Hioki FT3432 Instruction Manual

Instruction Manual Feb. 2017 Revised edition 3 FT3432A981-03 17-02H www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

• When you receive the instrument, inspect it carefully to ensure that no damage occurred during shipping. If damage is evident, or if it fails to operate according to the specifications, contact your dealer or Hioki representative. Confirm that these contents are provided. •� FT3432�Sound�Level�Meter� (1) •� WS-14�Windscreen� � (1) •� NL-27-089�Silicon�cover� � (1) •� VM-63-017�Hand�strap� � (1) •� NL-27-014�Windscreen�fall�out � � � prevention�rubber� (1) •� 9757�Carrying�case� � (1) •� Size�AAA�alkaline�batteries � � � �������(IEC�LR03)� (2) •� Instruction�Manual� � (1) FT3432A981-03 www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

as shown below. To prevent the risk of death or injury to persons and severe damage to the unit or peripheral equipment, make sure that all instructions are fully understood and observed. Important Note Disregarding instructions printed here incurs the risk of damage to the product. Mentioned about the tips to use this unit properly. (This messages do not have to do with safety.) This product can be used in any areas including resi- dential areas. To conform to the EU requirement of the Directive on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment, the symbol mark on the right is shown on the instrument. This symbol indicates that the product conforms to safety regulations set out by the EC Directive. Chinese RoHS: The mark for the Directive on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (only for China) www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

Outline ................................................................................................ 1 Controls and Functions........................................................................ 2 Batteries .............................................................................................. 4 Attachments ........................................................................................ 6 Windscreen .................................................................................... 6 Windscreen fall out prevention rubber ........................................... 6 Silicon cover ................................................................................... 7 Hand strap ...................................................................................... 8 Connecting external equipment ..................................................... 9 State transition diagram (functions and operation keys) ................... 10 Measurement screen and processing screen ...................................... 12 Power on and off ............................................................................... 14 Measurement ..................................................................................... 14 Calibration ......................................................................................... 15 Menu settings .................................................................................... 16 Sleep mode ........................................................................................ 18 Recalling stored data ......................................................................... 19 Initializing ......................................................................................... 20 Specifications .................................................................................... 21 Description for IEC 61672-1 .............................................................. 26 IEC61672-1 (JIS C 1509-1) Frequency Response ......................... 37 Reference incidence direction and reference point position ......... 39 Frequency Response .................................................................... 39 Effect of Windscreen WS-14 ....................................................... 40 The greatest susceptibility configuration for radio frequency fields . 42 Statement of conforming to the basic statement ......................... 43 Adjustment data for sound calibrator ........................................... 43 The lower and upper limits of the linear operating range ............ 43 Directional Characteristics .......................................................... 44 Random incidence response ......................................................... 46 www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

• Do not touch any parts of the unit other than necessary for operation. • Do not drop the unit. Protect it from shocks and vibration. • The permissible environmental temperature range for operation of the unit is -10 to +50°C. Relative humidity must be between 10% and 90%RH. • Do not use or store the unit in locations which may be subject to water, direct sunlight, high temperatures or humidity. Also protect the unit from air with high salt or sulphur content, gases or the influence of chemicals. • Do not forget to turn the unit off after use. Remove the batteries if the unit is not to be used for some time. • When disconnecting cables, always hold the plug and do not pull the cable. • To clean the unit, use only a dry cloth or a cloth lightly moistened with water. Do not use chemical cleaning cloths, solvents or alcohol-based cleaners to prevent the possibility of deformation and discoloring. • Do not insert any objects such as pins, metal scraps, conducting plastic etc. into any opening on the unit. • Do not disassemble the unit or attempt internal alterations. • In case of malfunction, do not attempt any repairs. Note the condition of the unit clearly and contact the supplier. • When disposing of the unit or the batteries, follow national and local regulations regarding waste disposal. www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

measurement law, JIS, and IEC. The microphone is a 1/2-inch electret condenser (UC-52). It has a wide 107-dB linearity range, measuring sound levels between 30 and 137 dB, with no need to select the range. The unit has an LCD panel, operation keys, an AC monitor output connector and a DC out connector. It is able to measure the following items. •� Sound�level� Lp •� Equivalent�continuous�sound�level� Leq •� Maximum�sound�level� Lmax •� Sound�exposure�level� LE •� C�weighted�peak�sound�level� LCpeak It is powered by two size AAA(IEC R03, LR03) batteries. The main unit and preamplifier are a single unit so it is not possible to extend the microphone. This unit has the following two level ranges. Wide range: This measures the range between 30 and 137 dB and allows simultaneous measurement of Lp, Leq, Lmax, and LE. Peak range: Along with the processing results for wide range, this range also measures LCpeak, but the lower limit for measurement becomes 65 dB. Resume function This function maintains the settings that have been configured before power-off. The following items are maintained: •� Measurement�time •� Time�weighting�characteristics •� Level�range •� Address�indication The following items have predefined settings upon startup. •� Frequency�weighting�characteristic� A •� Display�processing�value�type� Lp www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

Front Panel Microphone/preamplifier Microphone and preamplifier are integrated in a single enclosure. An extension cable cannot be used. START/STOP key Press to start or stop processing. Also used to change setting values in the calibration screen, menu screen, and recall screen. MODE key Changes the processing result display in the measurement screen and processing screen. Also used to change setting values in the calibration screen, menu screen, and recall screen. A/C/CAL key This key selects the frequency weighting characteristics, calibra- tion screen and recall screen. Pressing and holding this key in the measurement screen changes it to the menu screen. POWER key Turns the unit on and off. FT3432 SOUND LEVEL METER START/STOP MODE A/C/CAL POWER MENU START/STOP key MODE key A/C/CAL key POWER key Microphone Preamplifer www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

monitor output connector. (The connector can only be used for one purpose at a time.) DC out connector A DC signal corresponding to the sound level can be output from here. The signal after frequency weighting, time weighting, and logarithmic compression is output here (constant output when a DC output cable is connected). Connect the unit with the optional DC output cable to external equipment. AC monitor output connector An AC signal weighted with frequency weighting characteristic Z is output here (constant output when an AC monitor output cable is connected). Connect the unit with the optional AC monitor output cable to external equipment. When 110 dB is displayed, output is 1 Vrms +600 mVrms - 400 mVrms (The upper limit of the output voltage is 1.8 Vrms) Strap mount Attach the hand strap here (see page 8). Pass your wrist through this strap when holding the unit for measuring. DC out connector AC monitor output connector Strap mount External connector www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

Mount the unit on a camera tripod with this thread. Battery compartment Insert two size AAA (IEC R03, LR03) batteries here. Batteries Inserting the Batteries Important Make sure the unit is turn off before inserting the batteries. 1. Remove the battery compartment cover on the rear of the unit. 2. Insert two size AAA (IEC R03, LR03) batteries into the battery compartment. Insert correctly as indicated in the compartment. 3. Replace the battery compartment cover. Rear View Tripod mounting thread Battery compartment Battery contact Battery contact Press and pull in the arrow direction Insert two size AAA (IEC R03, LR03) batteries Remove the battery compartment cover www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

the batteries. If batteries are inserted with wrong polarity, the unit willnot operate. Always use two identical batteries, and replace batteries only as a set. Mixing battery types or old and new batteries can lead to damage. Remove the batteries from the unit when it is not used. Do not subject the battery spring contacts to excessive stress. Doing so may weaken the elasticity of the battery spring contacts, resulting in electrical contact failure between the contacts and the batteries. Battery life (at 23°C, using wide range) Manganese batteries: approx. 3 hours Alkaline batteries: approx. 9 hours Battery life will be reduced by 20% when a DC output cable is connected. Battery indication Indicates battery charge. When the indicator starts to flash, cor- rect measurement is no longer possible. Replace the batteries with fresh ones. Full charge Indicator flashing (replace the batteries) Important If the indicator starts flashing during processing, processing will end at that point. You cannot start processing with the START/STOP key when the battery indication is flashing. www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

Windscreen fall out prevention rubber (hereafter called “fall out prevention rubber”) Prevents the windscreen from dropping off the microphone. This is attached to the unit at the time of shipment. Important The windscreen can easily drop off the unit, so we recommend attaching the fall out pre- vention rubber. Be sure to follow the instructions in the fol- lowing diagram when attaching or detaching the fall out prevention rubber. Turning it in the opposite direction may loosen the microphone and cause it to fall off. FT3432 SOUND LEVEL METER Turn the fall out prevention rubber only in this direction. SOUND LEVEL METER NL-27 START/STOP MODE A/C/CAL POWER MENU Windscreen Fall out prevention rubber www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

it easier to grip when held. Fit it to the unit with the windscreen removed, as shown in the following diagram. Note You cannot use external connector when the silicon cover is fitted. You can attach the hand strap to the silicon cover strap mount. FT3432 SOUND LEVEL METER START/STOP MODE A/C/CAL POWER MENU SOUND LEVEL METER NL-27 START/STOP MODE A/C/CAL POWER MENU FT3432 SOUND LEVEL METER START/STOP MODE A/C/CAL POWER MENU Silicon cover strap mount www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

this strap when holding the unit for measuring. Attach the hand strap as shown below. Note Attach the hand strap to the silicon cover if you have fitted the unit with the silicon cover. Strap mount Hand strap When you have not fitted the silicon cover POWER When you have fitted the silicon cover Silicon cover strap mount www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

You can connect external equipment, such as a HIOKI Memory HiCorder to the external connector. Connect as shown in the following diagram. Note The connector has the ability to act as a DC out connector and an AC monitor output connector, but it can perform only one of these functions at a time. FT3432 SOUND LEVEL METER START/STOP MODE A/C/CAL POWER MENU External connector DC output cable CC-98D Memory HiCorder, DMM etc. Memory HiCorder etc. AC monitor output cable CC-98A FT3432 www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

after the measurement time has elapsed Processing screen Measurement screen Calibration screen Reduce volume with the START/STOP key Move the address down with the START/STOP key Move the address up with the MODE key Raise volume with the MODE key A/C/CAL key A/C/CAL key A/C/CAL key A/C/CAL key Frequency weighting characteristic A Frequency weighting characteristic C External calibration Internal calibration Recall screen Startup Power on A/C/CAL key Pressing the MODE key in the measur screen changes the display in the follo Lp Leq Lmax LE( LCpeak) Lp LCpeak only appears when peak range i Press and hold the A/C/CAL key Press and hold the A/C/CAL key Menu screen Range setting A/C/CAL ke A/C/CAL ke A/C/CAL ke Setting time weighting characteristics Setting measurement time Ch ST Ch ST Ch ST 1 m State transition diagram (functions and operation keys) www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

after the measurement time has elapsed Processing screen Reduce volume with the START/STOP key Move the address down with the START/STOP key Move the address up with the MODE key Raise volume with the MODE key wer on Pressing the MODE key in the measurement screen or processing screen changes the display in the following order. Lp Leq Lmax LE( LCpeak) Lp LCpeak only appears when peak range is selected. Press and hold the A/C/CAL key Press and hold the A/C/CAL key Menu screen Range setting A/C/CAL key A/C/CAL key A/C/CAL key Setting time weighting characteristics Setting measurement time Change the setting with the START/STOP key or MODE key Wide Peak Change the setting with the START/STOP key or MODE key F S Change the setting with the START/STOP key or MODE key 1 m 5 m 10 m 1 h 1 m www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

Processing mark Processing re- sult under range indication Sound level under range indication Frequency weighting characteristics Processing re- sult symbol Time weighting characteristics Level indication Bar graph, lev- el range scale Processing re- sult overload indication Sound level overload indi- cation Battery indica- tion Address number Elapsed time Measurement time Measurement time The measurement time set in the menu screen (see state transi- tion diagram, page 11). Elapsed time The amount of time elapsed since processing started. Address number The address where the processing result (the next process result in the measurement screen) is stored. Battery indication Indicates battery charge. (see page 5) Bar graph, level range scale Shows the sound level in a bar graph. Sound level overload indication Shows that the sound level has exceeded the measurement range. www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

Appears during processing when the sound level exceeds the measurement range, and remains until the next process starts (when a processing result is shown). Level indication Shows the sound level (Lp) and each processing result (Leq, Lmax, LE, and LCpeak) as digits. Switch the display with the MODE key. LCpeak is processed and shown only when peak range (see page 16) is selected. Time weighting characteristics Shows the time weighting characteristics selected in the menu screen. Processing result symbol Shows the relevant symbol for the displayed processing result (Leq, Lmax, LE, or LCpeak). Frequency weighting characteristics Change with the A/C/CAL key. See the state transition diagram (page 10). Processing result under range indication If the sound level falls below the measurable limit (-0.6 dB) dur- ing processing, this appears until the next process starts (when a processing result is shown). Sound level under range indication Appears when the sound level falls below the measurable limit (-0.6 dB). Processing mark Flashes during processing. www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

Press the POWER key for 0.5 seconds or more to turn the power on or off. Measurement Selecting frequency weighting characteristics In the measurement screen, press the A/C/CAL key to select either frequency weighting characteristic A or C. (See the state transition diagram on page 10) Processing (measurement) Press the START/STOP key to start the processing. The processing mark flashes during processing. Additionally, pressing the MODE key switches the display to show processing results (Lp, Leq, Lmax, LE, or LCpeak) made up to that point. Processing stops when the measurement time elapses or you press the START/STOP key. Storing processing data When processing stops, the Leq, Lmax, LE, or LCpeak process- ing results are automatically stored, and the address number increases by one. www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

Calibration with the built-in oscillator (1 kHz, sinusoidal wave). In the measurement screen, press the A/C/CAL key to switch to the internal calibration screen. (See the state transition diagram on page 10) Press the START/STOP key (Down) or MODE key (Up) to adjust the volume to 94.0 dB. Sound calibration (calibration with a sound calibrator) Use optional sound calibrator NC-74 or NC-72A. In the internal calibration screen, press the A/C/CAL key to switch to the sound calibration screen. Attach the microphone to NC-74 or NC-72A and turn NC-74 or NC-72A on. Wait at least 30 seconds, then press the START/ STOP key (Down) or MODE key (Up) to adjust the volume to the following values. NC-74 : 93.9 dB, NC-72A :114.0 dB. Internal calibration screen “Int”, “Cal”, and “94.0dB” appear on the display. The frequency weighting characteristic is fixed to C and the time weighting characteristic is fixed to F. Sound calibration screen “Aco” and “Cal” appear on the display. The frequency weighting characteristic is fixed to C and the time weighting characteristic is fixed to F. www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

to switch to the menu screen (not available during processing). Range setting Press the START/STOP key or the MODE key to select the fol- lowing range settings. Wide: Measurement range: 30 to 137 dB, LCpeak cannot be processed Peak: Measurement range: 65 to 137 dB, LCpeak can be processed Even if the frequency weighting characteristic is A, LCpeak is processed as C. When wide range is selected Flashes every 0.5 seconds Press the A/C/CAL key to switch to the time weighting char- acteristic settings. Press and hold the A/C/CAL key to return to the measurement screen. When peak range is selected Flashes every 0.5 seconds www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

Press the START/STOP key or the MODE key to select the following settings. F (fast), S (slow) Press the A/C/CAL key to switch to the measurement time settings. Press and hold the A/C/CAL key to return to the measurement screen. Flashes every 0.5 seconds Setting measurement time Press the START/STOP key or the MODE key to select the following settings. 1 m (1 minute), 5 m (5 minutes), 10 m (10 min- utes), 1 h (1 hour) Press the A/C/CAL key to return to the measurement screen. Flashes every 0.5 seconds www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

10 minutes, the unit enters sleep mode and the sleep mode screen appears. Power consumption is 30% of normal in sleep mode. Situations where the unit will not enter sleep mode The unit will not enter sleep mode in the following situations, even if no key is pressed for 10 minutes. If the processing screen, calibration screen, recall screen, or menu screen is displayed. If a cable is connected to the external connector. Waking the unit from sleep mode Press any key in sleep mode to return to the measurement screen. www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

In the measurement screen (frequency weighting characteristic C), press the A/C/CAL key three times to show the recall screen (see the state transition diagram on page 10). The most recent processing result is shown. Press the START/STOP key or the MODE key to change the displayed data as follows (LCpeak appears only when peak range is selected). Measurement time Elapsed time Address Shows that this is the recall screen. Level range scale (The bar graph is not shown) Measurement result ("--.-" appears if no data has been stored) Press and hold the START/STOP or the MODE key to move through the addresses faster. --- Address n-1 Address n Address n+1 --- To return to the measurement screen Press the A/C/CAL key Address n-1 Leq Lmax LE (LCpeak) Address n Leq Lmax LE (LCpeak) Address n+1 Leq Lmax LE (LCpeak) www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

flash alternately on the screen ev- ery 0.5 seconds. Clearing stored data Press the A/C/CAL key for 3 or more seconds while the recall screen is shown and a screen asking you to confirm clearing of the data appears. Data clear confirmation screen Press the START/STOP key and all stored data is cleared, then the recall screen appears again. Press the A/C/CAL key to cancel the operation and return to the recall screen. Initializing Power the unit on while pressing the START/STOP key and the settings in the unit are initialized. Initial setting values Measurement time 10 m (10 minutes) Time weighting characteristics F (Fast) Level range Wide Address 1 Error When an error is displayed on the LCD screen, repair is neces- sary. Please contact your dealer or Hioki representative. www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

level meter JIS C 1509-1:2005 class 2 IEC 61672-1:2013 class 2 JIS C 1516:2014 CE Marking WEEE Directive Chinese RoHS (units shipped to China only) Measurement functions Processing type Sound level Lp Equivalent continuous sound level Leq Sound exposure level LE Maximum Sound level Lmax C weighting peak sound level LCpeak (measurement possible only when peak range is selected) Measurement times 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, or 1 hour Microphone 1/2-inch electret condenser microphone Model: UC-52 Sensitivity: -33 dB±3 dB (re.1 V/Pa) Measurement level range Wide range A weighting: 30 dB to 137 dB C weighting: 36 dB to 137 dB Peak range A weighting: 65 dB to 137 dB C weighting: 65 dB to 137 dB Total range 30 dB to 137 dB (A weighting, 1 kHz) Peak sound level measurement range 65 dB to 140 dB Inherent noise level Wide range A weighting: 24 dB or less C weighting: 30 dB or less Peak range A weighting: 59 dB or less C weighting: 59 dB or less www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

20 Hz to 8 kHz Reference frequency 1 kHz Reference sound pressure level 94 dB Frequency weighting characteristics A and C Time weighting characteristics F (fast) and S (slow) Level range Wide range 30 to 130 dB Peak range* 60 to 130 dB * Peak range is used when measuring peak sound level. RMS detecting circuit Digital processing Processing Digital Sampling interval: 30.3 µs (Lp, Leq, Lmax, LE, LCpeak) Calibration Internal Calibration: Electronic calibration using an internal electronic signal (1 kHz, 94 dB) Acoustic Calibration : Using NC-74 (1 kHz, 93.9 dB) Using NC-72A (250 Hz, 114.0 dB) Windscreen Conforms to JIS C 1509-1 class 2 and JIS C 1516 class 2 IEC 61672-1 class 2 even when the windscreen is attached Display TN positive display, reflective type Numeric readout 0.1 dB resolution Bar graph Scale range 100 dB, resolution 5 dB (display update cycle 0.1 s) Warning indications Over (overload): appears at 137.4 dB (at 1 kHz) Under (underload): appears at measure- ment lower limit, -0.6 dB Battery indication Battery charge is indicated in 3 stages Storing processing results Processing results stored in the internal memory when processing ends. Storing capacity: 199 pieces of data Stored data can be viewed in the recall www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

DC output: 3 V (full scale), 25 mV/dB Output impedance: 50 Ω Load impedance: 10 kΩ or more AC monitor output connector AC output: 1 Vrms +600 mVrms -400 mVrms (at 110 dB) (Upper limit: 1.8 Vrms) Overload: +2 dB Output impedance: 600 Ω Load impedance: 10 kΩ or more Frequency weighting characteristics: Z weighting Power requirements 2 size AAA (IEC R03, LR03) batteries Power consumption: Approx. 80 mA (when operating at 3 V) (Approx. 30% in sleep mode) Battery life (at normal temperature): Wide range Approx. 9 hours (using alkaline batteries) Approx. 3 hours (using manga- nese batteries) Peak range Approx. 7 hours (using alkaline batteries) Approx. 2 hours (using manga- nese batteries) Battery life will be reduced by 20% when a DC output cable is connected. Power consumption increases by ap- proximately 20% during calibration. www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

-10°C to 50°C (14°F to 122°F) 10% to 90% RH (No condensation) Environmental conditions for storage -10°C to 50°C (14°F to 122°F) 10% to 90% RH (No condensation) Dimensions Approx. 120 mm(H)×63 mm(W) ×23.5 mm(D) (4.72”(H)×2.48”(W)×0.93”(D)) Weight Approx. 105 g (3.7oz.) (including bat- teries) Supplied accessories Windscreen WS-14 1 Hand strap VM-63-017 1 Windscreen fall out prevention rubber NL-27-014 1 Silicon cover NL-27-089 1 Carrying Case 9757 1 Size AAA(IEC LR03) alkaline batteries 2 Instruction Manual 1 Optional equipments AC monitor output cable CC-98A DC output cable CC-98D Tripod ST-80 Extention Rod ST-80-100 www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

START/STOP MODE A/C/CAL POWER MENU 23.5 120 63 Front View Rear View Right Side View Left Side View Dimensional Drawings Unit: mm www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

of operation 9.2.1 b) Configuration •�FT3432 •�WS-14 •�Windscreen� fall� out prevention rubber •�Silicon�cover�( Attachments) Normal mode of operation Power on and off Unit powered 5.1.6 Models�of�microphone� Appropriate�procedures�for�use� the�sound�level�meter� 9.2.1�c) 9.2.5 b) UC-52 Power on and off, Measurement,� Calibration 5.1.7 Mounting�of�microphone 9.2.1 b) � Attachments 5.1.8 Identification�of�computer�soft- ware N/A 5.1.10 Description�of�frequency�weight- ings�that�are�provided 9.2.2�c) A, C 5.1.12 Description�of�level�ranges�(@� A-weighted�SPL�@�1�kHz�) Instruction�manual�of�the�level� range�controls�and�function. Recommendation�for�selecting� the�optimum�level�range. 9.2.2�h) 9.2.5�c) 30�dB�to�137�dB � Menu�settings � Menu�settings Description for IEC 61672-1 www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

incidence�direction� and�reference�point� position 5.1.14 Operating�of�the�hold�facility�and� the�means�for�clearing�a�display� that�is�held. � Measurement:� Maximum�time- weighted�sound� level L max, C weighted� peak� sound�level 5.1.15 Dummy� microphone:� Design� goal�and�tolerance 9.3�g) Capacitance� of� dummy�microphone:� 19�pF� Tolerance:�±3�pF� 5.1.16 Highest� SPL� and� Peak-Peak� input� voltage� without� causing� damage. 9.3�i) 150�dB 28�Vp-p 5.1.17 Characteristics�of�each�indepen- dent�channel�to�be�described N/A 5.1.18 Initial�time�interval�after�switch- ing on power 9.2.5 e) Less� than� 30� sec- onds. 5.2 Adjustment to indicated levels 5.2.1 Model�of�sound�calibrator(s)� 9.2.4 a) NC-74 NC-72A 5.2.3 Procedure�for�calibration�&�ad- justment�with�sound�calibrator� 9.2.4�c) C a l i b r a t i o n :� Acoustic� cali- bration� with� Sound�Calibrator� 93.9�dB�(NC-74), 114.0� dB� (NC- 72A) www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

response� of� the� microphone�UC-52� (including�the�case� reflection) Fig.�4��Influence�of� WS-14�on�acoustic� performance� of� FT3432 5.2.7 Adjustment�data�for�sound�cali- brator�or�electrostatic�actuator� (for�A-weighted�sound�levels) 9.3�d) Tab.� 2� Adjustment� data�for�sound�cali- brator 5.4 Frequency weightings 5.4.12 Frequency� response� &� toler- ances� of� optional� frequency� responses 9.2.2�c) N/A 5.5 Level linearity 5.5.9 A,�C�and�Z�weighted�levels�for� the�lower�and�upper�limit�of�the� linear operating range. 9.3�e) Tab.� 3� � The� lower� and�upper�limits�of� the�linear�operating� range 5.5.10 Starting�point�for�the�level�lin- earity�error 9.3�f) Tab.� 3� � The� lower� and�upper�limits�of� the�linear�operating� range 5.5.11 How�to�test�level�linearity�if�dis- play�range�<�linearity�range 9.3�k) N/A 5.6 Self generated noise 5.6.1 Self-noise�at�the�more�sensitive� ranges�(including�microphone) 9.2.5 o) 9.3�h) Maximum value A:�<24�dB C:�<30�dB www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

tive�ranges�with�dummy�micro- phone 9.3�h) Dummy�microphone� (19�pF) Maximum value Equal�to�5.6.1 Typical�value A:�19�dB C:�24�dB 5.7 Time weighting F and S 5.7.1 Description�of�time�weightings� that�are�provided 9.2.2 d) F,�S 5.10 - 5.11 Overload and Under-range indication 5.10.1 Operation & interpretation of overload�indicators 9.2.5�k) � Measurement� screen�and�pro- cessing�screen 5.11.1 Operation & interpretation of under-range�indicators � Measurement� screen�and�pro- cessing�screen 5.12 Peak C sound level 5.12.1 Nominal�range�of�LCpeak�at�for� each�level�range 9.2.2 i) � Specifications 5.14 Thresholds 5.14 Operation� of� user-selectable� thresholds 9.2.5 l) N/A 5.15 Display 5.15.2 Description�of�the�indication�of� displayed�quantities 9.2.2 g) � Measurement� screen�and�pro- cessing�screen 5.15.3 Description�of�the�display� 9.2.2 g) � Measurement� screen�and�pro- cessing�screen 5.15.4 Description� of� the� displayed� quantities 9.2.2 a) N/A 5.15.5 Statement�of�the�display�update� rate 9.2.2 g) 1�second 5.15.6 Time�interval�for�completion�of� the�integration 9.2.5 f) N/A 5.15.7 Description�of�method�for�trans- ferring data to PC 9.2.5 m) N/A www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

5.16.1 Electric�output�connector�(AC� output) 9.2.5 p) Frequency� weight- ing:�Z 1�Vrms�+600�mVrms -400�mVrms (at�110�dB) Output�range: 1.8�Vrms�or�less Output�impedance:� 600 Ω Load� impedance:� >10�kΩ Electric�output�connector�(DC� output) Frequency� weight- ing:�A,�C Output�voltage: 3.0�V�(at�130�dB), 25�mV/dB Output�range: 0.5�to�3.2�V Output�impedance:� 50 Ω Load� impedance:� >10�kΩ 5.17 Timing facilities 5.17.1 Procedure�to�preset�the�integra- tion�time�&�time�of�the�day� 9.2.5 g) N/A 5.17.2 Statement� of� the� minimum� &� maximum integration time 9.2.5�h) N/A 5.18 RF emissions and power supply disturbance 5.18.1 Length�&�type�of�interface�cable� and�characteristics�of�connected� devices 9.2.5 n) AC monitor output cable�CC-98A�(2�m) DC� output� cable� CC-98D�(2�m) All�cables�shielded� 5.18.2 Operating�mode�or�highest�radio� frequency�emissions 9.3�n) Operation� mode:� normal operation Connection�pattern:� Option�cable www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

supply�voltage 9.3�j Maximum:� 3.6�V Minimum:� 1.8�V 5.20.3 Battery�types�&�battery�life� 9.2.3�a) Batteries 5.20.4 Operation from an external power�supply� 9.2.3�c) N/A 5.20.5 Public�power�supply�voltage 9.2.3�d) N/A 6 Environmental, electrostatic and radio frequency criteria 6.1.2 Time� interval� for� needed� to� stabilize� after� environmental� changes 9.3�l) T e m p e r a t u r e� change:�<�1�hour Humidity�change:� <�1�hour Static� pressu re� change:�<�5�minutes 6.2.2 (Note) Measurement�when�static�pres- sure�is�<�85�kPa Calibration and measurement� per- formed� in�this�en- vironment� using� Sound� Calibrator� NC-74�or�NC-72A� 6.5.2 Degradation� of� functions� by� electrostatic�discharge 9.2.7 b) Measurement�value� affected�temporar- ily�by�electrostatic� discharge� 6.6.1 Operating�mode�with�least�im- munity�to�AC�power�frequency� fields�and�RF�fields 9.3�o) Fig.�5 Operation� mode:� normal operation Connection�pattern:� Option�cable 6.6.4 (Note) Field�strength�for�conforming� (in�case��>�10�V/m)� 9.3�m) N/A 7 Provisions for use with auxiliary devices 7.1 Correction�for�use�of�microphone� cable 9.2.6 b) N/A www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

screen) Compliant�with�IEC� 61672-1�(JIS�C�1509- 1),�with�Windscreen� WS-14�mounted 7.4 Operation� of� 1/1� -� 1/3� octave� band�filters 9.2.6�c) N/A 7.5 Details�about�connection�&�ef- fects�of�auxiliary�devices� 9.2.6 d) � Attachments 9 Instruction manual 9.2.1 General 9.2.1 a) Description�of�type,�classification� (X,�Y,�Z)�and�class� Group�X,�class�2 9.2.1 b) Overall�configuration,� Normal�operation�configuration� (including�windscreen) 5.1.4 5.1.7 Refer to 5.1.4 Refer to 5.1.7 9.2.1�c) Models�of�microphones 5.1.6 Refer to 5.1.6 9.2.1 d) Required�microphone�cable�to� conform N/A 9.2.1 e) Characteristics�&�operation�each� channel N/A 9.2.2 Design features 9.2.2 a) Description�of�quantities�which� can�be�measured 5.15.4 t i m e - w e i g h t e d� sound�level,�equiv- alent� continuous� sound�level,�maxi- mum�value�of�time- weighted�sound�lev- el,�sound�exposure� level,� peak� sound� level 9.2.2 b) Relative�free-field�response�as� function�of�incidence�angle�and� frequency�(detailed�tabular�de- scription) Directional�Charac- teristics�with�Hori- zontal� Direction� (Fig.� 6),� Vertical� Direction�(Fig.�7) www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

weightings 5.1.10 5.4.12 Refer to 5.1.10 Refer to 5.4.12 9.2.2 d) Description�of�the�time�weight- ings 5.7.1 Refer to 5.7.1 9.2.2 e) Identification�of�the�level�ranges� (A-weighted�@�1�kHz) 5.1.12 Refer to 5.1.12 9.2.2 f) Operation� of� the� level� range� control 5.1.12 Refer to 5.1.12 9.2.2 g) Description�of�the�display�and� update�rates� 5.15.2-3- 4-5� Refer�to�5.15.2-3-4-5 9.2.2�h) Total�range�of�A-�weighted�SPL� (@�1�kHz) 5.1.12 Refer to 5.1.12 9.2.2 i) Nominal range of LCpeak at for each�level�range 5.12.1 Refer to 5.12.1 9.2.2 j) Computer�software�to�operate� the�SLM 5.1.8 Refer to 5.1.8 9.2.2�k) Design� goals� and� tolerances� for�quantities�which�are�not�in� the�standard�(T-weight�10�ms,� LAIeq) N/A 9.2.3 Power supply 9.2.3�a) Battery�types�&�battery�life 5.20.3 Refer�to�5.20.3 9.2.3�b) Description�of�the�function�of� battery�check � Batteries:� Dis- play 9.2.3�c) Operation from an external power�supply 5.20.4 Refer to 5.20.4 9.2.3�d) Public�power�supply�voltage 5.20.5 Refer to 5.20.5 9.2.4 Adjustment to indicated levels 9.2.4 a) Model�of�sound�calibrator(s) 5.2.1 Refer to 5.2.1 9.2.4 b) Calibration�check�frequency 1�kHz�(NC-74)� 250�Hz�(NC-72A) 9.2.4�c) Procedure�for�calibration�&�ad- justment�with�sound�calibrator� 5.2.3 Refer�to�5.2.3 www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

9.2.5 a) Reference�direction 5.1.13 Refer�to�5.1.13 9.2.5 b) Procedure�to�measure�sound,� Influence�of�the�instrument�case� and operator. 5.1.6 5.2.4 5.2.5 Refer to 5.1.6 Refer to 5.2.4 Refer to 5.2.5 9.2.5�c) Recommendation�for�selecting� optimum level range 5.1.12 Refer to 5.1.12 9.2.5 e) Initial�time�interval�after�switch- ing on power 5.1.18 Refer to 5.1.18 9.2.5 f) Time�interval�for�completion�of� the�integration 5.15.6 Refer to 5.15.6 9.2.5 g) Procedure�to�preset�the�integra- tion�time�&�time�of�the�day� 5.17.1 Refer to 5.17.1 9.2.5�h) Statement� of� the� minimum� &� maximum integration time 5.17.2 Refer to 5.17.2 9.2.5 i) Operation�of�the�“Hold”�func- tion � Measurement:� Measurement�of� maximum�time- weighted�sound� level www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

Measurement�results� (measurement� val- ues,�overload�indi- cation,�under-range� indication)�are�reset� when� a� new� mea- surement�is�started.� Time� required� for� measurement�initial- ization:�<�1�second� 9.2.5.k) Operation & interpretation of overload�indicators 5.10.1 Refer to 5.10.1 9.2.5 l) Operation� of� user-selectable� thresholds 5.14 Refer to 5.14 9.2.5 m) Description�of�method�for�trans- ferring data to PC 5.15.7 Refer to 5.15.7 9.2.5 n) Length�&�type�of�interface�cable� and�characteristics�of�connected� devices 5.18.1 Refer to 5.18.1 9.2.5 o) Self-noise�at�the�more�sensitive� ranges�(including�microphone).� Averaging�time�≥�30�s.� 5.6.1 Refer to 5.6.1 9.2.5 p) Characteristics�of�AC�and�DC� output 5.16.1 Refer to 5.16.1 9.2.6 Accessories 9.2.6 a) Effect� of� windscreen� (direc- tional�response�and�frequency� weighting)�� 7.2 Refer to 7.2 9.2.6 b) Corrections�for�microphone�cable 7.1 Refer to 7.1 9.2.6�c) Use�of�bandpass�filters 7.4 Refer to 7.4 9.2.6 d) Connection�of�auxiliary�devices 7.5 Refer to 7.5 9.2.7 Influence of environmental conditions 9.2.7 a) Components�intended�for�opera- tion�in�controlled�environment None 9.2.7 b) Degradation� of� functions� by� electrostatic�discharge 6.5.2 Refer to 6.5.2 9.2.7�c) Statement�for�conformance�to� AC�power�frequency�fields�and� RF�fields Statement� of� con- forming�to�the�basic� statement�(Tab.�1) www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

9.3�a) Reference�sound�pressure�level 5.1.13 Refer�to�5.1.13 9.3�b) Reference�level�range 5.1.13 Refer�to�5.1.13 9.3�c) Microphone�reference�point 5.1.13 Refer�to�5.1.13 9.3�d) For� A-weighted� sound� levels:� Adjustment�data�for�multi-fre- quency�sound�calibrator�and/or� electrostatic�actuator� 5.2.7 Refer to 5.2.7 9.3�e) Nominal�A-weighted�sound�lev- els�at�the�upper�and�lower�limits� of�the�linear�operating�range�on� each�level�range. -�For�frequencies�31.5�Hz,�1,�4,� 8�and�12.5�kHz 5.5.9 Refer to 5.5.9 9.3�f) Starting�point�for�the�level�lin- earity�error -�For�frequencies�31.5�Hz,�1,�4,� 8�and�12.5�kHz -�At�the�reference�level�range 5.5.10 Refer to 5.5.10 9.3�g) Dummy� microphone:� Design� goal�and�tolerance 5.1.15 Refer to 5.1.15 9.3�h) Self-noise�at�the�more�sensitive� ranges�with�microphone�and�with� dummy�microphone 5.6.1 / 5.6.3 Refer to 5.6.1 / 5.6.3 9.3�i) Highest�SPL�and�Peak-Peak�input� voltage�to�accommodate 5.1.16 Refer to 5.1.16 9.3�j) Maximum and minimum power supply�voltage 5.20.2 Refer to 5.20.2 9.3�k) How�to�test�level�linearity�if�dis- play�range�<�linearity�range 5.5.11 Refer to 5.5.11 9.3�l) Time�interval�for�needed�to�stabilize� after�environmental�changes 6.1.2 Refer to 6.1.2 9.3�m) Field�strength�for�conforming� (in�case��>�10�V/m) 6.6.4 Refer to 6.6.4 9.3�n) Operating�mode�or�highest�radio� frequency�emissions 5.18.2 Refer to 5.18.2 9.3�o) Operating�mode�with�least�im- munity�to�AC�power�frequency� fields�and�RF�fields 6.6.1 Refer to 6.6.1 www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

"Nominal frequency (Hz)" "Exact frequency (Hz)" "UC-52 Frequency Response (dB)" "FT3432 Frequency Response (dB) case�reflec- tion" "FT3432 Electrical Response (dB)" "Total Response (dB)" "Wind screen effect (dB)" "Total Response (WS-14 combined) (dB)" "Total expanded uncertainty" 63 63.10� 0.0 0.0 -0.1� -0.1� 0.0 -0.1� 0.3� 80 79.43� 0.0 0.0 -0.1� -0.1� 0.0 -0.1� 0.3� 100 100.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1� -0.1� 0.0 -0.1� 0.3� 125 125.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3� 160 158.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3� 200 199.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 250 251.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 315 316.2� 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 400 398.1� 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 500 501.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 630 631.0� 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 800 794.3� 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 1000 1000.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 -0.1� 0.1 0.2 1060 1059.3� 0.0 0.3� 0.0 0.3� 0.0 0.3� 0.3� 1120 1122.0 0.0 0.3� 0.0 0.3� -0.1� 0.2 0.3� 1180 1188.5 0.0 0.3� 0.0 0.3� 0.0 0.3� 0.3� 1250 1258.9 0.0 0.3� 0.0 0.3� -0.1� 0.2 0.3� 1320 1333.5� 0.0 0.3� 0.0 0.3� 0.0 0.3� 0.3� 1400 1412.5 0.0 0.3� 0.0 0.3� 0.1 0.4 0.3� 1500 1496.2 0.1 0.3� 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.3� 1600 1584.9 0.1 0.3� 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.3� 1700 1678.8 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.3� -0.1� 0.2 0.3� 1800 1778.3� 0.1 -0.1� 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3� 1900 1883.6� 0.1 -0.1� 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3� 2000 1995.3� 0.2 -0.1� 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3� 2120 2113.5� 0.2 -0.1� 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3� 0.3� 2240 2238.7� 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3� 2360 2371.4� 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.3� 0.3� 2500 2511.9 0.3� -0.1� -0.1� 0.1 0.2 0.3� 0.3� 2650 2660.7 0.3� -0.3� -0.1� -0.1� 0.2 0.1 0.3� 2800 2818.4 0.3� -0.6� -0.1� -0.4� 0.2 -0.2� 0.3� 3000 2985.4 0.4 -0.8� -0.1� -0.5� 0.2 -0.3� 0.3� 3150 3162.3� 0.4 -0.8� -0.1� -0.5� 0.2 -0.3� 0.3� 3350 3349.7� 0.4 -0.6� -0.1� -0.3� 0.3� 0.0 0.4 3550 3548.1� 0.4 -0.4� -0.1� -0.1� 0.4 0.3� 0.4 www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

38 "Nominal frequency (Hz)" "Exact frequency (Hz)" "UC-52 Frequency Response (dB)" "FT3432 Frequency Response (dB) case�reflec- tion" "FT3432 Electrical Response (dB)" "Total Response (dB)" "Wind screen effect (dB)" "Total Response (WS-14 combined) (dB)" "Total expanded uncertainty" 3750 3758.4 0.4 -0.4� -0.1� -0.1� 0.3� 0.2 0.4 4000 3981.1� 0.4 -0.5� -0.1� -0.2� 0.4 0.2 0.4 4250 4217.0 0.4 -0.6� -0.1� -0.3� 0.4 0.1 0.4 4500 4466.8 0.4 -0.3� 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.6 0.4 4750 4731.5� 0.3� 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.4 5000 5011.9 0.3� 0.5 0.0 0.8 0.4 1.2 0.4 5300 5308.8� 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.4 5600 5623.4� 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.4 6000 5956.6 0.1 -0.1� 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.5 0.4 6300 6309.6� 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.5 0.4 6700 6683.4� -0.1� 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.3� 0.4 0.4 7100 7079.5 -0.2� 0.3� 0.0 0.1 0.3� 0.4 0.4 7500 7498.9 -0.4� 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.3� 0.5 0.4 8000 7943.3� -0.5� 0.1 0.1 -0.3� 0.2 -0.1� 0.4 www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

position Fig.�1��Reference�incidence�direction�and�reference�point�position Frequency Response The�frequency�response�of�a�sound�field�microphone�is�ex- pressed�as�the�frequency�response�in�the�reference�direction� of�incidence�(0º). The�diagram�below�shows�an�example�for�the�frequency�response� of�the�microphone�UC-52. Fig.�2��Frequency�response�of�the�microphone�UC-52 Reference direction of incidence Reference point position Center of diaphragm plane -3.0 -2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 Response (dB) 10 100 1 000 10 000 100 000 Frequency (Hz) www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

The�windscreen�WS-14�reduces�measurement�errors�due�to� wind�noise.� The�WS-14�characteristics�are�shown�below. Fig.�3��Wind�noise�reduction�effect� Frequency weighting A 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 1 10 100 Wind velocity (m/s) Wind noise level (dB) FT3432 With WS-14 Frequency weighting C 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 1 10 100 Wind velocity (m/s) Wind noise level (dB) FT3432 With WS-14 www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

41 Fig.�4��Influence�of�WS-14�on�acoustic�performance�of�FT3432 (Referenced�to�FT3432�characteristics)� -3.0 -2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 Response (dB) 10 100 1 000 10 000 100 000 Frequency (Hz) www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

frequency fields Fig.�5��The�greatest�susceptibility�configuration�for�radio�frequency�fields FT3432 SOUND LEVEL METER START/STOP MODE A/C/CAL POWER MENU Memory HiCorder, DMM Polarization direction is parallel to drawing plane Antenna Operation mode: normal operation Connection pattern - Option cable FT3432 Option cable www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

Tab.�1��Statement�of�conforming�to�the�basic�statement Immunity�to�AC�power� frequency�fields The�specification�of�IEC�61672-1�class�2�is� satisfied Immunity�to�RF�fields The�specification�of�IEC�61672-1�class�2�is� satisfied Emissions The�specification�of�IEC�61672-1�class�2�is� satisfied Adjustment data for sound calibrator Tab.�2��Adjustment�data�for�sound�calibrator Frequency�(Hz) Correction�(dB) 31.5 0.0 63 0.0 125 0.0 250 0.0 500 0.0 1000 0.1 2000 0.3� 4000 1.3� 8000 3.2� 12500 6.5 16000 6.7 The lower and upper limits of the linear operating range Tab.�3��The�lower�and�upper�limits�of�the�linear�operating�range A-weighting Sound�level�(dB) Frequency�(Hz) 31.5 1�k 4�k 8�k Upper 97.0 137.0 136.0 133.0 Start 54.0 94.0 94.0 94.0 Lower 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 C-weighting Sound�level�(dB) Frequency�(Hz) 31.5 1�k 4�k 8�k Upper 134.0 137.0 136.0 133.0 Start 94.0 94.0 94.0 94.0 Lower 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

210° 220° 230° 240° 250° 260° 270° 280° 290° 300° 310° 320° 330° 340° 350° 0° 500 Hz 1 kHz 2 kHz 4 kHz 8 kHz 16 kHz -15dB -10dB -5dB 0dB 5dB 10° 20° 30° 40° 50° 60° 70° 80° 90° 100° 110° 120° 130° 140° 150° 200°190° 180° 170°160° 210° 220° 230° 240° 250° 260° 270° 280° 290° 300° 310° 320° 330° 340° 350° 0° 500 Hz 1 kHz 2 kHz 4 kHz 8 kHz 16 kHz www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

Direction� Tab.�5 Directional�Characteristics�with�Vertical�Di- rection� An- gle Frequency�[Hz] An- gle Frequency�[Hz] 501 1000 1995 3981 7499 15849 501 1000 1995 3981 7499 15849 0º 0 0 0 0 0 0 0º 0 0 0 0 0 0 10º -0.07� -0.01� -0.08� -0.03� -0.05� -0.23� 10º -0.02� 0.00 -0.05� 0.06 0.10 -0.40� 20º -0.07� -0.06� -0.07� -0.06� -0.15� -0.78� 20º -0.01� -0.03� -0.04� 0.01 0.06 -0.74� 30º -0.02� -0.07� -0.04� -0.13� -0.19� -0.87� 30º -0.02� -0.09� -0.08� -0.06� -0.21� -1.03� 40º -0.04� -0.17� -0.04� -0.32� -0.46� -1.15� 40º -0.04� -0.11� -0.05� -0.27� -0.66� -1.46� 50º -0.10� -0.28� -0.08� -0.57� -0.81� -1.98� 50º -0.08� -0.12� -0.07� -0.59� -0.86� -2.44� 60º -0.09� -0.33� -0.01� -0.66� -1.38� -3.46� 60º -0.13� -0.22� 0.00 -0.89� -1.63� -3.57� 70º -0.18� -0.46� -0.05� -0.46� -2.14� -4.94� 70º -0.12� -0.31� 0.12 -0.76� -2.52� -4.25� 80º -0.19� -0.58� 0.06 -0.26� -2.98� -5.75� 80º -0.18� -0.47� 0.06 -0.16� -3.09� -6.70� 90º -0.22� -0.81� -0.01� -0.12� -3.94� -6.52� 90º -0.14� -0.57� 0.27 -0.57� -3.85� -7.44� 100º -0.17� -0.80� -0.10� -0.32� -3.65� -6.83� 100º -0.25� -0.73� -0.33� -0.65� -3.75� -7.25� 110º -0.19� -0.87� -0.38� -0.61� -2.87� -9.21� 110º -0.21� -0.83� -0.57� 0.11 -4.02� -8.42� 120º -0.21� -0.86� -0.82� -0.55� -3.07� -9.07� 120º -0.18� -0.86� -0.86� 0.20 -3.07� -8.93� 130º -0.19� -0.84� -1.04� -0.51� -3.22� -7.88� 130º -0.18� -0.85� -1.28� -0.35� -3.81� -9.82� 140º -0.18� -0.75� -1.20� -1.09� -3.84� -8.54� 140º -0.16� -0.81� -1.28� -1.36� -2.55� -8.96� 150º -0.16� -0.70� -1.03� -1.49� -3.89� -9.86� 150º -0.13� -0.78� -1.06� -1.98� -3.38� -10.66� 160º -0.18� -0.64� -0.85� -1.37� -4.61� -10.87� 160º -0.13� -0.70� -0.79� -1.42� -6.17� -7.11� 170º -0.16� -0.57� -0.59� -0.75� -4.15� -9.62� 170º -0.14� -0.62� -0.52� -0.40� -3.96� -12.72� 180º -0.14� -0.56� -0.43� -0.24� -2.77� -8.17� 180º -0.11� -0.57� -0.34� -0.28� -3.15� -8.29� 190º -0.17� -0.57� -0.53� -0.70� -4.09� -9.28� 190º -0.12� -0.54� -0.55� -0.32� -4.02� -10.20� 200º -0.19� -0.57� -0.61� -0.71� -4.21� -9.72� 200º -0.12� -0.59� -0.73� -0.95� -6.61� -9.93� 210º -0.14� -0.66� -0.73� -1.56� -4.68� -9.87� 210º -0.16� -0.70� -1.11� -1.98� -3.50� -10.46� 220º -0.19� -0.77� -1.04� -1.42� -4.22� -9.25� 220º -0.18� -0.76� -1.31� -1.60� -2.62� -8.78� 230º -0.17� -0.80� -0.97� -0.90� -4.28� -8.43� 230º -0.20� -0.80� -1.33� -0.53� -4.17� -10.20� 240º -0.19� -0.87� -0.93� -0.56� -3.63� -7.85� 240º -0.18� -0.78� -0.95� 0.13� -3.46� -10.12� 250º -0.18� -0.85� -0.64� -0.59� -3.14� -9.51� 250º -0.22� -0.81� -0.53� -0.07� -4.02� -8.36� 260º -0.16� -0.88� -0.25� -0.76� -3.27� -8.79� 260º -0.22� -0.77� -0.11� -0.45� -4.01� -7.42� 270º -0.19� -0.71� 0.01 -0.26� -3.82� -6.08� 270º -0.22� -0.62� 0.06 -0.77� -3.93� -7.81� 280º -0.14� -0.63� 0.14 -0.09� -3.67� -6.17� 280º -0.16� -0.47� 0.18 -0.52� -3.29� -6.59� 290º -0.11� -0.51� 0.16 -0.40� -3.02� -5.49� 290º -0.10� -0.35� 0.22 -0.65� -2.72� -5.15� 300º -0.11� -0.34� 0.04 -0.67� -1.75� -4.15� 300º -0.16� -0.21� -0.08� -1.06� -1.87� -3.95� 310º -0.08� -0.20� -0.10� -0.58� -0.88� -2.09� 310º -0.14� -0.14� -0.17� -0.82� -0.95� -2.87� 320º -0.08� -0.11� -0.15� -0.37� -0.60� -1.57� 320º -0.03� -0.15� -0.05� -0.35� -0.84� -1.96� 330º -0.06� -0.08� -0.17� -0.24� -0.33� -1.29� 330º -0.04� -0.09� -0.12� -0.09� -0.45� -1.15� 340º -0.03� -0.03� -0.08� -0.06� 0.00 -0.54� 340º -0.01� -0.04� -0.07� 0.03� -0.01� -0.49� 350º -0.03� 0.00 -0.10� -0.07� -0.03� -0.20� 350º -0.02� 0.00 -0.10� 0.06 0.10 -0.22� www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187

Fig.�8��Random�incidence�response -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 Response (dB) 10 100 1 000 10 000 100 000 Frequency (Hz) www. .com [email protected] 1.800.561.8187