point at IF Filter T6 C638T, C654T, C633R, C635R, C603LR VR5 2.7 V dc VHF VCO/PLL, IQ modulator supply from UEM T7 C655R VR7 2.7 V dc UHF PLL Supply from UEM

RF Description and Troubleshooting 2118 (RH-77) Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 9 * The R, L, T, and B values at the end of the part names indicate the Right, Left, Top, and Bottom side of the part respectively in Figure 8 and Figure 9. T8 C636L, C624T, L609B, C612L, C630B, L607B VR2 2.7 V dc Mixer, driver, and IF supply from UEM T9 C605R, C606R VAGC-Tx 0.2 to 1.8 V dc Tx AGC Control Voltage from UPP. 0.2 V = Max Gain 1.8 V = Min Gain T10 C658R, C600T VIO-Tx 1.8 V dc Supply for Digital circuits from UEM T11 C805B, C810T, C816R VBAT 3.6 V dc Battery Voltage (Nominal Voltage 3.6 V dc) T12 C802L, C813L VPA 3.6 V dc (High Gain) Main PA Supply Voltage from PMIC. Lgain=0.8 V, Mgain=-1.25 V, Hgain=Vbat T13 C814R VG 1.8 V dc (Enable) PA Gate Voltage (Enable/Disable) Disable=0 V Table 1: Cell Transmitter Test Points (Continued) Test Point Part* Function Typical Value/ Frequency HP85024A Typical Value Frequency Prod Probe Comments

Nokia Customer Care Page 10 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 Figure 8 shows each test point for the N601 TXIC section from Table 1, “Cell Transmitter Test Points,” on page 8. Always attach a 20 dB pad (11881-60001) when probing with an HP85024A high-frequency probe. Figure 8: (Top) PWB. (Bottom left) A zoomed view of the testing points on the N601 TXIC section. (Bottom right) A zoomed view of the N601 TXIC section with part numbers.

RF Description and Troubleshooting 2118 (RH-77) Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 11 Figure 9 shows each testing point for the PA section from Table 1, “Cell Transmitter Test Points,” on page 8. Always attach a 20 dB pad (11881-60001) when probing with an HP85024A high frequency probe. Figure 9: (Top) PWB. (Bottom left) A zoomed view of the testing points on the PA section. (Bottom right) A zoomed view of the PA section with part numbers. Tx AGC Tuning Tx power versus IF/RF PDM can be verified against FlaLi specification limits. Make sure that the PA is set in high gain mode (GenIO bits 10, 13, and 12 are set to H). Table 2: Tx AGC Tuning Steps Tx Tuning AGC Step Tx AGC PDM Value Target Power Low Limit High Limit Tx AGC (0) 308 -46 -55 -37 Tx AGC (1) 130 -24 -34 -14 Tx AGC (2) 85 -15 -25 -6 Tx AGC (3) 51 -4.5 -14 5 Tx AGC (4) 19 2.5 -7 12 Tx AGC (5) -5 6 -3 15

Nokia Customer Care Page 12 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 *Not an actual FlaLi tuning PDM. The PDM produces approximately 25 dBm at the antenna connector. Cell Power Amplifier The power amplifier (PA) has the DC/DC converter (PMIC device), which controls the transmitter. The following tables show the circuits that have an effect on the transmitter path and how to troubleshoot them. *Not an actual FlaLi tuning PDM. PDM to produce approximately 25 dBm at antenna connector. Cell PMIC The following tables show the PMIC troubleshooting information. Tx AGC (6) -94 15 6 24 Tx AGC (7)* -280* 25 21 27 Table 3: PA Power and Gain Measurements Power Amp Input Test Point Power Amp Output Test Point pin3-Z601 left-R814 Table 4: PA Power and Gain Specifications Mode Name Power Output Range Nominal Gain Vcc Range Vcc Test Point Gain mode 0 V0 up to 6 23.8 0.75- 0.88 C806 Gain mode 1 V1 6 to 11 25.2 1.125- 1.375 C806 Gain mode 3 V2 Not used Not used 2 - 2.5 C806 Gain mode 2 Bypass 11 up 29 3 - 4 C806 Gain mode 0 V0 up to 6 23.8 0.75- 0.88 C806 Gain mode 1 V1 6 to 11 25.2 1.125- 1.375 C806 Table 5: PMIC Setup Mode Tx Rx Band Local On On CELL Table 2: Tx AGC Tuning Steps (Continued) Tx Tuning AGC Step Tx AGC PDM Value Target Power Low Limit High Limit

RF Description and Troubleshooting 2118 (RH-77) Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 13 Table 6: PMIC Measurements Pin Label Test Point Units Depends On Comments 1 EP Pin 1 1.8 UPP IC enable = GenIO 10 2 M0 Pin 2 1.8 UPP Control 0 = GenIO 12 3 M1 Pin 3 1.8 UPP Control 1 = GenIO 13 4 NC NC NC NC NC 5 FB Pin 5 0.75 - 4 M0, M1 See PA worksheet. Output to flyback inductor. 6 FB Pin 6 0.75 - 4 M0, M1 Shares PWB pad with pin 5 7 BYPVout bottom- C808 0.75 - 4 M0, M1 PMIC bypass output used at Pout > 12 dBm 8 VDD right-L810 VBATT VBATT Digital DC supply, shared with pin 12, 14, and 15 9 VSS GND GND GND Digital GND, shared gnd with pin 13 10 NC NC NC NC NC 11 Vbgap NC NC NC Bandgap voltage output 12 VDD right-L810 VBATT VBATT Digital DC supply 13 Vss GND GND GND Digital GND, shared gnd with pin 9 14 Vsw right-L810 VBATT VBATT Switcher supply 15 Vsw right-L810 VBATT VBATT Switcher supply 16 Gsw GND GND GND Switcher GND, does not share with pin 9 and pin 13 Table 7: Good Mobile Terminal PMIC Resistances Pin Resistance 1 60 k 2 75 k 3 80 k 4 1.59 M 5 1.6 M 6 2 M 7 2 M 8 2 M 9 0.1 10 100

Nokia Customer Care Page 14 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 Cell IF/RF AGC and PA Control Table 8, “Cell CDMA Channel 384 (Skyworks PA),” on page 15 illustrates the PDM values and their typical values for the IF AGC, RF AGC N601 Pout, gain steps, and the PA VCC levels. This table also shows the typical power output at the RF connector. 11 115 k 12 60 k 13 0.2 14 1.3 M 15 1.18 M 16 0.1 Table 7: Good Mobile Terminal PMIC Resistances (Continued) Pin Resistance

RF Description and Troubleshooting Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 15 Table 8: Cell CDMA Channel 384 (Skyworks PA) Tx RF AGC Tx IF AGC N601 Po PA Gain Step PA Vcc Conn RF Pout PDM Typical Value Test Point PDM Typical Value Test Point Typical Value Test Point Gen IO 12 Gen IO 13 Typical Value Test Point PA Gain -290 0.45 Bottom C606 -290 0.45 Top C605 3 pin 1 Z601 H H 3.47 C806 DM 25 -196 0.59 -196 0.59 -2 H H 3.61 28 20 -95 0.75 -95 0.75 -9.2 H H 3.67 28 13.2 -95 0.75 -95 0.75 -9.2 H L 1.2 26 11 -48 0.83 -48 0.83 -13 H L 1.2 25.8 7 -48 0.83 -48 0.83 -13 L L 0.82 24.5 6 17 0.93 17 0.93 -19 L L 0.82 0 80 1.04 80 1.04 -29 L L 0.82 -10 120 1.11 120 1.11 -39 L L 0.82 -20 168 1.19 168 1.19 -49 L L 0.82 -30 249 1.32 249 1.32 -59 L L 0.82 -40 324 1.49 324 1.49 -69 L L 0.82 -50

Nokia Customer Care Page 16 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 Cell Power Detector The following tables illustrate the measurements required for troubleshooting the cell power detector. Table 9: Cell Power Setup Mode Tx Rx Band Chnn Rho Local On On CELL 384 On Input Chnn Tx Freq Rx Freq 384 836.52 881.52 Table 10: Cell Power Measurements: Cell, Channel 384 Tx ADC PA Gain Step Conn RF Pout Power Detector Comments RF/IF pdm GIO 12 GIO 13 Pout at Detector Test Point Det Out Test Point mA Det=Detector Po=Power 324 L L -50 -86.3 Right R814 2 Left C807 235 Cell band and detector coupling is about 22 dB 142 L L -25 -63 2 235 17 L L 0 -41 1.998 235 -48 L L 6 -30 1.967 250 -48 H L 7 -29 1.957 268 -95 H L 11 -26 1.93 286 -95 H H 13.2 -23.5 1.9 435 -146 H H 17 -21.5 1.86 486 -178 H H 19 -19 1.812 550 -214 H H 21 -17 1.745 630 -252 H H 23 -15 1.667 730 -290 H H 25 -12 1.547 860 -316 H H 26 -11.5 1.485 950 -328 H H 26.5 -11 1.44 1000 -351 H H 27.5 -10 1.36 1095 none dBm dBm/ 30kHz VDC dBm only refers to total power measured

RF Description and Troubleshooting 2118 (RH-77) Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 17 Table 11: Detector Reference and DC Supply label Test Point Typical Value Det Ref left-C803 2 Det Supply bottom-C257 2.8 VDC

Nokia Customer Care Page 18 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 Tx System Block Diagram See the Schematics chapter for a 2118 transmitter schematic. Figure 10: Tx system block diagram 0º I Q 0º UHF LO 90º Isolator Power Detector To Baseband ÷2/÷4 90º VHF LO 90º 0º 90º 0º Cell RX Antenna Duplexer From Baseband 0º I Q 0º UHF LO 90º Isolator 0º I Q 0º UHF LO 90º Isolator Power Detector To Baseband ÷2/÷4 90º VHF LO 90º 0º 90º 0º Cell RX Antenna Duplexer From Baseband Power Detector Power Detector To Baseband ÷2/÷4 90º VHF LO 90º 0º 90º 0º Cell RX Antenna Duplexer From Baseband ÷2/÷4 90º VHF LO 90º 0º 0º 90º 0º 0º Cell RX Antenna Duplexer From Baseband 457.2MHz BB I LPF IQ Modulator IF VGA (IF AGC PDM) 1052.61-107757MHz Upconverter RF VGA (RF AGC PDM) Tx SAW Bandpass PWR Amplifier TP1 TP2 TP3 TP4

RF Description and Troubleshooting 2118 (RH-77) Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 19 Receiver Troubleshooting Rx IF Use Phoenix to perform the following steps for troubleshooting the receiver. Together with the VCO frequency and level verification, this test should be the first test for a non- working receiver. This test verifies the entire receiver chain, from input connector to baseband output. 1. Inject a CW signal 881.82 MHz or 881.22 MHz (CH-384 offset by 300 KHz) at a fixed –75 dBm power level. If you do not have a signal generator, use the call box in AMPS mode on Channel 374 or 394 (10 channels away from channel 384). 2. Open the Phone Control dialog box. Figure 11: Phone Control dialog box for Rx IF troubleshooting 3. Click the LOCAL button in the Phone State area to put the mobile terminal into Local Mode. 4. Select the following values on the RF Main Mode dialog box: • Band = Cell (CDMA) • Channel = 384 • Mode = Rx

Nokia Customer Care Page 20 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 Figure 12: RF Main Mode dialog box for Rx IF troubleshooting 5. Click Set. Note: Be sure that the “RF Main Mode set successfully” message appears in the status bar. 6. Use a spectrum analyzer to test TP3 (I+,I-, Q+, Q-). Set the S.A to 300 KHz center frequency, 200 KHz SPAN, and +10 dBm reference level. The spectrum analyzer should read –8 dBm without any settings to the PDM. 7. Use Table 12 to configure the CDMA generator code domain. Table 13 shows the steps for Rx IF troubleshooting. See Figure 13 on page 22 for an illustration of the corresponding test points. Table 12: CDMA Generator Code Domain Setup Channel Power Walsh Code Pilot -7dB 0 Paging -12dB 1 Traffic -15.6dB 10 Sync -16dB 32 Table 13: Rx IF Troubleshooting Step # Part Function Typical Value/ Frequency HP85024A Typical Value Frequency Prod Probe Comments TP1 L702R IF-IN +1.3 dBm/ 183.6MHz -12/-27 dBm 183.6 MHz I.F Input to Z701 (I.F filter). NOT 50 ohm TP2 L701L/R SAW Out -16 dBm/ 183.6MHz -35/-50 dBm 183.6 MHz Differential outputs of Z701. NOT 50 ohm

RF Description and Troubleshooting 2118 (RH-77) Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 21 * The R, L, T, and B values at the end of the part numbers indicate the Right, Left, Top, and Bottom side of the part respectively in Figure 13. TP3 I+, I-, Q+, Q- I/Q outputs of N700 300KHz tone for input: 881.22 MHz -69/-84 dBm 300 KHz Baseband differential outputs of the IF IC (N700). To test: set the input to 881.22 or 881.82 MHz/-75 dBm to get a 300 KHz tone when receiver is on channel 384 (881.52 MHz) TP4 C728T 19.2MHz In +6.5 dBm 19.2 MHz -22 dBm 19.2 MHz Sine wave input to N700 from VCTCXO. TP5 C711T 19.2MHz Out +4 dBm 19.2 MHz -25 dBm 19.2 MHz Square wave output of N700 to baseband. TP6 L708R (L708R for Prod Probe) VHF VCO +1.0 dBm 367.2 MHz -61 dBm 367.2 MHz Rx VHF VCO - Fixed at 367.2 MHz (Be careful not to load the circuit with the probe.) TP7 C731T VREF 1.35 Vdc System reference voltage 1.35 Vdc from UEM. TP8 R702L (C703R) RX_IF_AGC 0.2 to 1.8 Vdc AGC control Voltage. 0.2V = Max Gain, 1.8 V = Minimum Gain TP9 R703T (R701L, R715T) VR7 2.7 Vdc VHF VCO Supply from UEM TP10 C734B VR3 2.7 Vdc VCTCXO buffer supply from UEM. TP11 C712R, C744R VR6 2.7 Vdc Main supply to N700, from UEM. TP12 C710T, C704B VIO 1.8 Vdc Digital circuits supply from UEM. Table 13: Rx IF Troubleshooting (Continued) Step # Part Function Typical Value/ Frequency HP85024A Typical Value Frequency Prod Probe Comments

Nokia Customer Care Page 22 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 Figure 13 shows each test point as listed in Table 13. Figure 13: (Top) PWB. (Bottom left) A zoomed view of the testing points on the Rx IF section. (Bottom right) A zoomed view of the Rx IF section with part numbers.

RF Description and Troubleshooting 2118 (RH-77) Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 23 Figure 14 shows an alternate part orientation. Notice that Pin 1 is rotated 180 degrees compared to the first filter as shown in Figure 13 on page 22. All test points and values are the same. Figure 14: Alternate part orientation with pin 1 rotated 180 degrees

Nokia Customer Care Page 24 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 Switching the Gain Use the following steps if the receiver is not working properly and you need to switch the Rx gain state. 1. Open the Phone Control dialog box. Figure 15: Phone Control dialog box for switching the Rx gain state 2. Click the LOCAL button in the Phone State area to put the mobile terminal into Local Mode. 3. Select the following values on the RF Main Mode dialog box: • Band = Cell (CDMA) • Channel = 384 • Mode = Rx Figure 16: RF Main Mode dialog box for switching the Rx gain state 4. Click Set. Note: Be sure that the “RF Main Mode set successfully” message appears in the status bar.

RF Description and Troubleshooting 2118 (RH-77) Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 25 5. Connect a signal generator in CW mode (881.52 MHz, -25 dBm) to the RF connector. If you do not have a generator, use the Call Box Amps Mode RF Generator, Channel 384, -25 dBm and set the FM modulation to 100 Hz, deviation 400 Hz. 6. To switch the Rx gain states, open the RF Register R/W dialog box. Two gain states (Hi and Lo) are available in the receiver. Figure 17: RF Register R/W dialog box for switching Rx gain states 7. Select the appropriate gain states from Register #6. The following values apply: • Bit 0=1, means a Hi gain state. • Bit 0=0, means a Lo gain state. High gain state

Nokia Customer Care Page 26 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 Rx RF The following Rx RF Troubleshooting table indicates the test points to probe when troubleshooting the Rx RF. It is recommended that you follow the steps in order. See Figure 18 on page 27 for an illustration of the test points. * The R, L, T, and B values at the end of the part names indicate the Right, Left, Top, and Bottom side of the part respectively in Figure 18. Table 14: Rx RF Troubleshooting Step # Part Function Typical Value/ Frequency HP85024A Typical Value Frequency Prod Probe Comments R1 L802R (Top side of the PWB) RF-IN -25 dBm/ 881.52 MHz -42 dBm 881.52 MHz Input Connector reference level R2 L906L LNA-In -35dBm/ 881.52MHz -42dBm 881.52MHz Test Duplexer insertion Loss (Without DC Block) R3 C903L LNA-Out -13/-31dBm 881.52MHz -29/-45dBm 881.52MHz Test LNA gain ~ 13dB R4 Z901-R- Bottom, N901-Pin16 RF Filter Output Mixer-In -18/-35dBm 881.52MHz -30/-45dBm 881.52MHz Test RF Filter Insertion loss (Without DC Block) R5 C906R Mixer-out -5/-21dBm 183.6 MHz -23/-38dBm 183.6MHz Test Output on Downconverter on N901 R6 C912B/R914R IF Output to N700 +1.5/-15dBm 183.6MHz -12/-29dBm 183.6MHz Test N2302 output to N700 IF-IC R7 R912B/R911L L.O Input to N901 -2.5dBm 1065.12MHz -18dBm 1065.12MHz Test VCO output to N2302 Levels are for Channel 384 R8 R9056T, L909L, L901T, R910B VR4 2.7V dc Power supply to N2302 R9 R902B Rx-SW1 H.G = 2.7V L.G = 0V LNA gain control, on the N2302 side, High Gain > 2.5V dc

RF Description and Troubleshooting 2118 (RH-77) Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 27 Figure 18: (Top left) PWB. (Top right) The antenna connector on the opposite side of the PWB, (Bottom left) A zoomed view of the testing points on the Rx RF section. (Bottom right) A zoomed view of the Rx RF section with part numbers. Antennae Connector (top side) R1

Nokia Customer Care Page 28 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 Rx AGC (Cell mode) The following Rx RF AGC PDM vs. AGC Voltage table shows the Rx RF AGC PDM vs. AGC voltages in local mode on channel 384. Table 15: Rx RF AGC PDM vs. AGC Voltage PDM Typical Value Test Point -512 0.08 right R702 -400 0.260 -300 0.436 -200 0.597 -100 0.753 0 0.913 100 1.076 200 1.24 300 1.403 350 1.494 400 1.570 500 1.740 511 1.761 UNITS VDC Table 16: Rx AGC vs. RF Pin for CELL Band Conn RF Pin CELL RF AGC Comments -25 1.492 -35 1.298 -45 1.159 In Normal mode, the mobile terminal will adjust RF RX AGC -55 1.019 Rx power is coming in, the I and Q will be about 0.5Vpp and 1.3V -65 0.861 -75 0.705 Approximately 1pdm per 1mV -85 0.530 -92 0.425 -95 0.633 Note the reduced delta because the LNA is switched on -100 0.594 -105 0.524

RF Description and Troubleshooting 2118 (RH-77) Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 29 -107 0.470 UNITS VDC Table 16: Rx AGC vs. RF Pin for CELL Band (Continued) Conn RF Pin CELL RF AGC Comments

Nokia Customer Care Page 30 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 Receiver Block Diagram See the Schematics chapter for a 2118 receiver schematic. Figure 19: Receiver block diagram LNA SW Control RFA VHF PLL 367.2 MHz 2 ÷ I/Q Down Converter CDMA BB Filter BB AMP CDMA BB Filters Duplexer LNA SAW CELL UHF Synthsizer JEDI Bias and Control VCTCXO Reference Clock To Base-Band To BB UHF VCO 1052.61-1077.57 Loop Filter IFA IF SAW VGA Antenna AFC BB AMP TX

RF Description and Troubleshooting 2118 (RH-77) Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 31 Synthesizer Troubleshooting Faulty synthesizers can cause both Rx and Tx failures during tuning, in addition to the VCTCXO tuning. The following synthesizers are incorporated into the mobile terminal: • UHF (cell) PLL inside N601 IC • Tx VHF (457.2MHz) with PLL in N601 IC in Cell Mode • Tx VHF (527.2MHz) with PLL in N601 IC in PCS Mode • Rx VHF (367.2MHz) with PLL in N700 IC Synthesizer Setup Use the following steps to set up the mobile terminal for Tx troubleshooting in Phoenix. 1. Open the Phone Control dialog box. Figure 20: Phone Control dialog box for Tx troubleshooting 2. Click the LOCAL button in the Phone State area to put the mobile terminal into Local Mode. 3. Use the following settings for the Band, Channel, and Mode fields on the RF Main Mode dialog box: • UHF: Use the Rx/Tx mode and channel 384 in Cell band. This allows you to check power in both the Rx and Tx circuits. • Rx VHF: Use the Rx mode. One band is enough. • Tx VHF: Use the Rx/Tx mode in Cell band.

Nokia Customer Care Page 32 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 Figure 21: RF Main Mode dialog box for synthesizer troubleshooting 4. Click Set. Note: Be sure that the “RF Main Mode set successfully” message appears in the status bar. 5. Read register templates N601(0) bits 10 and 11 for the UHF and Tx VHF lock condition on the RF Register R/W dialog box. Figure 22: RF Register R/W dialog box for synthesizer setup 6. Read register templates N700(0) bit 11 for the RX VHF lock condition.

RF Description and Troubleshooting 2118 (RH-77) Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 33 VCTCXO Tuning The VCTCXO can be manually tuned to verify failed tuned mobile terminals, or to verify if a mobile terminal cannot make a call. This can be done with the mobile terminal in Local Mode and generating a CW signal. The frequency accuracy of the VCTCXO can be measured using an HP8960 callbox in AMPS mode, an HP4406 Tx tester, or a spectrum analyzer (preferably using a lab system 10MHz source as equipment reference). Replace the VCTCXO if the VCTCXO AFC DAC value does not meet the tuning requirements after tuning. Use the following steps to manually tune the VCTCXO: 1. Open the Phone Control dialog box. Figure 23: Phone Control dialog box for VCTCXO troubleshooting 2. Click the LOCAL button in the Phone State area to put the mobile terminal into Local Mode. 3. Select the following values on the RF Main Mode dialog box: • Band = Cell (CDMA) • Channel = 384 • Mode = Rx/Tx

Nokia Customer Care Page 34 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 Figure 24: RF Main Mode dialog box for VCTCXO troubleshooting 4. Do not use CDMA control to turn on Rho. 5. Open the BB General I/O dialog box to set the CW signal. 6. Type 10, 13, 12, and 8 in the fields in the PIN # column. Figure 25: General I/O dialog box for VCTCXO tuning 7. Click the Get All button. 8. Change the value for Pin 8 in the Source column to GenIO Output. 9. Ensure that all of the pins have a value of H in the State column. (Click the L values to change them to H values.)

RF Description and Troubleshooting 2118 (RH-77) Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 35 10. The next step depends on the type of measurement equipment you are using: • HP4406 or a spectrum analyzer: Set the center frequency to 836.52MHz and the span to 2MHz. Also, establish a marker at 836.52MHz. • HP8960: Set the callbox state to AMPS, and set the channel to 384. Use the Frequency Accuracy measurement to center the VCTCXO. 11. Adjust the AFC value to center the VCTCXO on the RF PDM dialog box. The tuning range is approximately +/- 10kHz. Figure 26: Manually adjusting the AFC to center VCTCXO 12. Adjust the AFC value so that the output signal is within +/- 100Hz. If you are using an HP4406 or a spectrum analyzer, narrow the span to 1kHz or less.

Nokia Customer Care Page 36 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 VCTCXO Reference Clock Figure 27 shows the 19.2 MHz VCTCXO reference clock. Figure 27: (Top) PWB. (Bottom left) A zoomed view of the testing points on the 19.2 MHz VCTCXO reference clock. (Bottom right) A zoomed view of the 19.2 MHz VCTCXO reference clock with part numbers. To To PLL

RF Description and Troubleshooting Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 37 Synthesizer Block Diagram See the Schematics chapter for the synthesizer schematic. Figure 28: Synthesizer block diagram JEDI VHF counter UHF counter Yoda VHF counter 367.2MHz CELL:457.2MHz CELLl Band UHF VCO 19.2MHz to UPP 19.2MHz VCTCXO JEDI VHF counter UHF counter Yoda VHF counter 367.2MHz CELL:457.2MHz CELLl Band UHF VCO 19.2MHz to UPP 19.2MHz VCTCXO

Nokia Customer Care Page 38 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 UHF Synthesizer Following are possible causes for an incorrect UHF frequency: • Orientation of N601 • Power supplies to N601 PLL are missing or low (VR7) • Loop filter components are missing or incorrectly installed • Matching components to N601 TxLO/PLL input are missing or incorrectly installed • 19.2MHz reference clock is missing or low • Programming is incorrect • Component failure (VCO or PLL portion of N601) Figure 29 and Figure 30 show the UHF synthesizer layout. Figure 29: (Top) PWB. (Bottom left) A zoomed view of the testing points on the UHF synthesizer layout. (Bottom right) A zoomed view of the UHF synthesizer layout with part numbers.

RF Description and Troubleshooting 2118 (RH-77) Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 39 Figure 30: (Top) PWB. (Bottom left) A zoomed view of the N601 LO/PLL input match components on the UHF synthesizer layout (Bottom right) A zoomed view of the N601 LO/PLL input match components UHF synthesizer layout with part numbers. Rx VHF Following are possible causes for an incorrect Rx VHF frequency: • Power supplies to the PLL portion of N700 IC are missing or low (VR7) • Loop filter or resonator components are missing or incorrectly installed • 19.2MHz reference clock is missing or low (C510) • Programming is incorrect Note: See the Schematics chapter for the Rx VHF schematic. LO PLL

Nokia Customer Care Page 40 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005 Figure 31 shows the layout for the Rx VHF. Figure 31: (Top) PWB. (Bottom left) A zoomed view of the testing points on the Rx VHF section. (Bottom right) A zoomed view of the Rx VHF section with part numbers. Tx VHF Following are possible causes for an incorrect Tx VHF frequency: • Power supplies to the PLL portion of N601IC missing or low (VR5) • Loop filter or resonator components are missing or incorrectly installed • 19.2MHz reference clock is missing or low (C510) • Programming is incorrect • Component failure (N601 IC) Note: See the Schematics chapter for the Tx VHF schematic. IC with

RF Description and Troubleshooting 2118 (RH-77) Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 41 Figure 32 shows the layout for the Tx VHF. Figure 32: (Top) PWB. (Bottom left) A zoomed view of the testing points on the Tx VHF section. (Bottom right) A zoomed view of the Tx VHF section with part numbers. IC with

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