Innova 1312 Manual 

Instruction Manual INNOVA BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor

INNOVA Instruction Manual Safety Considerations The 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor complies with IEC 348; Safety Requirements for Electronic Measuring Apparatus and IEC 1010 – 1; Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use, and is supplied in a safe condition. To ensure safe operation and retain the 1312 in a safe condition, note the following: EXPLOSION HAZARD! TO AVOID THE POSSIBILITY OF AN EXPLOSION, MONITORING OF FLAMMABLE GASES IN EXPLOSIVE CONCENTRATIONS MUST NEVER BE ATTEMPTED. Never operate the 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor in potentially explo- sive environments. When monitoring potentially flammable or toxic gases it is essential that: • The instrument itself is placed in a well-ventilated area outside the poten- tially hazardous zone. • A sufficiently long tube is connected to the air-outlet on the back panel so that the sampled gas is carried away to the open air or to an extraction and/or filtration unit. WARNINGS! • Avoid water condensation in the instrument. • Switch off all equipment before connecting or disconnecting their digital interface. Failure to do so could damage the equipment. • Whenever it is likely that the correct function or operating safety of the apparatus has been impaired, the apparatus must be made inoperative and be secured against unintended operation. • Any adjustment, maintenance and repair of the open apparatus under volt- age must be avoided as far as possible and, if unavoidable, must be carried out only by trained service personnel. • If a fault is reported by the monitor that indicates correct function of the instrument may be impaired, consult your local Innova AirTech representa- tive. Under no circumstances should repair be attempted by persons not qualified in the service of electronic instrumentation.

III Instruction Manual Safety Considerations APPLYING POWER Before using the 1312, check that it is set to match the available mains voltage and that the correct fuses are installed. SAFETY SYMBOLS The apparatus will be marked with this symbol when it is important that the user refers to the associated warning statements given in the User Guide. Frame or Chassis Protective earth Dangerous voltage ! Copyright © 1997 Innova AirTech Instruments A/S All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distrib- uted in any form or by any means without prior consent in writing from Innova AirTech Instruments A/S, Nærum, Denmark. Trademarks Windows95 and Access are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Excel is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation

1−1 Instruction Manual Chapter 1 Using this Manual

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 1−Using this Manual Introduction 1.1 Introduction This manual can be used in several ways. The first time users can work their way through the examples in order to get to know this monitoring system. The more experienced users can jump directly to the relevant chapters in order to gain assist- ance, and experts can use this manual as a reference book by using the index. When Offline operation is required, the normal instructions should be followed. If there is a deviation from these instructions, this will be indicated in the relevant sections. 1.2 Displaying Information The information displayed on screen is presented in this manual as shown below: – Menu-bar option e.g. Edit — Pull-down menu option e.g. Open ˜ Index-card e.g. ”Gas” ™ Group e.g. Gas Setup š Select Field e.g. Select S.I.T: › Check box: used to select several options œ Soft-key e.g. Reload Filter Info. Radio push-buttons: these are not illustrated above, but are commonly used in the software. They act as a toggle function when several options are available, but only one can be selected at a time. 1.3 Tool-bar Icons in 1312PC Software The instructions in this manual use the pull-down menu paths to describe how operations are possible. However, in many cases, the icons in the tool-bar can be used to speed things up. The text below provides the key to the icons. Create a new measurement task Open an existing measurement task Copy active window to clipboard › – — ˜ ™ š œ

Tool-bar Icons in 1312PC Software BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 1−3 Instruction Manual Print active screen Change sequence settings Online only – Start a measurement sequence Online only – Pause a measurement sequence Online only – Stop a measurement sequence Auto-scale axis from 0 to maximum value (only available when the Autoscale OFF is selected in the windows properties dialogue) Auto-scale axis from minimum to maximum values (only available when the Autoscale OFF is selected in the windows properties dialogue) Zoom in (only available when two cursors are selected) Zoom out (only available when zoom is enabled) Display the active window’s properties Presentation only – Go to the start of the measurement task Presentation only – Scroll backwards through the measurement task Presentation only – Scroll forwards through the measurement task Presentation only – Go to the end of the measurement task Open the Cursor values dialogue Online only – Open the Alarm status dialogue

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 1−Using this Manual Tool-bar Icons in 1312PC Software

2−1 Instruction Manual Chapter 2 Preliminary Tasks

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 2−Preliminary Tasks Installing the 1312PC Software When taking delivery of the 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor, five very impor- tant and necessary preliminary tasks must be completed before starting to operate it: G Install the 1312PC Software G Connect the Monitor to a PC. G Adjustment of the “Mains Voltage” selector. G Check/Change the fuses in the monitor. G Set the Communication Parameters. 2.1 Installing the 1312PC Software Before installing the software, the PC must meet the following requirements: The 1312PC software comes complete with an installation program. Insert the disk labelled “1312PC Software Disk 1” and use the standard Windows95 procedure to run SETUP.EXE. If you are unsure how to install programs, refer to your Windows95 Help. After the installation is successfully completed, five icons appear in the 1312PC program menu. These are labelled: G ONLINE G PRESENTATION G CALIBRATE G OFFLINE G DATABASE ADMINISTRATION These icons can be placed on your desktop for easy access to the programs. Hardware: A 486 (50MHz) co-processor or better Min. 16Mbytes of RAM Min. 40Mbytes of space available on the hard disk VGA monitor or better One RS–232 port Mouse Software: Windows95

Connecting the Monitor to the PC BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 2−3 Instruction Manual 2.2 Connecting the Monitor to the PC The monitor comes complete with a 9-pin to 25-pin null modem RS – 232 interface cable. If your PC has a 25-pin serial port, an adaptor can be fitted to enable the supplied cable to be used. 2.2.1 Fitting the RS–232 Cable 1. Ensure that both the 1312 and the PC are switched off at the mains. Failure to do so may result in your equipment being damaged. 2. Locate the serial port at the back of the PC, refer to your PC manual if in doubt. 3. Push the connector on the RS–232 cable on to the serial port socket, and secure it firmly using the securing screws. 4. Locate the output labelled “RS–232” at the back of the 1312. 5. Push the connector at the other end of the RS–232 cable on to this socket, and secure it firmly using the securing screws. If the mains voltage selector has been set, the instruments can be turned at the mains now. 2.3 Adjusting the “Mains Voltage” Selector The 1312 is able to operate in two different AC voltage ranges: G 100 V – 127 V, and G 200 –240 V. Before the 1312 is operated, the mains voltage selector (labelled “Mains Voltage”) on the back panel of the 1312 (see Fig 2.1) must be adjusted to match the voltage of the AC mains power supply being used.

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 2−Preliminary Tasks Checking/changing the Fuses in the 1312 To set the voltage selector: Insert a small screwdriver into the groove – on the “Mains Voltage” selector and turn it so that the white arrowhead — points towards ei- ther: G 110 if the voltage of the AC mains voltage supply to be used lies between 100 and 127 V; or G 220 if the voltage of the AC mains voltage supply to be used lies between 200 and 240 V. 2.4 Checking/changing the Fuses in the 1312 The voltage-rating of the mains power supply determines the rating of the fuses that need to be installed in the 1312 before it is used. This is done as follows: 1.Insert a small screwdriver under the top edge of the plate covering the “AC Mains” socket and use it to lever the plate down- wards (see Fig 2.2). 2.Take out the fuse-holders (they each have a small white arrow on them) and fuses. Check that the installed fuses have the correct rat- ing. The fuses used must be: If the installed fuses do not have the correct rating, remove them from the fuse- holders and install fuses which have the correct rating. 3. Turn the fuse-holders so that the arrows on them are pointing in the same direction as the arrows on the inside surface of the plate covering the fuses in the “AC Mains” socket, and slide the fuse-holders (with fuses) into position in the 1312 (see Fig 2.3). Supply Voltage Fuse Ratings 100 - 127 V Slow-blow (T) fuses with a rating of 1.25 A 200 - 240 V Slow-blow (T) fuses with a rating of 0.63 A Fig.2.1 The “Mains Voltage” selector — – Fig.2.2 The “AC Mains” socket

Setting the Communication Parameters BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 2−5 Instruction Manual 4. Flip the top plate back and “click” it into position by pressing it gently against the back panel of the 1312. 2.5 Setting the Communication Parameters The 1312PC software and the monitor communicate using the RS – 232 interface. In order for the communication to be successful, it is essential that the communication parameters in the two instruments are set correctly. This is a two stage process: the PC communication port is selected via the 1312PC software while the baud rate, parity, data bits and stop bits are defined via the monitor. The communication parameters necessary for the monitor to communicate with the 1312PC software are shown below: These values are set as the default values in the monitor. To prevent communication errors, the text line terminator, print data log and print error log must be set as shown below. Baud rate 9600 Stop bits 1 Data bits 7 Parity Even Hardwire mode Leased line Handshake Type Hardwire Fig.2.3 Taking out and putting back the fuse-holders

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 2−Preliminary Tasks Setting the Communication Parameters 2.5.1 Selecting the PC Communication Port It is just a simple case of selecting the correct port on the PC. The software offers four to choose from: COM1, COM2, COM3 and COM4. If you are not sure which port the cable is connected to on your computer, refer to you PC manual. Start any one of the 1312PC software options: Online, Offline, or Calibrate. 1. Pull down the Task menu. Click on Communication. The Communication dia- logue is displayed. 2. Click on the radio push-button next to the correct port name. 3. Click on OK to store the selection and exit this dialogue. 2.5.2 Checking/Changing the Communication Parameters The communication parameters for the serial interface must be set using the push- buttons on the front of the monitor. With the PC and the monitor already connect- ed, as described in section 2.2: 1. Press . The screen display now shows the follow- ing text. 2. If the baud rate displayed is incorrect, press and use and to display the correct value. Press again to store your selection. If the baud rate displayed is correct, then press to continue on to the next parameter. 3. Press to select 1 STOP BIT. 4. Press to select 7 DATA BITS. 5. Press to select an EVEN PARITY. 6. Press to select LEASED-LINE. 7. Press to select HARD-WIRED HANDSHAKE. Text line Terminator CR–LF Print Data Log NO Print Error Log NO SET-UP S3 S1 S3 S1 SELECT BAUD RATE 9600 PRESS ENTER TO CHANGE VALUE S1 S1 S2 S3 S3

Setting the Communication Parameters BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 2−7 Instruction Manual 8. Press to exit the set-up mode. 9. Press and in order that the new settings are enabled. The monitor and 1312PC software are now able to communicate together. 2.5.3 Checking/Changing the Text line Terminator With the PC and the monitor already connected, as described in section 2.2: Press . 2.5.4 Checking/Changing the Data Log and Error Log Options With the PC and the monitor already connected, as described in section 2.2: Press . SET-UP RESET S1 SET-UP S2 S3 SET-UP S3 S1 S1 S3 S1 S1

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 2−Preliminary Tasks Setting the Communication Parameters

3−1 Instruction Manual Chapter 3 Philosophy of Operation

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 3−Philosophy of Operation Online 3.1 Online A monitoring system, where you use the PC environment to set-up the monitor prior to measuring, display measurement data on the PC screen while monitoring and store the measurement results directly on the PC’s hard disk. These results can be used by other programs that use Open Database Connectivity (ODBC). The in- structions for this mode of operation are covered in this manual under the PC Use headings. Using the online mode provides you with a variety of Alarm options. Not only are the alarm trigger levels definable, but the action resulting from an alarm being triggered can also be defined here. This enables you to connect external warning systems to the monitoring system. The philosophy behind the 1312PC software is common to almost all Windows95 programs. Access to the various levels of the program is gained by use of the MENU BAR, PULL-DOWN MENUS, NEW WINDOW options and INDEX-CARD separators. These familiar procedures, together with the simple software structure, make the instructions in the Online sections of this manual understandable and easy to implement. If you are unsure of any of the commands used in the Online instructions, please refer to section 1.2 of this manual or your Windows95 manual. 3.2 Offline This method of operation enables you to set-up the monitor using the PC, down load the setup to the monitor, and then disconnect the PC. The monitor is ready for use as a stand-alone instrument. While monitoring, the monitor stores all the measurement results in its internal memory. On completion of the monitoring task, the PC and the monitor can then be connected again and the results uploaded to the PC. These results can then be displayed on the PC screen, analysed and, if necessary, are available to other software programs. When Offline operation is required, the Online instructions in this manual should be followed. If there is a deviation from these instructions, this will be indicated in the relevant sections.

4−1 Instruction Manual Chapter 4 Introduction to and Familiarization with the 1312

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 4−Introduction to and Familiarization with the 1312 Special Terminology The 1312 is an extremely versatile measuring instrument, which can be used to perform almost any kind of monitoring task. Its versatility may appear overwhelm- ing at first, but to avoid such a reaction, we suggest that you read this chapter thoroughly, and follow the practical exercises which are included. These exercises give you a “guided tour” through a number of different practical procedures — setting-up various parameters: environmental and measurement units; setting up a monitoring task; performance of a monitoring task; scrolling through data collected during a monitoring task, and finally, scrolling through data after completion of a monitoring task. By following these different procedures the 1312’s operating phi- losophy will become apparent and you will be able to quickly familiarize yourself with its operation and control. 4.1 Special Terminology Certain terms are used to describe the operation of the 1312 and it is necessary to fully understand what these terms mean before you start any practical exercise with the 1312. 4.1.1 Measurement Cycle A description of a measurement cycle is given on page 2 of Product Data Sheet (see boxed-in text and schematic diagram of the measurement system of the 1312). “Measurement cycle” is the term used to describe everything that takes place in the 1312 from the time the pump starts to flush out the “old” gas sample in its analysis cell, until the signal in the measurement chamber has been measured using the last relevant optical filter. The time taken to complete a measurement cycle is dependent upon the following factors: G How many gases/vapours are being measured — this affects the number of optical filters which need to be used. G The sample integration time selected — longer measurement times provide greater accuracy. G The Flushing times selected for the measurement chamber and the tube as well as the length of the sampling tube attached to the 1312’s air-inlet — the longer the tube, the more time is needed to flush it out between measurement cycles. G The cleanliness of the two air-filters which filter the air drawn into the cell (this affects the pumping time required to draw a fresh air sample into the analysis cell). G The degree of fluctuation in the concentration of the various gases measured in consecutive measurement cycles (this affects the time required to adjust the gain of the amplifier attached to the microphones).

Special Terminology BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 4−3 Instruction Manual Table 4.1 gives some indication to the measurement times depending on the number of gases measured and the measurement times selected. However, these times may vary from one measurement cycle to another due to the cleanliness of the filters and the degree of fluctuation in the concentration of the various gases. 4.1.2 Monitoring Task A monitoring task consists of a series of similar measurement cycles. These cycles can either be repeated at regular intervals or be continuous: Sampling Interval The sampling interval is a measure of the time between the start of one measure- ment cycle and the start of the following measurement cycle. When the 1312 is not sampling continuously the sampling interval has to be de- fined by the user and is a fixed period of time (see Fig.4.1). Table 4.1 Approximate measurement times Monitor Setup Volume of Air Response Times S.I.T.: “Normal” (5s) Flushing: Auto, (tube 1m) 140 cm3/sample One gas: ~25 s 5 gases + water: ~75 s S.I.T.: “Fast” (1s) Flushing: Chamber 4s, Tube “OFF” 20 cm3/sample One gas: ~15 s 5 gases + water: ~45 s Fig.4.1 An illustration of the fixed sampling intervals of the 1312 when it is not sampling continuously Start 1 Start 5 Start 4 Start 3 Start 2 Ts Ts Ts Ts Finish 4 Finish 3 Finish 2 Finish 1 1 2 3 4 Sampling Interval = a constant = Ts Measurement Cycles

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 4−Introduction to and Familiarization with the 1312 Attaching the Sampling Tube and External Filter Continuous Sampling The 1312 is said to be sampling continuously when each measurement cycle is followed immediately by another similar measurement cycle (see Fig.4.2). Monitoring Period The monitoring period is the time between the start of the first measurement cycle in a monitoring task and the finish of the final measurement cycle in a monitoring task. The monitoring period can either be pre-set by the user — in which case the 1312 automatically stops monitoring after the monitoring period is over — or, not pre-set — in which case the 1312 will continue to monitor until the user stops the monitor- ing task manually (see section 4.3.6). 4.2 Attaching the Sampling Tube and External Filter 1. Cut a short section of sampling tube from the roll of polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) tubing which is provided as an accessory, a 1m tube should be sufficient. 2. Using Fig.4.3 and the instructions below, attach one end of this tube to the air- inlet stub on the back-panel of the 1312. a. Push one end of the Teflon tubing through the non-threaded end of the nut –. b. Hold the end of the tubing between the fingers and gently push the tubing over the end of the 1312’s air-inlet stub — as far as it will go. Note: if the tubing is bent/broken during this procedure, remove the tubing from the stub and repeat this step using an undamaged length of tubing. c. Screw the threaded-nut – firmly onto the end of the air-inlet stub. Fig.4.2 An illustration of continuous sampling Start 1 Start n Start 4 Start 3 Start 2 T2 T1 T3 T4 Finish 4 Finish 3 Finish 2 Finish 1 1 2 3 4 Measurement Cycles Sampling Intervals n

Familiarization with the 1312 using 1312PC Software BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 4−5 Instruction Manual 3. Attach the other end of the sampling tube to the external air-filter which is also provided as an accessory. 4.3 Familiarization with the 1312 using 1312PC Software Warning! Before you start to use the 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor it is very important that: G the “Mains Voltage Selector” on the back panel of the 1312 is adjusted correctly, and G the fuses have been checked and, if necessary changed to suit the mains voltage. Details of these operations are described in Chapter 2 of this manual. 4.3.1 Setting the Internal Clock The internal clock is set automatically when the monitor is connected to a PC and the 1312PC software is started. The internal clock in the monitor is synchronized with the time and date from the PC clock. If either of these entries are incorrect, then they must be corrected via the PC using standard Windows procedures. Fig.4.3 Attaching tubing to the air-inlet stub and the external filter – —

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 4−Introduction to and Familiarization with the 1312 Familiarization with the 1312 using 1312PC Software 4.3.2 Setting Units All data in the 1312 is stored as raw data. The different units, which you can select here, enable you to enter gas concentrations, temperatures, lengths and pressures in units that you are comfortable with. These units are also used to present meas- urement data in a form that is most convenient for you. The 1312 can display gas concentrations either in absolute units of mg/m3 — unit that is dependent on a particular temperature, termed the normalization temper- ature, or in units of parts per million (by volume) — which is independent of the temperature of the gas. You can inform the 1312 about the units you intend to use — for example: the length of the sampling tube attached to the 1312’s inlet (in metres or feet); the normalization temperature (°C or °F or K); the units of atmos- pheric pressure (kPa or mBar or mmHg) and unit for humidity (ppm or Tdew or kPa or mg/m3). With the monitor and the PC connected properly, as described in section 2.2 and section 2.5, and the 1312PC software already running: 1. Click on Online to start this option. 2. Pull down the Task menu. Click on Units, and the Units dialogue is displayed, see Fig.4.4 3. Click on the desired units for: humidity, pressure, temperature, gas concentra- tion and length of tubing. Fig.4.4 The Units dialogue

Familiarization with the 1312 using 1312PC Software BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 4−7 Instruction Manual 4. Click in the Normalization Temp. field, and select one of the three temperatures: 0, 20, or 25°C (Note these temperature values change depending on the temper- ature units selected, i.e. °C, °F and K). 5. Click OK. 4.3.3 Setting-up a Monitoring Task The optical filters in the 1312 have to be calibrated before they can be used to measure gas concentrations. The user can only set-up a monitoring task using those optical filters which have been installed. In this example, we have chosen to meas- ure gas A (that is, to measure gas A’s concentration using the optical filter in- stalled in position “A” of the filter carousel) and water vapour. If your 1312 has only been calibrated to measure with another filter (for example, the filter in position “B”) then choose gas B to replace gas A in the following instructions. The parame- ters which describe the monitoring task we shall set-up are listed below: Unit Normalization Temp. Values °C 0°C, 20°C and 25°C °F 32°F, 68°F and 77°F K 273K, 293K and 298K Online Settings Sampling index card Monitoring Task name = Area 1 Sampling Mode = Continuous Flushing = Auto, Tube Length = 1m Gas Monitor Display = Instantaneous (i.e. no tick in check box) Current Air Pressure = 1000 mbar Gas index card Gas Setup: Active = A: Ethanol & water Sample Integration Time = Normal (5s) Alarm index card None active (i.e. none displayed in the Alarms field)

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 4−Introduction to and Familiarization with the 1312 Familiarization with the 1312 using 1312PC Software With the monitor and the PC connected properly, as described in section 2.2 and section 2.5, and the 1312PC software already running: 1. Click on Online to start this option. 2. Pull down the Task menu. Click on New, and the New Measurement Task dialogue is displayed, see Fig.4.5. 3. Type in the desired name for the monitoring task, i.e. Area 1. 4. Press OK. The name you have just typed in appears at the top of the window. An extended menu bar and a graphic window appear. 5. Pull down the Sequence menu. Click on Settings and the Sequence Settings dialogue appears, see Fig.4.6. Interval index card 6. Select the settings defined at the start of this section, by clicking on the radio push-buttons. Gas index card 7. Select the “Gas” index card and select Filter A and the Water Filter by clicking in the check boxes. 8. Click in the Sample Integration Time field, and select Fast. Fig.4.5 The New Measurement Task dialogue

Familiarization with the 1312 using 1312PC Software BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 4−9 Instruction Manual Alarm index card 9. Select the “Alarm” index card. Ensure that no alarms are selected in the Alarm box. If any alarms are selected, click on the name and then click on Remove. 10. When all the settings are correct, click on OK. The monitoring task is now set-up. This information is not transferred to the moni- tor until you start monitoring. 4.3.4 Starting a Monitoring Task Note: before a monitoring task can be started, the Monitoring Task Settings must be defined, see section 4.3.3. This section will explain how to perform a monitoring task — for example, monitor- ing task number 1 which was set-up in section 4.3.3. If you have just set up the monitoring task using the Online option, and the moni- toring task is still open, proceed from step 1. If the monitoring task is not open, you must open one before continuing. 1. Pull down the Sequence menu. Click on Start and the Start Measurement Sequence dialogue is displayed, see Fig.4.7. Fig.4.6 The Sequence Settings dialogue

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 4−Introduction to and Familiarization with the 1312 Familiarization with the 1312 using 1312PC Software 2. Click in the Enter sequence description field and type in the desired name. This name enables you to have many measurement sequences stored under the same monitoring task name. 3. In order for the measurement to start immediately, select Now in the Start Time field and None in the Stop Time field by clicking on the radio push-buttons. 4. Click on OK to start a monitoring task. 4.3.5 Displaying Measurement Results while a Monitoring Task is in Progress Measurement data is displayed on screen as soon as it is available from the moni- tor. The data can be displayed in both a graphic window and a numeric window, simultaneously. The graphic window: can display all the measured gas concentrations as graphs, simultaneously. The concentration curves can be allocated to either of the two axes. The scale and concentration units of these axes can be set individually to suit the concentration of the gas(es) displayed on them. The number of concentration curves displayed, their colour and their style are defined by you. Measurement data can be displayed as instantaneous concentration curves or as average concentration curves, where you define the averaging interval. The numeric window: can display all the measured gases, simultaneously. The measurement data is displayed in columns, one for each gas, and the number of Fig.4.7 The Start Measurement Sequence dialogue

Familiarization with the 1312 using 1312PC Software BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 4−11 Instruction Manual gases displayed is defined by you. Measurement data can be displayed as instanta- neous sample concentration values or as average concentration values, where you define the averaging interval. With the Online option selected and a monitoring task started: 1. To open an extra window, pull down the Window menu and click on New Graphic Window or New Numeric Window. The measured gases are auto- matically displayed in this window. 2. Click in the window you want to set up, and pull down the Edit menu. Click on Window Properties, see Fig.4.8. Interval index card 3. Click on the Time radio push-button and define the interval length to 1 min. 4. Ensure that the Average check box is not ticked in the Sample Type group. This enables single sample values to be displayed. If you have opened a numeric window, go to step 5. If you have opened a graphic window go to step 11. Column index card 5. Click on the “Column” index card Fig.4.8 The Window Properties dialogue for a graphic window

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 4−Introduction to and Familiarization with the 1312 Familiarization with the 1312 using 1312PC Software 6. In the Single Gas Setup group, click in the Select Gas field and select the gas name for Filter A. 7. Click in the Select unit field and select the desired units. 8. When all your selections are correct, click on Add. The selected gas is now displayed in the All Columns field. This means it will be displayed in the nu- meric window. 9. Repeat steps 6. to 8. selecting the Water filter. 10. Press OK to save selections and exit the dialogue box. The measurement sequence is started and the results are displayed on screen as soon as they are available. Left Y-axis index card 11. Click on the “Left Y-axis” index card 12. In the Scaling group, click on the radio push-button next to Autoscale maximum and minimum. 13. In the Single Curve Setup, click in the Select Gas field and select the gas name for Filter A. 14. Select the desired colour, style and units. 15. When all your selections are correct, click on Add. The selected gas is now displayed in the All curves field. This means it will be displayed on the graph, with its concentration scale on the left axis. Right Y-axis index card 16. Click on the “Right Y-axis” index card 17. In the Scaling group, click on the radio push-button next to Autoscale maximum and minimum. 18. In the Single Curve Setup, click in the Select Gas field and select the Water Filter. 19. Select the desired colour, style and units. 20. When all your selections are correct, click on Add. The selected gas is now displayed in the All curves field. This means it will be displayed on the graph, with its concentration scale displayed on the right axis. 21. Press OK to save the selections and exit the dialogue box. The measured data will now be displayed on screen. 4.3.6 Stopping a Monitoring Task Pull down the Sequence window and click on Stop.

Familiarization with the 1312 using 1312PC Software BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 4−13 Instruction Manual 4.3.7 Scrolling through Measurement Results on Completion of a Monitoring Task Open the Presentation option of the 1312PC software: 1. Pull down the Task menu. Click on Open and the Open Measurement Task dialogue is displayed. 2. In the Select Task box, select the desired name. 3. Click on OK and a graphic window and the Window Properties dialogue are displayed. 4. If you want a numeric window, pull down the Window menu and click on New Numeric Window. A numeric window and the Window Properties dialogue are displayed. Interval index card 5. Click in the Measurement Sequence field and select the desired sequence name. 6. Click on the Time radio push-button. The time period for the measurement sequence is displayed in the From: and To: fields. 7. Ensure that the Average check box in the Sample Type group is not ticked. If you have opened a numeric window, go to step 8. If you have opened a graphic window go step 14. Column index card 8. Click on the “Column” index card 9. In the Single Column Setup group, click in the Select Gas field and select the gas name for Filter A. 10. Click in the Select unit field and select the desired units. 11. When all your selections are correct, click on Add. The selected gas is now displayed in the All Columns field. This means it will be displayed in the nu- meric window. 12. Repeat steps 5 to 7, selecting the Water filter. 13. Press OK to save selections and exit the dialogue box. To display the Event markers, go to step 24. Left Y-axis index card 14. Click on the “Left Y-axis” index card 15. In the Scaling group, click on the Autoscale maximum and minimum radio push-button.

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 4−Introduction to and Familiarization with the 1312 Familiarization with the 1312 using 1312PC Software 16. In the Single Curve Setup, click in the Select Gas field and select the gas name for Filter A. 17. Select the desired colour, style and units. 18. When all your selections are correct, click on Add. The selected gas is now displayed in the All curves field. This means it will be displayed on the graph, with its concentration scale on the left axis. Right Y-axis index card 19. Click on the “Right Y-axis” index card 20. In the Scaling group, click on the Autoscale maximum and minimum radio push-button. 21. In the Single Curve Setup, click in the Select Gas field and select the Water Filter. 22. Select the desired colour, style and units. 23. When all your selections are correct, click on Add. The selected gas is now displayed in the All curves field. This means it will be displayed on the graph, with its concentration scale displayed on the right axis. Events index card 24. Click on the “Events” index card. 25. Click in all event check boxes to enable all the event markers, if there are any, to be displayed. The event markers appear as vertical lines with a letter at the end of them. See section 8.5 for full details. 26. Press OK to save the selections and exit the dialogue box. The measured data will now be displayed on screen. 4.3.8 Changing Units after a Monitoring Task The 1312 has all the measurement data as SI units. So, to change any of the displayed parameters’ units, it is simply a case of repeating the instructions in section 4.3.2. For example, change the selected concentration units to ppm and see how they are displayed on screen.

5−1 Instruction Manual Chapter 5 The 1312 Monitor

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 5−The 1312 Monitor Front Panel 5.1 Front Panel The front panel of the monitor is dominated by a 2 × 40 character fluorescent display screen, 3 Select push-buttons located beneath it and 5 direction push-but- tons (see Fig.5.1). The rest of the push-buttons, situated in a line along the bottom, are function push-buttons. Small light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are mounted above some of the front-panel push-buttons. Their function is to inform you of the operating state of the monitor. For example, if the LED above the push-button is lit, it indicates that the 1312 is either busy performing measurements or has been set-up to start meas- urements at a pre-defined time. 5.1.1 Direction Push-buttons This group of 5 push-buttons is referred to in this manual as the direction push- buttons. & have two uses: to increase & decrease numbers, respectively, or to go to the Previous & Next Displays, respectively. The number increase and decrease functions are used whenever values, which can be changed manually, are displayed on screen, for example, changing a pa- rameter such as the length of sampling tube. The “Previous Display” and “Next Display” functions are used when you want to view the previous or next screen texts. This can be useful when setting up the monitor. By using these push-buttons, you can scroll quickly through a branch of Fig.5.1 The front panel of the 1312 MEASURE

Front Panel BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 5−3 Instruction Manual the set-up “tree”. & enable you to move across number fields or go to the Previous & Next gases, respectively. When you are entering values or names in the monitor, for example when set- ting up the monitor, you can use these push-buttons to move the cursor across the entry fields. “Previous Gas” & “Next Gas” functions are used primarily when viewing meas- urement data. Depending on the situation, this push-button acts as an “Enter” function The “Enter” function is used whenever measurement units are selected or any text, for example, filter names or gas names are being entered. The 1312 display will typically display a text similar to . 5.1.2 The Select Push-buttons Located below the text display screen, these three push-buttons, allow you to select from the pre-defined options appearing on the display screen. The following exam- ple illustrates the use of the select push-buttons: If the text on the screen appeared as follows: a. By pressing the gas concentrations which appear in the measurement results will be quoted in mg/m3. b. By pressing the gas concentrations which appear in the measurement results will be quoted in ppm. 5.1.3 Function Push-buttons The order of these push-buttons is the same as they are seen on the front of the monitor when looking left to right. PRESS ENTER TO CHANGE VALUE SELECT CONCENTRATION UNIT ppm mg/m3 S1 S2 S3 S1 S3

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 5−The 1312 Monitor Front Panel By pressing this push-button you can choose the type of reset the 1312 should perform. For further details see section 5.2. In this mode you are able to choose the type of measurement the 1312 should perform, and decide when the measurement should start. This push-button allows you to average measurement data. The lamp in this push-button is lit when measurement data is being averaged. You define the averaging times using the set-up mode. If an unusual or interesting event occurs during a measurement period, you can mark the time such an event took place by pressing this push-button. Each event marker is given a serial number which can be used as a reference. Events are marked on print-outs of measurement data. This push-button has two functions. It allows you to perform the following two functions: G Acknowledge any message which may appear on the display screen during oper- ation of the 1312. G Obtain more detailed information about the condition of the 1312 at any partic- ular moment of time, if such information exists. In this mode you are able to store measurement data in the Background memory of the monitor, as well as recall or delete data from the Background memo- ry. By pressing this push-button measurement results in the Display memory of the 1302 can be printed out. The lamp above this push-button is lit while meas- urements are being printed and the display will show until all data has been printed out. In this mode you are able to enter the set-up “tree” of the 1312. In set-up mode the user is able to program the 1312 to perform almost any kind of measure- ment and, amongst other things; enter data about the optical filter(s) which are installed in the 1312; select different measurement parameters; choose how meas- urement results should be formatted in print-outs; choose the interface and commu- nication codes which are necessary to print data; set the internal clock of the 1312 and choose the self-tests the 1312 should perform. When the Talk/Listen LED is lit, this means that there is activity on one of the interfaces. RESET MEASURE AVERAGE EVENT INFO MEMORY PRINT PRINTING MEASUREMENT DATA SET-UP

Starting-up or Restarting the Monitor BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 5−5 Instruction Manual 5.2 Starting-up or Restarting the Monitor 5.2.1 Introduction When the monitor is started up in the normal way, that is, by switching on the AC Mains power-switch on the back panel, the monitor responds by performing a par- tial reset. A partial reset is also performed if during operation the monitor is switched off and is re-started in any of the following ways: G If the 1312 stops operating due to an AC mains power failure and then re-starts itself (automatically) when power is restored to it; G If the user stops operating the 1312 by switching it off using the AC mains power switch on the back panel, and then re-starts it by using the same switch; Users can also “partially reset” the 1312 by using the push-button on the front panel (see section 5.1.3). 5.2.2 A Partial Reset of the Monitor When the 1312 performs a partial reset a number of self-tests are automatically performed. The types of tests performed depend only upon the time which has elapsed since the 1312 was last switched on. G If more than 10 mins. have elapsed since the 1312 was switched on it will perform the software, data-integrity, and hardware tests when switched on again. G If less than 10 mins. have elapsed since the 1312 was switched on it will per- form only the data-integrity tests when switched on again. There are essentially 3 types of self-tests which can be performed during a “partial reset” — a software test, a data-integrity test and a hardware test. It takes the 1312 only a few seconds to perform the data-integrity tests; and about 3 minutes to perform both the software and hardware test. The different tests are explained below. Software test This test checks the information in the 1312’s software (ROM — Read Only Memory. Data-integrity test This test checks the integrity of the data stored in the 1312’s Source Memory (i.e. its EEPROM — Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) and the integrity of the data stored in the 1312’s Working Memory (RAM). Hardware test This test checks that the electrical, mechanical and electronic parts of the 1312 are functioning properly. RESET

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 5−The 1312 Monitor Starting-up or Restarting the Monitor The following parts of the 1312 are checked: the pump; the valves in the pneu- matic system; the infra-red light source; the power supply; the filter carousel; the motor which drives the chopper wheel; the external vibration level (to make sure that it does not contribute to the signal measured in the analysis cell); the analogue circuitry and the microphones (to check that they are functioning prop- erly). If you do not wish the 1312 to perform the hardware test during a partial reset, you can disable it (see section 5.3.2). This also disables the regular self- tests. If any part of the 1312 is found to be functioning incorrectly a message will appear in the display to inform the user of the problem. For example: The user must acknowledge receipt of such a message by pressing . Operat- ing errors and warning messages are listed in table-form in Appendix 2 at the end of this manual. If a fault is found in any of the blocks of data stored in the Working Memory, the 1312 will automatically set the parameters in the relevant compartment(s) to their default values, and the 1312 will send the following message on its display screen: Where XXXXX denotes the part of the memory that has been affected. When such a message is received users must check the contents of the relevant memory to find out which data has been affected before continuing to operate the 1312. 5.2.3 Response of the 1312 after a Partial Reset The way in which the 1312 responds after a partial reset is dependent upon the way it was being operated at the time of the partial reset (see Table 5.1). For example, if the 1312 was busy taking a measurement when it was “partially reset” it will complete the interrupted measurement after the partial reset, continue its monitoring task and make a special “mark” alongside the first complete measure- OPERATING ERROR: PUMP TEST FAILED S1 S2 S3 INFO WARNING: MEMORY SET TO DEFAULT ERROR DETECTED IN XXXXX MEMORY

Starting-up or Restarting the Monitor BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 5−7 Instruction Manual ment cycle it performs after the reset. These “marks” are described in section 9.2.2 and section 9.2.3. 5.2.4 Full Reset and/or Partial Reset of the 1312 via its Front Panel There are two well-defined levels of reset. By pressing the following text appears on the display screen: If is pressed, you can come out of reset mode without performing any kind of reset. The 1312 just goes back to operating the same way it was operating before the push-button was pressed. Reset: If this level of reset is chosen the 1312 stops operating, performs a partial reset as described in the previous section (section 5.2.2) and then resumes operating in the fashion described in Table 5.1. Table 5.1 Dependence of 1312’s response, after a partial reset, to its operating condition at the time of the partial reset 1312 last used while in.... Task being performed Task started after a PARTIAL RESET Measurement mode A gas measurement Completes the monitoring task “Display” Looking at measurement results on the display screen Measurement results are shown on the display from the beginning again Set-up mode Changing set-up parameters which control the operation of the 1312 Measurement results are shown in the display from the beginning Memory mode Handling measurement results which are stored in Display Memory and Background Memory Completes any interrupted task and then measurement results are shown in the display from the beginning “Interface” Obtaining hard-copies (that is, print- outs of, for example, measurement data) Print-out is stopped and measurement results are shown in the display from the beginning RESET SELECT RESET TYPE NONE FULL PARTIAL S1 S2 S3 S3 RESET S1 PARTIAL

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 5−The 1312 Monitor Configuring the Monitor Reset: If this level of reset is chosen the 1312 responds by changing the text on the display so that you have a chance to confirm that you wish the 1312 to perform a reset: By pressing this push-button the user can come out of reset mode without performing any kind of reset. The 1312 just goes back to operating the same way it was operating before was pressed. By pressing this push-button the user confirms that a reset is re- quired. During a reset the 1312 performs the following two tasks: G “Clearing” (emptying) all data from its Working Memory. This means all data in Display Memory and Background Memory will be lost. G Copying data from its Source Memory into its Working Memory. This means that set-up parameters in block 3 of Working Memory “Other Set-up Parameters” will be given their default values, and the values of the optical filter set-up parameters in Working Memory will be the same as those found in Source Memory. 5.3 Configuring the Monitor 5.3.1 Adjusting the Sound Level During certain operations or, for example, when an incorrect push-button is pressed, the monitor emits a “beep”. You choose the volume of the 1312’s “beep”. The volume of the “beep” is expressed on a scale from 0 (no “beep”) to 3 (loudest “beep”). Table 5.2. provides details of the available choices and the default value of this parameter. Table 5.2 The available choices and the default value of the 1312’s “beep” Display Text Available Choices Default Value ENTER SOUND VOLUME 0 0, 1, 2, 3 1 S2 FULL FULL PERFORM FULL RESET YES NO S1 S2 S3 S1 RESET S3 FULL FULL

Configuring the Monitor BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 5−9 Instruction Manual To set the volume: 1. Press . 2. Press . The following screen picture appears: 3. To change the volume, press . 4. Use the direction push-buttons to enter the correct volume. If you make a mis- take, press to revert back to the original volume. 5. Press to accept volume. 6. Press to exit the set-up function. 5.3.2 Enabling/Disabling Self Tests If you do not wish the 1312 to perform regular self tests, including the hardware test on power-up (see section 5.1.3 for a full explanation), you can disable it. 1. Press 2. Press , the 1312 no longer performs the hardware test as part of its self- testing procedure during any kind of reset. SET-UP S3 S1 S1 S2 SOUND VOLUME 1 PRESS ENTER TO CHANGE VALUE S1 S2 S3 S1 SET-UP SET-UP S3 S1 S1 S3 REGULAR SELF TESTS ? YES NO S1 S2 S3 S1

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 5−The 1312 Monitor Alarm Relay 3. Press to exit the set-up function. 5.4 Alarm Relay Two alarm relays are built into the alarm relay socket on the back panel of the monitor. The function of the pins in this female connector are shown in Fig.5.2. The two alarm relays can be connected to a variety of either audio (for example, a siren) and/or visual (for example a flashing light) alarm systems and they are activated whenever a pre-defined concentration (alarm level) of one (or more) of the gases being measured is exceeded. Alarm signals are given by opening and closing the relay contacts. Both relays are closed when the 1312 is switched off and when the 1312 is switched on. This means that there is a direct electrical connection between pins 1 & 2 and pins 4 & 5 at all times except when the 1312 measures a gas concen- tration which is greater than the alarm limit for the gas. When this concentration is measured, the 1312 breaks the connection between pins 1 & 2 and 4 & 5. This activates the attached alarm system. The two alarm relays work in slightly different ways: Alarm Relay 1: Whenever one or more gases exceed their alarm level(s), the 1312 breaks the electrical connection between pins 1 & 2 and this activates the attached alarm system. The user can switch off this alarm either (1) by pressing on the front of the 1312 (this produces a direct electrical connection between pins 1 & 2); or (2) by stopping the monitoring task. Note: once this alarm is activated it does not automatically switch itself off when all gas concentrations fall below their alarm levels. Alarm Relay 2: Whenever the alarm level of one or more gases is exceeded, the 1312 breaks the electrical connection between pin 4 and pin 5 and this activates the attached alarm system. This alarm relay differs from alarm relay 1 because it will auto- matically switch itself off when all gas concentrations fall below their alarm levels. The alarm will continue until either (1) all measured gas concentrations fall below their user-defined alarm level(s); or (2) the monitoring task is stopped — this automatically closes the alarm relay. INNOVA supplies a 6-pin DIN plug (male) with a locking collar JP 0600 for connect- ing external alarm devices to the alarm relay. Caution: The DC voltage across the relay contacts must not exceed 25 V. The potential on the relay contacts must not be more than 25V DC above chassis potential, as this will SET-UP INFO

Alarm Relay BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 5−11 Instruction Manual cause an excessive leakage current. The current through the contacts must not exceed 100 mA. AC voltages must not be connected to the Alarm Relay socket. Fig.5.2 Configuration of the pins in the alarm relay socket 5 6 3 2 1 4 Alarm Relay 1 Alarm Relay 2

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 5−The 1312 Monitor Alarm Relay

6−1 Instruction Manual Chapter 6 Keying-in Parameters

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 6−Keying-in Parameters Types of Parameters 6.1 Types of Parameters There are four types of parameters: G Numerical: you are free to enter the desired values. However, there may in many instances be a range in which your values must lie. These ranges can be found in the relevant sections of his manual. G Text: you are able to type user-defined text, for example, the names of the gases you are measuring and when using the 1312PC the names of your databases. The characters available to you when using the monitor on its own are shown in the table below: G Pre-defined: you are able to select a parameter using the “select” push-buttons when there are three or less options, or by scrolling through a pre-defined list using the direction push-keys. The parameters in the lists are given in more detail in the relevant sections of this manual. G Current Time: in the monitor is synchronized to match the time and date of the internal clock in the PC when the two are connected together. 6.2 Choosing Parameters Parameters can be set in three ways: Using the numbers illustrated in Fig.6.1. – Parameters in a Select Field. By clicking in the field, a list of pre-defined options appear. By scrolling through this list, the desired parameter can be selected. — Parameters selected using radio push-buttons. These are often parameters that are similar to each other. But only one of these parameters can be selected at any one time. ˜ Check Boxes. These are commonly used for functions where more than one can be selected, simultaneously. When the tick is displayed, the function is selected. Table 6.1 The characters which are available for gas names Characters available for Gas Names → A a B b C c D d E e F f G g H h I i J K k L l M m N n O o P p Q q R r S s T t U V v X x Y y Z z_ ’ ” . , : ; & ! ? @ ^# $ \ % * / + – = ( ) { } [ ] 〈〉Ø 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A a B b C etc. ←

Choosing Parameters BE 6002−11 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor Type 1312 6−3 Instruction Manual ™ Definable values. Some parameters require a value defined. This value must lie within the permitted range. If you enter a value outside the range, a warning appears on screen telling you to enter a value which is within the range. Fig.6.1 Illustration of the different parameters – — ˜ ™

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 6−Keying-in Parameters Choosing Parameters

7−1 Instruction Manual Chapter 7 Setting-up and Starting a Monitoring Task

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 7−Setting-up and Starting a Monitoring Task The Parameters’ Units Before a measurement task can commence, there are a variety of parameters that must be defined first. This is called “Setting up the 1312”. This chapter instructs you on how to set up the 1312 monitoring system before starting to measure. Before leaving the factory, each of the parameters found in the set-up “tree” (see the Quick Setup Guide) are given factory values (default values). Warning! Failure to define any parameter may result in the default parameters being used. This can result in the monitor measuring incorrectly or being unable to start the measurement task. 7.1 The Parameters’ Units The 1312 works internally with measurement parameters in SI units. These units can be converted and displayed as a variety of other measurement units. Defining the units here has two uses. It enables you to set-up the measurement parameters using familiar units and display the measurement results with the desired concentration units. These parameters are listed below. The units for existing measurement results can also be changed using these in- structions. Normalization Temperature If you have chosen to measure gas concentrations in the unit mg/m3, you must “enter” the temperature at which the 1312 should calculate gas concentrations. If, for example, you “enter” a normalization temperature of 25°C, the measured gas concentrations which appear on the display during a monitoring task will be calcu- lated in mg/m3 units at 25°C. The acceptable values and the default values of the Table 7.1 The possible parameter units and the default settings Parameters Units Default Unit Humidity mg/m3, ppm, Tdew, kPa mg/m3 Pressure mbar, mmHg, kPa kPa Temperature °C, °F, K °C Gas Concentrations mg/m3, ppm mg/m3 Length m, ft m

The Parameters’ Units BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 7−3 Instruction Manual normalization temperature are given in Table 7.2 in the different temperature units. 7.1.1 Online Unit Set-up With the Online program running, follow the instructions below. 1. Pull down the Task menu. Click on Units and the unit dialogue appears, see Fig.7.1. 2. Click on the radio push-buttons to select the desired units. 3. If you have selected the mg/m3 unit for the gas concentration, click in the Nor- malization Temperature field. Note these temperature values change depending on the temperature units se- lected, i.e. °C, °F and K. 4. Select the desired value and click on OK. All the parameters’ units are now set. 7.1.2 Offline Unit Set-up With the Offline program running: 1. Click on the Units softkey at the bottom of the dialogue box. The Units dialogue appears, see Fig.7.1. Table 7.2 The acceptable values and the default values of the normalization temperature Display Text Acceptable Values Default Value NORMALIZATION TEMPERATURE 0°C, 20°C and 25°C 20°C NORMALIZATION TEMPERATURE 32°F, 68°F and 77°F 68°F NORMALIZATION TEMPERATURE 273K, 293K and 298K 293K Fig.7.1 The Units dialogue

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 7−Setting-up and Starting a Monitoring Task The Measurement Parameters 2. Click on the radio push-buttons to select the desired units. 3. If you have selected the mg/m3 unit for the gas concentration, click in the Nor- malization Temperature field. Note these temperature values change depending on the temperature units se- lected, i.e. °C, °F and K. 4. Select the desired value and click on OK. All the parameters’ units are now set. 7.2 The Measurement Parameters The list of parameters to be defined is long. To help show where these parameters appear in the 1312PC software, the parameters are grouped under their index card name. Sampling index card Sampling mode: the manner in which the gases are sampled. There are two possibilities here: Continuous sampling: once the monitor is finished measuring it starts again making the next measurement, for a full explanation see section 4.1.2. Fixed interval sampling: this is the time from the start of one measurement cycle to the start of the next one, for a full explanation see section 4.1.2. Flushing: the length of time the monitor flushes the measurement chamber and the sample tubing between measurements. There are two options here: Auto: the monitoring system controls the flushing by selecting the optimum flushing time. This time can vary as this option takes in to account the cleanliness of the external air-filters and the length of the sampling tube Therefore, the sample tube length must be defined. Fixed Time: there are two selections here: Chamber, which is always selected with this option and Tube. See Table 7.5 for the acceptable values. Air Pressure: the actual air pressure read from your barometer, see Table 7.6. Water Interference: the 1312 is capable of measuring water’s contribution to the signal measured in its analysis cell. The user can decide whether or not the Table 7.3 The range of acceptable values and the default value for the Fixed interval sam- pling Acceptable Values hours:minutes Interval hours:minutes Default Value hours:minutes 00:01 to 00:59 00:01 00:02

The Measurement Parameters BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 7−5 Instruction Manual signal should be compensated for water’s contribution. It is suggested that water should be compensated for in all measuring situations except where extremely dry gases are being measured. Cross Interference: if any “interferent” other than water vapour is present in the ambient air-sample, the 1312 can cross compensate for the interference caused by its presence provided that a selective optical filter is installed in the monitor to measure the concentration of interferent gas present. Gas Monitor Display: this enables you to decide if instantaneous values or averaged values are displayed on the gas monitors screen. If average values are desired, then the example below illustrates how the values are calculated and displayed. Let us suppose that the 1312 has been taking measurements every 2.5 mins., over a period of 30 mins., of gas A (acetone), and the following results (un- shaded area) were obtained and recorded. Table 7.4 The acceptable values and the default values of the length of the sampling tube 1312 Display Text Acceptable Values Default Value LENGTH OF SAMPLING TUBE 0 - 99 metres 0.00 LENGTH OF SAMPLING TUBE 0 - 324.90 feet 0.00 Table 7.5 The range of acceptable values and the default value for the chamber and sample tube flushing times Acceptable Values Interval Default Value Chamber: 2 to 60 s Tube: 0 (=off), 3 to 120 s 1 s 1 s 8 s 3 s Table 7.6 The acceptable values and the default values of the actual air pressure 1312 Display Text Acceptable Values Default Value ACTUAL AIR PRESSURE kPa 50 - 150kPa 101.33kPa ACTUAL AIR PRESSURE mBar 500 - 1500mBar 1013.2mBar ACTUAL AIR PRESSURE mmHg 375 - 1125mmHg 760mmHg A: ACETONE 0 11:42:30 1 66.72 mg/m3 66.72 mg/m3 0 11:45:00 2 154.90 mg/m3 110.8 mg/m3 0 11:47:30 3 271.30 mg/m3 164.3 mg/m3 Averaged Values

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 7−Setting-up and Starting a Monitoring Task The Measurement Parameters Let us suppose that the averaging period was set to 10 mins. When the above measurement results are displayed on the screen and the averaging function is activated then each measurement will be averaged over the previ- ous 10 mins. and the averaged measurement results will replace the individ- ual measurement results (averaged results are shown in the shaded area in the list above). For example: measurement number 7 would be 616.9 mg/m3. This is the average of the 5 measurements taken in the 10 min. period end- ing at 11:57:30. Measurement number 12 would be 1.904 g/m3 which is the average of the 5 measurements taken in the 10 min. period ending at 12:12:00. The range of acceptable values and the default value of the averaging period are shown in Table 7.7. Gas index card Gas Setup: there are up to six selections here: A, B, C, D, E and W. These represent the filters installed in the monitor’s filter carousel. When setting up a new monitoring task, you can choose freely between the gases available for each filter (names entered when calibrating the filters, see sections 12.3 and 12.5). Once a gas has been selected for a filter and the measurement task started, you can no longer change the gas for this filter in this measurement task. However, you can still select gases for filters which have not previously been used in the measurement task. Note: only one gas per filter can be selected at a time for measuring. The W position always represents the water filter installed in the monitor. 0 11:50:00 4 415.90 mg/m3 227.2 mg/m3 0 11:52:30 5 588.70 mg/m3 299.5 mg/m3 0 11:55:00 6 789.70 mg/m3 444.1 mg/m3 0 11:57:30 7 1.019 g/m3 616.9 mg/m3 0 12:00:00 8 1.276 g/m3 817.9 mg/m3 0 12:02:30 9 1.562 g/m3 1.047 g/m3 0 12:05:00 10 1.876 g/m3 1.304 g/m3 0 12:07:30 11 2.218.00 g/m3 1.159 g/m3 0 12:10:00 12 2.589.00 g/m3 1.904 g/m3 Table 7.7 The range of acceptable values and the default value of the averaging period Display Text Acceptable Values Default Value ENTER AVERAGING PERIOD 00:10 hours:minutes 00:10 to 12:00 hours:minutes 00:10

The Measurement Parameters BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 7−7 Instruction Manual Sample Integration Time: this enables you to make a choice between speed and accuracy. Generally, the longer the integration time the more accurate the results. There are several selection possibilities here: Alarms index card Select Gas: this option enables you to select any of the gases (one per filter position) already defined in the setup. Limit: enables you to define the gas concentration that will trigger the alarm. The acceptable values are shown in Table 7.8. Select limit: this defines the concentration level when the alarm is triggered. This parameter must be defined. Maximum Limit/Minimum Limit: (Online only) these are toggle functions, only one of these can be selected. Select between a high alarm or a low alarm. Instantaneous/Rolling Average: (Online only) these are toggle functions, only one of these can be selected. The Rolling Average option enables you to pre- vent the alarm being triggered by sudden, small fluctuations in the gas con- centrations by using values which are averaged over a defined period of time. The averaging time is defined in minutes. The acceptable values are: 1 to 999 mins, and the default value is 10 mins. Action: this provides you with 4 ways to trigger the alarm. One or more of the options can be selected simultaneously. PC Beep: (Online only) when an alarm is triggered the PC makes a beeping noise. 1312 Beep: when an alarm is triggered the monitor makes a beeping noise. 1312 Relay 1 & 1312 Relay 2: selecting these options enable you to connect Integration Type Integration Time Fast Normal Low Noise Advanced 1 s 5 s 20 s 0.5 s, 1 s, 2 s, 5 s, 10 s, 20 s, 50 s Table 7.8 The range of acceptable values and default value of the alarm limit for the gases Display Text Acceptable Values Default Value ENTER ALARM LIMIT FOR GAS n* ____PPM 0 – 1000000 ppm Blank ENTER ALARM LIMIT FOR GAS n* ____mg/m3 Depends on the molecular weight of the gas Blank *n = A to E

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 7−Setting-up and Starting a Monitoring Task The Measurement Parameters the alarms to a variety of either audio (for example, a siren) and/or visual (for example a flashing light) alarm systems. Active Alarms: only the gases which you have selected and activated are shown in this field. 7.2.1 Measurement Set-up If you are using the Online program, follow the instructions below. If you are using the Offline program go directly to step 5. 1. Pull down the Task menu. Click on New if you want to create a new database, or click on Open to use an existing database. 2. In the database window: For new databases: click in Enter name for field and type in the desired name. For existing databases, click on the desired database name. 3. Click OK. A graphic window and an extended menu bar appear. 4. Pull down the Sequence menu. Click on Settings and the Setup window ap- pears In the new window there are several labelled “index card” separators. Each index card contains several parameters. Sampling index card 5. Click on the radio-button for the desired sampling mode. If Sample Interval is selected, set the time to the correct value. 6. Click on the radio-button for the desired flushing mode. a. If Auto is selected, set the correct tube length b. If Fixed Time is selected, set the desired chamber flushing time and the tube flushing time. 7. If water vapour and cross interference are required, click in the appropriate check boxes. 8. If average values are to be displayed on the gas monitors screen, click in the Average check box, and set the interval to correct value. 9. Click in the Air Pressure field and type in the value read from your barometer. Gas index card 10. Click on the “Gas” index card. 11. Click in the check box to the left of the desired filter.

The Measurement Parameters BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 7−9 Instruction Manual 12. Click in the field to the right of the selected filter and select the correct gas. 13. Repeat steps 11. & 12. until all the filters which are required for the measure- ments are selected and the correct names are displayed. 14. Click in the Sample Integration Time field and select the desired option. 15. (Advanced settings only). Note that a new field has appeared to the right of the gas names. Click in the field and define the times for the selected filters. Alarms index card 16. Click on the “Alarms” index card 17. Click in the Select gas field to display the list of gas names. 18. Click on the desired gas name. 19. Click in the Select Limit field, and type in the desired concentration. 20. Online Only – Click on the Maximum Limit or Minimum Limit radio push- button. 21. Online Only – Click on the Instantaneous or Rolling Average radio push-button. If you select Rolling Average, click in the field to the right and define the aver- aging interval for the alarm. 22. Online Only – Click in the desired Action check boxes. 23. Click on Add New or Insert Before if you want to insert the new entry at the top of the list. 24. Repeat steps 17. to 23. until all the required alarms are set. Note: if you wish to remove an alarm, select the gas in the Alarms: field and click on Remove. If you are using the Offline program, go to step 25. If you are using the Online program, and you have completed all the steps, click on OK, the system is now ready to start measuring, see section 7.3.1. Up/Download index card – Offline Only 25. Click on the Up/Download index card 26. Click on the Download Settings softkey. This will download the settings in the Sequence Settings dialogue to the monitor. 27. When the transfer is complete, Click on the Close softkey to exit the Offline program. You are now ready to start measuring, see section 7.3.2.

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 7−Setting-up and Starting a Monitoring Task Starting and a Monitoring Task 7.3 Starting and a Monitoring Task Monitoring tasks can be started in two ways. They can be started immediately, or set to start at a pre-set time. The duration of the monitoring sequence can also be determined. A monitoring task can continue until it is stopped manually, or at a pre-set time. When using the 1312PC and the Online option, there are no limits to the duration of a monitoring task. However, if the measurement results are being stored in the monitor’s memory, the duration of the monitoring task should be considered as there is only a finite amount of memory in the monitor. See section 9.3 for full details about the storage capacity of the monitor. 7.3.1 Online Program Using the 1312PC, a monitoring task can be paused or stopped and then re-started at your convenience. This means a monitoring task can comprise of one or more monitoring sequences, where each sequence has a distinct name. When sequences are measured consecutively, using the same name, a number appears after the name (starting at 1). This shows the order in which they were measured. Before a monitoring task is started, the set-up, as described in section 7.2, must be completed. 1. Pull down the Sequence menu and click on Start. The New Measurement Sequence window opens. 2. In the Enter sequence description: field, type in the name of the monitoring sequence. If you do not enter a name, the default name is used: Sequence 1. 3. In the Start Time group: To start the measurement immediately, click on the Now radio-button. or To delay the start, click on the Start at: radio-button and define the start time. 4. In the Stop Time group: If no stop time is required, click on the None radio-button. This means the measurement must be stopped manually. or To determine the duration of the monitoring sequence, click on the Stop at: radio-button and define the stop time. 5. Press OK to start the monitoring task.

Starting and a Monitoring Task BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 7−11 Instruction Manual Stopping the Monitoring Task If no pre-set monitoring period is defined, then to stop the monitoring task, pull down the Sequence menu and click on Stop. 7.3.2 Offline Program Before a monitoring task is started, the monitor should be warmed up and the set- up, as described in section 7.2, must be completed and downloaded to the monitor. 1. Press . The following text appears on the screen: Please note: if you do not use one of the “select” keys within a short time after the above text appears, the 1312 will automatically stop operating in Measure mode (the light-emitting diode in the key switches off). If this happens just press again. 2. To start the measurement immediately, press . To delay the start, press . The following warning then appears on the display: Display Memory is where the 1312 stores the results of all measurements while it is performing a monitoring task. If the monitoring task is stopped and then started again all the data already collected will be deleted from Display Memory. However, the data in Display Memory can be copied into and stored in the MEASURE ACTIVE TASK: MONITORING TASK NUMBER 1 CHANGE TASK DELAYED START START TASK S1 S2 S3 MEASURE MEASURE S1 S2 WARNING: DISPLAY MEMORY WILL BE DELETED STOP PROCEED S1 S2 S3

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 7−Setting-up and Starting a Monitoring Task Starting and a Monitoring Task 1312’s Background Memory. This operation is described in section 10.2. 3. Press . Immediate Start If you selected an immediate start, the following text appears on the screen: 4. When the first measurement cycle is complete the 1312 will automatically dis- play the results and update them every time a new measurement cycle is com- pleted. An example is shown below: This display gives the overview of the gas/vapour concentrations last measured — in this case the concentration of gas A and humidity of the water vapour are in the units that were selected — that is mg/m3 for gas A and Tdew for water vapour (see section 4.3.2). Delayed Start If you selected a delayed start, the following text is displayed: S1 MEASUREMENT IN PROGRESS RESULTS NOT YET AVAILABLE W: 8.33E+00 E:_______ D:_______ C:_______ B:_______ A: 452E+01 S1 S2 S3 ACTIVE TASK: MONITORING TASK NUMBER 1 TASK WILL START AT: 16:25 TIME: 16:00 S1 S2 S3

Starting and a Monitoring Task BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 7−13 Instruction Manual The time shown in the TIME: field is the current time. When the monitoring task starts, the monitor’s screen will change and display the same messages as those displayed when a monitoring task starts immediately. Stopping the Monitoring Task If no pre-set monitoring period is defined, then to stop the monitoring task, press and . MEASURE S3

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 7−Setting-up and Starting a Monitoring Task Starting and a Monitoring Task

8−1 Instruction Manual Chapter 8 Viewing Measurement Data — using a PC

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 8−Viewing Measurement Data — using a PC Measurement Data 8.1 Measurement Data In order for the measurement data to be viewed using the PC software, the data must be stored in the PC. For Offline and Stand-alone use, where the measurement data is stored in the monitor, then the data must be Uploaded to the PC. All measurement data from the 1312 monitor, regardless of what is being displayed on screen during the measurement, is transferred to the PC and stored in a MS- Access format. This measurement data can be viewed on screen, analyzed and used in other software programs that utilize ODBC. 8.1.1 Uploading Measurement Data from the Monitor Any measurement data that is stored in the monitor’s display memory can be up- loaded to a PC. Measurement data can be uploaded either as a new measurement task, which is given a unique name, or it can be uploaded so that it becomes a sequence in an existing measurement task. If was pressed or something happened while monitoring, the uploaded data retains these marks, which can be displayed using the Presentation program. With the monitor and the PC connected as described in section 2.2 and the Offline program running: 1. Click on Up/Download index card, see Fig.8.1. 2. Click on the radio-button to either Upload to a new task or Upload to an exist- ing task. If you are adding data to an Existing Task, select the monitoring task from the list displayed. EVENT Fig.8.1 The Up/Download dialogue

Graphic Window BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 8−3 Instruction Manual 3. Click on the Upload Sequence softkey. If you are uploading measurement to a New Task, a New Measurement Task dialogue opens, type in the desired monitoring task name now, and click on OK. The measurement data is uploaded to the PC, where it can be viewed using the Presentation program. 8.2 Graphic Window This window can display all the measured gases, simultaneously. The concentration curves can be allocated to either of the two axes. The scale and concentration units of these axes can be set individually to suit the concentration of the gas(es) dis- played on them. The number of concentration curves displayed, their colour and their style are defined by you. Measurement data can be displayed as instantane- ous concentration curves or as average concentration curves, where you define the averaging interval. This window also displays several “MARKS”. These appear if something happens during the measurement, or an alarm is triggered. If any events have been added during the monitoring task, these are also displayed here. These marks and events are always displayed with the Online program, but can be hidden with the Presentation program. See “Events” index card in section 8.2.1 and section 8.3.1. When using the Online program, the latest measurement results are always dis- played at the right-hand end of the axis. Previous measurement results roll across the x-axis, disappearing from view at the left Y-axis when the interval defined for the x-axis is full. These measurement results are not lost, just not displayed. 8.2.1 Graphic Window Properties Dialogue Box This dialogue box enables you to define exactly what is displayed in the graphic window. The separate sections are divided up by index cards. To simplify matters, the following explanations are given under the index card name headings. Interval index card This index card is divided in to several groups: Measurement Sequence: this option is only available when the Presentation software option is used. You can select any one of the sequences recorded under the currently selected monitoring task. When using the Online program, only a speci- fied interval from the latest measurement can be displayed. Time: this is a toggle option. You can select either this option or the measurement number option. This option enables you to define the X-axis as a period of time.

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 8−Viewing Measurement Data — using a PC Graphic Window Note there are slight variations here between the Online program and the Presen- tation program. Online: defining a time period here determines the time period for the length of the x-axis. This acts like a rolling window, where the period for the x-axis is always the same and the latest measurement result will always be displayed at the right-hand end of the x-axis. Presentation: defining the times and dates here, enable you to select a time period which can stretch over several measurement sequences. In fact, the com- plete monitoring task can be displayed by defining the times and dates here. Measurement Number: this is a toggle option. You can select either this option or the Time option. Like the time option, by defining a value here, you define the length of the x-axis, defined as a number of measurements. For the Online program, the x-axis works like a rolling window, where the latest measurement is always displayed at the right-hand end of the axis. For the presentation option, several measurement sequences, under the same monitoring task name, can be displayed at the same time. Rolling Average: this enables you to define what sample values are displayed. If the check box in this field is not ticked (default setting), then individual sample concentration values are displayed. However, if the check box is ticked an averaging interval must be entered: Rolling Average: the individual sample values are averaged and displayed on the graph. By defining the averaging time, you can display defined Time-weight- ed Average (TWA) values. This can be of use if you need to know 8 hour Nation- al Occupational Exposure Limits or Short Term Exposure Limits (STEL) averaged over 15 minutes. The formulae used to calculate the average values are described in detail in section 8.4. The units of the value defined here change depending on which radio-button was selected, time or measurement number. Left Y-axis index card It is here you define the scale of the left Y-axis, which curves (gases) are allocated to this axis, and their appearance. Scaling: this enables you to set the scale of this axis. There are three possibilities: Autoscale maximum and minimum: by selecting this option, the gas concentra- tions will always be displayed. The scale will start just below the minimum concentration value and end just above the maximum value. With the Online option, the scale will widen as the concentrations vary, both upwards and down- wards. Autoscale maximum (minimum = 0): by selecting this option, the axis will al- ways start at zero. The top value depends on the maximum value. With the Online option, the scale will increase when the concentrations exceed the dis-

Graphic Window BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 8−5 Instruction Manual played value. Autoscale OFF: this option enables you to define the minimum and maximum values on the axis. This can be of use if you are interested in a particular concentration range. Note that with this option, the curve(s) may not appear on the screen. When you select this option, the scaling icons ( ) in the tool bar become active. These icons enable you to change the scaling: 0 to maximum or minimum to maximum, respectively. Single Curve Setup: it is here you define which gas curves are allocated to this axis. You define their colour, the style of line, you can even change their units here if necessary. Select gas: by clicking in this field, the names of all the gases measured during this monitoring task are displayed. Clicking on a gas name enables you to set up the gases individually. Select color: there are seven standard colours to choose from. If necessary, a user-defined colour can be selected. By clicking on Define, the Windows mix- ing palette is displayed. The standard Windows procedure should be followed. Select style: there are several styles to choose from. These are displayed by clicking in the style field. Select unit: this enables you to display the gas with the desired units. When you click in the select unit field, the units available for this gas are displayed. All Curves: if a gas is to be displayed in the graphic window, then it must appear here. Gases are entered in this field by first displaying their name in the Select gas field, setting up the display parameters for the curve and then pressing the Add New soft-key. Note that if a gas already appears here, but you want to edit one or more of the display parameters, then you must click on the name here first before you can change its appearance. Soft-keys: these three keys are used to edit the names in the All curves list. Add New: if this is pressed after the appearance of a gas has been defined, then the gas is added to the end of the list of gases already displayed. Insert Before: this puts the selected gas at the top of the list. Remove: this enables you to remove a gas curve name, resulting in this gas not being displayed. Note: the fastest way to set the Y-axis in the graphic window is: when the sequence settings are defined, open a new graphic window. All the selected gases are dis- played. If you want to change any of the display parameters, then do this using the Windows Properties dialogue.

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 8−Viewing Measurement Data — using a PC Graphic Window Right Y-axis index card It is here you define the scale of the right Y-axis, which curves (gases) are allocated to this axis, and their appearance. All the values in this index card are set up in exactly the same way as those in the Left Y-axis index card. Events index card (presentation only) There are five check boxes that can be selected here. If a tick appears in the check box, then this “event” is displayed in the graphic window. Communication Errors: are marked by a line with a “C” at the end of it. These indicate when a communication error has occurred between the monitor and the PC. Alarms: are marked by a line with a small red triangle at the end. These indi- cate when the alarm was triggered, and which gas triggered the alarm. New Air Pressure Entered: are marked by a line with an “N” at the end of it. These indicate if a new air pressure is entered during a measurement. User Events: are marked with by a cursor with a “U” at the top of it. Gas Monitor Warnings/Errors: Event Marks Description Common Marks: apply to all filters “P” The 1312 stopped measuring due to a power failure, but automatically re-started monitoring again after regaining power. The 1312 was “reset” because a fault was detected. “U” The measurement was marked by the user when the Event button was pressed. “W” A operational error was detected, or a warning was given during the measurement. The accuracy of the measurement cannot be guaranteed. Gas Marks: apply to individual filters “B” The 1312 was incapable of calculating this gas concentration. “F” After this measurement the filter carousel was found to be out of alignment. If the misalignment is only slight, then accuracy of the measurement has not been affected, but the accuracy of such a measurement can not be guaranteed. “A” The gas concentration measured during this measurement cycle exceeded the user-defined alarm limit, resulting in an alarm being triggered. To see which gas the Common Mark adheres to, open a numeric window.

Numeric Window BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 8−7 Instruction Manual 8.3 Numeric Window This window can display all the measurement data, simultaneously. Measurement data can be displayed as instantaneous concentration values or as average concen- tration values. This window also displays several “MARKS”. These appear if some- thing happens during the measurement, or an alarm is triggered. If any events have been added during the monitoring task, these are also displayed here. These marks and events are always displayed with the Online program, but can be hidden with the Presentation program. See “Events” index card in section 8.2.1 and section 8.3.1. When using the Online program, the latest measurement results are always dis- played at the bottom of the column. Previous measurement results roll upwards, disappearing from view at the top of the column when the defined interval is full. These measurement results are not lost, just not displayed. 8.3.1 Numeric Window Properties Dialogue Box Interval index card This index card is divided in to several groups: Measurement Sequence: this option is only available when the Presentation software option is used. You can select any one of the sequences recorded under the currently selected monitoring task. When using the Online program, a specified interval from the latest measurement can be displayed. Time: this is a toggle option. You can select either this option or the measurement number option. This option enables you to define the column length as a period of time. Note there are slight variations here between the Online program and the Presentation program. Online: defining a time period here determines the time period for the length of the column. This acts like a rolling window, where the period for the column is always the same and the latest result will always be displayed at the bottom of the column. Presentation: defining the times and dates here enable you to select a time period, which can stretch over several measurement sequences. In fact, the com- plete monitoring task can be displayed by defining the times and dates here. Measurement Number: this is a toggle option. You can select either this option or the Time option. Like the time option, by defining a value here, you define the length of the column, defined as a number of measurements. For the Online option, the x-axis works like a rolling window, where the latest measurement is always displayed at the bottom of the column. For the presentation option, several meas-

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 8−Viewing Measurement Data — using a PC Numeric Window urement sequences, under the same monitoring task name, can be displayed at the same time. Rolling Average: this enables you to define what sample values are displayed. If the check box in this field is not ticked (default setting), then individual sample concentration values are displayed. However, if the check box is ticked an averaging interval must be entered: Rolling Average: the individual sample values are averaged and displayed in the columns. By defining the averaging time, you can display defined Time-weighted Average (TWA) values. This can be of use if you need to know 8 hour National Occupational Exposure Limits or Short Term Exposure Limits (STEL) averaged over 15 minutes. The formulae used to calculate the average values are de- scribed in detail in section 8.4. The units of the value defined here change depending on which radio-button was selected, time or measurement number. Columns index card It is here you define which gases are displayed in the numeric window. Single Column Setup: you define which gases are displayed and their units. Select gas: by clicking in this field, the names of all the gases measured during this monitoring task are displayed. The gases are selected individually. Select unit: this enables you to display the desired units for each gas. When you click in the select unit field, the available units for this gas are displayed. All Columns: if a gas is to be displayed in the numeric window, then it must appear here. Gases are entered in this field by first selecting their name and units and then pressing the Add New soft-key. Note that if a gas already appears here, but you want to edit the units, then you must click on the name here first before re-selecting its units. Soft-keys: these three keys are used to edit the names in the All Columns list. Add New: if this is pressed after the appearance of a gas has been defined, then the gas is added to the end of the list of gases already displayed. Insert Before: this puts the selected gas at the top of the list. Remove: this enables you to remove a gas curve name, resulting in this gas not being displayed. Note: the fastest way to set the properties in the numeric window is: when the sequence settings are defined, open a new numeric window. All the selected gases are displayed. If you want to change any of the display parameters, then do this using the Windows Properties dialogue.

Using the Cursors BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 8−9 Instruction Manual Events index card (presentation only) There are five check boxes which can be selected here. If a tick appears in the check box, then this “event” is displayed in the numeric window. Communication Errors: are marked by a line with a “C” at the end of it. These indicate if there has been communication problems between the 1312 monitor and the PC. Alarms: are marked by a small red triangle. These indicate when the alarm was triggered, and are situated on the value for the gas which triggered the alarm. New Air Pressure Entered: are marked with a line with an “N” at the end of it. These indicate that a new air pressure value has been entered during a meas- urement. User Events: are marked by a line with a “U” at the end of it (see section 8.5). Gas Monitor Warnings/Errors: 8.4 Using the Cursors Cursors can be used in both the numeric and graphic windows. The way they are used and the information they provide is the same in both situations. Before the cursors can be displayed, the Cursor Values window must be opened and the win- dow in which you wish to position the cursor(s) must be selected. Once the Cursor Values window is open, you click on the curve (in the graphic window) or on the value (in the numeric window) that you are interested in. Event Marks Description Common Marks: apply to all filters “P” The 1312 stopped measuring due to a power failure, but automatically re-started monitoring again after regaining power. The 1312 was “reset” because a fault was detected. “U” The measurement was marked by the user when the Event button was pressed. “W” A operational error was detected, or a warning was given during the measurement. The accuracy of the measurement cannot be guaranteed. Gas Marks: apply to individual filters “B” The 1312 was incapable of calculating this gas concentration. “F” After this measurement the filter carousel was found to be out of alignment. If the misalignment is only slight, then accuracy of the measurement has not been affected, but the accuracy of such a measurement can not be guaranteed. “A” The gas concentration measured during this measurement cycle exceeded the user-defined alarm limit, resulting in an alarm being triggered.

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 8−Viewing Measurement Data — using a PC Using the Cursors The cursor function is divided into two parts: when a single cursor is displayed and when two cursors are displayed. 8.4.1 “Single” Cursor When you click in the window, a single cursor appears in the graphic window while two cursors appear either side of a single value in the numeric window. The Cursor Values dialogue gives several pieces of information: Cursor Position: this can be given as either a time and date or a measurement number, depending on what was defined in the Window Properties dialogue. The displayed gases (and their display units) are listed on the left-hand side of the dialogue. Opposite each gas, under the heading Cursor Value, there is a value dis- played. This is the measured value for the gas where the cursor has been posi- tioned. There is a soft-key, View Settings, which enables you to see the measurement’s settings (see section 7.2) for the measurement sequence. Note: the View Settings soft-key is only available when this “single” cursor is dis- played. 8.4.2 Two Cursors If you are interested in the measurement data in a particular range, or need to zoom in, then two cursors can be used. The second cursor is displayed when you click on the initial cursor (either of the cursors in the numeric window), hold the left mouse button down and drag the cursor to the desired position and then re- lease the mouse button. The two cursors are quite easy to see now. The information in the Cursor Values dialogue changes. When using the Online program, the cursors can be used to look at any of the data more closely. But, note that as soon as a new measurement is available from the monitor, this will be displayed, disturbing your zoomed in view. In this case, it is more convenient to use the Presentation program simultaneously. Left Cursor Position: this can be given either as a time and date or a measure- ment number, depending on what was defined in the Window Properties dialogue. Right Cursor Position: this can be given as either a time and date or a measure- ment number, depending on what was defined in the Window Properties dialogue. The displayed gases (and their display units) are listed on the left-hand side of the dialogue. Opposite each gas are several values under the headings: Minimum: this shows the minimum value for each gas between the cursors.

Using the Cursors BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 8−11 Instruction Manual Average: this gives the linear average value for all the values for each gas between the cursors. The calculation of “the mean value” can be expressed mathematically as follows: Where: N = measurement cycles performed during the monitoring period (T) between the cursors cn = gas concentrations (where n = 1 to N) Maximum: this shows the maximum value for each gas between the cursors. Standard Deviation: this is the standard deviation of a particular gas’s measure- ments from the average value of this gas. Where: µ = the mean value Cn = individual gas concentrations N = total number of measurements Note: the View Settings soft-key is not displayed when two cursors are displayed. Zoom Function When two cursors are displayed, the zoom function can be used. By pulling down the View menu and clicking on Zoom in. All the measurement data outside the cursors is removed from the screen. By setting new cursors, the zoom can be repeat- ed. Note: the Cursor Values dialogue updates each time the new cursors are displayed. There are two ways to zoom out again. You can pull down the View menu and click on Zoom out. or The average value Cn ( ) n=1 n=N ∑ N --------------------- = The Standard Deviation σ Cn µ – ( )2 n=1 n=N ∑ N 1 – --------------------------------- = =

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 8−Viewing Measurement Data — using a PC User Event Markers You can redefine the time “window” or the number of measurements displayed in the Window Properties dialogue. 8.5 User Event Markers If something happens or you change something during a monitoring task, or you just want to indicate a measurement for some reason, this is possible using the Insert User Event option. The measurement results are marked by a vertical line with a “U” at the top in the graphic window and a horizontal line with a “U” at the end of it in the numeric window. User events can be inserted: Previous measurement: (Online only) this is the measurement prior to the one currently being measured. Next measurement: (Online only) this is one currently being measured. The event marker first appears when the measurement is displayed. At the cursor: this is only possible when the cursor is displayed. The marker appears at the cursor, but remains there after the cursor is moved. This is the only way to insert User Events when using the Presentation program. When the presentation option is used to view measurement data, the user event markers can be displayed or hidden, depending on the settings in the Window Properties dialogue (see section 8.2.1and section 8.3.1). 8.5.1 Inserting a User Event Marker 1. If you want to insert a User Event marker at the cursor, position the “single” cursor. 2. Pull down the Edit menu. Click on Insert User Event and a new dialogue box opens. 3. Online only – click on the radio-button for the desired position. 4. Type in any comments you may have in the Events Text field. 5. Click on OK. The user event marker will appear at the designated point. 8.6 Status Windows There are two status windows: Alarms status and Measurement status. These can be displayed when the Online program is being used.

Displaying Measurement Results while Monitoring BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 8−13 Instruction Manual 8.6.1 Alarms Status If an alarm has been defined in the Sequence Settings dialogue (see section 7.2), and that alarm has been triggered, then by opening this window, you can see which gas triggered it. When an alarm is triggered, a red triangle flashes until the alarm has been confirmed, using the Confirm soft-key. Alarms can only be confirmed when they are no longer active. 8.6.2 Measurement Status This informs you if the measurement is active or idle, when the last measurement was made and the latest measurement values for all the measured gases, even if they are not displayed in the graphic or numeric windows. 8.7 Displaying Measurement Results while Monitoring Using the Online program, measurement data is displayed on screen as soon as it is available from the monitor. The data can be displayed in both a graphic window and a numeric window, simultaneously. The latest measurement results are always displayed. With the Online program running and a monitoring task started: 1. If you want to open another window, pull down the Window menu and click on New Graphic Window or New Numeric Window. 2. Click in the window you want to set up, and pull down the Edit menu. Click on Window Properties, see Fig.8.2.

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 8−Viewing Measurement Data — using a PC Displaying Measurement Results while Monitoring Interval index card 3. Select the interval units for the x-axis. Click on either the Time or Measure- ment Number radio-buttons and define the interval length. 4. Select the displayed measurement values. If you want to display single measurement values, ensure that the check box in the Rolling Average group is not ticked. If you want to display rolling average values, click in the Rolling average check box and define the averaging interval. If you have opened a numeric window, go to step 5. If you have opened a graphic window go step 11. Column index card 5. Click on the Column index card. 6. If the gases and their units displayed in the All Columns field are not correct, click on the gas you want to change. If the gas you want to display is not present in the All Columns field, click on Add New or Insert Before. 7. In the Single Gas Setup group, click in the Select Gas field and select the de- sired gas name. Fig.8.2 The Window Properties dialogue for a graphic window

Displaying Measurement Results while Monitoring BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 8−15 Instruction Manual 8. Click in the Select unit field and select the desired units. 9. Repeat steps 6. to 8., selecting the other gases you want to display. 10. Press OK to save selections and exit the dialogue box. The selected gases will now be displayed in the numeric window as they become available. Left Y-axis index card 11. Click on the Left Y-axis index card 12. In the Scaling group, select the desired scaling mode by clicking on the correct radio-button. 13. If the gases and their units displayed in the All Curves field are not correct, click on the gas you want to change. If the gas you want to display is not present in the All Curves field, click on Add New or Insert Before. 14. In the Single Curve Setup, click in the Select Gas field and select the desired gas name. 15. Select the desired colour, style and units. 16. Repeat steps 13. to 15. until all the gases you want displayed on the left y-axis are in the All Curves list. Right Y-axis index card 17. Click on the Right Y-axis index card 18. In the Scaling group, select the desired scaling mode by clicking on the correct radio-button. 19. If the gases and their units displayed in the All Curves field are not correct, click on the gas you want to change. If the gas you want to display is not present in the All Curves field, click on Add New or Insert Before. 20. In the Single Curve Setup, click in the Select Gas field and select the desired gas name. 21. Select the desired colour, style and units. 22. When all your selections are correct, click on Add New. The selected gas is now displayed in the All curves field. This means it will be displayed on the graph, with its concentration scale displayed on the right axis. 23. Repeat steps 19. to 23. until all the gases you want displayed on the right y-axis are in the All Curves list. 24. Press OK to save the selections and exit the dialogue box. The measured data will now be displayed on screen.

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 8−Viewing Measurement Data — using a PC Displaying Measurement Results After Monitoring Note: you can display the same gas several times, simultaneously, with different units if desired. 8.8 Displaying Measurement Results After Monitoring Using the Presentation program, measurement data from monitoring tasks stored in the computers memory is displayed on screen. The data can be displayed in both a graphic window and a numeric window, simultaneously. With the presentation program running: 1. Pull down the Task menu. Click on Open to view an existing database. 2. In the database window, click on the desired database name. 3. Click on OK. A graphic window opens showing all the measurement values for the complete monitoring task. The Window Properties dialogue also opens. Interval index card 4. Click in the Measurement Sequence field and a list of all the sequences in the monitoring task is displayed. 5. Select the desired sequence or all sequences. If you select all, then you can zoom in on the individual areas using the cursor function (see section 8.4.2). 6. Select the interval units for the x-axis. Click on either Time or Measurement Number radio-buttons and define the values in the From: and To: fields. 7. Select the displayed measurement values. If you want to display instantaneous values, ensure that the check box in the Rolling Average group is not ticked. If you want to display rolling average values, click in the Rolling average check box and define the averaging interval. If you have opened a numeric window, go to step 8. If you have opened a graphic window go step 13. Column index card 8. Click on the Column index card. 9. If the gases and their units displayed in the All Columns field are not correct, click on the gas you want to change. If the gas you want to display is not present in the All Columns field, click on Add New or Insert Before.

Displaying Measurement Results After Monitoring BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 8−17 Instruction Manual 10. In the Single Gas Setup group, click in the Select Gas field and select the de- sired gas name. 11. Click in the Select unit field and select the desired units. 12. Repeat steps 9. to 11., selecting the other gases you want to display. Go to step 25. to define the event markers that you want displayed in the numeric window. Left Y-axis index card 13. Click on the Left Y-axis index card 14. In the Scaling group, select the desired scaling mode by clicking on the correct radio-button. 15. If the gases and their units displayed in the All Curves field are not correct, click on the gas you want to change. If the gas you want to display is not present in the All Curves field, click on Add New or Insert Before. 16. In the Single Curve Setup, click in the Select Gas field and select the desired gas name. 17. Select the desired colour, style and units. 18. Repeat steps 15. to 17. until all the gases you want displayed on the left y-axis are in the All Curves list. Right Y-axis index card 19. Click on the Right Y-axis index card 20. In the Scaling group, select the desired scaling mode by clicking on the correct radio-button. 21. If the gases and their units displayed in the All Curves field are not correct, click on the gas you want to change. If the gas you want to display is not present in the All Curves field, click on Add New or Insert Before. 22. In the Single Curve Setup, click in the Select Gas field and select the desired gas name. 23. Select the desired colour, style and units. 24. Repeat steps 21. to 23. until all the gases you want displayed on the right y-axis are in the All Curves list. Events index card 25. Click on the Events index card.

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 8−Viewing Measurement Data — using a PC Displaying Measurement Results After Monitoring 26. Click in the desired check boxes to display the different event markers. 27. Press OK to save selections and exit the dialogue box. Although the measurement data may be displayed on screen, you can change any of the parameters, including the averaging value, in the Window Properties dialogue when ever you please without losing any data in the process.

9−1 Instruction Manual Chapter 9 Database Administration for PC Use

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 9−Database Administration for PC Use Introduction 9.1 Introduction The Database Administration program enables you to backup, restore and delete the databases you have stored on your hard disk. This chapter also explains how to export data, this is achieved using the Presentation program. Note: database files cannot be copied or moved using Windows95 Explorer. In order to copy and move files that will continue to work with the 1312PC Software, follow the instructions below. 9.2 Backup Databases This option enables you to make a backup copy of your existing databases. There are three types of files that can backed up here: Measurement Tasks; Calibration Tasks; and Filter Information. With the Database Administration program running: 1. Click on Backup and the dialogue shown in Fig.9.1 is displayed. 2. Click on the radio-button to select the type of data to be backed up. 3. Select the correct name from the list displayed and click on OK. 4. Now define the destination where the backup should stored and click on OK. A copy of the selected database is now made. If you want to use this database again, use the Restore option. Fig.9.1 The Backup dialogue

Restore Databases BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 9−3 Instruction Manual 9.3 Restore Databases This option enables you to restore backup copies of databases, so that they may be used again in the 1312PC Software. All backup files, made using the Backup op- tion, can be restored. Restored databases can be restored as “read-only” files. This prevents you from adding additional measurement data to the database, or corrupting the existing data. This is of particular use when restoring Calibration databases that must not be changed. With the Database Administration program running: 1. Click on Restore and the dialogue shown in Fig.9.2 is displayed. 2. Use the standard Windows95 browser procedures to select the databases to be restored. 3. If you want to restore the database(s) as a read-only file(s), click in the Open as read-only check box. 4. Click on Open. The selected files are restored to the 1312PC Software working directory. Click on Cancel to exit the Restore dialogue when all the desired databases have been restored. 9.4 Delete Databases This option enables you delete measurement and calibration databases from the 1312PC Software working directory without disturbing the filter information. Fig.9.2 The Select Backup File dialogue

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 9−Database Administration for PC Use Export Databases Note: using Explorer to delete files may result in information in remaining data- bases being damaged or deleted by mistake. With the Database Administration program running: 1. Click on Delete and the dialogue shown in Fig.9.3 is displayed. 2. Click on the radio-button to select the type of data to be backed up. 3. Select the correct name from the list displayed and click on OK. A warning appears, to confirm that you do want to delete the selected database. 4. Confirm the deletion by clicking on Yes. Click on Close to exit the Delete dialogue. 9.5 Export Databases This option enables you to export existing databases as semicolon delimited ASCII files. The export function works from within the Presentation program. The data- base to be exported must be open. Note: only the data displayed, either in a numeric or graphic window is exported. With the desired data displayed, as described in section 8.8: 1. Pull down the Task menu and click on Export. 2. Use the standard Windows95 browser, which appears on screen, to define thee destination for the exported data. 3. Type in the desired file name. All files have a .TXT extension. 4. Click on Export. Fig.9.3 The Delete dialogue

10−1 Instruction Manual Chapter 10 Storage of Data in the 1312’s Memory

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 10−Storage of Data in the 1312’s Memory Types of Memory in the 1312 In order to fully understand the functioning of the 1312 it is necessary to know something about the different types of memory the 1312 uses, the kind of data stored in each type of memory, and how this data is affected by the various opera- tions performed by the 1312. Offline users may find the information in this chapter of interest as their measure- ment data is stored in the 1312’s memory before being uploaded to the PC. Howev- er, any mention of selecting or setting up active filters or filter banks in this chapter is not applicable as these are set-up or selected in the Offline Sequence Settings dialogue. 10.1 Types of Memory in the 1312 The 1312 has three types of memory: 1. A Read Only Memory (ROM); 2. An Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), which we have named the Source Memory; 3. A Random Access Memory (RAM) which we have named the Working Memory. 10.1.1 Read Only Memory (ROM) Data stored in this memory cannot be changed by the user. The Optical Filter Factors, which describe each of the optical filters which are available for installa- tion in the 1312, are stored in this memory. These factors are listed in a print-out of the “Calibration Data Block” (see section 12.7). When optical filters are installed in the carousel wheel, the 1312 must be informed about: G Which filters have been installed in its carousel (UA numbers of the filters); and G Where they have been installed (position “A”–“E” of the carousel — see section 12.3.3). This information allows the 1312 to read the correct optical filter factors from its ROM memory when the filter is installed. As these factors are used in the calcula- tion of calibration factors, it is vitally important that this information is correctly entered before calibration is performed. 10.1.2 Source Memory (EEPROM) The data stored in Source Memory is not lost if A.C. mains power is removed from the 1312. There are three blocks of data in the Source Memory (see Fig 10.1):

Types of Memory in the 1312 BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 10−3 Instruction Manual Block 1 — contains calibration factors and 3 optical-filter parameters Block 2 — contains 3 of the 6 set-up parameters found under the Filters branch of the set-up “tree” Block 3 — contains all other parameters in the set-up “tree” Block 1 — Calibration Factors and 3 Optical-filter Parameters: There are six different “data files” in this block. Each data file is denoted by a letter which indicates the position a particular optical filter occupies in the 1312’s carousel. Each file “A” to “E” is divided into five sections called Filter Banks, which are numbered from 1 to 5. The water-vapour filter is only capable of measur- ing water-vapour and therefore its data file (“W”) is not divided into different filter banks. Each Filter Bank contains the following data: 1. The name of the gas used during span calibration of the filter. 2. The molecular weight of the gas used during span calibration. 3. The alarm limit for the gas. 4. A Concentration offset factor: obtained during zero-point calibration of the filter. 5. A Humidity gain factor: obtained during an humidity-interference calibra- tion of the filter. 6. A Conversion factor: obtained during the span calibration of the filter with the gas named in point 1 above. 7. Cross-interference calibration factors — obtained during cross-interference calibration.

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 10−Storage of Data in the 1312’s Memory Types of Memory in the 1312 Before calibrating a particular filter, one of the filter’s banks is made active (by operating the 1312 in Set-Up mode and “entering” the chosen filter-bank number for the filter being calibrated). The filter bank no. which is made active before the filter is calibrated, is the filter bank where the 1312 will store calibration factors calculated during calibration. This means that the user is able to calibrate any particular optical filter to measure up to five different gases. If a particular filter is to measure more than one gas, it is therefore necessary to span calibrate it with each of the gases it is to measure. For example, if you refer to the “Gas Detection Limits” wall chart you will see that the filter UA 0976 can be used to measure the following three gases: 1. Sulphur hexafluoride 2. Acetic acid 3. Vinyl chloride Suppose that filter UA 0976 is installed in position “A” of the filter carousel to measure each of the above gases. Before this filter is calibrated, the 1312 has to be told where to store the calibration factors which are calculated during the calibra- 3 4 5 A 3 5 1 B 2 4 5 1 C 2 3 5 D 2 3 4 E W 2 4 3 1 1 A B C D E (factory-set values) 1. Calibration Factors 3. Other Set-Up Parameters 1. Calibration Factors (from Active Filter Banks) (data copied from ) 4. Background Memory Display Memory CALIBRATION TASK STORE RECALL Set-up 891811e 2. Optical filter Set-Up Parameters New active values active values 3. Other Set-Up Parameters 2. Optical filter Set-Up Parameters New active values Set-Up of Optical Filter Parameters W (of other Set-Up Parameters) Source Memory Working Memory Print (storage of measurement results) 5. Display Memory 1 4 5 2 Fig.10.1 Schematic diagram showing the structure of the 1312’s memory

Types of Memory in the 1312 BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 10−5 Instruction Manual tion procedure. This is done by selecting a — in the active set-up for Filter A each time the filter is calibrated. For example, Filter Bank No.“1” for storage of the calibration factors for sulphur hexafluoride, Filter Bank No.“2” for acetic acid and Filter Bank No.“3” for vinyl chloride. After calibration of the filter UA 0976 the 1312 is able to accurately monitor any of the three gases mentioned — but only one of these gases during any particular monitoring task. By selecting the correct in the set-up of the 1312 before a monitoring task is started, the user determines which calibration factors will be used during the task and therefore the kind of gas monitored by filter A. For example, when Filter Bank No.“3” is entered in the active set-up for filter UA 0976 in position “A”, the 1312 reads the calibration factors from file “A3” into its Working Memory so that the concentration of vinyl chloride can be calcu- lated during the monitoring task. Block 2 — Optical Filter Set-up Parameters: This block contains 3 of the 6 the parameters which describe the optical filter installed in each position of the filter carousel: UA number of the filter; Filter bank number; S.I.T. information; If any of the above-listed parameters are changed in the active set-up they are also automatically changed in the Source Memory. Block 3 — Other Set-Up Parameters: This block of data contains all set-up parameters except the optical filter parame- ters. Before leaving the factory the parameters in this block are given factory-set values. These are the values obtained for a parameter when the button is pressed. 10.1.3 Working Memory (RAM: The Working Memory is a “volatile” memory, that is, data will be lost from it if electric power is removed from the 1312. When the 1312 is not connected to a mains power supply a lithium battery in the 1312 provides a back-up power supply to protect the data in this memory. When this battery is no longer providing enough power a warning will appear on the 1312’s display to indicate that the battery needs to be replaced by a new one. There are four different blocks of data in the Working Memory (see Fig. 11.1): FILTER BANK NO. FILTER BANK NO. Default BACK-UP BATTERY TOO LOW

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 10−Storage of Data in the 1312’s Memory Types of Memory in the 1312 Block 1 — contains only calibration factors and 3 optical-filter parameters from each of the active “Filter Banks” Block 2 — contains 2 of the 5 optical filter parameters with values which are the same as those found in Block 2 of the Source Memory. Block 3 — contains all other set-up parameters (i.e. excluding the optical fil- ter parameters) with active set-up values. Block 4 — this block contains measurement data which was copied into it from the Display Memory. This block is called Background Memory because the data stored in it cannot be accidentally deleted. Block 5 — contains data collected during the performance of a monitoring task. This data block is named the Display Memory because this data is displayed on the 1312’s screen while a monitoring task is being performed. Block 1 — Calibration Factors and 3 Optical-filter Parameters from Each Active Filter Bank: If, for example, 5 optical filters are installed in the 1312 and their UA numbers have been entered in the active set-up and Filter Bank No. 2 has been selected for filter “A”; no. 4 for filter “B”; no. 3 for filter “C”; no. 1 for filter “D” and no. 1 for filter “E”, then only calibration factors from filter banks A 2, B 4, C 3, D 1, E 1 and W will be stored in this block of data (see Fig. 11.1). The name, molecular weight and alarm limit of each gas will also be stored in this block. Block 2 — Optical Filter Set-up Parameters: Whenever either an optical filter’s UA number or its active Filter Bank Number is changed, the same values are automatically read into Block 2 of the Source Memory. Block 3 — Other Set-up Parameters: The active set-up values are those values which are underlined by a cursor on the display screen of the 1312 when it is operated in Set-Up mode. Block 5 — Measurement Data: Whenever the 1312 performs any operation which results in data occupying the Display Memory, the data already stored there will be deleted. To reduce the risk of accidental losing data from Display Memory, a warning is displayed whenever a user “WARNING: DISPLAY MEMORY WILL BE DELETED”

Types of Memory in the 1312 BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 10−7 Instruction Manual attempts to perform an operation with the 1312 which will result in the deletion of data from Display Memory. Data in Display Memory can be copied into the 1312’s Background Memory (see Block 4 below) to protect it against accidental deletion. Alternatively, the data in Display Memory can be printed out by connecting a printer to the 1312 and trans- mitting data via either the IEEE 488 or the RS 232 interface port of the 1312 (see Chapter 12). The storage space in Display Memory is finite. Once this memory has been filled by data from a monitoring task any additional data collected will start to overwrite some of the data already stored there. Block 4 — Stored Measurement Data By selecting to data when the 1312 is operating in Memory mode the user can copy data from Display Memory into Background Memory to “protect” data against accidental deletion from the Display Memory (see section 10.3.1 for further details). The storage space in Background Memory is finite and is exactly the same size as the storage space available in Display Memory (see section 9.3 for further details). Data which has been stored in Background Memory can be recalled to the Display Memory. This is done by operating the 1312 in Memory mode and selecting to data (see Section 11.3.2). When data is “recalled” to Display Memory it is not transferred from Background Memory to Display Memory, it is only copied into Display Memory so there is no risk of losing it. In Display Memory the user can scroll through the data. Data stored in Background Memory can be deleted by operating the 1312 in Memo- ry mode and selecting to data (see section 10.3.3). 10.1.4 Effect of a Calibration Task on the 1312’s Memory Before calibration of the optical filters in the 1312 the UA numbers of each of the installed filters is “entered” into the active set-up of the 1312. This enables the 1312 to find a set of numerical parameters which describe each numbered optical filter (this information is found in the Read Only Memory of the 1312). These numerical parameters are called Optical Filter Factors. During a the 1312 uses these Optical Filter Factors to calcu- late the calibration factors for each installed optical filter. As explained in section 10.1.2, by “entering” a Filter Bank No. in the active set-up before calibration of any particular filter with any particular gas, each filter can be calibrated to meas- ure up to five different gases and the filter bank number tells the 1312 exactly STORE RECALL DELETE CALIBRATION TASK

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 10−Storage of Data in the 1312’s Memory Types of Memory in the 1312 where (in the Source Memory) to store the calibration factors calculated during the calibration task. After completion of a calibration task the calibration factors which are found in the Working Memory are entirely dependent upon the Filter Bank No. which is active for each optical filter. If Filter Bank No. 1 is active for filters in positions “A” to “D” and Filter Bank No. 2 is active for the filter in position “E” then calibration factors from files A 1, B 1, C 1, D 1, E 2 and W will be found in Working Memory (see Fig 10.2). 10.1.5 Effect of Changing the UA number in the “Active” Set-up WARNING!: Changing the UA number of a filter in the 1312’s active set-up will destroy all calibration data for the filter. As explained in section 10.1.1, the UA no. determines the set of Optical Filter Factors used during the calculation of calibration factors and therefore, if the UA number of any filter is changed in the active set-up of the 1312, all calibration A B C D E W 1 1 1 1 2 A B C D E 1. Calibration Factors 3. Other Set-Up Parameters 1. Calibration Factors (from Active Filter Banks) (data copied from 4. Background Memory Display Memory) CALIBRATION TASK 892496e 2. Optical filter Set-Up Parameters 3. Other Set-Up Parameters 2. Optical filter Set-Up Parameters W Source Memory Working Memory (storage of measurement results) 5. Display Memory Filter Bank No. A B C D E 1 1 1 1 2 Filter Bank No. A B C D E 1 1 1 1 2 Calibration data is stored in the Filter Bank which is active during calibration Fig.10.2 The state of the Source Memory after completion of a CALIBRATION TASK

Types of Memory in the 1312 BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 10−9 Instruction Manual data related to the optical filter whose number has been removed from the set-up is automatically deleted from both the Source Memory and the Working Memory as it is no longer valid. For example, if the UA number of the filter installed in position “A” of the filter carousel is changed in the active set-up then calibration factors are deleted from the active file “A” in the Working Memory and from files A 1, A 2, A 3, A 4 and A 5 in the Source Memory of the 1312 (see Fig.10.3). The 1312 will not be able to measure any gas with filter “A” until it has been fully calibrated, see Chapter 12 for details. 10.1.6 Effect of a Full Reset on the 1312’s Memory A of the 1312 changes the data stored in its Working Memory as follows: 1. All data stored in Display Memory and Background Memory is deleted. 2. Values of the Optical Filter Set-up Parameters in Block 2 of the Source Memo- 2 3 4 5 1 A 3 4 5 1 B 2 3 4 5 C 2 3 4 5 D 2 3 4 5 E W 1 2 1 1 1 A B C D E (factory-set values) 1. Calibration Factors 3. Other Set-Up Parameters 1. Calibration Factors (from Active Filter Banks) (data copied from ) 4. Background Memory (storage of measurement results) 5. Display Memory Display Memory 891812e 2. Optical filter Set-Up Parameters New active values active values 3. Other Set-Up Parameters 2. Optical filter Set-Up Parameters New active values W Source Memory Working Memory All Calibration factors deleted in "A" files Change UA no. of Filter in position A" Fig.10.3 Effect of changing a UA number in the “active” set-up FULL RESET

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 10−Storage of Data in the 1312’s Memory Types of Memory in the 1312 ry are copied into Block 2 of the Working Memory. 3. The active values of the Other set-up parameters in Block 3 of the Working Memory are replaced by the factory-set values defined in Block 3 of the Source Memory. 4. The active values of the Optical Filter Parameters in Block 2 of the Working Memory are replaced by the values of the optical filter parameters in Block 2 of the Source Memory. Note that under normal circumstances the data in these blocks is the same. However, to ensure that the data in these blocks is the same, data is read from Source Memory into the Working Memory during a of the 1312. 5. Those Filter Bank Nos. which have been made active determine the calibration factors which will be found in Block 1 of Working Memory after a of the 1312. If, for example the active Filter Bank No. chosen for all the filters “A” to “E” is no. 1, then only the calibration data in files A 1; B 1; C 1; D 1; E 1 and W will be found in the 1312’s Working Memory after a . This example is illustrated in Fig 10.4. FULL RESET FULL RESET FULL RESET 1 1 1 1 A B C D E 1. Calibration Factors (from Active Filter Banks) (empty) 4. Background Memory (empty) 5. Display Memory 891814e 3. Other Set-Up Parameters 2. Optical filter Set-Up Parameters W Source Memory Working Memory 2. Optical filter Set-Up Parameters A B C D E W 1. Calibration Factors (factory-set values) 3. Other Set-Up Parameters FULL RESET 1 (factory-set values) Fig.10.4 The state of the Working Memory after a FULL RESET

Storage of Measurement Results BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 10−11 Instruction Manual 10.2 Storage of Measurement Results While a monitoring task is being performed measurement data is stored in the 1312’s Display Memory. When the monitoring task is complete the data in Display Memory is normally copied into the 1312’s Background Memory to prevent it from being overwritten (and therefore lost) by measurement data stored during the next monitoring task. The same amount of data can be stored in both the Background Memory and the Display Memory. Structure of the Background Memory The data from a maximum of 10 monitoring tasks can be stored in the Background Memory provided the total amount of data from the 10 tasks does not exceed the total capacity of the Background Memory. Each monitoring task stored in the Back- ground Memory is given a “location number” (from no. 1 to no. 10). The size of each location is flexible and is equal to the space required to store all the data collected during a monitoring task. If data from a single monitoring task totally occupies the Display Memory, then this data can be stored in Background Memory provided that no data is already stored there. The data will occupy only one location of Background Memory and fill all available storage space. Therefore, it will not be possible to store any data from any new monitoring task in Background Memory unless the data already stored there is first deleted (see section 10.3.3). To illustrate the variable size of each location let us suppose that the following monitoring tasks are performed: Task No. 1: The data collected in Display Memory occupies 20% of the total capacity of the Display Memory. The data can be stored in Back- ground Memory provided that the data already stored there occu- pies less than 80% of the total capacity of the Background Memory. However, let us suppose that the Background Memory is empty and that we the data from this monitoring task in location 1 of Background Memory. This means that Background Memory is now 20% full (see Fig 10.5). Task No. 2: The collected data occupies 30% of the total capacity of the Dis- play Memory. Let us suppose that we the data in location 2 of Background Memory. This means that Background Memory is now 50% full (see Fig 10.5). Task No. 3: The data occupies 40% of the total capacity of the Display Memory. Let us suppose that we the data from this task in loca- tion 3 of Background Memory. Background Memory is now 90% full (see Fig 10.5). Task No. 4: The data occupies 10% of the total capacity of the Display Memory. Let us suppose that we the data from this task in the STORE STORE STORE STORE

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 10−Storage of Data in the 1312’s Memory Storage of Measurement Results Background Memory — let us say it is stored in location 4. Back- ground Memory is now 100% full (see Fig 10.5). The Background Memory has now been filled-up by the data from the four monitor- ing tasks described above, even though location nos. 5 - 10 (inclusive) have not been used. The user will not be able to any more data in Background Memory because there is no space available for it. Data in Background Memory can, howev- er, be deleted to make space for the storage of new measurement results (see sec- tion 10.3.3). STORE 20 % 30 % 20 % 40 % 30 % 20 % 10 % 40 % 30 % 20 % 4 3 2 1 20 % 30 % 40 % 10 % Monitoring Task No. 1 Monitoring Task No. 4 Monitoring Task No. 3 Monitoring Task No. 2 STORE STORE STORE STORE 1 2 3 4 891817e LOCATIONS(S) USED : 1.................. 20 % OF MEMORY USED TIME: 10:14 LOCATIONS(S) USED : 1-2............... 50 % OF MEMORY USED TIME: 12:16 LOCATIONS(S) USED : 1-2-3............ 90 % OF MEMORY USED TIME: 16:18 LOCATIONS(S) USED : 1-2-3-4......... 100 % OF MEMORY USED TIME: 08:20 INFO INFO INFO INFO Press Press Press Press BACKGROUND MEMORY DISPLAY MEMORY Fig.10.5 Storing data from 4 different consecutive measurement tasks in the Back- ground Memory

Management of Data in Background Memory BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 10−13 Instruction Manual Whenever the 1312 is operating in Memory mode the user can, by pressing the push-button, find out what percentage of the Background Memory is occu- pied and which location numbers have been used to store data. Fig 10.5 illustrates the status information one can obtain from the 1312 during various stages of the four monitoring tasks described above. Further information about the push- button can be found in section 10.3.4. 10.3 Management of Data in Background Memory The 1312 has to be operated in Memory mode by pressing the push- button. The following text appears on the screen: 10.3.1 Storing Data in Background Memory When data is to be copied from Display Memory into Background Memory: Press If some data has already been stored in the Background Memory and you cannot remember which locations have been occupied (used), press the push-button to find out which locations are occupied and what percentage of the Background Memory has been used (see section 10.3.4). Use the direction to select the desired INFO INFO MEMORY SELECT MEMORY FUNCTION DELETE RECALL STORE S1 S2 S3 S1 ENTER LOCATION NUMBER 1 PRESS ENTER TO CHANGE VALUE S1 S2 S3 INFO

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 10−Storage of Data in the 1312’s Memory Management of Data in Background Memory location number. When the chosen location number is on the screen, press to accept the position. 10.3.2 Recalling Data from Background Memory To recall data stored in Background Memory to Display Memory: 1. Press 2. Use the direction keys to select the correct location number. The following text is displayed 3. If you want to continue, press , and the following text is displayed. If you want to Stop, press , this returns you to the original display showing so that you can any data which is stored in Display Memory as explained in section 10.3.1. 4. Press . If data has not been stored in the chosen location, a message will appear on the 1312’s display to inform the user. Otherwise, the data from the S2 Memory S2 LOCATION NUMBER 1 PRESS ENTER TO CHANGE VALUE S1 S2 S3 WARNING: DISPLAY MEMORY WILL BE DELETED STOP PROCEED S1 S2 S3 S1 LOCATION NUMBER 1 RECALLED ACCEPT S1 S2 S3 S3 SELECT MEMORY FUNCTION STORE S2

Management of Data in Background Memory BE 6002−11 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor 10−15 Instruction Manual chosen location in Background Memory will be copied into Display Memory. 10.3.3 Deleting Data from Background Memory To delete data which has been stored in Background Memory: Press Use the direction keys to select the location number. After selecting the chosen location number the display will show the starting-time of the oldest data stored in the Background Memory: If the starting-time of the oldest stored data to be deleted corresponds with the starting-time shown on the display screen then press and then to accept that the data will be deleted from Background Memory. 10.3.4 Obtaining Information in Memory Mode It is not necessary for the user to remember the numbers of the locations in Back- ground Memory which have been used to store data. When the 1312 is operated in Memory mode, users can at any time find out which locations are used, and what percentage of the Background Memory’s total data capacity has been used by: Pressing the push-button: MEMORY S3 LOCATION NUMBER 1 PRESS ENTER TO CHANGE VALUE S1 S2 S3 DATA RECORDED FROM 1997-01-01 12:00 STOP PROCEED S1 S2 S3 S1 S2 INFO

INNOVA Instruction Manual Chapter 10−Storage of Data in the 1312’s Memory Management of Data in Background Memory The numbers appearing on the above display are those which contain stored data. The 1312 will show the above “Information text” display for a short period of time and then automatically change back to the text which was showing on the display before the push-button was pressed. LOCATION(S) USED : 1- -3-4-5- -7- -9-10 53 % OF MEMORY USED TIME 10:26 S1 S2 S3 INFO