AAON CL SERIES Installation Operation & Maintenance
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Table of Contents
Safety ............................................................................................................................................................. 6
CL Series Feature String Nomenclature ...................................................................................................... 11
GENERAL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................................ 14
Unpacking: ............................................................................................................................................... 14
OWNER'S INFORMATION ....................................................................................................................... 14
Warning: .................................................................................................................................................. 14
Wiring Diagrams: ..................................................................................................................................... 15
General Maintenance: .............................................................................................................................. 15
INSTALLATION ........................................................................................................................................ 15
Lifting and Handling: ............................................................................................................................... 15
Condenser Placement: .............................................................................................................................. 15
Compressor Compartment Exhaust Fan: ................................................................................................. 15
Mounting Isolation: .................................................................................................................................. 16
Access Doors: .......................................................................................................................................... 16
Standard Evacuation Instructions: ........................................................................................................... 16
Low Ambient & Modulating Reheat System Evacuation Instructions: ................................................... 17
Charging Refrigerant: .............................................................................................................................. 18
Before Charging: ...................................................................................................................................... 18
Checking Liquid Sub-cooling: ................................................................................................................. 19
Checking Evaporator Superheat: ............................................................................................................. 19
Special Low Ambient Charging Instructions: .......................................................................................... 20
Low Ambient Operation: ......................................................................................................................... 20
LAC Valve: .............................................................................................................................................. 21
Electrical .................................................................................................................................................. 22
Refrigerant Piping Connections: .............................................................................................................. 24
Evaporative Condenser Field Piping Connections: ................................................................................. 24
STARTUP .................................................................................................................................................... 26
Pre-Startup: .............................................................................................................................................. 26
Startup: ..................................................................................................................................................... 26
Axial Flow Fans: ...................................................................................................................................... 27
Insert Blades: ........................................................................................................................................... 28
SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................................ 29
General: .................................................................................................................................................... 29
Compressors:............................................................................................................................................ 29
Refrigerant Suction Line Filter: ............................................................................................................... 29
Suction Filter Removal Instructions ........................................................................................................ 29
Refrigerant Liquid Line Filter Driers:...................................................................................................... 30
Evaporator/Heat Exchangers: .................................................................................................................. 30
Lubrication: .............................................................................................................................................. 30
Service Information: ................................................................................................................................ 30
Replacement Parts: ................................................................................................................................... 30
AAON Technical Support ........................................................................................................................ 30
Severe Service: ......................................................................................................................................... 31
Safety: ...................................................................................................................................................... 31
Performance: ............................................................................................................................................ 32
Warranties: ............................................................................................................................................... 32
Condenser Tube Inspection: .................................................................................................................... 32
Freeze Protection: .................................................................................................................................... 32
Recirculating Water System: ................................................................................................................... 32
EVAPORATIVE CONDENSER - PRE START-UP .................................................................................. 32
Cleanliness: .............................................................................................................................................. 32
Pump Operation: ...................................................................................................................................... 32
Running: ................................................................................................................................................... 32
Condenser Fan Motors: ............................................................................................................................ 33
Water Make-up Valve: ............................................................................................................................. 33
Water Treatment System: ........................................................................................................................ 34
Sequence of Operation: ............................................................................................................................ 34
EVAPORATIVE CONDENSER - MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS ................................................ 35
Pump Maintenance: ................................................................................................................................. 35
Fan Motor Maintenance: .......................................................................................................................... 35
Access Doors: .......................................................................................................................................... 35
Bearings - Lubrication: ............................................................................................................................ 35
Required Monthly Inspection: ................................................................................................................. 35
Mist Eliminators: ..................................................................................................................................... 35
Air Inlet: ................................................................................................................................................... 35
Stainless Steel Base Pan: ......................................................................................................................... 35
Propeller Fans and Motors: ...................................................................................................................... 35
Required Annual Inspection: ................................................................................................................... 35
Cleaning: .................................................................................................................................................. 35
EVAPORATIVE CONDENSER - WATER QUALITY ............................................................................ 36
Recirculating Water Quality Guidelines: ................................................................................................. 36
Mechanical Cleaning: .............................................................................................................................. 36
Parts: ........................................................................................................................................................ 36
AIR-COOLED CONDENSER .................................................................................................................... 36
E-Coated Coil Cleaning ........................................................................................................................... 36
REFRIGERANT PIPING FOR THE CL SERIES ...................................................................................... 39
General: .................................................................................................................................................... 39
Determining Refrigerant Line size: ......................................................................................................... 39
Equivalent Line Length: .......................................................................................................................... 39
Liquid line sizing: .................................................................................................................................... 40
Liquid Line Routing:................................................................................................................................ 40
Liquid Line Insulation: ............................................................................................................................ 40
Liquid Line Guidelines: ........................................................................................................................... 40
Liquid Line Accessories: ......................................................................................................................... 40
Suction Line Sizing: ................................................................................................................................. 40
Suction Line Routing: .............................................................................................................................. 40
Suction Line Traps: .................................................................................................................................. 41
Suction Line Insulation: ........................................................................................................................... 41
Suction Line Guidelines:.......................................................................................................................... 41
Suction Line Accessories: ........................................................................................................................ 42
Hot Gas Bypass Line: .............................................................................................................................. 42
Hot Gas Bypass Piping Considerations for Evaporator Above Condensing Unit: .................................. 42
Hot Gas Bypass Piping Considerations for Evaporator Below Condensing Unit: .................................. 42
Hot Gas Bypass Line Guidelines: ............................................................................................................ 42
Hot Gas Reheat Line: ............................................................................................................................... 42
Hot Gas Reheat Line Guidelines: ............................................................................................................ 43
Literature Change History........................................................................................................................ 58
Index of Tables and Figures
Tables:
Table 1 - Service Clearances ........................................................................................................................ 15
Table 2 - Acceptable Refrigerant Circuit Values ......................................................................................... 19
Table 3 - % Charge to Flood Condenser Coil for Ambient Below 70°F ..................................................... 20
Table 4 - Nameplate Voltage Markings & Tolerances ................................................................................ 22
Table 5 - Liquid Line Filter Drier Pressure Drop ........................................................................................ 30
Table 6 - Water Quality ............................................................................................................................... 36
Figures:
Figure 1 - CU evacuation connections ......................................................................................................... 16
Figure 2 - CU evacuation connections ......................................................................................................... 17
Figure 3 - AHU evacuation connections ...................................................................................................... 18
Figure 4 - Piping Schematic of Example system using the LAC valve ....................................................... 21
Figure 5 - Refrigerant Piping Connections .................................................................................................. 24
Figure 6 - Evaporative Condenser Section Water Treatment Components ................................................. 25
Figure 7 - Water Level Sensor ..................................................................................................................... 33
Figure 8 - Double Suction Riser .................................................................................................................. 41
Figure 9 - Oil Return Piping ........................................................................................................................ 42
Figure 10 - Hot Gas Bypass Piping Diagram with air handler above condenser ........................................ 44
Figure 11 - Hot Gas Bypass Piping Diagram with air handler below condenser ........................................ 45
Figure 12 - Hot Gas Reheat Piping Diagram with air handler above condenser ......................................... 46
Figure 13 - Hot Gas Reheat Piping Diagram with air handler below condenser ......................................... 47
Figure 14 - Hot Gas Reheat Piping Diagram with air handler above condenser and field installed suction
line accumulator ........................................................................................................................................... 48
Figure 15 - Hot Gas Reheat Piping Diagram with air handler above condenser and field installed suction
line accumulator ........................................................................................................................................... 49
Figure 16 - Reheat/Hot Gas Bypass Piping Diagram with air handler above condenser ............................ 50
Figure 17 - Reheat/Hot Gas Bypass Piping Diagram with air handler below condenser ............................ 51
Figure 18 - Reheat/Hot Gas Bypass Piping Diagram with air handler evaporator above condenser and field
installed suction line accumulator ................................................................................................................ 52
Figure 19 - Reheat/Hot Gas Bypass Piping Diagram with air handler below condenser and field installed
suction line accumulator .............................................................................................................................. 53
R10110 · Rev. C · 200910
AAON® CL Series Features and Options Introduction
Energy Efficiency
Air-Cooled or Energy Saving Evaporative
Condenser
Direct Expansion Systems
Tandem Scroll Compressors
VFD Controlled Condenser Fans
Humidity Control
Modulating Hot Gas Reheat
Safety
Phase and Brownout Protection
Automatic Low Pressure and Manual Reset
High Pressure Safety Cut-outs
Schrader Valves
Internal Overload Protection on Tandem
Scroll Compressors
Aluminum Tread Plate Floor Covering
Compressor Isolation Valves
Installation and Maintenance
Access Doors with Hinges, Lockable Handles
and Rain Gutters
Walk-In Weatherproof Compressor
Compartment
Run Test Report and Installation Manuals
Included in Controls Compartment
Color Coded Wiring and Wiring Diagrams
Double Pane Viewing Windows
Compressors are Deck Mounted with Rubber
Isolation
Three-Chemical Water Treatment System for
Evaporative Condenser
Aluminum Tread Plate Floor
Foam Insulated Double Wall Construction
Replaceable Core Filter Driers
System Integration
Single Point Power Connection
Air-Cooled or Evaporative Condensers
Environmentally Friendly
R-410A Refrigerant
Extended Life
2,500 Hour Salt Spray Tested Exterior
Corrosion Paint
Optional 5 Year Non-Prorated Compressor
Warranty
Sloped Condenser Coils with Outer Protection
Attention must be paid to the following statements:
NOTE - Notes are intended to clarify the unit installation, operation and maintenance.
CAUTION - Caution statements are given to prevent actions that may result in equipment
damage, property damage, or personal injury.
WARNING - Warning statements are given to prevent actions that could result in
equipment damage, property damage, personal injury or death.
DANGER - Danger statements are given to prevent actions that will result in equipment
damage, property damage, severe personal injury or death.
QUALIFIED INSTALLER
Improper
installation,
adjustment,
alteration, service or maintenance can
cause property damage, personal
injury or loss of life. Startup and
service must be performed by a
Factory Trained Service Technician. A
copy of this IOM must be kept with the
unit.
WARNING
ELECTRIC
SHOCK,
FIRE
OR
EXPLOSION HAZARD
Failure to follow safety warnings
exactly could result in dangerous
operation, serious injury, death or
property damage.
Improper servicing could result in
dangerous operation, serious injury,
death, or property damage.
When servicing controls, label all
wires
prior
to
disconnecting.
Reconnect wires correctly.
Verify
proper
operation
after
servicing. Secure all doors with
key-lock or nut and bolt.
WARNING
ELECTRIC SHOCK
Electric
shock
hazard.
Before
servicing, shut off all electrical power
to
the
unit,
including
remote
disconnects, to avoid shock hazard or
injury from rotating parts. Follow
proper Lockout-Tagout procedures.
WARNING
Unit contains fans with moving parts
that can cause serious injury. Do not
remove grill containing fans until the
power
to
the
unit
has
been
disconnected and fan has stopped
rotating.
WARNING
LIVE ELECTRICAL
During installation, testing, servicing,
and troubleshooting of the equipment
it may be necessary to work with live
electrical
components.
Only
a
qualified
licensed
electrician
or
individual properly trained in handling
live
electrical
components
shall
perform these tasks.
Standard
NFPA-70E,
an
OSHA
regulation requiring an Arc Flash
Boundary to be field established and
marked for identification of where
appropriate
Personal
Protective
Equipment (PPE) be worn, must be
followed.
WARNING
FIRE, EXPLOSION OR CARBON
MONOXIDE POISONING HAZARD
Failure to replace proper controls
could result in fire, explosion or
carbon monoxide poisoning. Failure to
follow safety warnings exactly could
result in serious injury, death or
property damage. Do not store or use
gasoline or other flammable vapors
and liquids in the vicinity of this
appliance.
WARNING
GROUNDING REQUIRED
All field installed wiring must be
completed by qualified personnel.
Field installed wiring must comply with
NEC/CEC, local and state electrical
code requirements. Failure to follow
code requirements could result in
serious injury or death. Provide proper
unit ground in accordance with these
code requirements.
WARNING
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES
Do not leave VFDs unattended in
hand
mode
or
manual
bypass.
Damage to personnel or equipment
can occur if left unattended. When in
hand mode or manual bypass mode
VFDs will not respond to controls or
alarms.
WARNING
Do not use oxygen, acetylene or air in
place of refrigerant and dry nitrogen
for leak testing. A violent explosion
may result causing injury or death.
WARNING
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES
Electric motor over-current protection
and overload protection may be a
function of the Variable Frequency
Drive to which the motors are wired.
Never defeat the VFD motor overload
feature. The overload ampere setting
must not exceed 115% of the electric
motors FLA rating as shown on the
motor nameplate.
CAUTION
PVC PIPING
PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) and CPVC
(Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride) are
vulnerable
to
attack
by
certain
chemicals. Polyolester (POE) oils
used
with
R-410A
and
other
refrigerants, even in trace amounts, in
a PVC or CPVC piping system will
result in stress cracking of the piping
and fittings and complete piping
system failure.
CAUTION
3-PHASE ROTATION
Rotation must be checked on all
MOTORS AND COMPRESSORS of 3
phase units at startup by a qualified
service
technician.
Scroll
compressors are directional and can
be damaged if rotated in the wrong
direction. Compressor rotation must
be
checked
using
suction
and
discharge gauges. Fan motor rotation
must be checked for proper operation.
Alterations must only be made at the
unit power connection
CAUTION
UNIT HANDLING
To prevent injury or death lifting
equipment capacity shall exceed unit
weight by an adequate safety factor.
Always test-lift unit not more than 24
inches high to verify proper center of
gravity lift point to avoid unit damage,
injury or death.
WARNING
DOOR LATCHES
Door
compartments
containing
hazardous voltage or rotating parts
are equipped with door latches that
allow locks. Door latches are shipped
with a nut and bolt requiring tooled
access. If the shipping hardware is not
replaced with a pad lock, always re-
install the nut and bolt after closing the
door to maintain tooled access.
CAUTION
Do not work in an enclosed area
where refrigerant or nitrogen gases
may be leaking. A sufficient quantity of
vapors may be present and cause
injury or death.
WARNING
COMPRESSOR LUBRICANT
Polyolester (POE) and Polyvinylether
(PVE) oils are two types of lubricants
used in hydrofluorocarbon (HFC)
refrigeration systems. Refer to the
compressor label for the proper
compressor lubricant type.
CAUTION
COIL CLEANERS
To prevent damage to the unit, do not
use acidic chemical coil cleaners. Do
not use alkaline chemical coil cleaners
with a pH value greater than 8.5, after
mixing,
without
first
using
an
aluminum corrosion inhibitor in the
cleaning solution.
CAUTION
COIL CLEANERS
Some
chemical
coil
cleaning
compounds are caustic or toxic. Use
these substances only in accordance
with
the
manufacturer’s
usage
instructions.
Failure
to
follow
instructions may result in equipment
damage, injury or death.
WARNING
COIL CLEANING
Do not clean DX refrigerant coils with
hot water or steam. The use of hot
water or steam on refrigerant coils will
cause high pressure inside the coil
tubing and damage to the coil.
CAUTION
CONVENIENCE OUTLETS
Factory installed convenience outlets
are not intended for use while the unit
is operating.
WARNING
1. Startup and service must be performed by
a Factory Trained Service Technician.
2. The unit is for outdoor use only. See
General Information section for more
information.
3. Every unit has a unique equipment
nameplate with electrical, operational,
and
unit
clearance
specifications.
Always refer to the unit nameplate for
specific ratings unique to the model
purchased.
4. READ THE ENTIRE INSTALLATION,
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
MANUAL.
OTHER
IMPORTANT
SAFETY
PRECAUTIONS
ARE
PROVIDED
THROUGHOUT
THIS
MANUAL.
5. Keep this manual and all literature
safeguarded near or on the unit.
COMPRESSOR CYCLING
3 MINUTE MINIMUM OFF TIME
To
prevent
motor
overheating
compressors must cycle off for a
minimum of 3 minutes.
5 MINUTE MINIMUM ON TIME
To maintain the proper oil level
compressors must cycle on for a
minimum of 5 minutes.
The cycle rate must not exceed 7
starts per hour.
WARNING
CL Series Feature String Nomenclature
Model Options
Feature Options
GEN
SIZE
VLT
INT PRT
A1
A2
A3
A4
B1
B2
B3
1A
1B
1C
1D
2
3
4
5A
5B
5C
6A
6B
6C
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14A
14B
CL - 125 - 3 - 0 - B E 0 4 - 0 0 0 : 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 0 - 0 0 0 - 0 0 0 - J A F 0 0 B H - 0 0 -
0 0 0 A 0 0 B 0 B
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
11
CL Series Feature String Nomenclature
MODEL OPTIONS
Series and Generation
CL
Unit Size
045 = 45 Nominal Tons
060 = 60 Nominal Tons
070 = 70 Nominal Tons
075 = 75 Nominal Tons
095 = 95 Nominal Tons
100 = 100 Nominal Tons
110 = 110 Nominal Tons
125 = 125 Nominal Tons
134 = 134 Nominal Tons
135 = 135 Nominal Tons
155 = 155 Nominal Tons
170 = 170 Nominal Tons
190 = 190 Nominal Tons
210 = 210 Nominal Tons
230 = 230 Nominal Tons
Voltage
2 = 230V/3Φ/60Hz
3 = 460V/3Φ/60Hz
4 = 575V/3Φ/60Hz
8 = 208V/3Φ/60Hz
Interior Corrosion Protection
0 = Standard
A1: Cooling - Compressor Style
B = R-410A Dual Circuited Scroll Compressor
R = R-410A Independently Circuited Compressors
A2: Cooling - Condenser Style
A = Air-Cooled Condenser
E = Evaporative Condenser
A3: Cooling - Coating
0 = Standard
B = Polymer E-Coated (Condenser)
A4: Cooling - Staging
2 = 2 Stage
3 = 3 Stage
4 = 4 Stage
6 = 6 Stage
8 = 8 Stage
B1: Heating - Type
0 = No Heat
B2: Heating - Designation
0 = No Heat
B3: Heating - Staging
0 = No Heat
UNIT FEATURE OPTIONS
1A: Blank
0 = Standard
1B: Blank
0 = Standard
1C: Blank
0 = Standard
1D: Blank
0 = Standard
2: Blank
0 = Standard
3: Blank
0 = Standard
4: Blank
0 = Standard
CL Series Feature String Nomenclature
Model Options
Feature Options
GEN
SIZE
VLT
INT PRT
A1
A2
A3
A4
B1
B2
B3
1A
1B
1C
1D
2
3
4
5A
5B
5C
6A
6B
6C
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14A
14B
CL - 125 - 3 - 0 - B E 0 4 - 0 0 0 : 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 0 - 0 0 0 - 0 0 0 - J A F 0 0 B H - 0 0 -
0 0 0 A 0 0 B 0 B
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
12
5A: Blank
0 = Standard
5B: Blank
0 = Standard
5C: Blank
0 = Standard
6A: Blank
0 = Standard
6B: Blank
0 = Standard
6C: Blank
0 = Standard
7: Refrigeration Control
0 = Standard
A = 5 Min Time Delay Relay Off
B = 20 Sec Time Delay Relay
C = 115V Outlet, Field Wired
D = 115V Outlet, Factory Wired
E = Options A + B
F = Options A + C
G = Options A + D
H = Options A + B + C
J = Options A + B + D
K = Options B + C
L = Options B + D
8: Refrigeration Options
0 = Standard
A = Hot Gas Bypass on Lead Stage
D = Hot Gas Bypass on Lead and Lag Stages
9: Refrigeration Accessories
0 = Standard
A = Sight Glass
B = Compressor Isolation Valves
C = Sight Glass + Compressor Isolation Valves
F = Compressor Isolation Valves + Condenser Fan
VFDs
G = Compressor Isolation Valves + Condenser Fan
VFDs + Sight Glass
10: Power Options
0 = Standard Single Point Power Block
A = Single Point Power Non-Fused Disconnect
(250A)
B = Single Point Power Non-Fused Disconnect
(400A)
C = Single Point Power Non-Fused Disconnect
(600A)
D = Single Point Power Non-Fused Disconnect
(800A)
E = Single Point Power Non-Fused Disconnect
(1200A)
11: Blank
0 = Standard
12: Controls
0 = Standard
B = Phase & Brown Out Protection
13: Special Controls
0 = Standard
D = VAV Unit Controller
E = Constant Volume Unit Controller
F = Make up Air Unit Controller
H = Field Installed DDC Controls by Others
J = Factory Installed DDC Controls by Others
CL Series Feature String Nomenclature
Model Options
Feature Options
GEN
SIZE
VLT
INT PRT
A1
A2
A3
A4
B1
B2
B3
1A
1B
1C
1D
2
3
4
5A
5B
5C
6A
6B
6C
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14A
14B
CL - 125 - 3 - 0 - B E 0 4 - 0 0 0 : 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 0 - 0 0 0 - 0 0 0 - J A F 0 0 B H - 0 0 -
0 0 0 A 0 0 B 0 B
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
13
14A: Blank
0 = Standard
14B: Blank
0 = Standard
15: Blank
0 = Standard
16: Blank
0 = Standard
17: Blank
0 = Standard
18: Warranty
0 = Standard Warranty
A = Extended Compressor Warranty Years 2-5
19: Code Options
0 = Standard ETL USA Listing
A = M.E.A. (New York)
D = Chicago - Cool Only
H = ETL USA + Canada Listing
20: Blank
0 = Standard
21: Evaporative Condenser Option
0 = Standard, No Evaporative Condenser
A = Basic Package
B = Low Ambient Package
22: Blank
0 = Standard
23: Paint and Special Pricing Authorization
B = Standard Paint
U = Special Price Authorization and Special Paint
X = Special Price Authorization w/ Standard Paint
All AAON CL Series condensers are factory
assembled, wired, and shipped with a 100 psi
nitrogen holding charge. Models are available for
air-cooled
and
evaporative
condenser
applications.
Unpacking:
When received, check unit for damage that might
have occurred in transit. If damage is found it
must be noted on the carrier’s Freight Bill. A
request for inspection by carrier’s agent must be
made in writing at once.
Also, check the unit nameplate to ensure the
correct model size and voltage have been received
to match the job requirements.
OWNER'S INFORMATION
Warning:
Failure to observe the following instructions will
result in premature failure of your system, and
possible voiding of the warranty.
Never cut off the main power supply to the unit,
except for complete shutdown. When power is cut
off from the unit, any compressors using
crankcase heaters cannot prevent refrigerant
migration. This means the compressor will cool
down, and liquid refrigerant may accumulate in
the compressor. Since the compressor is designed
to pump refrigerant gas, damage may occur when
power is restored.
Before unit operation, the main power switch
must be turned on for at least twenty four hours
for units with compressor crankcase heaters. This
will give the crankcase heater time to clear any
liquid accumulation out of the compressor before
it is required to run.
Always control the system from the thermostat, or
control panel, never at the main power supply
(except for emergency or for complete shutdown
of the system).
Improper installation, adjustment, alteration,
service, or maintenance can cause property
damage, personal injury or loss of life. Installation
and service must be performed by a qualified
installer, service agency or if gas fired units, the
gas supplier. Refer to installation instructions
provided with the unit and this manual.
The compressors must be on a minimum of
5 minutes and off for a minimum of 3 minutes.
The cycle rate must be no more than 7 starts per
hour.
The compressor life will be seriously shortened
by reduced lubrication, and the pumping of
excessive amounts of liquid oil and refrigerant.
QUALIFIED INSTALLER
Improper
installation,
adjustment,
alteration, service or maintenance can
cause property damage, personal injury or
loss of life. Startup and service must be
performed by a Factory Trained Service
Technician. A copy of this IOM must be
kept with the unit.
WARNING
Scroll compressors will be damaged by
operation with the wrong rotation. THE
SUCTION PRESSURE TRANSDUCER
HAS BEEN DISCONNECTED AFTER
TESTING AT THE FACTORY.
The wiring must be reconnected and
proper rotation determined at the time of
start-up by a qualified service technician
using suction and discharge pressure
gauges. Any alteration must be made at
the unit power connection.
WARNING
A complete set of unit specific wiring diagrams in
both ladder and point-to-point form are laminated
in plastic and located inside the control
compartment door.
General Maintenance:
When the initial startup is made and on a periodic
schedule during operation, it is necessary to
perform
routine
service
checks
on
the
performance of the condenser. This includes
reading and recording suction pressures and
checking for normal sub-cooling and superheat.
See the evaporative condenser and air-cooled
condenser sections in this manual for specific
details.
INSTALLATION
Lifting and Handling:
If cables or chains are used to hoist the unit they
must be the same length and care must be taken to
prevent damage to the cabinet.
Before lifting unit, be sure that all shipping
material has been removed from unit. If the unit
includes an evaporative condenser, make sure the
tank is empty before lifting. Secure hooks and
cables at all lifting points/lugs provided on the
unit.
Do not push, pull or lift the unit from anything
other than its base.
UNIT MUST BE RIGGED AT ALL
MARKED LIFTING POINTS (Typical)
Condenser Placement:
The AAON condenser is designed for outdoor
applications and mounting at ground level or on a
rooftop. It must be placed on a level and solid
foundation that has been prepared to support its
weight. When installed at ground level, a one-
piece concrete slab must be used with footings
that extend below the frost line.
With ground level installation, care must be taken
to protect the coil fins from damage due to
vandalism or other causes.
The placement relative to the building air intakes
and other structures must be carefully selected. Be
sure to observe the dimensions that are on the
rating plate of the condenser for operational and
service clearances, which will appear as follows:
Table 1 - Service Clearances
Location
Unit Size
045-135
134-230
Front - Vestibule Door Side
100"
142"
Back - Opposite of Front
100"
142"
Left Side - Condenser End
100"
100"
Right Side - Opposite of Left
100"
100"
Top
UNOBSTRUCTED
Condenser coils and fans must be free of any
obstructions in order to start and operate properly
with a correct amount of airflow.
For proper unit operation, the immediate area
around condenser must remain free of debris that
may be drawn in and obstruct airflow in the
condensing section.
Consideration must be given to obstruction caused
by snow accumulation when placing the unit.
Compressor Compartment Exhaust Fan:
Prior
to
unit
operation
the
compressor
compartment exhaust fan shipping support
MUST BE removed from the exterior of the unit.
The exhaust fan also requires the installation of
the exterior rain hood provided with the unit.
For roof mounted applications or anytime
vibration transmission is a factor, vibration
isolators may be used.
Access Doors:
A lockable access door is provided to the
compressor and electrical compartment.
A light switch is on the wall of the compressor
control compartment.
Standard Evacuation Instructions:
Proper system evacuation is critical to remove
moisture and non-condensables from the system
before charging the system with refrigerant. Use
the following procedure to ensure the entire
system is pulled into a good vacuum.
1. System evacuation must be performed
anytime a system is open to atmospheric
pressure. The POE oils used with R-410A are
extremely
hydroscopic
in
nature
and
immediately begin pulling in moisture once
the system is opened to the atmosphere.
2. Before starting to evacuate the system, you
MUST ensure that there are no leaks by
pressurizing the system with 400 psig of dry
nitrogen and verifying no pressure loss after
one hour.
3. Four valve manifold gauge sets are more
effective than standard manifold gauge sets
due to the extra hose port in combination with
a 3/8’’ evacuation port. The larger diameter
evacuation
port
will
expedite
system
evacuation.
4. Connect
the
manifold
set
to
the
condensing unit with one hose on the suction
line service valve, one hose on the liquid line
service valve and if an extra Schrader valve
is field installed on the suction line, connect
a third hose. Connect the vacuum pump to
the manifold set using a 3/8” vacuum rated
hose.
Figure 1 - CU evacuation connections
5. An accurate micron gauge must be used
and checked by pulling a vacuum on the
gauge by itself and verify a rapid drop to less
than 100 microns within a few minutes.
6. Do not attach the micron gauge to the
system until the gauge manifold is reading
28’’ of vacuum to ensure the micron gauge
does not see pressure and is thus damaged.
MICRON GAUGES WILL BE DAMAGED
BY PRESSURE!!!
7. It is a good practice to replace the vacuum
pump oil after one hour of the evacuation
process. The oil can be broken down in the
pump in the initial first hour causing system
evacuation to take longer than it should.
8. The minimum micron level required by
AAON is 350 microns for systems using POE
oils.
9. The system must then be isolated and the
pump turned off to check for vacuum rise due
to leaks or moisture in the system. The
micron
gauge
must
not
rise
above
500 microns after 30 minutes of wait time.
Low Ambient & Modulating Reheat System
Evacuation Instructions:
Proper system evacuation is critical to remove
moisture and non-condensables from the system
before charging the system with refrigerant.
Systems with low ambient flooded condenser
option require the following procedure to ensure
the entire system is pulled into a good vacuum.
1. Perform system evacuation anytime a
system is open to atmospheric pressure. The
POE oils used with R-410A are extremely
hydroscopic in nature and immediately begin
pulling in moisture once the system is opened
to the atmosphere.
2. Open the reheat valve to 50% when
evacuating.
3. Before starting to evacuate the system, you
MUST ensure that there are no leaks by
pressurizing the system with 400 psig of dry
nitrogen and verifying no pressure loss after
one hour.
4. Four valve manifold gauge sets are more
effective than standard manifold gauge sets
due to the extra hose port in combination with
a 3/8’’ evacuation port. The larger diameter
evacuation
port
will
expedite
system
evacuation.
5. Connect
the
manifold
set
to
the
condensing unit with one hose on the suction
line service valve, one hose on the liquid line
service valve, and a third hose on the reheat
line service valve. Connect the vacuum
pump to the manifold set using a 3/8” vacuum
rated hose. Figure 2 shows two circuits. The
first circuit has a reheat line, the second
circuit is just the suction and liquid line.
Figure 2 - CU evacuation connections
6. FAILURE to connect to the liquid line
service valve will result in the receiver tank
not being fully evacuated and most likely
lead to non-condensables in the system.
7. An accurate micron gauge must be used
and checked by pulling a vacuum on the
gauge by itself and verify a rapid drop to less
than 100 microns within a few minutes.
8. Do not attach the micron gauge to the
system until the gauge manifold is reading
28’’ of vacuum to ensure the micron gauge
does not see pressure and is thus damaged.
MICRON GAUGES WILL BE DAMAGED
BY PRESSURE!!!
9. Attach the micron gauge to the system on
the reheat line where it enters the air handler
unit. See Figure 3 below.
Figure 3 - AHU evacuation connections
10. It is a good practice to replace the vacuum
pump oil after one hour of the evacuation
process. The oil can be broken down in the
pump in the initial first hour causing system
evacuation to take longer than it should.
11. The minimum micron level required by
AAON is 350 microns for systems using POE
oils.
12. The system must then be isolated and the
pump turned off to check for vacuum rise due
to leaks or moisture in the system. The
micron
gauge
must
not
rise
above
500 microns after 30 minutes of wait time.
Charging Refrigerant:
Charging a system in the field must be based on
determination
of
liquid
sub-cooling
and
evaporator superheat. On a system with a
thermostatic expansion valve liquid sub-cooling is
more representative of the charge than evaporator
superheat but both measurements must be taken.
Before Charging:
Refer to the Unit Nameplate to determine the
proper refrigerant to charge the system with.
The unit being charged must be at or near full load
conditions before adjusting the charge.
Units equipped with hot gas bypass must have the
hot gas bypass valve closed to get the proper
charge.
Units equipped with hot gas reheat must be
charged with the hot gas valve closed while the
unit is in cooling mode.
After adding or removing charge the system must
be allowed to stabilize, typically 10-15 minutes,
before making any other adjustments.
The type of unit and options determine the ranges
for liquid sub-cooling and evaporator superheat.
Refer to Table 2 when determining the proper sub-
cooling.
The vertical rise of the liquid line must be known
in order to adjust the sub-cooling range for proper
charge.
Units equipped with low ambient (0°F) option see
special charging instructions at the end of the
charging instructions.
CLEAN AIR ACT
The Clean Air Act of 1990 bans the
intentional venting of refrigerant as of July
1, 1992. Approved methods of recovery,
recycling, or reclaiming must be followed.
WARNING
Reheat Line on the
Outside of the Air
Handler
Checking Liquid Sub-cooling:
1. Measure the temperature of the liquid line
as it leaves the condenser coil.
2. Read the gauge pressure reading of the
liquid line close to the point where the
temperature was taken. You must use liquid
line pressure as it will vary from discharge
pressure due to condenser coil pressure drop.
3. Convert the pressure obtained in Step 2 to
a saturated temperature using the appropriate
refrigerant temperature-pressure chart.
4. Subtract
the
measured
liquid
line
temperature in Step 1 from the saturated
temperature in Step 3 to determine the liquid
sub-cooling.
5. Compare calculated sub-cooling to Table
2 for the appropriate unit type and options.
Checking Evaporator Superheat:
1. Measure the temperature of the suction
line close to the evaporator.
2. Read gauge pressure at the suction line
close to the evaporator.
3. Convert the pressure obtained in Step 2 to
a saturated temperature using the appropriate
refrigerant temperature-pressure chart.
4. Subtract the saturated temperature in
Step 3 from the measured suction line
temperature in Step 1 to determine the
evaporator superheat.
5. Compare calculated superheat to Table 2
for the appropriate unit type and options.
Table 2 - Acceptable Refrigerant Circuit Values
Sub-
cooling
(°F)
Superheat
(°F)
Sub-cooling
W/Hot Gas
Reheat (°F)
Air Cooled
Condenser
8-15*
8-15**
5-15*
Evaporative
Cooled
Condenser
6-10*
8-15**
8-12*
Water
Cooled
Condenser
6-10*
8-15**
8-12*
* Sub-cooling must be increased by 1°F per
10 feet of vertical liquid line rise for R-410A
** Superheat will increase with long suction line
runs.
The system is undercharged if:
1. The superheat is too high and
2. The sub-cooling is too low
Correct an undercharged system by adding
refrigerant to the system to reduce superheat and
raise sub-cooling.
If the sub-cooling is correct and the superheat is
too high, the TXV may need adjustment to correct
the superheat.
Refrigerant overcharging leads to excess
refrigerant in condenser coils resulting in
elevated compressor discharge pressure.
DO NOT OVERCHARGE!
CAUTION
Special Low Ambient Charging Instructions:
For units equipped with low ambient refrigerant
flood back option being charged in the summer
when the ambient temperature is warm:
If the ambient is above 70°F, charge to
approximately 1-2°F of sub-cooling measured at
the inlet to the expansion valve. Once enough
charge has been added to get the evaporator
superheat and sub-cooling values to the correct
setting more charge must be added. Add the
calculated charge amount to flood the condenser
coil. The additional charge is required for the
system when running in cold ambient conditions.
Contact Technical Support for this charge amount.
AAON Technical Support
Ph: (918) 382-6450
[email protected]
For units equipped with low ambient refrigerant
flood back option being charged in the winter
when the ambient temperature is cold:
1. If the ambient is below 70°F, charge to
approximately
1-2°F
of
sub-cooling
measured at the inlet to the expansion valve.
Once enough charge has been added to get
the evaporator superheat and sub-cooling
values to the correct setting, more charge may
need to be added. If the ambient temperature
is 0°F, no more charge is required. If the
ambient temperature is between 0°F and
70°F, multiply the charge amount needed at
70°F ambient (call AAON Technical Support
to get this value) by the percentage below that
corresponds to the ambient temperature. The
result is the additional charge that must be
added to the circuit.
Table 3 - % Charge to Flood Condenser Coil for
Ambient Below 70°F
Condenser
Ambient
Temperature °F
% of flooded charge
needed
at
70°F
ambient
60
60%
50
37%
40
24%
30
15%
20
8%
0
0%
2. Check the unit for proper operation once
the ambient temperature is above 80°F.
Low Ambient Operation:
The AAON low ambient (condenser flood-back)
system is used to operate a refrigerant system
below 35°F outside air temperature. As the
ambient temperature drops, the condenser
becomes more effective therefore lowering the
head pressure. When the head pressure gets too
low, there will be insufficient pressure to operate
the expansion valve properly. During low
ambient temperatures, it is difficult to start a
system because the refrigerant will migrate to the
cold part of the system (condenser) and make it
difficult for refrigerant to flow.
The AAON low ambient system maintains normal
head pressure during periods of low ambient by
restricting liquid flow from the condenser to the
receiver, and at the same time bypassing hot gas
around the condenser to the inlet of the receiver.
This backs liquid refrigerant up into the condenser
reducing its capacity that in turn increases the
condensing pressure. At the same time the
bypassed hot gas raises liquid pressure in the
receiver, allowing the system to operate properly.
There are different types of low ambient control
used. The following describe the different
systems. Inspect the unit to determine the system
used.
The LAC valve is a non-adjustable three way
valve that modulates to maintain receiver
pressure. As the receiver pressure drops below the
valve setting (180 psig for R-22 and 295 psig for
R-410A), the valve modulates to bypass discharge
gas around the condenser. The discharge gas
warms the liquid in the receiver and raises the
pressure to the valve setting. The following
schematic shows an example system using the
LAC valve.
Figure 4 - Piping Schematic of Example system using the LAC valve
The single point electrical power connections are made in the electrical control compartment.
Verify the unit nameplate agrees with the power supply. Connect power and control field wiring as
shown on the unit wiring diagram provided with the unit.
Table 4 - Nameplate Voltage Markings & Tolerances
Hz
Nameplate
Voltage
Nominal
System
Voltage
Operating Voltage
Range 1
Acceptable
Performance Range2
Min
Max
Min
Max
60
115
120
104
127
108
126
208/230
208/240
187
254
187
252
208
208
187
228
187
228
230
240
208
254
216
252
265
277
240
293
249
291
460
480
416
508
432
504
575
600
520
635
540
630
50
230
230
198
254
208
254
400
400
344
440
360
440
Notes:
1. Operating voltage is the min and max voltage for which the unit can function. Never
operate outside of this min and max voltage.
2. The Acceptable Performance Range is the min and max voltage for which the unit
performance is designed and rated to give acceptable performance.
Route power and control wiring, separately,
through the utility entry. Do not run power and
signal wires in the same conduit.
Size supply conductors based on the unit MCA
rating. Supply conductors must be rated a
minimum of 167°F (75°C).
Protect the branch circuit in accordance with code
requirements. The unit must be electrically
grounded in accordance with local codes, or in the
absence of local codes, the current National
Electric Code, ANSI/NFPA 70 or the current
Canadian Electrical Code CSA C22.1.
NOTE: Units are factory wired for 208V, 230V,
460V, or 575V. In some units, the 208V and 230V
options may also be provided in single or three
phase
configurations.
The
transformer
configuration must be checked by a qualified
technician prior to startup.
ELECTRIC SHOCK
Electric
shock
hazard.
Before
attempting to perform any installation,
service, or maintenance, shut off all
electrical power to the unit at the
disconnect switches. Unit may have
multiple power supplies. Failure to
disconnect power could result in
dangerous operation, serious injury,
death or property damage.
WARNING
Power wiring is to the unit terminal block or main
disconnect. All wiring beyond this point has been
done by the manufacturer and cannot be modified
without
affecting
the
unit's
agency/safety
certification.
All units require field supplied electrical
overcurrent and short circuit protection. Device
must not be sized larger than the Maximum
Overcurrent Protection (MOP) shown on the unit
nameplate.
Supply voltage must be within the min/max range
shown on the unit nameplate. Available short
circuit current must not exceed the short circuit
current rating (SCCR) shown on the unit
nameplate.
Three phase voltage imbalance will cause motor
overheating and premature failure. The maximum
allowable imbalance is 2%.
Voltage imbalance is defined as 100 times the
maximum deviation from the average voltage
divided by the average voltage.
Example:
(221V+230V+227V)/3 = 226V, then 100*(226V-
221V)/226V = 2.2%, which exceeds the allowable
imbalance.
Check voltage imbalance at the unit disconnect
switch and at the compressor terminal. Contact
your local power company for line voltage
corrections.
NOTE: Startup technician must check for proper
motor rotation and check fan motor amperage
listed on the motor nameplate is not exceeded.
Motor overload protection may be a function of
the variable frequency drive and must not be
bypassed.
Wire control signals to the unit’s low voltage
terminal block located in the controls
compartment.
3-PHASE ROTATION
Rotation must be checked on all
MOTORS AND COMPRESSORS of
three phase units. Condenser fan
motors must be checked by a qualified
service technician at startup and any
wiring alteration must only be made at
the unit power connection. Variable
frequency drives are programmed to
automatically rotate the fan in the
correct rotation. Do not rely on fans
with variable frequency drives for
compressor rotation.
CAUTION
SEALING ELECTRICAL ENTRIES
Installing Contractor is responsible for
proper sealing of the electrical entries
into the unit. Failure to seal the entries
may result in damage to the unit and
property.
CAUTION
Three phase voltage imbalance will
cause
motor
overheating
and
premature failure.
CAUTION
Refrigerant Piping Connections:
CL
condensing
unit
refrigerant
piping
connections are located in the upper corner of the
service vestibule side of the unit (opposite the
condenser section) as shown in Figure 5.
The piping connections are protected with a
shipping cover that must be removed prior to
copper connection and installation.
Figure 5 - Refrigerant Piping Connections
Evaporative
Condenser
Field
Piping
Connections:
There are two field water connections that must be
made for the evaporative condenser. There is a
¾” PVC socket city make-up water connection
and a 2” PVC socket drain connection (as shown
on the next page). Connect this drain to a sanitary
sewer or other code permitted drain. These
connections can go through the base or the wall of
the unit.
There is a cutout in the base with a cap that is 1”
tall and the cap is sealed to the unit base to prevent
any leaks in the unit from penetrating into the
building. Any piping through the base must go
through a field cutout in this cap. The pipes must
be sealed to the cap once the piping is complete to
prevent any leaks in the unit from penetrating into
the building.
A field cutout must be made in the wall if the
evaporative condenser piping is to go through the
unit wall. This cutout must be sealed once the
piping is installed to prevent water from leaking
into the unit.
After the installation and immediately before the
startup of the condenser be sure that these items
have been checked.
1. Verify that electrical power is available to
the unit.
2. Verify that any remote stop/start device is
requesting the condenser to start.
While performing the Startup, use the Condensing
Startup Form at the back of this booklet to record
motor amps and any other comments.
Startup:
Use the General Check List at the top of the
Startup Form to make a last check that all the
components are in place and the power supply is
energized.
Note: Condensing fan operation should start
with the first compressor.
Cycle through all the compressors to confirm that
all are operating within tolerance.
When unit is running, observe the system for a
complete operation cycle to verify that all systems
are functioning properly.
While performing the check, use the Condenser
Startup Form to record observations of amps and
refrigerant pressures.
When all is running properly, place the controller
in the Run mode and observe the system until it
reaches a steady state of operation.
Before leaving installation, a complete
operating cycle must be observed to
verify
that
all
components
are
functioning properly.
COMPRESSOR ROTATION
Scroll compressors are directional and
will be damaged by operation in the
wrong direction. Low pressure switches
on
compressors
have
been
disconnected
after
factory
testing.
Rotation must be checked by a qualified
service technician at startup using
suction and discharge pressure gauges
and any wiring alteration must only be
made at the unit power connection.
3-PHASE ROTATION
Rotation must be checked on all
MOTORS AND COMPRESSORS of
three phase units. Condenser fan motors
must all be checked by a qualified
service technician at startup and any
wiring alteration must only be made at
the unit power connection. Variable
frequency drives are programmed to
automatically rotate the fan in the correct
rotation. Do not rely on fans with
variable frequency drives for compressor
rotation.
CAUTION
CAUTION
CAUTION
Axial Flow Fans:
Multi-Wing Z Series Aluminum Fan Blade
Pitch Angle Setting Instructions:
Before You Begin, to maintain balance of fan:
1. Mark the hub castings across a joint, so the
fan hub can be reassembled in the same
orientation.
2. Mark the location of any balancing weight.
Balancing weight will be on the outer bolt
circle, in the form of washers, and/or longer
bolts, or an additional balancing nut.
3. Number the blades and blade sockets, so
that they are replaced into their original
position.
4. If possible, note the location of the pitch
setting pin in the blade socket, and whether
pin is located in the Hub or Retainer half of
the fan.
Step 1. Determine Boss Location Code: “A” or
“B” The boss is the center section of the hub
through which the fan is mounted to the shaft, and
typically contains either setscrews or a center-
tapered hole where the bushing inserts.
Select boss location A or B:
A is the boss on air inlet, including AS
configurations.
B is the boss on air discharge, including BS.
For flange mounted fans, use boss location A for
R rotation fans, and boss location B for L rotation
fans.
Step 2. Find Blade Pitch Angle:
( 20, 25, 27.5, 30, 32.5, 35, 37.5, 40, 45 or 50 )
• Carefully disassemble fan on flat surface and
note in which groove the pin is located. Refer
to groove number code diagram.
• Using diagrams in step 5, determine if the pin
was in the hub (HUB) or retainer side (RET)
of fan.
• Using table in step 4, find the possible blade
pitch.
• Using table in step 3, select your blade angle
based on whether your pin was in the HUB or
RET.
Step 3. Determine Hub/Retainer Code: “HUB” or
“RET”
Step 4. - Determine Groove Number: 1 or 2 or 3
or 4
Step 5. Final Assembly
Definition of HUB and RET for purposes of
instructions. For 2-piece hubset:
Using the HUB or RET code found in Step 3:
If code is HUB, place the hub down on work
surface first (one or two pieces, depending on
above).
If code is RET, place one retainer ring only
down on the work surface first. (A weighted
coffee can could be used to elevate the fan from
the work surface).
Using the groove number, place the locking pin
in the groove number that was found in Step 4.
Insert Blades:
Place the blade over the pin in the hub/retainer
blade socket, so that the pin also fits into the
appropriate pitch angle groove in the blade.
Repeat for all blades.
Assemble hub set together, aligning the match
marks that were made.
Replace any balancing weight to its original
position.
To finish, tighten the bolts in a cross pattern to 5
to 6 ft-lbs of torque.
Multi-Wing W Series Black Glass Reinforced
Polypropylene Fan Blade Pitch Angle Setting
Instructions:
Step 1. Note original position of retaining plates,
center boss and all hardware including additional
hardware used for balancing.
Step 2. Remove all the bolts and nuts.
Step 3. Determine blade rotation – on the concave
side of the blade is a blade marking showing
6WR, 6WL, 7WL, 7WR, or 9WR. The “L” and
“R” denote the rotation of the blade.
Step 4. Replace the pitch insert in the blade root
with an insert of the desired pitch.
Step 5. Replace blades to their original location.
Step 6. Replace all nuts, bolts, and washers on the
fan hub.
Step 7. Replace retaining plates and center boss to
original location.
Step 8. Tighten nuts and bolts to 14 ft-lbs of
torque.
SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
General:
Qualified technicians must perform routine
service checks and maintenance. This includes
reading and recording the condensing and suction
pressures and checking for normal sub-cooling
and superheat (see Charging Refrigerant:).
Air-cooled and evaporative condenser units
require
different
maintenance
schedules/procedures. Unit specific instructions
for both types are included in this manual.
Compressors:
The scroll compressors are fully hermetic and
require no maintenance except keeping the shell
clean.
Refrigerant Suction Line Filter:
Each refrigerant circuit contains a replaceable
core suction line filter. One month after start-
up, remove the filter element.
The replaceable core suction filters are provided
with pressure taps and shutoff valves for isolation
when removing the filter. For safety purposes a
service manifold must be attached prior to filter
maintenance.
Suction Filter Removal Instructions
1. Shut down operation of the unit
2. Close both shut-off valves to isolate the
suction filter
3. Reclaim the refrigerant from the suction
filter section
4. Remove the bolts from the suction filter
end plate
5. Remove the pleated filter assembly
6. Replace the suction filter end plate and
bolts
7. Evacuate the suction filter assembly to
500 microns
8. Open both shut-off valves
Prior to filter core service, a service
manifold MUST BE attached to in and
out pressure connections to assure no
pressure
exists
during
filter
maintenance. Non-compliance could
result in injury or violation of EPA
regulations.
Service gauges MUST BE connected
before operating the isolation valves
for the replaceable core filter.
WARNING
WARNING
Refrigerant Liquid Line Filter Driers:
Each refrigerant circuit contains a replaceable
core filter drier. Replace when there is excessive
pressure drop across the assembly or moisture is
indicated in a liquid line sight glass.
Table 5 - Liquid Line Filter Drier Pressure Drop
The filter driers are provided with pressure taps
and shutoff valves for isolation when changing the
core. For safety purposes a service manifold must
be attached prior to filter maintenance.
Evaporator/Heat Exchangers:
Normally no maintenance or service work will be
required for a matching direct expansion
evaporator with a thermal expansion valve to
regulate refrigerant.
Lubrication:
All original motors and bearings are furnished
with an original factory charge of lubrication.
Certain applications require bearings be re-
lubricated periodically. The schedule will vary
depending on operating duty, temperature
changes, or severe atmospheric conditions.
Re-lubricate
bearings
at
normal
operating
temperatures, but not when running.
Rotate the fan shaft by hand and add only enough
grease
to
purge
the
seals.
DO
NOT
OVERLUBRICATE.
Service Information:
If the unit will not operate correctly and a service
company is required, only a company with service
technicians qualified and experienced in both
condensing units and air conditioning are
permitted to service the systems to keep
warranties in effect. If assistance is required, the
service technician must contact AAON.
Replacement Parts:
Parts for AAON equipment may be obtained from
your local AAON representative. When ordering
parts reference the unit serial number and part
number.
AAON Technical Support
2424 S. Yukon Ave.
Tulsa, OK 74107
Ph: (918) 382-6450
[email protected]
www.AAON.com
Note: Before calling, technician must have model
and serial number of the unit available for the
service department to help answer questions
regarding the unit
Prior to filter core service, a service
manifold MUST BE attached to in and out
pressure
connections
to
assure
no
pressure exists during filter maintenance.
Non-compliance could result in injury or
violation of EPA regulations.
Service gauges MUST BE connected
before operating the isolation valves for
the replaceable core filter.
WARNING
WARNING
EVAPORATIVE CONDENSER - GENERAL
Evaporative cooling equipment rejects heat by
evaporating a portion of the recirculated water
spray and discharging it from the unit with the hot,
saturated air. As the spray water evaporates, it
leaves behind the mineral content and impurities
of the supply water. If these residuals are not
purged from the water distribution system, they
will become concentrated and lead to scaling,
corrosion, sludge build-up and biological fouling.
A water treatment monitoring and control system
has been furnished with this unit. Be sure to read
the complete manual that has been furnished. All
water treatment is a combination of bleed water
and chemical treatment for proper control of the
residuals
and
to
prevent
any
biological
contamination.
Severe Service:
The following maintenance procedures are basic
requirements for normal operating environments.
For severe operating conditions, the frequency of
inspection and service must be increased. Air
containing industrial and chemical fumes, salt,
dust, or other airborne contaminates and
particulates will be absorbed by the recirculating
water system and may form solutions and deposits
harmful to the products and personnel.
Safety:
The recirculating water system contains chemical
additives for water quality control and biological
contaminants removed from the air by the
washing action of the water. Personnel exposed to
the saturated effluent, drift, or direct contact must
use proper precaution. Proper location of the
evaporative condenser requires good judgment to
prevent the air discharge from entering fresh air
intakes or to avoid allowing contaminated
building exhaust from entering the condenser.
Follow local and national codes in locating the
evaporative condenser but as minimum the
evaporative condenser sump must be 15 feet from
the nearest intake.
Batch-loading chemicals into the unit IS
NOT PERMITTED. The control system
must regulate the chemical feed.
The evaporative condenser must be
thoroughly cleaned on a regular basis to
minimize the growth of bacteria, including
Legionella Pneumophila, to avoid the risk
of sickness or death. Service personnel
must wear proper personal protective
equipment. DO NOT ATTEMPT ANY
SERVICE UNLESS THE FAN MOTOR IS
LOCKED OUT.
WARNING
WARNING
Improper location of the evaporative condenser
may seriously degrade the capacity of the
equipment. Make sure the equipment is located
such that discharge air from the condenser does
not enter the condenser air inlet.
Warranties:
Please refer to the limitation of warranties in
effect at the time of purchase.
Condenser Tube Inspection:
The coil is leak tested at 450 psig before shipment.
AAON will not be responsible for loss of
refrigerant. It is the responsibility of the installer
to verify that the system is sealed before charging
with refrigerant. If the unit is operated during low
ambient temperature conditions, freeze protection
for the recirculating water system must be
provided.
Freeze Protection:
In order to prevent water temperatures from
dropping below 50°F, this unit is equipped with a
variable frequency drive (VFD) on the fan motors
when the refrigeration system is operating.
Recirculating Water System:
Electric sump heaters are available to keep the
sump water from freezing when the refrigeration
system is not operating. An electric resistance
heater is supplied in the vestibule when sump
heaters are selected.
Note: The condenser must not be operated with
the fan on and the pump cycled on and off to
maintain head pressure control under any
conditions. The unit is equipped with a water
temperature controller which varies fan speed
to maintain sump water temperature. This unit
is not equipped with a compressor discharge
pressure controller for fan speed modulation
and therefore must not be operated without
water flow.
EVAPORATIVE CONDENSER - PRE
START-UP
Do not start the evaporative condenser or
compressors without installation of proper water
treatment chemicals. Contact your local water
treatment expert for correct selection of water
treatment chemical, adjustment of chemical feed
and bleed rates.
Reverse osmosis and deionized water is corrosive
and cannot be used on the CL evaporative cooled
condensing units.
Cleanliness:
Dirt and debris may accumulate in the sump
during shipping and storage. Clean the sump prior
to start-up to prevent clogging the water
distribution system. Any surfaces that show
contamination must be cleaned ONLY with a
commercial stainless steel cleaner to restore the
initial appearance. Inspect the inlet screens for
foreign material.
Pump Operation:
Before initial start of the pump, check as follows:
1. Be sure that pump operates in the direction
indicated by the arrow on the pump casing.
Check rotation each time motor leads have
been disconnected.
2. Check all connections of motor and
starting device with wiring diagram. Check
voltage, phase and frequency of line circuit
with motor name plate.
3. Check suction and discharge piping and
pressure gauges for proper operation.
4. Turn rotating element by hand to assure
that it rotates freely.
Running:
Periodically inspect pump while running, but
especially after initial start-up and after repairs.
1. Check pump and piping for leaks. Repair
immediately.
2. Record pressure gauge readings for future
reference.
3. Record voltage, amperage per phase, and
kW.
Condenser Fan Motors:
The direct-drive condenser motors on AAON
evaporative condensers are 1200-rpm premium
efficiency motors controlled by a VFD. These
motors are totally enclosed air over motors with
weep holes in the bottom end bell so that any
condensation can drain out of the motor.
The motors have a small electric resistance heater
installed inside the casing to keep the motors
warm when they are deactivated. The heaters are
designed to keep the interior of the motor 10°F
warmer
than
the
surrounding
ambient
temperature. This prevents condensation from
forming inside the motor.
Ensure that fan is tightly mounted to the motor
shaft and the motor mounting bolts are aligned
and secure.
Water Make-up Valve:
The sump water level is controlled by a set of
conductivity probes at different levels in the
sump. This water level controller is located in the
vestibule behind the condenser pump. There are
four conductivity probes in this controller. There
is a reference probe (shown as “ref” on the wiring
diagram). This probe is one of the two longest
probes. The other long probe is the low water
level probe (shown as “lo” on the wiring diagram).
The medium length probe is for the medium water
level (shown as “med” on the wiring diagram).
The short probe is for the high
water level (shown as “hi” on the wiring diagram).
There is a solenoid valve in the make-up water
line that is activated by the water level controller.
The water level controller determines the level of
water in the sump based on conductivity between
two probes. If the controller sees conductivity
between two probes, it knows that water is at least
at the level of that probe.
If the water in the sump is below the low probe, it
will not allow the condenser pump or the sump
heater to operate. It will activate the make-up
water solenoid to try to fill the sump assuming
water is flowing to the unit. Once water is above
the low probe, it will allow the condenser pump
and sump heater (if ordered and the ambient
temperature is below 40°F) to operate. The make-
up water solenoid will remain activated until
water gets to the high water level.
The make-up water solenoid will deactivate until
water gets to the medium water level. In normal
operation, the water level will swing between the
medium and high water levels. The maximum
high water level is 1” below the overflow drain
which occurs after the make-up water valve shuts
off when the water level reaches the high level
probe.
Figure 7 - Water Level Sensor
Maintain make-up water supply pressure between
15 and 60 psig for proper operation of the valve.
Inspect the make-up water valve assembly
monthly and adjust as required. Replace the valve
seat if leakage occurs when the valve is in the
closed position.
Water Treatment System:
All
AAON
evaporative
condensers
come
equipped with a water treatment system that must
be maintained by a local water treatment
professional trained in the water treatment of
evaporative condensers. This system consists of a
controller, three chemical pumps and storage
tanks, a conductivity sensor, a motorized ball
valve for water bleed, and a water meter.
One chemical pump and tank is typically used for
a descaling chemical to prevent scale from
forming in the condenser. The other two pumps
and tanks are typically used for two different
biocides (to kill any microorganisms that could
grow in the condenser). Two biocides are used to
prevent organisms from becoming resistant to one
chemical.
The mineral content of the water must be
controlled. All make-up water has minerals in it.
As water is evaporated from the condenser, these
minerals remain.
As the mineral content of the water increases, the
conductivity of the water increases. The water
treatment controller monitors this conductivity.
As the water conductivity rises above set point,
the controller will open a motorized ball valve on
the discharge side of the condenser pump and
dumps water into the condenser drain until
conductivity is lowered. While the motorized ball
valve is opened, the controller will not disperse
chemicals.
The chemicals are dispersed by the water
treatment controller based on the scheduled input
by the water treatment professional. (See the
separate manual for the water treatment controls
for specific programming information.)
The water meter measures the quantity of make-
up water used by the condenser.
Any water treatment program must be compatible
with stainless steel, copper, aluminum, ABS
plastic and PVC. Batch feed processes must never
be used as concentrated chemicals can cause
corrosion. Never use hydrochloric acid (muriatic
acid) as it will corrode stainless steel.
Sequence of Operation:
On a call for cooling, the condenser pump is
activated. A pressure switch in the pump
discharge is bypassed for six seconds by a time
delay relay in order for the pump to establish
recirculating water flow. If flow is not proven
within the six seconds, the pressure switch opens,
breaking the safety circuit, thereby shutting down
the entire system. This pressure switch is set to
close at 3 psi and open at 1 psi.
A Johnson Controls S350C measures the water
temperature in the pump discharge line. If the
sump water temperature exceeds 105°F, the
cooling system will be shut down thereby
preventing damage to the evaporative condenser.
If a fault occurs in the evaporative condenser fan
motor VFD, normally closed fault terminals on
the VFD will interrupt the safety circuit, thereby
shutting down the system.
If the VFD does fault and cannot be reset, there is
a VFD bypass switch mounted near the VFD.
This switch has four positions—line, off, drive,
and test. The “line” position will bypass the VFD,
sending power to the motor. In this position, the
condenser fans will run at full speed. The “off”
position will not allow power to pass through the
switch. This functions as a disconnect switch.
The “drive” position runs power through the VFD.
This is the normal operation for the switch. The
“test” position routes power to the VFD but not to
the motor. This is useful for running tests on the
VFD without sending power to the motor.
A Johnson Controls A350P controls the VFD
speed. This device sends a 0-10 VDC signal to
the VFD. This controller is set to maintain a sump
temperature of 70°F. On a rise in sump
temperature, the controller increases the voltage to
the VFD, increasing the speed of the condenser
fans. Conversely, on a drop in sump temperature,
the controller will decrease the voltage to the
VFD, decreasing the speed of the condenser fans.
An outside air thermostat does not allow the
condenser
to
operate
when
the
ambient
temperature is below 35°F.
EVAPORATIVE CONDENSER -
MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
Pump Maintenance:
Cleaning - Remove oil, dust, water, and chemicals
from exterior of motor and pump. Keep motor air
inlet and outlet open. Blow out interior of open
motors with clean compressed air at low pressure.
Labeled Motors - It is imperative for repair of a
motor with Underwriters’ Laboratories label that
original clearances be held; that all plugs, screws,
other hardware be fastened securely, and that parts
replacements be exact duplicates or approved
equals. Violation of any of the above invalidates
Underwriters’ Label.
Fan Motor Maintenance:
Same as pump maintenance
Access Doors:
If scale deposits or water is found around the
access doors, adjust door for tightness. Adjust as
necessary until leaking stops when door is closed.
Bearings - Lubrication:
Every 6 months or after a prolonged shut down.
Use waterproof, lithium based grease. Below 32°F
- Esso Exxon or Beacon 325. Above 32°F – Mobil
Mobilox EP2, Shell Alvania EP2 or Texaco RB2.
Required Monthly Inspection:
1. Clean sump section interior. Dirt and other
impurities which have accumulated in the
sump must be removed from the sump area.
Shut off make-up water ball valve and open
the drain connection for flushing of the sump.
2. Clean dirt out of sump using a water hose
(not a pressure washer).
3. Clean sump suction strainer.
4. Check water operating level. Adjust float
as required.
5. Inspect fan motor(s) and water circulation
pump(s) and lubricate per the lubrication
nameplate
or
manufacture’s
recommendations.
6. Inspect
axial
fans
and
eliminators
removing any debris which may have
accumulated during operation.
7. Inspect the water distribution system to
insure that nozzles and spray orifices are
functioning correctly. The inspection must be
made with the circulation pump on and fans
off.
Mist Eliminators:
The mist eliminators must be correctly positioned
when they are replaced during cleaning or service.
Air Inlet:
Inspect the air inlet louvers and mist eliminators
into the condenser section on a monthly basis to
remove any paper, leaves or other debris that may
block the airflow.
Stainless Steel Base Pan:
The base pan under the tube bundles is stainless
steel and may sometimes become tarnished due to
contamination. Inspect these surfaces annually to
ensure they remain clean of any contamination
that may result in damage. Any surfaces that show
contamination must be cleaned ONLY with a
commercial stainless steel cleaner to restore the
initial appearance.
Propeller Fans and Motors:
The fans are directly mounted on the motor shafts
and the assemblies require minimal maintenance
except to assurance they are clear of dirt or debris
that would impede the airflow.
Required Annual Inspection:
In addition to the above maintenance activities, a
general inspection of the unit surface must be
completed at least once a year. Remove spray
header and flush out.
Cleaning:
Mechanical cleaning, including pressure washing,
must never be performed as surfaces and seals
could be damaged. Chemical cleaning that is safe
for stainless steel, copper, aluminum, ABS plastic
and PVC is the only acceptable means of cleaning
the evaporative condenser. A proper water
treatment program should reduce cleaning needs.
EVAPORATIVE CONDENSER -
WATER QUALITY
Recirculating Water Quality Guidelines:
Table 6 - Water Quality
Cycles of concentration (the ratio of dissolved
solids in recirculated water to dissolved solids in
make-up), must be determined and monitored
frequently by a competent water treatment expert.
To limit cycles of concentration to maintain the
above guideline, it is necessary to “bleed” a
certain portion of the recirculated water. This is
achieved automatically with a solenoid valve
actuated by a conductivity meter set at the desired
conductivity corresponding to the desired cycles
of concentration. These are guidelines and even
though these individual values are met, under
certain conditions the water quality can be
aggressive. For example, water with very low
alkalinity and levels of chlorides and sulfates
approaching maximum recommended levels can
be corrosive.
Mechanical Cleaning:
Do not attempt to mechanically clean the copper
tubing in the evaporative condenser. Do not use
wire brushes or any other mechanical device on
the copper tubing. Severe damage may result.
Contact
your
water
treatment
expert
for
recommendations
on
chemical
cleaning
procedures.
Parts:
Contact your local AAON Representative for
factory authorized parts. Orders must include the
Serial Number from the product nameplate OR
visit www.aaonparts.com for more information.
AIR-COOLED CONDENSER
The air-cooled condenser section rejects heat by
passing outdoor air over the fin tube coils for
cooling of the hot refrigerant gas from the
compressors. The heated air will discharge from
the top of the section through the axial flow fans.
Inspect the condenser coils annually to ensure
unrestricted airflow. If the installation has a large
amount of airborne dust or other material, clean
the condenser coils with a water spray in a
direction opposite to airflow. Care must be taken
to prevent bending of the aluminum fins on the
copper tube.
E-Coated Coil Cleaning
Documented routine cleaning of e-coated coils is
required to maintain coating warranty coverage
for fin and tube and microchannel coils. See the
AAON E-Coated Coil Maintenance Record
sheet.
Surface loaded fibers or dirt must be removed
prior to water rinse to prevent restriction of
airflow. If unable to back wash the side of the coil
opposite of the coils entering air side, then
surface loaded fibers or dirt must be removed
with a vacuum cleaner. If a vacuum cleaner is not
available, a soft non-metallic bristle brush may
be used. In either case, the tool must be applied
in the direction of the fins. Coil surfaces can be
easily damaged (fin edges bent over) if the tool is
applied across the fins.
Use of a water stream, such as a garden hose,
against a surface loaded coil will drive the fibers
Electric shock hazard. Shut off all
electrical power to the unit to avoid
shock hazard or injury from rotating
parts.
WARNING
and dirt into the coil. This will make cleaning
efforts more difficult. Surface loaded fibers must
be completely removed prior to using low
velocity clean water rinse.
A monthly clean water rinse is recommended for
coils that are applied in coastal or industrial
environments to help to remove chlorides, dirt,
and debris. It is very important when rinsing, that
water temperature is less than 130°F and pressure
is less than 100 psig to avoid damaging the fin
edges. An elevated water temperature (not to
exceed 130°F) will reduce surface tension,
increasing the ability to remove chlorides and
dirt.
Quarterly cleaning is essential to extend the life
of an e-coated coil and is required to maintain
coating warranty coverage.
Coil cleaning shall be part of the unit’s regularly
scheduled maintenance procedures. Failure to
clean an e-coated coil will void the warranty and
may result in reduced efficiency and durability.
For routine quarterly cleaning, first clean the coil
with the below approved coil cleaner. After
cleaning the coils with the approved cleaning
agent, use the approved chloride remover to
remove soluble salts and revitalize the unit.
Recommended Coil Cleaner
The following cleaning agent, when used in
accordance with the manufacturer’s directions on
the container for proper mixing and cleaning, has
been approved for use on e-coated coils to
remove mold, mildew, dust, soot, greasy residue,
lint, and other particulate:
GulfClean ™ Coil Cleaner ; AAON PN:
G074480
Recommended Chloride Remover
GulfClean Salt Reducer™ ; AAON PN:
G074490
GulfClean Salt Reducer™ is used to remove
soluble salts from the e-coated coil, follow the
manufacturer’s instructions. This product is not
intended for use as a degreaser. Any grease or oil
film must first be removed with GulfClean ™
Coil Cleaner.
Remove Barrier - First ensure the power to the
unit is off and locked out. Clean the area around
the unit if needed to ensure leaves, grass or loose
debris will not be blown into the coil. Soluble
salts adhere themselves to the substrate. For the
effective use of this product, the product must be
able to come in contact with the salts. These salts
High velocity water from a pressure
washer or compressed air must only
be used at a very low pressure to
prevent fin and/or coil damages. The
force of the water or air jet may bend
the fin edges and increase airside
pressure
drop.
Reduced
unit
performance
or
nuisance
unit
shutdowns may occur.
CAUTION
Harsh chemicals, household bleach,
or acid cleaners must not be used to
clean outdoor or indoor e-coated coils.
These cleaners can be very difficult to
rinse out of the coil and can accelerate
corrosion and attack the e-coating. If
there is dirt below the surface of the
coil, use the recommended coil
cleaners.
CAUTION
may be beneath any soils, grease or dirt;
therefore, these barriers must be removed prior to
application of this product. As in all surface
preparation, the best work yields the best results.
Application- Apply GulfClean ™ Coil Cleaner
directly onto the substrate. Sufficient product
must be applied uniformly across the substrate to
thoroughly wet out surface, with no areas missed.
This may be accomplished by use of a pump-up
sprayer or conventional spray gun. Apply the
cleaner to unit interior air exiting side coil
surfaces first. Work in sections/panels moving
side to side and from top to bottom. Allow the
cleaning solution to soak for 5 to 10 minutes.
Then move on to the exterior using the same
method.
Rinse - Using pressurized potable water such as a
garden hose, (< 100 psi), rinse the coils and
continue to always work in sections/panels.
Continue until all coil areas on the inside of the
unit have been rinsed. Note: Coils must always
be cleaned / back flushed, opposite of airflow to
prevent impacting the dirt into the coil.
Repeat these steps with GulfClean ™ Salt
Reducer. When finished replace all panels and
tops that were removed.
REFRIGERANT PIPING FOR THE
CL SERIES
General:
Piping from the condensing unit to the air handler
is the responsibility of the installing contractor.
Use only clean type “ACR” copper tubing that has
been joined with high temperature brazing alloy.
The pipe or line sizes must be selected to meet the
actual installation conditions and NOT simply
based on the connection sizes at the condensing
unit or air handler.
All AAON CL condensing units have factory
furnished liquid and suction line shutoff valves.
These must remain closed until the system is
ready for start-up after installation.
Upon completion of piping connection, the
interconnecting piping and air handler MUST BE
evacuated to 500 microns or less; leak checked
and charged with refrigerant.
Care must be taken not to cross the circuits on
multiple circuit systems.
Determining Refrigerant Line size:
The piping between the condenser and low side
must assure:
1. Minimum pressure drop, and
2. Continuous oil return, and
3. Prevention of liquid refrigerant slugging,
or carryover
Minimizing the refrigerant line size is favorable
from
an
economic
perspective,
reducing
installation costs, and reducing the potential for
leakage. However, as pipe diameters narrow,
pressure-reducing frictional forces increase.
Excessive suction line pressure drop causes loss
of compressor capacity and increased power
usage resulting in reduced system efficiency.
Excessive pressure drops in the liquid line can
cause the liquid refrigerant to flash, resulting in
faulty expansion valve operation and improper
system performance. In order to operate
efficiently and cost effectively, while avoiding
malfunction, refrigeration systems must be
designed to minimize both cost and pressure loss.
The pipe sizes must be selected to meet the
actual installation conditions, and not simply
based on the connection sizes at the evaporator
and/or condensing unit.
Equivalent Line Length:
All line lengths discussed in this manual, unless
specifically stated otherwise, are Equivalent Line
Lengths. The frictional pressure drop through
valves, fittings, and accessories is determined by
establishing the equivalent length of straight pipe
of the same diameter. Always use equivalent line
lengths when calculating pressure drop.
Special piping provisions must be taken when
lines are run up vertical risers or in excessively
long line runs. Do not run underground
refrigerant lines.
REFRIGERANT PIPING
This section is for information only and is
not intended to provide all details required
by the designer or installer of the
refrigerant piping between the condenser
or condensing unit and the air handling
unit. AAON, Inc. is not responsible for
interconnecting refrigerant piping. Consult
ASHRAE Handbook – Refrigeration and
ASME Standards.
CAUTION
Liquid line sizing:
When sizing the liquid line, it is important to
minimize the refrigerant charge to reduce
installation costs and improve system reliability.
This can be achieved by minimizing the liquid line
diameter. However, reducing the pipe diameter
will increase the velocity of the liquid refrigerant
which increases the frictional pressure drop in the
liquid line, and causes other undesirable effects
such as noise.
Maintaining the pressure in the liquid line is
critical
to
ensuring
sufficient
saturation
temperature, avoiding flashing upstream of the
TXV,
and
maintaining
system
efficiency.
Pressure losses through the liquid line due to
frictional contact, installed accessories, and
vertical
risers
are
inevitable.
Maintaining
adequate sub-cooling at the condenser to
overcome these losses is the only method to
ensure that liquid refrigerant reaches the TXV.
Liquid risers decrease head pressure. If the
evaporator section is below the condenser, and the
liquid
line
does
not
include
risers,
the
gravitational force will increase the pressure of the
liquid refrigerant. This will allow the refrigerant
to withstand greater frictional losses without the
occurrence of flashing prior to the TXV.
A moisture indicating sight glass may be factory
installed in the liquid line to indicate the
occurrence of premature flashing or moisture in
the line. The sight glass must not be used to
determine if the system is properly charged. Use
temperature and pressure measurements to
determine liquid sub-cooling, not the sight
glass.
Liquid Line Routing:
Care must be taken with vertical risers. When the
system is shut down, gravity will pull liquid down
the vertical column, and back to the condenser
when it is below the evaporator. This could
potentially result in compressor flooding. A
check valve can be installed in the liquid line
where the liquid column rises above the condenser
to prevent this. The liquid line is typically pitched
along with the suction line, or hot gas line, to
minimize the complexity of the configuration.
Liquid Line Insulation:
When the liquid line is routed through regions
where temperature losses are expected, no
insulation is required, as this may provide
additional sub-cooling to the refrigerant. When
routing the liquid line through high temperature
areas, insulation of the line is appropriate to avoid
loss of sub-cooling.
Liquid Line Guidelines:
In order to ensure liquid at the TXV, frictional
losses must not exceed available sub-cooling. A
commonly used guideline to consider is a system
design with pressure losses due to friction through
the line not to exceed a corresponding 1-2°F
change in saturation temperature.
If the velocity of refrigerant in the liquid line is
too great, it could cause excessive noise or piping
erosion. The maximum velocities for liquid lines
are 100 fpm from the condenser to a receiver to
discourage fluid backup, and 500 fpm from
receiver tank to the evaporator (300 fpm if the line
includes an electric valve to minimize valve
induced liquid hammer).
Liquid Line Accessories:
Liquid line accessories including sight glasses and
filter driers are available and factory installed.
The total length equivalent of pressure losses
through valves, elbows and fittings must be
considered when adding additional components in
the field. It is a good practice to utilize the fewest
elbows that will allow the mating units to be
successfully joined.
Suction Line Sizing:
The suction line is more critical than the liquid
line from a design and construction standpoint.
More care must be taken to ensure that adequate
velocity is achieved to return oil to the compressor
at minimum loading conditions. However,
reducing the piping diameter to increase the
velocity at minimal load can result in excessive
pressure losses, capacity reduction, and noise at
full load.
Suction Line Routing:
For cooling only systems, pitch the suction line in
the direction of flow (about 1 inch per 20 feet of
length) to maintain oil flow towards the
compressor, and keep it from flooding back into
the evaporator.
Crankcase heaters are provided to keep any
condensed refrigerant that collects in the
compressor from causing damage or wear. Make
sure to provide support to maintain suction line
positioning, and insulate completely between the
evaporator and condensing unit.
It is important to consider part load operation
when sizing suction lines. At minimum capacity,
refrigerant velocity may not be adequate to return
oil up the vertical riser. Decreasing the diameter
of the vertical riser will increase the velocity, but
also the frictional loss.
A double suction riser can be applied in this
situation. The double suction riser is designed to
return oil at minimum load while not incurring
excessive frictional losses at full load. The double
suction riser consists of a small diameter riser in
parallel with a larger diameter riser, and a trap at
the base of the large riser. At minimum capacity,
refrigerant velocity is not sufficient to carry oil up
both risers, and it collects in the trap, effectively
closing off the larger diameter riser, and diverting
refrigerant up the small riser where velocity of the
refrigerant is sufficient to maintain oil flow. At
full load, the mass flow clears the trap of oil, and
refrigerant is carried through both risers. Size the
smaller diameter pipe to return oil at minimum
load, and size the larger diameter pipe for
acceptable pressure drop at full load.
Figure 8 - Double Suction Riser
Suction Line Traps:
Include a trap immediately after the evaporator
coil outlet to protect the TXV bulb from liquid
refrigerant.
Include traps every 20 feet in vertical riser
sections.
Suction Line Insulation:
Insulate the entire suction line with a minimum 1
inch thick Armaflex insulation. This prevents
condensation from forming on the line, and
reduces any potential loss in capacity associated
with heat gain placing additional load on the
system.
Suction Line Guidelines:
For proper performance, keep suction line
velocities less than a 4000 fpm. The minimum
velocity required to return oil is dependent on the
pipe diameter, however a general guideline of
1000 fpm minimum may be applied.
Tandem compressors must be considered for full
load operation (both compressors operating) and
at partial load (only one compressor operating).
When suction flow is up, the velocity at partial
load must be greater than the minimum velocity
required to return oil.
In a fashion similar to the liquid line, a common
guideline to consider is a system design with
pressure losses due to friction through the line not
to exceed a corresponding 1-2°F change in
saturation temperature.
At points where small pipe size can be used to
provide sufficient velocity to return oil in vertical
risers at part loads, greater pressure losses are
incurred at full loads. This can be compensated
for by over sizing the horizontal and vertical drop
SUCTION RISER TRAPS
Circuits require suction riser traps every
20 feet.
CAUTION
sections. This will however require additional
refrigerant charge.
Suction Line Accessories:
If
the
job
requirements
specify
suction
accumulators, they must be separately purchased
and installed.
Hot Gas Bypass Line:
Hot Gas Bypass is available for use with DX
systems that may experience low suction pressure
during the operating cycle. This may be
due to varying load conditions associated with
VAV applications or units supplying a large
percentage of outside air. The system is designed
to divert refrigerant from the compressor
discharge to the low pressure side of the system in
order to keep the evaporator from freezing and to
maintain adequate refrigerant velocity for oil
return at minimum load.
Hot discharge gas is redirected to the evaporator
inlet via an auxiliary side connector (ASC) to false
load the evaporator when reduced suction
pressure is sensed. Field piping between the
condensing unit and the evaporator is
required.
See Figure 10 and Figure 11 for hot gas bypass
piping configurations.
Hot Gas Bypass Piping Considerations for
Evaporator Above Condensing Unit:
Pitch the hot gas bypass line downward in the
direction of refrigerant flow, toward the
evaporator.
When installing vertical hot gas bypass lines, an
oil drip line must be provided at the lowest point
in the system. The oil drip line must be vertical,
its diameter must be the same as the diameter of
the riser, and a maximum of 10” long. Install a
sight glass in the oil drip line for observation. Run
an oil return line, using 1/8 inch capillary tube, 10
feet in length, from the hot gas bypass line oil drip
line to the suction line. Connect the oil return line
below the sight glass and 1 inch above the bottom
of the oil drip line.
Figure 9 - Oil Return Piping
HGBP valves are adjustable. Factory HGBP valve
settings will be sufficient for most applications,
but may require slight adjustments for some make
up air or other process cooling applications.
Insulate the entire length of the HGBP line with a
minimum 1 inch thick Armaflex insulation.
Refer to Figure 10 for piping diagram.
Hot Gas Bypass Piping Considerations for
Evaporator Below Condensing Unit:
The line must slope downward from the hot gas
bypass valve toward the evaporator.
Refer to Figure 11 for piping diagram
Hot Gas Bypass Line Guidelines:
Choose a small size line to ensure oil return, and
minimize refrigerant charge.
Maintain velocities below a maximum of
3500 fpm. A general minimum velocity guideline
to use is approximately 2000 fpm.
Hot Gas Reheat Line:
The AAON modulating hot gas reheat system
diverts hot discharge gas from the condenser to
the air handling unit through the hot gas line.
Field piping between the condensing unit and
the air handler is required.
The line delivers the hot discharge gas to the
reheat coil and/or the hot gas bypass valve, so it is
sized as a discharge line.
Discharge lines must be sized to ensure adequate
velocity of refrigerant to ensure oil return, avoid
excessive noise associated with velocities that are
too high, and to minimize efficiency losses
associated with friction.
Pitch the hot gas line in the direction of flow for
oil return.
When installing vertical hot gas reheat lines, an oil
drip line must be provided at the lowest point in
the system. The oil drip line must be vertical, its
diameter must be the same as the diameter of the
riser, and a maximum of 10” long. Run an oil
return line, using 1/8 inch capillary tube, 10 feet
in length, from the hot gas reheat line oil drip line
to the suction line. Connect the oil return line
below the sight glass and 1 inch above the bottom
of the oil drip line.
Insulate the entire length of the hot gas line with a
minimum 1 inch thick Armaflex insulation.
Refer to Figure 12 through Figure 19 for piping
diagrams.
Hot Gas Reheat Line Guidelines:
Maintain velocities below a maximum of
3500 fpm. A general minimum velocity guideline
is 2000 fpm.
Figure 10 - Hot Gas Bypass Piping Diagram with air handler above condenser
Note: Components shown within air
handler and condensing unit are factory
installed; all other components are field
installed.
Figure 11 - Hot Gas Bypass Piping Diagram with air handler below condenser
Note: Components shown within air
handler and condensing unit are factory
installed; all other components are field
installed.
Figure 12 - Hot Gas Reheat Piping Diagram with air handler above condenser
Note: Components shown within air
handler and condensing unit are factory
installed; all other components are field
installed.
Figure 13 - Hot Gas Reheat Piping Diagram with air handler below condenser
Note: Components shown within air
handler and condensing unit are factory
installed; all other components are field
installed.
Figure 14 - Hot Gas Reheat Piping Diagram with air handler above condenser and field installed suction
line accumulator
Note: Components shown within air
handler and condensing unit are factory
installed; all other components are field
installed.
TO BE INSTALLED IN FIELD
Figure 15 - Hot Gas Reheat Piping Diagram with air handler above condenser and field installed suction
line accumulator
Note: Components shown within air
handler and condensing unit are factory
installed; all other components are field
installed.
TO BE INSTALLED IN FIELD
Figure 16 - Reheat/Hot Gas Bypass Piping Diagram with air handler above condenser
Note: Components shown within air
handler and condensing unit are factory
installed; all other components are field
installed.
Figure 17 - Reheat/Hot Gas Bypass Piping Diagram with air handler below condenser
Note: Components shown within air
handler and condensing unit are factory
installed; all other components are field
installed.
Figure 18 - Reheat/Hot Gas Bypass Piping Diagram with air handler evaporator above condenser and field
installed suction line accumulator
Note: Components shown within air
handler and condensing unit are factory
installed; all other components are field
installed.
TO BE INSTALLED IN FIELD
TO BE INSTALLED IN FIELD
Figure 19 - Reheat/Hot Gas Bypass Piping Diagram with air handler below condenser and field installed
suction line accumulator
Note: Components shown within air
handler and condensing unit are factory
installed; all other components are field
installed.
TO BE INSTALLED IN FIELD
CL STARTUP FORM PAGE 1 of 2
DATE:___________________
JOB NAME:_________________________________________________________________________________________
ADDRESS:_________________________________________________________________ MODEL No:______________
CITY, STATE:______________________________________________________________ SERIAL No:______________
START-UP CONTRACTOR:___________________________________________________ TAG:____________________
PRE START-UP CHECKLIST
Installing contractor shall verify the following items (cross out items that do not apply).
1. Is there any visible shipping damage?__________________________________________________ Yes
No
2. Is the unit installation level?__________________________________________________________
Yes
No
3. Are the unit clearances adequate for service and operation?_________________________________ Yes
No
4. Do all access doors open freely and are the handles operational?_____________________________ Yes
No
5. Have all shipping braces been removed?________________________________________________ Yes
No
6. Have all electrical connections been tested for tightness?___________________________________ Yes
No
7. Does the electrical service correspond to the unit nameplate?________________________________ Yes
No
8. Has the overcurrent protection been installed to match unit nameplate requirement?______________ Yes
No
9. Have all set screws on fans been tightened?______________________________________________ Yes
No
10. Do all fans and pumps rotate freely?___________________________________________________ Yes
No
UNIT CONFIGURATION
AIR COOLED__________
EVAPORATIVE COOLED _____
NO WATER LEAKS ___
CONDENSER SAFETY CHECK_______
COOLING TEST
COMPRESSORS
CRANKCASE
NUMBER
MODEL #
AMPS
HEATER
L1 Volts/Amps
L2 Volts/Amps
L3 Volts/Amps
AMPS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
AMBIENT DRY BULB TEMP_______________°F
AMBIENT WET BULB TEMP_______________°F
CL STARTUP FORM PAGE 2 of 2
REFRIGERATION SYSTEM #1
PRESSURE
SATURATED
LINE
SUB-COOLING
SUPERHEAT
TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURE
DISCHARGE
SUCTION
LIQUID
REFRIGERATION SYSTEM #2
PRESSURE
SATURATED
LINE
SUB-COOLING
SUPERHEAT
TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURE
DISCHARGE
SUCTION
LIQUID
REFRIGERATION SYSTEM #3
PRESSURE
SATURATED
LINE
SUB-COOLING
SUPERHEAT
TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURE
DISCHARGE
SUCTION
LIQUID
REFRIGERATION SYSTEM #4
PRESSURE
SATURATED
LINE
SUB-COOLING
SUPERHEAT
TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURE
DISCHARGE
SUCTION
LIQUID
CONDENSER FAN AMPS
ALIGNMENT________
CHECK ROTATION__________
NAMEPLATE AMPS________
NUMBER
HP
L1 Volts/Amps
L2 Volts/Amps
L3 Volts/Amps
1
2
3
4
5
6
CONDENSER PUMP AMPS
CHECK ROTATION______________
NUMBER
HP
L1 Volts/Amps
L2 Volts/Amps
L3 Volts/Amps
1
2
Literature Change History
July 2015
Added Features and Options section. Updated Service Information section.
August 2016
Added a warning to empty the evaporative condenser tank before lifting.
October 2017
CL units are now shipped with a 400 psi nitrogen holding charge. Updated Table 2 - Acceptable
Refrigerant Circuit Values sub-cooling values. Added a note that reverse osmosis and deionized water
cannot be used in the evaporative cooled condensing units. Added suction line filter removal instructions.
May 2018
Updated technical support contact information.
June 2018
Added E-coated coil cleaning procedure. Added split system evacuation procedure for low ambient and
modulating hot gas reheat.
January 2019
Removed section on OROA and ORI/ORD valves. Updated special low ambient option charging
instructions. Corrected the nitrogen holding charge to 100 psi.
May 2019
Added the minimum/maximum voltage range table in the Electrical section.
July 2019
Removed most references to PVE oils except in the caution boxes.
September 2020
Revised compressor cycling to 3 minute minimum off time. Revised measurement of suction line
temperature and pressure to be taken at the evaporator. Revised wording for oil return line. Updated the
Nameplate Voltage Markings and Tolerance table. Added phase imbalance example. Revised the e-coated
coil cleaning section. Added Voltage check to the startup form. Added the AAON E-Coated Coil
Maintenance Record.
2425 South Yukon Ave.
Tulsa, OK 74107-2728
www.AAON.com
CL Series
Installation, Operation &
Maintenance
R10110 · Rev. C · 200910
Factory Technical Support: 918-382-6450
Note: Before calling Technical Support, please have the model and serial number of the
unit available.
Parts: For replacement parts, please contact your local AAON Representative.
It is the intent of AAON to provide accurate and current product information. However, in the interest of
product improvement, AAON reserves the right to change pricing, specifications, and/or design of its
product without notice, obligation, or liability.
Copyright © AAON, all rights reserved throughout the world.
AAON® and AAONAIRE® are registered trademarks of AAON, Inc., Tulsa, OK.