HP 971A Operation & User’s Manual

We’ve added this manual to the Agilent website in an effort to help you support your product. This manual is the best copy we could find; it may be incomplete or contain dated information. If we find a more recent copy in the future, we will add it to the Agilent website. Support for Your Product Agilent no longer sells this product. Our service centers may be able to perform calibration and repair if necessary, but no other support from Agilent is available. You will find any other available product information on the Agilent Test & Measurement website, www.tm.agilent.com. HP References in this Manual This manual may contain references to HP or Hewlett-Packard. Please note that Hewlett-Packard's former test and measurement, semiconductor products and chemical analysis businesses are now part of Agilent Technologies. We have made no changes to this manual copy. In other documentation, to reduce potential confusion, the only change to product numbers and names has been in the company name prefix: where a product number/name was HP XXXX the current name/number is now Agilent XXXX. For example, model number HP8648A is now model number Agilent 8648A.

User’s Guide Part Number 00971-90002 March 1995 © Copyright Hewlett Packard Company 1994 1995

Table of Contents Safety Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4 Safety Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4 Maximum Overvoltage Limitations . . . 1-5 Probes and Test Leads . . . . . . . . . 1-6 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7 Terminals, Shutter, & Test Leads . . . 1-7 Function Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8 Function Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9 Function Keys/Function Switch Matrix . . 1-12 Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13 Audio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13 Calibration and Adjustment . . . . . . . . 1-14 Required Test Equipment . . . . . . . . 1-14 Calibration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . 1-14 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15 Battery Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15 Fuse Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16 Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16 Replaceable Parts/Accessories . . . . 1-16 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17 DC Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17 AC Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18 DC Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18 AC Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19 Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19 Continuity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19 Diode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-20 Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-20 Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-20 Adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1 Calibration Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2 Replaceable Parts/Accessories . . . . . . 6-4 Disassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5 Declaration of Conformity 1-3

ensure operator safety and to retain the operating condition of the Multimeter. 1. Do not use this product beyond its specifications or for uses not intended for this product as identified by the product functions, ranges, and hazards as indicted below. 2. To minimize possible electric shock hazard condition, connect only two leads at any one time to any of the multimeter terminals. 3. To prevent possible electric shock hazard condition when using the current function, do not leave one probe connected to the circuit under test and the other probe disconnected, exposed, and readily accessible (touchable). Safety Symbols Indicates the operator must refer to an explanation in this manual. Indicates terminals at which dangerous voltages may exist. WARNING TO AVOID ELECTRICAL SHOCK or damage to the multimeter, do not apply more than ±1000 Vdc or 1000 Vrms between any terminal and earth ground. Use caution when working with voltages above 60 Vdc or 42 Vpeak. Ensure test leads are in good condition. WARNING POSSIBLE ELECTRICAL SHOCK. Do not make measurements if the case is damaged or the rear cover is removed. Remove all electrical inputs before removing the rear cover. WARNING

qualified personnel only. Do not attempt calibration or test procedures unless qualified to do so. CAUTION To avoid damage to the multimeter for inputs above 250 Vdc or Vac, disconnect the test leads before changing functions. Do not exceed the maximum input limits. Maximum Overvoltage Limitations (AC and DC Voltage Functions) 1000V MAX indicates the maximum voltage between input terminals and earth is ± 1000 V (dc or ac rms). Do not use the multimeter on any ACV circuit where the maximum impulse overvoltage may be more than 4000Vpk or any DCV circuit where the maximum impulse overvoltage may be more than 2500Vpk between the COM and VOLT terminals. Excessive impulse overvoltage can damage the multimeter voltage functions. Do not measure branch circuits (CAT 11) over 600V to earth or service panel circuits (CAT III) over 300V to earth. Safety Summary

10 A ± 10 A (dc or ac rms) / 600 V mA or µA ± 500 mA (dc or ac rms) / 250 V Diode Test, Resistance Continuity, Temperature 660 Vrms (sinewave) Frequency 660 Vrms (5 Hz to 10 kHz) 100 Vrms (10 kHz to 100 kHz) V ± 1000 Vdc or Vrms (sinewave) Probes and Test Leads 1. Always inspect probes before use. Do not use test leads whose insulation has cuts, cracks, or other damage that may result in reduced electric shock protection. 2. Keep insulation surface clean between the probe tip connector and the finger guards. 3. If probes other than the ones specified are to be used with the multimeter, be sure the probes and their leads are rated for the voltage and current to which they will be subjected. Do not exceed the voltage ratings for the multimeter. 4. Probes supplied with this multimeter are rated for use up to 1000Vrms or Vdc. Safety Summary

RED LEAD Current Measurements (0 A to 10 A) RED LEAD Current Measurements (0 to 400 mA) BLACK LEAD COMMON RED LEAD DC & AC Voltage, Diode, Resistance, Frequency, Temperature, and Continuity Measurements SAFETY SHUTTER Slide up to open shutters for current measurement inputs. Must have the function switch in one of the Current Measurement positions to open shutter. Close shutter to change function switch to any other measurement function.

AC Current (10 mA to 10 A) mA DC Current (10 µA to 0.4 A) AC Current (10 µA to 0.4 A) µA DC Current (0.1 µA to 4 mA) AC Current (0.1 µA to 4 mA) Diode Test (0 to 2 V) Auto Diode Test ( 0 to ± 2 V) Ω Resistance (0.1 Ω to 40 MΩ) Continuity (alarm at < 20 Ω) Temperature in °F (-112° F to 302° F) Temperature in °C (-80° C to 150° C) Hz Frequency (5 Hz to 99.9 kHz) mV DC volts (100 µV to 400 mV) AC volts (100 µV to 400 mV) V DC Volts Operation

Power off if input < 80 V or < 400 mA. Power save if input > 80 V or > 400 mA, last measurement displayed, power consumption is reduced. Press any key or change any function to cancel. Defeat by holding the key for 2 seconds while applying power. Relative/Percent Press Action Main Display Secondary Display Makes the last displayed measurement the reference Each measured value relative to the reference value (difference) Range Calculates the percentage change from the reference Each measured value as a percent change of the reference value Range Cancels the Relative/% function Measured value Range Perform a zero adjust on the 400 Ω range and displayed value is less than 99 by shorting the test leads and pressing this key Cycle power to erase the stored zero adjustment Operation

minimum and maximum values Each measured value Elapsed time Display recorded maximum Maximum measurement Time of maximum Display recorded minimum Minimum measurement Time of Minimum Display last recorded measurement Latest measurement Elapsed time Pause recording of minimum and maximum values 3 Holds display Total elapsed time Resume recording of minimum and maximum values Each measured value Elapsed time Press and hold 1 second to cancel — — 1 Automatic power off and auto ranging are disabled when Min/Max is selected. Bargraph will indicate and hold maximum values. 2 Time is recorded and displayed in minutes up to the maximum recording time of 1999 minutes. Recording will stop at the maximum time. 3 The H annunciator is displayed when Min/Max recording is paused. Average Press Action Main Display Secondary Display Makes the displayed measurement the average of the last eight measurements Average value of last eight measurements Range Disables the averaging of measurements Each measurement Range Operation

Measurement value when hold pressed Range Enters Auto-Hold function 1 Input value Range Cancels Hold function Measurement value Range 1 Auto-Hold Operation. When measurement becomes stable, multimeter will beep and save the stable reading. Removing probe from measuring circuit will display and hold the last stable reading. Range Press Action Main Display Secondary Display Changes from auto-ranging to manual ranging Measurement value Range Change manual range UP once with each keypress 1 Measurement value Range Returns to auto-ranging when key is held for 1 second Measurement value Range 1 When upper range is reached, the sequence begins again at the lowest range. Select Press this key to use the functions indicated in blue on the multimeter. See table on page 1-8. Hold this key to test display when turning meter on. Operation

Function Relative % (Percent) Min/Max 5 Average Data Hold4 Auto-Hold Range µA, mA • • • • • • • 10A • • • • • • • • • • • Ω • 1 • • • • • • • °F, °C2 • • • Hz2 • • 3 mV • • • • • • mV • • • • • • V • • • • • • • V • • • • • • • 1 Invokes zero adjust when display is less than 9.9 Ω. 2 Bargraph not available. 3 Changes input attenuator, frequency is always auto range. 4 Bargraph updates with input value. 5 Secondary display shows elapsed time (in minutes). Operation

Second beep when beginning to make measurements. Single beep Indicates any valid function key press. Indicates a new High or Low value recorded when in Min/Max function. Steady repeating beep Indicates when measurement is steady when using Auto-Hold function. Rapid repeating beeps Indicates wrong input terminals used for function selected. Indicates an overload condition at the measurement terminals. Continuous tone Indicates a resistance of < 20 Ω when using the Continuity function. Auto Power Off/Auto Power Save Low Battery indicator Replace batteries when on. Secondary Display Shows: Range (most functions) Elapsed time (Min/Max) Main Display (Annunciators shown inside front cover) Number of digits is set by range and function Displays O.L to indicate an overload condition Entire display flashes if: Input overvoltage or During Amps fuse check Bargraph Active for all functions except: Temperature and Frequency Operation

Required Test Equipment The source used for the calibration should have an output accuracy as good or better than that listed in the specifications. Calibration Procedure Environmental range for calibration: 23° C ± 5° C, < 80% RH Calibration interval: 1 Year 1 Disconnect all inputs from the multimeter and open the case as shown on page 6-5. 2 Install new batteries (described below) and close the cover. Turn the multimeter on and allow a 30 minute warm-up. Open the case. 3 Set the multimeter function and range and the source output to the values specified at each step in the calibration table on page 6-2. 4 When appropriate, make the adjustments indicated in the calibration table to bring the multimeter display within the limits. CAUTION Dangerous voltages are present during the calibration procedure. Calibration should only be performed by qualified service technicians. Use a non-conductive adjustment tool.

Refer to pages 1-4 and 1-5 for maximum voltage specifications. When servicing, use only specified replacement parts. Battery Replacement Replace the battery when the symbol appears in the display or before calibration. Replace both batteries at the same time. Use high-quality type AA alkaline (IEC LR6) batteries. Remove the batteries if the multimeter is to be stored for extended periods of time. Refer to the disassembly drawing on page 6-5. Fuse Replacement Fuse locations are shown in the diagram on page 6-5. Fuses are listed in the replaceable part list on page 6-4. See fuse check procedure in Troubleshooting table below. CAUTION For continued protection use only the specified manufacturer part number or HP part number fuse for replacement purposes.

Dead Batteries Replace batteries Unit won’t turn off Input limit exceeded Remove test leads and press any key to reset. Display flashes and Rapid beeps Input limit exceeded Remove test leads and press any key to reset. Test leads in wrong terminal for measurement function Change test leads or function switch position Battery Annunciator on Low battery voltage Replace batteries Unable to measure current 10 A or mA - µA Open input protection fuse Check fuse. Connect test lead between V input terminal and 10A or 10 mA µA terminal. Select 10A or 10mA range, unit will rapidly beep if fuse is OK. Replace fuse if no beep. Cleaning Wipe instrument with a soft rag dampened with soap and water. Do not immerse in water. Do not use any chemical cleaner or solvents. Replaceable Parts/Accessories Refer to the table on page 6-4. Maintenance

Accuracy = ± (% of reading + number of digits). Temperature Coefficient = Accuracy X 0.1/° C (-10° C to 18° C; 28° C to 55° C) General Do not expose product to moisture or rain. Do not use product in flammable atmosphere. Operating Temperature: -10° to 50°C. Humidity: 0°C to 40°C / 80% RH max, 40°C to 50°C / 70% RH max (no condensation). Storage Temperature: -25° to 60°C / 70% RH max (no condensation). Display reading rate: Approximately 2.3 times/second (Frequency 1/second) Bargraph reading rate: Approximately 23 times/second Battery life: Approximately 1000 hours DC Voltage Range Resolution Accuracy Input Resistance 400 mV 100 µV ± (0.3% + 1) 10 MΩ 4.0 V 1 mV 11 MΩ (nominal) 40 V 10 mV 10 MΩ (nominal) 400 V 100 mV 1000 V 1 V Normal Mode Rejection Ratio (NMR): > 60 dB @ 50 or 60 Hz Effective Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMR) 1 k Ω imbalance: > 120 dB @ 50 or 60 Hz

Range Resolution Accuracy Input Impedance (nominal) 40 Hz to 500 Hz 500 Hz to 1 kHz 400 mV 0.1 mV ± (1% + 2) ± (1.5% + 4) 10 MΩ < 50 pF 4 V 1 mV 11 MΩ < 50 pF 40 V 10 mV 10 MΩ < 50 pF 400 V 100 mV 1000 V 1 V Not Specified Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMR)1 kΩ imbalance: > 60 dB @ DC to 60 Hz Response time: 2 seconds maximum DC Current Range Resolution Accuracy Input Resistance Maximum Input 400 µA 100 nA ± (0.5% + 2) < 550 Ω ± 0.5 A (fused) 4000 µA 1 µA ± (1% + 2) 40 mA 10 µA < 8 Ω 400 mA 100 µA ± (1.2% + 2) 10 A 10 mA < 0.05 Ω ± 15 A (fused) Specifications

Range Resolution Accuracy Input Resistance Maximum Input 400 µA 100 nA ± (1.5% + 5) < 550 Ω 0.5 Arms (fused) 4000 µA 1 µA 40 mA 10 µA < 8 Ω 400 mA 100 µA 10 A 10 mA < 0.05 Ω 15 Arms (fused) Resistance Range Resolution Accuracy Test Current Maximum Open Circuit Voltage 400 Ω 100 mΩ ± (0.5% + 1) 1 < 0.8 mA < 3.2 V 4.0 kΩ 1 Ω ± (0.5% + 1) < 80 µA < 1.1 V 40 kΩ 10 Ω < 10 µA 400 kΩ 100 Ω < 1.1 µA 4.0 MΩ 1 kΩ < 110 nA 40 MΩ 10 kΩ ± (1.0% + 1) 1 After zero adjust of input leads. Zero adjust range up to 9.9 Ω. Response time: 400 Ω to 400 kΩ — 2 seconds, 10 MΩ to 40 MΩ — 10 seconds. Continuity Measurement Current: 0.8 mA maximum Open circuit voltage: < 3.2 Vpeak Displayed resistance: 0 Ω to 400 Ω Input protection: 660 Vrms (sinewave) Alarm: Tone when input < 20 Ω Resolution: 100 m Ω Specifications

Displayed Voltage: 0 V to 2.000 V Input protection: 660 Vrms (sinewave) Accuracy: ± (1% + 2) Resolution: 1 mV Temperature (5 k Ω @ 25° C Thermistor probe) ° C ° F Measurement Range -80° to 150° -112° to 302° Resolution 0.1° 0.2° Accuracy 1 ± 0.5° ± 1.0° 1 Accuracy does not include 5 kΩ Thermistor error Frequency (AC Coupled) Frequency Range Resolution Accuracy Maximum Input 5 Hz to 9999 Hz 1 Hz ± (0.02% + 1) 660 Vrms 9.0 kHz to 99.9 kHz 10 Hz 100 Vrms Input Attenuator Input Voltage Input Impedance 5 Hz to 10 kHz 10 kHz to 100 kHz 4 100 mV to 4 V rms 800 mV to 4 V rms 2.3 MΩ < 50 pF 40 4 V to 40 V rms 4 V to 40 V rms 1.3 MΩ < 50 pF 400 40 V to 400 Vrms 40 V to 100 V rms 1.2 MΩ < 50 pF Specifications

performed by qualified service technicians using a non-conductive tool. Step Function Range Input Signal Adjustment (limits) Tolerance (counts) 1 mV 400 mV Short — ±1 2 380.0 mV RV1 (±1) ±12 3 -380.0 mV — ±12 4 V 4 V 3.800 V RV2 (±1) ±12 5 40 V 38.00 V — ±12 6 400 V 380.0 V — ±12 7 1000 V 1000 V — ±4 8 V 400 V 380.0 V @ 100 Hz RV3 (±1) ±40 9 380.0 V @ 1 kHz — ±61 10 mV 400 mV 380.0 mV @ 100 Hz — ±40 11 380.0 mV @ 1 kHz — ±61 12 V 4 V 3 .800 V @ 100 Hz — ±40 13 3.800 V @ 1 kHz — ±61 14 40 V 38.00 V @ 100 Hz — ±40 15 38.00 V @ 1 kHz — ±61 16 1000 V 1000 V @ 100 Hz — ±12 17 µA 400 µA 380.0 µA — ±21 18 4000 µA 3800 µA — ±40

— ±62 23 4000 µA 3800 µA @ 100 Hz — ±62 24 mA 40 mA 38.00 mA @ 100 Hz — ±62 25 400 mA 380.0 mA @ 100 Hz — ±62 26 10 A 10 A 10.00 A @ 100 Hz — ±20 27 Ω 400 Ω Short zero adjust 1 ±1 28 380.0 Ω — ±20 29 4 kΩ 3.800 kΩ — ±20 30 40 kΩ 38.00 kΩ — ±20 31 400 kΩ 380.0 kΩ — ±20 32 4 MΩ 3.800 MΩ — ±20 33 40 MΩ 38.00 MΩ — ±40 34 400 Ω 0 Ω to 100 Ω — Tone < 20 Ω 35 2 V 1.000 V — ±12 36 Hz 4 9000 Hz @ 1 Vrms — ±2 1 Perform zero adjustment using key. Calibration Table

Call out Description HP Part Number F1 Fuse, 500 mA, 250 V fast blow Littlefuse 216-500 DO NOT SUBSTITUTE 2110-0940 F2 Fuse, 15 A, 600 V fast blow Littlefuse KLK15 DO NOT SUBSTITUTE 2110-0941 MP1 Top case assembly 00971-64401 MP2 Dust/moisture seal 00971-64403 MP3 Bottom case assembly (includes stand) 00971-64402 Rubber Boot 00971-86001 Replacement Test Leads, 2 pair E2305A Temperature probe, 5 KΩ @ 25° C Thermistor E2308A Surface temperature sensor, Thermistor ±0.1°C 12" lead, requires dual banana plug 40653B Soft Case (fits meter with rubber boot) E2304A Operator protection from electric shock hazard is provided by a double insulated enclosure. refer to theSafety Summary for maximum voltage specifications. When servicing, use only specified replacement parts.

Replaceable Parts/Accessories

according to ISO / IEC Guide 22 and EN 45014 Manufacturer’s Name: Hewlett-Packard Company, Personal Measurements Operation Manufacturer’s Address: 815 14th Street S.W., Loveland, Colorado 80537 U.S.A. declares, that the products Product Name: Handheld Multimeter Model Number: HP 971A, HP 972A, HP 973A, HP 974A Product Options: None conforms to the following Product Specifications: Safety: IEC 1010-01 (1990) Incl. Amend 1 (1992) / EN61010 (1993) CSA C22.2 #1010.1 (1992) UL 1244 EMC: CISPR 11:1990 / EN55011 (1991): Group 1, Class A IEC801-2:1991 / EN50082-1 (1992): 4 kV CD, 8 kV AD IEC 801-3:1984 / EN50082-1 (1992): 3 V/m IEC 801-4:1988 / EN50082-1 (1992): 0.5 kV Signal Lines Supplemental Information: The product herewith complies with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 73 / 23 / EEC and the EMC Directive 89 / 336 / EEC amended by 93 / 68 / EEC (inclusive 93 / 68 / EEC) and carries the CE mark accordingly. Loveland, Colorado April 1, 1994 Jim White, QA Manager E C t t Y l l H l tt P k d S l d S i Offi H l tt P k d G bH

What is Covered The HP 971A Multimeter is warranted by Hewlett-Packard against defects in materials and workmanship for three years from the date of original purchase. If you sell your unit or give it as a gift, the warranty is automatically transferred to the new owner and remains in effect for the original three year period. During the warranty period, we will repair, or at our option, replace at no charge, a product that proves to be defective, provided you return the product, shipping prepaid, to a Hewlett-Packard service center. What is Not Covered This warranty does not apply if the product has been damaged by accident of misuse or as the result of service or modification by other than an authorized Hewlett-Packard service center. No other express warranty is given. The repair or replacement of a product is your exclusive remedy. ANY OTHER IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS IS LIMITED TO THE THREE YEAR DURATION OF THIS WRITTEN WARRANTY. Some states, provinces, or countries do not allow the exclusion or limitation or incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you. The warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state, province to province, or country to country. Service Hewlett-Packard maintains service centers in many countries throughout the world. You may have your unit repaired at a Hewlett-Packard service center any time it needs service, whether the unit is under warranty or not. There is a charge for repairs after the warranty period. Repair or replacement during the first 30 days after purchase will be provided by the sales channel. After 30 days, contact the nearest service office. Hewlett-Packard products normally are repaired and reshipped within five (5) working days of