Avnet MAAXBOARD Operation & User’s Manual

intellectual property are owned by Avnet Manufacturing Services. Avnet Manufacturing Services has the copyright of this document and reserves all rights. Any part of the document should not be modified, distributed or duplicated in any approach and form without the written permission issued by Avnet Manufacturing Services. Disclaimer: Avnet Manufacturing Services does not take warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, as to the program source code, software and documents provided along with the products, and including, but not limited to, warranties of fitness for a particular purpose; The entire risk as to the quality or performance of the program is with the user of products. Regulatory Compliance: MaaXBoard single board computer has passed the CE & FCC certification.

MaaXBoard-Android-UM-V1.0 http://www.avnet.me/maaxboard 3 Revision History Rev. Description Author Date V1.0 Initial version Sandy 20200301

Chapter 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 7 1.1 Package Content .................................................................................................................... 7 1.2 Feature List ............................................................................................................................. 8 Chapter 2 Quick Start .............................................................................................................................. 9 2.1 Select Image ........................................................................................................................... 9 2.2 Boot from SDCard .................................................................................................................. 9 Chapter 3 Feature Configuration & Introduction ....................................................................................11 3.1 Software version ....................................................................................................................11 3.2 Developer options................................................................................................................. 12 3.2.1 Enable Developer options ............................................................................................. 12 3.2.2 Common Important Options .......................................................................................... 13 3.3 USB Debug ........................................................................................................................... 14 3.3.1 Enable USB Debugging ................................................................................................ 14 3.3.2 Connect to device ......................................................................................................... 15 3.3.3 Start and Connect ADB ................................................................................................. 16 3.3.4 Issuing ADB Commands ............................................................................................... 16 3.3.5 Issue shell commands................................................................................................... 16 3.3.6 Install an app ................................................................................................................. 17 3.3.7 Uninstall an app ............................................................................................................ 17 3.3.8 Copy files to/from a device ............................................................................................ 18 3.4 Button ................................................................................................................................... 19 3.4.1 PWR .............................................................................................................................. 19 3.4.2 BACK & HOME ............................................................................................................. 20 3.4.3 Virtual Button ................................................................................................................. 20 3.5 Display .................................................................................................................................. 21 3.5.1 Displayer ....................................................................................................................... 21 3.5.2 Display Settings ............................................................................................................ 22 3.6 Touch Screen ........................................................................................................................ 23 3.7 Audio ..................................................................................................................................... 24

3.7.2 Play Audio ..................................................................................................................... 25 3.7.3 Volume Adjustment ....................................................................................................... 27 3.8 Camera ................................................................................................................................. 28 3.8.1 MIPI-Camera ................................................................................................................. 28 3.8.2 USB Camera ................................................................................................................. 29 3.9 ETH ....................................................................................................................................... 30 3.10 Wi-Fi ..................................................................................................................................... 32 3.10.1 Enable and Disable Wi-Fi ............................................................................................. 32 3.10.2 Connect the Wi-Fi Network ........................................................................................... 34 3.10.3 Delete the network ........................................................................................................ 35 3.10.4 Wi-Fi Hotspot................................................................................................................. 36 3.11 Bluetooth 4.2 ........................................................................................................................ 37 3.11.1 Start Bluetooth .............................................................................................................. 37 3.11.2 Scan and Connect the Bluetooth Devices .................................................................... 39 3.12 LED ....................................................................................................................................... 40 3.13 UART .................................................................................................................................... 40 3.13.1 UART1 ........................................................................................................................... 40 3.13.2 UART2 ........................................................................................................................... 41 3.14 Storage ................................................................................................................................. 42 3.15 USB 3.0 Interface ................................................................................................................. 42 3.15.1 USB Host ....................................................................................................................... 42 3.15.2 USB Device ................................................................................................................... 44 Chapter 4 Burn or update the system Image ........................................................................................ 47 4.1 Burn the System Image to SD Card under Windows OS .................................................... 47 4.2 Burn the System Image to SD Card under Android OS ....................................................... 48 4.3 Update System Image in eMMC .......................................................................................... 48 Chapter 5 Appendix ............................................................................................................................... 49 5.1 Hardware .............................................................................................................................. 49 5.2 Software................................................................................................................................ 49 5.3 Android Develop ................................................................................................................... 49 Chapter 6 Technical Support and Warranty .......................................................................................... 50

6.2 Warranty Conditions ............................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Chapter 7 Contact Information ................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.1 Package Content The content of software release package is subject to the actual release sources. For the file structure and instructions, refer to the following table: Release Folder tree 01Doc Description MaaXBoard-Android-ReleaseNote-Vxx.pdf Release Note MaaXBoard-Android-UserManual-Vxx.pdf User Manual MaaXBoard-Android-DevelopmentGuide-Vxx.pdf Development Guide 01AndroidSourceCode Description Readme.txt/xx.tar.gz Git Library path or Source Code package 02AndroidShipmentImage Description MaaXBoard-AndroidShipmentImage-Vxxx.img Android system image file 03AndroidTools Description xxx.sh Shell script to generate Android Image, etc.

U-Boot version: 2018.03 Kernel version: 4.14.78 Evaluation image Android P(9) Development based on NXP i.MX 8M Micro SD boot 1 Gigabit Ethernet (RJ45) 2 USB 3.0 can work in Host & Device mode 2 UART (TTL) include debug port External interfaces (I2C, UART, SPI, SAI and GPIO) WIFI & BLE 4.2 MIPI-DSI Display HDMI Display and Audio MIPI camera and USB Camera Bluetooth audio USB audio

The default version of MaaXBoard supports boot up from SD Card only. To burn the OOB image to SD Card, refer to Chapter 4. For the hardware connection and accessories details, please check the QSG. 2.1 Select Image The Android system image support HDMI and MIPI screen, before booting up the board, select different image file according to the screen used. For example: MIPI-DSI screen: MaaXBoard-AndroidShipmentImage-SDcard-MIPI-V1.0.2r03.img HDMI screen: MaaXBoard-AndroidShipmentImage-SDcard-HDMI-V1.0.2r03.img 2.2 Boot from SDCard Install the Serial Communication software (e.g. PUTTY), select the corresponding port number, baudrate as 115200, data bits as 8, stop bits as 1, parity as none. Connect the debug interface to PC with USB to TTL converter. Pin 6, 8 and 10 of J10 to the GND, RXD and TXD pin of the USB to TTL converter. (optional) Connect displayer: (Choose one from following)

◼ Connect MIPI-DSI screen to J16 Insert the SD card (with pre-burned image) into the card slot J2. Powered the board with a 5V, 2A, Type-C interface power (to J4). When the system start up, the screen will show the Android boot up GUI. After the boot, the screen will display the Android lock screen wallpaper. Slide up to unlock the screen and enter HOME page.

This section will use MIPI-DSI screen version as example, it introduces how to configure or use each function of MaaXBoard in Android OS. If you are using an HDMI displayer, the basic operation is consistent, while the screen direction might be different. Most HDMI display screens don't have the touch screen function; we can connect the USB mouse and keyboard to instead of using touch screen operation. First of all, please refer to the previous chapter and boot up the system. Then configure or use the functions according to the following guidance. 3.1 Software version Go to HOME page, slide up to show the APP list. Go to “Setting” -> “System” -> “About tablet”. Then you will find software version as follows:

3.2.1 Enable Developer options The develop options screen is hidden by default, to make it visible, go to “Setting” -> “System” -> “About tablet” and tap “Build number” for 7 times. When you tap the option, it will prompt: You are now x steps away from being a developer. Continue tap, until the system prompt: You are now a developer! Then go back to the “System” page, you will find “Developer options”. Tap on this option, then you can enable or disable the developer mode. Note: After disabling the Developer options, system settings screen will hide it again.

Developers options include some important settings, while ordinary users may not need this, it’s very important for developers, such as: Stay awake USB debugging Default USB configuration Input Drawing Apps

In Android development, we often use the USB debug mode to connect development board. There are many kinds of USB Debug applications on PC. Here we will with Android ADB and WIN10 as an example, to introduce how to use the USB debugging capabilities. Download address: https://developer.android.com/studio/releases/platform-tools Or download directly from: https://dl.google.com/android/repository/platform-tools-latest-windows.zip Reference Usage: https://developer.android.com/studio/command-line/adb 3.3.1 Enable USB Debugging Enable USB Debugging in Developer options screen:

1. After system set up, connect USB0 (the lower one in USB interface J5) to PC, Windows will detect Universal serial bus device: EM_SBC_IMX8M. 2. Then set the default USB connection to File Transfer in Developer options: Note: You may need to execute this step each time connect the device. 3. Windows will install the USB driver automatically. After that, you will find the following 2 devices in device manager.

Run command line tool in Windows, go to the path of adb tool, execute adb devices to know what device instances are connected to the adb server. D:\work\platform-tools>adb devices * daemon not running; starting now at tcp:5037 * daemon started successfully List of devices attached 161211d6f060954c device 3.3.4 Issuing ADB Commands You can issue adb commands to the board. The usage is: adb [-d | -e | -s serial_number] command If there's only one device connected, the adb command is sent to that device by default. Otherwise, you need to use the -d, -e, or -s option to specify the target device to which the command should be directed. For example: D:\work\platform-tools>adb -s 161211d6f060954c pull sdcard ./sdcard2 sdcard/: 5 files pulled, 0 skipped. 0.8 MB/s (464703 bytes in 0.565s) This operation copies the sdcard folder from the device (serial number: 161211d6f060954c) to the developers machine, path of adb tool, sdcard2 folder. 3.3.5 Issue shell commands You can use the shell command to issue device commands through adb, or to start an interactive shell. To issue a single command use the shell command like this: adb shell shell_command for example: D:\work\platform-tools>adb shell df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/root 1.6G 1.0G 612M 65% / tmpfs 995M 448K 994M 1% /dev tmpfs 995M 0 995M 0% /mnt /dev/block/dm-1 244M 49M 189M 21% /vendor /dev/block/mmcblk0p12 8.6G 91M 8.4G 2% /data /data/media 8.6G 91M 8.4G 2% /storage/emulated To start an interactive shell on a device: adb shell For example:

em_sbc_imx8m:/ # ls acct d init.environ.rc init.usb.rc oem sdcard bin data init.rc init.zygote32.rc postinstall storage bugreports default.prop init.recovery.freescale.emmc.rc init.zygote64_32.rc proc sys cache dev init.recovery.freescale.rc lost+found product system charger etc init.recovery.freescale.sd.rc mnt res ueventd.rc config init init.usb.configfs.rc odm sbin vendor em_sbc_imx8m:/ # exit em_sbc_imx8m:/ $ To exit an interactive shell, press Control + D or type exit. D:\work\platform-tools>adb shell em_sbc_imx8m:/ $ ^D D:\work\platform-tools>adb shell em_sbc_imx8m:/ $ exit 3.3.6 Install an app Execute commands: adb install path_to_apk For example: D:\work\platform-tools>adb install D:\work\apk\com.shenyaocn.android.usbcamera.apk Performing Streamed Install Success 3.3.7 Uninstall an app 1. Check the installed apps adb shell pm list packages For example: D:\work\platform-tools>adb shell pm list packages package:com.android.cts.priv.ctsshim package:com.android.internal.display.cutout.emulation.corner

Execute commands: adb uninstall package name For example: Search the package name for the app in above result, such as com.shenyaocn.android.usbcamera: D:\work\platform-tools>adb uninstall com.shenyaocn.android.usbcamera Success 3.3.8 Copy files to/from a device Use the pull and push commands to copy files to and from a device. To copy a file or directory and its sub-directories from the device, execute the command: adb pull remote local, for example: D:\work\platform-tools>adb -s pull sdcard ./sdcard2 sdcard/: 5 files pulled, 0 skipped. 0.8 MB/s (464703 bytes in 0.565s) To copy a file or directory and its sub-directories to the device, execute the command: adb push local remote, for example: D:\work\platform-tools>adb push D:\work\apk\com.shenyaocn.android.usbcamera.apk /sdcard D:\work\apk\com.shenyaocn.android.usbcamera.apk: 1 file pushed, 0 skipped. 0.3 MB/s (21895207 bytes in 61.445s)

3.4.1 PWR 1. Short press PWR button, system will enter sleep mode, press PWR again, the system will resume from sleep mode. 2. Long press PWR, it will prompt 3 option on the right side of screen, “Power off”, “Restart”, and “Screenshot”.

the system application: “Camera” quickly by press PWR twice. 3.4.2 BACK & HOME HOME: Back to HOME page BACK: Back to last screen 3.4.3 Virtual Button In the bottom of the screen, there are three virtual buttons, in turn, “BACK” “HOME” “TASK”. The function of BACK and HOME is the same with psychical button. Tap TASK button to open recent task list, the you can switch to or clear all running applications.

connect the screen to MaaXBoard, select corresponding system image before boot up the system according to the following table. Screen Type Resolution Interface HDMI (Default screen) 720p,1080p,2k,4k J9 (Standard HDMI Interface) MIPI-DSI 720*1280 J16 3.5.1.1 HDMI Most models of HDMI displayer can be automatic recognized and matching, if not, please contact us. In common situation, HDMI displayer is landscape, touch screen is not support, so connect a USB mouse is necessary. HDMI displayer do not support backlight brightness adjustment. 3.5.1.2 MIPI-DSI SCREEN MIPI-DSI screen is portrait screen, the resolution is 720P. It supports touch screen and backlight brightness adjustment.

Go to “Settings” -> “Display” to configure displayer. In this screen, user could adjust Brightness level, Sleep, Font size, Display size, Screen saver, etc. You can also adjust brightness level by slide down from the top of screen.

MIPI-DSI screen support multi-touch function, tap the screen to operate the system. ⚫ In Developer options screen, enable “Show taps” to display taps when you touch the screen. A circle appears under your finger or stylus and follows you as you move around the screen. ⚫ Enable “Pointer Location” to show the pointer (tap) location on the device with cross-hairs. A bar appears across the top of the screen to track the cross-hair coordinates. As you move the pointer, the coordinates in the bar track the cross-hair location and the pointer path draws on the screen.

MaaXBoard support HDMI Audio, USB Audio and Bluetooth audio. 3.7.1.1 HDMI AUDIO Choose HDMI screen as displayer, connect HDMI displayer and the audio devices, then the system media audio output from HDMI audio. Connect the audio output device, you can play audio from HDMI device. 3.7.1.2 USB AUDIO DEVICE MaaXBoard could support USB audio device (which do not need specified driver) to play audio. Connect USB audio device to USB 1, you can play audio from USB audio device. 3.7.1.3 BLUETOOTH AUDIO MaaXBoard also support play audio files via the Bluetooth audio device such as Bluetooth headset and speaker. To connect the Bluetooth device, refer to Bluetooth 5.0.

Copy wav or mp3 files to a U-disk, connect it to USB1, then open “Settings” -> “Storage” -> “SanDisk USB drive”, double click the audio file to play it.

to play the music.

Go to “Settings” -> “Sound”, drag the volume bar to adjust it.

3.8.1 MIPI-Camera Connect the Camera module to J16 before system boot up. The Android system provide a Camera application, which could be used with MIPI Camera to catch photos. 3.8.1.1 PREVIEW AND CATCH PHOTOS 1. Open the Camera APP, choose “Allow” in the Pop-up windows, then come into the UI of preview. 2. Click catch key to catch a photo.

preview pictures. 4. The path of the photos: /sdcard/DCIM/Camera 3.8.1.2 RECORD VIDEO（TBD） In current version, the Audio input device is not supported yet, so MIPI camera could not record video. 3.8.2 USB Camera Connect USB Camera to USB1 after system start up. If you connect the MIPI Camera and USB Camera to one board, open the default Camera APP, the USB Camera is used as Secondary Camera. You could switch to the USB Camera in the “Camera” APP. As the default Camera APP of Android system could not support USB camera independently, we suggest to use another USB Camera APP, you should install it at the first. The reference link as below: Refer link: http://app.mi.com/details?id=com.shenyaocn.android.usbcamera Open that APP, it could preview, catch a photo and record video.

obtain the IP by default. You can use the ifconfig command to view the IP information and use the following command to perform the network test: em_sbc_imx8m:/ # ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 36:88:ab:d8:f7:8d Driver fec inet addr:192.168.2.99 Bcast:192.168.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::4443:d4ea:45c9:22c6/64 Scope: Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:221 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:72 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:23360 TX bytes:4458 em_sbc_imx8m:/ # ping www.bing.com PING cn-0001.cn-msedge.net (202.89.233.100) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 202.89.233.100: icmp_seq=1 ttl=118 time=22.0 ms 64 bytes from 202.89.233.100: icmp_seq=2 ttl=118 time=23.7 ms ^C --- cn-0001.cn-msedge.net ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 22.075/22.922/23.769/0.847 ms

address bar.

3.10.1 Enable and Disable Wi-Fi There are 2 kinds of way to enable and disable the Wi-Fi, the first one is to click the Wi-Fi icon in the system drop-down box

Click the Wi-Fi, enable “Use Wi-Fi”, it could auto scan the available Wi-Fi networks, click the network you want to connect and input the password, then you could using the Wi-Fi network.

Click the network details, and click the FORGET key.

Before using the Hotspot, you must disconnect the Wi-Fi, and connect the cable to the Ethernet interface. Then start the Settings APP and click into the “Network & internet” to start the configuration of Wi-Fi Hotspot 1. Enable the Hotspot Click the Hotspot & tethering into the Hotspot configuration. Then click into the Wi-Fi hotspot and slide the enable key to “On”, the Wi-Fi hotspot is enabled. 2. Disable the Hotspot Slide the enable key to “Off”, and the Wi-Fi Hotspot would be disable。 3. The configuration parameter Setup the Hostname，Security and Hotspot Password as SSID，Security Mode and Password in proper sequence。

3.11.1 Start Bluetooth There is 2 ways to open the Bluetooth, first way is the Bluetooth icon of the system drop-down box

preferences in proper sequence and slide the key to “ON”, then the Bluetooth is enabled.

Click the Pair new device, system could scan the Bluetooth device, click the device you want connect in the available devices list. The board support the Bluetooth earphone, sound box and mobile phone

sys_led) on MaaXBoard Board. Execute the following instructions in terminal to control them. Users could also write their own applications to control the LED. Light out LED: em_sbc_imx8m:/ # echo 0 | tee /sys/class/leds/usr_led/brightness em_sbc_imx8m:/ # echo 0 | tee /sys/class/leds/sys_led/brightness Light up LED: em_sbc_imx8m:/ # echo 1 | tee /sys/class/leds/usr_led/brightness em_sbc_imx8m:/ # echo 1 | tee /sys/class/leds/sys_led/brightness 3.13 UART MaaXBoard supports 2 UART interface. MaaXBoard (CPU) Interface Type UART1 UART TTL (Debug Interface) UART2 UART TTL 3.13.1 UART1 UART1 is the default debug interface for Android OS, which can be used to login the shell environment of MaaXBoard. Connection methods: 1. Connect the debug interface to PC with USB to TTL converter. Pin 6, 8 and 10 of J10 to the GND, RXD and TXD pin of the USB to TTL converter. 2. Install the Serial Communication software (e.g. PUTTY), select the corresponding port number, baudrate as 115200, data bits as 8, stop bits as 1, parity as none.

command: em_sbc_imx8m:/ $ ls sdcard ls: sdcard: Permission denied 1|em_sbc_imx8m:/ $ su em_sbc_imx8m:/ # ls sdcard Alarms DCIM Movies Notifications Podcasts Android Download Music Pictures Ringtones 3.13.2 UART2 In the Android system, the node for UART2 is /dev/ttymxc1. Users could also write their own applications to control the LED.

In this screen, you can also “FREE UP SPACE” or use “Storage manger” to manage storage. If you need to write or read files from the storage, use Files app. 3.15 USB 3.0 Interface The USB 3.0 interface J5 on have 2 USB Host Interface, the upper one is USB1, the lower one is USB0. USB1 support USB HOST function, USB0 support USB Device function. 3.15.1 USB Host USB1 supports USB device such as USB HUB, U disk, USB Camera, key board, mouse, etc.

display as follows: Users could open U disk to explore the files or eject the U-disk. In “Settings” -> “Storage” screen, you will find portable storage

3.15.2 USB Device USB0 support USB Device function could be used to burn the system image, USB debug or transfer files. For USB debug guide, refer to USB Debug. Note: Connect USB0 and PC after the system start up. 3.15.2.1 BURNING MODE Connect USB0 and PC before power on the board. The system will not boot normally, it will enter burning mode. Then users could burn the system image to the development board using uuu tools. For the detail information, refer to MaaXBoard EMMC burning Guide.

Start up the system, then connect USB0 and PC, open default USB configuration option in Developer options. 1. Choose “File Transfer” The device manager on the computer will show portable device: EM_SBC_IMX8M, open computer, you will find EM_SBC_IMX8M.

2. Choose “PTP” EM_SBC_IMX8M will be listed in device manager and computer. Users could visit /sdcard/Pictures and /sdcard/DCIM on the board, edit the files / folders.

4.1 Burn the System Image to SD Card under Windows OS 1. Firstly, you should prepare a SD card, which is no less than 16GB. 2. Then, download and install “Win32 Disk Imager” from: https://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager/. 3. Select the system images file: eg: MaaXBoard-AndroidShipmentImage-SDcard-MIPI-V1.0.2r03.img 4. Click “Write” button to burn the images:

In Ubuntu or Debian OS, you can use bmap-tool to burn the image to SD Card. Here we use MaaXBoard-AndroidShipmentImage-SDcard-MIPI-V1.0.2r03.img as an example: 1. Install bmap-tools $ sudo apt install bmap-tools 2. Enter the following instructions in command line to check the SD Card ID, in this example is: sdc $ ls /dev/sd* /dev/sda /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc /dev/sdc2 /dev/sda1 /dev/sda5 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb5 /dev/sdc1 3. If SD Card is mounted, umount it. $ sudo umount /dev/sdc1 $ sudo umount /dev/sdc2 4. Burn the SD card with following instructions: $ bmaptool create -o burn.map MaaXBoard-AndroidShipmentImage-SDcard-MIPI-V1.0.2r03.img $ sudo bmaptool copy --bmap burn.map MaaXBoard-AndroidShipmentImage-SDcard-MIPI-V1.0.2r03.img /dev/sdc 4.3 Update System Image in eMMC USB0 (The lower one in USB interface HUB1) support burning mode. Connect USB0 and PC before power on the board. The system will enter burning mode. Then users could burn the system image to the development board using uuu tools. For the detail information, refer to MaaXBoard EMMC burning Guide.

5.1 Hardware For the detail hardware introduction, please refer to MaaXBoard Hardware User Manual. 5.2 Software MaaXBoard support Linux Debian system and Android system, for the detail software introduction, please refer to related user manual. Linux MaaXBoard Linux Software Release Note MaaXBoard Linux Software User Manual MaaXBoard Linux Software Development Guide Android MaaXBoard Android Software Release Note MaaXBoard Android Software User Manual MaaXBoard Android Software Development Guide 5.3 Android Develop https://android.googlesource.com/ https://developer.android.com

6.1 Technical Support To receive technical support, please post any questions you may have to the forum on https://www.avnet.me/maaxboard or contact your local Avnet FAE.