D-Link DES-6500 Cli Manual

Introduction............................................................................................................................................ 1 Using the Console CLI............................................................................................................................. 4 Command Syntax.................................................................................................................................... 8 Basic Switch Commands....................................................................................................................... 10 Switch Port Commands......................................................................................................................... 27 Port Security Commands....................................................................................................................... 31 Network Management (SNMP) Commands............................................................................................. 35 Switch Utility Commands...................................................................................................................... 58 Network Monitoring Commands ............................................................................................................ 66 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) Commands ............................................................................. 84 Forwarding Database Commands.......................................................................................................... 98 Broadcast Storm Control Commands .................................................................................................. 106 QoS Commands .................................................................................................................................. 111 Port Mirroring Commands................................................................................................................... 123 VLAN Commands ................................................................................................................................ 127 Link Aggregation Commands............................................................................................................... 137 IP Commands (Including IP Multinetting) ............................................................................................ 144 IGMP Commands (Including IGMP v3)................................................................................................. 149 IGMP Snooping Commands................................................................................................................. 153 Access Authentication Control Commands.......................................................................................... 162 SSH Commands.................................................................................................................................. 187 SSL Commands................................................................................................................................... 195 802.1X Commands ............................................................................................................................. 201 Access Control List (ACL) Commands (Including CPU)......................................................................... 222 Safeguard Engine Commands ............................................................................................................. 248 Traffic Segmentation Commands......................................................................................................... 251 D-Link Single IP Management Commands........................................................................................... 254

ARP Commands .................................................................................................................................. 272 VRRP Commands................................................................................................................................ 276 Routing Table Commands ................................................................................................................... 284 Route Redistribution Commands......................................................................................................... 288 DHCP Relay Commands...................................................................................................................... 294 DNS Relay Commands ........................................................................................................................ 300 RIP Commands ................................................................................................................................... 304 DVMRP Commands............................................................................................................................. 307 PIM Commands................................................................................................................................... 312 IP Multicasting Commands ................................................................................................................. 330 MD5 Configuration Commands ........................................................................................................... 332 OSPF Configuration Commands.......................................................................................................... 334 Jumbo Frame Commands ................................................................................................................... 353 IPv4 Multicast Static Route List........................................................................................................... 355 Command History List ........................................................................................................................ 357 Technical Specifications ...................................................................................................................... 360

1 1 INTRODUCTION The xStack DES-6500 layer 3 modular chassis Ethernet switch is a member of the D-Link xStack family. Ranging from 10/100Mbps edge switches to core gigabit switches, the xStack switch family has been future-proof designed to provide a stacking architecture with fault tolerance, flexibility, port density, robust security and maximum throughput with a user-friendly management interface for the networking professional. The Switch can be managed through the Switch’s serial port, Telnet, or the Web-based management agent. The Command Line Interface (CLI) can be used to configure and manage the Switch via the serial port or Telnet interfaces. This manual provides a reference for all of the commands contained in the CLI. Configuration and management of the switch via the Web-based management agent is discussed in the User’s Guide. Accessing the Switch via the Serial Port The Switch’s serial port’s default settings are as follows:  115200 baud  no parity  8 data bits  1 stop bit A computer running a terminal emulation program capable of emulating a VT-100 terminal and a serial port configured as above is then connected to the Switch’s serial port via an RS-232 DB-9 cable. With the serial port properly connected to a management computer, the following screen should be visible. If this screen does not appear, try pressing Ctrl+r to refresh the console screen. Figure 1-1. Initial CLI screen There is no initial username or password. Just press the Enter key twice to display the CLI input cursor  DES-6500:4#. This is the command line where all commands are input.

2 Setting the Switch’s IP Address Each switch must be assigned its own IP Address, which is used for communication with an SNMP network manager or other TCP/IP application (for example BOOTP, TFTP). The Switch’s default IP address is 10.90.90.90. You can change the default switch IP address to meet the specification of your networking address scheme. The Switch is also assigned a unique MAC address by the factory. This MAC address cannot be changed, and can be found on the initial boot console screen – shown below. Figure 1-2. Boot Screen The Switch’s MAC address can also be found in the Web management program on the Switch Information (Basic Settings) window on the Configuration menu. The IP address for the Switch must be set before it can be managed with the Web-based manager. The Switch IP address can be automatically set using BOOTP or DHCP protocols, in which case the actual address assigned to the Switch must be known. The IP address may be set using the Command Line Interface (CLI) over the console serial port as follows: 1. Starting at the command line prompt, enter the commands config ipif System ipaddress xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yyy.yyy.yyy.yyy. Where the x’s represent the IP address to be assigned to the IP interface named System and the y’s represent the corresponding subnet mask. 2. Alternatively, you can enter config ipif System ipaddress xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/z. Where the x’s represent the IP address to be assigned to the IP interface named System and the z represents the corresponding number of subnets in CIDR notation. The IP interface named System on the Switch can be assigned an IP address and subnet mask which can then be used to connect a management station to the Switch’s Telnet or Web-based management agent.

3 Figure 1-3. Assigning an IP Address In the above example, the Switch was assigned an IP address of 10.53.13.144 with a subnet mask of 255.0.0.0. The system message Success indicates that the command was executed successfully. The Switch can now be configured and managed via Telnet and the CLI or via the Web-based management agent using the above IP address to connect to the Switch.

4 2 USING THE CONSOLE CLI The xStack DES-6500 supports a console management interface that allows the user to connect to the Switch’s management agent via a serial port and a terminal or a computer running a terminal emulation program. The console can also be used over the network using the TCP/IP Telnet protocol. The console program can be used to configure the Switch to use an SNMP-based network management software over the network. This chapter describes how to use the console interface to access the Switch, change its settings, and monitor its operation. Note: Switch configuration settings are saved to non-volatile RAM using the save command. The current configuration will then be retained in the Switch’s NV-RAM, and reloaded when the Switch is rebooted. If the Switch is rebooted without using the save command, the last configuration saved to NV-RAM will be loaded. Connecting to the Switch The console interface is used by connecting the Switch to a VT100-compatible terminal or a computer running an ordinary terminal emulator program (e.g., the HyperTerminal program included with the Windows operating system) using an RS-232C serial cable. Your terminal parameters will need to be set to:  VT-100 compatible  115200 baud  8 data bits  No parity  One stop bit  No flow control You can also access the same functions over a Telnet interface. Once you have set an IP address for your Switch, you can use a Telnet program (in VT-100 compatible terminal mode) to access and control the Switch. All of the screens are identical, whether accessed from the console port or from a Telnet interface. After the Switch reboots and you have logged in, the console looks like this:

5 Figure 2-1. Initial Console Screen Commands are entered at the command prompts, DES-6500:4#. There are a number of helpful features included in the CLI. Entering the ? command will display a list of all of the top-level commands. Figure 2-2. The ? Command When entering a command without its required parameters, the CLI will prompt you with a Next possible completions: message.

6 Figure 2-3. Example Command Parameter Help In this case, the command config account was entered with the parameter . The CLI will then prompt to enter the with the message, Next possible completions:. Every command in the CLI has this feature, and complex commands have several layers of parameter prompting. In addition, after typing any given command plus one space, you can see all of the next possible sub-commands, in sequential order, by repeatedly pressing the Tab key. To re-enter the previous command at the command prompt, press the up arrow cursor key. The previous command will appear at the command prompt. Figure 2-4. Using the Up Arrow to Re-enter a Command In the above example, the command config account was entered without the required parameter , the CLI returned the Next possible completions: prompt. The up arrow cursor control key was pressed to re-enter the previous command (config account) at the command prompt. Now the appropriate User name can be entered and the config account command re-executed. All commands in the CLI function in this way. In addition, the syntax of the help prompts are the same as presented in this manual  angle brackets < > indicate a numerical value or character string, braces { } indicate optional parameters or a choice of parameters, and brackets [ ] indicate required parameters.

7 If a command is entered that is unrecognized by the CLI, the top-level commands will be displayed under the Available commands: prompt. Figure 2-5. The Available Commands Prompt The top-level commands consist of commands such as show or config. Most of these commands require one or more parameters to narrow the top-level command. This is equivalent to show what? or config what? Where the what? is the next parameter. For example, if you enter the show command with no additional parameters, the CLI will then display all of the possible next parameters. Figure 2-6. Next possible completions: Show Command In the above example, all of the possible next parameters for the show command are displayed. At the next command prompt, the up arrow was used to re-enter the show command, followed by the account parameter. The CLI then displays the user accounts configured on the Switch.

8 3 COMMAND SYNTAX The following symbols are used to describe how command entries are made and values and arguments are specified in this manual. The online help contained in the CLI and available through the console interface uses the same syntax. Note: All commands are case-sensitive. Be sure to disable Caps Lock or any other unwanted function that changes text case. Purpose Encloses a variable or value that must be specified. Syntax create ipif {secondary | state [enabled | disabled]} Description In the above syntax example, the user must supply an IP interface name in the space, a VLAN name in the space, and the network address in the space. Do not type the angle brackets. Example Command create ipif Engineering 10.24.22.5/255.0.0.0 Design [square brackets] Purpose Encloses a required value or set of required arguments. One value or argument can be specified. Syntax create account [admin | user] Description In the above syntax example, you must specify either an admin or a user level account to be created. Do not type the square brackets. Example Command create account admin Darren | vertical bar Purpose Separates two or more mutually exclusive items in a list, one of which must be entered. Syntax create account [admin | user] Description In the above syntax example, you must specify either admin, or user. Do not type the vertical bar. Example Command create account admin Darren

9 {braces} Purpose Encloses an optional value or set of optional arguments. Syntax reset {[config | system]} Description In the above syntax example, you have the option to specify config or system. It is not necessary to specify either optional value, however the effect of the system reset is dependent on which, if any, value is specified. Therefore, with this example there are three possible outcomes of performing a system reset. See the following chapter, Basic Commands for more details about the reset command. Example command reset config Line Editing Key Usage Delete Deletes the character under the cursor and then shifts the remaining characters in the line to the left. Backspace Deletes the character to the left of the cursor and shifts the remaining characters in the line to the left. Left Arrow Moves the cursor to the left. Right Arrow Moves the cursor to the right. Up Arrow Repeat the previously entered command. Each time the up arrow is pressed, the command previous to that displayed appears. This way it is possible to review the command history for the current session. Use the down arrow to progress sequentially forward through the command history list. Down Arrow The down arrow will display the next command in the command history entered in the current session. This displays each command sequentially as it was entered. Use the up arrow to review previous commands. Tab Shifts the cursor to the next field to the left. Multiple Page Display Control Keys Space Displays the next page. CTRL+c Stops the display of remaining pages when multiple pages are to be displayed. ESC Stops the display of remaining pages when multiple pages are to be displayed. n Displays the next page. p Displays the previous page. q Stops the display of remaining pages when multiple pages are to be displayed. r Refreshes the pages currently displayed. a Displays the remaining pages without pausing between pages. Enter Displays the next line or table entry.

10 4 BASIC SWITCH COMMANDS The basic switch commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters create account [admin | user] config account show account delete account show config [current_config | config_in_NVRAM] show session show switch show device_status show serial_port config serial_port {auto_logout [never | 2_minutes | 5_minutes | 10_minutes | 15_minutes]} enable clipaging disable clipaging enable telnet disable telnet enable web disable web save reboot reset {[config | system]} login logout config command_prompt [ | username | default] config greeting_message {default} show greeting_message console_swap unit[int<1-8>] Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections.

11 create account Purpose Used to create user accounts. Syntax create [admin | user] Description The create account command is used to create user accounts that consist of a username of 1 to 15 characters and a password of 0 to 15 characters. Up to 8 user accounts can be created. Parameters admin - Entering this parameter will give the specified user administrative-level privileges over configuring functions of the Switch. This user may perform any function listed in this manual. A username of up to 15 characters must be created with this command to identify the admin user. user - Entering this parameter will give the specified user user-level privileges over configuring functions of the Switch. User-level privileges limit the execution of many commands listed in this manual. A username of up to 15 characters must be created with this command to identify the user. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Usernames can be between 1 and 15 characters. Passwords can be between 0 and 15 characters. Example usage: To create an administrator-level user account with the username “dlink”. DES-6500:4#create account admin dlink Command: create account admin dlink Enter a case-sensitive new password:**** Enter the new password again for confirmation:**** Success. DES-6500:4# config account Purpose Used to configure user accounts. Syntax config account Description The config account command configures a user account that has been created using the create account command. Parameters - Enter the username of the account to be configured. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Usernames can be between 1 and 15 characters. Passwords can be between 0 and 15 characters.

12 Example usage: To configure the user password of “dlink” account: DES-6500:4#config account dlink Command: config account dlink Enter a old password:**** Enter a case-sensitive new password:**** Enter the new password again for confirmation:**** Success. DES-6500:4# show account Purpose Used to display user accounts. Syntax show account Description Displays all user accounts created on the Switch. Up to 8 user accounts can exist on the Switch at one time. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the accounts that have been created: DES-6500:4#show account Command: show account Current Accounts: Username Access Level --------------- ------------ dlink Admin DES-6500:4# delete account Purpose Used to delete an existing user account. Syntax delete account Description The delete account command deletes a user account that has been created using the create account command. Parameters - Enter the username of the account to be deleted.

13 delete account Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete the admin account “System”: DES-6500:4#delete account System Command: delete account System Are you sure to delete the last administrator account?(y/n)y Success. DES-6500:4# Example usage: To delete the user account “System2”: DES-6500:4#delete account System2 Command: delete account System2 Success. DES-6500:4# show config Purpose Used to display a list of configuration commands entered into the Switch. Syntax show config [current_config | config_in_NVRAM] Description This command displays a list of configuration commands entered into the Switch. Parameters current_config – Entering this parameter will display configurations entered without being saved to NVRAM. config_in_NVRAM - Entering this parameter will display configurations entered and saved to NVRAM. Restrictions None. Example usage: To view configurations entered on the Switch that were saved to NVRAM: DES-6500:4# show config config_in_NVRAM Command: show config config_in_NVRAM #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

14 -# DES-6500 Configuration # # Firmware: Build 3.60.B02 # Copyright(C) 2004-2008 D-Link Corporation. All rights reserved. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - # BASIC config serial_port baud_rate 115200 auto_logout never enable telnet 23 enable web 80 enable clipaging # STORM config traffic control 1:1-1:26 broadcast disable multicast disable dlf disable threshold 128 config traffic control 2:1-2:24 broadcast disable multicast disable dlf disable CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page ENTER Next Entry a All show session Purpose Used to display a list of currently logged-in users. Syntax show session Description This command displays a list of all the users that are logged-in at the time the command is issued. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the way that the users logged in: DES-6500:4#show session Command: show session ID Live Time From Level Name -- --------- -------------- ----- ----------- *8 03:36:27 Serial Port 4 Anonymous Total Entries: 1

15 CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page ENTER Next Entry a All show switch Purpose Used to display information about the Switch. Syntax show switch Description This command displays information about the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the Switch information: DES-6500:4#show switch Command: show switch Device Type : DES-6500 Chassis Ethernet Switch Unit ID : 1 MAC Address : DA-10-21-00-00-01 IP Address : 10.41.44.22 (Manual) VLAN Name : default Subnet Mask : 255.0.0.0 Default Gateway : 0.0.0.0 Boot PROM Version : Build 2.00-B20 Firmware Version : Build 3.60.B02 Hardware Version : 2A1 Device S/N : System Name : DES-6500_#3 System Location : 7th_flr_east_cabinet System Contact : Julius_Erving_212-555-6666 Spanning Tree : Disabled GVRP : Disabled IGMP Snooping : Disabled 802.1X : Disabled Jumbo Frame : Off Clipaging : Enabled Port Mirror : Disabled SNTP : Disabled DHCP Relay : Disabled

16 DNSR Status : Disabled VRRP : Disabled DVMRP : Disabled PIM : Disabled RIP : Disabled OSPF : Disabled TELNET : Enabled (TCP 23) WEB : Enabled (TCP 80) RMON : Enabled HOL Prevention State : Enabled Syslog Global State : Disabled DES-6500:4# show device_status Purpose Used to display the current status of the hardware of the Switch. Syntax show device_status Description This command displays the current status of the Switch’s physical elements. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To show the current hardware status of the Switch: DES-6500:4#show device_status Command: show device_status RPS1 Status: Output voltage: Normal FAN1: Normal FAN2: Normal RPS2 Status: Not Exist System FAN1: Normal System FAN2: Normal System FAN3: Normal System FAN4: Normal

17 DES-6500:4# show serial_port Purpose Used to display the current serial port settings. Syntax show serial_port Description This command displays the current serial port settings. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the serial port settings: DES-6500:4#show serial_port Command: show serial_port Baud Rate : 115200 Data Bits : 8 Parity Bits : None Stop Bits : 1 Auto-Logout : 10 mins DES-6500:4# config serial_port Purpose Used to configure the serial port. Syntax config serial_port {auto_logout [never | 2_minutes | 5_minutes | 10_minutes | 15_minutes]} Description This command is used to configure the serial port’s baud rate and auto logout settings. Parameters auto_logout – The user may select a time period from the following list which the Switch will automatically log out of the serial port.  never  No time limit on the length of time the console can be open with no user input.  2_minutes  The console will log out the current user if there is no user input for 2 minutes.  5_minutes  The console will log out the current user if there is no user input for 5 minutes.  10_minutes  The console will log out the current user if there is no user input for 10 minutes.  15_minutes  The console will log out the current user if there is no user input for 15 minutes. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command.

18 Example usage: To configure the baud rate: DES-6500:4#config serial_port baud_rate 115200 Command: config serial_port baud_rate 115200 Success. DES-6500:4# enable clipaging Purpose Used to pause the scrolling of the console screen when a command displays more than one page. Syntax enable clipaging Description This command is used when issuing a command which causes the console screen to rapidly scroll through several pages. This command will cause the console to pause at the end of each page. The default setting is enable. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable pausing of the screen display when the command output reaches the end of the page: DES-6500:4#enable clipaging Command: enable clipaging Success. DES-6500:4# disable clipaging Purpose Used to disable the pausing of the console screen scrolling at the end of each page when the command displays more than one screen of information. Syntax disable clipaging Description This command is used to disable the pausing of the console screen at the end of each page when the command displays more than one screen of information. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable pausing of the screen display when the command output reaches the end of the page:

19 DES-6500:4#disable clipaging Command: disable clipaging Success. DES-6500:4# enable telnet Purpose Used to enable communication with and management of the Switch using the Telnet protocol. Syntax enable telnet Description This command is used to enable the Telnet protocol on the Switch. The user can specify the TCP or UDP port number the Switch will use to listen for Telnet requests. Parameters  The TCP port number. TCP ports are numbered between 1 and 65535. The “well-known” TCP port for the Telnet protocol is 23. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable Telnet and configure port number: DES-6500:4#enable telnet 23 Command: enable telnet 23 Success. DES-6500:4# disable telnet Purpose Used to disable the Telnet protocol on the Switch. Syntax disable telnet Description This command is used to disable the Telnet protocol on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable the Telnet protocol on the Switch: DES-6500:4#disable telnet Command: disable telnet Success.

20 DES-6500:4# enable web Purpose Used to enable the HTTP-based management software on the Switch. Syntax enable web Description This command is used to enable the Web-based management software on the Switch. The user can specify the TCP port number the Switch will use to listen for Telnet requests. Parameters  The TCP port number. TCP ports are numbered between 1 and 65535. The “well-known” port for the Web- based management software is 80. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable HTTP and configure port number: DES-6500:4#enable web 80 Command: enable web 80 Note: SSL will be disabled if web is enabled. Success. DES-6500:4# disable web Purpose Used to disable the HTTP-based management software on the Switch. Syntax disable web Description This command disables the Web-based management software on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable HTTP: DES-6500:4#disable web Command: disable web Success. DES-6500:4#

21 save Purpose Used to save changes in the Switch’s configuration to non-volatile RAM. Syntax save Description This command is used to enter the current switch configuration into non-volatile RAM. The saved switch configuration will be loaded into the Switch’s memory each time the Switch is restarted. Parameters Entering just the save command will save only the Switch configuration to NV-Ram. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To save the Switch’s current configuration to non-volatile RAM: DES-6500:4#save Command: save Saving all configurations to NV-RAM… Done. DES-6500:4# NOTE: The DES-6500 does not support a change in box mode from Auto to Static. reboot Purpose Used to restart the Switch. Syntax reboot Description This command is used to restart the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To restart the Switch: DES-6500:4#reboot Command: reboot Are you sure want to proceed with the system reboot? (y/n) Please wait, the Switch is rebooting...

22 reset Purpose Used to reset the Switch to the factory default settings. Syntax reset {[config | system]} Description This command is used to restore the Switch’s configuration to the default settings assigned from the factory. Parameters config  If the keyword ‘config’ is specified, all of the factory default settings are restored on the Switch including the IP address, user accounts, and the Switch history log. The Switch will not save or reboot. system  If the keyword ‘system’ is specified all of the factory default settings are restored on the Switch. The Switch will save and reboot after the settings are changed to default. Rebooting will clear all entries in the Forwarding Data Base. If no parameter is specified, the Switch’s current IP address, user accounts, and the Switch history log are not changed. All other parameters are restored to the factory default settings. The Switch will not save or reboot. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To restore all of the Switch’s parameters to their default values: DES-6500:4#reset config Command: reset config Success. DES-6500:4# login Purpose Used to log in a user to the Switch’s console. Syntax login Description This command is used to initiate the login procedure. The user will be prompted for his Username and Password. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To initiate the login procedure: DES-6500:4#login Command: login UserName:

23 logout Purpose Used to log out a user from the Switch’s console. Syntax logout Description This command terminates the current user’s session on the Switch’s console. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To terminate the current user’s console session: config command_prompt Purpose Used to configure the command prompt for the Command Line Interface. Syntax config command_prompt [ | username | default] Description This command is used to configure the command prompt for the CLI interface of the Switch. The current command prompt consists of “product name + : + user level + product name” (ex. DES-6500:4#). The user may replace all parts of the command prompt, except the # by entering a string of 16 alphanumerical characters with no spaces, or the user may enter the current login username configured on the Switch. Parameters - Enter an alphanumeric string of no more than 16 characters to define the command prompt for the CLI interface. username – Entering this parameter will replace the current CLI command prompt with the login username configured on the Switch. default – Entering this parameter will return the command prompt to its original factory default setting. Restrictions The reset command will not alter the configured command prompt, yet the reset system command will return the command prompt to its original factory default setting. Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the command prompt: DES-6500:4#config command prompt Trinity Command: config command prompt Trinity Success. Trinity# DES-6500:4#logout

24 config greeting_message Purpose Used to configure the greeting message or banner for the opening screen of the Command Line Interface. Syntax config greeting_message {default} Description This command is used to configure the greeting message or login banner for the opening screen of the CLI. Parameters default – Adding this parameter will return the greeting command to its original factory default configuration. Restrictions The reset command will not alter the configured greeting message, yet the reset system command will return the greeting message to its original factory default setting. The maximum character capacity for the greeting banned is 6 lines and 80 characters per line. Entering Ctrl+W will save the current configured banner to the DRAM only. To enter it into the FLASH memory, the user must enter the save command. Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the greeting message: DES-6500:4#config greeting_message Command: config greeting_message Greeting Messages Editor =========================================================================== DES-6500 Chassis Ethernet Switch Command Line Interface Firmware: Build 3.60.B02 Copyright(C) 2004-2008 D-Link Corporation. All rights Reserved =========================================================================== Ctrl+C Quit without save left/right/ Ctrl+W Save and quit up/down Move cursor Ctrl+D Delete line Ctrl+X Erase all setting Ctrl+L Reload original setting ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Success.

25 DES-6500:4# show greeting_message Purpose Used to view the currently configured greeting message configured on the Switch. Syntax show greeting_message Description This command is used to view the currently configured greeting message on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To view the currently configured greeting message: DES-6500:4#show greeting_message Command: show greeting_message ======================================================================== DES-6500 Chassis Ethernet Switch Command Line Interface Firmware: Build 3.60.B02 Copyright(C) 2004-2008 D-Link Corporation. All rights Reserved ======================================================================== Success. DES-6500:4# console_swap Purpose Used to swap the serial console. Syntax console_swap unit [int <1-8>] Description The console_swap command is used to swap serial console from the CPU card to the Line card (unit 1-8). The user may check if any specific Line card has a problem. Parameters unit [int <1-8>] - Specific the Line card unit number. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. The unit must be between 1 and 8. Example usage: To swap the console to unit 5:

26 DES-6500:4# console_swap unit 5 Command: console_swap unit 5 Console Swap To Unit 5 ---> press "Enter" DES-6507 Command Line Interface Firmware: Build 3.60.Bxx Copyright(C) 2004-2007 D-Link Corporation. All rights reserved. UserName: PassWord: DES-6500:4# NOTE: The line card can only be accessed while in 128 mode. NOTE: Press the Alarm button on the CPU board to return the console back to the CPU board.

27 5 SWITCH PORT COMMANDS The switch port commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters config ports [ | all] {speed [auto | 10_half | 10_full | 100_half | 100_full | 1000_full [master | slave | None]] | flow_control [enabled | disabled] | learning [enabled | disabled] state [enabled | disabled] | description [ | clear]} show ports {} {description} Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. config ports Purpose Used to configure the Switch’s Ethernet port settings. Syntax [ | all] {speed [auto | 10_half | 10_full | 100_half | 100_full | 1000_full [master | slave | None]] | flow_control [enabled | disabled] | learning [enabled | disabled] state [enabled | disabled] | description [ | clear]} Description This command allows for the configuration of the Switch’s Ethernet ports. Only the ports listed in the will be affected. Parameters all  Configure all ports on the Switch.  Specifies a range of ports to be configured. The port list is specified by listing the lowest line card number and the beginning port number on that line card, separated by a colon. Then the highest line card number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies line card number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies line card number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between line card 1, port 3 and line card 2, port 4  in numerical order. auto  Enables auto-negotiation for the specified range of ports. [10 | 100 | 1000]  Configures the speed in Mbps for the specified range of ports. [half | full]  Configures the specified range of ports as either full or half-duplex. [master | slave | None] – The master and slave parameters refer to connections running a 1000BASE-T cable for connection between the Switch port and other device capable of a gigabit connection. The master setting will allow the port to advertise capabilities related to duplex, speed and physical layer type. The master setting will also determine the master and slave relationship between the two connected physical layers. This relationship is necessary for establishing the timing control between the two physical layers. The timing control is set on a master physical layer by a local source. The slave setting uses loop timing, where the timing comes form a data stream received from the master. If one connection is set for 1000 master, the other side of the connection must be set for 1000 slave.

28 config ports Any other configuration will result in a link down status for both ports. None denotes the Switch will serve no role for stacking. flow_control [enabled | disabled] – Enable or disable flow control for the specified ports. learning [enabled| disabled]  Enables or disables the MAC address learning on the specified range of ports. state [enabled | disabled]  Enables or disables the specified range of ports. description - Enter an alphanumeric string of no more than 32 characters to describe a selected port interface. clear – Enter this command to clear the port description of the selected port(s). Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the speed of port 3 of unit 1 to be 10 Mbps, full duplex, learning and state enable: DES-6500:4#config ports 1:1-1:3 speed 10_full learning enabled state enabled Command: config ports 1:1-1:3 speed 10_full learning enabled state enabled Success. DES-6500:4# show ports Purpose Used to display the current configuration of a range of ports. Syntax show ports {} {description} Description This command is used to display the current configuration of a range of ports. Parameters {}  Specifies a range of ports to be displayed. The port list is specified by listing the lowest line card number and the beginning port number on that line card, separated by a colon. Then the highest line card number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies line card number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies line card number 2, port 4. 1:3- 2:4 specifies all of the ports between line card 1, port 3 and line card 2, port 4  in numerical order. {description} – Adding this parameter to the command will allow the user to view previously configured descriptions set on various ports on the Switch. Restrictions None. Example usage:

29 To display the configuration of all ports on a standalone switch: DES-6500:4#show ports Command: show ports Port Port Settings Connection Address State Speed/Duplex/FlowCtrl Speed/Duplex/FlowCtrl Learning ------ -------- --------------------- -------------------- ------- 1:1 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 1:2 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 1:3 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 1:4 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 1:5 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 1:6 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 1:7 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 1:8 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 1:9 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 1:10 Enabled Auto/Enabled 100M/Full/802.3x Enabled 1:11 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 1:12 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled 2:1 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 2:2 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 2:3 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 2:4 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 2:5 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 2:6 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 2:7 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled 2:8 Enabled Auto/Disabled Link Down Enabled CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh Example usage; To display port descriptions:

30 DES-6500:4#show ports 1:1 description Command: show ports 1:1 description Port Port Settings Connection Addre State Speed/Duplex/FlowCtrl Speed/Duplex/FlowCtrl Learning ------ -------- --------------------- --------------------- -------- 1:1 Enabled Auto/Enabled Link Down Enabled Description: Accounting CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh

31 6 PORT SECURITY COMMANDS The port security commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters config port_security ports [ | all] {admin_state [enabled | disabled] | max_learning_addr | lock_address_mode [Permanent | DeleteOnTimeout | DeleteOnReset]} show port_security {ports } delete port_security_entry_vlan_name port mac_address Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. config port_security ports Purpose Used to configure port security settings. Syntax [ | all] {admin_state [enabled | disabled] | max_learning_addr | lock_address_mode [Permanent | DeleteOnTimeout | DeleteOnReset]} Description This command allows for the configuration of the port security feature. Only the ports listed in the are effected. Parameters  Specifies a range of ports to be displayed. The port list is specified by listing the lowest line card number and the beginning port number on that line card, separated by a colon. Then the highest line card number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies line card number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies line card number 2, port 4. 1:3- 2:4 specifies all of the ports between line card 1, port 3 and line card 2, port 4  in numerical order. all  Configure port security for all ports on the Switch. admin_state [enabled | disabled] – Enable or disable port security for the listed ports. max_learning_addr - Use this to limit the number of MAC addresses dynamically listed in the FDB for the ports. lock_address_mode [Permanent | DeleteOnTimeout | DeleteOnReset] – Indicates the method of locking addresses. The user has three choices:  Permanent – The locked addresses will not age out after the aging timer expires.  DeleteOnTimeout – The locked addresses will age out after the aging timer expires.  DeleteOnReset – The locked addresses will not age out until the Switch has been reset. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage:

32 To configure the port security: DES-6500:4#config port_security ports 5:1-5:5 admin_state enabled max_learning_addr 5 lock_address_mode DeleteOnReset Command: config port_security ports 5:1-5:5 admin_state enabled max_learning_addr 5 lock_address_mode DeleteOnReset Success DES-6500:4# show port_security Purpose Used to display the current port security configuration. Syntax show port_security {ports } Description This command is used to display port security information of the Switch ports. The information displayed includes port security admin state, maximum number of learning address and lock mode. Parameters ports  Specifies a range of ports to be displayed. The port list is specified by listing the lowest line card number and the beginning port number on that switch, separated by a colon. Then the highest line card number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies line card number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies line card number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between line card 1, port 3 and line card 2, port 4  in numerical order. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the port security configuration:

33 DES-6500:4#show port_security ports 1:1-1:10 Command: show port_security ports 1:1-1:10 Port# Admin State Max. Learning Addr. Lock Address Mode ---- ----------- ------------------- ------------ 1:1 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 1:2 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 1:3 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 1:4 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 1:5 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 1:6 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 1:7 Enabled 10 DeleteOnReset 1:8 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 1:9 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset 1:10 Disabled 1 DeleteOnReset DES-6500:4# delete port_security_entry_vlan_name Purpose Used to delete an entry from the Switch’s port security settings. Syntax delete port_security_entry_vlan_name port mac_address Description This command is used to remove an entry from the port security entries learned by the Switch and entered into the forwarding database. Parameters - Enter the corresponding VLAN of the entry to delete. port - Enter the corresponding port of the entry to delete. The port is specified by listing the lowest line card number and the beginning port number on that line card, separated by a colon. For example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. mac_address - Enter the corresponding MAC address of the entry to delete. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete an entry from the port security list:

34 DES-6500:4#delete port_security_entry_vlan_name default port 1:1 mac_address 00-0C-6E-73-2B-C9 Command: delete port_security_entry_vlan_name default port 1:1 mac_address 00-0C-6E-73-2B-C9 Success DES-6500:4#

35 7 NETWORK MANAGEMENT (SNMP) COMMANDS The network management commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. The xStack DES-6500 support the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) versions 1, 2c, and 3. Users can specify which version of SNMP to use to monitor and control the Switch. The three versions of SNMP vary in the level of security provided between the management station and the network device. The following table lists the security features of the three SNMP versions: SNMP Version Authentication Method Description v1 Community String Community String is used for authentication  NoAuthNoPriv v2c Community String Community String is used for authentication  NoAuthNoPriv v3 Username Username is used for authentication  NoAuthNoPriv v3 MD5 or SHA Authentication is based on the HMAC-MD5 or HMAC- SHA algorithms  AuthNoPriv v3 MD5 DES or SHA DES Authentication is based on the HMAC-MD5 or HMAC- SHA algorithms  AuthPriv. DES 56-bit encryption is added based on the CBC-DES (DES-56) standard Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. Command Parameters create snmp user create snmp user {encrypted [by_password auth [md5 | sha ] priv [none | des ] | by_key auth [md5 | sha ] priv [none | des ]]} delete snmp user show snmp user create snmp view view_type [included | excluded] delete snmp view [all | oid] show snmp view {} create snmp community view [read_only | read_write] delete snmp community show snmp community {}

36 Command Parameters config snmp engineID show snmp engineID create snmp group {v1 | v2c | v3 [noauth_nopriv | auth_nopriv | auth_priv]} {read_view | write_view | notify_view } delete snmp group show snmp groups create snmp host {v1 |v2c | v3 [noauth_nopriv | auth_nopriv | auth_priv]} delete snmp host show snmp host {} create trusted_host delete trusted_host show trusted_host {} enable snmp traps enable snmp authenticate_traps show snmp traps disable snmp traps disable snmp authenticate_traps config snmp system contact config snmp system location config snmp system name enable rmon disable rmon Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. create snmp user Purpose Used to create a new SNMP user and adds the user to an SNMP group that is also created by this command. Syntax create snmp user {encrypted [by_password auth [md5 | sha ] priv [none | des ] | by_key auth [md5 | sha ] priv [none | des ]]} Description The create snmp user command creates a new SNMP user and adds the user to an SNMP group that is also created by this command. SNMP ensures: Message integrity  Ensures that packets have not been tampered with during transit. Authentication  Determines if an SNMP message is from a valid

37 create snmp user source. Encryption  Scrambles the contents of messages to prevent it from being viewed by an unauthorized source. Parameters  An alphanumeric name of up to 32 characters that will identify the new SNMP user.  An alphanumeric name of up to 32 characters that will identify the SNMP group with which the new SNMP user will be associated. encrypted – Allows the user to choose a type of authorization for authentication using SNMP. The user may choose:  by_password – Requires the SNMP user to enter a password for authentication and privacy. The password is defined by specifying the auth_password below. This method is recommended.  by_key – Requires the SNMP user to enter a encryption key for authentication and privacy. The key is defined by specifying the key in hex form below. This method is not recommended. auth - The user may also choose the type of authentication algorithms used to authenticate the snmp user. The choices are:  md5  Specifies that the HMAC-MD5-96 authentication level will be used. md5 may be utilized by entering one of the following:  - An alphanumeric sting of between 8 and 16 characters that will be used to authorize the agent to receive packets for the host.  - Enter an alphanumeric sting of exactly 32 characters, in hex form, to define the key that will be used to authorize the agent to receive packets for the host.  sha  Specifies that the HMAC-SHA-96 authentication level will be used.  - An alphanumeric sting of between 8 and 20 characters that will be used to authorize the agent to receive packets for the host.  - Enter an alphanumeric sting of exactly 40 characters, in hex form, to define the key that will be used to authorize the agent to receive packets for the host. priv – Adding the priv (privacy) parameter will allow for encryption in addition to the authentication algorithm for higher security. The user may choose:  des – Adding this parameter will allow for a 56-bit encryption to be added using the DES-56 standard using:  - An alphanumeric string of between 8 and 16 characters that will be used to encrypt the contents of messages the host sends to the agent.

38 create snmp user  - Enter an alphanumeric key string of exactly 32 characters, in hex form, that will be used to encrypt the contents of messages the host sends to the agent.  none – Adding this parameter will add no encryption. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create an SNMP user on the Switch: DES-6500:4#create snmp user dlink default encrypted by_password auth md5 auth_password priv none Command: create snmp user dlink default encrypted by_password auth md5 auth_password priv none Success. DES-6500:4# delete snmp user Purpose Used to remove an SNMP user from an SNMP group and also to delete the associated SNMP group. Syntax delete snmp user Description The delete snmp user command removes an SNMP user from its SNMP group and then deletes the associated SNMP group. Parameters  An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that identifies the SNMP user that will be deleted. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete a previously entered SNMP user on the Switch: DES-6500:4#delete snmp user dlink Command: delete snmp user dlink Success. DES-6500:4#

39 show snmp user Purpose Used to display information about each SNMP username in the SNMP group username table. Syntax show snmp user Description The show snmp user command displays information about each SNMP username in the SNMP group username table. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To display the SNMP users currently configured on the Switch: DES-6500:4#show snmp user Command: show snmp user Username Group Name VerAuthPriv --------------- ------------------ -------------- initial initial V3 NoneNone Total Entries: 1 DES-6500:4# create snmp view Purpose Used to assign views to community strings to limit which MIB objects and SNMP manager can access. Syntax create snmp view view_type [included | excluded] Description The create snmp view command assigns views to community strings to limit which MIB objects an SNMP manager can access. Parameters  An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that identifies the SNMP view that will be created.  The object ID that identifies an object tree (MIB tree) that will be included or excluded from access by an SNMP manager. included  Include this object in the list of objects that an SNMP manager can access. excluded  Exclude this object from the list of objects that an SNMP manager can access. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create an SNMP view:

40 DES-6500:4#create snmp view dlinkview 1.3.6 view_type included Command: create snmp view dlinkview 1.3.6 view_type included Success. DES-6500:4# delete snmp view Purpose Used to remove an SNMP view entry previously created on the Switch. Syntax delete snmp view [all | ] Description The delete snmp view command is used to remove an SNMP view previously created on the Switch. Parameters  An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that identifies the SNMP view to be deleted. all  Specifies that all of the SNMP views on the Switch will be deleted.  The object ID that identifies an object tree (MIB tree) that will be deleted from the Switch. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete a previously configured SNMP view from the Switch: DES-6500:4#delete snmp view dlinkview all Command: delete snmp view dlinkview all Success. DES-6500:4# show snmp view Purpose Used to display an SNMP view previously created on the Switch. Syntax show snmp view {} Description The show snmp view command displays an SNMP view previously created on the Switch. Parameters  An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that identifies the SNMP view that will be displayed. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display SNMP view configuration:

41 DES-6500:4#show snmp view Command: show snmp view Vacm View Table Settings View Name Subtree View Type ------------------------------------------------ ReadView 1 Included WriteView 1 Included NotifyView 1.3.6 Included restricted 1.3.6.1.2.1.1 Included restricted 1.3.6.1.2.1.11 Included restricted 1.3.6.1.6.3.10.2.1 Included restricted 1.3.6.1.6.3.11.2.1 Included restricted 1.3.6.1.6.3.15.1.1 Included CommunityView 1 Included CommunityView 1.3.6.1.6.3 Excluded CommunityView 1.3.6.1.6.3.1 Included Total Entries: 11 DES-6500:4# create snmp community Purpose Used to create an SNMP community string to define the relationship between the SNMP manager and an agent. The community string acts like a password to permit access to the agent on the Switch. One or more of the following characteristics can be associated with the community string: An Access List of IP addresses of SNMP managers that are permitted to use the community string to gain access to the Switch’s SNMP agent. An MIB view that defines the subset of all MIB objects that will be accessible to the SNMP community. Read-write or read-only level permission for the MIB objects accessible to the SNMP community. Syntax create snmp community view [read_only | read_write] Description The create snmp community command is used to create an SNMP community string and to assign access-limiting characteristics to this community string. Parameters  An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify members of an SNMP community. This string is used like a password to give remote SNMP managers access to MIB objects in the Switch’s SNMP agent. view  An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify the group of MIB objects that a remote SNMP manager is

42 create snmp community allowed to access on the Switch. read_only  Specifies that SNMP community members using the community string created with this command can only read the contents of the MIBs on the Switch. read_write  Specifies that SNMP community members using the community string created with this command can read from and write to the contents of the MIBs on the Switch. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create the SNMP community string “dlink:” DES-6500:4#create snmp community dlink view ReadView read_write Command: create snmp community dlink view ReadView read_write Success. DES-6500:4# delete snmp community Purpose Used to remove a specific SNMP community string from the Switch. Syntax delete snmp community Description The delete snmp community command is used to remove a previously defined SNMP community string from the Switch. Parameters  An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify members of an SNMP community. This string is used like a password to give remote SNMP managers access to MIB objects in the Switch’s SNMP agent. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete the SNMP community string “dlink:” DES-6500:4#delete snmp community dlink Command: delete snmp community dlink Success. DES-6500:4#

43 show snmp community Purpose Used to display SNMP community strings configured on the Switch. Syntax show snmp community {} Description The show snmp community command is used to display SNMP community strings that are configured on the Switch. Parameters  An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify members of an SNMP community. This string is used like a password to give remote SNMP managers access to MIB objects in the Switch’s SNMP agent. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the currently entered SNMP community strings: DES-6500:4#show snmp community Command: show snmp community SNMP Community Table Community Name View Name Access Right ------------------------------------------------ dlink ReadView read_write private CommunityView read_write public CommunityView read_only Total Entries: 3 DES-6500:4# config snmp engineID Purpose Used to configure a name for the SNMP engine on the Switch. Syntax config snmp engineID Description The config snmp engineID command configures a name for the SNMP engine on the Switch. Parameters  An alphanumeric string that will be used to identify the SNMP engine on the Switch. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To give the SNMP agent on the Switch the name “0035636666” DES-6500:4#config snmp engineID 0035636666 Command: config snmp engineID 0035636666

44 Success. DES-6500:4# show snmp engineID Purpose Used to display the identification of the SNMP engine on the Switch. Syntax show snmp engineID Description The show snmp engineID command displays the identification of the SNMP engine on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the current name of the SNMP engine on the Switch: DES-6500:4#show snmp engineID Command: show snmp engineID SNMP Engine ID : 0035636666 DES-6500:4# create snmp group Purpose Used to create a new SNMP group, or a table that maps SNMP users to SNMP views. Syntax create snmp group [v1 | v2c | v3 [noauth_nopriv | auth_nopriv | auth_priv]] {read_view | write_view | notify_view } Description The create snmp group command creates a new SNMP group, or a table that maps SNMP users to SNMP views. Parameters  An alphanumeric name of up to 32 characters that will identify the SNMP group the new SNMP user will be associated with. v1 – Specifies that SNMP version 1 will be used. The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), version 1, is a network management protocol that provides a means to monitor and control network devices. v2c – Specifies that SNMP version 2c will be used. The SNMP v2c supports both centralized and distributed network management strategies. It includes improvements in the Structure of Management Information (SMI) and adds some security features. v3 – Specifies that the SNMP version 3 will be used. SNMP v3 provides secure access to devices through a combination of authentication and encrypting packets over the network. SNMP v3 adds:  Message integrity  Ensures that packets have not been tampered with during transit.

45 create snmp group  Authentication  Determines if an SNMP message is from a valid source.  Encryption  Scrambles the contents of messages to prevent it being viewed by an unauthorized source. noauth_nopriv  Specifies that there will be no authorization and no encryption of packets sent between the Switch and a remote SNMP manager. auth_nopriv  Specifies that authorization will be required, but there will be no encryption of packets sent between the Switch and a remote SNMP manager. auth_priv  Specifies that authorization will be required, and that packets sent between the Switch and a remote SNMP manger will be encrypted. read_view – Specifies that the SNMP group being created can request SNMP messages. write_view – Specifies that the SNMP group being created has write privileges.  An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify the group of MIB objects that a remote SNMP manager is allowed to access on the Switch. notify_view  Specifies that the SNMP group being created can receive SNMP trap messages generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create an SNMP group named “sg1:” DES-6500:4#create snmp group sg1 v3 noauth_nopriv read_view v1 write_view v1 notify_view v1 Command: create snmp group sg1 v3 noauth_nopriv read_view v1 write_view v1 notify_view v1 Success. DES-6500:4# delete snmp group Purpose Used to remove an SNMP group from the Switch. Syntax delete snmp group Description The delete snmp group command is used to remove an SNMP group from the Switch. Parameters  An alphanumeric name of up to 32 characters that will identify the SNMP group to be deleted. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage:

46 To delete the SNMP group named “sg1”. DES-6500:4#delete snmp group sg1 Command: delete snmp group sg1 Success. DES-6500:4# show snmp groups Purpose Used to display the group-names of SNMP groups currently configured on the Switch. The security model, level, and status of each group are also displayed. Syntax show snmp groups Description The show snmp groups command displays the group-names of SNMP groups currently configured on the Switch. The security model, level, and status of each group are also displayed. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the currently configured SNMP groups on the Switch: DES-6500:4#show snmp groups Command: show snmp groups Vacm Access Table Settings Group Name : Group3 ReadView Name : ReadView WriteView Name : WriteView Notify View Name : NotifyView Security Model : SNMPv3 Security Level : NoAuthNoPriv Group Name : Group4 ReadView Name : ReadView WriteView Name : WriteView Notify View Name : NotifyView Security Model : SNMPv3 Security Level : authNoPriv Group Name : Group5

47 ReadView Name : ReadView WriteView Name : WriteView Notify View Name : NotifyView Security Model : SNMPv3 Security Level : authNoPriv Group Name : Group6 ReadView Name : ReadView WriteView Name : WriteView Notify View Name : NotifyView Security Model : SNMPv3 Security Level : authPriv Group Name : Group7 ReadView Name : ReadView WriteView Name : WriteView Notify View Name : NotifyView Security Model : SNMPv3 Security Level : authPriv Group Name : initial ReadView Name : restricted WriteView Name : Notify View Name : restricted Security Model : SNMPv3 Security Level : NoAuthNoPriv Group Name : ReadGroup ReadView Name : CommunityView WriteView Name : Notify View Name : CommunityView Security Model : SNMPv1 Security Level : NoAuthNoPriv Group Name : ReadGroup ReadView Name : CommunityView WriteView Name : Notify View Name : CommunityView Security Model : SNMPv2 Security Level : NoAuthNoPriv

48 Group Name : WriteGroup ReadView Name : CommunityView WriteView Name : CommunityView Notify View Name : CommunityView Security Model : SNMPv1 Security Level : NoAuthNoPriv Group Name : WriteGroup ReadView Name : CommunityView WriteView Name : CommunityView Notify View Name : CommunityView Security Model : SNMPv2 Security Level : NoAuthNoPriv Total Entries: 10 DES-6500:4# create snmp host Purpose Used to create a recipient of SNMP traps generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Syntax create snmp host [v1 | v2c | v3 [noauth_nopriv | auth_nopriv | auth_priv]] Description The create snmp host command creates a recipient of SNMP traps generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Parameters  The IP address of the remote management station that will serve as the SNMP host for the Switch. v1 – Specifies that SNMP version 1 will be used. The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), version 1, is a network management protocol that provides a means to monitor and control network devices. v2c – Specifies that SNMP version 2c will be used. The SNMP v2c supports both centralized and distributed network management strategies. It includes improvements in the Structure of Management Information (SMI) and adds some security features. v3 – Specifies that the SNMP version 3 will be used. SNMP v3 provides secure access to devices through a combination of authentication and encrypting packets over the network. SNMP v3 adds:  Message integrity  Ensures that packets have not been tampered with during transit.  Authentication  Determines if an SNMP message is from a valid source.  Encryption  Scrambles the contents of messages to prevent it

49 create snmp host being viewed by an unauthorized source. noauth_nopriv  Specifies that there will be no authorization and no encryption of packets sent between the Switch and a remote SNMP manager. auth_nopriv  Specifies that authorization will be required, but there will be no encryption of packets sent between the Switch and a remote SNMP manager. auth_priv  Specifies that authorization will be required, and that packets sent between the Switch and a remote SNMP manger will be encrypted.  An alphanumeric string used to authorize a remote SNMP manager to access the Switch’s SNMP agent. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create an SNMP host to receive SNMP messages: DES-6500:4#create snmp host 10.48.74.100 v3 auth_priv public Command: create snmp host 10.48.74.100 v3 auth_priv public Success. DES-6500:4# delete snmp host Purpose Used to remove a recipient of SNMP traps generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Syntax delete snmp host Description The delete snmp host command deletes a recipient of SNMP traps generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Parameters  The IP address of a remote SNMP manager that will receive SNMP traps generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent.  The alphanumeric string created to authorize a remote SNMP manager to access the Switch’s SNMP agent. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete an SNMP host entry: DES-6500:4#delete snmp host 10.48.74.100 public Command: delete snmp host 10.48.74.100 public

50 Success. DES-6500:4# show snmp host Purpose Used to display the recipient of SNMP traps generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Syntax show snmp host {} Description The show snmp host command is used to display the IP addresses and configuration information of remote SNMP managers that are designated as recipients of SNMP traps that are generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Parameters  The IP address of a remote SNMP manager that will receive SNMP traps generated by the Switch’s SNMP agent. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the currently configured SNMP hosts on the Switch: DES-6500:4#show snmp host Command: show snmp host SNMP Host Table Host IP Address SNMP Version Community Name/SNMPv3 User Name --------------- --------------------- ------------------------------ 10.48.76.23 V2c private 10.48.74.100 V3 authpriv public Total Entries: 2 DES-6500:4# create trusted_host Purpose Used to create the trusted host. Syntax create trusted_host Description The create trusted_host command creates the trusted host. The Switch allows specification up to four IP addresses that are allowed to manage the Switch via in-band SNMP or TELNET based management software. These IP addresses must be members of the Management VLAN. If no IP addresses are specified, then there is nothing to prevent any IP address from accessing the Switch, provided the user knows the Username and Password. Parameters  The IP address of the trusted host.

51 create trusted_host Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create the trusted host: DES-6500:4#create trusted_host 10.48.74.121 Command: create trusted_host 10.48.74.121 Success. DES-6500:4# show trusted_host Purpose Used to display a list of trusted hosts entered on the Switch using the create trusted_host command above. Syntax show trusted_host { } Description This command is used to display a list of trusted hosts entered on the Switch using the create trusted_host command above. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example Usage: To display the list of trust hosts: DES-6500:4#show trusted_host Command: show trusted_host Management Stations IP Address -------------------- 10.53.13.94 Total Entries: 1 DES-6500:4# delete trusted_host Purpose Used to delete a trusted host entry made using the create trusted_host command above. Syntax delete trusted _host

52 delete trusted_host Description This command is used to delete a trusted host entry made using the create trusted_host command above. Parameters  The IP address of the trusted host. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete a trusted host with an IP address 10.48.74.121: DES-6500:4#delete trusted_host 10.48.74.121 Command: delete trusted_host 10.48.74.121 Success. DES-6500:4# enable snmp traps Purpose Used to enable SNMP trap support. Syntax enable snmp traps Description The enable snmp traps command is used to enable SNMP trap support on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable SNMP trap support on the Switch: DES-6500:4#enable snmp traps Command: enable snmp traps Success. DES-6500:4# enable snmp authenticate_traps Purpose Used to enable SNMP authentication trap support. Syntax enable snmp authenticate_traps Description This command is used to enable SNMP authentication trap support on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example Usage:

53 To turn on SNMP authentication trap support: DES-6500:4#enable snmp authenticate_traps Command: enable snmp authenticate_traps Success. DES-6500:4# show snmp traps Purpose Used to show SNMP trap support on the Switch . Syntax show snmp traps Description This command is used to view the SNMP trap support status currently configured on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To view the current SNMP trap support: DES-6500:4#show snmp traps Command: show snmp traps SNMP Traps : Enabled Authenticate Traps : Enabled DES-6500:4# disable snmp traps Purpose Used to disable SNMP trap support on the Switch. Syntax disable snmp traps Description This command is used to disable SNMP trap support on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example Usage: To prevent SNMP traps from being sent from the Switch: DES-6500:4#disable snmp traps Command: disable snmp traps Success.

54 DES-6500:4# disable snmp authenticate_traps Purpose Used to disable SNMP authentication trap support. Syntax disable snmp authenticate_traps Description This command is used to disable SNMP authentication support on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example Usage: To disable the SNMP authentication trap support: DES-6500:4#disable snmp authenticate_traps Command: disable snmp authenticate_traps Success. DES-6500:4# config snmp system_contact Purpose Used to enter the name of a contact person who is responsible for the Switch. Syntax config snmp system_contact Description The config snmp system_contact command is used to enter the name and/or other information to identify a contact person who is responsible for the Switch. A maximum of 255 character can be used. Parameters - A maximum of 255 characters is allowed. A NULL string is accepted if there is no contact. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the Switch contact to “MIS Department II”:

55 DES-6500:4#config snmp system_contact MIS Department II Command: config snmp system_contact MIS Department II Success. DES-6500:4# config snmp system_location Purpose Used to enter a description of the location of the Switch. Syntax config snmp system_location Description The config snmp system_location command is used to enter a description of the location of the Switch. A maximum of 255 characters can be used. Parameters - A maximum of 255 characters is allowed. A NULL string is accepted if there is no location desired. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the Switch location for “HQ 5F”: DES-6500:4#config snmp system_location HQ 5F Command: config snmp system_location HQ 5F Success. DES-6500:4# config snmp system_name Purpose Used to configure the name for the Switch. Syntax config snmp system_name Description The config snmp system_name command configures the name of the Switch. Parameters - A maximum of 255 characters is allowed. A NULL string is accepted if no name is desired. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the Switch name for “DES-6500 Chassis Switch”:

56 DES-6500:4#config snmp system_name DES-6500 Chassis Switch Command: config snmp system_name DES-6500 Chassis Switch Success. DES-6500:4# enable rmon Purpose Used to enable RMON on the Switch. Syntax enable rmon Description This command is used, in conjunction with the disable rmon command below, to enable and disable remote monitoring (RMON) on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable RMON: DES-6500:4#enable rmon Command: enable rmon Success. DES-6500:4# disable rmon Purpose Used to disable RMON on the Switch. Syntax disable rmon Description This command is used, in conjunction with the enable rmon command above, to enable and disable remote monitoring (RMON) on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable RMON:

57 DES-6500:4#disable rmon Command: disable rmon Success. DES-6500:4#

58 8 SWITCH UTILITY COMMANDS The switch utility commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters download [firmware_fromTFTP unit [all_line_card | cpu | ] | cfg_fromTFTP {increment}] upload [cfg_toTFTP | log_toTFTP] ping {times } {timeout } traceroute {ttl | port | timeout | probe } enable autoconfig disable autoconfig show autoconfig Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. download Purpose Used to download and install new firmware or a switch configuration file from a TFTP server or a CompactFlash memory card. Syntax [firmware_fromTFTP unit [all_line_card | cpu | ] | cfg_fromTFTP {increment}] Description This command is used to download a new firmware or a switch configuration file from a TFTP server or a CompactFlash memory card. Parameters firmware_fromTFTP  Download and install new firmware on the Switch from a TFTP server.   The IP address of the TFTP server. The TFTP server must be on the same IP subnet as the Switch.   The DOS path and filename of the firmware or switch configuration file on the TFTP server. For example, C:\3226S.had.  unit [all_line_card | cpu | ]  all specifies all installed modules except the CPU module, cpu specifies the chassis’ CPU module and is the unit ID of a specific installed module that will receive the download. cfg_fromTFTP - Download a switch configuration file from a TFTP server.   The IP address of the TFTP server. The TFTP server must be on the same IP subnet as the Switch.   The DOS path and filename of the firmware or switch configuration file on the TFTP server or CompactFlash card. For example, C:\3226S.had.

59 download  increment  Allows the download of a partial switch configuration file. This allows a file to be downloaded that will change only the Switch parameters explicitly stated in the configuration file. All other switch parameters will remain unchanged. Restrictions The TFTP server must be on the same IP subnet as the Switch. Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To download a configuration file: DES-6500:4#download cfg_to TFTP 10.48.74.121 c:\cfg\setting.txt Command: download cfg_to TFTP 10.48.74.121 c:\cfg\setting.txt Connecting to server................... Done. Download configuration............. Done. DES-6500:4# Due to a backward compatability issue, when a user upgrades to R3 firmware (3.00-B29), all settings previously configured for any ACL function (CPU ACL included) on the Switch will be lost. We recommend that the user save a configuration file of current settings before upgrading to R3 firmware.

60 upload Purpose Used to upload the current switch settings or the switch history log to a TFTP server or a CompactFlash memory card. Syntax upload [cfg_toTFTP | log_toTFTP] Description This command is used to upload either the Switch’s current settings, the Switch’s history log or firmware to a TFTP server or a CompactFlash memory card. Parameters cfg_toTFTP  Specifies that the Switch’s current settings will be uploaded to the TFTP server. log_toTFTP  Specifies that the Switch’s current log will be uploaded to the TFTP server.   The IP address of the TFTP server. The TFTP server must be on the same IP subnet as the Switch.   Specifies the location of the Switch configuration file on the TFTP server. This file will be replaced by the uploaded file from the Switch. Restrictions The TFTP server must be on the same IP subnet as the Switch. Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To upload a configuration file: DES-6500:4#upload cfg_toTFTP 10.48.74.121 c:\cfg\log.txt Command: upload cfg_to TFTP 10.48.74.121 c:\cfg\log.txt Connecting to server................... Done. Upload configuration...................Done. DES-6500:4# ping Purpose Used to test the connectivity between network devices. Syntax ping {times } {timeout } Description The ping command sends Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo messages to a remote IP address. The remote IP address will then “echo” or return the message. This is used to confirm connectivity between the Switch and the remote device. Parameters - Specifies the IP address of the host. times - The number of individual ICMP echo messages to be sent. The maximum value is 255. The default is 0. timeout - Defines the time-out period while waiting for a response from the remote device. A value of 1 to 99 seconds can

61 ping be specified. The default is 1 second. Pinging an IP address without the times parameter will ping the target device an infinite amount of times. Restrictions None. Example usage: To ping the IP address 10.48.74.121 four times: DES-6500:4#ping 10.48.74.121 times 4 Command: ping 10.48.74.121 Reply from 10.48.74.121, time<10ms Reply from 10.48.74.121, time<10ms Reply from 10.48.74.121, time<10ms Reply from 10.48.74.121, time<10ms Ping statistics for 10.48.74.121 Packets: Sent =4, Received =4, Lost =0 DES-6500:4#

62 traceroute Purpose Used to trace the routed path between the Switch and a destination endstation. Syntax {ttl | port | timeout | probe } Description The traceroute command users to trace a route between the Switch and a give host on the network. Parameters - Specifies the IP address of the host. ttl - The time to live value of the trace route request. This is the maximum number of routers the traceroute command will cross while seeking the network path between two devices. port - The port number. Must be above 1024.The value range is from 30000 to 64900. timeout - Defines the time-out period while waiting for a response from the remote device. The user may choose an entry between 1 and 65535 seconds. probe - The probe value is the number of times the Switch will send probe packets to the next hop on the intended traceroute path. The default is 1. Restrictions None. Example usage: To trace the routed path between the Switch and 10.48.74.121. DES-6500:4#traceroute 10.48.74.121 probe 3 Command: traceroute 10.48.74.121 probe 3 1 <10ms 10.254.254.251 2 <10ms 10.55.25.35 3 <10ms 10.22.35.1 DES-6500:4# enable autoconfig Purpose Used to activate the autoconfiguration function for the Switch. This will load a previously saved configuration file for current use. Syntax enable autoconfig Description When autoconfig is enabled on the Switch, the DHCP reply will contain a configuration file and path name. It will then request the file from the TFTP server specified in the reply. When autoconfig is enabled, the ipif settings will automatically become DHCP client. Parameters None. Restrictions When autoconfig is enabled, the Switch becomes a DHCP client automatically

63 enable autoconfig (same as: config ipif System dhcp). The DHCP server must have the TFTP server IP address and configuration file name, and be configured to deliver this information in the data field of the DHCP reply packet. The TFTP server must be running and have the requested configuration file in its base directory when the request is received from the Switch. Consult the DHCP server and TFTP server software instructions for information on loading a configuration file. If the Switch is unable to complete the autoconfiguration process the previously saved local configuration file present in Switch memory will be loaded. When autoconfig is enabled and the Switch is rebooted, the normal login screen will appear for a few moments while the autoconfig request (i.e. download configuration) is initiated. The console will then display the configuration parameters as they are loaded from the configuration file specified in the DHCP or TFTP server. This is exactly the same as using a download configuration command. After the entire Switch configuration is loaded, the Switch will automatically “logout” the server. The configuration settings will be saved automatically and become the active configuration. Upon booting up the autoconfig process is initiated, the console screen will appear similar to the example below. The configuration settings will be loaded in normal order. Example usage: To enable autoconfiguration on the Switch: DES-6500:4#enable autoconfig Command: enable autoconfig Success. DES-6500:4# DES-6500 Chassis Ethernet Switch Command Line Interface Firmware: Build 3.60.B02 Copyright(C) 2004-2008 D-Link Corporation. All rights reserved. DES-6500:4# DES-6500:4# DES-6500:4#download configuration 10.41.44.44 c:\cfg\setting.txt NOTE: Dual-purpose (DHCP/TFTP) server utility software may require entry of the configuration file name and path within the user interface. Alternatively, the DHCP software may require creating a separate ext file with the configuration file name and path in a specific directory on the server. Consult the documentation for the DCHP server software if you are unsure.

64 Command: download configuration 10.41.44.44 c:\cfg\setting.txt Connecting to server................... Done. Download configuration................. Done. The very end of the autoconfig process including the logout appears like this: DES-6500:4#disable authen_policy Command: disable authen_policy Success. DES-6500:4# DES-6500:4##------------------------------------------------- ------------------ DES-6500:4## End of configuration file for DES-6500 DES-6500:4# ********** * Logout * ********** disable autoconfig Purpose Use this to deactivate autoconfiguration from DHCP. Syntax disable autoconfig Description This instructs the Switch not to accept autoconfiguration instruction from the DHCP server. This does not change the IP settings of the Switch. The ipif settings will continue as DHCP client until changed with the config ipif command. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To stop the autoconfiguration function: DES-6500:4#disable autoconfig Command: disable autoconfig Success. DES-6500:4#

65 show autoconfig Purpose Used to display the current autoconfig status of the Switch. Syntax show autoconfig Description This will list the current status of the autoconfiguration function. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To show the autoconfig configuration set on the Switch: DES-6500:4#show autoconfig Command: show autoconfig Autoconfig disabled. Success. DES-6500:4# NOTE: With autoconfig enabled, the Switch ipif settings now define the Switch as a DHCP client. Use the show switch command to display the new IP settings status.

66 9 NETWORK MONITORING COMMANDS The network monitoring commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters show packet ports show error ports show utilization [ports | cpu] show stack_information clear counters {ports } clear log show log {index } enable syslog disable syslog show syslog create syslog host {severity [informational | warning | all] | facility [local0 | local1 | local2 | local3 | local4 | local5 | local6 | local7] | udp_port | ipaddress | state [enabled | disabled]} config syslog host [severity [informational | warning | all] | facility [local0 | local1 | local2 | local3 | local4 | local5 | local6 | local7] | udp_port | ipaddress | state [enabled | disabled]] config syslog host all [severity [informational | warning | all] | facility [local0 | local1 | local2 | local3 | local4 | local5 | local6 | local7] | udp_port | state [enabled | disabled]] delete syslog host { | all} show syslog host {} config system_severity [trap | log | all] [critical | warning | information] show system_severity Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. show packet ports Purpose Used to display statistics about the packets sent and received by the Switch. Syntax show packet ports Description This command is used to display statistics about packets sent and received by ports specified in the port list. The results are separated into three tables, labeled A, B, and C in the window above. Table A is relevant to the size of the packets, Table B is

67 show packet ports relevant to the type of packets and Table C is relevant to the type of frame associated with these packets. Parameters  Specifies a range of ports to be displayed. The port list is specified by listing the lowest line card number and the beginning port number on that line card, separated by a colon. Then the highest line card number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies line card number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies line card number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between line card 1, port 3 and line card 2, port 4  in numerical order. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the packets analysis for port 7 of module 2: DES-6500:4#show packet port 2:7 Command: show packet port 2:7 Port number : 2:7 (A) (B) Frame Size Frame Counts Frames/sec Frame Type Total Total/sec ------------ ------------ ---------- ---------- ------- --------- 64 3275 10 RX Bytes 408973 1657 65-127 755 10 RX Frames 4395 19 128-255 316 1 256-51 145 0 TX Bytes 7918 178 512-1023 15 0 TX Frames 111 2 1024-1518 0 0 (C) Unicast RX 152 1 Multicast RX 557 2 Broadcast RX 3686 16 L3 Unicast RX 0 0 L3 Unicast TX 0 0 CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh show error ports Purpose Used to display the error statistics for a range of ports. Syntax show error ports

68 show error ports Description This command will display all of the packet error statistics collected and logged by the Switch for a given port list. Parameters  Specifies a range of ports to be displayed. The port list is specified by listing the lowest line card number and the beginning port number on that line card, separated by a colon. Then the highest line card number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies line card number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies line card number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between line card 1, port 3 and line card 2, port 4  in numerical order. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the errors of the port 3 of module 1: DES-6500:4#show errors ports 1:3 Command: show errors ports 1:3 RX Frames TX Frames --------------- ---------------- CRC Error 19 Excessive Deferral 0 Undersize 0 CRC Error 0 Oversize 0 Late Collision 0 Fragment 0 Excessive Collision 0 Jabber 11 Single Collision 0 Drop Pkts 20837 Collision 0 CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh show utilization Purpose Used to display real-time port and CPU utilization statistics. Syntax show utilization [ports | cpu] Description This command will display the real-time port and CPU utilization statistics for the Switch. Parameters cpu – Entering this parameter will display the current CPU utilization of the Switch, as a percentage. ports – Entering this parameter will display the current utilization of all ports on the Switch. Restrictions None. Example usage:

69 To display the current CPU utilization: DES-6500:4#show utilization cpu Command: show utilization cpu CPU utilization : ------------------------------------------------- Five seconds - 15% One minute - 25% Five minutes - 14% DES-6500:4# To display the port utilization statistics: DES-6500:4#show utilization ports Command: show utilization ports Port TX/sec RX/sec Util Port TX/sec RX/sec Util ---- ---------- ---------- ---- ---- ---------- ---------- --- - 1:1 0 0 0 2:10 0 0 0 1:2 0 0 0 2:11 0 0 0 1:3 0 0 0 2:12 0 0 0 1:4 0 0 0 3:1 0 0 0 1:5 0 0 0 3:2 0 0 0 1:6 0 0 0 3:3 0 0 0 1:7 0 0 0 3:4 0 0 0 1:8 0 0 0 3:5 0 0 0 1:9 0 0 0 3:6 0 0 0 1:10 0 0 0 3:7 0 30 1 1:11 0 0 0 3:8 0 0 0 1:12 0 0 0 3:9 30 0 1 2:1 0 0 0 3:10 0 0 0 2:2 0 0 0 3:11 0 0 0 2:3 0 0 0 3:12 0 0 0 2:4 0 0 0 4:1 0 0 0 2:5 0 0 0 4:2 0 0 0 2:6 0 0 0 4:3 0 0 0 2:7 0 0 0 4:4 0 0 0 2:8 0 0 0 4:4 0 0 0 2:9 0 0 0 4:5 0 0 0 CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh

70 show stack_information Purpose Used to display the stack information table. Syntax show stack_information Description This command displays stack information. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Usage example: To display stack information: DES-6500:4#show stack_information Command: show stack_information Box Prio- Prom Runtime H/W ID Type Exist rity version version version --- ----------- ----- ----- -------- -------- -------- 1 DES-6505 no 2 DES-6508 exist 16 2.00-B23 3.60.B02 B3 3 DES-6505 no 4 DES-6507 no 5 DES-6507 no 6 DES-6504 no 7 DES-6504 no 8 DES-6508 no ----------------------------------------------------------------- Topology :STAR Current state:MASTER Box Count :1 DES-6500:4#

71 clear counters Purpose Used to clear the Switch’s statistics counters. Syntax clear counters {ports } Description This command will clear the counters used by the Switch to compile statistics. Parameters ports  Specifies a range of ports to be displayed. The port list is specified by listing the lowest line card number and the beginning port number on that line card, separated by a colon. Then the highest line card number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies line card number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies line card number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between line card 1, port 3 and line card 2, port 4  in numerical order. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To clear the counters: DES-6500:4#clear counters ports 2:7-2:9 Command: clear counters ports 2:7-2:9 Success. DES-6500:4# clear log Purpose Used to clear the Switch’s history log. Syntax clear log Description This command will clear the Switch’s history log. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To clear the log information: DES-6500:4#clear log Command: clear log Success. DES-6500:4#

72 show log Purpose Used to display the Switch history log. Syntax show log {index } Description This command will display the contents of the Switch’s history log. Parameters index  Enter a value that corresponds to an entry made in the log. Multiple entries may be made in the form of x-y where x is the earliest number of an entry in the log to view while y is the last entry in the log to be viewed. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the Switch history log: DES-6500:4#show log index 1-4 Command: show log index 1-4 Index Date Time Log Text ----- ---------- -------- ---------------------------------------------- - 4 2000-03-02 01:54:53 Port 1:13 link up, 100Mbps FULL duplex 3 2000-03-02 01:54:53 Spanning Tree Protocol is enabled 2 2000-03-02 01:54:53 Unit 1, System started up 1 2000-02-28 06:06:09 Spanning Tree Protocol is disabled DES-6500:4# enable syslog Purpose Used to enable the system log to be sent to a remote host. Syntax enable syslog Description The enable syslog command enables the system log to be sent to a remote host. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To the syslog function on the Switch: DES-6500:4#enable syslog Command: enable syslog Success. DES-6500:4#

73 disable syslog Purpose Used to disable the system log function on the Switch. Syntax disable syslog Description The disable syslog command disables the system log function on the Switch. After disabling, Syslog entries will no longer be sent to a remote host. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable the syslog function on the Switch: DES-6500:4#disable syslog Command: disable syslog Success. DES-6500:4# show syslog Purpose Used to display the syslog protocol status as enabled or disabled. Syntax show syslog Description The show syslog command displays the syslog status as enabled or disabled. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the current status of the syslog function: DES-6500:4#show syslog Command: show syslog Syslog Global State: Enabled DES-6500:4# create syslog host Purpose Used to create a new syslog host. Syntax {severity [informational | warning | all] | facility [local0

74 create syslog host | local1 | local2 | local3 | local4 | local5 | local6 | local7] | udp_port | ipaddress | state [enabled | disabled]} Description The create syslog host command is used to create a new syslog host. Parameters  Specifies that the command will be applied to an index of hosts. There are four available indexes, numbered 1 through 4. severity  Severity level indicator, as shown below: Bold font indicates that the corresponding severity level is currently supported on the Switch. Numerical Severity Code 0 Emergency: system is unusable 1 Alert: action must be taken immediately 2 Critical: critical conditions 3 Error: error conditions 4 Warning: warning conditions 5 Notice: normal but significant condition 6 Informational: informational messages 7 Debug: debug-level messages informational  Specifies that informational messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 6 from the list above. warning  Specifies that warning messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 4 from the list above. all  Specifies that all of the currently supported syslog messages that are generated by the Switch will be sent to the remote host. facility  Some of the operating system daemons and processes have been assigned Facility values. Processes and daemons that have not been explicitly assigned a Facility may use any of the "local use" facilities or they may use the "user-level" Facility. Those Facilities that have been designated are shown in the following: Bold font indicates the facility values that the Switch currently supports. Numerical Facility Code 0 kernel messages 1 user-level messages 2 mail system 3 system daemons 4 security/authorization messages 5 messages generated internally by syslog 6 line printer subsystem 7 network news subsystem 8 UUCP subsystem 9 clock daemon 10 security/authorization messages 11 FTP daemon 12 NTP subsystem 13 log audit 14 log alert 15 clock daemon 16 local use 0 (local0) 17 local use 1 (local1) 18 local use 2 (local2) 19 local use 3 (local3)

75 create syslog host 20 local use 4 (local4) 21 local use 5 (local5) 22 local use 6 (local6) 23 local use 7 (local7) local0  Specifies that local use 0 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 16 from the list above. local1  Specifies that local use 1 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 17 from the list above. local2  Specifies that local use 2 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 18 from the list above. local3  Specifies that local use 3 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 19 from the list above. local4  Specifies that local use 4 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 20 from the list above. local5  Specifies that local use 5 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 21 from the list above. local6  Specifies that local use 6 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 22 from the list above. local7  Specifies that local use 7 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 23 from the list above. udp_port  Specifies the UDP port number that the syslog protocol will use to send messages to the remote host. ipaddress  Specifies the IP address of the remote host where syslog messages will be sent. state [enabled | disabled]  Allows the sending of syslog messages to the remote host, specified above, to be enabled and disabled. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create syslog host: DES-6500:4#create syslog host 1 severity all facility local0 ipaddress 10.53.13.94 state enabled Command: create syslog host 1 severity all facility local0 ipaddress 10.53.13.94 state enabled Success. DES-6500:4# config syslog host Purpose Used to configure the syslog protocol to send system log data to a remote host. Syntax config syslog host [severity [informational | warning | all] | facility [local0 | local1 | local2 | local3 | local4 | local5 | local6 |

76 config syslog host local7] | udp_port | ipaddress | state [enabled | disabled]] Description The config syslog host command is used to configure the syslog protocol to send system log information to a remote host. Parameters  Specifies that the command will be applied to an index of hosts. There are four available indexes, numbered 1 through 4. severity  Severity level indicator. These are described in the following: Bold font indicates that the corresponding severity level is currently supported on the Switch. Numerical Severity Code 0 Emergency: system is unusable 1 Alert: action must be taken immediately 2 Critical: critical conditions 3 Error: error conditions 4 Warning: warning conditions 5 Notice: normal but significant condition 6 Informational: informational messages 7 Debug: debug-level messages informational  Specifies that informational messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 6 from the list above. warning  Specifies that warning messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 4 from the list above. all  Specifies that all of the currently supported syslog messages that are generated by the Switch will be sent to the remote host. facility  Some of the operating system daemons and processes have been assigned Facility values. Processes and daemons that have not been explicitly assigned a Facility may use any of the "local use" facilities or they may use the "user-level" Facility. Those Facilities that have been designated are shown in the following: Bold font indicates the facility values the Switch currently supports. Numerical Facility Code 0 kernel messages 1 user-level messages 2 mail system 3 system daemons 4 security/authorization messages 5 messages generated internally by syslog 6 line printer subsystem 7 network news subsystem 8 UUCP subsystem 9 clock daemon 10 security/authorization messages 11 FTP daemon 12 NTP subsystem 13 log audit 14 log alert 15 clock daemon 16 local use 0 (local0) 17 local use 1 (local1) 18 local use 2 (local2) 19 local use 3 (local3)

77 config syslog host 20 local use 4 (local4) 21 local use 5 (local5) 22 local use 6 (local6) 23 local use 7 (local7) local0  Specifies that local use 0 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 16 from the list above. local1  Specifies that local use 1 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 17 from the list above. local2  Specifies that local use 2 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 18 from the list above. local3  Specifies that local use 3 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 19 from the list above. local4  Specifies that local use 4 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 20 from the list above. local5  Specifies that local use 5 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 21 from the list above. local6  Specifies that local use 6 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 22 from the list above. local7  Specifies that local use 7 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 23 from the list above. udp_port  Specifies the UDP port number that the syslog protocol will use to send messages to the remote host. ipaddress  Specifies the IP address of the remote host where syslog messages will be sent. state [enabled | disabled]  Allows the sending of syslog messages to the remote host, specified above, to be enabled and disabled. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure a syslog host: DES-6500:4#config syslog host 1 severity all Command: config syslog host 1 severity all Success. DES-6500:4##config syslog host 1 facility local0 Command: config syslog host 1 facility local0 Success. DES-6500:4# config syslog host 1 udp_port 6000 Command: config syslog host 1 udp_port 6000

78 Success. DES-6500:4# config syslog host 1 ipaddress 10.44.67.8 Command: config syslog host 1 ipaddress 10.44.67.8 Success. DES-6500:4# config syslog host 1 state enabled Command: config syslog host 1 state enabled Success. DES-6500:4# config syslog host all Purpose Used to configure the syslog protocol to send system log data to a remote host. Syntax config syslog host all [severity [informational | warning | all] | facility [local0 | local1 | local2 | local3 | local4 | local5 | local6 | local7] | udp_port | state [enabled | disabled]] Description The config syslog host all command is used to configure the syslog protocol to send system log information to a remote host. Parameters all  Specifies that the command will be applied to all hosts. severity  Severity level indicator, as described below: Bold font indicates that the corresponding severity level is currently supported on the Switch. Numerical Severity Code 0 Emergency: system is unusable 1 Alert: action must be taken immediately 2 Critical: critical conditions 3 Error: error conditions 4 Warning: warning conditions 5 Notice: normal but significant condition 6 Informational: informational messages 7 Debug: debug-level messages informational  Specifies that informational messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 6 from the list above. warning  Specifies that warning messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 4 from the list above. all  Specifies that all of the currently supported syslog messages that are generated by the Switch will be sent to the remote host. facility  Some of the operating system daemons and processes have been assigned Facility values. Processes and daemons that have not

79 config syslog host all been explicitly assigned a Facility may use any of the "local use" facilities or they may use the "user-level" Facility. Those Facilities that have been designated are shown in the following: Bold font indicates that the facility values the Switch currently supports. Numerical Facility Code 0 kernel messages 1 user-level messages 2 mail system 3 system daemons 4 security/authorization messages 5 messages generated internally by syslog 6 line printer subsystem 7 network news subsystem 8 UUCP subsystem 9 clock daemon 10 security/authorization messages 11 FTP daemon 12 NTP subsystem 13 log audit 14 log alert 15 clock daemon 16 local use 0 (local0) 17 local use 1 (local1) 18 local use 2 (local2) 19 local use 3 (local3) 20 local use 4 (local4) 21 local use 5 (local5) 22 local use 6 (local6) 23 local use 7 (local7) local0  Specifies that local use 0 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 16 from the list above. local1  Specifies that local use 1 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 17 from the list above. local2  Specifies that local use 2 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 18 from the list above. local3  Specifies that local use 3 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 19 from the list above. local4  Specifies that local use 4 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 20 from the list above. local5  Specifies that local use 5 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 21 from the list above. local6  Specifies that local use 6 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 22 from the list above. local7  Specifies that local use 7 messages will be sent to the remote host. This corresponds to number 23 from the list above. udp_port  Specifies the UDP port number that the syslog protocol will use to send messages to the remote host. state [enabled | disabled]  Allows the sending of syslog messages to the remote host, specified above, to be enabled and disabled. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command.

80 Example usage: To configure all syslog hosts: DES-6500:4#config syslog host all severity all Command: config syslog host all severity all Success. DES-6500:4##config syslog host all facility local0 Command: config syslog host all facility local0 Success DES-6500:4# config syslog host all udp_port 6000 Command: config syslog host all udp_port 6000 Success. DES-6500:4# config syslog host all ipaddress 10.44.67.8 Command: config syslog host all ipaddress 10.44.67.8 Success. DES-6500:4# config syslog host all state enabled Command: config syslog host all state enabled Success. DES-6500:4# delete syslog host Purpose Used to remove a syslog host, that has been previously configured, from the Switch. Syntax delete syslog host [ | all] Description The delete syslog host command is used to remove a syslog host that has been previously configured from the Switch. Parameters  Specifies that the command will be applied to an index of hosts. There are four available indexes, numbered 1 through 4. all  Specifies that all syslog hosts will be deleted. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete a previously configured syslog host:

81 DES-6500:4#delete syslog host 4 Command: delete syslog host 4 Success. DES-6500:4# show syslog host Purpose Used to display the syslog hosts currently configured on the Switch. Syntax show syslog host {} Description The show syslog host command is used to display the syslog hosts that are currently configured on the Switch. Parameters  Specifies that the command will be applied to an index of hosts. There are four available indexes, numbered 1 through 4. Restrictions None. Example usage: To show syslog host information: DES-6500:4#show syslog host Command: show syslog host Syslog Global State: Disabled Host Id Host IP Address Severity Facility UDP port Status ------- --------------- -------------- -------- -------- ------ 1 10.1.1.2 All Local0 514 Disabled 2 10.40.2.3 All Local0 514 Disabled 3 10.21.13.1 All Local0 514 Disabled Total Entries : 3 DES-6500:4# config system_severity Purpose To configure when and where severity messages are to be recorded. Syntax config system_severity [trap | log | all] [critical | warning | information] Description This command is used to configure the system severity levels on the Switch. When an event occurs on the Switch, a message will be sent

82 config system_severity to the SNMP agent (trap), the Switch’s log or both. Events occurring on the Switch are separated into three main categories.  Information – Events classified as information are basic events occurring on the Switch that are not deemed as problematic, such as enabling or disabling various functions on the Switch.  Warning - Events classified as warning are problematic events that are not critical to the overall function of the Switch but do require attention, such as unsuccessful downloads or uploads and failed logins.  Critical – Events classified as critical are fatal exceptions occurring on the Switch, such as hardware failures or spoofing attacks. Parameters Choose one of the following to identify where severity messages are to be sent.  trap – Entering this parameter will define which events occurring on the Switch will be sent to a SNMP agent for analysis.  log – Entering this parameter will define which events occurring on the Switch will be sent to the Switch’s log for analysis.  all – Entering this parameter will define which events occurring on the Switch will be sent to a SNMP agent and the Switch’s log for analysis. Choose one of the following to identify what type of severity warnings are to be sent to the destination entered above.  critical – Entering this parameter along with the proper destination, stated above, will instruct the Switch to send only critical events to the Switch’s log or SNMP agent.  warning – Entering this parameter along with the proper destination, stated above, will instruct the Switch to send critical and warning events to the Switch’s log or SNMP agent.  information – Entering this parameter along with the proper destination, stated above, will instruct the switch to send informational, warning and critical events to the Switch’s log or SNMP agent. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the system severity: DES-6500:4#config system_severity trap critical Command: config system_severity trap critical Success. DES-6500:4#

83 show system_severity Purpose To display the current severity settings set on the Switch. Syntax show system_severity Description This command is used to view the severity settings that have been implemented on the Switch using the config system_severity command. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To view the system severity settings currently implemented on the Switch: DES-6500:4#show system_severity Command: show system_severity system_severity log : information system_severity trap : critical DES-6500:4#

84 10 MULTIPLE SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL (MSTP) COMMANDS This switch supports three versions of the Spanning Tree Protocol; 802.1d STP, 802.1w Rapid STP and 802.1s MSTP. Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol, or MSTP, is a standard defined by the IEEE community that allows multiple VLANs to be mapped to a single spanning tree instance, which will provide multiple pathways across the network. Therefore, these MSTP configurations will balance the traffic load, preventing wide scale disruptions when a single spanning tree instance fails. This will allow for faster convergences of new topologies for the failed instance. Frames designated for these VLANs will be processed quickly and completely throughout interconnected bridges utilizing either of the three spanning tree protocols (STP, RSTP or MSTP). This protocol will also tag BPDU packets so receiving devices can distinguish spanning tree instances, spanning tree regions and the VLANs associated with them. These instances will be classified by an instance_id. MSTP will connect multiple spanning trees with a Common and Internal Spanning Tree (CIST). The CIST will automatically determine each MSTP region, its maximum possible extent and will appear as one virtual bridge that runs a single spanning tree. Consequentially, frames assigned to different VLANs will follow different data routes within administratively established regions on the network, continuing to allow simple and full processing of frames, regardless of administrative errors in defining VLANs and their respective spanning trees. Each switch utilizing the MSTP on a network will have a single MSTP configuration that will have the following three attributes: a) A configuration name defined by an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters (defined in the config stp mst_config_id command as name ). b) A configuration revision number (named here as a revision_level) and; c) A 4096 element table (defined here as a vid_range) which will associate each of the possible 4096 VLANs supported by the Switch for a given instance. To utilize the MSTP function on the Switch, three steps need to be taken: a) The Switch must be set to the MSTP setting (config stp version) b) The correct spanning tree priority for the MSTP instance must be entered (config stp priority). c) VLANs that will be shared must be added to the MSTP Instance ID (config stp instance_id). The Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol commands in the Command Line Interface (CLI) are listed (along with the appropriate parameters) in the following table. Command Parameters enable stp disable stp config stp version [mstp | rstp | stp] config stp {maxage | maxhops | hellotime | forwarddelay | txholdcount | fbpdu [enable | disable] | lbd [enable | disable] | lbd_recover_timer [0 | ]} config stp ports {externalCost [auto | ] | hellotime | migrate [yes | no] edge [true | false] | p2p [true | false | auto ] | state [enable | disable] | lbd [enable | disable]} create stp instance_id config stp instance _id [add_vlan | remove_vlan]

85 Command Parameters delete stp instance_id config stp priority instance_id config stp mst_config_id {revision_level | name } config stp mst_ports instance_id {internalCost [auto | value 1-200000000] | priority } show stp show stp ports {} show stp instance_id {} show stp mst_config_id Each command is listed, in detail, in the following sections. enable stp Purpose Used to globally enable STP on the Switch. Syntax enable stp Description This command allows the Spanning Tree Protocol to be globally enabled on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To enable STP, globally, on the Switch: DES-6500:4#enable stp Command: enable stp Success. DES-6500:4# disable stp Purpose Used to globally disable STP on the Switch. Syntax disable stp Description This command allows the Spanning Tree Protocol to be globally disabled on the Switch. Parameters None. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To disable STP on the Switch:

86 DES-6500:4#disable stp Command: disable stp Success. DES-6500:4# config stp version Purpose Used to globally set the version of STP on the Switch. Syntax config stp version [mstp | rstp | stp] Description This command allows the user to choose the version of the spanning tree to be implemented on the Switch. Parameters mstp – Selecting this parameter will set the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) globally on the Switch. rstp - Selecting this parameter will set the Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) globally on the Switch. stp - Selecting this parameter will set the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) globally on the Switch. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To set the Switch globally for the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP): DES-6500:4#config stp version mstp Command: config stp version mstp Success. DES-6500:4# config stp Purpose Used to setup STP, RSTP and MSTP on the Switch. Syntax config stp {maxage | maxhops | hellotime | forwarddelay | txholdcount | fbpdu [enable | disable] | lbd [enable | disable] | lbd_recover_timer [0 | ]} Description This command is used to setup the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) for the entire switch. All commands here will be implemented for the STP version that is currently set on the Switch. Parameters maxage  This value may be set to ensure that old information does not endlessly circulate through redundant paths in the network, preventing the effective propagation of the new information. Set by the Root Bridge, this value will aid in determining that the Switch has spanning tree configuration values consistent with other devices on the bridged LAN. If the value ages out and a BPDU

87 config stp has still not been received from the Root Bridge, the Switch will start sending its own BPDU to all other switches for permission to become the Root Bridge. If it turns out that your switch has the lowest Bridge Identifier, it will become the Root Bridge. The user may choose a time between 6 and 40 seconds. The default value is 20. maxhops - The number of hops between devices in a spanning tree region before the BPDU (bridge protocol data unit) packet sent by the Switch will be discarded. Each switch on the hop count will reduce the hop count by one until the value reaches zero. The Switch will then discard the BDPU packet and the information held for the port will age out. The user may set a hop count from 1 to 20. The default is 20. hellotime  The user may set the time interval between transmission of configuration messages by the root device in STP, or by the designated router in RSTP, thus stating that the Switch is still functioning. A time between 1 and 10 seconds may be chosen, with a default setting of 2 seconds. In MSTP, the spanning tree is configured by port and therefore, the hellotime must be set using the configure stp ports command for switches utilizing the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol. forwarddelay  The maximum amount of time (in seconds) that the root device will wait before changing states. The user may choose a time between 4 and 30 seconds. The default is 15 seconds. txholdcount - The maximum number of BDPU Hello packets transmitted per interval. Default value = 3. fbpdu [enable | disable]  Allows the forwarding of STP BPDU packets from other network devices when STP is disabled on the Switch. The default is enable. lbd [enable | disable] – Enabling this feature temporarily blocks STP on the Switch when a BPDU packet has been looped back to the Switch. When the Switch detects its own BPDU packet coming back, it signifies a loop on the network. STP will automatically be blocked and an alert will be sent to the administrator. The LBD STP port will restart (change to discarding state) when the LBD Recover Time times out. The default is enabled. lbd_recover_timer [0 | ] - This field will set the time the STP port will wait before recovering the STP state set. 0 will denote that the LBD will never time out or restart until the administrator personally changes it. The user may also set a time between 60 and 1000000 seconds. The default is 60 seconds. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure STP with maxage 18 and maxhops of 15: DES-6500:4#config stp maxage 18 maxhops 15 Command: config stp maxage 18 maxhops 15 Success.

88 DES-6500:4# config stp ports Purpose Used to setup STP on the port level. Syntax config stp ports {externalCost [auto | ] | hellotime | migrate [yes | no] edge [true | false] | p2p [true | false | auto ] | state [enable | disable] | lbd [enable | disable]} Description This command is used to create and configure STP for a group of ports. Parameters  Specifies a range of ports to be displayed. The port list is specified by listing the lowest line card number and the beginning port number on that line card, separated by a colon. Then the highest line card number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies line card number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies line card number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between line card 1, port 3 and line card 2, port 4  in numerical order. externalCost  This defines a metric that indicates the relative cost of forwarding packets to the specified port list. Port cost can be set automatically or as a metric value. The default value is auto.  auto – Setting this parameter for the external cost will automatically set the speed for forwarding packets to the specified port(s) in the list for optimal efficiency. Default port cost: 100Mbps port = 200000. Gigabit port = 20000.  - Define a value between 1 and 200000000 to determine the external cost. The lower the number, the greater the probability the port will be chosen to forward packets. hellotime  The time interval between transmission of configuration messages by the designated port, to other devices on the bridged LAN, thus stating that the Switch is still functioning. The user may choose a time between 1 and 10 seconds. The default is 2 seconds. migrate [yes | no] – Setting this parameter as “yes” will set the ports to send out BDPU packets to other bridges, requesting information on their STP setting If the Switch is configured for RSTP, the port will be capable to migrate from 802.1d STP to 802.1w RSTP. If the Switch is configured for MSTP, the port is capable of migrating from 802.1d STP to 802.1s MSTP. RSTP and MSTP can coexist with standard STP, however the benefits of RSTP and MSTP are not realized on a port where an 802.1d network connects to an 802.1w or 802.1s enabled network. Migration should be set as yes on ports connected to network stations or segments that are capable of being upgraded to 802.1w RSTP or 802.1s MSTP on all or some portion of the segment. edge [true | false] – true designates the port as an edge port. Edge ports cannot create loops, however an edge port can lose edge port status if a topology change creates a potential for a loop. An edge port normally should not receive BPDU packets. If a BPDU packet is

89 config stp ports received it automatically loses edge port status. false indicates that the port does not have edge port status. p2p [true | false | auto] – true indicates a point-to-point (P2P) shared link. P2P ports are similar to edge ports however they are restricted in that a P2P port must operate in full-duplex. Like edge ports, P2P ports transition to a forwarding state rapidly thus benefiting from RSTP. A p2p value of false indicates that the port cannot have p2p status. auto allows the port to have p2p status whenever possible and operate as if the p2p status were true. If the port cannot maintain this status (for example if the port is forced to half-duplex operation) the p2p status changes to operate as if the p2p value were false. The default setting for this parameter is auto. state [enable | disable]  Allows STP to be enabled or disabled for the ports specified in the port list. The default is enable. lbd [enable | disable] - Used to enable or disable the loopback detection function on the switch for the ports configured above in the config stp command. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure STP with path cost 19, hellotime set to 5 seconds, migration enable, and state enable for ports 1-5 of module 1. DES-6500:4#config stp ports 1:1-1:5 externalCost 19 hellotime 5 migrate yes state enable Command: config stp ports 1:1-1:5 externalCost 19 hellotime 5 migrate yes state enable Success. DES-6500:4# create stp instance_id Purpose Used to create a STP instance ID for MSTP. Syntax create stp instance_id Description This command allows the user to create a STP instance ID for the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol. There are 16 STP instances on the Switch (one internal CIST, unchangeable) and the user may create up to 15 instance IDs for the Switch. Parameters - Enter a value between 1 and 15 to identify the Spanning Tree instance on the Switch. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To create a spanning tree instance 2:

90 DES-6500:4#create stp instance_id 2 Command: create stp instance_id 2 Success. DES-6500:4# config stp instance_id Purpose Used to add or delete an STP instance ID. Syntax config stp instance_id [add_vlan | remove_vlan] Description This command is used to map VIDs (VLAN IDs) to previously configured STP instances on the Switch by creating an instance_id. A STP instance may have multiple members with the same MSTP configuration. There is no limit to the number of STP regions in a network but each region only supports a maximum of 16 spanning tree instances (one unchangeable default entry). VIDs can belong to only one spanning tree instance at a time. Note that switches in the same spanning tree region having the same STP instance_id must be mapped identically, and have the same configuration revision_level number and the same name. Parameters - Enter a number between 1 and 15 to define the instance_id. The Switch supports 16 STP regions with one unchangeable default instance ID set as 0.  add_vlan – Along with the vid_range parameter, this command will add VIDs to the previously configured STP instance_id.  remove_vlan – Along with the vid_range parameter, this command will remove VIDs to the previously configured STP instance_id.  – Specify the VID range from configured VLANs set on the Switch. Supported VIDs on the Switch range from ID number 1 to 4094. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure instance ID 2 to add VID 10: DES-6500:4#config stp instance_id 2 add_vlan 10 Command : config stp instance_id 2 add_vlan 10 Success.

91 DES-6500:4# Example usage: To remove VID 10 from instance ID 2: DES-6500:4#config stp instance_id 2 remove_vlan 10 Command : config stp instance_id 2 remove_vlan 10 Success. DES-6500:4# delete stp instance_id Purpose Used to delete a STP instance ID from the Switch. Syntax delete stp instance_id Description This command allows the user to delete a previously configured STP instance ID from the Switch. Parameters - Enter a value between 1 and 15 to identify the Spanning Tree instance on the Switch. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To delete STP instance ID 2 from the Switch. DES-6500:4#delete stp instance_id 2 Command: delete stp instance_id 2 Success. DES-6500:4# config stp priority Purpose Used to update the STP instance configuration. Syntax config stp priority instance_id Description This command is used to update the STP instance configuration settings on the Switch. The MSTP will utilize the priority in selecting the root bridge, root port and designated port. Assigning higher priorities to STP regions will instruct the Switch to give precedence to the selected instance_id for forwarding packets. The lower the priority value set, the higher the priority. Parameters priority - Select a value between 0 and 61440 to specify the priority for a specified instance ID for forwarding packets. The lower the value, the higher the priority. This entry must be divisible by 4096.

92 config stp priority instance_id - Enter the value corresponding to the previously configured instance ID of which to set the priority value. An instance id of 0 denotes the default instance_id (CIST) internally set on the Switch. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To set the priority value for instance_id 2 as 4096: DES-6500:4#config stp priority 4096 instance_id 2 Command : config stp priority 4096 instance_id 2 Success. DES-6500:4# config stp mst_config_id Purpose Used to update the MSTP configuration identification. Syntax config stp mst_config_id {revision_level | name Description This command will uniquely identify the MSTP configuration currently configured on the Switch. Information entered here will be attached to BDPU packets as an identifier for the MSTP region to which it belongs. Switches having the same revision_level and name will be considered as part of the same MSTP region. Parameters revision_level – Enter a number between 0 and 65535 to identify the MSTP region. This value, along with the name will identify the MSTP region configured on the Switch. The default setting is 0. name - Enter an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters to uniquely identify the MSTP region on the Switch. This name, along with the revision_level value will identify the MSTP region configured on the Switch. If no name is entered, the default name will be the MAC address of the device. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To configure the MSTP region of the Switch with revision_level 10 and the name “Trinity”: DES-6500:4#config stp mst_config_id revision_level 10 name Trinity Command : config stp mst_config_id revision_level 10 name Trinity

93 Success. DES-6500:4# config stp mst_ports Purpose Used to update the port configuration for a MSTP instance. Syntax config stp mst_ports instance_id {internalCost [auto | ] `priority } Description This command will update the port configuration for a STP instance_id. If a loop occurs, the MSTP function will use the port priority to select an interface to put into the forwarding state. Set a higher priority value for interfaces to be selected for forwarding first. In instances where the priority value is identical, the MSTP function will implement the lowest port number into the forwarding state and other interfaces will be blocked. Remember that lower priority values mean higher priorities for forwarding packets. Parameters - Specifies a port or range of ports to be configured. The port list is specified by listing the lowest line card number and the beginning port number on that line card, separated by a colon. Then the highest line card number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies line card number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies line card number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between line card 1, port 3 and line card 2, port 4  in numerical order. instance_id - Enter a numerical value between 0 and 15 to identify the instance_id previously configured on the Switch. An entry of 0 will denote the CIST (Common and Internal Spanning Tree. internalCost – This parameter is set to represent the relative cost of forwarding packets to specified ports when an interface is selected within a STP instance. The default setting is auto. There are two options:  auto – Selecting this parameter for the internalCost will set quickest route automatically and optimally for an interface. The default value is derived from the media speed of the interface.  value 1-2000000 – Selecting this parameter with a value in the range of 1-2000000 will set the quickest route when a loop occurs. A lower internalCost represents a quicker transmission. priority - Enter a value between 0 and 240 to set the priority for the port interface. A higher priority will designate the interface to forward packets first. A lower number denotes a higher priority. Restrictions Only Administrator-level users can issue this command. Example usage: To designate ports 1 through 5 on module one, with instance ID 2, to have an auto internalCost and a priority of 16: DES-6500:4#config stp mst_config_id ports 1:1-1:5 instance_id 2 internalCost auto priority 16 Command : config stp mst_config_id ports 1:1-1:5

94 instance_id 2 internalCost auto priority 16 Success. DES-6500:4# show stp Purpose Used to display the Switch’s current STP configuration. Syntax show stp Description This command displays the Switch’s current STP configuration. Parameters None. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the status of STP on the Switch: Status 1: STP enabled with STP compatible version DES-6500:4#show stp Command: show stp STP Status : Enabled STP Version : STP Compatible Max Age : 20 Hello Time : 2 Forward Delay : 15 Max Age : 20 TX Hold Count : 3 Forwarding BPDU : Enabled Loopback Detection : Enabled LBD Recover Time : 60 DES-6500:4# Status 2 : STP enabled for RSTP DES-6500:4#show stp Command: show stp STP Status : Enabled STP Version : RSTP Max Age : 20 Hello Time : 2

95 Forward Delay : 15 Max Age : 20 TX Hold Count : 3 Forwarding BPDU : Enabled Loopback Detection : Enabled LBD Recover Time : 60 DES-6500:4# Status 3 : STP enabled for MSTP DES-6500:4#show stp Command: show stp STP Status : Enabled STP Version : MSTP Max Age : 20 Forward Delay : 15 Max Age : 20 TX Hold Count : 3 Forwarding BPDU : Enabled Loopback Detection : Enabled LBD Recover Time : 60 DES-6500:4# show stp ports Purpose Used to display the Switch’s current instance_id configuration. Syntax show stp ports { } Description This command displays the STP Instance Settings and STP Instance Operational Status currently implemented on the Switch. Parameters  Specifies a range of ports to be displayed. The port list is specified by listing the lowest line card number and the beginning port number on that line card, separated by a colon. Then the highest line card number, and the highest port number of the range (also separated by a colon) are specified. The beginning and end of the port list range are separated by a dash. For example, 1:3 specifies line card number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies line card number 2, port 4. 1:3-2:4 specifies all of the ports between line card 1, port 3 and line card 2, port 4  in numerical order. Restrictions None. Example usage: To show STP ports 1 through 9 on switch one:

96 DES-6500:4#show stp ports 1:1-1:9 Command: show stp ports 1:1-1:9 MSTP Port Information ---------------------- Port Index : 1:1 , Hello Time: 2 /2 , Port STP enabled , LBD: No External PathCost : Auto/200000 , Edge Port : No /No , P2P : Auto /Yes Msti Designated Bridge Internal PathCost Prio Status Role ----- ------------------ ----------------- ---- ---------- --------- - 0 8000/0050BA7120D6 200000 128 Forwarding Root 1 8001/0053131A3324 200000 128 Forwarding Master CTRL+C ESC q Quit SPACE n Next Page p Previous Page r Refresh show stp instance_id Purpose Used to display the Switch’s STP instance configuration Syntax show stp instance_id { Description This command displays the Switch’s current STP Instance Settings and the STP Instance Operational Status. Parameters - Enter a value defining the previously configured instance_id on the Switch. An entry of 0 will display the STP configuration for the CIST internally set on the Switch. Restrictions None. Example usage: To display the STP instance configuration for instance 0 (the internal CIST) on the Switch: DES-6500:4#show stp instance_id 0 Command: show stp instance_id 0 STP Instance Settings --------------------------- Instance Type : CIST Instance Status : Enabled Instance Priority : 32768(bridge priority : 32768, sys ID ext : 0 ) STP Instance Operational Status -------------------------------- Designated Root Bridge : 32766/00-90-27-39-78-E2