Canon AT 1 Instructions Manual

your new Canon AT-1, a remarkably advanced camera that reflects the latest trends in SLR photography. As a flawless product of Canon technology, its vast potential as a rewarding means of expression i s assured for years to come by an incomparable system of fine lenses and accessories. At an extremely reasonable price, the Canon AT-1 offers you through-the- lens Central Emphasis Metering plus many of the superb advantages enjoyed by users of its all-electronic counter- part, the Canon AE-1. Its fabulous electronic system consisting of the Power Winder A for continuous rapid- fire shooting, the Speedlite 155A and 199A for perfectly synchronized flash shooting and the Data Back A for automatic data imprining give the AT-1 unsurpassably versatile performance. Similarly, you have the entire system of superior FD interchangeable lenses a t your disposal which enable metering a t full aperture. But perhaps most conspicuous is the absence of mechanical noise that is characteristic of conventional SLRs. The AT-1 incorporates a wonderfully silent electromagnetic release, in addition to a 10-second electronic self- timer, for perfectly vibrationless operation. Moreover, you will surely find the Canon AT-1, with its extremely compact and lightweight body to be one of the easiest to operate cameras ever. In order to derive full benefit from the many features the AT-1 affords, please take the time to read and understand the following instructions. Canon remains always ready to lend you i t s support in the future with a system of lenses and accessories unequaled the world over. 2

Focusing Ring Aperture Ring Canon Breech-Lock Ring Distance l ndex Stopped-Down Lever \\ L Flash Termin$ Depth-of-Field Scale Y EE Lock Pin "A" Mark -Set Ring \ -- ASA Film 7 Speed -Shutter Speed Dial 7 i - -!&-. b Film Advance Lever I Shutter Release Button Electronic Self-Timer Lever Film Rewind Crank (Shutter Release Lock) Main Switch (Battery Check Lever) \ -r Acce!r#Sh!e Film Plane Indicator Automatic Flash Contact Synchronization Contact While reading the instruction booklet, unfold this flap and the flap on the back cover t o facilitate your understanding of the instructions.

I Load the battery. Turn the main switch on. . ' OFF I -:0 1 C 5 Look into the viewfinder. Compose the picture and focus. Out of Focus In Focus 2 Load the film. Determine the exposure by adjusting the shutter speed dial and the aperture 6 ring. - 3 -

155A 1. Take off the battery chamber cover and load the batteries. 2. Set the ASA film speed oF the 155A. 3. Mount the Speedlite 155A on the acces- $ory shoe of the camera. 4. Turn the main switch on. 5. Set the AUTOIMANU. switch. 6. Set the prescribed flstop on the lens. 7. Focus and press the shutter button. Photography with the Canon Power Winder A 1. Remove the Battery Pack A. 2. Load the batteries into the Battery Pack A. 3. Attach the Battery Pack A to the Power Winder A. 4. Take off the winder coupler cover on the bottom of the camera body and put it In the winder coupler's cover holder. 5. Attach the Power Winder A to the camera. 6. Turn the main switch on. 7. Focus and press the shutter button. -r. . ._ --* 8 I-- - _ -3 'i -wndul Coupler Covcr F' -- W R ' Z

8-10 Handling the Case and Lens Cap . . . . 12-13 Mounting the Lens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Loading the Battery and Main Switch . .I 4.15 Checking the Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Film Advance and Shutter Release . . . 17-18 Loading the Film . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-20 Frame Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Setting the ASA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-23 OPERATION FOR GENERAL PHOTOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Selecting the Shutter Speed . . . . . . . 27-28 Lens Aperture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Viewing and Focusing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Dioptric Adjustment Lenses . . . . . . . . . 30 Viewfinder Information . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Determining the Exposure . . . . . . . . . . 33 Meter Coupling Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Holding the Camera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Releasing the Shutter and Rewinding the Film . . . . . . . . . . . . 38-39 DETAILED OPERATION OF THE AT-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Effects of Changing the Shutter Speed and the Aperture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43-44 Depth-of-Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45-46 Using the Self-Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . 47-48 Flash Photography with the AT-I . . . . . 49 Long Exposures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Stopped-Down Metering . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Manual Aperture Control . . . . . . . . . 53-54 Lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55-58 ACCESSORIES. CARE OF THE CAMERA. MAINTENANCE. AND MISCELLANEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Canon Speedlite 155A and 199A . . . . . . 61 Canon Power Winder A . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Canon Data Back A and Auto Bellows . . 63 Other Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64-65 Care and Storage of the Camera . . . . . 67-69

Picture Size: 24 x 36mm lnterchangeable lenses: Canon FD series lenses for full aperture metering. Canon FL series lenses for stopped-down metering. Standard Lenses: Canon FD 55mm fl1.2 S.S.C. Canon FD 50mm f11.4 S.S.C. Canon FD 50mm fl1.8 S.C. Lens Mount: Canon Breech-Lock Mount. Canon FD, FL, and R lenses can be m~unted for use. Viewfinder: Fixed eye-level pentaprism. Field of View: 93.5% vertical and 96.3% horizontal coverage of the actual picture area. Magnification: 1:0.82 a t infinity with a standard 50mm lens. Dioptric Adjustment Lens S: Standard -1 diopter. lnterchangeable with +3, +2, +1.5, +I, +0.5, 0, -0.5, -2, -3, and -4 diopters. Focusing Screen: Split-image/microprism rangefinder surrounded by matte screen Viewfinder Information: Meter needle and aperture needle (circular index) are seen on the right hand side of the viewfinder. On the upper right hand is an over- exposurelbattery check index mark and on the lower right hand is a metering limit index mark on the underexposure side. Viewfinder Attachments: Angle Finder A2 and B, Magnifier S, Dioptric Adjustment Lens S (10 kinds), and Eyecup 4s. Mirror: Instant-return, large reflector mirror with shock absorbing mechanism. Exposure Meter: Built-in. Using CdS photo- cell. Coupled to shutter speeds, film speeds, and flstops. Match needle type, TTL full aperture metering mechanism. Light Metering System: TTL (Through-The- Lens) Central Emphasis Metering method Exposure Meter Coupling Range: EV 3 (fl1.4 at 114 sec.) to EV 17 (fl16 at 11500 sec.) a t ASA 100 film with FD 50mm fl1.4 S.S.C. Lens. Film Speed Range: ASA 25 to ASA 3200

spindles. Shock and noise damping mechanisms are incorporated. All shutter speeds are electronically controlled. Shutter Speeds: 1 /I 000, 11500, 11250, 11125, 1/60, 1/30, 1/15, 118, 114, 112, 1, 2 (seconds) and B. X synchronization is at 1160 seconds. Shutter Speed Dial: The shutter speed dial is on the same axis as the film advance lever. The number 2 for two seconds is marked in orange; other numbers as well as X synchronization are in white. There is a shutter dial guard to prevent uninten- tional movement of the dial. The ASA dial is located underneath the shutter speed dial. Self-Timer: Electronically controlled self- timer. After the self-timer lever is pushed forward, the self-timer is activated by the shutter release button. The self-timer releases the shutter after a time lag of 10 seconds. A self-timer LED lamp blinks on and off when the self-timer is in operation. The self-timer operation can be cancelled while in operation. Stopping-Down the Lens: Stopping-down the lens can be performed by pushing the stopped-down lever after setting the aperture ring. Power Source: One 6V silver oxide battery; Eveready No. 544, UCAR No.544, JIS 4G13, and Mallory PX28. The battery lasts the equivalent of 20,000 shutter releases, or one year under normal use. Battery Check: Battery power level can be checked by the meter needle inside the viewfinder .when the main switch is turned to the battery check index mark "C". Flash Synchronization: X synchronization is a t 1/60 sec. M synchronization is a t 1/30 sec. and below. Flash Terminal: The accessory shoe has a direct flash contact and automatic flash control contact. On the front of the camera body is the flash terminal, JIS-B type for flash units with a cord. It has a built-in protective rim to prevent elect- rical shock. Automatic Flash: With the Canon Speedlite 155A or 199A. set the aperture to the

matically controlled for correct flash exposure, adjusting the shutter speed to 1/60 of a second automatically. Back Cover: The camera's back cover has a memo holder for your convenience. The cover can be removed for attaching the Canon Data Back A. Film Loading: Performed by pulling up the rewind crank to open the back cover. Easy film loading with multi-slot take-up spool. Film Advance Lever: Single stroke with 120° throw and 30°stand-off. Tlie film can be wound with several short strokes. The Canon Power Winder A can be mounted for automatic winding of the film. Frame Counter: Additive type. Automatical- ly resets when the back cover is opened. While rewinding film, it counts back the frame numbers. Film Rewinding: Performed by pressing the rewind button on the bottom and by us- ing the rewing crank on the top. The rewind button is autorr~atically reset when the film is advanced with the film advance lever. Size: 141 x 87 x 47.5mrn (5-911 6" x -3-711 6" x 1-718") body only. Weight: 5909 (20-13116 ozs.) body only. 7909 (27-718 ozs.) with the 50mm f11.8 S.C. lens. 8959 (31-9116 ozs.) with the 50mm fl1.4 S.S.C. lens. 1,100g (38-13116 ozs.) with the 55mm fl1.2 S.S.C. lens. Subject to change without notice.

Slide the scratch prevention ring and spare battery case which houses a spare battery onto the Canon AT-1's neckstrap, then thread the neckstrap through the rings. Adjust the neckstrap to a length mmt suitable for you. Firmly attach the case to the camera by turning the screw on the bottom of the case. When you wish to take off the top cover of the soft case, turn the top cover to the bottom then slide it straight up in the direc- tion of the arrow and pull it out as indicated in the photo.

The lens cap can be removed from the front of the lens after pressing in the tabs on both sides of the cap. The rear dust cap can be removed by turning the Canon Breech-Lock ring in the direction of the arrow. To attach the dust cap, align its slot with the positioning pin below the red dot of the Breech-Lock ring, and press it in. When the dust cap is removed, the Breech-Lock ring is locked. Mounting the Lens Remove the body cap. Make sure that the aperture ring is not set to the "A" mark before mounting the lens. Release the aperture ring from the "A" mark by pushing the EE lock pin and turn the ring. Then, mount the lens by aligning the red dot of the body with the red dot of the bayonet ring, and then turning the Breech-Lock ring clock- wise, pressing gently until it locks into position. Reverse the procedure to dismount the lens.

, Loading the Battery r" The camera will function only when the battery is loaded and the main switch is turn- ed on. Use a silver oxide battery for the power source. The battery chamber cover can be opened more easily by using the viewfinder cover that is inserted into the accessory shoe. Be careful to load the battery correctly with the "+" side up following the diagram on the inside of the battery chamber. If the bat- tery is incorrectly loaded so the polarities are facing the wrong direction, the camera will not function. Load the battery by inserting the "-" contact first while holding down the battery in the bottom of the battery chamber. When loading or removing the battery, make cartain that the main switch is set a t OFF. Only a silver oxide battery can be used and other types cannot be used. In general use, the battery will last one year.

ric circuits of the camera. Therefore, when taking photographs, set the main switch to the "ON" position. The camera will not function unless it is set to "ON". I When not in use, turn the main switch to "OFF" to guard against needless consumption - \ of the battery. ., k..- - - / 1 \ * - -- Usable Batteries .- -- Silver Oxide 1 Eveready (UCAR) No.544 Battery(6V) 1 JIS 4213, Mallory PX28 Perform a battery check in the follow- ing situations: 1. When a battery i s loaded. 2. If the shutter does not function. 3. When a great number of photographs have beeri taken. 4. When the camera is used after it has been stored for a long period without use. 5. When the camera is used in extremely cold conditions. As the AT-1 i s an electronicallv con- trolled camera, the shutter will not function without sufficient battery power.

The main switch is also used for checking the battery. To see if the battery power level is sufficient, turn the main switch1 battery check lever to the "C" index on the outer rim of the film rewind crank while looking into the viewfinder. When the meter needle rests above the battery check lower border, which is indicated by the meter needle position illustrated below, the power level of the battery is sufficient. If the meter needle just barely coincides with this lower border, the battery is near exhaustion and should be replaced. If the meter needle does not rise to the index, the battery must be changed.

e Turn the film advance lever until it stops, so the film will advance one frame all in one '*./ motion. The shutter will cock, and the dia- phragm and mirror will be ready for the next & shutter release, while the frame counter advances simultaneously to the next number. - By pushing the film advance lever lightly with the tip of your thumb, it will open to its 30° -- stand-off position away from the camera body for easy film advance. While the film is advancing, the shutter will not be released. Film winding can also be accomplished by advancing the lever in short strokes. Canon has developed the Power Winder A to be used with the AT-1 for automatic film winding. It greatly increases the speed and mobility of the AT-1. (See page 62.)

The magnetic release shutter button 4 enables smoother shutter release than the '.\ . P b - I .I mechanical release method does. There is also less chance for camera shake. When the shutter lock lever around the shutter release button is turned to the "L" position, the shutter button will be locked to prevent unintentional shutter release. Keep the shutter release button locked while carrying the camera to prevent film waste. When the power level of the battery is insufficient, a safety mechanism will keep the shutter from being released. At temperatures under -20 degrees C, there may be an occurrence when the shutter will not be released depending on the batteries, even if the battery power is suf- ficient. In that cold condition, the battery's power is reduced so. some 10 seconds should be allowed after the battery is checked before taking a picture.

The Canon AT-1 uses color or black and white film in standard 35mm cartridges. .-r \ Opening the Back Cover To load a cartridge of film into the camera, first open the camera's back cover. Pull up the rewind crank and the back cover - < will pop open. The back cover can be securely closed simply by pressing it until it locks. Avoid direct sunlight when loading or un- loading the film. The Canon Data Back A, an accessory for imprinting data such as the day, month and year, can be attached to the AT-1 in place of the back cover. (See page 63.) - -. How to Load the Film -.-, - - Put the cartridge into the film cartridge chamber and press down while rotating the rewind knob until it drops securely into position. The protruding part of the cartridge should be on the bottom. Pull the film leader across and insert the end into one slot of the multi-slot take-up spool. Turn the film ad- vance lever and wind the film around the b

tions of the film are engaged in the teeth of the film transport sprocket. Then, make sure that there is no film slack. In case there is, gently turn the film rewind crank in the direction of the arrow to obtain proper film tautness and the film ad- vance lever to ensure that the leader is wound fully on to the take-up spool before the camera back is closed. When loading the film into the camera, do not touch the shutter curtain, the film rails or the pressure plate. Closing the Back Cover Close the back cover until it snaps shut. Gently turn the film rewind crank clockwise in the direction of the arrow to take up the film slack. Then, advance the film a couple of times pressing the shutter button until the first exposure appears in the frame counter.

- 1 which counts one frame every time the film ---. / ---. advance lever winds the film. When the %-- camera's back cover is opened, the frame counter automatically resets itself to the "S" position. While rewinding film, the frame counter - counts back the frame numbers. The starting position "S", 0, and the even numbers 2 to 38 -- are displayed by the counter. Numbers 20 and 36 are marked in orange to call your attention to the end of commercially available film cartridges. The frame counter cannot count / higher than 38.

R v Operate the film advance lever while watching the film rewind knob. If it rotates, OFF the film is properly loaded. If the rewind '7' 10?2? knob does not rotate, open the back cover and load the film again from the start. P C ( 1 ik>/ F Setting After the loading ASA the Film film, Speed set the ASA film + speed according to the ASA speed of the film -- in use. To set the ASA, first push the film - advance lever out to its 30° stand-off position away from the camera body, then gently lift up the ASA ring around the shutter dial and rotate it in either direction until the proper A number is aligned with the green index mark. P. ASA is a numerical rating of a film's sensitivi- - - --mmwp.i, ty to light. A higher ASA number indicates a faster film which is more sensitive to light. On the other hand, a lower ASA number indicates k a slower film which is less sensitive to light. -3 The ASA rating recommended by the manu- facturer is printed on the film box, e.g., ASA 100. d- h

the camera. Figures in parentheses indicate intermediate film speeds. Use of the Memo Holder -= The memo holder on the camera's back cover is useful for keeping data like film speed, location, shooting. For example, after tearing off the part of the film box which specifies the type of the film being used, it can be inserted into the memo holder as a constant reminder.

The opening of the shutter letting light in on the film is called an exposure. The amount of light striking the film i s controlled by the lens aperture, while the length of time that light is allowed to strike the film is controlled by the shutter. Shutter Speed Dial The shutter dial is used to adjust the shutter speed. It allows for speed settings in the range of 2 seconds to 111000 of a second. When the shutter speed is advanced to the next larger number, the exposure time is cut in half. The shutter speeds on the dial are typically the reciprocals of the true shutter speeds. For example, 125 and 250 on the dial represent shutter speeds of 1 11 25 and 11250 of a second. only in the case of the orange "2" is the shutter speed actually as indicated on the dial, i.e., 2 seconds. The "B" (Bulb) setting is used for long exposures where as long as the shutter button is pressed down, the shutter will remain open. The shutter speed dial cannot be set to an intermediate position. Brightness \ I Indoors I 1/30 to 1/60 I 1 Outdoors 1 1 / 1 2 5 t o 1 / 2 5 0 1 Mid-summer Beach Or Snow-coverd Mountains Selecting the Shutter Speed Shutter speed is determined in accor- dance with the brightness of the scene and the speed with which the main subject is moving. You can use the above table as a general guide

speed when using a standard 50mm lens. For indoor photography, with no special illumi- nation, choose 1/30 of a second and 1/60 of a second in a brightly lit room. For outdoor photography, select 11125 second when cloudy and 11250 second in sunshine. To take pictures in particularly bright sunshine such as at a beach in mid- summer or in snow-covered mountains, use shutter speeds of 11500 sec. or 1 11 000 sec. The above mentioned shutter speeds apply when using a standard 50mm lens, but it is necessary to choose faster shutter speeds when using lenses of longer focal lengths because they are more difficult to hold steady. It is generally said that the shutter speed figure should be greater .than 1 divided by the focal length of the lens in order to ob- tain sharp images. For example, when using s 200mm tele- photo lens, shutter speed should be faster than 11200 second. Therefore, the .shutter speed in this particular case shiould be set a t 11250 sec. Image blur can also arise if the camera i s not properly held. See page 37. Lens Aperture The adjustment of the aperture i s used with the shutter speed to get the correct ex- posure. The amount of light reaching the film is controlled by the aperture's size. On the aperture ring are a series of mark- ings which indicate the proportion of the light allowed to pass through the lens, which are known as flnumbers. When the aperture ring is set to the next larger flnumber on the scale of the ring, the amount of light passing through the lens is decreased by 112. The lens's brightness is based on the smallest numerical aperture value for the lens. With a f/2 serving as the standard, the com- parative brightness at each flstop will be as indicated below. Ratio 1 3 2 u 1 / 2 1/4 118 1/16 1/22 1/64 Brightness (flstop) The aperture ring can be set at positions between the settings on the scale. 1.2 1.4 fi 2.8 4 5.6 8 11 16

Focusing is performed in the small round area in the center of the viewfinder. The smaller central circle is a split-image focusing screen and around it is the microprism ring. The split-image rangefinder ascertains that the image is "in focus" when the image divided horizontally in half merges and becomes one complete image. The microprism rangefinder presents a clear and steady image when in focus. The microprism conveys a broken, shimmering image when not accurately in focus. It is also possible to focus with the matte screen outside the smaller central area. You can focus with any of these focusing aids as you like, depending on the subject and your pre- ference. Accessories such as an eyecup, dioptric adjustment lenses, angle finders, and magnifier can be attached to the viewfinder eyepiece. Out of Focus In Focus

Dioptric adjustment lenses can be attached by inserting them from above into the grooves in the viewfinder eyepiece to compensate for the individual eyesight. With - them, near-sighted or far-sighted persons can perform photography without glasses. w The built-in eyepiece lens of the AT-1 has -1 diopter. The following 10 kinds of dioptric adjustment lenses are optional acces- sories: +3, +2, +1.5, +1, +0.5, 0, -0.5, -2, -3 and -4 (diopters). One way of selecting the correct dioptric adjustment lens for you is to select the one that is the closest to your glasses in regard to number of diopters. But, we propose that, to select the most appropriate dioptric ad- justment lens, you actually look through the viewfinder after placing it over the eye- piece. Because the camera itself has -1 diopter, the diopters of the lenses are recorded as the real power when attached to the camera, thus reflecting the power of the camera's viewfin- der.

The angle finder slips over the viewfinder eyepiece. It rotates 90 degrees so that the image on the viewfinder can be viewed direct- ly from the side or above whenever it is inconvenient or impossible to look directly through the eyepiece. This is very helpful in copying, close-ups, macrophotography, and photomicrography. There are two types, the A2 whose image is reversed as in a mirror, and the more advanced Angle Finder B which gives a correct image. h.--: - Magnifier S The Canon Magn~fier S gives 2.5X magni- fication of the viewfinder center for precision focusing in close-up work. The power can be adjusted to your eyesight within the range of +4 to -4 diopters. The Magnifier S combined with its adapter can be inserted into the grooves of the viewfinder eyepiece. The adapter of the Magnifier S is hinged to allow the magnifier to swing upward from the eyepiece leaving the whole screen image visible after focusing.

The Canon AT-1 is a camera offering full aperture metering with FD lenses where the aperture needle is coupled to the shutter speed, aperture and film's sensitivity when FD lenses are used. Furthermore, when using Canon FL lenses on the AT-1, the exposure reading is performed with stopped-down metering. The Central Emphasis Metering method of exposure measurement is used in the AT-1 to deliver the optimum exposure to the main subject without being affected by the bright sky in the upper part of the picture area. In the center of the viewfinder is a range- finder while the meter needle and the aperture needle (circular) are found to the right. The exposure metering range index marks are in the upper and lower right. The exposure metering range index mark in the upper right is also used as the batterv check index mark. The exposure metering range extends from EV 3 (fl1.4, 114 of a- second) to EV 17 (fl16, 11500 of a second) at ASA 100 film with FD 50mm fl1.4 S.S.C. lens. Battery Check/Overexposure Warning -Index Mark Microprism A d ~ e t e r Needle Underexposure Warning {-Index Mark I Matte

Turn the camera toward the subject and look into the viewfinder to insure that the meter needle swings and rests still somewhere between the upper and lower exposure metering index marks. Then, turn the shutter speed dial and/or the aperture ring until the circular aperture needle bisects the meter needle. These are the steps for getting the correct exposure. On most occasions, it is more convenient to predetermine the shutter speed then turn the aperture ring. The upper and lower halves each express half an f/stop gradation; the full width of the aperture needle is equivalent to one flstop. Thus, the setting of the meter needle and aperture needle can be precisely controlled inside the viewfinder enabling finer adjust- ment of the exposure. Exposure determination (matching needles) should not be performed while the shutter button is depressed. It will cause a slight, variable error depending on the condition of the battery. Properly Adjusted 33

Exposure Metering With FL Lenses 1. Turn the main switch on. When Canon F L lenses are used on the 2. Set the shutter speed. AT-1, it is necessary to take a stopped-down 3. Look into the viewfinder and focus. meter reading. After pressing in the stopped- 4. Turn the aperture ring and align the down lever until it locks, adjust the aperture .meter needle with the aperture needle. ring and/or shutter speed dial until the meter 5. Depress the shutter button. needle inside the viewfinder is aligned with the aperture needle to obtain the correct exposure. After determining the correct exposure, release the stopped-down lever and compose and focus a t maximum aperture.

If the circular aperture needle does not align with the meter needle by turning the aperture ring, it means that the shutter speed is not properly set. If this is the case, reset shutter speed dial so that two needles can be aligned with each other. And when these two needles cannot be aligned with each other by turning the shutter speed dial, change the aperture. When the shutter speed is set a t a slow speed outside the meter coupling range, metering cannot be performed even if the aperture is changed. The built-in exposure meter couples to the range of the aperture and shutter speed with respect to the film speed. For example, when using the FD 50mm f11.4 S.S.C. lens and ASA 100 film, the exposure meter couples within the range of from EV 3 (f11.4 at 114 sec.) to EV 17 (f116 at 1 1500 sec.). Shutter Speed

The electromagnetic shutter release button has a short, soft touch. The shutter can be released by lightly depressing the .shutter button to help prevent camera shake. But, unsteady holding of the camera will cause camera shake in spite of the electro- magnetic shutter release system. Therefore, be sure to hold the camera firmly. Rest the camera on your left palm and grasp the lower part of the lens focusing ring between your thumb and forefinger or middle finger. Hold the right end of the camera firmly, with your right thumb behind the tip of the film advance lever and your right fore- finger on the shutter button, while the other fingers hold the camera's finger grip. To reduce camera shake, press your left elbow strongly against your body and look into the viewfinder steadyiyg the camera against the forehead. The right arm should be relaxed while holding the camera. When you use comparatively slow shutter speeds or when you use telephoto lenses, it is advisable to lean against a wall, a tree trunk or some fixed object for a steadier grip. The above describes the fundamentals of how to hold the camera. You may find yourself the most appropriate grip for you and get ac- customed to it through constant practice.

When you press the shutter button, try to squeeze the shutter button gently with .your finger. Avoid hitting or pressing the shutter button suddenly particularly when using slow --AS? shutter speeds, otherwise blur may result. At the moment of shooting, you should b exhale slowly while the shutter button is being pressed. Rewinding the Film When the film advance lever cannot travel all the way to the end of its stroke;the frame counter tells you that you have reached the end of the film. You have to rewind the film in its protective cartridge, before you can remove it from the camera. Since it is not protected, any exposure to light will "fog" the film and cause a drastic color shift and loss of image. .... To rewind the film, press in the small rewind button on the bottom of the camera,

direction of the arrow on the rewind crank. When the frame counter has reached the "S" mark, you should stop rewinding. Then pull up the rewind knob to open the camera back and lift the cartridge out. If you stop rewinding the moment the frame counter has reached the "Shark, the film will not be completely rewound into the cartridge and the film leader will still be outside the cartridge.

A* 1 1 In order to obtain the correct exposure, it is necessary to correctly match the shutter " :. f-r - speed with the aperture. The shutter speed ' A'.~' Ci4k!%%y k - b -Y- and the aperture are the main factors in 7' ' ;A4s**bnk controlling the amount of light which is allowed to strike the film, and when they change, the quality of the image upon the film 4 also changes. - - ,' -= Effects of Changing the Shutter Speed The explanations below are pertinent to photography with fast moving subjects or when it is intended to produce impressionistic pictures of movement. Depending on the selection of the shutter speed, you can freely B T control the expression of movement. If, as in example A, the photo is taken at - 7 . - .- ..a . , a shutter speed of 1 /I000 sec., the movement will be frozen. If, as in example 6, with the same subject, the photo is taken at a shutter speed of 1/60 sec. with a panning technique, the movement is well expressed. %- <' Panning is really quite a simple technique. Hold the camera firmly and continue twisting the upper part of your body while following 43

You then release the shutter while still twist- ing. When you use this technique, the main subject should be sharp even a t slow shutter speeds and the image of the background is blurred according to the speed of the panning movement. This hightens the feeling of motion in the picture. Effects of Changing the Aperture The lens aperture does not only control exposure but it also has an effect on. the photograph as follows: In example C, the aperture was set at f15.6 with the shutter speed dial adjusted before shooting. In example D, a f116 setting was used to clearly demonstrate the diffe- rence. In C, the miniature cars in the back and front are blurred and only the miniature cars in the central area are in focus. In D, most of the miniature cars are sharp and clear. Thus, the lens aperture has a marked effect on how much of the picture is reproduced sharply.

focus, there is only a limited range in ttie foreground and background of the subject which can be kept clearly in focus. This zone of sharpness is the depth-of-field. There are two methods of confirming the LF extent of the depth of the field: by stopping down the lens diaphragm or by reading the r depth-of-field scale on the lens. 1 I Confirming the Depth-of-Field by I Stopping-Down the Lens Diaphragm Press the stopped-down lever until it locks. Once locked, the depth-of-field can be checked by looking into the viewfinder. Thus, the extent of the depth-of-field can be seen as the zone of sharpness in the subject field observed on the screen. When the stopped- down lever's release button is pressed, full aperture metering will be restored.

deeper as the aperture becomes smaller, and shallower as the aperture becomes larger. A shorter focal length as well as a greater camera-to-subject distance will1 also deepen the depth-of-field. Comparing a 28mm lens with a standard 50mm lens set at the same f/sl:op, the 28mm lens's depth-of-field will be greater. And when the photographic distance changes, the depth- of-field changes, too. For example, if the same subject is photographed from three and then from seven meters away, the sharp foreground and background of the subject will be deeper at the greater distance. Depth-of-Field Scale on the Lens A depth-of-field scale is engraved on the lens barrel, shown as a series of flnumbers on each side of the distance index mark opposite the distance scale. Focusing and depth-of-field are so closely interrelated that the depth-of- field scale is engraved together with the distance scale. You can tell the extent of depth-of-field from the distance scale. For example, if you use the camera with a standard 50mm lens that is focused on a subject at medium distance, say 3m with the aperture set at f18, the depth-of-field extends from 2.4m to 4.5m. This tells you that with the 50mm lens focused at 3m and the subject between 2.4m and 4.5m the film image will be reasonably sharp.

Obvious uses for the self-timer are self- portraits and the inclusion of the photo- *- - I grapher in a souvenir picture. The self-timer f i --... can also be used in place of a cable release - .. to release the shutter gently and smoothly in close range work like photomicrography or copying. Push the electronic self-timer lever forward, then press the shutter button, and Self-Timer Lamp the shutter will be released 10 seconds later. I - -6' - fib While the self-timer is in operation, the self- timer lamp flashes on and off. After you finish taking a picture, the self-timer lever should be reset to i t s original position. Other- wise, i t will function again the next time you press the shutter button.

If you should want to cancel the self- timer operation after having pressed the shutter button, set the main switch to OFF on the top side of the camera. Then, the self- timer lamp stops blinking and the self-timer operation will be cancelled. If the main switch is not set to OFF and the self-timer lever is returned to i t s original position, the shutter will be released. Adapter A for Tripod When using a great diameter lens, depending on the tripod being used, it may be difficult to hold the adjustment in the case of accidental bumping of the lens. In such cases, the rubber Adapter A for Tripod may be placed between the tripod head and the camera.

-. The Canon AT-1 can be used with two different type of flash units; a directly coupled contact type and a synchronization .--. cord type. Use the Canon Speedlite 155A or 199A of a directly coupled contact type for e *"" exceptional flash photography. When using a flash bulb or an electronic -- -- flash other than the Speedlite 155A and 199A, p .. . you can select the appropriate shutter speed in reference to the table of "Flash Synchroni- zation Range" indicated below. \ Flash Synchronization Range Synchronized Ashutter speedA (A mark indicates possible unevenness in the picture depending on the flash bulb.) ,, m n f i &O FP Class M a n d MF Class X O O l X 5 0 & -. Electronic Flash -- %O- '0 %O 0 x 5 " / 8 0.0 % 0 AOOOOOOO~ ~ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 / ? 0 01

When you need shutter speeds slower than two seconds such as for shooting night scenes or fireworks, set the shutter speed dial at "B". Then, the shutter will remain open as long as the shutter button is pressed. In long exposures, it becomes essential to mount the camera on a tripod and use a cable release preferably with a lock to prevent camera shake and attain best results. A cable release with a locking device can keep the shutter open even though the operator leaves the cable release unattended. Unlock the cable release to close the shutter. Photography using the "B" setting will accelerate battery consumption since it requires continuous battery power. When necessary, the battery should be replaced with a new one having a full charge.

This mark is engraved on the top of the camera beside the film rewind crank, just to -- the left of the pentaprism, to indicate the exact position of the film plane. The distance scale on the lens shows subject distances measured from the film plane indicator. This I mark is not used in general photography, but in close-ups and macrophotography it can be used to obtain the exact film-to-subject distance.

lenses, photography can be performed with .- - match needle type full aperture metering. ., Even when the lens automatic aperture lever *C - -_ is locked in the manual position, FD lenses should not be used on the AT-1 with stopped- down metering. This will cause improper meter readings. In spite of this, in those cases of the Canon F L lenses and most accessories such as bellows, extension tubes, or a microscope adapter, you must take a stopped-down meter 7- k r reading. Stopped-down metering is performed by pushing the stopped-down lever until it locks with the main switch a t ON, and adjusting the shutter dial and/or the aperture ring until the meter needle is aligned with the aperture needle. Press the shutter button and the photograph will be prefectly exposed. If the lens should be mounted on the camera with the stopped-down lever locked, correct exposure will not be obtained. In this case, a red warning mark by the stopped-down coupling lever inside the camera body is visible. After removing the lens, on the lower part of the camera body, just below the

. - - - .- . mirror, this stopped-down coupling lever -1 becomes visible, as does the red mark in the case described above. The Extension Tube FD 25 and FD 50 especially designed each for the FD 50mm ! and FD 100mm macro lenses should be used 1 with full aperture metering. In this case, depth of the field can be assured in the viewfinder by pressing in the stopped-down lever. Manual Diaphragm Control When accessories requiring manual - diaphragm control are used between the camera body and a lens, lock the lens auto- -- -. matic aperture lever in the manual position before mounting the lens. Lock for Manual Diaphragm Control (1 1 For manual diaphragm control, push the automatic aperture lever counterclockwise until it stops and locks. When accessories such as extension tubes are attached to a lens that has been set for manual control, the dia- phragm blades of the lens open or close as the aperture ring is turned. To revert from manual control, reset the automatic aperture lever to its original position.

There are some FD lenses with the manual lock lever requiring a different procedure for manual control setting. With these particular lenses, the automatic aperture lever must be turned fully counterclockwise while the manual lock lever is brought to the "L" position. Once this has been done, when the lens is mounted on the camera, the diaphragm blades will open or close by turning the aperture ring. To revert from manual dia- phragm control, reset the manual lock lever at the position of the white dot. Lock for Manual Diaphragm Control When Using the Macrophoto Coupler (3) In close-up photography of high mag- nification with a lens reversed on the Macro- photo Coupler, the automatic diaphragm mechanism is not coupled. you must, therefore, remember to close down the diaphragm manually after having locked the automatic aperture lever in the manual position as explained above in (1) and (2). Then, fix the Macrophoto Hood on the lens mount by turning the bayonet ring.

FD lenses incorporate a safety mechanism to prevent the Breech-Lock ring and the dia- phragm blades from moving when the lens is not mounted on the camera. To bypass this safety mechanism, press the lock pin in the top recess of the Breech-Lock mount while turning the Breech-Lock ring. Once this safety mechanism has thus been cancelled, you can see the diaphragm blades move when activated by the automatic aperture lever. Since FD lenses have signal pins and levers which couple with the camera body, special care must be taken not to damage them. One basic precaution is to always put the lens down facing down whenever you must change lenses. Take notice that the following lenses cannot be used on the AT-1 due to inter- ference with the body signal pins. Using these lenses will cause improper meter readings and may cause damage to the camera. Lock Pin .Positionina Pin

served Pin Automat Aperture ic Lever :ull Apertu ;ignal Pin Aperture Signal Lever ,..1. Aperture Signal Lever This lever transmits the actual f/stop to the exposure meter. It i s coupled to the aperture ring. re Full Aperture Signal Pin This pin transmits a signal indicating the maximum aperture of the lens. Automatic Aperture Lever This lever closes down the aperture. It couples with the stopped-down coupling lever. EE Switch Pin This pin protrudes when the aperture ring is set a t the "A" mark. In this position, it transmits a signal for AE photography. When the aperture ring is set a t the "A" mark, the lens can be attached only to the Canon EF, AE-1, and the F-I equipped with the Servo EE Finder. If the lens is attached to the AT-1, it cannot be set at the "A" mark. Reserved Pin This pin is designed for use with acces- sories that may be developed in the future.

is for distances measured from the film plane. This scale i s not generally used except for confirming the depth-of-field, performing guide number calculations in flash photography, or photo- graphing with infrared film. Read one-digit distances in the middle of the number marked on the scale. Two-digit distances should be read at the point in the middle of the two digits. Depth-of-Field Scale You can determine the depth-of-field by checking the depth-of-field scale and the distance scale on the lens barrel. Both are closely interrelated. Infrared Index Mark The red dot infrared index mark engraved on the lens barrel is a focusing correction index mark for infrared film. Because infrared light rays have longer wavelengths, they focus on a plane slightly behind that of ordinary visible light rays. Therefore, it is necessary to slightlly modify the normal method of focus- ing the lens. After focusing the same as usual, note the tiny red dot engraved on the lens barrel just to the right of the distance index and turn the focusing ring slightly to align the focused distance with this red dot. For

at 5m on the distance scale, you turn the focusing ring slightly so that the 5 on the distance scale matches the red dot infrared index mark. When photographing with infrared black and white film, visible light rays must be kept out by means of a deep red filter ( R I ) over the lens. The position of the infrared index mark is fixed for infrared film most sensitive to the 800mp wavelength and use of a red filter. For example, the Kodak Film IR 135 and the Wratten Filter 87. When performing infrared color photo- graphy, follow the directions of the specific instructions of the film manufacturer.

When the Speedlite 155A or 199A is used with the AT-1, it is not necessary to set the shutter speed on the camera as i s the case with ordinary electronic flash units. At any shutter speed except "B", the shutter speed is automatically adjusted to the X synchro- nization speed of 1/60 sec. a t the time the flash is charged. To perform automatic flash photography, set the prescribed flstops on the lens manually. The Speedlite 199A is a powerful flash unit with a guide number of 30 (meters, with ASA 100 film). To control depth of field, you can choose between three auto working apertures which are automatically controlled to provide a right exposure to the main subject. The 199A also has bounce flash capability and, when used with the wide angle adapter, covers a 24mm lens field. Both of flashes employ a unique light sensing system, so excessive reflection from the central area is reduced giving better overall exposure.

The Canon Power Winder A is an auto- matic film winder. It can be attached to any Canon AT-1 directly, without any other accessory or attachment. When you attach the Power Winder A to the Canon AT-1 and press the shutter button, the film will be im- mediately wound after being exposed. Furthermore, with the Power Winder A you can catch subjects' movements and changing expressions because you are able to take continuous or single frame photography at your pleasure. Continuous photography at up to two frames per second is performed just by keeping the camera's shutter button depressed. Shutter speeds from 1/60 to 111 000 seconds couple in continuous photo- graphy. While in single frame photography, any shutter speed can be used. This is simply done by lifting your finger off the camera's shutter button. The Canon AT-1 and Power Winder A form a compact, lightweight package that is as portable as a manual advance camera, and much more convenient.

This is an interchangeable back cover with a built-,in data imprinting mechanism. It can imprint the day, month and year on the lower right hand corner of the photograph at the moment of the shutter's release, as well as other data to identify or classify the pictures you take. It imprints letters of the alphabet and Roman numerals for greater versatility and convenience. Auto Bellows The Canon Auto Bellows is a sophisticat- ed bellows for use with any Canon single-lens reflex camera. Automatic diaphragm coupling is possible with the Auto Bellows when the Canon Double Cable Release is jointly used. The Auto Bellows is considered the true center of Canon photomacrographic system which includes accessories for every applica- tion in high-magnification photography.

2.. Eyecup 4s 3. Magnifier S 4. Camera Holder F3 5. Macrophoto Coupler FL55 and FL58 6. Lens Hood BS-55 7. Micro~hoto Hood 8. Photomicro Unit F 9. Slide Duplicator 10. Handy Stand F 1 1. Gadget Bag 4-type 12. Gadget Bag G-1 13. Canon Release 30 14. Canon Release 50 15. 55mm filters 58mm filters 16. 58mm Close-up Lenses (240,450) 17. 55mm Close-up Lenses (240,450) 18. Macrophoto Lens 20mm fl3.5 19. Macrophoto Lens 35mm fl2.8 20. Duplicator 8 21. Duplicator 16 22. Duplicator 35 23. Focusing Rail 24. Macro Stage

26. Double Cable Release 27. Copy Stand 5 28. Copy Stand 4 29. Auto Bellows 30. Bellows M 31. Bellows FL 32. Extension Tube M Set 33. Dioptric Adjustment Lenses (10 kinds) 34. Speedlite 155A 35. Speedlite 199A 36. Power Winder A 37. Data Back A 38. Action Case A 39. Holder for Gelatin Filter with Filter Holder Adapter and Hoods

No matter how exceptional the camera may be, it will not give you all it can unless it is taken care of properly. Please make sure to keep the camera clean all the time. Acquire a blower brush, cleaning liquid, cleaning paper, silicone cloth, etc. Care of the Camera Dust on the lens or the viewfinder should first be blown off with a blower brush. Use lens tissue or a clean, soft cloth to remove fingerprints or smudges with a gentle circular motion, if necessary after breathing on the surface. It is best to wipe the surface with lens tissue impregnated with one or two drops of cleaning liquid. After the camera has been used on a beach or near the sea, clean it well because salt can affect i t s mechanisms. A blower brush should also be used to clean the mirror box inside the camera body. If i t should require wiping, by all means, please take the camera to a Canon authorized distributor. The film compartment has to be cleaned with a blower because it easily collects film dust. If the dust contains sand, the film is easily scratched. When cleaning the rail surface or the pressure plate, please use cleaning paper and cleaning liquid. Be careful not to touch the shutter curtain when doing SO. Maintenance Keep the camera in a place with low humidity and no dust. After removing the camera from the case, take the battery out. When you are going to store the camera for a long time without using it, the shutter release button must be activated now and then, to prevent mold and mechanical trouble. Please avoid storing the camera in places such as mentioned below. 1. Inside the trunk or rear window of a car in the direct sun because the temperature can rise to an extremely high degree and this may give rise to trouble in the camera. 2. Places such as laboratories where chemicals are around may cause rust or cor- rosion. To safeguard the durability of the camera, please take it to the closest Canon authorized distributor once every three years at least. If the camera is not in use for a long time, please use it only after closely checking each and every part of it.

the form below to keep as a record of your camera for use in such circumstances. Name of the Camera: Canon AT-1 Purchase Date: Body Number: Lens T v ~ e s and Numbers: Name: Address: Telephone Number: Note:

Frame Counter 1 -55 inder Coupler Cover Memo Holder .--Winder Guide Hole Film Rewind Button I _ - 0, 70

conditions. Battery performance is usually affected by temperatures below zero C. It is always necessary to use a new battery for photo- graphy in such extreme cold. Moreover, an extra battery should be taken along and kept warm by placing it next to your body. The battery may not function well at low temperatures but it may well work perfectly under normal conditions, so don't throw it away. In sudden changes of temperature from cold to hot, the viewfinder or the lens may get moist and fog. Therefore, the camera should be exposed to the temperature change gradually. The camera has to be kept in a plastic bag completely sealed and then taken out once it has been adjusted to the outside temperature little by little.

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